JP2020147976A - Fire-resisting structure - Google Patents

Fire-resisting structure Download PDF

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JP2020147976A
JP2020147976A JP2019045667A JP2019045667A JP2020147976A JP 2020147976 A JP2020147976 A JP 2020147976A JP 2019045667 A JP2019045667 A JP 2019045667A JP 2019045667 A JP2019045667 A JP 2019045667A JP 2020147976 A JP2020147976 A JP 2020147976A
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refractory
refractory material
fixed
holding
binder
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JP7236614B2 (en
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厚周 花井
Atsuchika Hanai
厚周 花井
直木 麻生
Naoki Aso
直木 麻生
崇興 金田
Takaoki Kaneda
崇興 金田
満 竹内
Mitsuru Takeuchi
満 竹内
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Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
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Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a fire-resisting structure capable of maintaining fire-resistant performance, even when a face material is burnt down.SOLUTION: A fire-resisting structure comprises a wooden structure 10, a plurality of girths 22 fixed on the surface of the wooden structure 10 at intervals, a refractory material 26 disposed between the girths 22, a holding material 28 capable of holding the refractory material 26 between the girths 22, and a face material 30 fixed to the surface of the girths 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、耐火構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a fireproof structure.

下記特許文献1には、芯材の両側に基板を配置し、芯材の間に軽量耐火断熱材を配置した防音断熱性床材が示されている。 The following Patent Document 1 discloses a soundproof and heat insulating floor material in which substrates are arranged on both sides of a core material and a lightweight fireproof heat insulating material is arranged between the core materials.

特開2004−92318号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-92318

上記特許文献1の防音断熱性床においては、例えば火災時に下方から炎によって煽られた際、基板が燃え落ちると軽量耐火断熱材が剥落する虞がある。 In the soundproof and heat insulating floor of Patent Document 1, for example, when the substrate is burned down by a flame from below at the time of a fire, the lightweight fireproof heat insulating material may be peeled off.

本発明は上記事実を考慮して、表面材が燃え落ちても耐火性能を維持できる耐火構造を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a refractory structure capable of maintaining fire resistance even if the surface material burns down.

請求項1の耐火構造は、木質構造体と、前記木質構造体の表面に間隔を空けて固定された複数のつなぎ材と、前記つなぎ材の間に配置された耐火材と、前記耐火材を前記つなぎ材の間に保持可能な保持材と、前記つなぎ材の表面に固定された表面材と、を備えている。 The fire-resistant structure of claim 1 comprises a wood structure, a plurality of binders fixed to the surface of the wood structure at intervals, a fire-resistant material arranged between the joints, and the fire-resistant material. It includes a holding material that can be held between the binders and a surface material that is fixed to the surface of the binder.

請求項1の耐火構造では、木質構造体の表面につなぎ材が固定され、このつなぎ材の間に耐火材が保持されている。このため、耐火材によって木質構造体の耐火性能を確保し、つなぎ材によって構造強度を確保できる。さらに耐火材は、保持材によってつなぎ材の間に保持されているため、表面材が燃え落ちてもつなぎ材の間に留まって耐火性能を維持できる。 In the fire-resistant structure of claim 1, a binder is fixed to the surface of the wooden structure, and the fire-resistant material is held between the binders. Therefore, the refractory material can secure the fire resistance of the wooden structure, and the binder can secure the structural strength. Further, since the refractory material is held between the binders by the holding material, the surface material burns down and stays between the binders to maintain the refractory performance.

請求項2の耐火構造は、請求項1に記載の耐火構造において、前記保持材は前記木質構造体又は前記リブ材に固定されたメッシュとされ、前記耐火材は前記メッシュを内包した状態で硬化した湿式耐火材とされている。 The refractory structure according to claim 2 is the refractory structure according to claim 1, wherein the holding material is a mesh fixed to the wood structure or the rib material, and the refractory material is cured in a state of including the mesh. It is said to be a wet refractory material.

請求項2の耐火構造では、耐火材が湿式耐火材とされ、木質構造体又はつなぎ材に固定されたメッシュを内包した状態で硬化している。湿式耐火材とメッシュとの付着効果により、湿式耐火材と、木質構造体又はつなぎ材とが固定される。このため、例えば接着剤などを用いて固定する場合と比較して湿式耐火材が剥落し難く、耐火性能を維持し易い。 In the refractory structure of claim 2, the refractory material is a wet refractory material, and is cured in a state of containing a mesh fixed to a wood structure or a binder. Due to the adhesion effect between the wet refractory material and the mesh, the wet refractory material and the wood structure or the binder are fixed. Therefore, as compared with the case of fixing with an adhesive or the like, the wet refractory material is less likely to come off and the refractory performance can be easily maintained.

請求項3の耐火構造は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の耐火構造において、前記耐火材はプレキャスト材料で形成されている。 The refractory structure according to claim 3 is the refractory structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refractory material is made of a precast material.

請求項3の耐火構造においては、耐火材がプレキャスト材料とされているため、現場において乾式施工できる。このため、耐火材料を現場打ち(湿式施工)する場合と比較して、工期を短縮できる。 In the fireproof structure of claim 3, since the fireproof material is a precast material, dry construction can be performed on site. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened as compared with the case where the refractory material is cast on site (wet construction).

本発明に係る耐火構造によると、表面材が燃え落ちても耐火性能を維持できる。 According to the fireproof structure according to the present invention, the fireproof performance can be maintained even if the surface material burns down.

本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造の概略を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the fireproof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A)は本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造を示す詳細断面図であり、(B)は(A)におけるB−B線矢視図である。(A) is a detailed cross-sectional view showing a fireproof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a view taken along the line BB in (A). 本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造の施工手順を示した断面図であり、(A)は木質構造体につなぎ材を固定している状態を示しており(B)はつなぎ材に表面材を固定している状態を示しており(C)は木質構造体に端部材を仮固定している状態を示しており(D)は木質構造体に端部材を仮固定した状態を示している。It is sectional drawing which showed the construction procedure of the fireproof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (A) shows the state which the connecting material is fixed to the wood structure, (B) is the surface material to the connecting material. The state of being fixed is shown, (C) shows the state of temporarily fixing the end member to the wood structure, and (D) shows the state of temporarily fixing the end member to the wood structure. 本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造の施工手順を示した断面図であり、(A)は木質構造体同士を連結して表面材と木質構造体との間に耐火材を打設した状態を示しており(B)端部材を取り外した状態を示しており(C)は木質構造体の端部に形成された凹凸部を耐火材で被覆した状態を示している。It is sectional drawing which showed the construction procedure of the refractory structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (A) is the state which connected the wood structure and put the refractory material between a surface material and a wood structure. (B) shows a state in which the end member is removed, and (C) shows a state in which the uneven portion formed at the end portion of the wooden structure is covered with a refractory material. (A)は本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造において木質構造体の端部に形成された凹凸部を表面材で被覆した状態を示しており(B)は凹凸部と表面材との間に耐火材を打設した状態を示しており(C)は凹凸部を表面材で被覆せず凹凸部を被覆する耐火材とその他の部分を被覆する耐火材との間につなぎ材を配置した状態を示している。(A) shows a state in which the uneven portion formed at the end of the wooden structure is covered with the surface material in the refractory structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (B) shows the state between the uneven portion and the surface material. The state in which the refractory material is placed is shown, and (C) is a state in which the connecting material is arranged between the refractory material that covers the uneven portion without covering the uneven portion with the surface material and the refractory material that covers the other parts. Is shown. (A)は本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造において保持材としてビスを用いた変形例を示す断面図であり(B)は保持材を木質構造体とつなぎ材との間で挟んで保持した変形例を示す断面図であり(C)は耐火材をプレキャストの湿式石膏材で形成した変形例を示す断面図であり(D)は耐火材をプレキャストの湿式石膏材で形成し保持材をビスとした変形例を示す断面図である。(A) is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example in which a screw is used as a holding material in the refractory structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (B) holds the holding material sandwiched between a wooden structure and a connecting material. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the deformation example, (C) is the cross-sectional view which shows the deformation example which made the refractory material with a precast wet plaster material, (D) is the refractory material formed with a precast wet plaster material, and the holding material is screw It is sectional drawing which shows the modification. (A)は本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造において木質構造体の両側に耐火層及び表面層を形成した変形例を示す断面図であり(B)は図1に示す耐火構造が適用された木質構造体を背中合わせに配置して木質構造体の厚さを変更した変形例を示す断面図であり(C)は背中合わせに配置した木質構造体の間に空気層を形成した変形例を示す断面図である。(A) is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example in which a fireproof layer and a surface layer are formed on both sides of the wood structure in the fireproof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view to which the fireproof structure shown in FIG. 1 is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification which arranged the wooden structure back to back and changed the thickness of the wooden structure, (C) is the sectional view which shows the modification which formed the air layer between the wooden structures arranged back to back. It is a figure.

以下、本発明に係る耐火構造の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。各図面において同一の符号を用いて示される構成要素は、同一の構成要素であることを意味する。なお、各図面において重複する構成及び符号については、説明を省略する場合がある。また、本発明は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的の範囲内において、適宜変更を加えて実施することができる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the fireproof structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The components shown by using the same reference numerals in each drawing mean that they are the same components. The description of overlapping configurations and symbols in the drawings may be omitted. Further, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be carried out with appropriate modifications within the scope of the object of the present invention.

<耐火構造>
本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造は、図1に示す木質構造体10を耐火被覆するための構造であり、燃え止まり層としての耐火層20と、燃え代層としての表面材30と、を備えて形成されている。
<Fireproof structure>
The fire-resistant structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is a structure for fire-resistant coating the wood structure 10 shown in FIG. 1, and includes a fire-resistant layer 20 as a burn-stop layer and a surface material 30 as a burn-off layer. Formed in preparation.

「燃え代層」とは、火災時に炎に晒されることにより着火して、燃焼後炭化する層である。燃え代層は、炭化することにより木質構造体10への熱伝達を抑制する。また、「燃え止まり層」とは、この層を構成する耐火材が吸熱することで木質構造体10への熱伝達を抑制する層である。これにより、木質構造体10の温度上昇を抑制する。 The "burning allowance layer" is a layer that is ignited by being exposed to a flame at the time of a fire and carbonized after combustion. The burning allowance layer suppresses heat transfer to the wood structure 10 by carbonizing. The "burn-off layer" is a layer that suppresses heat transfer to the wood structure 10 by absorbing heat from the refractory material constituting this layer. As a result, the temperature rise of the wood structure 10 is suppressed.

なお、図1及び後述する図7(A)、(B)、(C)は本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造の構成の概略を示すものであり、耐火層20を形成する部材の詳細構成や木質構造体10の端部構成は図示が省略されている。 Note that FIGS. 1 and 7 (A), (B), and (C) described later show an outline of the configuration of the refractory structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the detailed configuration of the member forming the refractory layer 20. The end configuration of the wood structure 10 and the wood structure 10 is not shown.

(木質構造体)
木質構造体10(以下、構造体10と称す)はCLT(Cross-Laminated-Timber)を用いて形成された建築用構造材料で、壁材、床材、柱、梁等として用いる事ができる。
(Wooden structure)
The wooden structure 10 (hereinafter referred to as the structure 10) is a building structural material formed by using CLT (Cross-Laminated-Timber), and can be used as a wall material, a floor material, a pillar, a beam, or the like.

以下の説明においては、特に断らない限り構造体10を板状の壁材として説明するが、本発明の耐火構造は、壁材、床材、柱、梁等としての木質構造体全般(間仕切り壁、揚げ床、小梁、附け柱等の主要構造部以外の構造体も含む)に適用できる。また、木質構造体を形成する材料は、CLTのほか、LVL、集成材、木質成形材(パーティクルボード、MDF等)等とすることができる。 In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the structure 10 will be described as a plate-shaped wall material, but the fireproof structure of the present invention is a general wooden structure (partition wall) as a wall material, a floor material, a pillar, a beam, or the like. It can be applied to structures other than the main structural parts such as fried floors, beams, and pilasters). Further, as the material for forming the wood structure, in addition to CLT, LVL, laminated wood, wood molding material (particle board, MDF, etc.) and the like can be used.

図2(A)、(B)に示すように、構造体10の端面には凹凸部12が形成されている。凹凸部12は、構造体10の面内方向外側へ突出する凸部12Aと、構造体10の面内方向内側へ陥入する凹部12Bと、が端面に沿って交互に配置されて形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, uneven portions 12 are formed on the end faces of the structure 10. The uneven portion 12 is formed by alternately arranging a convex portion 12A projecting outward in the in-plane direction of the structure 10 and a concave portion 12B recessing inward in the in-plane direction of the structure 10 along the end surface. There is.

互いに隣接する構造体10同士は、それぞれにおける凹凸部12同士が係合することで連結される。すなわち、一方の構造体10における凸部12Aに、他方の構造体10における凹部12Bが係合することで、構造体10同士の間で応力(せん断応力及び圧縮応力)が伝達可能となる。なお、凹凸部12同士は接着剤やビス等を用いて互いに接合してもよいし、しなくてもよい。 The structures 10 adjacent to each other are connected by engaging the uneven portions 12 of each. That is, stress (shear stress and compressive stress) can be transmitted between the structures 10 by engaging the convex portion 12A in one structure 10 with the concave portion 12B in the other structure 10. The uneven portions 12 may or may not be joined to each other using an adhesive, screws, or the like.

(耐火層)
耐火層20は、つなぎ材22と、耐火材24、26と、保持材28と、を備えている。
(Fireproof layer)
The refractory layer 20 includes a binder 22, fireproof materials 24 and 26, and a holding material 28.

つなぎ材22は、構造体10の表面に所定の間隔を空けて固定された長尺の木質部材である。つなぎ材22は、例えばビス等を用いて構造体の10に固定されている。 The binder 22 is a long wooden member fixed to the surface of the structure 10 at a predetermined interval. The binder 22 is fixed to the structure 10 using, for example, a screw or the like.

耐火材24、26は、つなぎ材22の間に充填されて構造体10を被覆する耐火材料である。耐火材24、26を形成する材料としては、少なくとも木材より熱容量が大きな素材を選定することが好ましい。 The refractory materials 24 and 26 are refractory materials that are filled between the binders 22 to cover the structure 10. As the material for forming the refractory materials 24 and 26, it is preferable to select a material having at least a heat capacity larger than that of wood.

一例として、耐火材24は石膏ボードを用いて形成され、耐火材26は、石膏ボードより含水率が大きい湿式石膏材を用いて形成されている。湿式石膏材は、石膏を主原料とする粉体を水と混錬することで未硬化のフレッシュモルタル状となり、時間が経過すると硬化する。湿式石膏材としては、例えば床の不陸を調整するセルフレベリング材を用いる事ができる。 As an example, the refractory material 24 is formed by using gypsum board, and the refractory material 26 is formed by using a wet gypsum material having a water content higher than that of gypsum board. The wet gypsum material becomes an uncured fresh mortar by kneading a powder containing gypsum as a main raw material with water, and cures over time. As the wet gypsum material, for example, a self-leveling material for adjusting the unevenness of the floor can be used.

耐火材24は、構造体10の凹凸部12に跨って複数枚積層して配置され、互いに隣接する構造体10の双方の端部を被覆している。耐火材24は、互いに隣接する構造体10に固定された最も外側の耐火材26の間に配置され、表面材30の表面と略面一に形成されている。また、耐火材24は耐火材26と接して配置される。 A plurality of refractory materials 24 are stacked and arranged so as to straddle the uneven portion 12 of the structure 10, and cover both ends of the structures 10 adjacent to each other. The refractory material 24 is arranged between the outermost refractory materials 26 fixed to the structures 10 adjacent to each other, and is formed substantially flush with the surface of the surface material 30. Further, the refractory material 24 is arranged in contact with the refractory material 26.

耐火材26は、構造体10の端部以外の部分を被覆する耐火材である。耐火材26は、同一の構造体10に固定されたつなぎ材22の間に配置され、つなぎ材22の表面と略面一に形成されている。また、耐火材26は、つなぎ材22の外側にも配置されている。すなわち、耐火材26は、構造体10の最も端部側に固定されたつなぎ材22の外側にも配置され、当該耐火材26は耐火材24と接して配置されている。 The refractory material 26 is a refractory material that covers a portion other than the end portion of the structure 10. The refractory material 26 is arranged between the binders 22 fixed to the same structure 10 and is formed substantially flush with the surface of the binders 22. The refractory material 26 is also arranged on the outside of the binder 22. That is, the refractory material 26 is also arranged on the outside of the connecting material 22 fixed to the most end side of the structure 10, and the refractory material 26 is arranged in contact with the refractory material 24.

保持材28は、互いに隣接するつなぎ材22の双方に固定されたスチールメッシュである。また、保持材28は耐火材26に内包されており、耐火材26をつなぎ材22の間に保持している。換言すると、耐火材26は、つなぎ材22に固定された保持材28に付着することで、つなぎ材22の間に保持されている。 The holding material 28 is a steel mesh fixed to both of the connecting materials 22 adjacent to each other. Further, the holding material 28 is included in the refractory material 26, and the refractory material 26 is held between the connecting materials 22. In other words, the refractory material 26 is held between the binders 22 by adhering to the holding material 28 fixed to the binder 22.

(表面層)
表面材30は、木質材料の面材で形成され、耐火層20の表面を被覆している。より詳しくは、耐火層20におけるつなぎ材22及び耐火材26の表面を被覆している。上述したように、表面材30は耐火材24と隣接して配置され、表面材30の表面は、耐火材24の表面と略面一とされている。
(Surface layer)
The surface material 30 is formed of a wood-based face material and covers the surface of the refractory layer 20. More specifically, it covers the surfaces of the binder 22 and the refractory material 26 in the refractory layer 20. As described above, the surface material 30 is arranged adjacent to the refractory material 24, and the surface of the surface material 30 is substantially flush with the surface of the refractory material 24.

<施工方法>
本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造は、以下の手順で施工される。
<Construction method>
The fireproof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is constructed by the following procedure.

まず、図3(A)に示すように、ビス等を用いてつなぎ材22を構造体10へ固定する。この際、隣接するつなぎ材22のそれぞれに保持材28を架け渡し、保持材28の端部をタッカー等を用いてつなぎ材22に固定しておく。保持材28は、つなぎ材22の裏面(構造体10側の面)から離間した位置に配置されるように固定することが好ましい。これにより、つなぎ材22を構造体10へ固定した際に、保持材28と構造体10との間に隙間が形成される。 First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the binder 22 is fixed to the structure 10 using screws or the like. At this time, the holding material 28 is bridged to each of the adjacent connecting materials 22, and the end portion of the holding material 28 is fixed to the connecting material 22 by using a tacker or the like. It is preferable that the holding material 28 is fixed so as to be arranged at a position away from the back surface (the surface on the structure 10 side) of the binder 22. As a result, when the binder 22 is fixed to the structure 10, a gap is formed between the holding material 28 and the structure 10.

なお、つなぎ材22を構造体10へ固定した後で、保持材28をつなぎ材22に固定してもよい。このようにすれば、つなぎ材22の施工性が向上する。また、本明細書において固定方法として「ビス等」と記載する場合、釘や接着剤による固定方法を含むものとする。 After fixing the binder 22 to the structure 10, the holding member 28 may be fixed to the binder 22. By doing so, the workability of the binder 22 is improved. In addition, when the fixing method is described as "screw or the like" in the present specification, the fixing method using nails or an adhesive shall be included.

次に、図3(B)に示すように、ビス等を用いて表面材30をつなぎ材22へ固定し、図3(C)に示すように、端部材22Aを構造体10へ仮固定する。端部材22Aは、保持材28を挟み込んだ状態で構造体10へ仮固定する。さらに図3(D)に示すように保持材28の端部を折り返して端部材22Aへ仮固定する。なお、表面材30は端部材22Aの後から施工してもよい。 Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the surface material 30 is fixed to the connecting material 22 using screws or the like, and the end member 22A is temporarily fixed to the structure 10 as shown in FIG. 3 (C). .. The end member 22A is temporarily fixed to the structure 10 with the holding member 28 sandwiched therein. Further, as shown in FIG. 3D, the end portion of the holding member 28 is folded back and temporarily fixed to the end member 22A. The surface material 30 may be installed after the end member 22A.

次に、図4(A)に示すように、2つの構造体10におけるそれぞれの凹凸部12を係合させて構造体10同士を連結し、表面材30と構造体10の間の空間へ未硬化の耐火材26を打設する。未硬化の耐火材26を打設する際、耐火材26と保持材28とが絡み易いように、耐火材26は、保持材28と表面材30との間、保持材28と構造体10の間へ、略均等に打設することが好ましい。 Next, as shown in FIG. 4A, the uneven portions 12 of the two structures 10 are engaged with each other to connect the structures 10, and the space between the surface material 30 and the structure 10 is not yet entered. A hardened refractory material 26 is placed. The refractory material 26 is formed between the holding material 28 and the surface material 30 so that the refractory material 26 and the holding material 28 are easily entangled when the uncured refractory material 26 is placed. It is preferable to place them substantially evenly between them.

なお、保持材28はスチールメッシュで形成されているため、耐火材26を何れか一方の空間(保持材28と表面材30との間又は保持材28と構造体10の間)へ打設しても他方へ流動させることができる。但し、スチールメッシュの線径や強度によっては、流動圧によって保持材28が偏って配置される可能性がある。このため、双方の空間に打設することが好ましい。 Since the holding material 28 is made of steel mesh, the refractory material 26 is placed in one of the spaces (between the holding material 28 and the surface material 30 or between the holding material 28 and the structure 10). But it can be flowed to the other. However, depending on the wire diameter and strength of the steel mesh, the holding material 28 may be unevenly arranged due to the flow pressure. For this reason, it is preferable to place in both spaces.

耐火材26の硬化後、図4(B)に示すように、端部材22Aを取り外す。その後、図4(C)に示すように、構造体10へ耐火材24を固定する。耐火材24は、保持材28を挟み込んだ状態で構造体10へ固定する。また、耐火材24は、耐火材26に接して配置する。以上の工程により、本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造が施工される。 After the refractory material 26 is cured, the end member 22A is removed as shown in FIG. 4 (B). After that, as shown in FIG. 4C, the refractory material 24 is fixed to the structure 10. The refractory material 24 is fixed to the structure 10 with the holding material 28 sandwiched therein. Further, the refractory material 24 is arranged in contact with the refractory material 26. Through the above steps, the fireproof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is constructed.

<作用・効果>
本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造では、図2(A)に示すように、構造体10の表面に長尺のつなぎ材22が固定され、このつなぎ材22の間に耐火材24、26が保持されている。このため、耐火材24、26によって構造体10の耐火性能を確保し、つなぎ材22によって構造強度を確保できる。
<Action / effect>
In the refractory structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2A, a long connecting member 22 is fixed to the surface of the structure 10, and the refractory materials 24 and 26 are formed between the connecting members 22. It is held. Therefore, the refractory materials 24 and 26 can secure the fire resistance of the structure 10, and the binder 22 can secure the structural strength.

また、構造体10は耐火材24と耐火材26とによって被覆されている。このため、木質構造体10に耐火性能を確保できる。 Further, the structure 10 is covered with the refractory material 24 and the refractory material 26. Therefore, the fire resistance of the wooden structure 10 can be ensured.

さらに、耐火材24は凹凸部12の表面に跨って配置され木質構造体10の端部を被覆している。これにより、構造体10の接合部の耐火性能が低下し難い。 Further, the refractory material 24 is arranged so as to straddle the surface of the uneven portion 12 and covers the end portion of the wood structure 10. As a result, the fire resistance performance of the joint portion of the structure 10 is unlikely to deteriorate.

なお、本実施形態においてつなぎ材22は木質部材とされているが、強度確保の観点から、C型チャンネル等の鋼材で形成してもよい。または、軽鉄で形成されたスタッド材で形成してもよい。 Although the binder 22 is made of wood in the present embodiment, it may be formed of a steel material such as a C-shaped channel from the viewpoint of ensuring strength. Alternatively, it may be formed of a stud material formed of light iron.

また、耐火材26は、保持材28によってつなぎ材22の間に保持されている。このため、表面材30が燃え落ちてもつなぎ材22の間に留まって耐火性能を維持できる。 Further, the refractory material 26 is held between the binders 22 by the holding material 28. Therefore, the surface material 30 burns down and stays between the binders 22 to maintain the fire resistance performance.

さらに、耐火材26は湿式石膏材とされ、スチールメッシュで形成された保持材28を内包した状態で硬化している。この保持材28は、つなぎ材22に固定されている。このため湿式石膏材とスチールメッシュとの付着効果により、耐火材26とつなぎ材22とが固定される。 Further, the refractory material 26 is a wet gypsum material and is hardened in a state of containing a holding material 28 formed of a steel mesh. The holding material 28 is fixed to the binder 22. Therefore, the refractory material 26 and the binder 22 are fixed by the adhesion effect between the wet gypsum material and the steel mesh.

これにより、例えば耐火材26を接着剤などを用いて構造体10へ固定する場合と比較して耐火材26が剥落し難く、耐火性能を維持し易い。 As a result, the refractory material 26 is less likely to come off and the fire resistance performance can be easily maintained as compared with the case where the refractory material 26 is fixed to the structure 10 with an adhesive or the like.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る耐火構造においては、図2(A)、(B)に示すように、互いに隣接する構造体10のそれぞれの端面に形成された凹凸部12が互いに係合している。これにより、構造体10の間で応力を伝達できる。 Further, in the fireproof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the uneven portions 12 formed on the end faces of the structures 10 adjacent to each other are engaged with each other. ing. As a result, stress can be transmitted between the structures 10.

また、本実施形態に係る耐火構造においては、つなぎ材22の外側に配置された耐火材24と耐火材26とが接している。このため、耐火材24と耐火材26との間につなぎ材22が配置される構成と比較して、耐火材の設置幅が大きくなる。さらに、耐火材24が炎に晒された際には、耐火材24より含水率が大きな耐火材26が吸熱することで、接合部の温度上昇を抑制できる。これにより、構造体10の接合部における耐火性能を高めることができる。 Further, in the refractory structure according to the present embodiment, the refractory material 24 and the refractory material 26 arranged on the outside of the binder 22 are in contact with each other. Therefore, the installation width of the refractory material is larger than that in the configuration in which the binder 22 is arranged between the refractory material 24 and the refractory material 26. Further, when the refractory material 24 is exposed to a flame, the refractory material 26 having a higher water content than the refractory material 24 absorbs heat, so that the temperature rise of the joint can be suppressed. As a result, the fire resistance performance at the joint portion of the structure 10 can be improved.

なお、上記の実施形態においては表面材30と耐火材24とが隣接して配置され、表面材30は凹凸部12の前方に配置されていないが本発明の実施形態はこれに限らない。例えば図5(A)に示すように、表面材30を凹凸部12の前方に配置してもよい。この際、表面材30の端部にも凹凸部32を形成して、表面材30同士を連結すると好適である。 In the above embodiment, the surface material 30 and the refractory material 24 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the surface material 30 is not arranged in front of the uneven portion 12, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the surface material 30 may be arranged in front of the uneven portion 12. At this time, it is preferable to form uneven portions 32 also at the ends of the surface materials 30 to connect the surface materials 30 to each other.

表面材30をこのように形成することで、凹凸部12と表面材30との間に閉塞空間を形成できる。これにより図5(B)に示すように、構造体10の端部に、乾式材料と比較して含水率の高い湿式材料の耐火材26を施工することができる。 By forming the surface material 30 in this way, a closed space can be formed between the uneven portion 12 and the surface material 30. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5B, the refractory material 26, which is a wet material having a higher water content than the dry material, can be applied to the end portion of the structure 10.

なお、構造体10の端部を被覆する耐火材料を湿式材料の耐火材26とすれば、図5(C)に示すように、この耐火材26と隣接する耐火材24とは接して配置しなくてもよい。すなわち、耐火材26と耐火材24との間に、つなぎ材22を配置してもよい。この際、構造体10の端部を被覆する耐火材26に際しては、適宜型枠26S等を配置すればよい。 If the refractory material that covers the end of the structure 10 is a wet refractory material 26, as shown in FIG. 5C, the refractory material 26 and the adjacent refractory material 24 are arranged in contact with each other. It does not have to be. That is, the binder 22 may be arranged between the refractory material 26 and the refractory material 24. At this time, the formwork 26S or the like may be appropriately arranged for the refractory material 26 that covers the end portion of the structure 10.

また、本実施形態においては、図2(A)に示すように、保持材28をスチールメッシュで形成しつなぎ材22に固定しているが、本発明の実施形態はこれに限らない。例えば図6(A)に示す保持材40のように、保持材をビスやアンカーボルトで形成し、ビス頭やボルト頭を耐火材26へ埋設させてもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the holding material 28 is formed of a steel mesh and fixed to the binder 22, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as in the holding material 40 shown in FIG. 6A, the holding material may be formed of screws or anchor bolts, and the screw heads or bolt heads may be embedded in the refractory material 26.

または、図6(B)に示す保持材42のように、保持材はつなぎ材22に直接固定せず、つなぎ材22と構造体10との間で挟んで保持する形式としてもよい。 Alternatively, as in the holding material 42 shown in FIG. 6B, the holding material may not be directly fixed to the connecting material 22, but may be sandwiched and held between the connecting material 22 and the structure 10.

また、本実施形態においては耐火材26を現場打ちの湿式石膏材としているが、本発明の実施形態はこれに限らない。たとえば図6(C)に示す耐火材50のように、プレキャストの湿式石膏材としてもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, the refractory material 26 is a wet gypsum material cast in the field, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as the refractory material 50 shown in FIG. 6C, a precast wet gypsum material may be used.

プレキャストの湿式石膏材を成形する際は、型枠の中にスチールメッシュの保持材28を配置しておく。また、保持材28は、両端部が湿式石膏材から突出するように配置しておく。耐火材50は、硬化後脱型し、現場へ搬入する。そして、現場において保持材28の両端部を、つなぎ材22と構造体10との間で挟み込むようにして、つなぎ材22を構造体10へ固定する。 When molding the precast wet gypsum material, the steel mesh holding material 28 is arranged in the mold. Further, the holding material 28 is arranged so that both ends protrude from the wet gypsum material. After curing, the refractory material 50 is demolded and carried to the site. Then, at the site, both ends of the holding material 28 are sandwiched between the connecting material 22 and the structure 10, and the connecting material 22 is fixed to the structure 10.

さらに、プレキャストの湿式石膏材には予め保持材を配置しておかなくてもよい。例えば図6(D)に示す耐火材52のように、表面から保持材としてのビス46を打ち込んで構造体10へ固定しても、耐火材はつなぎ材22の間に配置して保持することができる。 Further, the precast wet gypsum material does not have to have a holding material arranged in advance. For example, as in the refractory material 52 shown in FIG. 6 (D), even if the screw 46 as a holding material is driven from the surface and fixed to the structure 10, the refractory material is arranged and held between the binders 22. Can be done.

このように、耐火材をプレキャスト材料とすれば、現場において乾式施工できる。このため、耐火材を現場において湿式施工する場合と比較して、工期を短縮できる。 In this way, if the refractory material is used as a precast material, dry construction can be performed on site. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened as compared with the case where the refractory material is wet-installed on site.

なお、湿式耐火材としては、必ずしも湿式石膏材を用いる必要はない。例えば石膏材に代えて、石灰系材料や、セメント、モルタル等を用いてもよい。 It is not always necessary to use a wet gypsum material as the wet refractory material. For example, instead of gypsum material, a lime-based material, cement, mortar, or the like may be used.

また、本実施形態においては、図1に示すように、耐火層20及び表面材30が構造体10の片側に配置されているが、本発明の実施形態はこれに限らない。例えば図7(A)に示すように、耐火層20及び表面材30を構造体10の両側に配置してもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the refractory layer 20 and the surface material 30 are arranged on one side of the structure 10, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the refractory layer 20 and the surface material 30 may be arranged on both sides of the structure 10.

なお、構造体10は、図7(A)及び図7(B)に示すように、厚さを適宜変更することができる。すなわち、使用される用途(壁、床、梁、柱)や求められる構造強度によって必要な厚さを確保すればよい。 The thickness of the structure 10 can be appropriately changed as shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B). That is, the required thickness may be secured according to the intended use (walls, floors, beams, columns) and the required structural strength.

さらに、図7(C)に示すように、片側に耐火層20及び表面材30を配置した構造体10同士を対面させ離間して配置し、構造体10の間に空間を確保してもよい。この空間は、遮音層、断熱層、設備配管スペース等として利用できる。遮音層や断熱層として用いる場合は、ロックウール、グラスウール、発泡ウレタン等の材料を充填してもよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 7C, the structures 10 in which the refractory layer 20 and the surface material 30 are arranged on one side may be arranged facing each other and separated from each other to secure a space between the structures 10. .. This space can be used as a sound insulation layer, a heat insulating layer, a facility piping space, and the like. When used as a sound insulation layer or a heat insulating layer, a material such as rock wool, glass wool, or urethane foam may be filled.

また、本実施形態においては、構造体10の端面に凹凸部12が形成されているが、本発明の実施形態はこれに限らない。例えばこのような凹凸部12を形成せず、構造体10の端面を平坦に形成し、スプラインプレートやビス等を使用して構造体10同士を固定してもよい。あるいは、これらを付き合わせるだけで互いに固定しなくてもよい。構造体10の端部の構成に関わらず、保持材28等を用いることで耐火材を構造体10の表面に保持することができる。このように、本発明は様々な態様で実施することができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the uneven portion 12 is formed on the end surface of the structure 10, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of forming such an uneven portion 12, the end face of the structure 10 may be formed flat, and the structures 10 may be fixed to each other by using a spline plate, screws, or the like. Alternatively, they do not have to be fixed to each other just by sticking them together. Regardless of the configuration of the end portion of the structure 10, the refractory material can be held on the surface of the structure 10 by using the holding material 28 or the like. As described above, the present invention can be carried out in various aspects.

10 木質構造体
22 つなぎ材
26 耐火材(湿式耐火材)
28 保持材(メッシュ)
30 表面材
10 Wood structure 22 Binder 26 Refractory material (wet refractory material)
28 Retaining material (mesh)
30 Surface material

Claims (3)

木質構造体と、
前記木質構造体の表面に間隔を空けて固定された複数のつなぎ材と、
前記つなぎ材の間に配置された耐火材と、
前記耐火材を前記つなぎ材の間に保持可能な保持材と、
前記つなぎ材の表面に固定された表面材と、
を備えた耐火構造。
Wood structure and
A plurality of binders fixed to the surface of the wooden structure at intervals, and
With the refractory material placed between the binders,
A holding material capable of holding the refractory material between the binders and
The surface material fixed to the surface of the binder and the surface material
Fireproof structure with.
前記保持材は前記木質構造体又は前記つなぎ材に固定されたメッシュとされ、
前記耐火材は前記メッシュを内包した状態で硬化した湿式耐火材とされた、
請求項1に記載の耐火構造。
The holding material is a mesh fixed to the wood structure or the binder.
The refractory material was a wet refractory material cured with the mesh included.
The fireproof structure according to claim 1.
前記耐火材はプレキャスト材料で形成されている、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の耐火構造。 The fireproof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fireproof material is made of a precast material.
JP2019045667A 2019-03-13 2019-03-13 Fireproof structure Active JP7236614B2 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3127401U (en) * 2006-09-20 2006-11-30 株式会社豊運 Inside / outside wall structure of wooden buildings
JP2014114672A (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Method of manufacturing fire-resistant woody structure member
JP2014173225A (en) * 2013-03-05 2014-09-22 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Wooden fire-resistant surface member
JP2017002614A (en) * 2015-06-12 2017-01-05 株式会社竹中工務店 Wooden structural member

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3127401U (en) * 2006-09-20 2006-11-30 株式会社豊運 Inside / outside wall structure of wooden buildings
JP2014114672A (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Method of manufacturing fire-resistant woody structure member
JP2014173225A (en) * 2013-03-05 2014-09-22 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Wooden fire-resistant surface member
JP2017002614A (en) * 2015-06-12 2017-01-05 株式会社竹中工務店 Wooden structural member

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