JP2021063685A - Calculation method of fracture limit line in weld area, calculation program of fracture limit line in weld area, and calculation device of fracture limit line in weld area - Google Patents

Calculation method of fracture limit line in weld area, calculation program of fracture limit line in weld area, and calculation device of fracture limit line in weld area Download PDF

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JP2021063685A
JP2021063685A JP2019187642A JP2019187642A JP2021063685A JP 2021063685 A JP2021063685 A JP 2021063685A JP 2019187642 A JP2019187642 A JP 2019187642A JP 2019187642 A JP2019187642 A JP 2019187642A JP 2021063685 A JP2021063685 A JP 2021063685A
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limit line
breaking
fracture
welded portion
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上田 秀樹
Hideki Ueda
秀樹 上田
富士本 博紀
Hironori Fujimoto
博紀 富士本
英介 中山
Eisuke Nakayama
英介 中山
高志 今村
Takashi Imamura
高志 今村
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

To provide a calculation method of a fracture limit line capable of easily calculating an unmeasured fracture limit line of a weld part in an arc weld area.SOLUTION: A calculation method of fracture limit lines, includes: a fracture limit line derivation step of deriving fracture limit lines in a spot weld area and fracture limit lines in multiple arc weld areas under conditions that type of welding wire are different; a breaking limit conversion rate calculation step of calculating multiple breaking limit conversion rates by using parameters of the fracture limit line in the spot weld area and parameters of fracture limit lines in multiple arc weld areas and formulating a relation between tensile strength of the welding wire and the breaking limit conversion rate; and a fracture limit line calculation step of calculating the breaking limit conversion rate from the formula that is formulated from the tensile strength of the welding wire used in the arc weld area to be evaluated and calculating the fracture limit lines in an arc weld area to be evaluated from the parameters of the calculated breaking limit conversion rate and the fracture limit lines in the spot weld area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、アーク溶接接手の強度評価を有限要素法解析(Finite Element Method解析。以下において「FEM解析」と記載することがある。)でシミュレーションする際の溶接部の破断限界線の算出に関する。 The present invention relates to the calculation of the breaking limit line of a welded portion when simulating the strength evaluation of an arc welded joint by a finite element method analysis (Finite Element Method analysis; hereinafter, may be referred to as “FEM analysis”).

自動車部材の接合方法として、スポット溶接が困難な閉断面部位やシャシー部材においてはアーク溶接が用いられている。一方、自動車部材の強度評価にはFEM解析が多用されており、アーク溶接により接合された部分についても強度評価にFEM解析を使用することが望まれる。ただし、その際には、解析精度の向上のために溶接部の破断限界線を精緻に設定することが重要である。 As a method for joining automobile members, arc welding is used for closed cross-section parts and chassis members where spot welding is difficult. On the other hand, FEM analysis is often used for strength evaluation of automobile members, and it is desired to use FEM analysis for strength evaluation of portions joined by arc welding. However, in that case, it is important to precisely set the fracture limit line of the welded portion in order to improve the analysis accuracy.

溶接部の破断限界線を精緻に設定する技術として非特許文献1には、自動車用鋼板を対象にしたスポット溶接部の破断予測方法に関する技術が開示されている。この技術を応用すればアーク溶接部の強度評価においても溶接部の変形抵抗曲線と破断基準を求めることができる。しかしながら、この技術では溶接部から試験片を採取すること、さらにはここから試験部が0.3mmの超小型試験片を加工して引張試験により破断絞りを採取し、本試験を模擬したFEM解析を実施する必要があるため、多くの手介入作業を必要とする。 Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for predicting fracture of a spot welded portion for an automobile steel plate as a technique for precisely setting a fracture limit line of the welded portion. If this technique is applied, the deformation resistance curve and the breaking standard of the welded portion can be obtained even in the strength evaluation of the arc welded portion. However, in this technique, a test piece is collected from the welded part, and further, the test part processes an ultra-small test piece of 0.3 mm from here and collects a fracture drawing by a tensile test, and FEM analysis simulating this test. Requires a lot of manual intervention work because it is necessary to carry out.

また、特許文献1には、事前に導出したスポット溶接部の破断限界線から冷却速度をパラメータにしてレーザ溶接部の破断限界線を推定する方法が開示されている。しかしながらこの方法では、アーク溶接部特有の溶接ワイヤの影響を考慮しておらず、溶接ワイヤと鋼板が混在したアーク溶接部の破断限界線を適正に求めることができない。 Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of estimating the breaking limit line of the laser welded portion from the breaking limit line of the spot welded portion derived in advance by using the cooling rate as a parameter. However, in this method, the influence of the welding wire peculiar to the arc welded portion is not taken into consideration, and the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion in which the welded wire and the steel plate are mixed cannot be appropriately obtained.

上田秀樹、他3名、「応力三軸度を考慮したスポット溶接部破断予測技術の研究(第1報)」、自動車技術会論文集、Vol.44、No.2、p727(2013)Hideki Ueda and 3 others, "Study of Spot Weld Fracture Prediction Technology Considering Stress Triaxiality (1st Report)", Proceedings of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Vol. 44, No. 2, p727 (2013)

特開2017−062206JP 2017-062206

そこで本発明は、破断限界線が未測定であるアーク溶接による溶接部の破断限界線を容易に算出することができる溶接部の破断限界線の算出方法を提供することを課題とする。また、そのための算出プログラム、及び、溶接部の破断限界線算出装置を提供する。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating a fracture limit line of a welded portion, which can easily calculate a fracture limit line of a welded portion by arc welding in which the fracture limit line has not been measured. Further, a calculation program for that purpose and a fracture limit line calculation device for the welded portion are provided.

アーク溶接の場合、同じ鋼板を対象としていても、溶接ワイヤの材質によりアーク溶接による溶接部(「アーク溶接部」と記載することがある。)の硬さは異なる。一方、スポット溶接による溶接部(「スポット溶接部」と記載することがある。)の硬さは、保持冷却時間の影響はあるものの溶接条件が一定であれば鋼板の材質で決定される。
ここで、アーク溶接部の破断限界線及びスポット溶接部の破断限界線は、いずれも引張強さや降伏応力に関係するため、硬さと同じ傾向を示すことは共通である。
そこで、発明者は、スポット溶接部の破断限界線は鋼板固有のものと考えてよく、これを基準として溶接ワイヤの強度を関連づければ、アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出できると考えた。より具体的に鋭意検討し、予め、超小型試験片の引張試験技術で導出したスポット溶接部の破断限界線と、アーク溶接部の破断限界線から溶接ワイヤ強度と破断限界変換率の関係を定式化し、その式の係数を用いて、任意の溶接ワイヤ強度からそれに対応したアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出することができることを見出した。
In the case of arc welding, even if the same steel sheet is targeted, the hardness of the welded portion (sometimes referred to as “arc welded portion”) by arc welding differs depending on the material of the welding wire. On the other hand, the hardness of the welded portion (sometimes referred to as “spot welded portion”) by spot welding is determined by the material of the steel sheet if the welding conditions are constant, although there is an influence of the holding cooling time.
Here, since the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion and the fracture limit line of the spot welded portion are both related to the tensile strength and the yield stress, it is common that they show the same tendency as the hardness.
Therefore, the inventor may think that the fracture limit line of the spot welded portion is peculiar to the steel sheet, and can calculate the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion by associating the strength of the welding wire with this as a reference. A more specific study was conducted, and the relationship between the welding wire strength and the break limit conversion rate was formulated from the break limit line of the spot weld and the break limit line of the arc weld, which were derived in advance by the tensile test technology of the ultra-small test piece. It was found that the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion corresponding to it can be calculated from an arbitrary welding wire strength by using the coefficient of the equation.

また、これに加えて、溶接ワイヤと鋼板の溶融部からなるアーク溶接部が冷却する際の冷却速度を関連づければ、冷却速度に関連づけられたアーク溶接部の破断限界線も算出できると考え、さらに、アーク溶接部の冷却速度と破断限界変換率の関係を定式化し、その式を用いて、任意の溶接ワイヤ強度と冷却速度からそれに対応した破断限界線を算出することを得た。 In addition to this, if the cooling rate when the arc welded part consisting of the welded wire and the molten part of the steel plate is cooled is related, the break limit line of the arc welded part related to the cooling rate can be calculated. Further, the relationship between the cooling rate of the arc welded portion and the breaking limit conversion rate was formulated, and the corresponding breaking limit line was calculated from an arbitrary welding wire strength and cooling rate using the formula.

本発明は、このような知見に基づいて完成させた。以下、本発明について説明する。 The present invention has been completed based on such findings. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.

本発明の1つの態様は、アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する方法であって、スポット溶接部の破断限界線、及び、溶接ワイヤの種類が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出する破断限界線導出過程と、スポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数、及び、複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、溶接ワイヤの引張強さと破断限界変換率との関係を定式化する破断限界変換率算出過程と、評価対象となるアーク溶接部に用いる溶接ワイヤの引張強さから定式化した式より破断限界変換率を計算し、計算した破断限界変換率及びスポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数から、評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する破断限界線算出過程と、を有する溶接部の破断限界線算出方法である。 One aspect of the present invention is a method of calculating a break limit line of an arc welded portion, which is a break limit line of a spot welded portion and a break limit line of a plurality of arc welded portions under conditions of different types of welding wires. Multiple break limit conversion rates are calculated using the break limit line derivation process, the coefficient of the break limit line of the spot weld, and the coefficient of the break limit line of multiple arc welds, and the welding wire The break limit conversion rate is calculated from the break limit conversion rate calculation process that formulates the relationship between the tensile strength and the break limit conversion rate, and the formula that is formulated from the tensile strength of the welding wire used for the arc weld to be evaluated. , A method for calculating the breaking limit line of a welded portion having a breaking limit line calculation process for calculating the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated from the calculated breaking limit conversion rate and the breaking limit line coefficient of the spot welded portion. Is.

上記溶接部の破断限界線の算出方法において、破断限界線導出過程では、さらに冷却速度が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出し、破断限界変換率算出過程では、さらに、基準とする冷却速度における破断限界線の係数、及び、基準とする冷却速度とは異なる冷却速度における複数の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、冷却速度と破断限界変換率との関係を定式化し、破断限界線算出過程では、さらに、評価対象となるアーク溶接部における冷却速度から定式化した式により破断限界変換率を計算し、当該破断限界変換率及び基準とする冷却速度における破断限界線の係数から、評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出することもできる。 In the method for calculating the fracture limit line of the welded portion, in the process of deriving the fracture limit line, the fracture limit lines of a plurality of arc welded portions are further derived under the condition that the cooling rate is different, and in the process of calculating the fracture limit conversion rate, the reference is further obtained. Using the coefficient of the breaking limit line at the cooling rate and the coefficient of the multiple breaking limit lines at a cooling rate different from the reference cooling rate, multiple breaking limit conversion rates are calculated, and the cooling rate and the breaking limit are calculated. The relationship with the conversion rate is formulated, and in the process of calculating the fracture limit line, the fracture limit conversion rate is further calculated from the cooling rate at the arc welded part to be evaluated, and the fracture limit conversion rate and the reference are used. It is also possible to calculate the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated from the coefficient of the breaking limit line at the cooling rate.

本発明の他の態様は、アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出するプログラムであって、スポット溶接部の破断限界線、及び、溶接ワイヤの種類が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出する破断限界線導出ステップと、スポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数、及び、複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、溶接ワイヤの引張強さと破断限界変換率との関係を定式化する破断限界変換率算出ステップと、評価対象となるアーク溶接部に用いる溶接ワイヤの引張強さから前記定式化した式より破断限界変換率を計算し、計算した当該破断限界変換率及びスポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数から、評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する破断限界線算出ステップと、を有する溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラムである。 Another aspect of the present invention is a program for calculating a break limit line of an arc welded portion, which is a break limit line of a spot welded portion and a break limit line of a plurality of arc welded portions under conditions of different types of welding wires. Multiple break limit conversion rates are calculated using the break limit line derivation step, the break limit line coefficient of the spot weld, and the break limit line coefficient of multiple arc welds, and the welding wire The break limit conversion rate is calculated from the break limit conversion rate calculation step that formulates the relationship between the tensile strength and the break limit conversion rate, and the tensile strength of the welding wire used for the arc weld to be evaluated. Then, from the calculated break limit conversion rate and the coefficient of the break limit line of the spot weld, the break limit line calculation step of calculating the break limit line of the arc weld to be evaluated, and the break limit line of the weld having It is a calculation program.

上記溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラムにおいて、破断限界線導出ステップでは、さらに冷却速度が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出し、破断限界変換率算出ステップでは、さらに、基準とする冷却速度における破断限界線の係数、及び、基準とする冷却速度とは異なる冷却速度における複数の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、冷却速度と当該破断限界変換率との関係を定式化し、破断限界線算出ステップでは、さらに、評価対象となるアーク溶接部における冷却速度から定式化した式により破断限界変換率を計算し、当該破断限界変換率及び基準とする冷却速度における破断限界線の係数から、評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出するように構成してもよい。 In the fracture limit line calculation program of the welded portion, in the fracture limit line derivation step, the fracture limit lines of a plurality of arc welded portions are further derived under the condition that the cooling rate is different, and in the fracture limit conversion rate calculation step, the reference is further obtained. Multiple breaking limit conversion rates are calculated using the coefficient of the breaking limit line at the cooling rate to be used and the coefficient of multiple breaking limit lines at a cooling rate different from the reference cooling rate, and the cooling rate and the breaking limit are calculated. The relationship with the conversion rate is formulated, and in the fracture limit line calculation step, the fracture limit conversion rate is further calculated from the cooling rate at the arc welded part to be evaluated, and the fracture limit conversion rate and the reference are used. The fracture limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated may be calculated from the coefficient of the fracture limit line at the cooling rate to be evaluated.

本発明の他の態様は、アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する装置であって、上記の溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラムが記憶された記憶手段と、プログラムに基づいて演算を行う演算手段と、演算手段により演算された結果を表示する表示手段と、を備え、演算手段は、上記溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラムのステップにより演算が行われる、溶接部の破断限界線算出装置である。 Another aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for calculating a break limit line of an arc welded portion, which is a storage means in which the break limit line calculation program of the welded portion is stored and a calculation means for performing a calculation based on the program. And a display means for displaying the result calculated by the calculation means, and the calculation means is a break limit line calculation device for the welded portion, which is calculated by the step of the break limit line calculation program for the welded portion. ..

本発明では破断限界変換率を溶接ワイヤの引張強さに関連づけて算出するため、破断限界線が未測定であるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する場合であっても、溶接ワイヤの引張強さを特定し、スポット溶接部の破断限界線が導出されていれば破断限界変換率を用いてアーク溶接部の破断限界線を容易に算出することができる。
すなわち、本発明によれば、アーク溶接部の破断限界線が未測定である溶接部材に対しても、引張試験を行わずにアーク溶接部の破断限界線を精度良く算出できる。
In the present invention, since the breaking limit conversion rate is calculated in relation to the tensile strength of the weld wire, the tensile strength of the weld wire is calculated even when the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion where the breaking limit line has not been measured is calculated. If the fracture limit line of the spot welded portion is derived, the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion can be easily calculated by using the fracture limit conversion rate.
That is, according to the present invention, even for a welded member whose break limit line of the arc weld portion has not been measured, the break limit line of the arc weld portion can be calculated accurately without performing a tensile test.

溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10の流れを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the flow of the fracture limit line calculation method S10 of a welded part. 溶接ワイヤ強度と破断限界変換率との関係を表した図である。It is a figure which showed the relationship between the welding wire strength and the breaking limit conversion rate. 溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S20の流れを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the flow of the fracture limit line calculation method S20 of a welded part. 冷却速度と破断限界変換率との関係を表した図である。It is a figure which showed the relationship between the cooling rate and the breaking limit conversion rate. 溶接部の破断限界線算出装置10の構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of the fracture limit line calculation apparatus 10 of a welded part. (a)は引張試験モデル20の外観、(b)はその溶接部近傍を拡大して表した図である。(A) is an external view of the tensile test model 20, and (b) is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the welded portion. (a)は解析結果、(b)は試験結果を表す図である。(A) is a diagram showing the analysis result, and (b) is a diagram showing the test result. 解析結果及び試験結果の最大荷重を表した図である。It is a figure which showed the maximum load of the analysis result and the test result.

[溶接部の破断限界線算出方法10]
本発明の1つの形態にかかる溶接部の破断限界線算出方法10の流れを図1に示す。図1からわかるように、破断限界線算出方法S10は破断限界線導出過程S11と、破断限界変換率算出過程S12と、破断限界線算出過程S13とを備えている。
[Method of calculating the breaking limit line of the welded portion 10]
FIG. 1 shows the flow of the fracture limit line calculation method 10 of the welded portion according to one embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the breaking limit line calculation method S10 includes a breaking limit line derivation process S11, a breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S12, and a breaking limit line calculation process S13.

<破断限界線導出過程S11>
破断限界線導出過程S11では、超小型試験片の引張試験技術を用いてスポット溶接部及びアーク溶接部のそれぞれ個別の破断限界線を導出する。この時、鋼板の材質は同じものを用い、スポット溶接部は1つのケースで良いが、アーク溶接部は溶接ワイヤを変えた2つ以上のケースの個別の破断限界線の導出が必要である。
ここで、超小型試験片の引張試験技術を用いて破断限界線を導出する方法は、例えば非特許文献1に記載された方法を用いることができる。すなわち、溶接部、HAZ(熱影響部)、及び、母材の各部位から超小型試験片(試験部の幅が0.3mm)をワイヤカット放電加工等により採取し、静的引張試験を行うものである。
超小型試験片の引張試験を模擬したFEM解析結果の試験部断面積が破断試験片での実測値に達したときの最大相当塑性ひずみを、その試験片の局所的な破断ひずみと定義できる。同様に、破断限界の応力三軸度も定義できる。このプロセスを溶接部分、HAZ部分、および、母材部分毎に行うことで、各部位での破断ひずみと破断限界の応力三軸度を導出することが可能である。
<Break limit line derivation process S11>
In the fracture limit line derivation process S11, individual fracture limit lines of the spot welded portion and the arc welded portion are derived by using the tensile test technique of the ultra-small test piece. At this time, the same material is used for the steel sheet, and one case is sufficient for the spot welded portion, but for the arc welded portion, it is necessary to derive individual fracture limit lines for two or more cases in which the welding wires are changed.
Here, as a method for deriving the breaking limit line by using the tensile test technique of the ultra-small test piece, for example, the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 can be used. That is, an ultra-small test piece (the width of the test part is 0.3 mm) is collected from each part of the welded part, HAZ (heat-affected zone), and base metal by wire-cut electric discharge machining or the like, and a static tensile test is performed. It is a thing.
The maximum equivalent plastic strain when the cross-sectional area of the test part of the FEM analysis result simulating the tensile test of the ultra-small test piece reaches the measured value of the fracture test piece can be defined as the local fracture strain of the test piece. Similarly, the stress triaxiality at the breaking limit can be defined. By performing this process for each welded portion, HAZ portion, and base metal portion, it is possible to derive the fracture strain at each portion and the stress triaxiality at the fracture limit.

そして、式(1)のように、破断ひずみと応力三軸度の関係を累乗関数で近似することにより、破断限界線を構築することができる。ここで、εCRは破断限界ひずみ、σtriaxは応力三軸度を表し、A、及び、Bは係数である。
εCR=A+σtriax^B (1)
Then, as in Eq. (1), the fracture limit line can be constructed by approximating the relationship between the fracture strain and the stress triaxiality with a power function. Here, ε CR represents the breaking limit strain, σ triax represents the stress triaxiality, and A and B are coefficients.
ε CR = A + σ triax ^ B (1)

破断限界線導出過程S11では、当該式(1)により、少なくとも1つのスポット溶接部における式(1)による破断限界線、及び、少なくとも2つのアーク溶接部における式(1)によるそれぞれ個別の破断限界線を得ることができる。すなわち、スポット溶接部については係数A、BをA、Bとし、アーク溶接の溶接部についてはAawi、Bawiとしたとき、スポット溶接部の破断限界線式(2)、アーク溶接部の個別の破断限界線式(3)を得る。
εCRs=A+σtriax^B (2)
εCRawi=Aawi+σtriax^Bawi (3)
ここで例えば溶接ワイヤの種類が3種類であれば、iが1〜3をとり、個別の破断限界線は、εCRaw1〜εCRaw3の3つとなる。
In the fracture limit line derivation process S11, according to the equation (1), the fracture limit line according to the equation (1) at at least one spot weld and the individual fracture limit according to the equation (1) at at least two arc welds. You can get a line. That is, coefficients A, a B A s, and B s for spot welds, when the A awi, B awi for weld arc welding, fracture limit line equation of the spot weld (2), the arc welding unit The individual breaking limit line equation (3) is obtained.
ε CRs = A s + σ triax ^ B s (2)
ε CRawai = A awi + σ triax ^ B awi (3)
Here, if for example, the type of welding wire is a three, i takes 1 to 3, individual fracture limit line becomes three and the ε CRaw1CRaw3.

<破断限界変換率算出過程S12>
破断限界変換率算出過程S12では、破断限界線導出過程S11で得たスポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数A、Bとアーク溶接部の個別の破断限界線の係数Aawi、Bawiから式(4)、式(5)を用いて個別の破断限界変換率RAawi、RBawiを計算する。
Aawi=Aawi/A (4)
Bawi=Bawi/B (5)
<Break limit conversion rate calculation process S12>
In the fracture limit conversion rate calculation process S12, the coefficients A s and B s of the fracture limit line of the spot weld and the coefficients A wai and B wai of the individual fracture limit lines of the arc weld obtained in the fracture limit line derivation process S11 are used. The individual breaking limit conversion factors R Aawi and R Bawa are calculated using the equations (4) and (5).
R Aawi = A awi / A s (4)
R Bawa = B ai / B s (5)

上記のように、アーク溶接部については複数ケースで個別に破断限界線を導出しているので、各ケースのそれぞれに対して個別の破断限界変換率RAawi及びRBawiが求まる。そこで、これらケースごとによる個別の破断限界変換率RAawi及びRBawiにおいてiがケースを意味する。すなわち、例えば溶接ワイヤが3種類(3ケース)の場合、iが1〜3をとり、個別の破断限界変換率はそれぞれRAaw1〜RAaw3、RBaw1〜RBaw3と表すことができる。 As described above, since the fracture limit lines are individually derived in a plurality of cases for the arc welded portion, the individual fracture limit conversion rates R Aawi and R Bawa can be obtained for each of the cases. Therefore, i means a case in the individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aawi and R Bawa for each of these cases. That is, for example, by welding if the wire is three (3 cases), i takes 1 to 3, the individual fracture limit conversion can be respectively expressed as R Aaw1 ~R Aaw3, R Baw1 ~R Baw3.

複数の個別の破断限界変換率RAawi、RBawiのそれぞれについて、横軸に溶接ワイヤ強度(引張強さ)を取って、縦軸に破断限界変換率をとって整理すると、図2のようなグラフを得ることができる。そしてワイヤ強度と複数のRAawiから直線近似により破断限界変換率RAawの関係式である式(6)を得る。また、ワイヤ強度と複数のRBawiから直線近似により破断限界変換率RBawの関係式である式(7)を得る。これらの直線近似は表計算ソフトで求めることができる。
Aaw=−s・T+t (6)
Baw=s・T+t (7)
ここで、破断限界変換率RAaw、破断限界変換率RBawは溶接ワイヤ強度に関連づけられた破断限界変換率であることを意味する。また、Tは溶接ワイヤ引張強さ(溶接ワイヤ強度)である。また、s、sは近似式の傾き、t、tは近似式におけるいわゆるy切片である。通常、これらは1E−9以上の値をとる。
For each of a plurality of individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aawi and R Bawa , the welding wire strength (tensile strength) is taken on the horizontal axis and the breaking limit conversion rate is taken on the vertical axis, as shown in FIG. You can get the graph. Then, the equation (6), which is a relational expression of the breaking limit conversion rate R Aaw , is obtained from the wire strength and the plurality of R Aawi by linear approximation. Further, the equation (7), which is a relational expression of the breaking limit conversion rate R Baw , is obtained from the wire strength and the plurality of R Bawi by linear approximation. These linear approximations can be obtained with spreadsheet software.
R Aaw = -s A・ T S + t A (6)
R Baw = s B · T S + t B (7)
Here, the breaking limit conversion rate R Aaw and the breaking limit conversion rate R Baw mean that they are the breaking limit conversion rates associated with the welding wire strength. Further, T S is the welding wire tensile strength (welding wire strength). Further, s A and s B are slopes of the approximate expression, and t A and t B are so-called y intercepts in the approximate expression. Usually, they take a value of 1E-9 or higher.

このように、破断限界変換率算出過程S12により、破断限界線導出過程S11で得たスポット溶接部、及び、アーク溶接部の破断限界線から、溶接ワイヤ強度に関連づけられた破断限界変換率を得ることができる。 In this way, the fracture limit conversion rate related to the welding wire strength is obtained from the spot welded portion and the arc welded portion fracture limit line obtained in the fracture limit line derivation process S11 by the fracture limit conversion rate calculation process S12. be able to.

<破断限界線算出過程S13>
破断限界線算出過程S13では、評価対象となるアーク溶接部に使用した(使用する)溶接ワイヤの引張強さTを上記の式(6)、式(7)に代入して破断限界変換率RAaw、RBawを計算する。
ここで、式(4)、式(5)に基づく下記式(8)、式(9)に対して、得られた破断限界変換率RAaw、RBawを代入することで、評価対象のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を表す累乗関数の近似式である式(1)の係数A、Bを係数Aaw、Bawとして得る。
aw=A・RAaw (8)
aw=B・RBaw (9)
そして式(1)のAにAaw、BにBawを代入することにより当該アーク溶接部の破断限界線を得ることができる。すなわち、次の式(10)である
εCRaw=A・RAaw+σtriax^(B・RBaw) (10)
式(10)からわかるように、既知のスポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数A、Bから、溶接ワイヤ強度に関連づけられたアーク溶接部の破断限界変換率RAaw、RBawを用いることで、任意のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を得ることができる。
<Break limit line calculation process S13>
In fracture limit line calculation process S13, evaluation target (used) was used in the arc welding unit comprising tensile strength T S the above equation of the welding wire (6), rupture limit conversion into Equation (7) Calculate R Aaw and R Baw.
Here, by substituting the obtained fracture limit conversion factors R Aaw and R Baw for the following equations (8) and (9) based on the equations (4) and (5), the arc to be evaluated The coefficients A and B of the equation (1), which is an approximate expression of the power function representing the breaking limit line of the welded portion, are obtained as the coefficients A aw and B aw.
A aw = A s · R Aaw (8)
B aw = B s · R Baw (9)
Then, by substituting A aw for A and B aw for B in the equation (1), the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion can be obtained. That is, the following equation (10) ε CRaw = A s · R Aaw + σ triax ^ (B s · R Baw) (10)
As can be seen from equation (10), the coefficient A s of known spot welds of the fracture limit line, the B s, rupture limit conversion of the arc welding unit associated with the welding wire strength R AAW, the use of R Baw Therefore, the breaking limit line of any arc welded portion can be obtained.

[溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S20]
図3には他の形態の溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S20の流れを示した。破断限界線算出方法S20では、さらに冷却速度を考慮した溶接部の破断限界線を算出することが可能である。破断限界線算出方法S20は、破断限界線導出過程S21、破断限界変換率算出過程S22、及び、破断限界線算出過程S23を有している。
[Method of calculating the breaking limit line of the welded portion S20]
FIG. 3 shows the flow of the fracture limit line calculation method S20 for the welded portion of another form. In the fracture limit line calculation method S20, it is possible to further calculate the fracture limit line of the welded portion in consideration of the cooling rate. The breaking limit line calculation method S20 includes a breaking limit line derivation process S21, a breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S22, and a breaking limit line calculation process S23.

<破断限界線導出過程S21>
破断限界線導出過程S21では、上記破断限界線導出過程S11に倣って、超小型試験片の引張試験技術を用いてスポット溶接部、並びに、溶接ワイヤを変え(基準溶接ワイヤ、及び、これとは異なる溶接ワイヤ)、及び、冷却速度が共通(「基準冷却速度」とする。)として得た複数のアーク溶接部の個別の破断限界線を導出する。
これに加え、破断限界線導出過程S21では、基準溶接ワイヤを用いて冷却速度が基準冷却速度とは異なる2ケース以上の個別の破断限界線を導出する。冷却速度が異なる破断限界線も溶接ワイヤが異なる破断限界線と同様に式(11)のように破断ひずみ(εCRc)と応力三軸度(σtriax)の関係を冷却速度ごとに個別に累乗関数で近似して個別の破断限界線を得る。
εCRaci=Aaci+σtriax^Baci (11)
ここでAaci、Baciは冷却速度による破断限界線の係数である。例えば冷却速度の種類が3種類であれば、iが1〜3をとり、個別の破断限界線は、εCRac1〜εCRac3の3つとなる。
<Break limit line derivation process S21>
In the breaking limit line derivation process S21, the spot welded portion and the welding wire are changed by using the tensile test technique of the ultra-small test piece according to the breaking limit line derivation process S11 (reference welding wire and what is this? Different welding wires) and individual fracture limit lines of a plurality of arc welds obtained with a common cooling rate (referred to as “reference cooling rate”) are derived.
In addition to this, in the breaking limit line derivation process S21, two or more individual breaking limit lines whose cooling rate is different from the reference cooling rate are derived using the reference welding wire. Fracture limit lines with different cooling rates also have different welding wires. Similar to the fracture limit lines with different welding wires , the relationship between breaking strain (ε CRc ) and stress triaxiality (σ triax ) is individually multiplied for each cooling rate as shown in equation (11). Approximate with a function to obtain individual breaking limit lines.
ε CRaci = A aci + σ triax ^ B aci (11)
Here, A ci and B a ci are coefficients of the breaking limit line depending on the cooling rate. For example, if the type of the cooling rate is 3 kinds, i takes 1 to 3, individual fracture limit line becomes three and the ε CRac1CRac3.

従って本形態では、破断限界線導出過程S21では、式(2)で表されるスポット溶接部の破断限界線、式(3)で表される異なる溶接ワイヤごとのアーク溶接部の複数の個別の破断限界線、及び、式(11)で表される、異なる冷却速度ごとのアーク溶接部の複数の個別の破断限界線を得る。
εCRs=A+σtriax^B (2)
εCRawi=Aawi+σtriax^Bawi (3)
εCRaci=Aaci+σtriax^Baci (11)
Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the breaking limit line derivation process S21, the breaking limit line of the spot welded portion represented by the formula (2) and a plurality of individual arc welded portions for each different welding wire represented by the formula (3). A fracture limit line and a plurality of individual fracture limit lines of arc welds for different cooling rates are obtained, which are represented by the formula (11).
ε CRs = A s + σ triax ^ B s (2)
ε CRawai = A awi + σ triax ^ B awi (3)
ε CRaci = A aci + σ triax ^ B aci (11)

<破断限界変換率算出過程S22>
破断限界変換率算出過程S22では、初めに破断限界変換率算出過程S11に倣って、式(6)、式(7)を得る。すなわち、溶接ワイヤ強度に関連づけられたアーク溶接部における破断限界変換率RAaw、破断限界変換率RBawを得る。
Aaw=−s・T+t (6)
Baw=s・T+t (7)
<Break limit conversion rate calculation process S22>
In the breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S22, first, equations (6) and (7) are obtained following the breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S11. That is, the breaking limit conversion rate R Aaw and the breaking limit conversion rate R Baw in the arc welded portion, which are related to the strength of the welding wire, are obtained.
R Aaw = -s A・ T S + t A (6)
R Baw = s B · T S + t B (7)

さらに、破断限界変換率算出過程S22では、次のようにしてアーク溶接部における冷却速度に関連づけられた破断限界変化率RAac、及び、破断限界変化率RBacを得る。
上記破断限界線導出過程S21で導出した溶接ワイヤを変更した条件による複数の個別の破断限界線(式(3))のうち、基準溶接ワイヤ、及び、基準冷却速度による破断限界線の係数Aawi及びBawiをそれぞれ基準係数Aa_base、基準係数Ba_baseとする。
そして、冷却速度を変更して式(11)で得られた個別の破断限界線の係数Aaci、係数Baciにより、式(12)、式(13)で冷却速度の異なるケースごとに複数の個別の破断限界変換率RAaci、個別の破断限界変換率RBaciを得る。
Aaci=Aaci/Aa_base (12)
Baci=Baci/Ba_base (13)
ここで例えば冷却速度が3種類であれば、iが1〜3をとり、個別の破断限界変換率はRAac1〜RAac3、RBac1〜RBac3となる。
Further, in the breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S22, the breaking limit change rate R Aac and the breaking limit change rate R Bac associated with the cooling rate in the arc welded portion are obtained as follows.
Of the plurality of individual breaking limit lines (Equation (3)) under the condition that the welding wire derived in the above-mentioned breaking limit line derivation process S21 is changed, the reference welding wire and the coefficient Awai of the breaking limit line according to the reference cooling rate And B wai are the reference coefficient A a_base and the reference coefficient B a_base , respectively.
Then, by changing the cooling rate and using the coefficients A aci and the coefficient B aci of the individual breaking limit lines obtained by the equation (11), a plurality of cases having different cooling rates in the equations (12) and (13) are used. The individual breaking limit conversion factor R Aaci and the individual breaking limit conversion factor R Baci are obtained.
R Aaci = A aci / A a_base (12)
R Baci = B aci / B a_base (13)
Here, for example, if there are three types of cooling rates, i takes 1 to 3, and the individual breaking limit conversion rates are R Aac1 to R Aac3 and R Bac1 to R Bac3 .

次に、複数の個別の破断限界変換率RAaci、RBaciのそれぞれについて、横軸に冷却速度を取って、縦軸に破断限界変換率をとって整理すると、図4のようなグラフを得ることができる。そして冷却速度と複数のRAaciから近似線により破断限界変換率RAacの関係式である式(14)を得る。また、冷却速度と複数のRBaciから近似線により破断限界変換率RBacの関係式である式(15)を得る。これらの近似式は表計算ソフトで求めることができる。これが冷却速度に関連づけられた破断限界変化率RAac、及び、破断限界変化率RBacとなる。
Aac=−u・ln(C)+v (14)
Bac=u・ln(C)−v (15)
ここで、Cはアーク溶接部の冷却速度、u、v、u、vはパラメータであり、0.001以上である。なお、「冷却速度」とは溶接プロセスにおけるアーク溶接部の冷却速度であり、一般には、800℃から500℃までの冷却時の秒あたりの温度差分(℃/s)で表すことが多い。また、冷却時の温度は放射温度計などによる測定で求めることができる。
Next, for each of the plurality of individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aaci and R Baci , the cooling rate is taken on the horizontal axis and the breaking limit conversion rate is taken on the vertical axis, and a graph as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. be able to. Then, the equation (14), which is a relational expression of the breaking limit conversion rate RAac , is obtained from the cooling rate and a plurality of RAaci by an approximate line. Further, the equation (15), which is a relational expression of the breaking limit conversion rate R Bac , is obtained from the cooling rate and a plurality of R Baci by an approximation line. These approximate expressions can be obtained with spreadsheet software. These are the breaking limit change rate R Aac and the breaking limit change rate R Bac associated with the cooling rate.
R Aac = -u A · ln ( C r) + v A (14)
R Bac = u B · ln ( Cr ) -v B (15)
Here, Cr is the cooling rate of the arc welded portion, and u A , v A , u B , and v B are parameters, which are 0.001 or more. The "cooling rate" is the cooling rate of the arc welded portion in the welding process, and is generally expressed by the temperature difference (° C./s) per second during cooling from 800 ° C. to 500 ° C. Further, the cooling temperature can be obtained by measurement with a radiation thermometer or the like.

<破断限界線算出過程S23>
破断限界線算出過程S23では、破断限界線算出過程S13に倣って、溶接ワイヤに基づくアーク溶接部の破断限界線(式(10))を得る。
εCRaw=A・RAaw+σtriax^(B・RBaw) (10)
<Break limit line calculation process S23>
In the fracture limit line calculation process S23, the fracture limit line (formula (10)) of the arc welded portion based on the welding wire is obtained according to the fracture limit line calculation process S13.
ε CRaw = A s · R Aaw + σ triax ^ (B s · R Baw) (10)

これに加えて、破断限界線算出過程S23では、評価対象となるアーク溶接部に適用した(適用する)冷却速度Cを上記の式(14)、式(15)に代入して破断限界変換率RAac、RBacを計算する。
そして、式(12)、式(13)に倣った下記式(16)、式(17)に対して、得られた破断限界変換率RAac、RBacを代入することで、評価対象のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を表す累乗関数の近似式である式(1)の係数A、Bを係数Aac、Bacとして得る。
ac=Aa_base・RAac (16)
ac=Ba_base・RBac (17)
そして式(1)のAにAac、BにBacを代入することにより当該アーク溶接部の破断限界線を得ることができる。すなわち、次の式(18)である。
εCRac=Aa_base・RAac+σtriax^(Ba_base・RBac) (18)
In addition to this, in the fracture limit line calculation process S23, the cooling rate Cr applied (applied) to the arc welded portion to be evaluated is substituted into the above equations (14) and (15) to convert the fracture limit. Calculate the rates R Aac and R Bac.
Then, by substituting the obtained fracture limit conversion coefficients R Aac and R Bac into the following equations (16) and (17) following the equations (12) and (13), the arc to be evaluated The coefficients A and B of the equation (1), which is an approximate equation of the power function representing the breaking limit line of the welded portion, are obtained as the coefficients A ac and B ac.
A ac = A a_base · R Aac (16)
B ac = B a_base · R Bac (17)
Then, by substituting A ac for A and B ac for B in the equation (1), the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion can be obtained. That is, it is the following equation (18).
ε CRac = A a_base · R Aac + σ triax ^ (B a_base · R Bac ) (18)

式(18)からわかるように既知のアーク溶接の係数Aa_base、Ba_baseから、冷却速度に関連づけられた破断限界変換率RAac、RBacを用いることで、任意のアーク溶接の破断限界線を得ることができる。 As can be seen from the equation (18), from the known arc welding coefficients A a_base and B a_base , the breaking limit line of any arc welding can be obtained by using the breaking limit conversion rates R Aac and R Bac associated with the cooling rate. Obtainable.

以上の破断限界線算出方法S20によれば、アーク溶接部について、溶接ワイヤの種類に加え、アーク溶接部の冷却速度も考慮することが可能となる。 According to the above-mentioned breaking limit line calculation method S20, it is possible to consider the cooling rate of the arc welded portion in addition to the type of welding wire for the arc welded portion.

[破断限界線算出装置10]
図5は、上記したアーク溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10に沿って具体的に演算を行う1つの形態にかかる溶接部の破断限界線算出装置10の構成を概念的に表した図である。溶接部の破断限界線算出装置10は、入力手段11、演算装置12、及び表示手段18を有している。そして演算装置12は、演算手段13、RAM14、記憶手段15、受信手段16、及び出力手段17を備えている。また、入力手段11にはキーボード11a、マウス11b、及び記憶媒体の1つとして機能する外部記憶装置11cが含まれている。
[Break limit line calculation device 10]
FIG. 5 is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the fracture limit line calculation device 10 for the welded portion according to one form in which the calculation is specifically performed according to the above-mentioned fracture limit line calculation method S10 for the arc welded portion. .. The fracture limit line calculation device 10 of the welded portion includes an input means 11, an arithmetic unit 12, and a display means 18. The arithmetic unit 12 includes an arithmetic unit 13, a RAM 14, a storage unit 15, a receiving unit 16, and an output unit 17. Further, the input means 11 includes a keyboard 11a, a mouse 11b, and an external storage device 11c that functions as one of the storage media.

演算手段13は、いわゆるCPU(中央演算子)により構成されており、上記した各構成部材に接続され、これらを制御することができる手段である。また、記憶媒体として機能する記憶手段15等に記憶された各種プログラム15aを実行し、これに基づいて上記した溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10の各処理のためのデータ生成やデータベースからのデータの選択をする手段として演算をおこなうのも演算手段13である。 The calculation means 13 is composed of a so-called CPU (central operator), is a means that can be connected to each of the above-mentioned constituent members and can control them. Further, various programs 15a stored in the storage means 15 or the like functioning as a storage medium are executed, and based on this, data is generated for each process of the above-mentioned welding portion breaking limit line calculation method S10 and data from the database. It is also the calculation means 13 that performs the calculation as a means for selecting the above.

RAM14は、演算手段13の作業領域や一時的なデータの記憶手段として機能する構成部材である。RAM14は、SRAM、DRAM、フラッシュメモリ等で構成することができ、公知のRAMと同様である。 The RAM 14 is a component that functions as a work area of the arithmetic means 13 and a temporary data storage means. The RAM 14 can be composed of an SRAM, a DRAM, a flash memory, or the like, and is the same as a known RAM.

記憶手段15は、各種演算の根拠となるプログラムやデータが保存される記憶媒体として機能する部材である。また記憶手段15には、プログラムの実行により得られた中間、最終の各種結果を保存することができてもよい。より具体的には記憶手段15には、プログラムが記憶(保存)されている。またその他情報も併せて保存されていてもよい。 The storage means 15 is a member that functions as a storage medium for storing programs and data that are the basis of various operations. Further, the storage means 15 may be able to store various intermediate and final results obtained by executing the program. More specifically, the program is stored (stored) in the storage means 15. In addition, other information may also be stored.

ここで、保存されているプログラムには、上記した溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10の各処理を演算する根拠となるプログラムが含まれる。すなわち、プログラムは、図1に示した溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10の各過程に対応するように、破断限界線導出ステップ、破断限界変換率算出ステップ、及び、破断限界線算出ステップを含んでいる。このプログラムの具体的な演算内容は上記した溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10で説明した通りである。 Here, the stored program includes a program that serves as a basis for calculating each process of the above-mentioned fracture limit line calculation method S10 of the welded portion. That is, the program includes a fracture limit line derivation step, a fracture limit conversion rate calculation step, and a fracture limit line calculation step so as to correspond to each process of the fracture limit line calculation method S10 of the welded portion shown in FIG. I'm out. The specific calculation contents of this program are as described in the above-mentioned fracture limit line calculation method S10 of the welded portion.

より具体的には、破断限界線導出ステップでは、超小型試験片の引張試験の試験結果を取り込んで、式(2)、式(3)を算出する。
破断限界変換率算出ステップでは、得られた式(2)、式(3)に基づいて式(4)〜式(7)を算出する。このとき、プログラムとして破断限界線算出装置10に組み込まれている表計算ソフトウエアが用いられてもよい。ここで使われる溶接ワイヤの引張試験の引張強さは、実験結果を取り込む形でもよいし、予め得られて記憶手段15に保存してある溶接ワイヤの種類ごとの引張強さデータベースを適用する形でもよい。
破断限界線算出ステップでは破断限界変換率算出ステップで得られた変換率を用いて式(8)〜式(10)を得て任意のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出することができる。
More specifically, in the breaking limit line derivation step, the test results of the tensile test of the ultra-small test piece are taken in, and equations (2) and (3) are calculated.
In the breaking limit conversion rate calculation step, equations (4) to (7) are calculated based on the obtained equations (2) and (3). At this time, spreadsheet software incorporated in the breaking limit line calculation device 10 may be used as a program. The tensile strength of the welding wire tensile test used here may be a form in which the experimental results are taken in, or a form in which a tensile strength database for each type of welding wire obtained in advance and stored in the storage means 15 is applied. It may be.
In the breaking limit line calculation step, the breaking limit line of an arbitrary arc welded portion can be calculated by obtaining equations (8) to (10) using the conversion rate obtained in the breaking limit conversion rate calculation step.

受信手段16は、外部からの情報を演算装置12に適切に取り入れるための機能を有する構成部材であり、入力手段11が接続される。いわゆる入力ポート、入力コネクタ等もこれに含まれる。 The receiving means 16 is a component having a function for appropriately incorporating information from the outside into the arithmetic unit 12, and the input means 11 is connected to the receiving means 16. This includes so-called input ports, input connectors, and the like.

出力手段17は、得られた結果のうち外部に出力すべき情報を適切に外部に出力する機能を有する構成部材であり、モニター等の表示手段18や各種装置がここに接続される。いわゆる出力ポート、出力コネクタ等もこれに含まれる。 The output means 17 is a component having a function of appropriately outputting information to be output to the outside among the obtained results, and a display means 18 such as a monitor and various devices are connected thereto. This includes so-called output ports, output connectors, and the like.

入力装置11には、例えばキーボード11a、マウス11b、外部記憶装置11c等が含まれる。キーボード11a、マウス11bは公知のものを用いることができ、説明は省略する。
外部記憶装置11cは、公知の外部接続可能な記憶手段であり、記憶媒体としても機能する。ここには特に限定されることなく、必要とされる各種プログラム、データを記憶させておくことができる。例えば上記した記憶手段15と同様のプログラム、データがここに記憶されていても良い。
外部記憶装置11cとしては、公知の装置を用いることができる。これには例えばCD−ROM及びCD−ROMドライブ、DVD及びDVDドライブ、ハードディスク、各種メモリ等を挙げることができる。
The input device 11 includes, for example, a keyboard 11a, a mouse 11b, an external storage device 11c, and the like. Known keyboards 11a and mice 11b can be used, and the description thereof will be omitted.
The external storage device 11c is a known externally connectable storage means, and also functions as a storage medium. Various required programs and data can be stored here without particular limitation. For example, the same program and data as the above-mentioned storage means 15 may be stored here.
As the external storage device 11c, a known device can be used. Examples thereof include CD-ROMs and CD-ROM drives, DVD and DVD drives, hard disks, various memories, and the like.

また、その他、ネットワークや通信により受信手段16を介して演算装置に情報が提供されてもよい。同様にネットワークや通信により出力手段17を介して外部の機器に情報を送信することができてもよい。 In addition, information may be provided to the arithmetic unit via the receiving means 16 via a network or communication. Similarly, information may be transmitted to an external device via the output means 17 via a network or communication.

このような溶接部の破断限界線算出装置10によれば、上記説明したアーク溶接による溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10を効率的に精度よく行なうことが可能となる。このような溶接部の破断限界線算出装置10としては例えばコンピュータを用いることができる。
また、溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S20についても同様である。
According to the fracture limit line calculation device 10 for the welded portion, the fracture limit line calculation method S10 for the welded portion by arc welding described above can be performed efficiently and accurately. For example, a computer can be used as the fracture limit line calculation device 10 for such a welded portion.
The same applies to the method S20 for calculating the breaking limit line of the welded portion.

以下、実施例により、溶接部の破断限界線算出方法について、より詳しく説明する。本実施例は溶接部の破断限界線算出方法S10に基づく。 Hereinafter, the method of calculating the fracture limit line of the welded portion will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. This embodiment is based on the fracture limit line calculation method S10 of the welded portion.

<破断限界線の算出>
評価対象の鋼板は980MPa級とし、破断限界線導出過程S11について式(2)により、スポット溶接部の破断限界線(εCRs)を得た。次に、アーク溶接部については、溶接ワイヤを490MPa級、590MPa級、780MPa級の3種類を用いて式(3)よりそれぞれアーク溶接部から3つ(i=3)の個別の破断限界線(εCRaw1〜εCRaw3)を求めた。
<Calculation of breaking limit line>
The steel sheet to be evaluated was of the 980 MPa class, and the fracture limit lines (ε CRs ) of the spot welded portion were obtained by the equation (2) for the fracture limit line derivation process S11. Next, for the arc welded portion, three types of welding wires of 490 MPa class, 590 MPa class, and 780 MPa class are used, and three (i = 3) individual breaking limit lines (i = 3) from the arc welded portion are obtained from the formula (3). I was asked to ε CRaw1CRaw3).

破断限界変換率算出過程S12では、式(4)、式(5)から、490MPa級、590MPa級、780MPaの溶接ワイヤにそれぞれについて個別の破断限界変換率RAawi、RBawiを計算した。すなわち、490MPa級の溶接ワイヤ条件について個別の破断限界変換率RAaw1、RBaw1、590MPa級の溶接ワイヤ条件について個別の破断限界変換率RAaw2、RBaw2、780MPa級の溶接ワイヤ条件について個別の破断限界変換率RAaw3、RBaw3を算出した。 In the breaking limit conversion rate calculation process S12, individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aawi and R Bawa were calculated for each of the welding wires of 490 MPa class, 590 MPa class, and 780 MPa from the formulas (4) and (5). That is, individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aaw1 , R Baw1 for 490 MPa class welding wire conditions, and individual breaking limit conversion rates R Aaw2 , R Baw2 , 780 MPa class welding wire conditions for 590 MPa class welding wire conditions. The marginal conversion rates R Aaw3 and R Baw3 were calculated.

次に表計算ソフトを用いて近似式(6)、近似式(7)の係数を、s=0.0014、t=2.622、s=5e−9、t=0.5265と求めた。すなわち、次の式を得た。
Aaw=−0.0014・T+2.622
Baw=5e−9・T+0.5265
Next, using spreadsheet software, the coefficients of the approximate formula (6) and the approximate formula (7) are set to s A = 0.0014, t A = 2.622, s B = 5e-9, t B = 0.5265. I asked. That is, the following equation was obtained.
R Aaw = -0.0014 · T S +2.622
R Baw = 5e-9 · T S +0.5265

破断限界線算出過程13では、980MPa級の溶接ワイヤを用いたアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出した。そのため、まず、近似式(6)、近似式(7)に溶接ワイヤの引張強さT=980を代入し、破断限界変換率RAaw、RBawを計算した。
次に、式(8)、式(9)より980MPa級の溶接ワイヤを用いたアーク溶接部の破断限界線の係数Aaw、Bawを算出し、これを式(10)に代入し、破断限界線を得た。
εCRaw=2.89+σtriax^−0.78
In the breaking limit line calculation process 13, the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion using the 980 MPa class welding wire was calculated. Therefore, first, the approximate expression (6), by substituting the tensile strength T S = 980 of the welding wire to the approximate expression (7), rupture limit conversion R AAW, was calculated R Baw.
Next, the coefficients A aw and B aw of the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion using the 980 MPa class welding wire were calculated from the equations (8) and (9), and these were substituted into the equation (10) for fracture. I got the limit line.
ε CRaw = 2.89 + σ triax ^ -0.78

<検証>
アーク溶接継手の引張試験FEM解析モデルに対して、上記で求めたアーク溶接部の破断限界線(εCRaw=2.89+σtriax^−0.78)を適用し精度を検証した。図6には重ねすみ肉溶接継手の引張試験解析モデル20を表した。図6(a)はモデル全体、図6(b)はアーク溶接部21の近傍を表している。このアーク溶接部21に、上記求めた破断限界線(εCRaw=2.89+σtriax^−0.78)を設定した。
<Verification>
Tensile test of arc welded joint The accuracy was verified by applying the fracture limit line (ε CRaw = 2.89 + σ triax ^ −0.78) of the arc welded part obtained above to the FEM analysis model. FIG. 6 shows a tensile test analysis model 20 of a fillet welded joint. FIG. 6A shows the entire model, and FIG. 6B shows the vicinity of the arc welded portion 21. The fracture limit line (ε CRaw = 2.89 + σ triax ^ −0.78) obtained above was set in the arc welded portion 21.

引張試験解析モデル20は板幅方向1/2の対称形でモデル化をしたものである。熱影響部22、母材部23にも既存の破断限界線を設定、モデル全体にはヤング率206GPa、ポアソン比0.3、各部位(アーク溶接部21、熱影響部22、母材部23)にはそれらに対応する破断限界線を設定し、鋼板の片側端部24を完全拘束、もう片方の端部25に引張負荷を付与した。 The tensile test analysis model 20 is modeled in a symmetrical shape in the plate width direction 1/2. Existing breaking limit lines are also set for the heat-affected zone 22 and the base material 23, and the Young's modulus of 206 GPa, Poisson's ratio of 0.3, and each part (arc welded zone 21, heat-affected zone 22, base material 23) are set for the entire model. ), A breaking limit line corresponding to them was set, one end 24 of the steel sheet was completely restrained, and a tensile load was applied to the other end 25.

図7に解析結果(a)と同条件の引張試験結果(b)の破断部位を示した。本解析では破断限界線に到達した要素を削除して破断による剛性低下を再現しており、解析結果は試験結果と破断部位が一致した。
図8には解析結果と同条件の引張試験結果の最大荷重を示した。解析結果は試験結果と良好に対応しており、本発明によれば、アーク溶接部の破断限界線が未測定の溶接ワイヤについても、超小型試験片の引張試験技術を省略して、破断限界線を精度よく算出できることが分かった。
FIG. 7 shows the fracture site of the tensile test result (b) under the same conditions as the analysis result (a). In this analysis, the element that reached the fracture limit line was deleted to reproduce the decrease in rigidity due to fracture, and the analysis result was consistent with the test result at the fracture site.
FIG. 8 shows the maximum load of the tensile test result under the same conditions as the analysis result. The analysis result corresponds well with the test result, and according to the present invention, even for a welded wire in which the breaking limit line of the arc welded portion has not been measured, the breaking limit is omitted by omitting the tensile test technique of the ultra-small test piece. It was found that the line can be calculated accurately.

10 溶接部の破断限界線算出装置
11 入力手段
12 演算装置
18 表示手段
20 引張試験解析モデル
21 溶接部
22 熱影響部
23 母材部
S10、S20 溶接部の破断限界線算出方法
S11、S21 破断限界線導出過程
S12、S22 破断限界変換率算出方法
S13、S23 破断限界線算出過程
10 Welded part break limit line calculation device 11 Input means 12 Calculation device 18 Display means 20 Tensile test analysis model 21 Weld part 22 Heat-affected zone 23 Base material part S10, S20 Welded part break limit line calculation method S11, S21 Break limit Line derivation process S12, S22 Breaking limit conversion rate calculation method S13, S23 Breaking limit line calculation process

Claims (5)

アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する方法であって、
スポット溶接部の破断限界線、及び、溶接ワイヤの種類が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出する破断限界線導出過程と、
前記スポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数、及び、複数の前記アーク溶接部の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、前記溶接ワイヤの引張強さと前記破断限界変換率との関係を定式化する破断限界変換率算出過程と、
評価対象となるアーク溶接部に用いる溶接ワイヤの引張強さから前記定式化した式より破断限界変換率を計算し、計算した当該破断限界変換率及び前記スポット溶接部の破断限界線の前記係数から、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する破断限界線算出過程と、を有する溶接部の破断限界線算出方法。
It is a method of calculating the fracture limit line of the arc welded part.
The rupture limit line of the spot weld and the rupture limit line derivation process of deriving the rupture limit line of multiple arc welds under different conditions of the welding wire.
Using the coefficient of the breaking limit line of the spot welded portion and the coefficient of the breaking limit line of the plurality of arc welded portions, a plurality of breaking limit conversion rates are calculated, and the tensile strength of the welding wire and the breaking limit conversion are calculated. The process of calculating the breaking limit conversion rate, which formulates the relationship with the rate,
The fracture limit conversion rate is calculated from the above-formulated formula from the tensile strength of the welding wire used for the arc welded portion to be evaluated, and from the calculated fracture limit conversion rate and the coefficient of the fracture limit line of the spot welded portion. A method for calculating a breaking limit line of a welded portion, which comprises a breaking limit line calculating process for calculating a breaking limit line of an arc welded portion to be evaluated.
前記破断限界線導出過程では、さらに冷却速度が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出し、
前記破断限界変換率算出過程では、さらに、基準とする冷却速度における前記破断限界線の係数、及び、前記基準とする冷却速度とは異なる前記冷却速度における複数の前記破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、冷却速度と当該破断限界変換率との関係を定式化し、
前記破断限界線算出過程では、さらに、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部における冷却速度から前記定式化した式により破断限界変換率を計算し、当該破断限界変換率及び前記基準とする冷却速度における前記破断限界線の前記係数から、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する、請求項1に記載の溶接部の破断限界線算出方法。
In the process of deriving the fracture limit line, the fracture limit lines of a plurality of arc welded portions under conditions having different cooling rates are further derived.
In the process of calculating the breaking limit conversion rate, the coefficient of the breaking limit line at the reference cooling rate and the coefficients of the plurality of breaking limit lines at the cooling rate different from the reference cooling rate are further used. , Calculate multiple breaking limit conversion rates and formulate the relationship between the cooling rate and the breaking limit conversion rate.
In the process of calculating the breaking limit line, the breaking limit conversion rate is further calculated from the cooling rate at the arc welded portion to be evaluated by the above-formulated formula, and the breaking limit conversion rate and the reference cooling rate are described. The method for calculating a fracture limit line of a welded portion according to claim 1, wherein the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated is calculated from the coefficient of the fracture limit line.
アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出するプログラムであって、
スポット溶接部の破断限界線、及び、溶接ワイヤの種類が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出する破断限界線導出ステップと、
前記スポット溶接部の破断限界線の係数、及び、複数の前記アーク溶接部の破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、前記溶接ワイヤの引張強さと前記破断限界変換率との関係を定式化する破断限界変換率算出ステップと、
評価対象となるアーク溶接部に用いる溶接ワイヤの引張強さから前記定式化した式より破断限界変換率を計算し、計算した当該破断限界変換率及び前記スポット溶接部の破断限界線の前記係数から、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する破断限界線算出ステップと、を有する溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラム。
It is a program that calculates the breaking limit line of the arc welded part.
The rupture limit line of the spot weld and the rupture limit line derivation step of deriving the rupture limit line of a plurality of arc welds under different conditions of the welding wire.
Using the coefficient of the breaking limit line of the spot welded portion and the coefficient of the breaking limit line of the plurality of arc welded portions, a plurality of breaking limit conversion rates are calculated, and the tensile strength of the welding wire and the breaking limit conversion are calculated. Break limit conversion rate calculation step to formulate the relationship with the rate,
The fracture limit conversion rate is calculated from the above-formulated formula from the tensile strength of the welding wire used for the arc welded portion to be evaluated, and from the calculated fracture limit conversion rate and the coefficient of the fracture limit line of the spot welded portion. , A fracture limit line calculation program for a welded portion, comprising a fracture limit line calculation step for calculating a fracture limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated.
前記破断限界線導出ステップでは、さらに冷却速度が異なる条件による複数のアーク溶接部の破断限界線を導出し、
前記破断限界変換率算出ステップでは、さらに、基準とする冷却速度における前記破断限界線の係数、及び、前記基準とする冷却速度とは異なる前記冷却速度における複数の前記破断限界線の係数を用いて、複数の破断限界変換率を計算し、冷却速度と当該破断限界変換率との関係を定式化し、
前記破断限界線算出ステップでは、さらに、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部における冷却速度から前記定式化した式により破断限界変換率を計算し、当該破断限界変換率及び前記基準とする冷却速度における前記破断限界線の前記係数から、前記評価対象となるアーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する、請求項3に記載の溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラム。
In the breaking limit line derivation step, the breaking limit lines of a plurality of arc welded portions under conditions having different cooling rates are further derived.
In the breaking limit conversion rate calculation step, the coefficient of the breaking limit line at the reference cooling rate and the coefficients of the plurality of breaking limit lines at the cooling rate different from the reference cooling rate are further used. , Calculate multiple breaking limit conversion rates and formulate the relationship between the cooling rate and the breaking limit conversion rate.
In the breaking limit line calculation step, the breaking limit conversion rate is further calculated from the cooling rate at the arc welded portion to be evaluated by the formula, and the breaking limit conversion rate and the reference cooling rate are described. The fracture limit line calculation program for a welded portion according to claim 3, wherein the fracture limit line of the arc welded portion to be evaluated is calculated from the coefficient of the fracture limit line.
アーク溶接部の破断限界線を算出する装置であって、
請求項3又は4に記載の溶接部の破断限界線算出プログラムが記憶された記憶手段と、
前記プログラムに基づいて演算を行う演算手段と、
前記演算手段により演算された結果を表示する表示手段と、を備え、
前記演算手段は、前記請求項3又は4に記載のステップにより演算が行われる、溶接部の破断限界線算出装置。
It is a device that calculates the breaking limit line of the arc welded part.
A storage means in which the fracture limit line calculation program for the welded portion according to claim 3 or 4 is stored, and
An arithmetic means that performs an operation based on the program and
A display means for displaying the result calculated by the calculation means is provided.
The calculation means is a fracture limit line calculation device for a welded portion, in which a calculation is performed according to the step according to claim 3 or 4.
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