JP2020118022A - Fire proof wood - Google Patents
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- JP2020118022A JP2020118022A JP2020001669A JP2020001669A JP2020118022A JP 2020118022 A JP2020118022 A JP 2020118022A JP 2020001669 A JP2020001669 A JP 2020001669A JP 2020001669 A JP2020001669 A JP 2020001669A JP 2020118022 A JP2020118022 A JP 2020118022A
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 49
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000405965 Scomberomorus brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、耐火木材に関する。 The present invention relates to fireproof wood.
従来、建物の柱部材又は梁部材として使用可能であり、かつ、火災時の耐火性を高めた木造部材として、特許文献１に開示されたような耐火木材が知られている。なお、本明細書では、火災が生じている状態を「火災時」と、火災が生じていない状態を「通常時」と、それぞれ分けて定義する。 BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a wooden member that can be used as a pillar member or a beam member of a building and has improved fire resistance during a fire, a fire resistant wood as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In the present specification, a state in which a fire has occurred is defined as "at the time of fire" and a state in which no fire has occurred as "normal time".
特許文献１の耐火木材は、軸中心に配置された心材（芯材）としての木質荷重支持部と、木質荷重支持部の外側面全面に亘って設けられた耐火材層と、耐火材層の外側にスペーサ（連結部材）を介して設けられた燃え代木材層とを有する。耐火材層としては、耐熱ロックウール等の耐火被覆材が使用される。また、連結部材としては、石膏ボード等が使用される。また、燃え代木材層は、最外層の仕上げ材であり、接着やビス等によって内側の連結部材に固定された上で、耐火木材の一部をなしている。 The fire-resistant wood of Patent Document 1 includes a wood load supporting portion as a core material (core material) arranged in the axial center, a fire resistant material layer provided over the entire outer surface of the wood load supporting portion, and a fire resistant material layer. It has a burnable wood layer provided on the outside through a spacer (coupling member). As the fireproof material layer, a fireproof coating material such as heat resistant rock wool is used. A gypsum board or the like is used as the connecting member. Further, the burnable wood layer is a finishing material of the outermost layer, and is fixed to the inner connecting member by adhesion, screws, or the like, and forms a part of the fire resistant wood.
しかし、特許文献１では、仕上げ材は、連結部材に固定された上で心材を取り囲むように配置されてはいるが、連結部材は、内側の耐火被覆材に対しては、当接して配置されているに過ぎない。すなわち、内側で、連結部材が耐火被覆材に取り付けられていないため、連結部材は耐火被覆材から外れ易く、結果として、外側の仕上げ材も外れ易くなるという問題がある。 However, in Patent Document 1, the finishing material is arranged so as to be fixed to the connecting member and surround the core material, but the connecting member is arranged in contact with the inner refractory covering material. It's just that. That is, since the connecting member is not attached to the fireproof coating on the inside, the connecting member is likely to come off from the fireproof coating, and as a result, the finishing material on the outside is also likely to come off.
本発明は上記の問題に鑑み、耐火性に優れ、かつ、仕上げ材の安定支持性が高められた耐火木材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fire-resistant wood having excellent fire resistance and improved stability of a finishing material.
本発明の第１態様では、木質材からなる角柱状の心材と、心材の角部に取り付けられた熱緩衝材と、心材の外側面側に取り付けられた耐火材と、熱緩衝材に支持され耐火材及び熱緩衝材を覆う仕上げ材と、を有する。 In the first aspect of the present invention, a prismatic core material made of wood, a heat buffer material attached to a corner portion of the core material, a refractory material attached to an outer surface side of the core material, and a heat buffer material. And a finishing material covering the refractory material and the heat cushioning material.
第１態様では、心材の外側面側に耐火材が取り付けられているため、外側面の耐火性が高められている。加えて、心材の角部には角部に、熱の伝達を緩衝する熱緩衝材が設けられている。通常、柱の角部は、火災時に二面加熱を受けることから耐火性能上、不利な位置であるが、第１態様では、熱緩衝材によって角部の温度上昇が抑えられることで、耐火木材の耐火性が、総体的に向上する。 In the first aspect, since the refractory material is attached to the outer surface side of the core material, the fire resistance of the outer surface is enhanced. In addition, a heat cushioning material that cushions heat transfer is provided at the corner portion of the core material. Normally, the corners of the pillars are at a disadvantageous position in terms of fire resistance because they are subjected to double-sided heating during a fire, but in the first aspect, the thermal shock-absorbing material suppresses the temperature rise of the corners, and therefore fire resistant wood is used. The fire resistance of is improved overall.
また、熱緩衝材は、熱の伝達を緩衝する機能に加え、更に、仕上げ材を支持する支持材としても機能する。このため、仕上げ材が心材から外れ難くなる。 In addition to the function of buffering the transfer of heat, the thermal buffer material also functions as a support material for supporting the finishing material. For this reason, it becomes difficult for the finishing material to come off from the core material.
本発明の第２態様に係る耐火木材は、第１態様において、熱緩衝材は、鋼材であり、内側に空気層が形成され、仕上げ材は、先端が空気層に位置する留付部材で熱緩衝材に取り付けられている。 In the fireproof wood according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the heat buffer material is a steel material, an air layer is formed inside, and the finishing material is a fastening member whose tip is located in the air layer. It is attached to the cushioning material.
第２態様に係る耐火木材によれば、熱緩衝材は、熱容量が比較的大きな鋼材であるため、耐火木材の耐火性をより高めることができる。また、内側に形成された空気層は、断熱層として機能するため、耐火木材の耐火性が一層向上する。 According to the refractory wood according to the second aspect, the heat cushioning material is a steel material having a relatively large heat capacity, so that the fire resistance of the refractory wood can be further enhanced. Further, since the air layer formed inside functions as a heat insulating layer, the fire resistance of the fire resistant wood is further improved.
第２態様では、留付部材の先端が熱緩衝材の空気層に位置し、心材には到達しないため、火災時、火炎に晒された留付部材の熱が、留付部材から心材へ直接伝達されない。一方、留付部材の先端が心材に到達するように、仕上げ材が金属製の留付部材によって取り付けられる場合、留付部材の熱が心材に直接伝達され、心材の炭化や燃焼が促進する懸念がある。この点、第２態様の場合、熱が留付部材から心材へ直接伝達されないため、心材の炭化や燃焼の可能性が低減し、耐火木材の耐火性をより高めることができる。 In the second aspect, since the tip of the fastening member is located in the air layer of the thermal buffer and does not reach the core material, the heat of the fastening member exposed to the flame during a fire directly flows from the fastening member to the core material. Not transmitted. On the other hand, when the finishing material is attached by a metal fastening member so that the tip of the fastening member reaches the core material, the heat of the fastening member is directly transferred to the core material, which may promote carbonization or combustion of the core material. There is. In this respect, in the case of the second aspect, since heat is not directly transferred from the fastening members to the core material, the possibility of carbonization or combustion of the core material is reduced, and the fire resistance of the fire resistant wood can be further enhanced.
また、留付部材２２の先端が空気層に位置するため、先端が心材１２に到達して位置する場合に比べ、留付部材の外側面が周囲と接触する領域が減少する。このため、抜き差し時に留付部材が周囲から受ける摩擦力が小さくなるので、留付部材を容易に抜き差し可能になり、仕上げ材の取り付け取り外し作業の負担を軽減できる。 Further, since the tip of the fastening member 22 is located in the air layer, the area in which the outer surface of the fastening member contacts the surroundings is reduced as compared with the case where the tip reaches the core material 12 and is located. For this reason, the frictional force that the fastening member receives from the surroundings at the time of insertion and removal is reduced, so that the fastening member can be easily inserted and removed, and the burden of the work of attaching and removing the finishing material can be reduced.
本発明の第３態様に係る耐火木材は、第１態様又は第２態様において、心材の外側面側には、耐火材を支持する下地材としてのラス網が取り付けられ、耐火材は、ラス網に塗布された発泡性の耐火塗膜である。 A fire resistant wood according to a third aspect of the present invention is the fire resistant wood according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein a lath net as a base material for supporting the refractory material is attached to the outer surface side of the core material, and the fire resistant material is the lath net. Is a foamable fireproof coating applied to.
第３態様に係る耐火木材では、耐火材は、一定の熱が加えられた際に膨張する発泡性の耐火塗膜であるため、火災が生じていない通常時は、耐火木材の厚みを小さく抑えられる。このため、耐火木材の耐火性を高めつつ、耐火木材の寸法をコンパクトに設計できる。また、耐火塗膜の下地材がラス網であるため、耐火塗膜は、ラス網の網目に絡み、堅固に支持される。このため、第３態様によれば、耐火塗膜が膨張して体積が増大しても、膨張した耐火塗膜が下地材から脱落することを防止できる。 In the fire-resistant wood according to the third aspect, the fire-resistant material is a foamable fire-resistant coating film that expands when a certain amount of heat is applied, so the thickness of the fire-resistant wood is kept small during normal times when no fire occurs. To be Therefore, the fireproof wood can be designed to be compact in size while enhancing the fireproofness of the fireproof wood. Further, since the base material of the fire-resistant coating film is lath net, the fire-resistant coating film is entangled in the mesh of the lath net and firmly supported. Therefore, according to the third aspect, even if the refractory coating expands and its volume increases, it is possible to prevent the expanded refractory coating from falling off the base material.
本発明に係る耐火木材によれば、耐火性に優れ、かつ、仕上げ材の安定支持性が高められた耐火木材を提供できる。 According to the fire-resistant wood according to the present invention, it is possible to provide the fire-resistant wood having excellent fire resistance and improved stability of the finishing material.
以下に本発明の実施形態を説明する。以下の図面の記載において、同一の部分及び類似の部分には、同一の符号又は類似の符号を付している。但し、図面における厚みと平面寸法との関係、各装置や各部材の厚みの比率等は現実のものとは異なる。したがって、具体的な厚みや寸法は以下の説明を参酌して判定すべきものである。また、図面相互間においても互いの寸法の関係や比率が異なる部分が含まれている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, the relationship between the thickness and the plane size in the drawings, the ratio of the thickness of each device or each member, and the like are different from the actual ones. Therefore, specific thicknesses and dimensions should be determined in consideration of the following description. Further, there are included portions in which dimensional relationships and ratios are different between the drawings.
＜耐火木材の構造＞
本実施形態に係る耐火木材１０は、図１に示すように、木質材からなる角柱状の心材１２と、心材１２の角部を覆うように取り付けられた複数の熱緩衝材１４Ａと、心材１２の外側面側に取り付けられた耐火材１８Ａと、を有する。また、耐火木材１０は、熱緩衝材１４Ａに支持され、耐火材１８Ａ及び熱緩衝材１４Ａを覆う仕上げ材２０を有する。
<Structure of fireproof wood>
As shown in FIG. 1, the refractory wood 10 according to the present embodiment has a prismatic core material 12 made of wood, a plurality of heat buffer materials 14A attached so as to cover the corner portions of the core material 12, and a core material 12 The refractory material 18A attached to the outer surface side of the. Further, the fireproof wood 10 has a finish 20 supported by the heat cushioning material 14A and covering the fireproof material 18A and the heat cushioning material 14A.
心材１２は、四角柱状であり、樹種としては例えばスギ、ヒノキ等、適宜採用可能である。なお、本発明では、心材の形状は、四角柱状に限定されず、例えば八角柱等、他の多角柱状であってもよい。また、心材の形状としては、角柱の角部が面取りされてもよいし、例えば円柱状等、角柱以外であってもよい。また、心材としては、単材に限定されず、集成材が用いられてもよい。 The core material 12 has a rectangular column shape, and as the tree species, for example, cedar, cypress, etc. can be appropriately adopted. In the present invention, the shape of the core material is not limited to the quadrangular prism, but may be another polygonal prism such as an octagonal prism. Further, as the shape of the core material, the corners of the prism may be chamfered, or may be a shape other than the prism, such as a cylinder. Further, the core material is not limited to a single material, and a laminated material may be used.
熱緩衝材１４Ａは、図２に示すように、断面の外縁が矩形状の角形鋼管であり、心材１２の四隅のそれぞれにおいて、隣り合う２面の角部を覆うように取り付けられている。具体的には、角部における隣り合う２面のそれぞれに、角形鋼管が１本ずつ、角部同士が略線接触するように配置されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the thermal buffer material 14A is a rectangular steel tube having a rectangular outer edge in cross section, and is attached so as to cover the corners of two adjacent surfaces at each of the four corners of the core material 12. Specifically, one square steel pipe is arranged on each of the two adjacent surfaces of the corners, and the corners are arranged so as to make substantially linear contact with each other.
熱緩衝材１４Ａの長手方向（図１中の上下方向）の長さは、心材１２の長手方向の長さと同じであり、熱緩衝材１４Ａは、火災時、心材１２に加えられる熱を緩衝する。熱緩衝材１４Ａと心材１２とは、例えば接着剤やドリフトピン等によって一体化されている。熱緩衝材１４Ａの鋼管の内側には空気層が形成され、形成された空気層は、火災時に断熱層として機能する。 The length of the heat buffer material 14A in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) is the same as the length of the core material 12 in the longitudinal direction, and the heat buffer material 14A buffers heat applied to the core material 12 at the time of fire. .. The thermal buffer material 14A and the core material 12 are integrated by, for example, an adhesive agent or a drift pin. An air layer is formed inside the steel pipe of the heat buffer material 14A, and the formed air layer functions as a heat insulating layer in the event of a fire.
耐火材１８Ａは、例えば、熱が加えられ一定の温度を超えると膨張する、発泡性の耐火塗膜である。耐火塗膜の厚みは、火災時、通常時の厚みの５倍以上に膨張し得る。心材１２の外側面側には、耐火材１８Ａを支持する下地材としてのラス網１６が取り付けられている。 The refractory material 18A is, for example, a foamable refractory coating that expands when heated and exceeds a certain temperature. The thickness of the fire-resistant coating film can expand to more than 5 times the normal thickness in the event of a fire. A lath net 16 as a base material for supporting the refractory material 18A is attached to the outer surface side of the core material 12.
ラス網１６は、図２中の心材１２における一辺の両端の角部にそれぞれ取り付けられた、一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａ間に架け渡されて、一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａに取り付けられている。同様に、心材１２の四辺のうち他の辺においても、ラス網１６は、両端の一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａに架け渡されて取り付けられている。なお、ラス網１６の配置パターンは図２中に例示した、一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａ間に架け渡されるものに限定されず、例えば、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面全体が覆われるように、熱緩衝材１４Ａ上に配置されてもよい。耐火材１８Ａは、ラス網１６上及び熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面上で、連続的に一定の厚みで塗布されている。耐火材１８Ａは、例えばスプレー等の噴霧装置を用いた耐火塗料の吹き付けや、ハケ塗り等によって、塗布することができる。 The lath net 16 is attached to the pair of thermal buffer materials 14A and 14A by being bridged between the pair of thermal buffer materials 14A and 14A, which are respectively attached to the corners at both ends of one side of the core material 12 in FIG. ing. Similarly, on the other side of the four sides of the core material 12, the lath net 16 is attached by being bridged over the pair of thermal buffer materials 14A and 14A at both ends. The arrangement pattern of the lath net 16 is not limited to the one illustrated in FIG. 2 that is bridged between the pair of thermal buffer materials 14A and 14A, and for example, the entire outer surface of the thermal buffer material 14A may be covered. , May be arranged on the heat cushioning material 14A. The refractory material 18A is continuously applied with a constant thickness on the lath net 16 and on the outer surface of the thermal buffer material 14A. The refractory material 18A can be applied, for example, by spraying a refractory paint using a spraying device such as a spray or brush coating.
ここで、例えば、耐火塗膜を用いる代わりに、心材１２の周囲に耐火被覆を施工して木材の耐火性を向上させる方法が知られている。しかし、耐火被覆の場合、燃え易い木材の耐火性を所定の時間確保するため、例えば、６０ｍｍ以上のように、比較的厚く施工する必要が生じる場合が多い。このため、施工作業の手間がかかり、コストが嵩むという問題がある。また、心材１２の周囲に燃え止まり層を設置する方法や、木質材と鉄骨部材とを組み合わせて、いわゆるハイブリッドタイプと呼ばれる耐火木材を実現する方法も知られているが、コストに加えて品質管理の手間と時間がかかるという問題がある。 Here, for example, instead of using a fire-resistant coating film, a method of applying a fire-resistant coating around the core material 12 to improve the fire resistance of wood is known. However, in the case of a fireproof coating, in order to secure the fireproofness of the wood that is easily combustible for a predetermined time, it is often necessary to construct it relatively thick, for example, 60 mm or more. Therefore, there is a problem that the construction work is troublesome and the cost is high. Further, there are also known a method of providing a fire-stop layer around the core material 12 and a method of realizing a so-called hybrid type fire-resistant wood by combining a wood material and a steel frame member. There is a problem that it takes time and effort.
この点、本実施形態では、心材１２の外側面全面に対し、噴霧装置を用いて、耐火塗料を一度に吹き付けるだけで済むため、耐火処理に係る作業負担を低減できる。なお、本実施形態では、耐火塗料の耐火材１８Ａを５ｍｍ程度以上の厚みで比較的厚く塗膜することによって、耐火被覆を用いることなく、耐火被覆と同等の耐火性を実現できる。 In this respect, in the present embodiment, it is only necessary to spray the refractory paint onto the entire outer surface of the core material 12 at one time by using the spraying device, so that the work load related to the fireproof treatment can be reduced. In this embodiment, the fire-resistant material 18A of the fire-resistant paint is coated with a relatively large thickness of about 5 mm or more, whereby the fire resistance equivalent to the fire-resistant coating can be realized without using the fire-resistant coating.
また、ラス網１６は、例えば、鉄線や鋼線を折り曲げつつ絡み合わせることによって形成されてもよいし、或いは、鉄筋同士を交差するように組み合わせることによって形成されてもよい。また、鉄板や鋼板を打ち抜いて網目パターンが形成されたラス網が使用されてもよい。また、網目パターンは、図１中に例示した菱形以外にも、矩形状や円形状等、他の形状を適宜採用できる。また、ラス網１６としては、正面から見て、全体が格子状をなすように、鉄線、鋼線又は鉄筋等の線状部材が互いに直交して配置されてもよい。 Further, the lath net 16 may be formed, for example, by bending and intertwining an iron wire or a steel wire, or may be formed by combining reinforcing bars so as to intersect each other. Alternatively, a lath net formed by punching an iron plate or a steel plate to form a mesh pattern may be used. Further, as the mesh pattern, in addition to the diamond shape illustrated in FIG. 1, other shapes such as a rectangular shape and a circular shape can be appropriately adopted. Further, as the lath net 16, linear members such as iron wires, steel wires or reinforcing bars may be arranged orthogonally to each other so that the whole is in a lattice shape when viewed from the front.
また、本発明では、ラス網には、金属以外の素材が用いられてもよい。また、複数の線状部材が交差することなく、一方向に沿って平行に配置されてもよい。ただし、図１中に例示したラス網１６のように、線状部材が交差する場合、交差部分の形状が平坦にならず、交差位置に一定の凹凸が形成される。凹凸の交差位置では、耐火塗膜が線状部材に絡み易くなるため、耐火材１８Ａをより堅固に保持できる。 Further, in the present invention, a material other than metal may be used for the lath net. Further, the plurality of linear members may be arranged in parallel along one direction without intersecting each other. However, like the lath net 16 illustrated in FIG. 1, when the linear members intersect, the shape of the intersecting portion is not flat, and a certain unevenness is formed at the intersecting position. At the intersecting positions of the irregularities, the refractory coating is likely to be entangled with the linear member, so that the refractory material 18A can be held more firmly.
仕上げ材２０は、スギやヒノキ等の一般の木造建築に用いられる木材（一般木材）で作製できる。仕上げ材２０は、ビスや釘等、熱伝導率が比較的高い金属製の留付部材２２を用いて、熱緩衝材１４Ａに取り付けられて支持されている。なお、熱緩衝材１４Ａには、留付部材２２を差し込むための下穴を予め開けておけばよい。 The finishing material 20 can be made of wood (general wood) used for general wooden construction such as cedar and cypress. The finishing material 20 is attached to and supported by the heat cushioning material 14A using a metal fastening member 22 having a relatively high thermal conductivity such as a screw or a nail. It should be noted that a prepared hole for inserting the fastening member 22 may be formed in advance in the heat buffer material 14A.
図２に示すように、留付部材２２は、外側から差し込まれ、先端は、熱緩衝材１４Ａである鋼管の内側の空気層に位置し、心材１２の内部に到達していない。なお、仕上げ材２０の熱緩衝材１４Ａへの取り付け方法は、留付部材２２に限定されず、例えば接着剤等、他の手段が用いられてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2, the fastening member 22 is inserted from the outside, the tip is located in the air layer inside the steel pipe that is the heat buffer material 14A, and does not reach the inside of the core material 12. The method of attaching the finishing material 20 to the thermal buffer material 14A is not limited to the fastening member 22, and other means such as an adhesive may be used.
また、本発明では、仕上げ材としては、一般木材以外の材料であっても適宜採用できる。特に、耐火性を高める目的で、燃え止まり効果を発揮できる層（燃え止まり層）を、仕上げ材として好適に採用できる。燃え止まり層は、難燃性を有する層や、熱伝導を抑制できる層を含む。具体的には、例えば、難燃性を有する層として、木材に難燃薬剤を注入して不燃化処理した難燃薬剤注入層を使用できる。また、熱伝導を抑制できる層は、一般木材よりも熱容量が大きな材料、一般木材よりも断熱性が高い材料、又は一般木材よりも熱慣性が高い材料によって形成してもよいし、これらの材料と一般木材とを組み合わせて形成してもよい。 Further, in the present invention, as the finishing material, a material other than general wood can be appropriately adopted. In particular, for the purpose of enhancing fire resistance, a layer capable of exhibiting a flame-retardant effect (a flame-retardant layer) can be suitably adopted as a finishing material. The flame-retardant layer includes a layer having flame retardancy and a layer capable of suppressing heat conduction. Specifically, for example, as the flame-retardant layer, a flame-retardant agent injection layer obtained by injecting a flame-retardant agent into wood to make it incombustible can be used. The layer capable of suppressing heat conduction may be formed of a material having a larger heat capacity than general wood, a material having a higher heat insulating property than general wood, or a material having a higher thermal inertia than general wood, or these materials. And general wood may be combined and formed.
一般木材よりも熱容量が大きな材料としては、例えばモルタル、石材、ガラス、繊維補強セメント、石膏等の無機質材料、各種の金属材料などが使用できる。また、一般木材よりも断熱性が高い材料としては、例えば珪酸カルシウム板、石膏ボード、ロックウール、グラスウールなどが挙げられる。また、一般木材よりも熱慣性が高い材料としては、例えばセランガンバツ、ジャラ、ボンゴシ等の木材が使用できる。このように仕上げ材２０の耐火性が高められることによって、耐火木材１０の耐火性を更に強化できる。 As the material having a larger heat capacity than general wood, for example, mortar, stone material, glass, fiber reinforced cement, inorganic materials such as gypsum, and various metal materials can be used. Further, examples of the material having a higher heat insulating property than general wood include calcium silicate board, gypsum board, rock wool, glass wool and the like. Further, as a material having a higher thermal inertia than general wood, wood such as serra ganba, jara, bongosi and the like can be used. By thus increasing the fire resistance of the finishing material 20, the fire resistance of the fire resistant wood 10 can be further enhanced.
本実施形態に係る耐火木材１０は、例えば柱、梁、床、壁等、耐火建物における各種の部材として使用可能である。そして、図３に示すように、火災が生じた際、耐火木材１０の外側に位置する仕上げ材２０が消失しても、熱によって耐火材１８Ａ１が、一定時間、膨張する。膨張した１８Ａ１によって耐火木材１０の外側面全面が覆われ、心材１２及び熱緩衝材１４Ａが、火炎から防護される。 The fireproof wood 10 according to the present embodiment can be used as various members in a fireproof building such as a pillar, a beam, a floor, and a wall. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, when a fire occurs, even if the finishing material 20 located outside the fireproof wood 10 disappears, the heatproof material 18A1 expands for a certain period of time. The expanded 18A1 covers the entire outer surface of the refractory wood 10 and protects the core material 12 and the heat cushioning material 14A from the flame.
（作用効果）
本実施形態に係る耐火木材１０では、心材１２の外側面側に耐火材１８Ａが取り付けられているため、外側面の耐火性が高められている。加えて、心材１２の角部には角部を覆うように、熱の伝達を緩衝する熱緩衝材１４Ａが設けられている。通常、柱の角部は、火災時に二面加熱を受けることから耐火性能上、不利な位置であるが、本実施形態では、熱緩衝材１４Ａによって角部の温度上昇が抑えられることで、耐火木材１０の耐火性が、総体的に向上する。
(Action effect)
In the refractory wood 10 according to the present embodiment, since the refractory material 18A is attached to the outer surface side of the core material 12, the fire resistance of the outer surface is enhanced. In addition, a thermal buffer material 14A that buffers heat transfer is provided at the corner of the core material 12 so as to cover the corner. Normally, the corners of the pillars are in a disadvantageous position in terms of fire resistance because they are subjected to two-sided heating in the event of a fire, but in the present embodiment, the thermal shock-absorbing material 14A suppresses the temperature rise of the corners, and thus the fire resistance is improved. The fire resistance of the wood 10 is generally improved.
また、熱緩衝材１４Ａは、熱の伝達を緩衝する機能に加え、更に、仕上げ材２０を支持する支持材としても機能する。本実施形態では、熱緩衝材１４Ａが、心材１２及び仕上げ材２０の両方に取り付けられているため、支持材が内側の部材に当接して支持されるだけの構成と比べ、仕上げ材２０が心材１２から外れ難くなる。 In addition to the function of buffering heat transfer, the thermal buffer material 14A also functions as a support material for supporting the finishing material 20. In the present embodiment, since the thermal cushioning material 14A is attached to both the core material 12 and the finishing material 20, the finishing material 20 is compared with the structure in which the supporting material is only in contact with and supported by the inner member. It's hard to come off from 12.
よって、本実施形態に係る耐火木材１０によれば、耐火性に優れ、かつ、仕上げ材２０の安定支持性が高められた耐火木材１０を提供することができる。また、熱緩衝材１４Ａが仕上げ材２０の支持を兼ねる部材であることにより、熱緩衝材１４Ａとは別の支持材が不要になるため、耐火木材１０を構成する部材数を低減することが可能になる。 Therefore, according to the fire-resistant wood 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the fire-resistant wood 10 having excellent fire resistance and improved stable support of the finishing material 20. In addition, since the heat cushioning material 14A is a member that also serves as a support for the finishing material 20, a support material different from the heat cushioning material 14A is not required, so that the number of members constituting the refractory wood 10 can be reduced. become.
また、本実施形態によれば、熱緩衝材１４Ａは、熱容量が比較的大きな鋼材であるため、耐火木材１０の耐火性をより高めることができる。また、内側に形成された空気層は、断熱層として機能するため、耐火木材１０の耐火性が一層向上する。 Further, according to the present embodiment, since the heat buffer material 14A is a steel material having a relatively large heat capacity, the fire resistance of the fire resistant wood 10 can be further enhanced. Further, the air layer formed inside functions as a heat insulating layer, so that the fire resistance of the fire resistant wood 10 is further improved.
また、金属製の留付部材２２の先端が熱緩衝材１４Ａの空気層に位置し、心材１２には到達しないため、火災時、火炎に晒された留付部材２２の熱が、留付部材２２から心材１２へ直接伝達されない。一方、図４に示すように、比較例に係る耐火木材１０Ｚの場合、留付部材２２の先端が心材１２に到達するように、仕上げ材２０が、金属製の留付部材２２によって取り付けられている。 In addition, since the tip of the metal fastening member 22 is located in the air layer of the thermal buffer material 14A and does not reach the core material 12, the heat of the fastening member 22 exposed to the flame during a fire is No direct transmission from 22 to the core 12. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of the fire-resistant wood 10Z according to the comparative example, the finishing material 20 is attached by the metal fastening member 22 so that the tip of the fastening member 22 reaches the core material 12. There is.
比較例の場合、留付部材２２の熱が心材１２に直接伝達して、心材１２の炭化や燃焼が促進する懸念がある。この点、本実施形態の場合、図３に示したように、熱緩衝材１４Ａが介在することによって、熱が留付部材２２から心材１２へ直接伝達されないため、心材１２の炭化や燃焼の可能性が低減し、耐火木材１０の耐火性をより高めることができる。また、留付部材２２の先端によって心材１２が痛んだり傷ついたりすることで、心材１２が熱に対して弱くなる場合があるが、本実施形態によれば、心材１２が痛む又は傷つくことを回避できる。 In the case of the comparative example, the heat of the fastening members 22 may be directly transferred to the core material 12, and the carbonization and combustion of the core material 12 may be promoted. In this respect, in the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, since the heat buffer material 14A is interposed, heat is not directly transferred from the fastening members 22 to the core material 12, so that the core material 12 can be carbonized or burned. Therefore, the fire resistance of the fireproof wood 10 can be further improved. Further, since the tip of the fastening member 22 may damage or damage the core material 12 in some cases, the core material 12 may be vulnerable to heat. However, according to the present embodiment, the core material 12 is prevented from being damaged or damaged. it can.
また、留付部材２２の先端が空気層に位置するため、先端が心材１２に到達して位置する場合に比べ、留付部材２２の外側面が周囲と接触する領域が減少する。このため、抜き差し時に留付部材２２が周囲から受ける摩擦力が小さくなるので、留付部材２２を容易に抜き差し可能になり、仕上げ材２０の取り付け取り外し作業の負担を軽減できる。よって、本実施形態によれば、心材１２を痛めないこととも相俟って、改修時等において、仕上げ材２０を容易に交換することができる。 Further, since the tip of the fastening member 22 is located in the air layer, the area in which the outer side surface of the fastening member 22 contacts the surroundings is reduced as compared with the case where the tip reaches the core material 12 and is located. For this reason, the frictional force that the fastening members 22 receive from the surroundings during insertion/removal is reduced, so that the fastening members 22 can be easily inserted/removed, and the work of attaching/detaching the finishing material 20 can be reduced. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in combination with not damaging the core material 12, the finishing material 20 can be easily replaced during repair or the like.
また、本実施形態では、耐火材１８Ａは、一定の熱が加えられた際に膨張する発泡性の耐火塗膜であるため、火災が生じていない通常時は、耐火木材１０の厚みを小さく抑えられる。このため、耐火木材１０の耐火性を高めつつ、耐火木材１０の寸法をコンパクトに設計できる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the refractory material 18A is a foamable refractory coating that expands when a certain amount of heat is applied, so the thickness of the refractory wood 10 is kept small during normal times when no fire occurs. To be Therefore, the fireproof wood 10 can be designed to be compact in size while enhancing the fireproofness of the fireproof wood 10.
また、耐火塗膜の下地材が、凹凸を有するラス網１６であるため、耐火塗膜は、ラス網１６の網目に絡み、堅固に支持される。このため、本実施形態によれば、耐火塗膜が膨張して体積が増大しても、膨張した耐火塗膜が下地材から脱落することを防止できる。また、ラス網１６によって耐火材１８Ａを、心材１２の外側面側に比較的厚く塗膜することが可能になる。このため、耐火塗膜の耐火材１８Ａだけであっても必要な耐火性を実現し、耐火被覆等、耐火材１８Ａ以外の耐火処理を施す手間を削減することが可能になる。 Further, since the base material of the fire-resistant coating film is the lath net 16 having irregularities, the fire-resistant coating film is entangled in the mesh of the lath net 16 and is firmly supported. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even if the refractory coating expands and its volume increases, it is possible to prevent the expanded refractory coating from falling off the base material. Further, the lath net 16 allows the refractory material 18A to be coated relatively thickly on the outer surface side of the core material 12. For this reason, it becomes possible to realize the necessary fire resistance even with only the refractory material 18A of the fire-resistant coating film, and to reduce the time and effort for performing the fire-resistant treatment such as the fire-resistant coating other than the refractory material 18A.
また、本実施形態では、熱緩衝材１４Ａとして鋼管が使用されており、鋼管を含む鋼材は、熱容量が大きい半面、熱伝導率も比較的高い。しかし、鋼管の熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面上に亘って耐火材１８Ａが塗膜されているため、火災時、熱緩衝材１４Ａから心材１２への熱の伝達を抑制することができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, a steel pipe is used as the heat buffer material 14A, and the steel material including the steel pipe has a large heat capacity, but also has a relatively high thermal conductivity. However, since the refractory material 18A is coated on the outer surface of the heat buffer material 14A of the steel pipe, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat from the heat buffer material 14A to the core material 12 during a fire.
＜第１変形例＞
次に、本実施形態の第１〜第５変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ａ〜１０Ｅを説明する。なお、以下の変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ａ〜１０Ｅの説明では、図１〜図３に示した耐火木材１０と異なる点について主に説明し、同名の等価な部材については重複説明を省略する。
<First Modification>
Next, fire resistant woods 10A to 10E according to first to fifth modifications of the present embodiment will be described. In the following description of the refractory woods 10A to 10E according to the modification, differences from the refractory wood 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be mainly described, and duplicate description of equivalent members having the same name will be omitted.
図１〜図３に示した耐火木材１０では、耐火材１８Ａは、ラス網１６上及び熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面上で連続的に設けられていたが、図５に示すように、耐火材１８Ｂは、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面に設けられなくてもよい。図５中に例示した第１変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ａでは、耐火材１８Ｂは、ラス網１６上に限定して設けられ、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面上では、ラス網１６の近傍の領域以外には、設けられていない。 In the refractory wood 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the refractory material 18A was continuously provided on the lath net 16 and on the outer side surface of the heat cushioning material 14A, but as shown in FIG. 18B may not be provided on the outer side surface of the heat cushioning material 14A. In the refractory wood 10A according to the first modified example illustrated in FIG. 5, the refractory material 18B is provided only on the lath net 16, and on the outer surface of the thermal buffer material 14A, a region near the lath net 16 is provided. Other than that, it is not provided.
第１変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ａの場合においても、火災時に、ラス網１６上に設けられた耐火材１８Ｂが膨張する。図６に示すように、耐火材１８Ｂ１は、心材１２の四辺のそれぞれから外側に向かって膨張する。そして、心材１２のそれぞれの辺の両端の角部では、隣り合う辺から膨張した耐火材１８Ｂ１どうしが回り込んで合流し、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面を覆う。すなわち、第１変形例では、火災時に膨張した耐火材１８Ｂ１が隣り合う側面どうしの角部で合流して、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面が露出しないように、通常時における耐火材１８Ｂの塗膜の厚みが設定されている。 Also in the case of the fireproof wood 10A according to the first modification, the fireproof material 18B provided on the lath net 16 expands during a fire. As shown in FIG. 6, the refractory material 18B1 expands outward from each of the four sides of the core material 12. Then, at the corners at both ends of each side of the core material 12, the expanded refractory materials 18B1 wrap around and join together to cover the outer surface of the thermal buffer material 14A. That is, in the first modified example, the coating film of the refractory material 18B in the normal state is arranged so that the refractory material 18B1 expanded during the fire joins at the corners of the adjacent side surfaces so that the outer surface of the heat cushioning material 14A is not exposed. Is set.
第１変形例によれば、通常時、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面における仕上げ材２０に対向する部分に耐火材１８Ｂが設けられておらず、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面が露出するため、留付部材２２を差し込む下穴を容易に加工できる。また、図１〜図３に示した耐火木材１０と比べ、耐火木材１０Ａの必要な耐火性を実現可能な範囲で、耐火材１８Ｂの使用量を抑えることが可能になる。 According to the first modified example, normally, the refractory material 18B is not provided in the portion of the outer surface of the heat cushioning material 14A facing the finishing material 20, and the outer surface of the heat cushioning material 14A is exposed, so The prepared hole for inserting the attaching member 22 can be easily processed. Further, as compared with the fireproof wood 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is possible to suppress the amount of the fireproof material 18B used within a range in which the necessary fire resistance of the fireproof wood 10A can be realized.
なお、図５中では、角部において隣接する２本の熱緩衝材１４Ａの内側で対向する外側面上には、耐火材１８Ｂが塗布されていなかった。しかし、対向する外側面上に耐火材１８Ｂを部分的に塗布することによって、角部において、仕上げ材２０側から心材１２の中心側に向かう熱に対する耐性が、更に高められてもよい。 In FIG. 5, the refractory material 18B was not applied to the outer surfaces of the two adjacent thermal buffer materials 14A that are adjacent to each other at the corners and that face each other. However, by partially applying the refractory material 18B on the opposing outer surfaces, the resistance to the heat from the side of the finishing material 20 toward the center of the core material 12 at the corners may be further enhanced.
また、熱緩衝材１４Ａの鋼管の内側の中空部に、ロックウール等の耐火素材を充填する（詰める）ことによって、耐火性が高められてもよい。また、耐火素材としては、ロックウール以外であってもよく、例えば、モルタルや石膏を、留付部材２２の差し込み後に中空部に流し込むことによって耐火素材を構成してもよい。このように熱緩衝材１４Ａの中空部に耐火素材が充填され角部の耐火性が高められることによって、耐火材１８Ｂの使用量を抑えつつ、耐火木材１０Ａの耐火性をより補強することができる。なお、熱緩衝材の中空部に耐火素材が充填される構成は、第１変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ａの場合に限定されず、図１に示した耐火木材１０等、本発明に係るすべての耐火木材に適用できる。 Further, the fire resistance may be enhanced by filling (filling) the hollow portion inside the steel pipe of the heat buffer material 14A with a fire resistant material such as rock wool. The refractory material may be other than rock wool. For example, the refractory material may be formed by pouring mortar or gypsum into the hollow portion after inserting the fastening member 22. By thus filling the hollow portion of the heat buffer material 14A with the refractory material and increasing the fire resistance of the corners, the fire resistance of the refractory wood 10A can be further reinforced while suppressing the amount of the refractory material 18B used. .. The configuration in which the hollow portion of the heat buffer material is filled with the refractory material is not limited to the case of the refractory wood 10A according to the first modified example, and all the refractory wood 10 shown in FIG. Applicable to refractory wood.
＜第２変形例＞
図１〜図３に示した耐火木材１０では、熱緩衝材１４Ａは、角形鋼管であった。しかし、図７（Ａ）に示すように、断面がＣ字状の鋼製のチャンネル材が、熱緩衝材１４Ｂとして心材１２の角部において隣接するように設けられ、熱緩衝材１４Ｂの内側で心材１２との間に、空気層が形成されてもよい。図７（Ａ）中に例示した第２変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｂの場合のように、内側で空気層が形成可能な屈曲又は湾曲された鋼材であれば、角形鋼管でなくても本発明における熱緩衝材として採用できる。
<Second Modification>
In the refractory wood 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the heat buffer material 14A was a rectangular steel pipe. However, as shown in FIG. 7(A), a channel material made of steel having a C-shaped cross section is provided as a thermal buffer material 14B so as to be adjacent to each other at a corner portion of the core material 12, and inside the thermal buffer material 14B. An air layer may be formed between the core material 12 and the core material 12. As in the case of the refractory wood 10B according to the second modified example illustrated in FIG. 7(A), as long as it is a bent or curved steel material capable of forming an air layer inside, the present invention is not limited to the rectangular steel pipe. Can be used as a heat buffer material.
＜第３変形例＞
また、熱緩衝材は、心材１２の１個の角部に対して２個配置されることは必須ではなく、図７（Ｂ）に示すように、熱緩衝材１４Ｃは、心材１２の１個の角部に対して１個配置されてもよい。図７（Ｂ）中に例示した第３変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｃにおいても、熱緩衝材１４Ｃは、チャンネル材であり、内側で心材１２との間に、空気層が形成される。第３変形例の場合、心材１２の角部が熱緩衝材１４ＣのＣ字の内側に位置するように、熱緩衝材１４Ｃが配置されることによって、角部の二面加熱を緩和できると共に、必要な耐火性を実現可能な範囲で、熱緩衝材１４Ｃの使用量を抑えることが可能になる。
<Third Modification>
Further, it is not essential that two heat buffer materials are arranged for one corner portion of the core material 12, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the heat buffer material 14C is one heat buffer material. One may be arranged for each corner portion of the. In the refractory wood 10C according to the third modified example illustrated in FIG. 7B, the thermal buffer material 14C is a channel material, and an air layer is formed inside the core material 12 with the thermal buffer material 14C. In the case of the third modified example, by disposing the thermal buffer material 14C so that the corner portion of the core material 12 is located inside the C-shape of the thermal buffer material 14C, it is possible to alleviate the two-sided heating of the corner portion, The amount of the thermal buffer material 14C used can be suppressed within a range in which the required fire resistance can be realized.
＜第４変形例＞
図８（Ａ）中に例示した第４変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｄの場合、熱緩衝材１４Ｄとしてのチャンネル材は、Ｃ字をなす３個の外側面を有し、３個の内の１個の外側面が、心材１２の外側面と接合する。第４変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｄのように、熱緩衝材１４Ｄの内側に閉鎖された空気層が形成されなくても、換言すると、開放された空気層が形成される場合であっても本発明は成立する。また、第４変形例によれば、熱緩衝材１４Ｄが、端面よりも広い外側面を用いて心材１２と接合される。このため、図７に示したような、熱緩衝材１４Ｂ，１４Ｃの端面が心材１２の外側面と接合する場合と比べ、熱緩衝材１４Ｄと心材１２との一体性を高めることができる。
<Fourth Modification>
In the case of the refractory wood 10D according to the fourth modified example illustrated in FIG. 8A, the channel material as the heat cushioning material 14D has three C-shaped outer surfaces, and one of the three outer surfaces. The outer surface of each piece is joined to the outer surface of the core material 12. Even if the closed air layer is not formed inside the heat cushioning material 14D as in the case of the fire resistant wood 10D according to the fourth modification, in other words, even if the open air layer is formed, The invention is realized. Further, according to the fourth modified example, the thermal buffer material 14D is joined to the core material 12 by using the outer side surface wider than the end surface. Therefore, as compared with the case where the end surfaces of the thermal buffer materials 14B and 14C are joined to the outer surface of the core material 12 as shown in FIG. 7, the integrity of the thermal buffer material 14D and the core material 12 can be enhanced.
なお、図８（Ａ）中では、熱緩衝材１４Ｄの仕上げ材２０に対向する外側面上に耐火材１８Ａが塗布されると共に、塗布された耐火材１８Ａを介して、仕上げ材２０が熱緩衝材１４Ｄに支持された場合が例示されていた。しかし、本発明ではこれに限定されず、例えば、熱緩衝材１４Ｄの仕上げ材２０に対向する外側面上には耐火材１８Ａを塗布せず、仕上げ材２０が熱緩衝材１４Ｄによって直接支持されてもよい。すなわち、必要な耐火性が実現できる限り、耐火材１８Ａを部分的に省略してもよい。 In FIG. 8(A), the refractory material 18A is applied to the outer surface of the heat cushioning material 14D facing the finishing material 20, and the finishing material 20 is thermally buffered via the applied refractory material 18A. The case where it is supported by the member 14D has been illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the refractory material 18A is not applied to the outer surface of the thermal cushioning material 14D facing the finishing material 20, and the finishing material 20 is directly supported by the thermal cushioning material 14D. Good. That is, the refractory material 18A may be partially omitted as long as the required fire resistance can be realized.
＜第５変形例＞
また、図８（Ｂ）に示すように、熱緩衝材１４Ｅは、断面がＬ字状のアングル材（等辺山形鋼）であってもよい。図８（Ｂ）中に例示した第５変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｅの場合、熱緩衝材１４Ｅは、Ｌ字をなす２個の外側面を有し、２個の内の一方の外側面が、心材１２の外側面と接合する。また、熱緩衝材１４Ｅの他方の外側面が位置する部分には、ビス、釘等の固定具２８を介して、補助支持部材２６が取り付けられている。
<Fifth Modification>
Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the heat buffer material 14E may be an angle material (equilateral angle steel) having an L-shaped cross section. In the case of the refractory wood 10E according to the fifth modified example illustrated in FIG. 8B, the thermal cushioning material 14E has two L-shaped outer surfaces, and one of the two outer surfaces has an outer surface. , The outer surface of the core material 12 is joined. An auxiliary support member 26 is attached to a portion of the heat cushioning material 14E where the other outer surface is located, via a fixture 28 such as a screw or a nail.
補助支持部材２６は、断面がＬ字状であり、熱緩衝材１４Ｅと仕上げ材２０とを接続する。補助支持部材２６は、熱緩衝材１４Ｅと同様、Ｌ字をなす２個の外側面を有し、２個の内の一方の外側面が、熱緩衝材１４Ｅの内側面と接合する。補助支持部材２６の他方の外側面は、仕上げ材２０の内側面と接合する。補助支持部材２６は、留付部材２２によって、仕上げ材２０に取り付けられている。 The auxiliary support member 26 has an L-shaped cross section, and connects the thermal buffer material 14E and the finishing material 20. The auxiliary support member 26 has two L-shaped outer surfaces, like the heat buffer material 14E, and one outer surface of the two is joined to the inner surface of the heat buffer material 14E. The other outer side surface of the auxiliary support member 26 is joined to the inner side surface of the finishing material 20. The auxiliary support member 26 is attached to the finishing material 20 by the fastening member 22.
なお、補助支持部材２６の長手方向の長さは、仕上げ材２０を支持できる限り、熱緩衝材１４Ｅと同じであってもよいし、熱緩衝材１４Ｅより短くてもよい。また、図８（Ｂ）中では、ビス、釘等のように、先端が尖った固定具２８が例示されたが、本発明では、これに限定されない。固定具としては、熱緩衝材１４Ｅと補助支持部材２６とを一体的に固定できればよく、例えばボルト及びナットでもよい。或いは、熱緩衝材１４Ｅと補助支持部材２６とが、接着剤で接合されても構わない。 The length of the auxiliary support member 26 in the longitudinal direction may be the same as that of the heat buffer material 14E or may be shorter than that of the heat buffer material 14E as long as it can support the finishing material 20. Further, in FIG. 8B, the fixing tool 28 having a sharp tip like a screw or a nail is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this. As the fixing tool, it is sufficient that the heat buffer material 14E and the auxiliary supporting member 26 can be integrally fixed, and for example, a bolt and a nut may be used. Alternatively, the thermal buffer material 14E and the auxiliary support member 26 may be bonded with an adhesive.
＜第６変形例＞
図１〜図８中では、耐火木材１０，１０Ａ〜１０Ｅの耐火材１８Ａ，１８Ｂの構成が一層である場合が例示されたが、本発明では、これに限定されず、耐火材は２層以上であってもよい。例えば、図９に示すように、第６変形例に係る耐火木材１０Ｆは、内側層１８Ｃ１と外側層１８Ｃ２とからなる２層構成の耐火材１８Ｃを有する。
<Sixth Modification>
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 8, the case where the structure of the refractory materials 18A and 18B of the refractory wood 10, 10A to 10E is one layer is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the refractory material has two or more layers. May be For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a fireproof wood 10F according to the sixth modification has a fireproof material 18C having a two-layer structure including an inner layer 18C1 and an outer layer 18C2.
耐火材１８Ｃの内側層１８Ｃ１は、例えば石膏ボードであり、心材１２の外側面（周面）のうち、熱緩衝材１４Ａが配置された角部を除く中央の領域に配置されている。すなわち、耐火木材１０Ｆにおいて、４枚の石膏ボードの内側層１８Ｃ１が、心材１２の４枚の外側面上で、熱緩衝材１４Ａが配置されていない部分に貼り合わされている。内側層１８Ｃ１は、ビス等の固定部材（不図示）によって、心材１２に直接、又は、垂木などを介して間接的に固定されている。 The inner layer 18C1 of the refractory material 18C is, for example, a gypsum board, and is arranged in the central area of the outer surface (peripheral surface) of the core material 12 excluding the corners where the heat buffer material 14A is arranged. That is, in the fireproof wood 10F, the four inner layers 18C1 of the gypsum board are attached to the four outer surfaces of the core material 12 at the portions where the heat cushioning material 14A is not arranged. The inner layer 18C1 is fixed to the core 12 directly or indirectly via a rafter or the like by a fixing member (not shown) such as a screw.
内側層１８Ｃ１は、断熱性を高めつつ、耐火性能を有する層である。なお、本発明では、内側層は、石膏ボードに限定されず、他の材料を適宜採用できる。例えば、ケイ酸カルシウム板、プレキャストコンクリート板、ＡＬＣ板、水ガラス含浸コルク、巻付け型ロックウールマット、水ガラスを含浸させたロックウールマット、又は、吹付けロックウール等を、内側層として使用できる。すなわち、内側層は、通常時、固形状であると共に、気乾状態において水分を担持する材料であることが好ましい。 The inner layer 18C1 is a layer having fire resistance while enhancing heat insulation. In addition, in the present invention, the inner layer is not limited to the gypsum board, and other materials can be appropriately adopted. For example, calcium silicate board, precast concrete board, ALC board, water glass impregnated cork, roll type rock wool mat, water glass impregnated rock wool mat, or sprayed rock wool can be used as the inner layer. .. That is, it is preferable that the inner layer is a material that is normally in a solid state and supports moisture in an air-dried state.
第６変形例では、図２中に例示した耐火木材１０の耐火材１８Ａの場合と同様に、心材１２における一辺の両端の角部に、一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａがそれぞれ取り付けられ、一対の熱緩衝材１４Ａ，１４Ａ間には、ラス網１６が架け渡されている。ただし、図９に示したように、第６変形例の耐火材１８Ｃでは、内側層１８Ｃ１が設けられているため、ラス網１６は、熱緩衝材１４Ａの外側面上において、図２中に例示した耐火木材１０の耐火材１８Ａの場合より外側に取り付けられている。 In the sixth modified example, as in the case of the refractory material 18A of the refractory wood 10 illustrated in FIG. 2, a pair of heat buffer materials 14A and 14A are attached to the corner portions of both ends of one side of the core material 12, respectively. A lath net 16 is laid between the heat buffer materials 14A and 14A. However, as shown in FIG. 9, in the refractory material 18C of the sixth modified example, since the inner layer 18C1 is provided, the lath net 16 is illustrated in FIG. 2 on the outer surface of the heat buffer material 14A. It is attached to the outside of the case of the refractory material 18A of the fireproof wood 10.
耐火材１８Ｃの外側層１８Ｃ２は、図２中に例示した耐火木材１０の耐火材１８Ａの場合と同様に、連続的に一定の厚みで塗布された、発泡性の耐火塗料である。外側層１８Ｃ２は、同様に、スプレー等の噴霧装置を用いた吹き付けやハケ塗り等によって、内側層１８Ｃ１及び熱緩衝材１４Ａの外周面上に塗布できる。外側層１８Ｃ２は、少なくとも所定温度以上の状態において気泡を備えることが可能な材料で形成されている。 The outer layer 18C2 of the refractory material 18C is a foamable refractory paint continuously applied with a constant thickness, as in the case of the refractory material 18A of the refractory wood 10 illustrated in FIG. Similarly, the outer layer 18C2 can be applied on the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner layer 18C1 and the heat buffer material 14A by spraying or brushing using a spraying device such as a spray. The outer layer 18C2 is formed of a material capable of containing bubbles at least at a predetermined temperature or higher.
「所定温度」とは、炎や熱によって、内側層１８Ｃ１に担持されている水分が気化する温度であり、具体的には、摂氏１００℃の温度である。第６変形例でも、火災時に、外側層１８Ｃ２が熱せられて所定温度以上になると、外側層１８Ｃ２が発泡して気泡が形成されることによって外側層１８Ｃ２の体積が増加する。そして、図３に示したように、外側層１８Ｃ２は膨張し、耐火性が実現される。 The “predetermined temperature” is a temperature at which the moisture carried on the inner layer 18C1 is vaporized by a flame or heat, and specifically, a temperature of 100° C. Also in the sixth modified example, when the outer layer 18C2 is heated to a predetermined temperature or higher during a fire, the outer layer 18C2 foams to form bubbles, thereby increasing the volume of the outer layer 18C2. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer layer 18C2 expands and the fire resistance is realized.
第６変形例では、耐火塗料の外側層１８Ｃ２の内側に、断熱性をより高める石膏ボードが内側層１８Ｃ１として設けられている。このため、耐火塗料の１層のみで耐火材が構成されている場合と比べ、断熱性の強化と耐火性の向上とを好適に両立することができる。 In the sixth modified example, a gypsum board that further enhances heat insulation is provided as the inner layer 18C1 inside the outer layer 18C2 of the fire-resistant paint. Therefore, compared with the case where the refractory material is composed of only one layer of the refractory paint, it is possible to favorably achieve both enhancement of heat insulation and improvement of fire resistance.
＜その他の実施形態＞
本発明は上記の開示した実施の形態によって説明したが、この説明は、本発明を限定するものではない。本開示から当業者には様々な代替実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかになると考えられるべきである。
<Other embodiments>
Although the present invention has been described by the above disclosed embodiments, this description is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be considered that various alternative embodiments, examples, and operation techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
例えば、本実施形態では、熱緩衝材１４Ａ〜１４Ｅは、いずれも鋼材であったが、本発明では、これに限定されず、例えばコンクリート、セラミック、木材、石膏、石膏ボード、珪酸カルシウム板等、鋼材以外の他の材料が、熱緩衝材として採用されてもよい。他の材料としては、仕上げ材２０の説明において挙げられた、燃え止まり層として使用可能な各種の材料が採用できる。 For example, in the present embodiment, the heat buffer materials 14A to 14E are all steel materials, but the present invention is not limited to this, and examples thereof include concrete, ceramic, wood, gypsum, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, and the like. Materials other than steel may be adopted as the heat buffer material. As other materials, various materials that can be used as the flame-retardant layer mentioned in the description of the finishing material 20 can be adopted.
また、本実施形態では、耐火材１８Ａとして、ラス網１６に支持された発泡性の耐火塗膜が例示されたが、本発明では、この組み合わせに限定されず、例えば、耐火塗料が心材１２の外側面に直接塗膜されてもよい。また、耐火材１８Ａは、耐火塗料である必要はなく、耐火被覆等、耐火塗料以外の材料が採用されてもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, as the refractory material 18A, a foamable refractory coating film supported by the lath net 16 is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this combination, and for example, a refractory paint of the core material 12 is used. It may be directly coated on the outer surface. Further, the refractory material 18A does not need to be a refractory paint, and a material other than the refractory paint such as a fireproof coating may be adopted.
また、図１〜図９中に示したそれぞれの耐火木材１０，１０Ａ〜１０Ｆ中の部材を組み合わせて本発明を構成することもできる。本発明は、上記に記載していない様々な実施の形態等を含むと共に、本発明の技術的範囲は、上記の説明から妥当な特許請求の範囲の発明特定事項によってのみ定められるものである。 Further, the present invention can be configured by combining the members in the respective refractory woods 10 and 10A to 10F shown in FIGS. 1 to 9. The present invention includes various embodiments not described above, and the technical scope of the present invention is defined only by the matters specifying the invention in the scope of claims appropriate from the above description.
１０，１０Ａ〜１０Ｆ 耐火木材
１２ 心材
１４Ａ〜１４Ｅ 熱緩衝材
１６ ラス網
１８Ａ，１８Ａ１ 耐火材
１８Ｂ，１８Ｂ１ 耐火材
１８Ｃ 耐火材
２０ 仕上げ材
２２ 留付部材
10, 10A to 10F Fireproof wood 12 Core material 14A to 14E Heat buffer material 16 Lath net 18A, 18A1 Fireproof material 18B, 18B1 Fireproof material 18C Fireproof material 20 Finishing material 22 Fastening member 22
Claims (3)
前記心材の角部に取り付けられた熱緩衝材と、
前記心材の外側面側に取り付けられた耐火材と、
前記熱緩衝材に支持され前記耐火材及び前記熱緩衝材を覆う仕上げ材と、
を有する耐火木材。 A prismatic heartwood made of wood,
A thermal shock absorber attached to a corner of the core material;
A refractory material attached to the outer surface side of the core material,
A finishing material which is supported by the thermal buffer material and covers the refractory material and the thermal buffer material,
Fire resistant wood with.
前記仕上げ材は、先端が前記空気層に位置する留付部材で前記熱緩衝材に取り付けられている、請求項１に記載の耐火木材。 The heat buffer material is a steel material, an air layer is formed inside,
The fireproof wood according to claim 1, wherein the finishing material is attached to the heat cushioning material by a fastening member having a tip located in the air layer.
前記耐火材は、前記ラス網に塗布された発泡性の耐火塗膜である、請求項１又は２に記載の耐火木材。
A lath net as a base material for supporting the refractory material is attached to the outer surface side of the core material,
The fireproof wood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fireproof material is a foamable fireproof coating film applied to the lath net.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP7119151B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2022-08-16 | 東急建設株式会社 | WOODEN FIRERESISTANT STRUCTURE, BUILDING STRUCTURE AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF |
| JP2023157361A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-26 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Fireproof coating structure for steel frame member |
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| JP2018145654A (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-20 | 大成建設株式会社 | Ligneous fireproof member |
| JP2019002144A (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Fireproof main structure |
| JP6758560B2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2020-09-23 | 株式会社シェルター | Wooden building materials |
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| JP7119151B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2022-08-16 | 東急建設株式会社 | WOODEN FIRERESISTANT STRUCTURE, BUILDING STRUCTURE AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF |
| JP2022138662A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-09-26 | 東急建設株式会社 | Wooden fire-resistant structure, building structure, and construction method for the same |
| JP2023157361A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-26 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Fireproof coating structure for steel frame member |
| JP7427709B2 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2024-02-05 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Fireproof coating structure for steel frame members |
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