JP2020082143A - Press molding method and press molded product - Google Patents

Press molding method and press molded product Download PDF

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JP2020082143A
JP2020082143A JP2018221288A JP2018221288A JP2020082143A JP 2020082143 A JP2020082143 A JP 2020082143A JP 2018221288 A JP2018221288 A JP 2018221288A JP 2018221288 A JP2018221288 A JP 2018221288A JP 2020082143 A JP2020082143 A JP 2020082143A
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press
top plate
molding
curved
molded product
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JP7128586B2 (en
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洋一 舘
Yoichi Tate
洋一 舘
求 山本
Motomu Yamamoto
求 山本
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Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

To mold with good accuracy a lengthy press-molded product curved convexly toward a top plate part along a longitudinal direction without causing molding failure.SOLUTION: The press-molding method for molding a lengthy molded product 2 with a nearly hut-shaped cross section comprising a top plate 21, a vertical wall part 22 and a flange part 23, which is curved convexly toward the top plate 21 along a longitudinal direction, by press-molding a metal plate 1 includes a step of forming notches 11 and 12 at a place corresponding to a curved part of the flange part 23 in the press-molded product 2, of the metal plate 1, and a step of molding the press-molded product 2 by press-molding the metal plate 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、プレス成形方法、および、プレス成形品に関する。 The present invention relates to a press molding method and a press molding product.

自動車の車体を構成する部材として、天板部と縦壁部とフランジ部とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有し、長手方向に沿って、天板部側へ凸状に湾曲させた形状のものが存在する。この部材は、金属板（ワーク）を絞り加工することで、断面ハット形状を形成すると共に、上記湾曲形状が形成される（例えば特許文献１）。 As a member that constitutes a vehicle body of an automobile, it has a substantially hat-shaped cross section having a top plate portion, a vertical wall portion, and a flange portion, and is curved in a convex shape toward the top plate portion along the longitudinal direction. There are shapes. This member is formed by drawing a metal plate (work) to form a hat-shaped cross section and the curved shape (for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２０１２−１０１６４８号公報JP2012-101648A

上記の絞り加工における湾曲成形により、湾曲部の内側であるフランジ部の側ではワークが圧縮成形され、湾曲部の外側である天板部の側ではワークが引っ張り成形されることになる。そして、この天板部の側では、引っ張り応力が大きくなると、ネッキングや割れ等の成形不良が生じてしまうという課題があった。 By the curve forming in the drawing process, the work is compression-formed on the side of the flange which is the inside of the curve, and the work is stretch-formed on the side of the top plate which is the side of the curve. Then, on the side of the top plate portion, there is a problem that when tensile stress becomes large, molding defects such as necking and cracking occur.

上記の課題に対して、従来は、引っ張り箇所に大きなアールを設ける等、プレス成形後の部材の形状を修正することで、成形時の材料の引き伸ばし量を減らし、引っ張り応力を緩和していた。しかし、このような対策は、最終的な製品形状に影響を与えてしまうため、対策を行う上での制約が大きく、有効な方法とならない場合が多かった。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, conventionally, by modifying the shape of the member after press molding, such as providing a large radius in the tensile portion, the amount of stretching of the material at the time of molding is reduced and the tensile stress is relaxed. However, since such a measure affects the final product shape, there are many restrictions on the measure, and it is often not an effective method.

また近年では、自動車部品の軽量化への要求の高まりから、高張力鋼板（ハイテン材）が用いられる傾向にあるが、このような高張力鋼板は高強度であるため、所望の形状に湾曲成形することがそもそも困難であるという課題もあった。 In recent years, high-tensile steel sheets (high-tensile steel materials) have tended to be used due to increasing demands for weight reduction of automobile parts. However, since such high-tensile steel sheets have high strength, they can be bent into a desired shape. There was also a problem that it was difficult to do in the first place.

このような事情から、本発明では、成形不良を生じることなく、長手方向に沿って天板部の側へ凸状に湾曲した長尺のプレス成形品を精度良く成形することを課題とする。 Under such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to accurately form a long press-formed product that is convexly curved toward the top plate portion along the longitudinal direction without causing defective molding.

上記の課題を解決するため、本発明は、平板状のワークをプレス成形することにより、天板部と縦壁部とフランジ部とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有し、長手方向に沿って、前記天板部側へ凸状に湾曲した長尺のプレス成形品を成形するプレス成形方法であって、前記ワークの、前記プレス成形品における前記フランジ部の湾曲部分に相当する箇所に切り欠きを設ける工程と、前記ワークをプレス成形して、前記プレス成形品を成形する工程とを含むことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a substantially hat-shaped cross section provided with a top plate portion, a vertical wall portion, and a flange portion by press-forming a flat plate-shaped work, and in the longitudinal direction. Along, along with the press molding method of molding a long press-molded product that is convexly curved to the top plate side, in the work, at a location corresponding to the curved portion of the flange portion of the press-formed product. It is characterized by including a step of providing a notch and a step of press-forming the work to form the press-formed product.

本発明は、ワークの湾曲成形時に湾曲部内側で生じる圧縮応力を小さくすることにより、湾曲部外側に生じる引っ張り応力も同時に小さくできる点に着目してなされたものである。つまり、ワークの湾曲部内側における圧縮量が大きくなるほど、湾曲部外側での引っ張り量が大きくなることからも分かるように、湾曲部内側に生じる圧縮応力と湾曲部外側に生じる引っ張り応力との間には相関があり、湾曲部内側の圧縮応力を小さくすることで、湾曲部外側の引っ張り応力を小さくすることができる。従って、本発明では、ワークの圧縮成形される箇所、つまり、フランジ部の湾曲部分に予め切り欠きを設けることで、該当箇所の剛性を低下させて曲げやすい形状に加工し、湾曲成形時に生じる圧縮応力を小さくする。これにより、引っ張り箇所である天板部における引っ張り応力も同時に小さくすることができ、ネッキングや割れ等の成形不良を防止することができる。 The present invention has been made paying attention to the fact that the tensile stress generated on the outside of the curved portion can be simultaneously decreased by reducing the compressive stress generated on the inside of the curved portion during the bending of the work. In other words, as can be seen from the fact that the greater the amount of compression inside the curved portion of the work, the greater the amount of tension outside the curved portion, between the compressive stress generated inside the curved portion and the tensile stress generated outside the curved portion. Are correlated with each other, and by reducing the compressive stress inside the curved portion, the tensile stress outside the curved portion can be reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, by providing a notch in advance in the portion of the work to be compression-molded, that is, in the curved portion of the flange portion, the rigidity of the corresponding portion is reduced and the shape is processed into a bendable shape. Reduce stress. As a result, the tensile stress in the top plate portion, which is a tensile portion, can be reduced at the same time, and molding defects such as necking and cracks can be prevented.

このように、本発明は、引っ張り成形される箇所そのものに対策を施すことなく、該当箇所の引っ張り応力を小さくできる点が従来の対策とは大きく異なっている。このため、引っ張り箇所が製品の意匠面である等、引っ張り箇所自体の形状の変更が困難な場合であっても、引っ張り応力を小さくすることが可能である。また、前述した引っ張り箇所の形状を修正する対策に加えて、本発明の上記対策を行うことも可能であり、ネッキングや割れ等の成形不良をより確実に防止し、その成形性を向上させることができる。 As described above, the present invention is significantly different from the conventional countermeasures in that the tensile stress at the relevant portion can be reduced without taking countermeasures for the portion itself to be stretch-formed. Therefore, even if it is difficult to change the shape of the pulling point itself, such as the designing point of the product, the pulling stress can be reduced. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned measures for correcting the shape of the pulled portion, it is possible to take the above-mentioned measures of the present invention, more reliably prevent molding defects such as necking and cracks, and improve the moldability thereof. You can

さらに、圧縮応力を小さくすることで、ワークを容易に湾曲させることができるようになり、ワークとして高張力鋼板のような高強度のものを用いた場合でも、その湾曲成形が可能になる。また、圧縮応力の低減により、成形後のプレス成形品のスプリングバックを抑制でき、プレス成形品の成形性を向上させることもできる。 Further, by reducing the compressive stress, the work can be easily bent, and even when a work having a high strength such as a high-strength steel plate is used, the bending can be performed. Further, by reducing the compressive stress, springback of the press-molded product after molding can be suppressed, and the moldability of the press-molded product can be improved.

また本発明は、天板部と縦壁部とフランジ部とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有し、長手方向に沿って、前記天板部側へ凸状に湾曲した長尺のプレス成形品であって、前記フランジ部の湾曲部分に切り欠きを有する構成とすることができる。 Further, the present invention has a substantially hat-shaped cross section provided with a top plate portion, a vertical wall portion, and a flange portion, and a long press curved in a convex shape toward the top plate portion along the longitudinal direction. The molded product may have a notch in the curved portion of the flange portion.

本発明によれば、湾曲成形時のワークの圧縮箇所における圧縮応力を小さくすることで、ワークの引っ張り箇所における引っ張り応力を小さくし、プレス成形時の成形不良を防止してプレス成形品を精度良く成形することができる。 According to the present invention, by reducing the compressive stress at the compression point of the work during bending, the tensile stress at the pulling point of the work is reduced, and the press failure can be prevented with high accuracy by preventing the molding failure during press molding. It can be molded.

金属板の平面図である。It is a top view of a metal plate. （Ａ）〜（Ｂ）は、金属板をプレス成形する様子を示す断面図である。(A)-(B) is sectional drawing which shows a mode that a metal plate is press-formed. 本発明の一実施形態に係るプレス成形品の側面図である。FIG. 3B is a side view of the press-formed product according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係るプレス成形品の平面図である。FIG. 3B is a plan view of the press-formed product according to the embodiment of the present invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

本実施形態のプレス成形品を成形するためのワークとして、図１に示すように、金属板（ワーク）１が用いられる。本実施形態では、金属板１として、高張力鋼板（ハイテン材）が用いられる。金属板１の図の上下方向の端部には、それぞれ切り欠き１１，１２が設けられる。 As a work for forming the press-formed product of the present embodiment, a metal plate (work) 1 is used as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, a high-tensile steel plate (high tensile steel material) is used as the metal plate 1. Notches 11 and 12 are provided at the ends of the metal plate 1 in the vertical direction in the figure.

図２（Ａ）および図２（Ｂ）に示すように、本実施形態のプレス成形方法では、金属板１をプレス金型によって絞り加工することにより、天板部２１と縦壁部２２とフランジ部２３とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有するプレス成形品２を成形する。 As shown in FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B), in the press forming method of the present embodiment, the top plate portion 21, the vertical wall portion 22, and the flange are formed by drawing the metal plate 1 with a press die. And the press-formed product 2 having a substantially hat-shaped cross section with the portion 23.

図３に示すように、プレス成形品２は、その長手方向に沿って、天板部２１の側（図の上側）へ凸状に湾曲した湾曲部２４を有する。湾曲部２４は、上記絞り加工により、ハット形状と共に形成される。湾曲部２４の内側部分、つまり、湾曲部２４におけるフランジ部２３の側は、絞り加工の際に部材が圧縮される圧縮側である。一方、湾曲部２４の外側部分、つまり、湾曲部２４における天板部２１の側は、部材が引き伸ばされる引っ張り側である。 As shown in FIG. 3, the press-formed product 2 has a curved portion 24 that is convexly curved toward the top plate portion 21 side (upper side in the drawing) along the longitudinal direction thereof. The curved portion 24 is formed together with the hat shape by the drawing process. The inner portion of the curved portion 24, that is, the flange portion 23 side of the curved portion 24 is the compression side on which the member is compressed during drawing. On the other hand, the outer side portion of the bending portion 24, that is, the side of the top plate portion 21 in the bending portion 24 is the pulling side on which the member is stretched.

湾曲部２４は、その高さが最も高くなる箇所、つまり、一点鎖線Ａを通る箇所で図の上方向への曲げ量が最大になり、フランジ部２３における圧縮応力も最大になる。本実施形態では、図４に示すように、フランジ部２３の圧縮応力が最大になる箇所の前後に切り欠き１１，１２を設ける。言い換えると、絞り加工前の金属板１に対して、プレス成形品２のフランジ部２３の湾曲部分において、一点鎖線Ａの前後部分に切り欠き１１，１２が配置されるように、金属板１のこの部分に相当する箇所に切り欠き１１，１２を設ける。 The bending portion 24 has the maximum amount of bending in the upward direction in the drawing at the position where the height is highest, that is, the position passing through the alternate long and short dash line A, and the compressive stress in the flange portion 23 is also the maximum. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the notches 11 and 12 are provided before and after the location where the compressive stress of the flange portion 23 is maximized. In other words, with respect to the metal plate 1 before the drawing process, in the curved portion of the flange portion 23 of the press-formed product 2, the notches 11 and 12 are arranged in the front and rear portions of the alternate long and short dash line A, respectively. The notches 11 and 12 are provided at the portions corresponding to this portion.

このように、絞り加工前に予め切り欠き１１，１２を設けることで、金属板１の該当箇所の剛性を小さくして曲げ成形しやすくすることができる。これにより、湾曲部２４成形時に、部材内に生じる圧縮応力を小さくし、湾曲部２４の外側で生じる引っ張り応力も小さくすることができる。従って、部材のネッキングや割れ等の成形不良を防止することができ、プレス成形品２の成形性を向上させることができる。 As described above, by providing the notches 11 and 12 in advance before the drawing process, it is possible to reduce the rigidity of the corresponding portion of the metal plate 1 and facilitate bending. This makes it possible to reduce the compressive stress generated in the member during the molding of the curved portion 24 and also the tensile stress generated outside the curved portion 24. Therefore, molding defects such as necking and cracking of members can be prevented, and the moldability of the press-molded product 2 can be improved.

切り欠き１１，１２の配置やその大きさは、湾曲部２４におけるフランジ部２３の剛性と圧縮応力の低減効果との両方を考慮して設定することが好ましい。つまり、上記のように、金属板１に切り欠き１１，１２を設けて湾曲成形時の圧縮応力を低減させることで、プレス成形品２の成形性を向上させることができるが、一方で、切り欠きを過大な範囲で設けてしまうと、フランジ部２３の剛性が小さくなりすぎて、湾曲成形によりフランジ部２３に座屈が生じ、プレス成形品２の成形性に悪影響を与えてしまう。 The arrangement and size of the notches 11 and 12 are preferably set in consideration of both the rigidity of the flange portion 23 in the curved portion 24 and the compression stress reducing effect. That is, as described above, by forming the notches 11 and 12 in the metal plate 1 to reduce the compressive stress at the time of bending, it is possible to improve the formability of the press-formed product 2, but on the other hand, If the notch is provided in an excessively large range, the rigidity of the flange portion 23 becomes too small, and the flange portion 23 is buckled due to the curved forming, which adversely affects the formability of the press-formed product 2.

例えば、圧縮応力を小さくすることだけを考慮すれば、切り欠きを、金属板１の圧縮応力が最大になる箇所｛図３の一点鎖線Ａに相当する箇所｝に設けたり、あるいは、図３の左右方向で、切り欠き１１から切り欠き１２の位置に亘る大きな一つの切り欠きを設けることもできるが、金属板の材質やプレス成形品２の形状等の各条件によっては、フランジ部２３の剛性が小さくなりすぎて、湾曲部２４内側で座屈を生じてしまう虞がある。 For example, if only reducing the compressive stress is taken into consideration, a notch may be provided at a location where the compressive stress of the metal plate 1 is maximized {a location corresponding to the one-dot chain line A in FIG. 3}, or in FIG. It is possible to provide one large notch extending from the notch 11 to the notch 12 in the left-right direction, but depending on the conditions such as the material of the metal plate and the shape of the press-formed product 2, the rigidity of the flange portion 23 may be increased. May become too small, and buckling may occur inside the curved portion 24.

そこで本実施形態では、フランジ部２３の剛性と天板部２１の側に生じる圧縮応力との両方を考慮して、圧縮応力が最大になる箇所の前後に切り欠き１１，１２を設けている。これにより、圧縮応力が大きくなる付近に切り欠き１１，１２を設けて、圧縮応力を効果的に低減すると共に、最も圧縮応力の大きくなる位置を避けることで、フランジ部２３の剛性を一定以上確保することができる。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, the notches 11 and 12 are provided before and after the location where the compressive stress is maximized, in consideration of both the rigidity of the flange portion 23 and the compressive stress generated on the top plate portion 21 side. As a result, the notches 11 and 12 are provided in the vicinity of an increase in the compressive stress to effectively reduce the compressive stress and avoid the position where the compressive stress becomes the largest, thereby ensuring the rigidity of the flange portion 23 to a certain level or more. can do.

以上のように、本実施形態では、プレス成形品２の湾曲成形時の圧縮応力を低減して、その作用として生じる引っ張り応力を低減し、引っ張り箇所における割れやネッキングを防止することができる。この際、圧縮箇所に切り欠き１１，１２を設けることで上記効果を得ることができ、引っ張り箇所そのものの形状を変更する等の必要がない。従って、引っ張り箇所である天板部２１や天板部２１側の縦壁部２２の部分が意匠面であり、その形状の変更が難しいような場合であったとしても、引っ張り応力を効果的に低減させることができる。 As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the compressive stress at the time of curve forming of the press-formed product 2, reduce the tensile stress generated as a result thereof, and prevent cracking or necking at the pulled portion. At this time, the above effect can be obtained by providing the notches 11 and 12 at the compression location, and it is not necessary to change the shape of the tension location itself. Therefore, even if the top plate portion 21 or the vertical wall portion 22 on the side of the top plate portion 21 that is the pulling portion is a design surface and it is difficult to change its shape, the pulling stress can be effectively reduced. Can be reduced.

さらに、湾曲成形時の圧縮応力を低減することで、成形後のプレス成形品２の長手方向のスプリングバックを抑制することができ、プレス成形品２の成形性を向上させることができる。また、圧縮応力の低減により、本実施形態のように高強度の高張力鋼板を用いた場合でも、金属板１を所望の形状に湾曲成形することが容易になる。 Furthermore, by reducing the compressive stress at the time of bending, it is possible to suppress springback in the longitudinal direction of the press-formed product 2 after forming, and improve the formability of the press-formed product 2. Further, by reducing the compressive stress, it becomes easy to curve-form the metal plate 1 into a desired shape even when using a high-strength high-tensile steel plate as in the present embodiment.

本実施形態では、長手方向の一方側に設けられる切り欠き１１が、他方側に設けられる切り欠き１２よりもその長さが大きく設定されている。このように、それぞれの切り欠き１１，１２は、部材内に生じる圧縮応力の大きさやその分布等に応じて、それぞれの長さや幅を適宜調整することができる。 In the present embodiment, the length of the notch 11 provided on one side in the longitudinal direction is set to be larger than the length of the notch 12 provided on the other side. As described above, the lengths and widths of the notches 11 and 12 can be appropriately adjusted according to the magnitude and distribution of the compressive stress generated in the member.

また本実施形態では、切り欠き１１，１２は、絞り加工のための成形金型に金属板１を設置する際の、位置決め部としての機能も兼ねている。 Further, in the present embodiment, the notches 11 and 12 also have a function as a positioning portion when the metal plate 1 is installed in the molding die for drawing.

絞り成形により成形されたプレス成形品２は、その後、トリミング工程等の複数の工程を経て、最終的な製品が成形される。そして、このトリミング工程により、フランジ部２３の切り欠き１１，１２が設けられる箇所も切断される。つまり、本実施形態では、切り欠き１１，１２は、最終的な製品形状に不要な箇所に設けられる。従って、製品形状に影響を与えることなく、湾曲成形時の圧縮応力を低減させ、前述した効果を得ることができる。 The press-formed product 2 formed by drawing is then subjected to a plurality of processes such as a trimming process to form a final product. The trimming step also cuts the portions of the flange 23 where the notches 11 and 12 are provided. That is, in the present embodiment, the notches 11 and 12 are provided at locations unnecessary for the final product shape. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the compressive stress at the time of bending and obtain the above-mentioned effects without affecting the product shape.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更を加え得ることは勿論である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

以上の実施形態の切り欠きの配置や大きさはその一例であり、切り欠き１１と切り欠き１２のいずれか一方のみ、つまり、圧縮応力が最大になる箇所の一方側にのみ切り欠きを設けることもできるし、フランジ部２３の剛性が確保できれば、圧縮応力が最大になる箇所に切り欠きを設けたり、切り欠き１１から切り欠き１２の位置に亘る大きな切り欠きを設けることもできる。 The arrangement and size of the cutouts in the above embodiments are examples, and only one of the cutout 11 and the cutout 12, that is, the cutout is provided only on one side where the compressive stress is maximum. If the rigidity of the flange portion 23 can be ensured, a notch can be provided at a position where the compressive stress is maximum, or a large notch extending from the notch 11 to the notch 12 can be provided.

以上の実施形態では、切り欠き１１，１２を設けたフランジ部２３の箇所を後工程で切断し、最終製品には切り欠き１１，１２が残らないものとしたが、これに限らず、切り欠き１１，１２がプレス成形品２の機能面や意匠性に悪影響を与えない場合には、切り欠き１１，１２を最終形状として残すこともできる。また、本実施形態のように、プレス成形品２は、最終的な製品を得る途中の中間成形品であってもよいし、最終製品であってもよい。 In the above embodiment, the flange portion 23 provided with the notches 11 and 12 is cut in a post process so that the notches 11 and 12 do not remain in the final product. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The cutouts 11 and 12 may be left as the final shape if the functional shapes and design of the press-formed product 2 are not adversely affected. Further, as in the present embodiment, the press-molded product 2 may be an intermediate molded product in the process of obtaining a final product or may be a final product.

以上の実施形態では、ワークとして高強度の高張力鋼板を例示したが、軟鋼材であってもよい。 In the above embodiments, a high-strength, high-strength steel plate is exemplified as the work, but a mild steel material may be used.

１ 金属板（ワーク）
２ プレス成形品
１１ 切り欠き
１２ 切り欠き
２１ 天板部
２２ 縦壁部
２３ フランジ部
２４ 湾曲部 1 Metal plate (work)
2 Press-formed product 11 Notch 12 Notch 21 Top plate part 22 Vertical wall part 23 Flange part 24 Curved part

Claims (2)

平板状のワークをプレス成形することにより、天板部と縦壁部とフランジ部とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有し、長手方向に沿って、前記天板部側へ凸状に湾曲した長尺のプレス成形品を成形するプレス成形方法であって、
前記ワークの、前記プレス成形品における前記フランジ部の湾曲部分に相当する箇所に切り欠きを設ける工程と、
前記ワークをプレス成形して、前記プレス成形品を成形する工程とを含むことを特徴とするプレス成形方法。 By pressing a flat plate-shaped work, it has a substantially hat-shaped cross section having a top plate portion, a vertical wall portion, and a flange portion, and along the longitudinal direction, in a convex shape to the top plate portion side. A press molding method for forming a curved long press-formed product,
In the work, a step of providing a notch in a portion corresponding to the curved portion of the flange portion in the press-formed product,
And a step of forming the press-formed product by press-forming the work. 天板部と縦壁部とフランジ部とを備えた略ハット状の横断面を有し、長手方向に沿って、前記天板部側へ凸状に湾曲した長尺のプレス成形品であって、
前記フランジ部の湾曲部分に切り欠きを有することを特徴とするプレス成形品。 A long press-formed product having a substantially hat-shaped cross section including a top plate portion, a vertical wall portion, and a flange portion, and along the longitudinal direction, which is convexly curved toward the top plate portion. ,
A press-formed product having a notch in a curved portion of the flange portion.
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