JP2021023250A - Culture method of moss - Google Patents
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、苔の培養方法に関し、詳しくは、培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせることによって、培養効率を上げると共に、流通効率を高め、さらに販売規格に合った寸法形状に分断できる苔の培養方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for culturing moss, and more particularly to a method for culturing moss that can be divided into dimensions and shapes that meet sales standards by increasing the culture efficiency and distribution efficiency by stacking a plurality of culture trays. It is a thing.
従来における苔の培養方法は、その多くが生産面積として平面的な手段によって培養されていた。そのため、広い生産スペースを確保しなければならない上、生産効率の悪さが懸念され、出来上がった苔を運搬する際の流通効率も悪い、といった問題があった。そこで、省スペースでの培養が可能で生産効率及び流通効率の向上に資する苔の培養方法が望まれている。 Most of the conventional moss culturing methods have been cultivated by a flat means as a production area. Therefore, there is a problem that a large production space must be secured, there is a concern about poor production efficiency, and the distribution efficiency when transporting the finished moss is also poor. Therefore, there is a demand for a moss culturing method that enables space-saving culturing and contributes to improvement of production efficiency and distribution efficiency.
従来より、バラバラにならず、屋上、屋根、壁面等に貼り付けるときに労力を必要とせず、貼り付けたコケ植物が風雨等の影響を受けにくい、コケ植物を栽培することができる「ネットを使用したコケ植物の栽培方法」（特許文献１参照）が提案され、公知技術となっている。具体的には、容器内に各種のコケ植物に適した生育基盤材を平に敷き詰め、その上にコケ植物の蒔きゴケ法を実施し、又、その上にネットを被せたことからなるコケ植物の栽培方法である。 Conventionally, it is possible to cultivate moss plants that do not fall apart, do not require labor when pasted on rooftops, roofs, walls, etc., and the pasted moss plants are not easily affected by wind and rain. A method for cultivating moss plants used ”(see Patent Document 1) has been proposed and has become a known technique. Specifically, a moss plant consisting of laying a growth base material suitable for various moss plants flat in a container, implementing a moss plant sowing moss method on it, and covering it with a net. It is a cultivation method of.
しかしながら、上記「ネットを使用したコケ植物の栽培方法」の提案は、生育基盤材を平に敷き詰める手法を採ることから、生産手段において、広域的な生産スペースが必要とされると共に、その生産面積に対する生産性の効率に難があり、上記問題の解決には至っていない。 However, since the above-mentioned proposal of "cultivation method of moss plants using a net" adopts a method of laying a growth base material flat, a wide-area production space is required in the means of production and the production area thereof. There is a difficulty in productivity efficiency, and the above problem has not been solved yet.
また、発芽を揃え、培養効率をあげ、生産日数短縮、流通費削減を兼ね備えた「ウレタン千切培地」（特許文献２参照）が提案され、公知技術となっている。具体的には、気泡率９０％、遠赤外線５ミクロン以上で撥水性のあるウレタンマットを、苗培養トレーの流通企画サイズ、幅２５０ミリ、厚さ５０ミリ、長さ５００ミリのシート状にし、そこに２５ミリの正方形で高さ５０ミリの切り抜きと、中切込みをゼンマイ状に貫通させて切り抜き、正方形の部分は上部が全体に繋がるように、一部を少し残して切り抜き、正方形にできた培地を手でちぎり取れるような構造にして、そのマットをプラグ培養トレーに差し込んで固定し、固定されたマットシートは、２００個の育成培地になり、この複数の培地に播種機で種子を蒔き、発芽室で発芽させて育苗室で育苗するものである。 In addition, a "urethane shredded medium" (see Patent Document 2), which has uniform germination, increased culture efficiency, shortened production days, and reduced distribution costs, has been proposed and has become a known technique. Specifically, a urethane mat having a bubble ratio of 90% and a far infrared ray of 5 microns or more and water repellency is formed into a sheet having a seedling culture tray distribution plan size of 250 mm in width, 50 mm in thickness and 500 mm in length. There, a 25 mm square cutout with a height of 50 mm and a middle cut were cut out by penetrating it like a culture medium, and the square part was cut out leaving a little part so that the upper part could be connected to the whole, and it was made into a square. The medium was structured so that it could be torn off by hand, and the mat was inserted into a plug culture tray to fix it. The fixed mat sheet became 200 growth media, and seeds were sown in these multiple media with a seeder. , The seedlings are germinated in the germination room and raised in the nursery room.
しかしながら、上記における「ウレタン千切培地」提案は、単にウレタンマットを流通企画サイズの苗培養トレーに差し込む手法を採るものであって、生産手段において、該トレーを重ね合わせるのでなく平面的に並べる手法を採ることから、上記のコケ植物の栽培方法同様、広域的な生産スペースが必要とされると共に、その生産面積に対する生産性の効率に難があり、上記問題の解決には至っていない。 However, the above-mentioned "urethane shredded medium" proposal simply adopts a method of inserting a urethane mat into a seedling culture tray of a distribution planning size, and in the means of production, a method of arranging the trays in a plane instead of stacking them is used. As with the above-mentioned moss plant cultivation method, a wide-area production space is required, and there is a difficulty in productivity efficiency with respect to the production area, so that the above-mentioned problem has not been solved yet.
本出願人は、以上のような従来から提案されている苔の培養方法において、容器内に各種のコケ植物に適した生育基盤材を平に敷き詰め、その上にコケ植物の蒔く栽培方法に着目し、培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせた状態で苔の培養を行うことによって、培養効率を上げ、さらに流通効率を高めと共に、販売規格に合った寸法形状に分断できる苔の培養方法を開発し、本発明における「苔の培養方法」の提案に至るものである。 In the above-mentioned conventionally proposed moss culturing method, the applicant pays attention to a cultivation method in which a growth base material suitable for various moss plants is spread flat in a container and moss plants are sown on the growth base material. By culturing moss in a state where multiple culture trays are stacked, the culture efficiency is improved, the distribution efficiency is further improved, and a moss culture method that can be divided into dimensions and shapes that meet the sales standards has been developed. This leads to the proposal of the "moss culture method" in the present invention.
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、苔の培養効率及び生産効率並びに流通効率の向上に資すると共に、多品種の苔を同時且つ同所にて培養することが可能であって、しかも高品質の苔を均一に生産可能な苔の培養方法を提供することを課題とする。 In view of the above problems, the present invention contributes to the improvement of moss culture efficiency, production efficiency and distribution efficiency, and can cultivate various kinds of moss at the same time and in the same place, and has high quality. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing moss capable of uniformly producing moss.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、上面が全面開放され、側面には通気孔を形成し、底面には通水孔を形成した培養トレー内に生育基盤材を敷設して種苔を藩種し、該培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせた状態で所定環境下において培養させる手段を採る。 In order to solve the above problems, in the moss culturing method according to the present invention, a growth base material is laid in a culture tray in which the upper surface is fully opened, vent holes are formed on the side surfaces, and water passage holes are formed on the bottom surface. Then, the seed moss is seeded, and the culture trays are stacked in a plurality of stages and cultured in a predetermined environment.
また、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、前記培養トレー毎に、透水シート又は遮光シートを敷設若しくは被覆させた手段を採る。 Further, as the method for culturing moss according to the present invention, a means in which a water-permeable sheet or a light-shielding sheet is laid or covered for each culture tray is adopted.
さらに、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、前記培養トレーを重ね合わせた最上段に遮蔽蓋を被覆させた手段を採る。 Further, as the method for culturing moss according to the present invention, a means is adopted in which the uppermost stage in which the culture trays are stacked is covered with a shielding lid.
またさらに、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、前記所定環境下が、人工的に環境条件を創出可能な外界と仕切られた培養空間であって、散水、彩光、温度、湿度から選択される少なくとも一の環境設定機能が備えられて成る手段を採る。 Furthermore, the moss culturing method according to the present invention is a culturing space partitioned from the outside world in which environmental conditions can be artificially created under the predetermined environment, and is selected from watering, coloring, temperature, and humidity. Take measures that are equipped with at least one environment setting function.
さらにまた、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、前記培養空間に、自然光や雨、風といった自然環境条件を取り入れることができる開閉式扉が備えられている手段を採る。 Furthermore, the method for culturing moss according to the present invention employs a means in which the culture space is provided with an openable door capable of taking in natural environmental conditions such as natural light, rain, and wind.
そしてまた、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、前記培養空間における床面又は内壁面のいずれか一方若しくは両方に、光を反射する反射材が敷設されて成る手段を採る。 Further, the method for culturing moss according to the present invention employs a means in which a reflective material that reflects light is laid on either or both of the floor surface and the inner wall surface in the culture space.
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、上面が全面開放され、側面には通気孔を形成し、底面には通水孔を形成した培養トレー内に生育基盤材を敷設して種苔を藩種し、該培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせた状態で所定環境下において培養させることによって、培養効率を上げ、さらに流通効率を高めることできる、といった従来にない優れた効果を奏する。 According to the moss culture method according to the present invention, a growth base material is laid in a culture tray in which the upper surface is fully opened, vent holes are formed on the side surfaces, and water passage holes are formed on the bottom surface to spread seed moss. By seeding the clan and culturing the culture trays in a state where a plurality of stages are stacked in a predetermined environment, the culture efficiency can be improved and the distribution efficiency can be further improved, which is an unprecedented excellent effect.
また、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、透水シートをヤシ繊維や木砕片など植物由来の素材で形成することにより、種苔、又は生育基盤材が自然環境でも安定して保つことが出来るため、種苔が培養トレー内で均一に発芽し生育すると共に、その植物由来の透水シートを網目とすることで、網目の隙間から容易に種苔の芽が出やすいうえに、乾燥を防止するための発芽効率を上げることができ、さらに植物由来の素材で形成される糸は縒ってあるので、種苔の根が糸に入り込むため、透水シートその物が生育基盤材としての効果を有して、苔の生育を助長することができる。
また、容器から苔の根を切ることなく取り出すことができるため、苔を傷めずに庭園やビルの内壁や外壁に等に貼り付けることができ、且つ、植物由来の天然素材であるため、時間の経過とともに自然に回帰することができ、さらには、販売規格に合った寸法形状に容易に分断できる、といった多くの優れた効果を奏する。
Further, according to the moss culturing method according to the present invention, the seed moss or the growth base material can be stably maintained even in the natural environment by forming the water-permeable sheet from a plant-derived material such as palm fiber or wood shards. Therefore, the seed moss germinates and grows uniformly in the culture tray, and by using the plant-derived water-permeable sheet as a mesh, the seed moss can easily germinate through the gaps in the mesh and prevent drying. The germination efficiency can be increased, and the threads formed from plant-derived materials are twisted, so the roots of the seed moss get into the threads, so the water-permeable sheet itself has an effect as a growth base material. It can promote the growth of moss.
In addition, since the roots of moss can be taken out from the container without cutting, it can be attached to the inner and outer walls of gardens and buildings without damaging the moss, and because it is a natural material derived from plants, it takes time. It has many excellent effects, such as being able to return naturally with the passage of time, and being easily divided into dimensions and shapes that meet sales standards.
さらに、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、透水シートを培養トレー毎に敷設することによって、種苔の育成に重要な根圏の通気や通水を持続させて、根詰まりを防止すると共に、悪性菌の侵入防止、老廃物の除外、ＰＨ、ＥＣの矯正が即時にでき、さらに、常に根圏の環境を良好に保つことで、播種、育苗の育成が順調に行え、優良な移植用苗が作出できる、といった優れた効果を奏する。 Further, according to the moss culturing method according to the present invention, by laying a water-permeable sheet for each culture tray, ventilation and water flow in the rhizosphere, which are important for growing seed moss, are maintained and root clogging is prevented. At the same time, it is possible to immediately prevent the invasion of malignant bacteria, eliminate waste products, correct PH and EC, and by always maintaining a good rhizosphere environment, sowing and raising seedlings can be carried out smoothly, and excellent transplantation is possible. It has excellent effects such as the ability to produce seedlings.
またさらに、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせることで、下段にいくほど採光が遮られる環境を創出することができ、また、培養トレー毎に遮光シートを被覆させることで採光を遮る環境を創出することもできるため、彩光条件の異なる種苔を同時に培養することができる、といった従来にない優れた効果を奏する。 Furthermore, according to the moss culture method according to the present invention, by stacking a plurality of culture trays, it is possible to create an environment in which daylighting is blocked toward the lower stage, and a light-shielding sheet is provided for each culture tray. Since it is possible to create an environment that blocks daylighting by covering it, it is possible to simultaneously cultivate seed mosses with different lighting conditions, which is an excellent effect that has never been seen before.
さらにまた、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、培養トレーを重ね合わせた最上段に遮蔽蓋を被覆させたことによって、全体を彩光から遮る環境を創出することができると共に、散水条件の異なる種苔を同時に培養することができる、といった優れた効果を奏する。 Furthermore, according to the moss culturing method according to the present invention, by covering the uppermost stage on which the culture trays are stacked with a shielding lid, it is possible to create an environment in which the whole is shielded from coloring and watering conditions. It has an excellent effect that different seed mosses can be cultivated at the same time.
そしてまた、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、人工的に環境条件を創出可能な外界と仕切られた培養空間での培養を行うことによって、天候など自然環境に影響されることがなく、高品質の苔の培養ができる、といった優れた効果を奏する。 Further, according to the moss culture method according to the present invention, by culturing in a culture space partitioned from the outside world where environmental conditions can be artificially created, the culture is not affected by the natural environment such as the weather. It has excellent effects such as the ability to cultivate high-quality moss.
さらにまた、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法によれば、培養空間での培養の際に、該培養空間の構造について、自然環境条件（自然光、雨、風）を適宜取り入れ可能な開閉式扉が備えられていることによって、自然環境条件を有効活用して、人工的な環境条件の創出に要する維持管理費用の削減に資する、といった優れた効果を奏する。 Furthermore, according to the moss culturing method according to the present invention, when culturing in the culturing space, an openable door capable of appropriately taking in natural environmental conditions (natural light, rain, wind) for the structure of the culturing space is provided. By being provided, it has an excellent effect of effectively utilizing the natural environmental conditions and contributing to the reduction of maintenance costs required for creating artificial environmental conditions.
本発明は、苔の培養方法１０であって、上面が全面開放され、側面には通気孔１２を形成し、底面には通水孔１３を形成した培養トレー１１内に生育基盤材１９を敷設して種苔Ｔを藩種し、該培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせた状態で所定環境下において培養する手段を採ったことを最大の特徴とする。
以下、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０の実施形態を、図面に基づいて説明する。
The present invention is a method 10 for culturing moss, in which a growth base material 19 is laid in a culture tray 11 in which the upper surface is fully opened, vent holes 12 are formed on the side surfaces, and water passage holes 13 are formed on the bottom surface. The most characteristic feature is that the seed moss T is sown and the culture trays 11 are stacked in a plurality of stages and cultured in a predetermined environment.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
尚、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０は、以下に述べる実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内、すなわち同一の作用効果を発揮できる形状や寸法等の範囲内で、適宜変更することができるものである。
特に、本発明の説明で使用される「培養」とは、菌種の苔に適した文言であるが、苔には菌類以外に藻類や地衣類、維管束植物といった系統も存しており、説明の便宜上「培養」との文言を統一的に使用しているが、実質は「栽培」の意を含む概念であって、限定的に解釈されるものではない。
The moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention is not limited to the examples described below, and is within the range of the technical idea of the present invention, that is, the range of shapes, dimensions, etc. capable of exhibiting the same action and effect. It can be changed as appropriate within.
In particular, the term "culture" used in the description of the present invention is a term suitable for moss of a fungal species, but moss also includes algae, lichens, and vascular plants in addition to fungi. For convenience of explanation, the word "culture" is used in a unified manner, but the substance is a concept including the meaning of "cultivation" and is not interpreted in a limited manner.
図1は、本発明における苔の培養方法を示す概略説明図であり、（ａ）は培養トレー１１が単体の時の培養方法を示し、（ｂ）は培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせた時の培養方法を示す。
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０は、培養トレー１１内に生育基盤材１９を敷設して種苔Ｔを藩種し、該培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせた状態で所定環境下において苔を培養させるものである。
1A and 1B are schematic explanatory views showing a moss culturing method in the present invention, FIG. 1A shows a culturing method when the culturing tray 11 is a single substance, and FIG. 1B shows a culturing method when a plurality of culture trays 11 are stacked. The culture method of is shown.
In the moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention, the growth base material 19 is laid in the culture tray 11 to seed the seed moss T, and the moss is spread under a predetermined environment in a state where the culture trays 11 are stacked in a plurality of stages. It is to be cultivated.
苔は、例えば、ギンゴケ、スナゴケ、ツボゴケ、コツボチョウチンゴケ、ホソウリゴケ、ハイゴケ、チジミバコブゴケ、カモジゴケ、ナミシッポゴケ、シッポゴケ、オオシッポゴケなどの乾燥ミズゴケ、スギゴケ、フデゴケ、ツヤゴケ、タマゴケ、タチゴケ、シノブゴケ、コツボコケ、ヒノキゴケ、マンネンゴケ、ホソバオキナゴケ等が、本発明に適用する「苔」として使用される。 Moss includes, for example, dried sphagnum moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, dicranum polysetum, dicranum polysetum, dicranum polysetum, dicranum polysetum, moss, bartramia pomiformes, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss, moss , Mannen moss, Hoary moss, etc. are used as the "moss" applied to the present invention.
培養トレー１１は、その素材について特に限定はなく、例えば合成樹脂、発泡樹脂、ゴム、布、紙、木、ガラス、セラミック、防錆金属、ゼオライト、等の素材で形成される。
また、該培養トレー１１の形状は、トレー状、すなわち、所定面積を有する正方形若しくは矩形の底面１１ａの四辺に所定高さの側面１１ｂが鉛直状に起立され、上面が全面開放された、全体が略直方体の容器で形成されている。側面１１ｂには通気性を確保する通気孔１２が形成され、底面１１ａには通水可能な通水孔１３が形成されている。
尚、側面１１ｂには、運搬性に鑑み、必要に応じて取っ手穴１８が形成される。また、底面１１ａにおける裏側の四隅には、培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせた際の位置決め機能として、積み重ね段差１４が形成される態様が好ましい。
The material of the culture tray 11 is not particularly limited, and is formed of, for example, a material such as synthetic resin, foamed resin, rubber, cloth, paper, wood, glass, ceramic, rust-preventive metal, zeolite, and the like.
Further, the shape of the culture tray 11 is tray-shaped, that is, side surfaces 11b having a predetermined height are vertically erected on four sides of a square or rectangular bottom surface 11a having a predetermined area, and the upper surface is fully opened. It is formed of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container. A ventilation hole 12 for ensuring air permeability is formed on the side surface 11b, and a water passage hole 13 for water passage is formed on the bottom surface 11a.
A handle hole 18 is formed on the side surface 11b as needed in view of transportability. Further, it is preferable that stacking steps 14 are formed at the four corners on the back side of the bottom surface 11a as a positioning function when a plurality of culture trays 11 are stacked.
生育基盤材１９は、種苔Ｔを藩種し且つ苔を培養する際の培養床として機能するもので、当該機能を果たすことが可能であれば素材について特に限定するものではないが、例えば自然培養床として、鹿沼土、川砂、山砂、腐葉土、埴壌土、砂壌土、樹皮培養土、ピートモス等からなる土質細物を使用する態様が考え得る。その他にも、紙製シート材や発泡樹脂など、人工的な培養床を使用する態様も可能である。 The growth base material 19 functions as a culture bed when seed moss T is sown and cultivates moss, and the material is not particularly limited as long as the function can be fulfilled, but for example, natural As the culture bed, it is conceivable to use soil fines such as Kanuma soil, river sand, mountain sand, humus soil, humus soil, sand loam soil, bark culture soil, and peat moss. In addition, it is also possible to use an artificial culture bed such as a paper sheet material or a foamed resin.
所定環境下は、散水３０ａの度合い、彩光３０ｂの度合い、温度３０ｃ、湿度３０ｄといった、苔の生育に適した環境であり、自然環境において、より適した環境が基本的に選択される。尚、散水３０ａとは、苔に対して水分を供給し得る態様であれば良く、その意味で噴霧を含む概念である。 Under the predetermined environment, the environment suitable for the growth of moss, such as the degree of watering 30a, the degree of coloring 30b, the temperature 30c, and the humidity 30d, is basically selected in the natural environment. The watering 30a may be any mode as long as it can supply water to the moss, and in that sense, it is a concept including spraying.
本発明における苔の培養方法１０の具体的な培養手順としては、以下のとおりとなる。
（１）種苔Ｔを手で揉みほぐしたり、ふるいに押し当てたりして細かく分散させる。
（２）培養トレー１１に生育基盤材１９を所要厚さ（例えば約３ｃｍ程度）で平に敷き詰める。
（３）生育基盤材１９の上に種苔Ｔを藩種する。このとき、種苔Ｔが重ならないようにブロック単位で均等に蒔く。
（４）必要に応じて上から砂をまいて、種苔Ｔ同士のすき間を埋める。
（５）種苔Ｔや砂が流出しないように注意しながら、散水３０ａする。
（６）必要に応じて培養トレー１１の上面にキッチンペーパーや濡れ布等を被せて、種苔Ｔならびに生育基盤材１９が乾燥しないようにする。
（７）上記（１）〜（６）により種苔Ｔが藩種された培養トレー１１を、所定環境下で複数段重ね合わせて培養する。尚、培養においては、種苔Ｔの芽が均等に生え揃うまで、苔表面の乾燥に注意する。
The specific culturing procedure of the moss culturing method 10 in the present invention is as follows.
(1) The seed moss T is finely dispersed by kneading it by hand or pressing it against a sieve.
(2) Spread the growth base material 19 flat on the culture tray 11 with a required thickness (for example, about 3 cm).
(3) Seed moss T is sown on the growth base material 19. At this time, sow the seed moss T evenly in block units so that the seed moss T does not overlap.
(4) If necessary, sprinkle sand from above to fill the gap between the seed moss T.
(5) Sprinkle water 30a, being careful not to let the seed moss T or sand flow out.
(6) If necessary, cover the upper surface of the culture tray 11 with kitchen paper, a wet cloth, or the like to prevent the seed moss T and the growth base material 19 from drying.
(7) The culture trays 11 in which the seed moss T has been seeded according to the above (1) to (6) are cultivated in a plurality of stages in a predetermined environment. In culturing, care should be taken to dry the moss surface until the seed moss T buds are evenly grown.
以上の培養方法によって、本発明は実施される。すなわち、複数段重ね合わせた各培養トレー１１の底面１１ａには、夫々通水孔１３が形成されていることから、最上段の培養トレー１１に散水３０ａがなされると、余剰水分が徐々に下段まで落水することとなって、最終的に最下段の培養トレー１１まで水が行き渡ることとなる。また、各培養トレー１１の側面１１ｂには、通気孔１２が形成されているため、上方に他の培養トレー１１が積み重なっても、トレー内が隔離されることはなく、外界と繋がって所定環境下での培養が可能である。 The present invention is carried out by the above culture method. That is, since water flow holes 13 are formed in the bottom surface 11a of each of the culture trays 11 stacked in a plurality of stages, when watering 30a is applied to the culture tray 11 in the uppermost stage, excess water gradually becomes lower. The water will eventually fall to the bottom, and finally the water will reach the culture tray 11 at the bottom. Further, since the vent holes 12 are formed on the side surface 11b of each culture tray 11, the inside of the tray is not isolated even if other culture trays 11 are stacked on the upper side, and the tray is connected to the outside world to provide a predetermined environment. Cultivation underneath is possible.
この様に、本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０によれば、培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせた状態で培養させることによって、省スペースでの培養効率に資すると共に、下段にいくほど彩光３０ｂが遮られ上段にいくほど多くの彩光３０ｂが得られるため、彩光条件の異なる種苔を同時に培養することが可能であり、さらには、出荷に際してトレーのまま運搬することができるため、流通効率を高めることが可能となる。 As described above, according to the moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention, culturing the culture trays 11 in a state of stacking a plurality of stages contributes to the space-saving culture efficiency, and the lower the tiers, the more the colored light 30b. Since more colored light 30b can be obtained as the light is blocked and the upper part is obtained, it is possible to cultivate seed moss with different lighting conditions at the same time, and further, since it can be transported as a tray at the time of shipment, it is distributed. It is possible to increase efficiency.
尚、培養トレー１１を複数段重ね合わせる態様について、本発明では、一の培養トレー１１の上方に他の培養トレー１１を直接に重ねる態様を想定して説明しているが、そのほかにも、例えば多段式棚の各棚段に培養トレー１１を夫々載置することで、結果として上下に複数の培養トレー１１が重ね合わさる態様を採ることも考え得る。このとき、多段式棚の各棚段には、上下に貫通する孔やスリットなどといった通水用の一乃至複数の開口が存する態様が望ましい。 In the present invention, the mode in which the culture trays 11 are stacked in a plurality of stages is described assuming that the other culture trays 11 are directly stacked on the one culture tray 11, but in addition to the above, for example. By placing the culture trays 11 on each of the multi-stage shelves, it is conceivable that as a result, a plurality of culture trays 11 are stacked one above the other. At this time, it is desirable that each shelf of the multi-stage shelf has one or a plurality of openings for water flow such as holes and slits penetrating vertically.
他の実施例について、図２を用いて説明する。実施例１と同様の部分は省略する。
図２は、本発明にかかる他の苔の培養方法を示す説明図であり、（ａ）は培養トレー１１に透水シート１５を被覆させた状態を示し、（ｂ）は培養トレー１１に遮光シート１６を被覆させた状態を示す。
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０は、培養トレー１１毎に、透水シート１５又は遮光シート１６を敷設若しくは被覆させた手段を採るものである。
Other examples will be described with reference to FIG. The same part as in the first embodiment is omitted.
2A and 2B are explanatory views showing another method for culturing moss according to the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a state in which a culture tray 11 is covered with a water-permeable sheet 15, and FIG. 2B is a light-shielding sheet on the culture tray 11. A state in which 16 is coated is shown.
The moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention adopts a means in which a water-permeable sheet 15 or a light-shielding sheet 16 is laid or covered for each culture tray 11.
透水シート１５は、上方からの水を下方へ透水可能なシート材であり、培養トレー１１毎に各底面１１ａに敷設される。該透水シート１５の素材については、透水可能であれば特に限定はなく、シート自体が透水性を有するシート素材で形成される態様が考え得る。尚、図示の様に、シート自体に複数の通水孔１３を設けることで、機能的に透水性を発揮させることは可能であり、故にシートの素材自体は不透水性であっても構わない。 The water permeable sheet 15 is a sheet material capable of allowing water from above to permeate downward, and is laid on each bottom surface 11a for each culture tray 11. The material of the water-permeable sheet 15 is not particularly limited as long as it is water-permeable, and an embodiment in which the sheet itself is made of a water-permeable sheet material can be considered. As shown in the figure, it is possible to functionally exhibit water permeability by providing a plurality of water passage holes 13 in the sheet itself, and therefore the material of the sheet itself may be impermeable. ..
該透水シート１５について、図示の様に、販売形状規格寸法に合わせて切断することができる切り込みやミシン目１５ａを入れて形成することもできる。また、透水シート１５を紙前駆体ならびに植物由来の植物繊維前駆体１５ｂで形成することも考えられ、その場合、地植えに植え替えた場合に、土壌に回帰する素材で形成されているため、自然環境に優しい生産品の提供が可能である。尚、植物由来の素材としては、ヤシ繊維や木砕片などが考え得る。 As shown in the figure, the water permeable sheet 15 can also be formed by making cuts or perforations 15a that can be cut according to the sales shape standard dimensions. It is also conceivable that the permeable sheet 15 is formed of a paper precursor and a plant-derived plant fiber precursor 15b, and in that case, it is formed of a material that returns to the soil when replanted in the ground. It is possible to provide products that are friendly to the natural environment. As a plant-derived material, coconut fiber, wood fragments, and the like can be considered.
遮光シート１６は、採光３０ｂを遮るためのシートであって、培養トレー１１毎あるいは積み上げられた培養トレー１１の最上段上面若しくは全体に被覆される。該遮光シート１６の具体的構成態様については、遮光性を有する常法のシート材を使用すれば足り、特に限定するものではなく、例えば農業又は園芸で使用される黒色の合成樹脂シートが使用される。 The light-shielding sheet 16 is a sheet for blocking the lighting 30b, and is coated on each of the culture trays 11 or on the upper surface or the entire uppermost stage of the stacked culture trays 11. As for the specific configuration of the light-shielding sheet 16, it is sufficient to use a conventional sheet material having a light-shielding property, and the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a black synthetic resin sheet used in agriculture or horticulture is used. To.
以上の培養方法によって、本発明は実施される。すなわち、透水シート１５の敷設により、種苔Ｔの育成に重要な根圏の通気や通水を持続させて、根詰まりを防止すると共に、悪性菌の侵入防止、老廃物の除外、ＰＨ、ＥＣの矯正が即時にでき、さらに、常に根圏の環境を良好に保つことで、苔の育成が順調に行え、優良な移植用苔が生産できる。尚、培養トレー１１の底面１１ａに形成された通水孔１３から、土砂等の生育基盤材１９が抜け落ちてしまうのを防止する機能をも果たし得る苔の培養方法１０を提供するものである。また、遮光シート１６の被覆により、必要に応じて人工的に彩光３０ｂ条件の設定が可能であると共に、彩光３０ｂを好む品種と採光３０ｂを嫌う品種とを同時に培養することが可能な苔の培養方法１０を提供するものである。 The present invention is carried out by the above culture method. That is, by laying the water permeable sheet 15, the aeration and water flow in the rhizosphere, which are important for growing seed moss T, are maintained to prevent root clogging, and prevention of invasion of malignant bacteria, exclusion of waste products, PH, EC. By immediately correcting the moss and maintaining a good environment in the rhizosphere, moss can be grown smoothly and excellent moss for transplantation can be produced. The present invention provides a moss culturing method 10 that can also serve a function of preventing the growth base material 19 such as earth and sand from falling out from the water passage holes 13 formed in the bottom surface 11a of the culture tray 11. Further, by covering the light-shielding sheet 16, the conditions for coloring 30b can be artificially set as needed, and moss capable of simultaneously culturing a variety that prefers coloring 30b and a variety that dislikes lighting 30b. The culture method 10 of the above is provided.
他の実施例について、図３を用いて説明する。実施例１乃至２と同様の部分は省略する。
図３は、本発明にかかる他の苔の培養方法を示す説明図である。
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０は、培養トレー１１を重ね合わせた最上段に遮蔽蓋１７を被覆させた手段を採るものである。
Other examples will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as in Examples 1 and 2 will be omitted.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing another method for culturing moss according to the present invention.
The moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention adopts a means in which a shielding lid 17 is covered on the uppermost stage in which culture trays 11 are stacked.
遮蔽蓋１７は、積み上げられた培養トレー１１の最上段上面を遮蔽するための蓋体であって、培養トレー１１の大きさに合わせて成形される。素材については特に限定はないが、培養トレー１１と同材質であることが好ましい。該遮蔽蓋１７は、トレー内の水分の蒸発を抑制して湿度３０ｄ維持を図ったり、日光の透過を遮断して採光３０ｂ度合いを調整したり、有害虫の飛来を抑止したり、必要以上の散水３０ａを抑止したり、トレー内温度３０ｃの急変を抑制するなど、多機能な役割を有するものである。尚、図示していないが、遮蔽蓋１７に通水用の孔を形成して、蓋をした状態で上方からの散水３０ａに対しても通水可能とする態様も考え得る。 The shielding lid 17 is a lid for shielding the uppermost upper surface of the stacked culture trays 11, and is formed according to the size of the culture tray 11. The material is not particularly limited, but it is preferably the same material as the culture tray 11. The shielding lid 17 suppresses the evaporation of water in the tray to maintain the humidity of 30d, blocks the transmission of sunlight to adjust the degree of lighting 30b, suppresses the arrival of harmful insects, and is more than necessary. It has a multifunctional role such as suppressing watering 30a and suppressing a sudden change in the temperature inside the tray 30c. Although not shown, it is conceivable that a hole for water passage is formed in the shielding lid 17 so that water can be passed through the watering 30a from above with the lid closed.
以上の培養方法によって、本発明は実施される。すなわち、積み上げられた培養トレー１１の最上段上面を必要に応じて遮蔽蓋１７で遮蔽することで、散水３０ａ、彩光３０ｂ、温度３０ｃ、湿度３０ｄの調整を人工的に設定することが容易にできると共に、害虫被害にも資する苔の培養方法１０を提供することが可能となる。 The present invention is carried out by the above culture method. That is, by shielding the uppermost upper surface of the stacked culture trays 11 with a shielding lid 17 as necessary, it is easy to artificially set the adjustment of watering 30a, coloring 30b, temperature 30c, and humidity 30d. At the same time, it becomes possible to provide a moss culturing method 10 that also contributes to pest damage.
他の実施例について、図４を用いて説明する。実施例１乃至３と同様の部分は省略する。
図４は、本発明にかかる他の苔の培養方法を示す説明図である。
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法は、所定環境下について、人工的に環境条件を創出するものである。すなわち、外界と仕切られた培養空間２０を用い、該培養空間２０について人工的に環境条件を創出可能とするもので、散水３０ａ、彩光３０ｂ、温度３０ｃ、湿度３０ｄから選択される少なくとも一の環境設定機能が備えられて成る手段を採るものである。
Other examples will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as in Examples 1 to 3 will be omitted.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another method for culturing moss according to the present invention.
The method for culturing moss according to the present invention artificially creates environmental conditions under a predetermined environment. That is, the culture space 20 partitioned from the outside world is used to artificially create environmental conditions for the culture space 20, and at least one selected from watering 30a, coloring 30b, temperature 30c, and humidity 30d. It takes measures that are equipped with an environment setting function.
具体的な培養空間２０の例としては、ビニールハウスやプレハブハウス、太陽光発電を組み合わせたハウス等の培養施設が考え得る。かかる培養空間２０には、各種環境設定機能が備えられている。具体的には、シャワーなどによる散水３０ａを行う散水機能、自然光を取り入れたりＬＥＤを用いた人工太陽光による採光３０ｂを行う採光調節機能、ボイラーやクーラーといった空調機などによる温度３０ｃの調整を行う温度調節機能、加湿器や除湿器などによる湿度３０ｄの調整を行う湿度調節機能、といった環境設定機能が選択的に備えられる設備である。 As a specific example of the culture space 20, a culture facility such as a vinyl house, a prefabricated house, or a house combined with solar power generation can be considered. The culture space 20 is provided with various environment setting functions. Specifically, a watering function for sprinkling water 30a by a shower or the like, a daylighting adjustment function for taking in natural light or lighting 30b by artificial sunlight using an LED, and a temperature for adjusting the temperature 30c by an air conditioner such as a boiler or a cooler. This equipment is selectively equipped with environment setting functions such as an adjustment function and a humidity adjustment function for adjusting the humidity of 30d with a humidifier or a dehumidifier.
かかる培養空間２０について、図示されてはいないが、床面や内壁面に反射材を備える態様が考え得る。すなわち、反射材は、光を反射させる機能を有するもので、培養空間２０の床面あるいは内壁面のいずれか一方若しくは両方に敷設される。このとき、床面や内壁面の全体に反射材を敷設する態様のほか、床面や内壁面の限られた一部にのみ反射材が敷設される態様も採り得る。このように反射材が床面や内壁面に敷設される態様を採用することで、採光３０ｂが反射材により効果的に反射することとなって、光が届き難い中段や下段の培養トレー１１に対しても光を行き届かせて採光３０ｂの作用効果を奏することができ、光を好む苔が中下段に播種されたとしても、問題なく培養することが可能となる。 Although not shown, the culture space 20 may be provided with a reflective material on the floor surface or the inner wall surface. That is, the reflective material has a function of reflecting light, and is laid on one or both of the floor surface and the inner wall surface of the culture space 20. At this time, in addition to the mode in which the reflective material is laid on the entire floor surface and the inner wall surface, the mode in which the reflective material is laid only on a limited part of the floor surface and the inner wall surface can be adopted. By adopting the mode in which the reflective material is laid on the floor surface or the inner wall surface in this way, the lighting 30b is effectively reflected by the reflective material, and the light is hard to reach the middle or lower culture tray 11. On the other hand, the light can be distributed and the effect of the daylighting 30b can be exerted, and even if the light-loving moss is sown in the middle and lower stages, it can be cultivated without any problem.
以上の培養方法によって、本発明は実施される。すなわち、各種環境設定機能が備えられた培養空間２０において苔の培養がなされることで、天候など自然環境に影響されることなく、良好な環境下で培養可能であると共に、生育状況が均一で高品質の苔を生産することが可能となる。 The present invention is carried out by the above culture method. That is, by culturing moss in the culture space 20 provided with various environment setting functions, it is possible to cultivate in a good environment without being affected by the natural environment such as the weather, and the growth condition is uniform. It is possible to produce high quality moss.
他の実施例について、図４を用いて説明する。実施例１乃至４と同様の部分は省略する。
図５は、本発明にかかる他の苔の培養方法を示す説明図である。
本発明にかかる苔の培養方法１０は、培養空間２０に、自然環境条件（自然光４０ａ、雨４０ｂ、風４０ｃ）を取り入れることができる開閉式扉が備えられている手段を採るものである。
Other examples will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as in Examples 1 to 4 will be omitted.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing another method for culturing moss according to the present invention.
The moss culturing method 10 according to the present invention adopts a means in which the culturing space 20 is provided with an openable door capable of taking in natural environmental conditions (natural light 40a, rain 40b, wind 40c).
培養空間２０に備えられる開閉式扉の具体的な構成態様については、自然環境条件を取り入れ可能な構造であれば特に限定はなく、窓の様な常法の開閉式手段を採用すれば足りる。
例えば、自然光４０ａを取り入れるために、培養空間２０の天井部（屋根）や側壁部に外界に通じる開閉可能な窓を形成する態様などが考え得る。同様に、雨４０ｂを取り入れるために、培養空間２０の天井部（屋根）に外界に通じる開閉可能な窓を形成する態様などが考え得る。さらに同様に、風４０ｃを取り入れるために、培養空間２０の側壁部に外界に通じる開閉可能な窓を対向して形成する態様などが考え得る。尚、開閉動作は、機械式であると手動式であるとを問うものではない。
The specific configuration of the openable door provided in the culture space 20 is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure capable of incorporating natural environmental conditions, and it is sufficient to adopt a conventional openable means such as a window.
For example, in order to take in natural light 40a, it is conceivable to form an openable / closable window leading to the outside world on the ceiling (roof) or side wall of the culture space 20. Similarly, in order to take in the rain 40b, it is conceivable to form an openable / closable window leading to the outside world on the ceiling (roof) of the culture space 20. Further, similarly, in order to take in the wind 40c, it is conceivable to form an openable and closable window facing the outside world on the side wall portion of the culture space 20. It should be noted that the opening / closing operation does not ask whether it is a mechanical type or a manual type.
尚、培養空間２０について、床面や内壁面に反射材を備える態様が考え得ることは、既述の通りである。かかる反射材が床面や内壁面に敷設される態様を採用することで、採光３０ｂや自然光４０ａが反射材により効果的に反射することとなって、光が届き難い中段や下段の培養トレー１１に対しても光を行き届かせて採光３０ｂや自然光４０ａの作用効果を奏することができ、光を好む苔が中下段に播種されたとしても、問題なく培養することが可能となる。 As described above, the culture space 20 may be provided with a reflective material on the floor surface or the inner wall surface. By adopting an embodiment in which the reflective material is laid on the floor surface or the inner wall surface, the daylighting 30b and the natural light 40a are effectively reflected by the reflective material, and the culture trays 11 in the middle and lower stages where the light is difficult to reach. It is possible to exert the effects of daylighting 30b and natural light 40a by allowing light to reach the surface, and even if light-loving moss is sown in the middle and lower stages, it can be cultivated without problems.
以上の培養方法によって、本発明は実施される。すなわち、培養空間２０が、天井部（屋根）や側壁部（窓）の開放による自然光４０ａの取り入れや、天井部（屋根）の開閉による雨４０ｂの取り入れ、対向する側壁部（窓）の開放による風４０ｃの取り入れが可能な開閉式扉を環境設定機能と共に併存することによって、自然環境条件を有効に取り入れることが可能となり、人工的に環境条件を設定する維持管理コストを大幅に削減することが可能となる。 The present invention is carried out by the above culture method. That is, the culture space 20 takes in natural light 40a by opening the ceiling (roof) and side wall (window), takes in rain 40b by opening and closing the ceiling (roof), and opens the opposite side wall (window). By coexisting the openable door that can take in the wind 40c together with the environment setting function, it is possible to effectively take in the natural environmental conditions, and it is possible to significantly reduce the maintenance cost of artificially setting the environmental conditions. It will be possible.
本発明は、培養トレーを複数段重ね合わせることによって、省スペース化による培養効率及び生産効率の向上に資すると共に、運搬性向上による流通効率を高め、さらに高品質の苔を均一に生産することが可能となるものである。しかも、培養時において、彩光条件が異なるなど多品種の苔を同時且つ同所にて培養することが可能であり、あらゆる品種の苔の培養に利用することができることから、本発明にかかる「苔の培養方法」の産業上の利用可能性は極めて大であるものと思料する。 According to the present invention, by stacking a plurality of culture trays, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of culture efficiency and production efficiency by saving space, to improve the distribution efficiency by improving transportability, and to uniformly produce high quality moss. It is possible. Moreover, at the time of culturing, it is possible to cultivate many varieties of moss at the same time and in the same place due to different lighting conditions, and it can be used for culturing all varieties of moss. It is considered that the industrial applicability of "moss culture method" is extremely large.
１０ 培養方法
１１ 培養トレー
１１ａ 底面
１１ｂ 側面
１２ 通気孔
１３ 通水孔
１４ 積み重ね段差
１５ 透水シート
１５ａ 切り込みやミシン目
１５ｂ 紙前駆物ならびに植物繊維前駆物
１６ 遮光シート
１７ 遮蔽蓋
１８ 取っ手穴
１９ 生育基盤材
２０ 培養空間
３０ａ 散水
３０ｂ 彩光
３０ｃ 温度
３０ｄ 湿度（噴霧）
４０ａ 自然光
４０ｂ 雨
４０ｃ 風
Ｔ 種苔
10 Culture method 11 Culture tray 11a Bottom surface 11b Side surface 12 Ventilation hole 13 Water passage hole 14 Stacking step 15 Water permeation sheet 15a Cuts and perforations 15b Paper precursor and plant fiber precursor 16 Shading sheet 17 Shielding lid 18 Handle hole 19 Growth base material 20 Culture space 30a Watering 30b Coloring 30c Temperature 30d Humidity (spray)
40a Natural light 40b Rain 40c Wind T Seed moss
Claims (6)
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| CN113142057A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 内蒙古大学 | Tissue culture propagation method of sphagnum fasciatum |
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