JP2020528405A - Its use for the treatment of compound and microbial infections - Google Patents

Its use for the treatment of compound and microbial infections Download PDF

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JP2020528405A
JP2020528405A JP2020501516A JP2020501516A JP2020528405A JP 2020528405 A JP2020528405 A JP 2020528405A JP 2020501516 A JP2020501516 A JP 2020501516A JP 2020501516 A JP2020501516 A JP 2020501516A JP 2020528405 A JP2020528405 A JP 2020528405A
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alkenyl
butyl
compound
infection
use according
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JP7232238B2 (en
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カオ・イー・ツン・リチャード
カオ・ポン
リー・シュエチェン
リウ・ミン
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Versitech Ltd
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    • C07D295/22Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
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  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

【解決手段】化合物、その誘導体、前記化合物及び誘導体を1種以上含む組成物、並びに微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するためのその使用を提供する。その化合物及び/又はその誘導体は、化学式(I)で表すことができる。本使用は、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するための1種以上の式(I)の化合物を有効量含む組成物を調製することを含む。一実施形態において、微生物感染は細菌感染である。より具体的に、その細菌感染はブドウ球菌感染である。(I)【選択図】なしSOLUTION: A compound, a derivative thereof, a composition containing one or more of the compounds and derivatives, and its use for preventing and / or treating a microbial infection and / or a related disease or condition are provided. The compound and / or its derivative can be represented by the chemical formula (I). The present use comprises preparing a composition comprising an effective amount of one or more compounds of formula (I) for preventing and / or treating microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions. In one embodiment, the microbial infection is a bacterial infection. More specifically, the bacterial infection is a staphylococcal infection. (I) [Selection diagram] None

Description

(関連出願の相互参照)
本出願は、2017年7月21日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/535,540号明細書及び2018年7月22日に出願された米国特許出願第16/041,836号明細書からの優先権を主張し、その開示全体を参照により本明細書に援用する。
(Cross-reference of related applications)
This application is a US Patent Application No. 62 / 535,540 filed on July 21, 2017 and a US Patent Application No. 16 / 041,836 filed on July 22, 2018. Claims priority from, and the entire disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

本発明は、化合物及びその誘導体、その化合物及び/又は誘導体を含む組成物、並びに微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を治療するためのその使用に関する。より具体的には、本化合物、誘導体、それらを含む組成物及びその使用は、細菌感染に対するものである。 The present invention relates to compounds and derivatives thereof, compositions containing the compounds and / or derivatives thereof, and their use for treating microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions. More specifically, the compounds, derivatives, compositions containing them and their use are for bacterial infections.

黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)は市中及び院内での主要なヒト病原体であり、無害な感染から重篤な状態まで、様々な感染を引き起こす[非特許文献18]。院内及び市中においてメチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)が広く蔓延しているため、黄色ブドウ球菌関連の感染の治療はますます困難になってきている[非特許文献19]。スタフィロキサンチンは、細菌の侵入を促進する重要な因子であることが証明されている[非特許文献1]。あるオペロンに位置する5つの遺伝子、crtOPQMNは、この色素の生合成を担うものである。このオペロンの転写はcrtO上流のσ依存性プロモーターにより駆動され、crtN下流のターミネーターで終了する[非特許文献2]。黄色ブドウ球菌に黄金色を付与するこの色素により、活性酸素種(ROS)及び好中球からの攻撃に対する抵抗性が得られる[非特許文献3]。色素性細菌では、宿主の免疫防御耐性が増加した[非特許文献4]Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen in the community and in hospitals, causing a variety of infections, from harmless to serious conditions [Non-Patent Document 18] . The widespread prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitals and in the city has made treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-related infections increasingly difficult [Non-Patent Document 19] . Staphyloxanthine has been proven to be an important factor in promoting bacterial invasion [Non-Patent Document 1] . Five genes located in an operon, crtOPQMN, are responsible for the biosynthesis of this pigment. The transcription of the operon is driven by sigma B-dependent promoter crtO upstream ends at crtN downstream terminator [2]. This pigment, which imparts a golden color to Staphylococcus aureus, provides resistance to attacks from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophils [Non-Patent Document 3] . In pigmented bacteria, the immune defense resistance of the host increased [Non-Patent Document 4] .

マウス皮下感染モデルでは、黄色ブドウ球菌の野生型株に感染した動物は、非色素性細菌に感染した動物よりも細菌負荷が高く、目に見える病変が大きかった[非特許文献4]。カロテノイド合成欠陥のある菌株の毒性減少は、黄色ブドウ球菌全身感染のマウスモデルでもまた示されている[非特許文献3]。色素合成を阻止することで病原性が減少し得るこがインビトロ及びインビボのデータにより示唆されている。 In a mouse subcutaneous infection model, animals infected with the wild-type strain of Staphylococcus aureus had a higher bacterial load and larger visible lesions than animals infected with non-pigmented bacteria [Non-Patent Document 4] . Reduced toxicity of strains with carotenoid synthesis defects has also been shown in a mouse model of systemic Staphylococcus aureus infection [Non-Patent Document 3] . In vitro and in vivo data suggest that blocking pigment synthesis can reduce pathogenicity.

デヒドロスクアレン合成酵素(CrtM)は生合成経路の最初のステップを触媒するものであり、毒性因子の中和に基づく抗感染療法の標的であることが示されている。高マイクロモル濃度のジフェニルアミンは、4,4−ジアポフィトエン不飽和化酵素(CrtN)の阻害剤であることが分かっている[非特許文献5]。CrtNを阻害可能な別の阻害剤であるナフチフィンは、FDAに承認された抗真菌化合物であるが、各種の感染マウスモデルにおける細菌負荷を減少させることが示されている[非特許文献6]。しかし、ブドウ球菌感染を治療及び/又は防止するための組成物の調製において、新しい化合物、治療方法及びその化合物の使用が依然として必要とされている。
以下の非特許文献は、その全体を参照により本明細書に援用する。
Clauditz,A.,et al.,Staphyloxanthin plays a role in the fitness of Staphylococcus aureus and its ability to cope with oxidative stress.Infect Immun,2006.74(8):p.4950−3 Pelz,A.,et al.,Structure and biosynthesis of staphyloxanthin from Staphylococcus aureus.J Biol Chem,2005.280(37):p.32493−8 Liu,C.I.,et al.,A cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor blocks Staphylococcus aureus virulence.Science,2008.319(5868):p.1391−4 Liu,G.Y.,et al.,Staphylococcus aureus golden pigment impairs neutrophil killing and promotes virulence through its antioxidant activity.J Exp Med,2005.202(2):p.209−15 Raisig,A. and G.Sandmann,4,4’−diapophytoene desaturase:catalytic properties of an enzyme from the C(30) carotenoid pathway of Staphylococcus aureus.J Bacteriol,1999.181(19):p.6184−7 Chen,F.,et al.,Small−molecule targeting of a diapophytoene desaturase inhibits S.aureus virulence.Nat Chem Biol,2016 Sakai,K.,et al.,Search method for inhibitors of Staphyloxanthin production by methicillin−resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Biol Pharm Bull,2012.35(1):p.48−53 Ho,P.L.,et al.,Community−associated methicillin−resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in Hong Kong.Hong Kong Med J,2009.15 Suppl 9:p.9−11 Kobayashi,S.D.,et al.,Bacterial pathogens modulate an apoptosis differentiation program in human neutrophils.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2003.100(19):p.10948−53 Lan,L.,et al.,Golden pigment production and virulence gene expression are affected by metabolisms in Staphylococcus aureus.J Bacteriol,2010.192(12):p.3068−77 Ku,B.,et al.,Preparation,characterization,and optimization of an in vitro C30 carotenoid pathway.Appl Environ Microbiol,2005.71(11):p.6578−83 Song,Y.,et al.,Phosphonosulfonates are potent,selective inhibitors of dehydrosqualene synthase and staphyloxanthin biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus.J Med Chem,2009.52(4):p.976−88 Favre,B. and N.S.Ryder,Characterization of squalene epoxidase activity from the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and its inhibition by terbinafine and other antimycotic agents.Antimicrob Agents Chemother,1996.40(2):p.443−7 Vago,T.,et al.,Effects of naftifine and terbinafine,two allylamine antifungal drugs,on selected functions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.Antimicrob Agents Chemother,1994.38(11):p.2605−11 Fang,F.C.,Antimicrobial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species:concepts and controversies.Nat Rev Microbiol,2004.2(10):p.820−32 Liu,G.Y.,et al.,Sword and shield:linked group B streptococcal beta−hemolysin/cytolysin and carotenoid pigment function to subvert host phagocyte defense.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2004.101(40):p.14491−6 Sully,E.K.,et al.,Selective chemical inhibition of agr quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus promotes host defense with minimal impact on resistance.PLoS Pathog,2014.10(6):p.e1004174 Crossley,K.B.,Staphylococci in human disease.2nd ed.2010,Chichester,West Sussex;Hoboken,NJ:Wiley−Blackwell.xii,623 p.,10 p.of plates Blot,S.I.,et al.,Outcome and attributable mortality in critically Ill patients with bacteremia involving methicillin−susceptible and methicillin−resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Arch Intern Med,2002.162(19):p.2229−35 Peng Gao,Julian Davies and Richard Yi Tsun Kao,“Dehydrosqualene desaturase as a novel target for antimicrobial therapeutics in Staphylococcus aureus”,mBio,8:e01224−17,(2017)
Dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) catalyzes the first steps of the biosynthetic pathway and has been shown to be a target for anti-infective therapy based on neutralization of toxic factors. High molar concentrations of diphenylamine have been shown to be inhibitors of 4,4-diapophytoene desaturase (CrtN) [Non-Patent Document 5] . Naftifine, another inhibitor capable of inhibiting CrtN, is an FDA-approved antifungal compound, but has been shown to reduce bacterial loading in various infected mouse models [Non-Patent Document 6] . However, there is still a need for new compounds, therapeutic methods and the use of such compounds in the preparation of compositions for treating and / or preventing staphylococcal infections.
The following non-patent documents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Clauditz, A. et al. , Et al. , Staphylococcus aureus and its availability to copy with oxidative stress. Staphylococcus aureus and its a lolle in the fitness of Staphylococcus aureus and it. Infect Immun, 2006.74 (8): p. 4950-3 Perz, A. et al. , Et al. , Structure and biosynthesis of staphylococcus aureus. From Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem, 2005.280 (37): p. 32493-8 Liu, C.I. I. , Et al. , A cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor blocks Staphylococcus aureus virulence. Science, 2008.319 (5868): p. 1391-4 Liu, G.M. Y. , Et al. , Staphylococcus aureus staphylococcus pigment pigment impairs neurophil killing and trophiles virulence thorugites antioxidant activity. J Exp Med, 2005.202 (2): p. 209-15 Raisig, A.M. and G. Sandman, 4,4'-diapophytoene desaturase: catalytic properties of an enzyme from the C (30) carotenoid paceway of Staphylococcus. J Bacteriol, 1999.181 (19): p. 6184-7 Chen, F. , Et al. , Small-Molecule targeting of a diapophytoene desaturase inhibits S.A. aureus virulence. Nat Chem Biol, 2016 Sakai, K.K. , Et al. , Search methods for inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus., Research methods by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biol Palm Bull, 2012.35 (1): p. 48-53 Ho, P. L. , Et al. , Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J, 2009.15 Suppl 9: p. 9-11 Kobayashi, S.A. D. , Et al. , Bacterial pathogens modulation an apoptosis differentiation program in human neurofils. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2003.100 (19): p. 10948-53 Lan, L. , Et al. , Golden pigment production and virulence gene expression are reflected by metabolisms in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol, 2010.192 (12): p. 3068-77 Ku, B. , Et al. , Preparation, characterization, and optimization of an in vitro C30 carotenoid pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2005.71 (11): p. 6578-83 Song, Y. , Et al. , Phosphonosulfonates are potential, selective inhibitors of dehydrosqualene synthesis and staples and staphylococcus in Staphylococcus. J Med Chem, 2009.52 (4): p. 976-88 Favre, B. and N. S. Ryder, characterization of squalene epixidase activity from the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and it's inhibitor terbinafine. Antimiclob Agents Chemother, 1996.40 (2): p. 443-7 Vago, T. et al. , Et al. , Effects of naftifine and terbinafine, two allylamine antifungal drugs, on selected functions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Antimiclob Agents Chemother, 1994.38 (11): p. 2605-11 Fang, F. C. , Antimicrobial reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species: contrasts and controversies. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2004.2 (10): p. 820-32 Liu, G.M. Y. , Et al. , Sword and shield: linked group B streptococcal beta-hemorysin / cytolysin and carotenoid pigment function function to subverted host phagocyte. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2004.101 (40): p. 14491-6 Sully, E.I. K. , Et al. , Selective chemical inhibition of agr quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus promotes host defense with minimal inhibitor on response. PLoS Pathogen, 2014.10 (6): p. e1001744 Crossley, K. et al. B. , Staphylococci in human disease. 2nd ed. 2010, Chichester, West Sussex; Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. xii, 623 p. , 10 p. of plates Blot, S.M. I. , Et al. , Outcome and attributable mortality in critically Ill patients with bacteremia involving methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant. Arch Intern Med, 2002.162 (19): p. 2229-35 Peng Gao, Julian Davies and Richard Yi Tsun Kao, "Dehydrosqualene desaturase as a novel target for antibacterial theur"

本発明の目的は、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するための化合物並びにその使用を提供することである。第1の態様では、本発明は化学式(I)で表すことができる化合物及び/又はその誘導体を提供する。

Figure 2020528405
(I)
式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、H;F;CI;Br;I;OH;CN;メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、その二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、その任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;アルキニル;アラルキル;アルカリル;ハロゲン化アルキル;ヘテロアルキル;アリール;ヘテロシクリル;シクロアルキル;シクロアルケニル;シクロアルキニル;ヒドロキシアルキル;アミノアルキル;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アシルアミノ;ヒドロキシル;チオール;チオアルキル;アルコキシ;アルキルチオ;アルコキシアルキル;アリールオキシ;アリールアルコキシ;アシルオキシ;ニトロ;カルバモイル;トリフルオロメチル;フェノキシ;ベンジルオキシ;ホスホン酸;リン酸エステル;スルホン酸(−SOH);スルホン酸エステル;スルホンアミド;アルカリル;アリールアルキル;カルバメート;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アルキルチオ;ヘテロアルキル;アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウム;ヘテロシクリル;ケトン(=O);エーテル(−OR);及びエステル(−COOR及び−OC(=O)R)からなる群から選択することができる。R及びRは、互いに結合して4、5又は6員環のヘテロシクリル、シクロアルケニル又はシクロアルキルを形成することができる。R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;及びアルキニルからなる群から選択することができる。 An object of the present invention is to provide compounds and their use for preventing and / or treating microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions. In the first aspect, the present invention provides a compound and / or a derivative thereof that can be represented by the chemical formula (I).
Figure 2020528405
(I)
In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are H; F; CI; Br; I; OH; CN; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec, respectively, independently or together. -(C 1-4 ) alkyls such as butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, the double bond anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain. (C 2-4 ) alkenyl; alkynyl; aralkyl; alkalil; alkyl halides; heteroalkyl; aryl; heterocyclyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; which can be located and contains any of its alkenyl coordinating isomers; Hydroxyalkyl; Aminoalkyl; Amino; Alkylamino; Arylamino; Dialkylamino; Alkylarylamino; Diarylamino; Acylamino; Hydroxyl; Thiol; Thioalkyl; alkoxy; Alkylthio; Alkoxyalkyl; Aryloxy; Arylalkoxy; Aryloxy; Nitro; Carbamoyl ; trifluoromethyl; phenoxy; benzyloxy; phosphonate; phosphate esters; acid (-SO 3 H); sulfonate ester; sulfonamide; alkaryl; arylalkyl; carbamates; amino; alkylamino; arylamino; dialkylamino From alkylarylamino; diarylamino; alkylthio; heteroalkyl; alkyltriphenylphosphonium; heterocyclyl; ketone (= O); ether (-OR 4 ); and esters (-COOR 5 and -OC (= O) R 5 ) Can be selected from the group of R 1 and R 2 can bond to each other to form a 4, 5- or 6-membered ring heterocyclyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl. R 4 and R 5 are (C 1-4 ) alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc., respectively or together; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as propenyl, butenyl, etc., the double bond can be located anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain and contains any alkenyl codent isomer (C 2-4 ). It can be selected from the group consisting of alkenyl; and alkynyl.

一実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体は、細菌に対する抗毒性剤であってもよい。 In one embodiment, the compound and / or its derivative may be an antitoxic agent against bacteria.

別の実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体は、細菌の毒性を減少させるのに有効である。 In another embodiment, the compound and / or its derivatives are effective in reducing bacterial toxicity.

他の実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体が毒性を減少させるのに有効である細菌は、ブドウ球菌種を含む。 In other embodiments, bacteria in which the compound and / or its derivatives are effective in reducing toxicity include staphylococcal species.

さらに別の実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体が毒性を減少させるのに有効である細菌は、黄色ブドウ球菌(S.aureus)を含む。 In yet another embodiment, the bacterium in which the compound and / or its derivative is effective in reducing toxicity includes Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

さらに別の実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体が毒性を減少させるのに有効である細菌は、メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)を含む。 In yet another embodiment, bacteria in which the compound and / or its derivatives are effective in reducing toxicity include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

他の実施形態において、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体により細菌の毒性を減少させることは、細菌中のスタフィロキサンチンの生合成を阻害すること及び/又は細菌宿主の免疫防御に耐性がある色素の生成を阻害すること若しくはその生成量を減少させることを含む。 In other embodiments, reducing bacterial toxicity with the compound and / or its derivatives inhibits bacterial staphyloxanthine biosynthesis and / or a dye that is resistant to the immune defense of the bacterial host. It includes inhibiting the production or reducing the amount of the production.

本発明の別の目的は、第1の態様における本化合物及び/又はその誘導体を有効量含む、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するための組成物を提供することである。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for preventing and / or treating a microbial infection and / or a related disease or condition, which comprises an effective amount of the compound and / or a derivative thereof in the first aspect. Is.

一実施形態において、微生物感染は細菌感染である。 In one embodiment, the microbial infection is a bacterial infection.

別の実施形態において、微生物感染はブドウ球菌感染を含む。 In another embodiment, the microbial infection comprises a staphylococcal infection.

他の実施形態において、組成物は薬学的に許容可能な担体、塩、エステル、賦形剤、媒体、プロドラッグ、溶媒及び希釈剤、又はそれらの任意の組み合わせをさらに含む。 In other embodiments, the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, salt, ester, excipient, vehicle, prodrug, solvent and diluent, or any combination thereof.

第2の態様において、本発明は、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するための本化合物及び/又はその誘導体の使用を提供する。この使用は、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態の防止及び/又は治療を必要とする対象の前記防止及び/又は治療するための組成物を調製する際、本化合物及び/又はその誘導体を使用することを含む。前記組成物は、1種以上の化学式(I)の化合物を有効量含む。

Figure 2020528405
(I)
式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、H;F;CI;Br;I;OH;CN;メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、その二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、その任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;アルキニル;アラルキル;アルカリル;ハロゲン化アルキル;ヘテロアルキル;アリール;ヘテロシクリル;シクロアルキル;シクロアルケニル;シクロアルキニル;ヒドロキシアルキル;アミノアルキル;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アシルアミノ;ヒドロキシル;チオール;チオアルキル;アルコキシ;アルキルチオ;アルコキシアルキル;アリールオキシ;アリールアルコキシ;アシルオキシ;ニトロ;カルバモイル;トリフルオロメチル;フェノキシ;ベンジルオキシ;ホスホン酸;リン酸エステル;スルホン酸(−SOH);スルホン酸エステル;スルホンアミド;アルカリル;アリールアルキル;カルバメート;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アルキルチオ;ヘテロアルキル;アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウム;ヘテロシクリル;ケトン(=O);エーテル(−OR);及びエステル(−COOR及び−OC(=O)R)からなる群から選択することができる。R及びRは、互いに結合して4、5又は6員環のヘテロシクリル、シクロアルケニル又はシクロアルキルを形成することができる。R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;及びアルキニルからなる群から選択することができる。R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
から任意に選択される。RはH又はメチルである。 In a second aspect, the invention provides the use of the compound and / or its derivatives to prevent and / or treat microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions. This use uses the compound and / or its derivatives in preparing compositions for the prevention and / or treatment of subjects in need of prevention and / or treatment of microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions. Including to use. The composition contains an effective amount of one or more compounds of the chemical formula (I).
Figure 2020528405
(I)
In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are H; F; CI; Br; I; OH; CN; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec, respectively, independently or together. -(C 1-4 ) alkyls such as butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, the double bond anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain. (C 2-4 ) alkenyl; alkynyl; aralkyl; alkalil; alkyl halides; heteroalkyl; aryl; heterocyclyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; which can be located and contains any of its alkenyl coordinating isomers; Hydroxyalkyl; Aminoalkyl; Amino; Alkylamino; Arylamino; Dialkylamino; Alkylarylamino; Diarylamino; Acylamino; Hydroxyl; Thiol; Thioalkyl; alkoxy; Alkylthio; Alkoxyalkyl; Aryloxy; Arylalkoxy; Aryloxy; Nitro; Carbamoyl ; trifluoromethyl; phenoxy; benzyloxy; phosphonate; phosphate esters; acid (-SO 3 H); sulfonate ester; sulfonamide; alkaryl; arylalkyl; carbamates; amino; alkylamino; arylamino; dialkylamino From alkylarylamino; diarylamino; alkylthio; heteroalkyl; alkyltriphenylphosphonium; heterocyclyl; ketone (= O); ether (-OR 4 ); and esters (-COOR 5 and -OC (= O) R 5 ) Can be selected from the group of R 1 and R 2 can bond to each other to form a 4, 5- or 6-membered ring heterocyclyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl. R 4 and R 5 are (C 1-4 ) alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc., respectively or together; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as propenyl, butenyl, etc., the double bond can be located anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain and contains any alkenyl codent isomer (C 2-4 ). It can be selected from the group consisting of alkenyl; and alkynyl. R 1 and R 2 are independent or together, respectively.
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
Is arbitrarily selected from. R 3 is H or methyl.

一実施形態において、微生物感染は細菌感染である。 In one embodiment, the microbial infection is a bacterial infection.

別の実施形態において、微生物感染はブドウ球菌感染を含む。 In another embodiment, the microbial infection comprises a staphylococcal infection.

他の実施形態において、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態は、ブドウ球菌種により引き起こされる。 In other embodiments, microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions are caused by staphylococcal species.

さらに別の実施形態において、ブドウ球菌種は黄色ブドウ球菌(S.aureus)を含む。 In yet another embodiment, the staphylococcus species comprises Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

さらに別の実施形態において、黄色ブドウ球菌はメチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)を含む。 In yet another embodiment, Staphylococcus aureus comprises methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

他の実施形態において、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態は、皮膚及び軟部組織、骨及び関節、手術創傷、留置装置、肺並びに心臓弁の感染を含む。 In other embodiments, microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions include infections of skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, surgical wounds, indwelling devices, lungs and heart valves.

ある特定の実施形態において、本使用は、この組成物を投与した対象において、微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を引き起こす細菌の毒性を減少させることをさらに含む。 In certain embodiments, the present use further comprises reducing the toxicity of bacteria causing microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions in subjects administered with this composition.

別の実施形態では、本使用は、この組成物を投与した対象における細菌中のスタフィロキサンチンの生合成を阻害すること及び/又は細菌宿主の免疫防御耐性のある色素の生成を阻害すること若しくはその生成量を減少させることをさらに含む。 In another embodiment, the present use inhibits the biosynthesis of staphyloxanthine in a bacterium in a subject to which this composition has been administered and / or inhibits the production of an immunoprotective dye in a bacterial host. It further includes reducing its production.

さらに別の実施形態において、対象又は細菌宿主は哺乳動物である。 In yet another embodiment, the subject or bacterial host is a mammal.

他の実施形態において、対象又は細菌宿主はヒトである。 In other embodiments, the subject or bacterial host is human.

以下の発明を実施するための形態では、本発明の例示的、非限定的、及び限定的な実施形態を示した添付の図面を参照する。本発明の上記の特徴を詳細に理解することができるよう実施形態を参照することにより、上記で簡単に要約した本発明のより詳細な説明を得ることができる。実施形態のいくつかは添付の図面に示されている。しかし、図面は本発明の典型的な実施形態のみを示したものであり、本発明の範囲を制限するとみなされるものではなく、したがって本発明は他の同等に有効な実施形態も許容することができる。
図1A〜図1Dは化合物NP16によるインビトロでの色素阻害を示す。全データは平均値±SDを表している。
NP16の濃度増加を用いた、野生型(WT)黄色ブドウ球菌における色素産生の阻害を示す。 NP16による色素阻害を示し、色素形成におけるIC50は、300nM以下である。 化合物NP16の化学構造を示す。 各種NP16濃度存在下における黄色ブドウ球菌COL株の増殖曲線を示す。
In embodiments for carrying out the invention below, reference is made to the accompanying drawings showing exemplary, non-limiting, and limited embodiments of the invention. By referring to embodiments so that the above features of the invention can be understood in detail, a more detailed description of the invention briefly summarized above can be obtained. Some of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the drawings show only typical embodiments of the invention and are not considered to limit the scope of the invention, and thus the invention may allow other equally effective embodiments. it can.
1A-1D show in vitro dye inhibition by compound NP16. All data represent mean ± SD.
Inhibition of pigment production in wild-type (WT) Staphylococcus aureus using increased concentration of NP16 is shown. It shows dye inhibition by NP16, and the IC50 in dye formation is 300 nM or less. The chemical structure of compound NP16 is shown. The growth curve of Staphylococcus aureus COL strain in the presence of various NP16 concentrations is shown.

図2A〜図2Dは酸化及び好中球による殺菌に対する感度が、NP16処理により増加さすることを示す。全データは平均値±SDを表している(***P<0.001、****P<0.0001)。P値は、グラフパッドプリズムを用いたウェルチ補正を伴う対応のないt検定により決定した。
化合物NP16のMDCK細胞に対する細胞障害活性を示す。 NP16処理した黄色ブドウ球菌COL株の、過酸化水素による殺菌に対する感受性増加を示す。 NP16処理した黄色ブドウ球菌COLの、好中球による殺菌に対する感受性増加を示す。 NP16処理した又は処理していない、各種の株から抽出したカロテノイドのUVスペクトルである。
2A-2D show that NP16 treatment increases the sensitivity to oxidation and sterilization by neutrophils. All data represent mean ± SD ( *** P <0.001, *** P <0.0001). The P-value was determined by unpaired t-test with Welch correction using GraphPad Prism.
The cytotoxic activity of compound NP16 on MDCK cells is shown. It shows the increased susceptibility of NP16-treated Staphylococcus aureus COL strain to sterilization by hydrogen peroxide. It shows an increased susceptibility of NP16 treated Staphylococcus aureus COL to sterilization by neutrophils. It is a UV spectrum of carotenoids extracted from various strains which have been treated with NP16 or not.

図3A〜図3FはCrtNのインビボでの作用及びNP16によるその阻害を示す。全データは平均値±SEMを表している(P<0.05、**P<0.01、***P<0.001)。P値は、グラフパッドプリズムを用いたウェルチ補正を伴う対応のないt検定により決定した。
野生型COL又はCOL−ΔcrtN株に感染したマウスの肝臓から回収した細菌を示す。 野生型COL又はCOL−ΔcrtN株に感染したマウスの脾臓から回収した細菌を示す。 化合物NP16で治療した又は治療していない、COL株に感染したマウスの肝臓から回収した細菌を示す。 化合物NP16で治療した又は治療していない、COL株に感染したマウスの脾臓から回収した細菌を示す。 臨床分離株AE052又はAE052−ΔcrtNに感染したマウスの腎臓から回収した細菌を示す。 化合物NP16で治療した又は治療していない、株AE052に感染したマウスの腎臓から回収した細菌を示す。
3A-3F show the action of CrtN in vivo and its inhibition by NP16. All data represent mean ± SEM ( * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001). The P-value was determined by unpaired t-test with Welch correction using GraphPad Prism.
Bacteria recovered from the liver of mice infected with wild-type COL or COL-ΔcrtN strain are shown. Bacteria recovered from the spleen of mice infected with wild-type COL or COL-ΔcrtN strain are shown. Bacteria recovered from the liver of mice infected with the COL strain, treated or untreated with compound NP16. Bacteria recovered from the spleen of mice infected with the COL strain, treated or untreated with compound NP16. Bacteria recovered from the kidneys of mice infected with the clinical isolate AE052 or AE052-ΔcrtN are shown. Bacteria recovered from the kidneys of strain AE052 infected mice treated or untreated with compound NP16 are shown.

黄色ブドウ球菌の色素産生を減少させる薬剤を発見するための確立されたスクリーニング法[非特許文献7]により、本化合物(以下、NP16と呼ぶ)及びその誘導体が、4,4−ジアポフィトエン不飽和化酵素(CrtN)を標的とすることで黄色ブドウ球菌の色素生成を阻止することが確認されている。CrtNは、黄色ブドウ球菌の抗毒性治療のための新しい標的として提案されている。黄色ブドウ球菌のスタフィロキサンチンは、宿主の免疫除去機構を妨害することで病態形成に実質的に寄与するが、その細菌のエクスビボでの生存にはほとんど影響を与えない。理論に束縛されるものではないが、スタフィロキサンチン生成を阻止する薬剤は、抗菌薬耐性に対する選択圧がかかることなく細菌感染の確立と維持を妨げ得ることが分かっている。 According to an established screening method [Non-Patent Document 7] for discovering a drug that reduces the pigment production of Staphylococcus aureus, this compound (hereinafter referred to as NP16) and its derivative are not 4,4-diapophytoene. It has been confirmed that targeting the saturating enzyme (CrtN) blocks the pigmentation of Staphylococcus aureus. CrtN has been proposed as a new target for the anti-toxic treatment of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus staphylococcus staphylococcus substantially contributes to pathogenesis by interfering with the host's immune deprivation mechanism, but has little effect on the bacterium's survival in Exvivo. Without being bound by theory, it has been found that agents that block staphyloxanthine production can prevent the establishment and maintenance of bacterial infections without the selective pressure on antimicrobial resistance.

NP16及びその誘導体は、化学式(I)で表すことができる。

Figure 2020528405
式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、H;F;CI;Br;I;OH;CN;メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、その二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、その任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;アルキニル;アラルキル;アルカリル;ハロゲン化アルキル;ヘテロアルキル;アリール;ヘテロシクリル;シクロアルキル;シクロアルケニル;シクロアルキニル;ヒドロキシアルキル;アミノアルキル;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アシルアミノ;ヒドロキシル;チオール;チオアルキル;アルコキシ;アルキルチオ;アルコキシアルキル;アリールオキシ;アリールアルコキシ;アシルオキシ;ニトロ;カルバモイル;トリフルオロメチル;フェノキシ;ベンジルオキシ;ホスホン酸;リン酸エステル;スルホン酸(−SOH);スルホン酸エステル;スルホンアミド;アルカリル;アリールアルキル;カルバメート;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アルキルチオ;ヘテロアルキル;アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウム;ヘテロシクリル;ケトン(=O);エーテル(−OR);及びエステル(−COOR及び−OC(=O)R)からなる群から選択することができる。R及びRは、互いに結合して、
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
等の4、5又は6員環のヘテロシクリル、シクロアルケニル又はシクロアルキルを形成することができる。RはH又はメチルである。R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル等の(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル、ブテニル等の(C2−4)アルケニルであって、二重結合はアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置することができ、任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;及びアルキニルからなる群から選択することができる。 NP16 and its derivatives can be represented by the chemical formula (I).
Figure 2020528405
In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are H; F; CI; Br; I; OH; CN; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec, respectively, independently or together. -(C 1-4 ) alkyls such as butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, the double bond anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain. (C 2-4 ) alkenyl; alkynyl; aralkyl; alkalil; alkyl halides; heteroalkyl; aryl; heterocyclyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; which can be located and contains any of its alkenyl coordinating isomers; Hydroxyalkyl; Aminoalkyl; Amino; Alkylamino; Arylamino; Dialkylamino; Alkylarylamino; Diarylamino; Acylamino; Hydroxyl; Thiol; Thioalkyl; alkoxy; Alkylthio; Alkoxyalkyl; Aryloxy; Arylalkoxy; Aryloxy; Nitro; Carbamoyl ; trifluoromethyl; phenoxy; benzyloxy; phosphonate; phosphate esters; acid (-SO 3 H); sulfonate ester; sulfonamide; alkaryl; arylalkyl; carbamates; amino; alkylamino; arylamino; dialkylamino From alkylarylamino; diarylamino; alkylthio; heteroalkyl; alkyltriphenylphosphonium; heterocyclyl; ketone (= O); ether (-OR 4 ); and esters (-COOR 5 and -OC (= O) R 5 ) Can be selected from the group of R 1 and R 2 are combined with each other
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
Etc., can form a 4, 5- or 6-membered ring heterocyclyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl. R 3 is H or methyl. R 4 and R 5 are (C 1-4 ) alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc., respectively or together; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl such as propenyl, butenyl, etc., the double bond can be located anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain and contains any alkenyl codentate isomer (C 2-4 ). It can be selected from the group consisting of alkenyl; and alkynyl.

化学式(I)の化合物としては表1に示す化合物を挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。

Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Examples of the compound of the chemical formula (I) include, but are not limited to, the compounds shown in Table 1.
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405

1種以上の化学式(I)の化合物を、1種以上の薬学的に許容可能な担体、塩、エステル、賦形剤、媒体、プロドラッグ、溶媒及び希釈剤と組み合わせて、かつ/又は混合して、組成物を製造することができる。 One or more compounds of Chemical Formula (I) are combined and / or mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, salts, esters, excipients, vehicles, prodrugs, solvents and diluents. The composition can be produced.

本明細書中、表現「薬学的に許容可能」は、動物及び/又はヒト用として、連邦政府若しくは州政府の規制機関により承認されているか、又は米国薬局方若しくは他の広く認められた薬局方に挙げられていることを意味し得る。 As used herein, the expression "pharmaceutically acceptable" is used for animals and / or humans, approved by federal or state regulatory agencies, or in the United States Pharmacopeia or other widely accepted pharmacopoeia. Can mean that it is listed in.

本明細書中、用語「担体」は化合物及び/又は抗生物質が共に投与される希釈剤、補助剤、賦形剤、及び/又は媒体を指し得る。このような製薬上の担体は、水、油等の滅菌液であってもよく、油は、例えば、ラッカセイ油、ダイズ油、鉱油、ゴマ油等の石油、動物、植物又は合成由来のものを含む。 As used herein, the term "carrier" may refer to a diluent, adjunct, excipient, and / or vehicle to which a compound and / or antibiotic is administered together. Such pharmaceutical carriers may be sterile solutions such as water, oil and the like, and the oils include those derived from petroleum, animals, plants or synthetics such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil and sesame oil. ..

本明細書中、表現「薬学的に許容可能な塩」は本明細書で定義される本化合物の誘導体を指し得る。親化合物はその酸性塩又は塩基性塩の作製により改変する。 As used herein, the expression "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" may refer to a derivative of the compound as defined herein. The parent compound is modified by making its acidic or basic salt.

対象における微生物感染を治療及び/又は防止する方法としては、対象に1種以上の化学式(I)の化合物を有効量投与することを含んでもよいが、これに限定されない。 Methods of treating and / or preventing microbial infections in a subject may include, but are not limited to, administering to the subject an effective amount of one or more compounds of formula (I).

微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を防止及び/又は治療するための組成物の調製における本化合物又はその誘導体の使用は、有効量の本化合物並びに/若しくはその誘導体、製薬上の担体、塩、エステル、賦形剤、媒体、プロドラッグ、溶媒、希釈剤又はそれらの任意の組み合わせを含むこの組成物の調製における本化合物及び/又は誘導体の使用であってもよいが、これに限定されない。 The use of the Compound or its derivatives in the preparation of compositions to prevent and / or treat microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions is an effective amount of the Compound and / or its derivatives, pharmaceutical carriers, salts. The use of the compounds and / or derivatives in the preparation of this composition, including, but not limited to, esters, excipients, vehicles, prodrugs, solvents, diluents or any combination thereof.

本明細書中、用語「治療」又は「治療すること」は、感染の発症若しくは進行を阻止若しくは阻害すること、又は阻止若しくは阻害しようと試みること、並びに/あるいは感染及び/若しくはその症状の軽減、抑制、後退、若しくは寛解を引き起こすこと、又は引き起こそうと試みることを指し得る。当業者には理解されるように、感染の発症又は進行を診断するために種々の臨床的及び科学的な方法論及びアッセイを使用してもよく、同様に、感染又はその症状の軽減、後退又は寛解を診断するために種々の臨床的及び科学的な方法論及びアッセイを使用してもよい。「治療」は、治療的処置及び予防又は防止策の両方を指す。治療が必要な対象としては、感染しやすい対象又は感染を防止すべき対象に加えて、すでに感染している対象も含む。少なくともいくつかの形態では、治療される感染症として黄色ブドウ球菌感染症を挙げることができるが、これに限定されない。他の形態では、治療される感染症は微生物感染症である。 In the present specification, the terms "treatment" or "treating" are used to prevent or prevent the onset or progression of an infection, or to attempt to prevent or prevent an infection, and / or to reduce the infection and / or its symptoms. It can refer to causing or attempting to cause suppression, retreat, or remission. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, various clinical and scientific methodologies and assays may be used to diagnose the onset or progression of the infection, as well as alleviation, retraction or retraction of the infection or its symptoms. Various clinical and scientific methodologies and assays may be used to diagnose remission. "Treatment" refers to both therapeutic treatment and preventive or preventive measures. Subjects in need of treatment include those who are susceptible to infection or whose infection should be prevented, as well as those who are already infected. In at least some forms, the infection to be treated may include, but is not limited to, S. aureus infection. In other forms, the infection being treated is a microbial infection.

投与としては、局所投与に加えて、カプセル、錠剤、顆粒、スプレー、シロップ又はその他の形態での経口経路による投与、水性懸濁液、油性配合物等として、又は点滴、座薬、膏薬、軟膏等としての非経口経路による投与、注射による皮下、腹腔内、静脈内、筋肉内、皮内等への投与、並びに放出制御製剤、デポ製剤、及び注入ポンプ送達を介した投与を挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。 As administration, in addition to topical administration, administration by oral route in capsules, tablets, granules, sprays, syrups or other forms, as aqueous suspensions, oily formulations, etc., or infusions, suppositories, ointments, ointments, etc. The administration by parenteral route, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal, etc. by injection, and administration via release control preparation, depot preparation, and infusion pump delivery can be mentioned. , Not limited to these.

静脈内投与の場合、滅菌した等張水性バッファー溶液中に本化合物をパッケージして組成物を作製することができる。この組成物は、必要に応じて可溶化剤を含むことができる。本化合物の組成物は、別々に供給する又は単位剤形中に共に混合して供給することができ、例えば、活性薬剤の量を表示したアンプル又は小袋等の密封容器中の乾燥した凍結乾燥粉末又は濃縮溶液として供給することができる。本化合物を注入により投与しようとする場合、滅菌した製薬等級の水又は生理食塩水を含む注入ボトルに分注することができる。本化合物を注射により投与する場合、注射前に成分を混合できるように、滅菌した水又は生理食塩水のアンプルを用いることができる。 For intravenous administration, the compound can be packaged in a sterilized isotonic aqueous buffer solution to prepare a composition. The composition can optionally contain a solubilizer. The composition of the compound can be supplied separately or mixed together in a unit dosage form and is, for example, a dry lyophilized powder in a sealed container such as an ampoule or sachet indicating the amount of active agent. Alternatively, it can be supplied as a concentrated solution. If the compound is to be administered by infusion, it can be dispensed into an infusion bottle containing sterile pharmaceutical grade water or saline. When the compound is administered by injection, an ampoule of sterile water or saline can be used so that the components can be mixed prior to injection.

本明細書において、用語「対象」は動物を指し得る。通常、用語「対象」及び「患者」は、本明細書においては対象として区別なく使用され得る。したがって、「対象」としては、患者として微生物感染の治療を受けているヒトを含み得る。 As used herein, the term "object" can refer to an animal. Generally, the terms "subject" and "patient" may be used interchangeably herein as subjects. Thus, a "subject" may include a human being treated for a microbial infection as a patient.

本明細書において、「動物」は、マウス、ラット、イヌ、ネコ、ウサギ、ブタ、サル、チンパンジー及びヒトを指し得る。 As used herein, "animal" can refer to mice, rats, dogs, cats, rabbits, pigs, monkeys, chimpanzees and humans.

本明細書において、用語「有効量」及び「治療上有効な量」は、記載された化合物、抗生物質及び医薬組成物に適用する場合には区別なく使用することができ、所望の治療結果をもたらすのに必要な量を意味し得る。例えば、有効量とは、組成物及び/若しくは抗生物質又は医薬組成物を投与した場合に感染の症状を治療、治癒又は緩和するのに有効な量である。求められる特定の治療目標に有効な量は、治療する感染並びにその発症/進行の重症度及び/又は段階、使用する具体的な化合物及び/若しくは抗生物質又は医薬組成物の生物学的利用能及び活性、対象における投与ルート又は投与方法及び導入部位、具体的な組成物のクリアランス速度及び他の薬物動態学的特性、治療の継続期間、接種レジメン、具体的な組成物と組み合わせて又は同時に使用する薬物、治療する対象の年齢、体重、性別、食事、生理機能及び全身の健康、並びに当業者に周知である類似の要因を含む様々な要因に依存することになる。治療する対象の状態に応じて用量は必然的にいくらか変化することになり、いずれにせよ、医師又は治療を施す他の個人が、個々の患者に適切な用量を決定することになる。さらに、記載された治療方法は対象の治療に適用されるだけではなく、細胞培養物、臓器、組織、又は個々の細胞に対してインビボ、エクスビボ又はインビトロで適用することも考え得る。 As used herein, the terms "effective amount" and "therapeutically effective amount" can be used without distinction when applied to the described compounds, antibiotics and pharmaceutical compositions to obtain the desired therapeutic result. It can mean the amount needed to bring. For example, an effective amount is an amount that is effective in treating, curing or alleviating the symptoms of infection when the composition and / or antibiotic or pharmaceutical composition is administered. Effective amounts for the particular therapeutic goals sought are the infection to be treated and the severity and / or stage of its onset / progression, the bioavailability of the specific compounds and / or antibiotics or pharmaceutical compositions used and Use in combination with or in combination with activity, route or method of administration and site of introduction in the subject, clearance rate and other pharmacokinetic properties of the specific composition, duration of treatment, inoculation regimen, specific composition It will depend on a variety of factors, including the drug, age, weight, gender, diet, physiological function and general health of the subject to be treated, as well as similar factors well known to those skilled in the art. The dose will necessarily vary somewhat depending on the condition of the subject being treated, and in any case, the physician or other individual receiving treatment will determine the appropriate dose for the individual patient. Furthermore, the described therapeutic methods may be applied not only to the treatment of the subject, but also to cell cultures, organs, tissues, or individual cells in vivo, ex vivo or in vitro.

本明細書において、用語「ヒドロカルビル」は、水素及び炭素原子のみからなる基の意味も含む。このような基は、脂肪族及び/又は芳香族基を含み得る。この基は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19又は20個の炭素原子を含み得る。ヒドロカルビル基としては、C1−6アルキル(例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ノルマルブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル等のC、C、C、Cアルキル);アリール(例えば、ベンジル)又はシクロアルキル(例えば、シクロプロピルメチル)により置換されたC1−6アルキル;シクロアルキル(例えば、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル);アリール(例えば、フェニル、ナフチルフルオレニル)が挙げられる。 As used herein, the term "hydrocarbyl" also includes the meaning of a group consisting only of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Such groups may include aliphatic and / or aromatic groups. This group may contain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 or 20 carbon atoms. .. Hydrocarbyl groups include C 1-6 alkyl (eg, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, normal butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl); aryl (eg, C 4 alkyl). , Benzyl) or C 1-6 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl (eg cyclopropylmethyl); cycloalkyl (eg cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl); aryl (eg phenyl, naphthylfluorenyl) Can be mentioned.

本明細書において、用語「アルキル」は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19又は20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキル基を意味し得る。アルキル基としては、例えば、「C1−6アルキル」及び「C2−10アルキル」が挙げられる。本明細書において、用語「C1−6アルキル」は、1、2、3、4、5又は6個の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキル基の意味も含む。本明細書において、用語「C2−10アルキル」は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10個の炭素原子を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキル基の意味も含む。この用語は、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル(n−プロピル又はイソプロピル)、ブチル(n−ブチル、sec−ブチル又はtert−ブチル)、ペンチル、ヘキシル等の基の意味も含む。特に、アルキル基は1、2、3、4、5又は6個の炭素原子を有してもよい。 As used herein, the term "alkyl" is used as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20. It can mean a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having 15 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl group include "C 1-6 alkyl" and "C 2-10 alkyl". As used herein, the term "C 1-6 alkyl" also includes the meaning of a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term "C 2-10 alkyl" also means a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms. Including. The term also includes the meaning of groups such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl (n-propyl or isopropyl), butyl (n-butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl), pentyl, hexyl and the like. In particular, the alkyl group may have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.

本明細書において、用語「アルケニル」及び「C2−6アルケニル」は2、3、4、5又は6個の炭素原子を有し、加えて、適用可能な場合にはE体又はZ体選択性の少なくとも1つの二重結合を有する、直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキル基の意味を含みえる。この用語は、例えばエテニル、2−プロペニル、1−ブテニル、2−ブテニル、3−ブテニル、1−ペンテニル、2−ペンテニル、3−ペンテニル、1−ヘキセニル、2−ヘキセニル及び3−ヘキセニル等の基の意味を含む。 As used herein, the terms "alkenyl" and "C 2-6 alkenyl" have 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms, plus E- or Z-form selection where applicable. It may include the meaning of a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having at least one double bond of sex. The term refers to groups such as ethenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl and 3-hexenyl. Including meaning.

本明細書において、用語「アルキニル」及び「C2−6アルキニル」は2、3、4、5又は6個の炭素原子を有し、加えて少なくとも1つの三重結合を有する、直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキル基の意味を含む。この用語は、例えば、エチニル、1−プロピニル、2−プロピニル、1−ブチニル、2−ブチニル、3−ブチニル、1−ペンチニル、2−ペンチニル、3−ペンチニル、1−ヘキシニル、2−ヘキシニル及び3−ヘキシニル等の基の意味を含む。 As used herein, the terms "alkynyl" and "C 2-6 alkynyl" are straight or branched chains having 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms plus at least one triple bond. Includes the meaning of an alkyl group. The term refers to, for example, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl and 3-. Includes the meaning of groups such as hexynyl.

本明細書において、用語「アルコキシ」及び「C1−6アルコキシ」は、−O−アルキルであって、アルキルが直鎖又は分岐鎖であり、かつ1、2、3、4、5又は6個の炭素原子を含む、−O−アルキルの意味を含む。1分類の実施形態において、アルコキシは1、2、3又は4個の炭素原子を有する。この用語は、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、tert−ブトキシ、ペントキシ、ヘキソキシ等の基の意味を含む。 As used herein, the terms "alkoxy" and "C 1-6 alkoxy" are -O-alkyl, the alkyl being linear or branched, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. Includes the meaning of -O-alkyl, including the carbon atom of. In one classification embodiment, the alkoxy has 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms. The term includes, for example, the meaning of groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy and the like.

本明細書において、用語「シクロアルキル」は、3、4、5、6、7又は8個の炭素原子を有する脂環基の意味を含む。この基は、架橋した又は多環系であってもよい。シクロアルキル基の多くは単環である。この用語は、例えば、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ノルボミル、ビシクロ[2.2.2]オクチル等の意味を含む。 As used herein, the term "cycloalkyl" includes the meaning of an alicyclic group having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms. This group may be crosslinked or polycyclic. Most of the cycloalkyl groups are monocyclic. The term includes, for example, the meanings of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, norvomil, bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl and the like.

本明細書において、用語「アリール」は、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15又は16個の環炭素原子を含む芳香環系の意味を含む。アリールの多くはフェニルであるが、少なくとも1個が芳香族である2個以上の環を有する多環系であってもよい。この用語は、例えば、フェニル、ナフチル、フルオレニル、アズレニル、インデニル、アントリル等の基の意味を含む。 As used herein, the term "aryl" includes the meaning of an aromatic ring system containing 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 ring carbon atoms. Most of the aryl is phenyl, but it may be a polycyclic system having two or more rings, at least one aromatic. The term includes, for example, the meaning of groups such as phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, indenyl, anthryl and the like.

「環式基」は、環又は環系を意味し、不飽和又は部分的不飽和であってもよいが、一般的に飽和であり、通常は5〜13個の環形成原子を含み、例えば5又は6員環である。環又は環系は、1個以上のヒドロカルビル基で置換されていてもよい。環式基としては、カルボシクリル及びヘテロシクリル部分が挙げられる。 "Cyclic group" means a ring or ring system, which may be unsaturated or partially unsaturated, but is generally saturated and usually contains 5 to 13 ring-forming atoms, eg, It is a 5- or 6-membered ring. The ring or ring system may be substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups. Cyclic groups include carbocyclyl and heterocyclyl moieties.

本明細書において、用語「カルボシクリル」は、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15又は16個の炭素環原子を有する飽和(例えば、シクロアルキル)又は不飽和(例えば、アリール)環基の意味を含む。特に、カルボシクリルは3〜10員環又は環系、特に5又は6員環を含み、飽和でも不飽和でもよい。環又は環系は、1個以上のヒドロカルビル基で置換されていてもよい。炭素環基は、例えば、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ノルボルニル、ビシクロ[2.2.2]オクチル、フェニル、ナフチル、フルオレニル、アズレニル、インデニル、アントリルから選択される。 As used herein, the term "carbocyclyl" is saturated with 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 carbon ring atoms (eg, cyclo). Includes the meaning of alkyl) or unsaturated (eg, aryl) ring groups. In particular, carbocyclyl comprises a 3-10 membered ring or ring system, particularly a 5 or 6 membered ring, which may be saturated or unsaturated. The ring or ring system may be substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups. The carbocyclic group is selected from, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, indenyl and anthryl.

本明細書において、用語「ヘテロシクリル」は、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15又は16個以上の環原子を有する飽和(例えば、ヘテロシクロアルキル)又は不飽和(例えば、ヘテロアリール)ヘテロ環基の意味を含み、これらの原子の少なくとも一つは、窒素、酸素、リン、ケイ素及び硫黄から選択される。特に、ヘテロシクリルは、3〜10員環又は環系、特に5又は6員環を含み、飽和でも不飽和でもよい。環又は環系は、1個以上のヒドロカルビル基で置換されていてもよい。 As used herein, the term "heterocyclyl" is saturated with 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 or more ring atoms (eg, hetero). It comprises the meaning of cycloalkyl) or unsaturated (eg, heteroaryl) heterocyclic groups, at least one of these atoms being selected from nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, silicon and sulfur. In particular, heterocyclyl comprises a 3-10-membered ring or ring system, particularly a 5- or 6-membered ring, and may be saturated or unsaturated. The ring or ring system may be substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups.

ヘテロ環基は、例えば、オキシラニル、アジリニル、1,2−オキサチオラニル、イミダゾリル、チエニル、フリル、テトラヒドロフリル、ピラニル、チオピラニル、チアントレニル、イソベンゾフラニル、ベンゾフラニル、クロメニル、2H−ピロリル、ピロリル、ピロリニル、ピロリジニル、ピロリジジニル(pyrrolizidinyl)、イミダゾリル、イミダゾリジニル、ベンゾイミダゾリル、ピラゾリル、ピラジニル、ピラゾリジニル、チアゾリル、イソチアゾリル、ジチアゾリル、オキサゾイル、イソキサゾイル、ピリジル、ピラジニル、ピリミジニル、ピペリジル、ピペラジニル、ピリダジニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、特に、チオモルホリノ、インドリジニル、イソインドリル、3H−インドリル、インドリル、ベンズイミダゾリル、クマリル(cumaryl)、インダゾリル、トリアゾリル、テトラゾイル、プリニル、4/V−キノリジニル、イソキノリル、キノリル、テトラヒドロキノリル、テトラヒドロイソキノリル、デカヒドロキノリル、オクタヒドロイソキノリル、ベンゾフラニル、ジベンゾフラニル、ベンゾチオフェニル、ジベンゾチオフェニル、フタラジニル、ナフチリジニル、キノキサリル、キナゾリニル、キナゾリニル、シンノリニル、プテリジニル、カルバゾイイル(carbazoiyl)、β−カルボリニル、フェナントリジニル、アクリジニル、ペリミジニル、フェナントロリニル、フラザニル、フェナジニル、フェノチアジニル、フェノキサジニル、クロメニル、イソクロマニル、クロマニル等から選択される。 Heterocyclic groups include, for example, oxylanyl, azirinyl, 1,2-oxathiolanyl, imidazolyl, thienyl, frill, tetrahydropyran, pyranyl, thiopyranyl, thianthrenyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, chromenyl, 2H-pyrrolill, pyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl. , Pyrrolizidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinyl, benzoimidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolydinyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, dithiazolyl, oxazoyl, isoxazoyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidyl, pyridiyl, pyridylidyl, pyridanol, , Isoindolyl, 3H-Indrill, Indrill, Benzimidazolyl, Kumaryl, Indazolyl, Triazolyl, Tetrazoyl, Prinyl, 4 / V-Kinolidinyl, Isoquinolyl, Kinolyl, Tetrahydroquinolyl, Tetrahydroisoquinolyl, Decahydroquinolyl, Octahydro Isoquinolyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyldinyl, quinoxalyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, carbazoyl, β-carboyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, peridinyl It is selected from phenanthrolinyl, frazanyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxadinyl, chromenyl, isochromanyl, chromanyl and the like.

本明細書において、用語「ヘテロシクロアルキル」は、3、4、5、6又は7個の環炭素原子、並びに窒素、酸素、リン及び硫黄から選択される1、2、3、4又は5個の環ヘテロ原子を有する飽和ヘテロ環基の意味を含む。この基は多環系であってもよいが、多くは単環である。この用語は、例えば、アゼチジニル、ピロリジニル、テトラヒドロフラニル、ピペリジニル、オキシラニル、ピラゾリジニル、イミダゾリル、インドリジジニル(indolizidinyl)、ピペラジニル、チアゾリジニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、キノリジジニル(quinolizidinyl)等の基の意味を含む。環又は環系は、1個以上のヒドロカルビル基で置換されていてもよい。 As used herein, the term "heterocycloalkyl" refers to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ring carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 selected from nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur. Includes the meaning of a saturated heterocyclic group having a ring heteroatom of. This group may be polycyclic, but many are monocyclic. The term includes, for example, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, oxylanyl, pyrazolydinyl, imidazolyl, indolididinyl, piperazinyl, thiazolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, quinolididinyl, etc. The ring or ring system may be substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups.

本明細書において、用語「ヘテロアリール」は、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15又は16個の環原子を有する芳香族ヘテロ環系の意味を含み、該環原子の1個は窒素、酸素及び硫黄から選択される。この基は、少なくとも1個が芳香族である2個以上の環を有する多環系であってもよいが、多くは単環である。環又は環系は、1個以上のヒドロカルビル基で置換されていてもよい。この用語は、例えば、ピリミジニル、フラニル、ベンゾ[b]チオフェニル、チオフェニル、ピロリル、イミダゾリル、ピロリジニル、ピリジニル、ベンゾ[b]フラニル、ピラジニル、プリニル、インドリル、ベンゾイミダゾリル、キノリニル、フェノチアジニル、トリアジニル、フタラジニル、2H−クロメニル、オキサゾイル、イソキサゾイル、チアゾリル、イソインドリル、インダゾリル、プリニル、イソキノリニル、キナゾリニル、プテリジニル等の基の意味を含む。 As used herein, the term "heteroaryl" includes the meaning of an aromatic heterocyclic system having 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 ring atoms. , One of the ring atoms is selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. This group may be a polycyclic system having two or more rings, at least one aromatic, but most are monocyclic. The ring or ring system may be substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups. The terms are, for example, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, benzo [b] thiophenyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyridinyl, benzo [b] flanyl, pyrazinyl, prynyl, indrill, benzoimidazolyl, quinolinyl, phenothiazine, triazinyl, phthalazinyl, 2H. -Includes the meaning of groups such as chromenyl, oxazoyl, isoxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoindrill, indazolyl, prynyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, pteridinyl and the like.

本明細書において、用語「ハロゲン」は、F、CI、Br又はIの意味を含む。 As used herein, the term "halogen" includes the meanings of F, CI, Br or I.

本明細書において、表現「ハロゲン含有基」は、少なくとも1個のハロゲンを含み、炭素、窒素、酸素及び硫黄から選択される複数原子価原子を1〜30個含む基の意味を含む。この基は、ヒドロカルビル、例えば、C1−6アルキル若しくはC1−6アルコキシであってもよく、又はカルボシクリル、例えば、アリールであってもよい。 As used herein, the expression "halogen-containing group" includes the meaning of a group containing at least one halogen and containing 1 to 30 plural valence atoms selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The group may be hydrocarbyl, eg, C 1-6 alkyl or C 1-6 alkoxy, or carbocyclyl, eg, aryl.

本明細書において、ある基に関して、用語「置換された」は、その基の1個以上、特に最大5個、とりわけ1、2又は3個の水素原子が、対応する数の記載されている置換基により互いに独立して置き換えられたことを意味する。本明細書において、用語「任意に置換された」は、置換又は非置換を意味する。置換基はそれらが化学的に可能な位置にのみ存在し、当業者はある特定の置換が可能かどうかを、容易に(実験的又は理論的に)決定することができるということが、当然理解される。 As used herein, with respect to a group, the term "substituted" is a substitution in which one or more, in particular up to five, in particular one, two or three hydrogen atoms of the group are described in corresponding numbers. It means that they were replaced independently of each other by the group. As used herein, the term "arbitrarily replaced" means replacement or non-replacement. It is of course understood that substituents are only present where they are chemically possible and one of ordinary skill in the art can easily (experimentally or theoretically) determine if a particular substitution is possible. Will be done.

本明細書において、用語「エナンチオマー」は、互いに鏡像を有する2個の立体異性体のうちの1個を意味する。 As used herein, the term "enantiomer" means one of two stereoisomers having mirror images of each other.

本明細書において、用語「ラセミ化合物」は、キラル分子のエナンチオマーの等量混合物を意味する。 As used herein, the term "racemic compound" means an equal amount mixture of enantiomers of chiral molecules.

本明細書において、用語「ジアステレオマー」は、エナンチオマーではなく、1個以上の同等のキラル中心で異なる立体配置を有する立体異性体のクラスの1つを意味する。ジアステレオマーは、例えば、キラル中心1つのみの配置が異なるエピマーである。 As used herein, the term "diastereomeric" means not an enantiomer, but one of a class of stereoisomers having different conformations at one or more equivalent chiral centers. A diastereomer is, for example, an epimer in which only one chiral center is arranged differently.

本明細書において、用語「立体異性体」は、分子式及び結合原子の配列は同じであるが、空間におけるそれらの原子の三次元配向が異なる異性体分子の分類の1つを意味する。 As used herein, the term "stereoisomer" refers to one of the classifications of isomer molecules that have the same molecular formula and arrangement of bonding atoms but differ in the three-dimensional orientation of those atoms in space.

本明細書において、用語「プロドラッグ」は、不活性な(又は完全な活性には及ばない)化学的誘導体として投与され、その後体内で、多くの場合通常の代謝プロセスを経て、活性のある薬理学的薬剤に変換される医薬品を意味する。 As used herein, the term "prodrug" is administered as an inert (or less than fully active) chemical derivative, followed by an active drug in the body, often through normal metabolic processes. It means a drug that is converted into a physical drug.

本明細書において、用語「独立して」は、挙げられた原子又は基から各々選択される2個以上の基について、それらの基同士が同じでも異なっていてもよいことを意味する。したがって、各基の独自性は、1個以上の他の基の独自性とは独立している。 As used herein, the term "independently" means that for two or more groups, each selected from the listed atoms or groups, the groups may be the same or different. Therefore, the uniqueness of each group is independent of the uniqueness of one or more other groups.

本明細書において、用語「一緒に」は、挙げられた原子又は基から選択される2個以上の基が同一であることを意味する。言い換えると、各基の独自性は挙げられた原子又は基から「一緒に」選択されることを意味する1個以上の他の基の独自性に依存している。 As used herein, the term "together" means that two or more groups selected from the listed atoms or groups are identical. In other words, the uniqueness of each group depends on the uniqueness of one or more other groups, which means they are selected "together" from the listed atoms or groups.

本明細書に記載される実施例及び実施形態は単に例示目的であり、その範囲内での種々の改良又は変更は、当業者に対して示唆され、また、本出願の趣旨及び範囲内に含まれる。さらに、本明細書中に記載されるいずれかの発明又はその具体例のいずれかの構成要素および限定は、本明細書中で開示されるいずれかの及び/又は全ての他の構成要素又は限定(個別に又はいずれかの組み合わせで)若しくはいずれか他の発明又はその具体例と組み合わせることができ、かかる組み合わせの全ては、それらに限定されることなく本発明の範囲内と意図される。 The examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only, and various improvements or modifications within that scope are suggested to those skilled in the art and are included within the gist and scope of the present application. Be. Moreover, any component and limitation of any of the inventions or examples thereof described herein is any other component or limitation disclosed herein. It can be combined (individually or in any combination) or with any other invention or embodiment thereof, all of which are intended to be within the scope of the invention without limitation.

細菌、マウス及び化学試薬Bacteria, mice and chemical reagents

黄色ブドウ球菌及び大腸菌(E. coli)の株を表2に挙げる。BALB/cマウスは、Charles River Laboratoriesから購入した。テリフィック培地(TB)中又はTB寒天上(Life Technologies)で黄色ブドウ球菌を培養した。特に指示がない限り、全実験は、色素産生の表現型が容易に識別できる時点である、遮光した黄色ブドウ球菌の培養36〜48時間後の定常期における培養物由来の細菌を用いて実施した。

Figure 2020528405
Table 2 lists the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. BALB / c mice were purchased from Charles River Laboratories. Staphylococcus aureus was cultivated in Terific medium (TB) or on TB agar (Life Technologies). Unless otherwise indicated, all experiments were performed using culture-derived bacteria in the stationary phase 36-48 hours after culture of shaded S. aureus, at a time when the phenotype of pigment production could be easily identified. ..
Figure 2020528405

最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)試験Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test

抗生物質の段階希釈液を含む96ウェルプレート中のBHI培地100μlに5×10個の黄色ブドウ球菌細胞を播種することで、MICを決定した。MICは、37℃で18時間インキュベート後、620nmで0.05OD未満の細胞密度となる最小濃度として定義し、これは目に見える増殖がないことに相当する。 The MIC was determined by seeding 100 μl of BHI medium in a 96-well plate containing a serial dilution of antibiotics with 5 × 10 4 S. aureus cells. MIC is defined as the minimum concentration that results in a cell density of less than 0.05 OD at 620 nm after incubation at 37 ° C. for 18 hours, which corresponds to no visible proliferation.

スタフィロキサンチン生成におけるNP−16類似体の評価Evaluation of NP-16 analogs in staphyloxanthine production

ブレインハートインフュージョン培地(BHI)中又はBHI寒天上(Oxoid)で黄色ブドウ球菌を培養した。インビトロでの色素阻害検討は、BHI中、阻害剤化合物の存在下又は非存在下、37℃、250rpmで36〜48時間培養した黄色ブドウ球菌USA300により実施した。メタノールを用いたスタフィロキサンチンの精製に先立ち、細菌をPBSで2回洗浄した。抽出物のODは、DTX880マルチプレートリーダー分光光度計(Beckman)を用いて450nmにてモニターした。試験に用いた化合物の濃度範囲は300nM〜700nMであり、対照群には同体積のDMSOを加えた。 Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in Brainheart infusion medium (BHI) or on BHI agar (Oxoid). In vitro dye inhibition studies were performed with Staphylococcus aureus USA300 cultured in BHI in the presence or absence of inhibitor compounds at 37 ° C. and 250 rpm for 36-48 hours. Bacteria were washed twice with PBS prior to purification of staphyloxanthine with methanol. The OD of the extract was monitored at 450 nm using a DTX880 multi-plate reader spectrophotometer (Beckman). The concentration range of the compound used in the test was 300 nM to 700 nM, and the same volume of DMSO was added to the control group.

MDCK細胞におけるNP16の細胞毒性評価Cytotoxicity assessment of NP16 in MDCK cells

MDCK細胞におけるNP16の細胞毒性を、MTT(3−[4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル]−2,5−ジフェニルテトラゾリウムブロミド)アッセイにより、取扱説明書に従い評価した。MTTアッセイが有効であることを保証するため、毒性対照(1%)SDSを含めた。溶解度の制限のため、使用できるNP16の最高濃度は500μMであった。グラフ作成にはSigmaPlot 11.0(SPSS,IL)を使用した。実験は、3連で2回繰り返した。 The cytotoxicity of NP16 in MDCK cells was evaluated by MTT (3- [4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl] -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay according to the instruction manual. Toxicity control (1%) SDS was included to ensure that the MTT assay was effective. Due to the limitation of solubility, the maximum concentration of NP16 that could be used was 500 μM. SigmaPlot 11.0 (SPSS, IL) was used to create the graph. The experiment was repeated twice in triplets.

阻害データをSigmaPlot(CA)の規定の用量反応曲線に当てはめることにより、IC50値を得た。 IC50 values were obtained by fitting the inhibition data to the prescribed dose-response curve of SigmaPlot (CA).

Raw264.7細胞における他のNP−16類似体の細胞毒性評価Cytotoxicity assessment of other NP-16 analogs in Raw264.7 cells

Raw264.7細胞におけるNP−16及びその類似体のいくつかの細胞毒性も、MTT(3−[4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル]−2,5−ジフェニルテトラゾリウムブロミド)アッセイにより、取扱説明書に従い評価した。MTTアッセイが適切に機能していることを保証するため、毒性対照(1%)SDSを含めた。溶解度の制限のため、使用したNP−16類似体の最高濃度は500μMであった。グラフ作成にはSigmaPlot 11.0(SPSS,IL)を使用した。実験は3連で行い、2回繰り返した。 Some cytotoxicities of NP-16 and its analogs in Raw264.7 cells are also described by MTT (3- [4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl] -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Evaluated according to the book. Toxicity control (1%) SDS was included to ensure that the MTT assay was functioning properly. Due to the limitation of solubility, the maximum concentration of the NP-16 analog used was 500 μM. SigmaPlot 11.0 (SPSS, IL) was used to create the graph. The experiment was performed in triplets and repeated twice.

NP−16及びそのいくつかの類似体のRaw264.7細胞に対する細胞毒性を試験し、各化合物の細胞寛容性を表3に示す。NP−16類似体のインビトロでのスタフィロキサンチン生成の試験中、これらの化合物はスタフィロキサンチン生成を阻害することができる。一晩培養した細菌由来のスタフィロキサンチンをメタノールで抽出し、分光光度測定により定量した。その結果を、阻害率及びTC50の両方において、NP−16に対する相対比として表3に挙げる(化合物/類似体番号は表1に挙げられているものと対応する)。

Figure 2020528405
The cytotoxicity of NP-16 and some of its analogs to Raw264.7 cells was tested and the cell tolerance of each compound is shown in Table 3. During in vitro staphyloxanthine production testing of NP-16 analogs, these compounds can inhibit staphyloxanthine production. Bacterial staphyloxanthine cultured overnight was extracted with methanol and quantified by spectrophotometric measurement. The results are listed in Table 3 as relative ratios to NP-16 in both inhibition rate and TC50 (compound / analog numbers correspond to those listed in Table 1).
Figure 2020528405

crtNの発現、精製及び酵素アッセイexpression, purification and enzyme assay of crtN

ヒスチジン−マルトース結合タンパク質(MBP)タグを備えたCrtNを、大腸菌Rosetta(DE3)細胞にて過剰発現させた。一晩培養物10mlを、100μg/mlのアンピシリンを追加した1LのLB培地中に移した。1mMのIPTGを用い、600nm、OD0.6にて、16℃で12時間誘導を行った。細胞可溶化物をNi−NTAカラムに充填し、CrtNは、50mMのリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に、pH6.6の400nM塩化ナトリウムを含む0〜0.4Mイミダゾール75mlの直接濃度勾配を用いて溶出した。採取した画分をSDS−PAGEにより分析し、MBP−CrtNのピークを確認した。標的のピーク画分を濃縮し、PD−10カラム(GE Healthcare)を用いてバッファーをイミダゾールを含まないローディングバッファーに交換した。採取した溶液を、TEVプロテアーゼにて4℃で一晩処理した。タンパク質試料をマルトースカラムに供し、通過画分を天然のCrtNタンパク質として採取した。酵素アッセイ用に、精製したCrtN10μgを4,4’−ジアポフィトエンリポソーム(diapophytoene liposomes)100μl(4,4’−ジアポフィトエン5nmolを含む)、150μMFAD及び20mMバッファーII(pH8.0のリン酸バッファー、100mMNaCl)を含む総体積660μlの液中、37℃で2時間インキュベートした(標準アッセイ)。1分子容のCHCl:MeOH(2:1、v/v)を加えることにより、反応を停止させた。混合後、試料を16,000gで10分間遠心分離した。LC/MS分析用に、有機相を乾燥させた。 CrtN with the histidine-maltose binding protein (MBP) tag was overexpressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) cells. 10 ml of overnight culture was transferred to 1 L of LB medium supplemented with 100 μg / ml ampicillin. Induction was performed at 16 ° C. for 12 hours at 600 nm and OD 0.6 using 1 mM IPTG. The cell solubilized product was packed in a Ni-NTA column and CrtN was eluted in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer using a direct concentration gradient of 0-0.4 M imidazole 75 ml containing 400 nM sodium chloride at pH 6.6. .. The collected fraction was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and the peak of MBP-CrtN was confirmed. The peak fraction of the target was concentrated and the buffer was replaced with an imidazole-free loading buffer using a PD-10 column (GE Healthcare). The collected solution was treated with TEV protease overnight at 4 ° C. The protein sample was placed on a maltose column and the transit fraction was collected as a natural CrtN protein. For enzyme assays, 10 μg of purified CrtN was added to 100 μl of 4,4'-diapophytoene liposomes (containing 5 nmol of 4,4'-diapophytoene), 150 μMFAD and 20 mM buffer II (pH 8.0 phosphate buffer). , 100 mM NaCl) in a total volume of 660 μl, incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 hours (standard assay). The reaction was stopped by adding a single molecule of CHCl 3 : MeOH (2: 1, v / v). After mixing, the sample was centrifuged at 16,000 g for 10 minutes. The organic phase was dried for LC / MS analysis.

カロテノイドの単離Isolation of carotenoids

基質(4,4’−ジアポフィトエン)及び生成物(4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレン)を、COL−ΔcrtN株及びCOL−ΔcrtOP株から抽出した。培養した細菌ペレット1リットル当たり300mlのメタノールを用いて、目に見える色素を全て取り除かれるまで、細胞ペレットからカロテノイドを抽出した。遠心分離(4℃、8,000g)後、有色の上澄みをプールし、EZ−2Plus遠心エバポレーター(Genevac Inc.,Gardiner,NY,USA)を用いて50mlに濃縮した。試料を100mlのEtOAc及び200mlのNaCl(2.5M)と混合した。上部有機相の抽出試料を採取し、同体積の蒸留水で洗浄し、EZ−2Plusエバポレーターを用いて乾燥させた。乾燥試料はシリカゲル分離に供せる状態であった、又は分析前に−70℃で保存した。構造を解明するためにHPLCの保持時間、UV可視吸収スペクトル及び質量スペクトルフラグメンテーションの組み合わせで、カロテノイドを同定した。大気圧化学イオン化インターフェースを備えたVarian 1200L LC/MSシステムにて、m/zが200〜1000である質量範囲で、ネガティブイオンモード及びポジティブイオンモードの両方を用いて質量スペクトルフラグメンテーションをモニターした。 Substrate (4,4'-diapophytoene) and product (4,4'-diaponulosporene) were extracted from the COL-ΔcrtN and COL-ΔcrtOP strains. Carotenoids were extracted from the cell pellet with 300 ml of methanol per liter of cultured bacterial pellet until all visible pigment was removed. After centrifugation (4 ° C., 8,000 g), the colored supernatant was pooled and concentrated to 50 ml using an EZ-2 Plus centrifugal evaporator (Genevac Inc., Gardiner, NY, USA). The sample was mixed with 100 ml EtOAc and 200 ml NaCl (2.5M). An extracted sample of the upper organic phase was taken, washed with the same volume of distilled water and dried using an EZ-2Plus evaporator. The dried sample was ready for silica gel separation or stored at −70 ° C. before analysis. Carotenoids were identified by a combination of HPLC retention time, UV visible absorption spectrum and mass spectrum fragmentation to elucidate the structure. Mass spectral fragmentation was monitored using both negative and positive ion modes over a mass range of 200-1000 m / z on a Varian 1200L LC / MS system equipped with an atmospheric chemical ionization interface.

過酸化水素感受性アッセイHydrogen peroxide sensitivity assay

NP16(40μM)を含む又は含まないBHI中で、黄色ブドウ球菌を増殖させた。2日後、細菌をPBS中で2回洗浄し、96ウェルプレート中で反応混合物100μl当たり1×10CFUの濃度に希釈した。過酸化水素(H)のPBS溶液を最終濃度440mMになるまで加え、該プレートを37℃で1時間、振とうしながらインキュベートした。1,000U/ml外因性カタラーゼ(Sigma−Aldrich,St.Louis,MO)を加えて反応を停止させ、BHI寒天プレート上で平板培養することで細菌生存率を評価した。 Staphylococcus aureus was grown in BHI with or without NP16 (40 μM). After 2 days, the bacteria were washed twice in PBS, and diluted to a concentration of the reaction mixture 100μl per 1 × 10 7 CFU in 96 well plates. A solution of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in PBS was added to a final concentration of 440 mM and the plate was incubated at 37 ° C. for 1 hour with shaking. Bacterial viability was evaluated by adding 1,000 U / ml exogenous catalase (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) to stop the reaction and culturing on a plate on a BHI agar plate.

多形核白血球の殺菌活性Bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes

一部変更した以外は先に記載した通り[非特許文献9]、ヒト多形核白血球(PMN)による黄色ブドウ球菌の死滅を測定した。すなわち、24ウェルの組織培養プレート中で、PMN(10個)を〜10個のオプソニン化黄色ブドウ球菌細菌MOI=10と混合した。380gで8分間遠心分離した後、プレートを37℃で最大1.5時間インキュベートした。PMNをサポニンで溶解し(氷上で20分間)、BHIAプレート上で平板培養した。時間ゼロで正規化して生存率を計算した。スチューデントのt検定(GraphPad Prism)で統計を実施した。 As described above [Non-Patent Document 9] , the killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was measured except for some changes. That is, in a 24-well tissue culture plates were PMN (10 6 cells) were mixed with 10 seven opsonized Staphylococcus aureus bacteria MOI = 10. After centrifugation at 380 g for 8 minutes, the plates were incubated at 37 ° C. for up to 1.5 hours. PMN was lysed with saponin (20 minutes on ice) and plate cultured on BHIA plates. Survival was calculated by normalizing at zero time. Statistics were performed by Student's t-test (GraphPad Prism).

腹腔内感染のマウスモデルMouse model of intra-abdominal infection

8〜10週齢のメスのBALB/cマウスに、4×10CFUの定常期初期黄色ブドウ球菌COLを腹腔内(i.p)注射した。3日後、該マウスを安楽死させ、肝臓及び脾臓を分離し、PBS中で均質化し、平板培養して生細胞数を得た。治療調査のため、実験開始時にマウスを2群に無作為化し、0.35mgのNP16、又は対照として5%Tween−80を含むPBSのいずれかを、−1日目に開始して2日目まで、1日2回腹腔内投与した(各々について合計8用量)。0日目に、4×10CFUの定常期初期黄色ブドウ球菌COLによる腹腔内攻撃を実施した。肝臓及び脾臓の粉砕物中での細菌のCFUを計数するため、3日目にマウスを屠殺した。 Female BALB / c mice aged 8 to 10 weeks were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 4 × 10 8 CFU of early-stage Staphylococcus aureus COL. After 3 days, the mice were euthanized, the liver and spleen were separated, homogenized in PBS, and flat-cultured to obtain viable cell count. Mice were randomized into two groups at the start of the experiment for treatment investigation and either 0.35 mg of NP16 or PBS containing 5% Tween-80 as a control was started on day 1 and day 2 Was administered intraperitoneally twice daily (8 doses in total for each). On day 0, it was performed intraperitoneal attack by early stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus COL of 4 × 10 8 CFU. Mice were sacrificed on day 3 to count bacterial CFU in liver and spleen grounds.

臨床分離株である黄色ブドウ球菌株AE052に関しては、感染モデルにて10CFUの定常期初期細菌を使用したこと、及び細菌負荷をモニターするために腎臓を採取したことを除き、全操作はCOL株の場合と同様に行った。スチューデントのt検定(GraphPad Prism)を用いて統計を実施した。 For the S. aureus strains AE052 is a clinical isolate, except for using early stationary phase bacteria 10 8 CFU in infection models, and that it has taken the kidney to monitor bacterial load, total operation COL This was done in the same way as for stocks. Statistics were performed using Student's t-test (GraphPad Prism).

化合物NP16による色素生成量の減少Reduction of dye production by compound NP16

図1Aに示すように、化合物NP16(図1Cに示す構造)はインビトロでの黄色ブドウ球菌の色素形成に対して強力な活性を有し、IC50値は100〜300nMの範囲であった(図1B)。スタフィロキサンチンの生合成において、CrtM触媒前の生成物は無色であるのに対して、CrtNの生成物である4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレンは黄色がかった化合物である。したがって、NP16治療では、CrtM若しくはCrtN、又はsigB若しくはispA等crtOPQMNクラスターの発現に影響を与える他の調節因子を標的とすることが提案されている[非特許文献10]。USA300に対するNP16のMICは、500μMより大きかった(図1D)。 As shown in FIG. 1A, compound NP16 (structure shown in FIG. 1C) has potent activity against pigmentation of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro, IC 50 values ranged from 100 to 300 nm (Fig. 1B). In the biosynthesis of staphyloxanthine, the product before CrtM catalyst is colorless, whereas the product of CrtN, 4,4'-diaponerosporene, is a yellowish compound. Therefore, it has been proposed that NP16 treatment targets other regulators that affect the expression of crtOPQMN clusters such as CrtM or CrtN, or sigB or ispA [Non-Patent Document 10] . The MIC of NP16 for USA300 was greater than 500 μM (Fig. 1D).

遺伝子欠損変異株の生成物分析により、コードされた5つの酵素の機能を特徴づけた。スタフィロキサンチンの生合成では、第1に、ファルネシル二リン酸2分子がhead−to−headで縮合してデヒドロスクアレン(4,4’−ジアポフィトエン)が形成され、これはデヒドロスクアレン合成酵素CrtMにより触媒される。第2に、デヒドロスクアレンはデヒドロスクアレン不飽和化酵素CrtNにより脱水素化され、黄色の中間体である4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレンが形成される。第3に、4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレンの末端メチル基の酸化が混合機能オキシダーゼCrtPにより触媒され、4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレン酸が形成される。次に、糖転移酵素であるCrtQが関与して、4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレン酸のC1”位のグルコースがエステル化されることで、グリコシル4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレノエート(diaponeurosporenoate)が形成される。最後に、アシルトランスフェラーゼCrtOによりC6”位のグルコースが12−メチルテトラデカン酸のカルボキシル基でエステル化され、スタフィロキサンチンが得られる。スタフィロキサンチンは、β−D−グルコピラノシル1−O−(4,4’−ジアポニューロスポレン−4−オエート)−6−O−(12−メチルテトラデカノエート)として同定された。 Product analysis of the gene-deficient mutant strain characterized the function of the five encoded enzymes. In the biosynthesis of staphyloxanthine, first, two molecules of farnesyl diphosphate are condensed in a head-to-head to form dehydrosqualene (4,4'-diapophytoene), which is a dehydrosqualene synthase. Catalyzed by CrtM. Second, dehydrosqualene is dehydrogenated by the dehydrosqualene desaturase CrtN to form the yellow intermediate 4,4'-diaponerosporene. Third, the oxidation of the terminal methyl group of 4,4'-diaponerosporene is catalyzed by the mixed function oxidase CrtP to form 4,4'-diaponerosporene. Next, the glycosyltransferase, CrtQ, is involved, and the glucose at the C1 ″ position of 4,4′-diaponerosporenoic acid is esterified to form glycosyl 4,4′-diaponerosporeno. An ate (diaponeurosporenoate) is formed. Finally, the glucose at the C6 ″ position is esterified with the carboxyl group of 12-methyltetradecanoic acid by the acyltransferase CrtO to obtain staphyloxanthin. Staphyloxanthine was identified as β-D-glucopyranosyl 1-O- (4,4'-diaponerosporene-4-oate) -6-O- (12-methyltetradecanoate).

NP16によるCrtNの阻害に伴うHH associated with inhibition of CrtN by NP16 2 O 2 及び好中球による死滅And death by neutrophils

CrtNの生物学的活性を精査するため、対立遺伝子の置換により、COL株の同質遺伝子的crtN変異株を発生させた。変異の結果、黄色色素が消失した。化合物NP16は、MDCK細胞の増殖に影響を及ぼさなかった(図2A)。NP16存在下で増殖した黄色ブドウ球菌では、色素生成量の低下が見られた(図1A)。黄色ブドウ球菌の色素形成を阻止すると、過酸化水素による病原体死滅に対する病原体の感受性が増加した。非色素産生株であるRN6390の場合、その感受性はNP16処理とは無関係に同様であった(図2B)。さらに、カロテノイド生成株として(図2D)、COLの生存は、ヒト好中球中でRN6390及びNP16処理したCOLよりも有意に良好であった(図2C)。 To investigate the biological activity of CrtN, allele substitutions resulted in the generation of a homogeneous crtN mutant of the COL strain. As a result of the mutation, the yellow pigment disappeared. Compound NP16 did not affect the proliferation of MDCK cells (Fig. 2A). In Staphylococcus aureus grown in the presence of NP16, a decrease in the amount of pigment produced was observed (Fig. 1A). Blocking Staphylococcus aureus pigmentation increased the pathogen's susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide-induced pathogen killing. In the case of the non-pigmenting strain RN6390, its susceptibility was similar regardless of NP16 treatment (Fig. 2B). Moreover, as a carotenoid-producing strain (FIG. 2D), COL survival was significantly better than RN6390 and NP16 treated COL in human neutrophils (FIG. 2C).

動物実験Animal experimentation

黄色ブドウ球菌全身感染モデルを用いることで、黄色ブドウ球菌由来の酵素CrtMが、毒性因子の中和に基づく抗感染療法の標的となることが明らかになった[非特許文献3]。同様のモデルを適用し、crtNもまたマウスにおける感染に不可欠であるかどうかを判断した。同質遺伝子的黄色ブドウ球菌変異株COL−ΔcrtNを接種したマウスでは、持続的な感染をもたらした4×10CFUの(腹腔内注射された)野生型黄色ブドウ球菌と比較して、肝臓及び脾臓由来の細菌集団が小さいものであったため、スタフィロキサンチンの消失により侵襲性疾患の可能性が減少した(図3A及び3B)。COL株は低毒性株であるため、1日目から3日目までは腎臓中に細菌は検出されなかった。 By using the Staphylococcus aureus systemic infection model, it was clarified that the enzyme CrtM derived from S. aureus is a target of anti-infection therapy based on the neutralization of toxic factors [Non-Patent Document 3] . A similar model was applied to determine if crtN was also essential for infection in mice. In the mice inoculated with isogenic Staphylococcus aureus mutant COL-ΔcrtN, persistent infection and lead was 4 × of 10 8 CFU (which is intraperitoneal injection) compared to wild-type S. aureus, liver and spleen Due to the small bacterial population of origin, the loss of staphylococcus reduced the likelihood of invasive disease (FIGS. 3A and 3B). Since the COL strain is a low-toxic strain, no bacteria were detected in the kidney from the 1st to the 3rd day.

別の強毒性の臨床分離株であるAE052、及びCrtN酵素を欠くそのアイソジェニックな同質遺伝子的黄色ブドウ球菌変異株もまた、同様に検討した。腎臓では、野生型株と比較して、変異株は感染の72時間後に宿主により除去された(図3E)。 Another highly virulent clinical isolate, AE052, and its isogenic homogeneous genetic Staphylococcus aureus mutant lacking the CrtN enzyme were also investigated. In the kidney, the mutant strain was cleared by the host 72 hours after infection compared to the wild-type strain (Fig. 3E).

図3A、3B及び3Eで用いたものと同じ腹腔内攻撃に加え、1群のマウス(n=14)を0.35mgのNP16で、2群(n=12)を溶媒対照で、1日2回(−1日目、0日目、1日目及び2日目)処理した。72時間目にマウスを屠殺すると、化合物NP16で治療したマウスの肝臓及び脾臓における黄色ブドウ球菌COLの細菌数は、対照群の細菌数よりも有意に低いものであった(P<0.01)(図3C及び3D)。AE052感染の場合、NP16で治療したマウスの腎臓における細菌数は対照群の細菌数よりも有意に低いものであり(P<0.001)(両群においてn=10)、10匹中6匹が検出閾値未満であった。これに対して、対照群では10匹中2匹のみが検出閾値未満であった(図3F)。この結果は、COL又はAE052に感染した治療群中の生存細菌が98%減少したことを示すものである。 In addition to the same intraperitoneal attack used in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3E, group 1 mice (n = 14) with 0.35 mg NP16 and group 2 (n = 12) with solvent control 2 days a day. Treatment was performed once (-1st day, 0th day, 1st day and 2nd day). When the mice were killed at 72 hours, the bacterial counts of S. aureus COL in the liver and spleen of the mice treated with compound NP16 were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01). (FIGS. 3C and 3D). In the case of AE052 infection, the bacterial count in the kidneys of mice treated with NP16 was significantly lower than the bacterial count in the control group (P <0.001) (n = 10 in both groups), 6 out of 10 mice. Was below the detection threshold. In contrast, in the control group, only 2 out of 10 animals were below the detection threshold (Fig. 3F). This result indicates a 98% reduction in viable bacteria in the treatment group infected with COL or AE052.

考察 Consideration

NP−16はCrtNに対する阻害剤であり、黄色ブドウ球菌に対して抗毒性効果を発揮できることが明らかになった。CrtM及びCrtNは、スタフィロキサンチンの生合成において重要な酵素である[非特許文献11]。スタフィロキサンチンは宿主防御に対する黄色ブドウ球菌寛容性において重要な役割を担うと同時に、黄色ブドウ球菌に対して使用するための、合理的薬物設計における標的候補の基盤となる。通常の宿主の自然免疫除去に対して感受性を有する病原体に対する機構のみを標的とする、直接的な殺菌特性のない新規の抗感染薬を提供することを提案する。ヒトSQSと細菌CrtMとの間には30%の配列相同性があるため、重要な構造的特徴を共有している。このような相同体の存在により、新薬の開発につながるような標的としてのCrtMの使用が困難となった。これは最近出版された、BPH652のCrtMに対する特異性向上に焦点を当てた調査[非特許文献12]によりさらに裏付けられている。CrtMと比較して、CrtNはヒトコレステロール生合成経路に相同酵素を含んでおらず、このため、魅力的な薬物標的となる。最近提案されたCrtN阻害剤であるナフチフィン(nafitifine)は局所投与される抗真菌化合物であり[非特許文献13]、高濃度で多形核白血球の走化性、化学運動性、化学発光及びスーパーオキシドアニオンの生成を抑制することが示されている[非特許文献14]。ナフチフィンの効果は各種器官で安定しておらず(効果がないものから細菌負荷がほぼ4log減少するものまで)、CrtN変異株(細菌負荷が常に0.2〜最大2log減少する)と矛盾する。これは、CrtNはナフチフィンの主標的とはならないことを示していると考えられている[非特許文献6]It has been clarified that NP-16 is an inhibitor against CrtN and can exert an antitoxic effect against Staphylococcus aureus. CrtM and CrtN are important enzymes in the biosynthesis of staphyloxanthine [Non-Patent Document 11] . Staphylococcus aureus plays an important role in S. aureus tolerance to host defense and at the same time provides a basis for potential targets in rational drug design for use against S. aureus. We propose to provide novel anti-infective agents that do not have direct bactericidal properties, targeting only mechanisms against pathogens that are sensitive to innate immune depletion of normal hosts. Due to the 30% sequence homology between human SQS and bacterial CrtM, they share important structural features. The presence of such homologues has made it difficult to use CrtM as a target that could lead to the development of new drugs. This is further supported by a recently published study focusing on improving the specificity of BPH652 for CrtM [Non-Patent Document 12] . Compared to CrtM, CrtN does not contain homologous enzymes in the human cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, making it an attractive drug target. The recently proposed CrtN inhibitor naftifine is a locally administered antifungal compound [Non-Patent Document 13] , with high concentrations of chemotaxis, chemomotility, chemoluminescence and superoxide of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It has been shown to suppress the formation of oxide anions [Non-Patent Document 14] . The effects of naftifine are not stable in various organs (from ineffective to those with a nearly 4 log reduction in bacterial load) and are inconsistent with CrtN mutants (bacterial load is always reduced by 0.2 to a maximum of 2 log). This is considered to indicate that CrtN is not the main target of naftifine [Non-Patent Document 6] .

細菌を排除するために、貪食細胞はROSを使用する。貪食細胞は、ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチドリン酸(NADPH)オキシダーゼにより生成される[非特許文献15]。黄色ブドウ球菌により発現する細菌カロテノイドには、これらの防御分子に対する保護機能がある可能性がある[非特許文献4、16]。色素が欠乏した黄色ブドウ球菌株は、野生型黄色ブドウ球菌株と比較して、インビトロにおいて酸化剤、過酸化水素及び一重項酸素に対する感度が高いことが証明されている[非特許文献1]。細菌内の阻害アッセイシステムを用いて、カロテノイド合成を妨害する同質遺伝子的CrtN変異株は、精製したヒト好中球に対してより感受性が高いことが示された。これにより、黄色ブドウ球菌の細胞内生存におけるCrtNの重要性が確認された。 To eliminate the bacteria, phagocytic cells use ROS. Phagocytic cells are produced by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase [Non-Patent Document 15] . Bacterial carotenoids expressed by Staphylococcus aureus may have a protective function against these protective molecules [Non-Patent Documents 4 and 16] . It has been proved that the pigment-deficient Staphylococcus aureus strain is more sensitive to oxidizing agents, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen in vitro than the wild-type Staphylococcus aureus strain [Non-Patent Document 1] . Intrabacterial inhibition assay systems have shown that homogeneous genetic CrtN mutants that interfere with carotenoid synthesis are more sensitive to purified human neutrophils. This confirmed the importance of CrtN in the intracellular survival of S. aureus.

直接的な殺菌特性のないCrtN阻害剤には、薬物耐性を発揮するために病原体又は常在菌叢に直接的な選択圧をかけないという理論上の利点があるはずである。きわめて特異的な抗ブドウ球菌療法用の他の毒性因子に基づく概念[非特許文献3、17]だけではなく、我々のアプローチもまた、病原体クリアランスのための宿主における通常の自然免疫応答を主に頼りにするものである。このような手法は、抗生物質で観察される場合とは異なり薬剤抵抗性の病原体が生じるリスクが限定されるため、臨床治療及び予防用途においてはるかに理想的である。 CrtN inhibitors that do not have direct bactericidal properties should have the theoretical advantage of not exerting direct selective pressure on pathogens or indigenous flora in order to exert drug resistance. In addition to the highly specific concept based on other toxic factors for anti-staphylococcal therapy [Non-Patent Documents 3, 17] , our approach also predominantly the normal innate immune response in the host for pathogen clearance. You can count on it. Such techniques are far more ideal for clinical therapeutic and prophylactic applications, as they limit the risk of developing drug-resistant pathogens, unlike those observed with antibiotics.

本明細書に記載される実施例及び実施形態は単に例示目的であり、その範囲内にて種々の修正又は変更が当業者に提示され、本出願の趣旨及び範囲内に包含されることは理解すべきである。 It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only, and within that scope various modifications or modifications will be presented to those skilled in the art and are included within the gist and scope of the present application. Should.

本明細書で言及又は引用される全ての特許、特許出願、仮出願及び刊行物は、全ての図及び表を含め、それらが本明細書の明示的な教示と矛盾しない範囲で参照により援用される。 All patents, patent applications, provisional applications and publications referred to or cited herein, including all figures and tables, are incorporated by reference to the extent that they are consistent with the express teachings herein. To.

本発明の理解の徹底を期すために、具体的な詳細、関係及び方法が多数記載されていると理解すべきである。しかしながら、本発明が、細部にわたる詳細な説明のうち1つ又は複数を用いることなく、又は他の方法、プロトコル、試薬、細胞系及び動物を用いて実施することができることは、当業者には容易に理解されよう。本発明は、例示した順序の行為又は事象に限定されず、いくつかの行為は、異なる順序及び/又は他の行為又は事象と同時になされてもよい。さらに、本発明による手法を実施するのに、例示した全ての行為、工程又は事象が必要なわけではない。本明細書に記載又は参照した技術および手順は、当業者であれば十分理解できるものであり、従来の手法を用いて行うことができるものである。 It should be understood that many specific details, relationships and methods are described in order to ensure a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without the use of one or more of the detailed and detailed description, or with other methods, protocols, reagents, cell lines and animals. Will be understood by. The present invention is not limited to the acts or events in the illustrated order, and some acts may be performed in different orders and / or at the same time as other acts or events. Moreover, not all of the illustrated actions, processes or events are required to carry out the method according to the invention. The techniques and procedures described or referred to herein are well understood by those skilled in the art and can be performed using conventional techniques.

特に断りのない限り、本明細書で用いた技術用語、表記、その他科学用語や専門用語は全て、本発明に関連する当業者であれば理解されるものである。場合によっては、一般的に理解されている意味の用語を、明瞭かつ/又はすぐに参照できるよう本明細書において定義してある。本明細書にそのような定義を含めることは、必ずしも当該技術分野において広く理解されていることに対する実質的な差異を示すとは必ずしも解釈されない。辞書で一般的に定義されているような用語は、関連技術での意味及び/又は本明細書で定義されたその他意味と一致する意味を有するものとし、そうでない場合は、本明細書で定義される。 Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms, notations, and other scientific and technical terms used herein will be understood by those skilled in the art relating to the present invention. In some cases, terms of commonly understood meaning are defined herein for clear and / or immediate reference. The inclusion of such a definition herein is not necessarily construed as showing a substantial difference from what is widely understood in the art. Terms as commonly defined in a dictionary shall have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the relevant art and / or other meanings defined herein, otherwise defined herein. Will be done.

Claims (18)

化学式(I):
Figure 2020528405
(I)
(式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、H;F;CI;Br;I;OH;CN;メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル及びtert−ブチルを含む(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル及びブテニルを含む(C2−4)アルケニルであって、その二重結合は任意にアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置し、その任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;アルキニル;アラルキル;アルカリル;ハロゲン化アルキル;ヘテロアルキル;アリール;ヘテロシクリル;シクロアルキル;シクロアルケニル;シクロアルキニル;ヒドロキシアルキル;アミノアルキル;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アシルアミノ;ヒドロキシル;チオール;チオアルキル;アルコキシ;アルキルチオ;アルコキシアルキル;アリールオキシ;アリールアルコキシ;アシルオキシ;ニトロ;カルバモイル;トリフルオロメチル;フェノキシ;ベンジルオキシ;ホスホン酸;リン酸エステル;スルホン酸(−SOH);スルホン酸エステル;スルホンアミド;アルカリル;アリールアルキル;カルバメート;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アルキルチオ;ヘテロアルキル;アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウム;ヘテロシクリル;ケトン(=O);エーテル(−OR);及びエステル(−COOR及び−OC(=O)R)からなる群から選択され、
及びRは、互いに任意に結合して4、5又は6員環のヘテロシクリル、シクロアルケニル又はシクロアルキルを形成し、
及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル及びtert−ブチルを含む(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル及びブテニルを含む(C2−4)アルケニルであって、二重結合は任意にアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置し、任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;及びアルキニルからなる群から選択される)
を有する化合物及びその誘導体。
Chemical formula (I):
Figure 2020528405
(I)
(In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are H; F; CI; Br; I; OH; CN; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, respectively, independently or together. (C 1-4 ) alkyl containing sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl containing ethenyl, propenyl and butenyl, the double bond of which is optional in the alkenyl carbon chain. (C 2-4 ) alkenyl; alkynyl; aralkyl; alkalil; alkyl halides; heteroalkyl; aryl; heterocyclyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; Hydroxyalkyl; Aminoalkyl; Amino; Alkylamino; Arylamino; Dialkylamino; Alkylarylamino; Diarylamino; Acylamino; Hydroxyl; Thiol; Thioalkyl; alkoxy; Alkylthio; Alkoxyalkyl; Aryloxy; Arylalkoxy; Aryloxy; Nitro; Carbamoyl ; trifluoromethyl; phenoxy; benzyloxy; phosphonate; phosphate esters; acid (-SO 3 H); sulfonate ester; sulfonamide; alkaryl; arylalkyl; carbamates; amino; alkylamino; arylamino; dialkylamino From alkylarylamino; diarylamino; alkylthio; heteroalkyl; alkyltriphenylphosphonium; heterocyclyl; ketone (= O); ether (-OR 4 ); and esters (-COOR 5 and -OC (= O) R 5 ) Selected from the group
R 1 and R 2 arbitrarily combine with each other to form a 4, 5- or 6-membered ring heterocyclyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl.
R 4 and R 5 contain (C 1-4 ) alkyl, each independently or together, containing methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl; ethenyl, A (C 2-4 ) alkenyl containing propenyl and butenyl, the double bond is optionally located anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain and contains any alkenyl codentate isomer (C 2-4 ) alkenyl. And selected from the group consisting of alkynyl)
Compounds and derivatives thereof.
及びRが、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
から選択される、請求項1に記載の化合物。
R 1 and R 2 are independent or together, respectively.
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
The compound according to claim 1, which is selected from.
がH又はメチルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。 The compound according to claim 1, wherein R 3 is H or methyl. 前記誘導体が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項1に記載の化合物。
The derivative is
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
The compound according to claim 1.
前記誘導体が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項1に記載の化合物。
The derivative is
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
The compound according to claim 1.
前記誘導体が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405

Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項1に記載の化合物。
The derivative is
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405

Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
The compound according to claim 1.
請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか一項に記載の化合物、その誘導体、製薬上の担体、塩、エステル、賦形剤、媒体、プロドラッグ、溶媒、希釈剤又はそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む組成物。 A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a derivative thereof, a pharmaceutical carrier, a salt, an ester, an excipient, a medium, a prodrug, a solvent, a diluent, or any combination thereof. Composition containing. 対象における微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態を治療及び/又は防止するための組成物の調製における、1種以上の化合物の使用であって、
前記組成物は、1種以上の化学式(I):
Figure 2020528405
(I)
(式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、H;F;CI;Br;I;OH;CN;メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル及びtert−ブチルを含む(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル及びブテニルを含む(C2−4)アルケニルであって、その二重結合は任意にアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置し、その任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;アルキニル;アラルキル;アルカリル;ハロゲン化アルキル;ヘテロアルキル;アリール;ヘテロシクリル;シクロアルキル;シクロアルケニル;シクロアルキニル;ヒドロキシアルキル;アミノアルキル;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アシルアミノ;ヒドロキシル;チオール;チオアルキル;アルコキシ;アルキルチオ;アルコキシアルキル;アリールオキシ;アリールアルコキシ;アシルオキシ;ニトロ;カルバモイル;トリフルオロメチル;フェノキシ;ベンジルオキシ;ホスホン酸;リン酸エステル;スルホン酸(−SOH);スルホン酸エステル;スルホンアミド;アルカリル;アリールアルキル;カルバメート;アミノ;アルキルアミノ;アリールアミノ;ジアルキルアミノ;アルキルアリールアミノ;ジアリールアミノ;アルキルチオ;ヘテロアルキル;アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウム;ヘテロシクリル;ケトン(=O);エーテル(−OR);及びエステル(−COOR及び−OC(=O)R)からなる群から選択され、
及びRは、互いに任意に結合して4、5又は6員環のヘテロシクリル、シクロアルケニル又はシクロアルキルを形成し、
及びRは、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル、イソブチル及びtert−ブチルを含む(C1−4)アルキル;エテニル、プロペニル及びブテニルを含む(C2−4)アルケニルであって、二重結合は任意にアルケニル炭素鎖中の任意の場所に位置し、任意のアルケニル配座異性体を含む(C2−4)アルケニル;及びアルキニルからなる群から選択される)
の化合物を有効量含む、使用。
Use of one or more compounds in the preparation of compositions for treating and / or preventing microbial infections and / or related diseases or conditions in a subject.
The composition has one or more chemical formulas (I):
Figure 2020528405
(I)
(In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are H; F; CI; Br; I; OH; CN; methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, respectively, independently or together. (C 1-4 ) alkyl containing sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl; (C 2-4 ) alkenyl containing ethenyl, propenyl and butenyl, the double bond of which is optional in the alkenyl carbon chain. (C 2-4 ) alkenyl; alkynyl; aralkyl; alkalil; alkyl halides; heteroalkyl; aryl; heterocyclyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; Hydroxyalkyl; Aminoalkyl; Amino; Alkylamino; Arylamino; Dialkylamino; Alkylarylamino; Diarylamino; Acylamino; Hydroxyl; Thiol; Thioalkyl; alkoxy; Alkylthio; Alkoxyalkyl; Aryloxy; Arylalkoxy; Aryloxy; Nitro; Carbamoyl ; trifluoromethyl; phenoxy; benzyloxy; phosphonate; phosphate esters; acid (-SO 3 H); sulfonate ester; sulfonamide; alkaryl; arylalkyl; carbamates; amino; alkylamino; arylamino; dialkylamino From alkylarylamino; diarylamino; alkylthio; heteroalkyl; alkyltriphenylphosphonium; heterocyclyl; ketone (= O); ether (-OR 4 ); and esters (-COOR 5 and -OC (= O) R 5 ) Selected from the group
R 1 and R 2 arbitrarily bond to each other to form a 4, 5- or 6-membered ring heterocyclyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl.
R 4 and R 5 contain (C 1-4 ) alkyl, each independently or together, containing methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl; ethenyl, A (C 2-4 ) alkenyl containing propenyl and butenyl, the double bond is optionally located anywhere in the alkenyl carbon chain and contains any alkenyl codentate isomer (C 2-4 ) alkenyl. And selected from the group consisting of alkynyl)
Containing an effective amount of the compound of, used.
及びRが、それぞれ独立して又は一緒に、
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
から選択される、請求項8に記載の使用。
R 1 and R 2 are independent or together, respectively.
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
The use according to claim 8, which is selected from.
がH又はメチルである、請求項8に記載の使用。 The use according to claim 8, wherein R 3 is H or methyl. 前記1種以上の化合物が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項8に記載の使用。
The one or more compounds mentioned above
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
8. The use according to claim 8.
前記1種以上の化合物が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項8に記載の使用。
The one or more compounds mentioned above
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
8. The use according to claim 8.
前記1種以上の化合物が、
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
及び
Figure 2020528405
を含む、請求項8に記載の使用。
The one or more compounds mentioned above
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
Figure 2020528405
as well as
Figure 2020528405
8. The use according to claim 8.
前記微生物感染がブドウ球菌感染を含む、請求項8から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の使用。 The use according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the microbial infection comprises a staphylococcal infection. 前記方法により黄色ブドウ球菌中の色素の生成量が減少する、請求項8から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の使用。 The use according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the amount of pigment produced in Staphylococcus aureus is reduced by the method. 前記微生物感染及び/又は関連する疾患若しくは状態が、皮膚及び軟部組織、骨及び関節、手術創傷、留置装置、肺並びに心臓弁の感染を含む、請求項8から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の使用。 6. One of claims 8 to 13, wherein the microbial infection and / or related disease or condition comprises infection of skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, surgical wounds, indwelling devices, lungs and heart valves. Use of description. 前記対象が哺乳動物である、請求項8から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の使用。 The use according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the subject is a mammal. 前記対象がヒトである、請求項8から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の使用。 The use according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the subject is a human.
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