JP2021117099A - Penetration piston, soil testing machine and method for moving lower unit of penetration piston - Google Patents

Penetration piston, soil testing machine and method for moving lower unit of penetration piston Download PDF

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JP2021117099A
JP2021117099A JP2020010457A JP2020010457A JP2021117099A JP 2021117099 A JP2021117099 A JP 2021117099A JP 2020010457 A JP2020010457 A JP 2020010457A JP 2020010457 A JP2020010457 A JP 2020010457A JP 2021117099 A JP2021117099 A JP 2021117099A
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lower unit
piston
penetration
engaging
engaging member
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JP7333609B2 (en
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勝則 安田
Katsunori Yasuda
勝則 安田
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Kansai Kiki Seisakusho Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a penetration piston that can quickly perform the work before and after the penetration to a sample.SOLUTION: A penetration piston 1 can rotate a lower unit 1a by using a handle part 3 provided at the side of an axial body 2 and slide an engagement member 4 to the vertical direction. After sliding to an upward direction, further, the lower unit 1a is rotated by using the handle part 3, and thereby an engagement part 4c can be engaged with an upper surface 62 of an intermediate member 6 and the engagement member 4 can be stored in a storage unit 71 of an upper member 7. After sliding to a lower direction, further, the lower unit 1a is rotated while pressing down a spring seat 54 by using the handle part 3, and thereby the engagement part 4c is pinched by a bottom surface 63 of the intermediate member 6 and an upper surface of spring seat 54.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、貫入ピストン、土質試験機及び貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの移動方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method of moving a penetration piston, a soil tester, and a lower unit of the penetration piston.

土木建築工事では、地盤の状況や強度等を確認するために、さまざまな地盤試験を行う。これら地盤試験のうち、主に道路の路床、路盤地盤の支持力を確認するために考えられた貫入試験の一種として、ＣＢＲ試験がある。 In civil engineering and construction work, various ground tests are conducted to confirm the condition and strength of the ground. Among these ground tests, there is a CBR test as a kind of penetration test mainly considered for confirming the bearing capacity of the roadbed and the roadbed ground.

ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１１（非特許文献１）に定めるＣＢＲ試験において、一般に行われている突き固められた土の供試体について試験を行う場合、まず、試料を準備し、供試体を作成する。具体的には、モールド、カラー及び有孔底板を組み立て、当該モールドの中にスペーサーディスクを入れ、当該スペーサーディスクの上にろ紙を敷く。スペーサーディスクは、ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１０（非特許文献２）において、高さが（５０±０．２）ｍｍの金属製円盤のものと規定されている。 In the CBR test specified in JIS A 1211 (Non-Patent Document 1), when a test is performed on a generally-conducted soil specimen, a sample is first prepared and a specimen is prepared. Specifically, the mold, the collar, and the perforated bottom plate are assembled, the spacer disc is put in the mold, and the filter paper is laid on the spacer disc. The spacer disk is defined in JIS A 1210 (Non-Patent Document 2) as a metal disk having a height of (50 ± 0.2) mm.

モールド内に１層分の土を入れ、ランマーを用いて、所定回数突き固める。これを３層分繰り返し、カラーを取り外した後、モールド上部のはみ出した土を直ナイフで削り取る。そして、モールドを反転させて有孔底板を外し、モールドからろ紙及びスペーサーディスクを取り出す。このとき、供試体上面は、モールド上端部からスペーサーディスクの高さ分である５０ｍｍ下の位置にある。 Put one layer of soil in the mold and tamper with it a predetermined number of times using a rammer. This is repeated for 3 layers, the collar is removed, and then the protruding soil on the top of the mold is scraped off with a straight knife. Then, the mold is inverted to remove the perforated bottom plate, and the filter paper and the spacer disc are taken out from the mold. At this time, the upper surface of the specimen is at a position 50 mm below the upper end of the mold, which is the height of the spacer disc.

この後、吸水膨張試験を経て、ＣＢＲ試験機を用いて供試体に貫入ピストンを貫入する貫入試験を行う。このとき、まず、貫入ピストンと供試体の中心線が一致するように供試体の入ったモールドを載荷装置に設置した後、供試体と貫入ピストンを密着させるために０．０５ｋＮ以下の荷重を加える。その後、載荷装置を上昇させることにより貫入ピストンを１ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの速さで貫入させ、所定の貫入量における荷重計の読みを記録する。記録後、荷重を除き、載荷装置からモールドを外す。（非特許文献１）。 After that, after undergoing a water absorption expansion test, a penetration test is performed in which the penetration piston is penetrated into the specimen using a CBR tester. At this time, first, after installing the mold containing the specimen in the loading device so that the center lines of the penetration piston and the specimen coincide with each other, a load of 0.05 kN or less is applied to bring the specimen and the penetration piston into close contact with each other. .. After that, the penetration piston is penetrated at a speed of 1 mm / min by raising the loading device, and the reading of the load meter at a predetermined penetration amount is recorded. After recording, remove the load and remove the mold from the loading device. (Non-Patent Document 1).

非特許文献１に記載されているＣＢＲ試験では、貫入ピストンは固定されており、貫入試験においては、載荷装置が上昇することにより、供試体と貫入ピストンを密着させ、その後貫入ピストンを供試体に貫入させていく。載荷装置の載荷能力は５０ｋＮ以上とされており、非常に負荷が大きく、また、１ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの一定速度で貫入させる必要があることから、貫入量を制御しやすい反面動きが遅いスクリュージャッキ等を使用して上昇及び下降させることが多い。そのため、貫入試験の時間が非常に長くなるという問題点があった。 In the CBR test described in Non-Patent Document 1, the penetration piston is fixed, and in the penetration test, the loading device is raised to bring the specimen into close contact with the penetration piston, and then the penetration piston is used as the specimen. Let it penetrate. The loading capacity of the loading device is 50 kN or more, the load is very large, and it is necessary to penetrate at a constant speed of 1 mm / min. Often used to raise and lower. Therefore, there is a problem that the penetration test time becomes very long.

この問題点を解消するために、貫入ピストンが取り付けられている上部ユニットを上下方向に移動可能にし、当該上部ユニットを下降させることにより、供試体と貫入ピストンを接近させるＣＢＲ試験機が開発されている（非特許文献３）。 In order to solve this problem, a CBR testing machine has been developed in which the upper unit to which the penetration piston is attached can be moved in the vertical direction and the upper unit is lowered to bring the specimen and the penetration piston closer to each other. (Non-Patent Document 3).

日本工業規格 「ＣＢＲ試験方法」（ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１１：２００９）Japanese Industrial Standard "CBR test method" (JIS A 1211: 2009) 日本工業規格 「突固めによる土の締固め試験方法（ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１０：２００９）Japanese Industrial Standards "Soil compaction test method by compaction (JIS A 1210: 2009) 株式会社関西機器製作所ホームページ上の製品カタログＰ．７０、［ｏｎｌｉｎｅ］、［２０２０年１月２０日検索］、インターネット、< https://kansaikiki-s.co.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/catalog_soli.pdf>Product catalog on the website of Kansai Kikai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. 70, [online], [Search January 20, 2020], Internet, <https://kansaikiki-s.co.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/catalog_soli.pdf>

しかしながら、非特許文献１に規定されている通り、貫入ピストンと供試体の中心線が一致するようにしなければならず、非特許文献３に記載されているＣＢＲ試験機においても、目視で確認しながら徐々に貫入ピストンを下降させるよう操作する必要があることから、当該上部ユニットではウォームギアを用いてモーター等の回転数を減速させて操作を行っている。そのため、貫入試験終了後に供試体の入ったモールドを取り除くために少なくとも５０ｍｍ以上貫入ピストンを上昇させなければならないが、当該上部ユニットにおいては貫入ピストンを迅速に上昇させることは難しい。したがって、当該ＣＢＲ試験機においても、貫入試験に長い時間を要していた。 However, as specified in Non-Patent Document 1, the penetration piston and the center line of the specimen must be aligned with each other, and the CBR testing machine described in Non-Patent Document 3 can also be visually confirmed. However, since it is necessary to gradually lower the penetration piston, the upper unit uses a worm gear to reduce the rotation speed of the motor or the like for operation. Therefore, after the penetration test is completed, the penetration piston must be raised by at least 50 mm or more in order to remove the mold containing the specimen, but it is difficult to raise the penetration piston quickly in the upper unit. Therefore, even in the CBR testing machine, it took a long time for the penetration test.

本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、貫入試験中に発生する大きな負荷に耐えることができ、かつ、供試体への貫入前後の作業を迅速に行うことができる貫入ピストンを提供するものである。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can withstand a large load generated during a penetration test, and can quickly perform work before and after penetration into a specimen. It provides a penetration piston.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様に係る貫入ピストンは、円柱形状の軸体と、前記軸体の側面に突設された取手部と、前記軸体の上面に設けられる略T字形状の係合部材と、下端側の大径部と前記大径部の上方の小径部とを有する筒部と、上端部に略円形の開口部を有するフランジ部と、を有する下部材と、前記下部材の上方に配置され、前記係合部材を上下方向に摺動させる貫通孔を有する中間部材と、前記中間部材の上方に配置され、固定部材によって、前記中間部材と前記下部材と共に固定される上部材と、を備え、前記下部材は、前記小径部の内周面によって前記係合部材の下部を支持し、前記大径部の内周面によって前記軸体を支持し、前記開口部に配置された弾性部材と前記弾性部材の上部に載置されたばね座とによって前記中間部材の下面と前記ばね座の上面との間で前記係合部材の係合部を挟持可能であり、前記上部材は、前記係合部材の上部を回転自在に収容可能な収容部が設けられていることを特徴としている。 In order to solve the above problems, the penetration piston according to one aspect of the present invention includes a cylindrical shaft body, a handle portion protruding from the side surface of the shaft body, and a substantially T provided on the upper surface of the shaft body. A lower member having a character-shaped engaging member, a tubular portion having a large diameter portion on the lower end side and a small diameter portion above the large diameter portion, and a flange portion having a substantially circular opening at the upper end portion. An intermediate member arranged above the lower member and having a through hole for sliding the engaging member in the vertical direction, and an intermediate member arranged above the intermediate member and having a through hole for sliding the engaging member in the vertical direction, together with the intermediate member and the lower member by a fixing member. The lower member includes an upper member to be fixed, the lower member supports the lower portion of the engaging member by the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter portion, and the shaft body is supported by the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter portion. The engaging portion of the engaging member can be sandwiched between the lower surface of the intermediate member and the upper surface of the spring seat by the elastic member arranged in the opening and the spring seat placed on the upper portion of the elastic member. The upper member is characterized in that an accommodating portion capable of rotatably accommodating the upper portion of the engaging member is provided.

本発明の一態様によれば、貫入ピストンが貫入試験中に発生する大きな負荷に耐えることができ、かつ、貫入ピストンの供試体への貫入前後の作業を迅速に行うことが可能となる。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the penetration piston can withstand a large load generated during the penetration test, and the work before and after the penetration of the penetration piston into the specimen can be performed quickly.

本発明の第一の実施形態である貫入ピストンを上方から見た斜視図である。It is a perspective view which looked at the penetration piston which is 1st Embodiment of this invention from above. 本発明の第一の実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部ユニットを上方から見た斜視図である。It is a perspective view which looked at the lower unit of the penetration piston which is 1st Embodiment of this invention from above. 本発明の第一の実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部材を上方から見た斜視図である。It is a perspective view which looked at the lower member of the penetration piston which is 1st Embodiment of this invention from above. 本発明の第一の実施形態である貫入ピストンの中間部材を（ａ）上方から見た斜視図と（ｂ）下方から見た斜視図である。It is (a) the perspective view seen from the upper side and (b) the perspective view seen from the lower side of the intermediate member of the penetration piston which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第二の実施形態である貫入ピストンの一部を上方から見た分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view which looked at a part of the penetration piston which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention from above. 本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの上方向への移動方法の概略説明図である。It is the schematic explanatory drawing of the method of moving the lower unit of the penetration piston upward which is one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの下方向への移動方法の概略説明図である。It is the schematic explanatory drawing of the method of moving the lower unit of the penetration piston downward which is one Embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下の実施例において示す構成は一例であり、本発明はこれらの構成に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configurations shown in the following examples are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these configurations.

図１に示すように、本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストン１は、軸体２と、取手部３と、下部材５と、中間部材６と、上部材７を備える。 As shown in FIG. 1, the penetration piston 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a shaft body 2, a handle portion 3, a lower member 5, an intermediate member 6, and an upper member 7.

図２は、本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストン１の下部ユニット１ａを上方から見た斜視図である。図２に示すように、円柱形状の軸体２の側面には、取手部３が突設されている。また、軸体２の上面には、中央部に略Ｔ字形状の係合部材４が設けられている。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the lower unit 1a of the penetration piston 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 2, a handle portion 3 is provided so as to project from the side surface of the cylindrical shaft body 2. Further, on the upper surface of the shaft body 2, a substantially T-shaped engaging member 4 is provided at the center.

取手部３の形状としては、軸体２を手動により回転させることができればよく、例えば、棒状部材等が挙げられる。また、取手部３はあらかじめ軸体２に固定されていてもよいし、ねじ等により、都度取り付けるようにしてもよい。取手部３の材質については、特に限定されず、例えば、金属等が挙げられる。 As the shape of the handle portion 3, it suffices if the shaft body 2 can be manually rotated, and examples thereof include a rod-shaped member and the like. Further, the handle portion 3 may be fixed to the shaft body 2 in advance, or may be attached each time with a screw or the like. The material of the handle portion 3 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metal and the like.

係合部材４は、略Ｔ字形状を有しており、上部４ａと下部４ｂを備える。上部４ａの両端部は他の部材等と係合する係合部４ｃになっている。軸体２の上面への係合部材４の取り付け方法としては、例えば、ホーローセット等を用いて取り付けることが考えられる。係合部材４の材質としては、貫入試験への影響を考慮して、軸体２と同じ金属を用いることが考えられるが、これに限定されず、他の金属等を用いてもよい。 The engaging member 4 has a substantially T-shape and includes an upper portion 4a and a lower portion 4b. Both ends of the upper portion 4a are engaging portions 4c that engage with other members and the like. As a method of attaching the engaging member 4 to the upper surface of the shaft body 2, for example, it is conceivable to attach the engaging member 4 by using an enamel set or the like. As the material of the engaging member 4, it is conceivable to use the same metal as the shaft body 2 in consideration of the influence on the penetration test, but the material is not limited to this, and other metals or the like may be used.

図３に示すように、下部材５は、上端部にフランジ部５１を有しており、当該フランジ部５１には略円形の開口部５２が設けられている。また、下部材５は筒部５５を有しており、当該筒部の下端側に大径部５５ａが設けられており、大径部５５ａの上方には小径部５５ｂが設けられている。図６に示すように、大径部５５ａの内周面は軸体２を支持しており、小径部５５ｂの内周面は係合部材４の下部４ｂを支持している。図５に示すように、当該開口部５２には弾性部材５３と前記弾性部材５３の上部に載置されたばね座５４が配置される。弾性部材５３としては、例えば、ばね等が挙げられる。この構成により、ばね座５４の上面と中間部材６の下面との間で、係合部材４の係合部４ｃを挟持することができる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the lower member 5 has a flange portion 51 at the upper end portion, and the flange portion 51 is provided with a substantially circular opening 52. Further, the lower member 5 has a tubular portion 55, a large diameter portion 55a is provided on the lower end side of the tubular portion, and a small diameter portion 55b is provided above the large diameter portion 55a. As shown in FIG. 6, the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 55a supports the shaft body 2, and the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 55b supports the lower portion 4b of the engaging member 4. As shown in FIG. 5, an elastic member 53 and a spring seat 54 mounted on the upper portion of the elastic member 53 are arranged in the opening 52. Examples of the elastic member 53 include a spring and the like. With this configuration, the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4 can be sandwiched between the upper surface of the spring seat 54 and the lower surface of the intermediate member 6.

図１に示すように、中間部材６は、下部材５の上方に配置される。図４に示すように、中間部材６は、係合部材４を上下方向に摺動させる貫通孔６１を備えている。貫通孔６１は、係合部材４の形状に合わせて設けられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate member 6 is arranged above the lower member 5. As shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate member 6 is provided with a through hole 61 for sliding the engaging member 4 in the vertical direction. The through hole 61 is provided according to the shape of the engaging member 4.

上部材７は、前記中間部材６の上方に配置され、図５に示すように、固定部材８によって、前記中間部材６と前記下部材５と共に固定される。固定部材８としては、貫入ピストン１が貫入試験に影響を与えない限り、特に限定されず、例えば、キャップボルト等が挙げられる。また、図６に示すように、上部材７は、貫入試験における貫入が終了し、係合部材４が前記貫通孔６１内を上方に摺動されたときに、係合部材４の上部４ａを収容するための収容部７１を有している。この場合、取手部３を用いて下部ユニット１ａを回転させて、係合部材４の係合部４ｃを中間部材６の上面６２と係合させることによって、係合部材４は収容部７１内において係止される。 The upper member 7 is arranged above the intermediate member 6, and as shown in FIG. 5, is fixed together with the intermediate member 6 and the lower member 5 by the fixing member 8. The fixing member 8 is not particularly limited as long as the penetration piston 1 does not affect the penetration test, and examples thereof include cap bolts and the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, when the penetration in the penetration test is completed and the engaging member 4 is slid upward in the through hole 61, the upper member 7 touches the upper portion 4a of the engaging member 4. It has an accommodating portion 71 for accommodating. In this case, the lower unit 1a is rotated by using the handle portion 3 to engage the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4 with the upper surface 62 of the intermediate member 6, so that the engaging member 4 is placed in the accommodating portion 71. Locked.

また、図５に示すように、中間部材６の上面６２及び／又は下面６３に係合部材４を係止する突出部６４を設けてもよい。係合部材４が貫通孔６１を摺動して抜け出した後、取手部３により下部ユニット１ａを回転させることにより、当該突出部６４が係合部材４の係合部４ｃと係合することで、係合部材４を容易に係止することが可能となる。突出部６４としては、例えば、キャップボルト等が挙げられる。また、突出部６４の位置としては、係合部材４が係止されればよく、特に限定されない。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a protruding portion 64 for locking the engaging member 4 may be provided on the upper surface 62 and / or the lower surface 63 of the intermediate member 6. After the engaging member 4 slides out of the through hole 61, the lower unit 1a is rotated by the handle portion 3, so that the protruding portion 64 engages with the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4. , The engaging member 4 can be easily locked. Examples of the protruding portion 64 include a cap bolt and the like. Further, the position of the protruding portion 64 is not particularly limited as long as the engaging member 4 is locked.

図６に示すように、マークＭを軸体２に設けてもよい。マークＭは、取手部３を用いて下部ユニット１ａを上下動させるときに、軸体２と下部体５との重なり位置であってかつ下部ユニット１ａを回転させる位置に付しておけばよく、軸体２の周囲全体に付す必要はない。また、軸体２の側面に溝を刻むようにしてもよいし、塗料やシールで印を付けるようにしてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 6, the mark M may be provided on the shaft body 2. The mark M may be attached to the position where the shaft body 2 and the lower body 5 overlap and the lower unit 1a is rotated when the lower unit 1a is moved up and down using the handle portion 3. It is not necessary to attach it to the entire circumference of the shaft body 2. Further, a groove may be carved on the side surface of the shaft body 2, or a mark may be made with a paint or a seal.

従来の土質試験機へ本発明の一実施形態に係る貫入ピストン１を装着することにより、貫入試験における貫入ピストン１の供試体への貫入前後の作業を迅速に行うことができる。なお、土質試験機にはＣＢＲ試験機も含まれるが、ＣＢＲ試験における貫入試験に使用できる土質試験機であればよく、ＣＢＲ試験機に限定されない。 By mounting the penetration piston 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention on a conventional soil tester, the work before and after the penetration of the penetration piston 1 into the specimen in the penetration test can be performed quickly. The soil tester includes a CBR tester, but is not limited to the CBR tester as long as it is a soil tester that can be used for the penetration test in the CBR test.

図６は、本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの上方向への移動方法の概略説明図である。従来例では、貫入試験における貫入終了後、土質試験機の動作によって貫入ピストンを上昇させていたが、図６に示すように、本発明の一実施形態に係る貫入ピストン１の下部ユニット１ａの移動方法においては、取手部３を用いて係合部材４が貫通孔３１内を摺動できる位置まで下部ユニット１ａを回転させた後（図６（ａ））、取手部３を用いて下部ユニット１ａを上昇させることで、貫通孔６１内を摺動させて係合部材４を鉛直上方向にスライドさせることによって、上部材７の収容部７１に係合部材４の上部４ａを移動させ（図６（ｂ））、さらに取手部３を用いて下部ユニット１ａを回転させることにより、係合部４ｃと中間部材６の上面６２とを係合させて係合部材４を係止させる（図６（ｃ））。この後、供試体の入ったモールドを取り除く。そのため、迅速に動かすことができない従来の貫入ピストンを用いる土質試験機によって貫入ピストンを上昇させる場合と比べて、供試体への貫入後の作業を迅速に行うことができる。 FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view of an upward movement method of the lower unit of the penetration piston according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the conventional example, after the penetration in the penetration test is completed, the penetration piston is raised by the operation of the soil tester. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower unit 1a of the penetration piston 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is moved. In the method, after rotating the lower unit 1a to a position where the engaging member 4 can slide in the through hole 31 using the handle 3 (FIG. 6A), the lower unit 1a is used using the handle 3. By raising the above member, the engaging member 4 is slid vertically upward by sliding in the through hole 61, so that the upper portion 4a of the engaging member 4 is moved to the accommodating portion 71 of the upper member 7 (FIG. 6). (B)) Further, by rotating the lower unit 1a using the handle portion 3, the engaging portion 4c and the upper surface 62 of the intermediate member 6 are engaged with each other to lock the engaging member 4 (FIG. 6 (FIG. 6). c)). After this, the mold containing the specimen is removed. Therefore, as compared with the case where the intrusive piston is raised by a soil tester using a conventional intrusive piston that cannot be moved quickly, the work after intrusive into the specimen can be performed more quickly.

図７は、本発明の一実施形態である貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの下方向への移動方法の概略説明図である。複数の供試体について貫入試験を行う場合、供試体の入れ替え後に、土質試験機の動作によって貫入ピストンを下降させていたが、図７に示すように、本発明の一実施形態に係る貫入ピストン１の下部ユニット１ａの移動方法においては、取手部３を用いて係合部材４が貫通孔６１内を摺動できる位置まで下部ユニット１ａを回転させた後（図７（ａ））、取手部３を用いて下部ユニット１ａを下降させることで、貫通孔６１内を摺動させて係合部材４を鉛直下方向にスライドさせることによって、ばね座５４まで係合部材４の上部４ａを移動させ（図７（ｂ））、取手部３を用いてばね座５４を押し下げながら下部ユニット１ａを回転させることにより、係合部材４の係合部４ｃを中間部材６の下面６３と係合させて中間部材６の下面６３とばね座５４の上面によって挟持させる（図７（ｃ））。そのため、迅速に動かすことができない従来の貫入ピストンを用いる土質試験機によって貫入ピストンを下降させる場合と比べて、供試体への貫入前の作業を迅速に行うことができる。また、貫入試験時においても、弾性部材５３がばね座５４を介して係合部材４の係合部４ｃを上方向に付勢することによって、係合部材４の係合部４ｃが中間部材６の下面６３とばね座５４の上面により安定的に挟持されるため、非常に大きな負荷が発生する貫入試験に影響を与えることもない。 FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view of a method of moving the lower unit of the penetration piston downward according to the embodiment of the present invention. When performing a penetration test on a plurality of specimens, the penetration piston was lowered by the operation of the soil tester after the specimens were replaced. As shown in FIG. 7, the penetration piston 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention 1 In the method of moving the lower unit 1a of the above, after rotating the lower unit 1a to a position where the engaging member 4 can slide in the through hole 61 using the handle 3 (FIG. 7 (a)), the handle 3 By lowering the lower unit 1a using the above, the upper part 4a of the engaging member 4 is moved to the spring seat 54 by sliding the engaging member 4 vertically downward by sliding in the through hole 61 (. 7 (b)), by rotating the lower unit 1a while pushing down the spring seat 54 using the handle portion 3, the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4 is engaged with the lower surface 63 of the intermediate member 6 and is intermediate. It is sandwiched between the lower surface 63 of the member 6 and the upper surface of the spring seat 54 (FIG. 7 (c)). Therefore, the work before intrusive penetration into the specimen can be performed more quickly than in the case where the intrusive piston is lowered by a soil tester using a conventional intrusive piston that cannot be moved quickly. Further, even during the penetration test, the elastic member 53 urges the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4 upward via the spring seat 54, so that the engaging portion 4c of the engaging member 4 becomes the intermediate member 6. Since it is stably sandwiched between the lower surface 63 and the upper surface of the spring seat 54, it does not affect the penetration test in which a very large load is generated.

今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。 It should be considered that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

１ 貫入ピストン
１ａ 下部ユニット
２ 軸体
３ 取手部
４ 係合部材
４ａ 上部
４ｂ 下部
４ｃ 係合部
５ 下部材
６ 中間部材
７ 下部材
５１ フランジ部
５２ 開口部
５３ 弾性部材
５４ ばね座
５５ 筒部
５５ａ 大径部
５５ｂ 小径部
６１ 貫通孔
６２ 上面
６３ 下面
６４ 突出部
７１ 収容部 1 Penetration piston 1a Lower unit 2 Shaft 3 Handle 4 Engagement member 4a Upper 4b Lower 4c Engagement 5 Lower member 6 Intermediate member 7 Lower member 51 Flange 52 Opening 53 Elastic member 54 Spring seat 55 Cylinder 55a Large Diameter 55b Small diameter 61 Through hole 62 Upper surface 63 Lower surface 64 Protruding part 71 Accommodating part

Claims (6)

円柱形状の軸体と、
前記軸体の側面に突設された取手部と、
前記軸体の上面に設けられる略T字形状の係合部材と、
下端側の大径部と前記大径部の上方の小径部とを有する筒部と、上端部に略円形の開口部を有するフランジ部と、を有する下部材と、
前記下部材の上方に配置され、前記係合部材を上下方向に摺動させる貫通孔を有する中間部材と、
前記中間部材の上方に配置され、固定部材によって、前記中間部材と前記下部材と共に固定される上部材と、
を備え、
前記下部材は、前記小径部の内周面によって前記係合部材の下部を支持し、前記大径部の内周面によって前記軸体を支持し、前記開口部に配置された弾性部材と前記弾性部材の上部に載置されたばね座とによって前記中間部材の下面と前記ばね座の上面との間で前記係合部材の係合部を挟持可能であり、
前記上部材は、前記係合部材の上部を回転自在に収容可能な収容部が設けられている、貫入ピストン。 Cylindrical shaft and
A handle portion protruding from the side surface of the shaft body and
A substantially T-shaped engaging member provided on the upper surface of the shaft body and
A lower member having a tubular portion having a large diameter portion on the lower end side and a small diameter portion above the large diameter portion, and a flange portion having a substantially circular opening at the upper end portion.
An intermediate member arranged above the lower member and having a through hole for sliding the engaging member in the vertical direction, and an intermediate member.
An upper member arranged above the intermediate member and fixed together with the intermediate member and the lower member by the fixing member.
With
The lower member supports the lower portion of the engaging member by the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter portion, supports the shaft body by the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter portion, and the elastic member arranged in the opening and the said. The engaging portion of the engaging member can be sandwiched between the lower surface of the intermediate member and the upper surface of the spring seat by the spring seat mounted on the upper portion of the elastic member.
The upper member is a penetrating piston provided with an accommodating portion capable of rotatably accommodating the upper portion of the engaging member. 前記中間部材の上面及び／又は下面に、前記係合部材を係止する突出部を備える請求項１に記載に貫入ピストン。 The penetration piston according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion for locking the engaging member is provided on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the intermediate member. 前記軸体の側面に貫入ピストンの下部ユニットを回転させる位置を示すマークを有する請求項１又は２に記載の貫入ピストン。 The intrusive piston according to claim 1 or 2, which has a mark on the side surface of the shaft body indicating a position for rotating the lower unit of the intrusive piston. 請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の貫入ピストンを用いた土質試験機。 A soil testing machine using the intrusive piston according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 請求項４に記載の土質試験機を用いた貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの移動方法であって、
貫入終了後に、前記取手部を用いて前記係合部材が前記貫通孔内を摺動できる位置まで前記下部ユニットを回転させるステップと、
前記下部ユニットを回転させた後、前記取手部を用いて下部ユニットを上昇させることにより、前記係合部材の上部を前記収容部まで移動させるステップと、
前記係合部材の上部を前記収容部まで移動させた後、前記取手部を用いて前記下部ユニットを回転させることにより、前記係合部材の係合部と前記中間部材の上面とを係合させるステップと、
を備える貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの移動方法。 The method for moving the lower unit of the penetration piston using the soil tester according to claim 4.
After the penetration is completed, a step of rotating the lower unit to a position where the engaging member can slide in the through hole using the handle portion, and a step of rotating the lower unit.
A step of moving the upper part of the engaging member to the accommodating portion by raising the lower unit using the handle portion after rotating the lower unit.
After moving the upper part of the engaging member to the accommodating portion, the lower unit is rotated by using the handle portion to engage the engaging portion of the engaging member with the upper surface of the intermediate member. Steps and
How to move the lower unit of the penetrating piston. 請求項４に記載の土質試験機を用いた貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの移動方法であって、
複数の供試体の貫入試験時における供試体の入れ替え後に、前記取手部を用いて前記係合部材が前記貫通孔内を摺動できる位置まで前記下部ユニットを回転させるステップと、
前記下部ユニットを回転させた後、前記取手部を用いて下部ユニットを下降させることにより、前記係合部材の上部を前記ばね座まで移動させるステップと、
前記係合部材の上部を前記ばね座まで移動させた後、前記取手部を用いて下方向に前記ばね座を押し下げながら前記下部ユニットを回転させることにより、前記係合部材の係合部を前記中間部材の下面と係合させて前記中間部材の下面と前記ばね座の上面によって挟持させるステップと、
を備える貫入ピストンの下部ユニットの移動方法。 The method for moving the lower unit of the penetration piston using the soil tester according to claim 4.
After the specimens are replaced during the penetration test of a plurality of specimens, the lower unit is rotated to a position where the engaging member can slide in the through hole by using the handle portion.
A step of moving the upper part of the engaging member to the spring seat by lowering the lower unit using the handle portion after rotating the lower unit.
After moving the upper part of the engaging member to the spring seat, the lower unit is rotated while pushing down the spring seat downward using the handle portion to move the engaging portion of the engaging member. A step of engaging with the lower surface of the intermediate member and sandwiching it between the lower surface of the intermediate member and the upper surface of the spring seat.
How to move the lower unit of the penetrating piston.
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JPS4832654Y1 (en) * 1970-08-28 1973-10-04
JPS59158822A (en) * 1983-02-28 1984-09-08 Sekisui Prefab Homes Ltd Penetration tester for bearing power of soil
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JP3027598U (en) * 1995-11-22 1996-08-13 建設省近畿地方建設局長 Ground support force measuring device
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