JP2020019924A - Carbon nanotube dispersion and use of the same - Google Patents
Carbon nanotube dispersion and use of the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020019924A JP2020019924A JP2019028254A JP2019028254A JP2020019924A JP 2020019924 A JP2020019924 A JP 2020019924A JP 2019028254 A JP2019028254 A JP 2019028254A JP 2019028254 A JP2019028254 A JP 2019028254A JP 2020019924 A JP2020019924 A JP 2020019924A
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- carbon nanotube
- dispersion
- resin
- carbon
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- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AIUAMYPYEUQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium Chemical class C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C=C AIUAMYPYEUQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、バインダーへの相溶性、貯蔵安定性、透明性、導電性に優れたカーボンナノチューブが分散されたカーボンナノチューブ分散液、カーボンナノチューブ塗料に関する。 The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid in which carbon nanotubes excellent in compatibility with a binder, storage stability, transparency, and conductivity are dispersed, and a carbon nanotube paint.
近年、カーボンナノチューブを含有する材料を用いて、帯電防止性、導電性、熱伝導性および電磁波シールド性等の機能を有する材料の開発が盛んに行われている。例えば、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリエーテル又はポリイミド等のポリマー、あるいはガラスやセラミックス材料等の無機材料などをマトリックスとして用いて、これらのマトリックス中にカーボンナノチューブを分散させることによって、帯電防止、導電性、熱伝導性および電磁波シールド性等の機能を有する複合材およびこの複合材を積層した積層体に関する検討が数多く行われている。 In recent years, using materials containing carbon nanotubes, materials having functions such as antistatic properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and electromagnetic wave shielding properties have been actively developed. For example, by using a polymer such as polyamide, polyester, polyether or polyimide, or an inorganic material such as glass or ceramic material as a matrix, and dispersing carbon nanotubes in these matrices, antistatic, conductive, heat Many studies have been made on composite materials having functions such as conductivity and electromagnetic wave shielding properties, and on laminates obtained by laminating the composite materials.
カーボンナノチューブには、１つのグラフェン層からなる単層ナノチューブや複数のグラフェン層から構成される多層ナノチューブなどがあるが、アスペクト比が極めて大きく、極めて直径が小さいという構造上の特性を活かし、且つ透明性と導電性、その他の物性を発現させるためには極めて高いレベルで分散、究極的には単分散させる必要がある。特に複合材を他の素材上へ積層する場合には、他の素材の光学特性などへの影響が及ばないように複合材内のカーボンナノチューブは必要最小限の量を高いレベルで分散させる必要がある。 Carbon nanotubes include single-walled nanotubes composed of a single graphene layer and multi-walled nanotubes composed of multiple graphene layers. The carbon nanotubes have an extremely large aspect ratio and a very small diameter, making use of their structural characteristics and being transparent. In order to develop properties, conductivity, and other physical properties, it is necessary to disperse at an extremely high level, and ultimately, monodisperse. In particular, when laminating a composite material on another material, it is necessary to disperse the necessary minimum amount of carbon nanotubes in the composite material at a high level so as not to affect the optical properties of other materials. is there.
またコーティングによってカーボンナノチューブの特性を活かすためには基板上に分散されたカーボンナノチューブのネットワーク構造を形成させる必要がある。これによりカーボンナノチューブの使用量が極めて少ない場合でも高い透明性と導電性を発現させることが可能であると期待されている。 In order to utilize the properties of carbon nanotubes by coating, it is necessary to form a network structure of carbon nanotubes dispersed on a substrate. Accordingly, it is expected that high transparency and conductivity can be exhibited even when the usage amount of the carbon nanotube is extremely small.
これまでもカーボンナノチューブを用いた導電層をフィルム上に塗布する等の方法で導電性フィルムを作製する方法が公知となっている。しかし、これらの公知技術、例えば、特許文献１では所望の導電性を付与させるために塗膜厚が極端に厚くなるため、導電性基板として透明性を無視したものになっている。また、特許文献２では導電層内のカーボンナノチューブの導電性を維持させるために、共役重合体系の導電性高分子をバインダー樹脂として用いているが、本来カーボンナノチューブが有している導電特性が活かされておらず、導電性フィルムとしては極めて抵抗値が高くなってしまっている。特許文献３では、カーボンナノチューブの導電特性を発揮させるため導電性フィルムの製造工程が複雑になってしまい、生産性や経済性に問題がある。特許文献４でも、導電層と基材の接着性を向上させるためにカーボンナノチューブを塗布後、その上にバインダー樹脂をオーバーコートしており、特許文献３と同様に生産性や経済性に問題がある。またここに示した４つの特許文献では溶媒として有機溶剤を使用していることから、環境負荷の点でも最適とは言えない。 Heretofore, a method of producing a conductive film by a method such as applying a conductive layer using carbon nanotubes on a film has been known. However, in these known techniques, for example, Patent Document 1, the thickness of the coating film is extremely large in order to impart desired conductivity, and thus the transparency is ignored as the conductive substrate. In Patent Document 2, a conductive polymer of a conjugated polymer system is used as a binder resin in order to maintain the conductivity of the carbon nanotubes in the conductive layer. However, the resistance is extremely high as a conductive film. In Patent Literature 3, the production process of the conductive film is complicated in order to exhibit the conductive properties of the carbon nanotube, and there is a problem in productivity and economy. Also in Patent Document 4, a carbon nanotube is applied to improve the adhesion between the conductive layer and the base material, and then a binder resin is overcoated thereon. As in Patent Document 3, there is a problem in productivity and economic efficiency. is there. Further, in the four patent documents shown here, since an organic solvent is used as a solvent, it cannot be said that it is optimal in terms of environmental load.
これまでの従来技術でもカーボンナノチューブが分散された積層体を作製するためにはマトリックスや樹脂の中にカーボンナノチューブを分散させていた。しかし、必ずしもカーボンナノチューブの分散状態は良好ではなく、また従来のコーティングによる積層では、バインダー樹脂がカーボンナノチューブの導電性を阻害したり、塗料化の工程や乾燥工程でカーボンナノチューブが凝集を起こすなどカーボンナノチューブの本来の特性を発現させることが困難であった。 Even in the prior art, carbon nanotubes are dispersed in a matrix or a resin in order to produce a laminate in which carbon nanotubes are dispersed. However, the dispersion state of the carbon nanotubes is not always good, and in the case of lamination by conventional coating, the binder resin inhibits the conductivity of the carbon nanotubes and causes carbon nanotubes to aggregate in a coating process and a drying process, for example. It was difficult to develop the original properties of nanotubes.
本発明の目的は、このような従来技術の欠点を改良し、バインダーへの相溶性、貯蔵安定性、透明性、導電性に優れたカーボンナノチューブが分散されたカーボンナノチューブ分散液、カーボンナノチューブ塗料、カーボンナノチューブ塗膜を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the prior art, to improve the compatibility with the binder, storage stability, transparency, and a carbon nanotube dispersion in which carbon nanotubes excellent in conductivity are dispersed, a carbon nanotube paint, An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon nanotube coating film.
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するため鋭意検討を行った結果、カーボンナノチューブを溶媒に分散させる際に、分散剤として水溶性樹脂を使用すること、更に分散剤使用量とカーボンナノチューブ量の間に、導電性に大きく寄与する臨界的範囲があることを見出した。またこれらが一定の範囲内であり、所定のカーボンナノチューブを使用した場合に貯蔵安定性、相溶性が良好なカーボンナノチューブ分散液、透明性、導電性に優れたカーボンナノチューブ塗料を製造できることを見出し、本発明の完成に至った。 The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, when dispersing carbon nanotubes in a solvent, using a water-soluble resin as a dispersant, furthermore, the amount of dispersant used and the amount of carbon nanotubes It has been found that there is a critical range between them that greatly contributes to conductivity. Further, they are within a certain range, and when using a predetermined carbon nanotube, it has been found that a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid having good storage stability and compatibility, good transparency, and excellent conductivity can be produced. The present invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明は、下記（１）〜（４）を満たすことを特徴とするカーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。
下記（１）〜（４）を満たすことを特徴とするカーボンナノチューブ分散液。
（１）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）と、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）と、水とを含有すること。
（２）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、単層であり、透過型電子顕微鏡における画像解析における平均外径が０．５〜５ｎｍであり、比表面積が４００〜８００ｍ２／ｇであること。
（３）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の炭素成分１００質量部に対して、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）を４００質量部以上、２０００質量部以下含有すること。
（４）カーボンナノチューブ分散液のレーザー回折式粒度分布測定によって算出される５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０径）が１．５〜４０μｍであること。
That is, the present invention relates to a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid characterized by satisfying the following (1) to (4).
A carbon nanotube dispersion liquid satisfying the following (1) to (4).
(1) It contains a carbon nanotube (A), a water-soluble dispersion resin (B), and water.
(2) The carbon nanotube (A) is a single layer, has an average outer diameter of 0.5 to 5 nm in image analysis with a transmission electron microscope, and has a specific surface area of 400 to 800 m 2 / g.
(3) The water-soluble resin (B) is contained in an amount of 400 parts by mass or more and 2000 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the carbon component of the carbon nanotube (A).
(4) The 50% particle diameter (D50 diameter) of the carbon nanotube dispersion calculated by laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement is 1.5 to 40 μm.
また、本発明は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定によって算出される５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）が５００〜１３００μｍであることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, wherein the carbon nanotube (A) has a 50% particle diameter (D50) of 500 to 1300 μm calculated by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement.
また、本発明は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）が、透過型電子顕微鏡による画像解析によって測定される、分散後の平均長さが２〜１０μｍであることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 Further, the present invention relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, wherein the carbon nanotube (A) has an average length after dispersion, measured by image analysis with a transmission electron microscope, of 2 to 10 μm.
また、本発明は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）が、炭素成分が７０〜９０％であることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion, wherein the carbon nanotube (A) has a carbon component of 70 to 90%.
また、本発明は、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）が、スチレン−アクリル構造を有し、酸価が１０〜２５０ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇであることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion, wherein the water-soluble dispersion resin (B) has a styrene-acryl structure and has an acid value of 10 to 250 mgKOH / g.
また、本発明は、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）が、酸価が１０〜１００ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇであることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion, wherein the water-soluble dispersion resin (B) has an acid value of 10 to 100 mgKOH / g.
また、本発明は、界面活性剤を含むことを特徴とする、前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 Further, the present invention relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid containing a surfactant.
また、本発明は、分散液の粘度が８０００〜３００００ｍＰａ・ｓであることを特徴とする、前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion, wherein the dispersion has a viscosity of 8,000 to 30,000 mPa · s.
また、本発明は、分散液中のカーボンナノチューブ濃度が０．１〜１％であることを特徴とする、前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 The present invention also relates to the carbon nanotube dispersion, wherein the carbon nanotube concentration in the dispersion is 0.1 to 1%.
また、本発明は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、分散後の平均長さをＡ、分散前の平均長さをＢとしたときのＡ／Ｂが０．３以上であることを特徴とする前記カーボンナノチューブ分散液に関する。 Further, the present invention is characterized in that the carbon nanotube (A) has an A / B of 0.3 or more when the average length after dispersion is A and the average length before dispersion is B. The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid.
本発明の好ましい実施態様によれば、相溶性、貯蔵安定性に優れたカーボンナノチューブ分散液を提供することができる。さらに、透明性、導電性に優れたカーボンナノチューブ塗料およびカーボンナノチューブ塗膜を提供することができる。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid having excellent compatibility and storage stability can be provided. Furthermore, a carbon nanotube paint and a carbon nanotube coating film having excellent transparency and conductivity can be provided.
本発明におけるカーボンナノチューブ分散液は、水を主成分とする液媒体中にカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）を分散してなる液体であり、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）及び、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）と水とを含有することを特徴とする。さらに、カーボンナノチューブ塗料は、カーボンナノチューブ分散液とバインダー樹脂（Ｃ）とを含み、カーボンナノチューブ塗膜はカーボンナノチューブ塗料を製膜化してなることを特徴とする。以下にその詳細を説明する。 The carbon nanotube dispersion liquid in the present invention is a liquid obtained by dispersing carbon nanotubes (A) in a liquid medium containing water as a main component, and comprises a carbon nanotube (A), a water-soluble dispersion resin (B), and water. It is characterized by containing. Further, the carbon nanotube paint contains a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and a binder resin (C), and the carbon nanotube coating film is formed by forming the carbon nanotube paint into a film. The details will be described below.
＜カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）＞
本発明に用いるカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、単層カーボンナノチューブである。単層カーボンナノチューブは、平面的なグラファイトを円筒状に巻いた形状を有しており、一層のグラファイトが巻かれた構造を有する。
<Carbon nanotube (A)>
The carbon nanotube (A) used in the present invention is a single-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a shape in which planar graphite is wound into a cylindrical shape, and has a structure in which one layer of graphite is wound.
本実施形態のカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の平均外径は０．５〜５ｎｍであり、１〜３ｎｍであることが好ましく、１〜２ｎｍであることがより好ましい。カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の平均外径は、透過型電子顕微鏡（日本電子社製）によって、カーボンナノチューブの形態観察を行い、１００本の短軸の長さを計測し、その数平均値をもってカーボンナノチューブ平均外径（ｎｍ）とした。 The average outer diameter of the carbon nanotube (A) of the present embodiment is 0.5 to 5 nm, preferably 1 to 3 nm, and more preferably 1 to 2 nm. The average outer diameter of the carbon nanotube (A) is determined by observing the morphology of the carbon nanotube with a transmission electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), measuring the length of 100 short axes, and calculating the number average value of the number of carbon nanotubes. The average outer diameter (nm) was used.
カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の比表面積は、４００〜８００ｍ２／ｇである。好ましくは４００〜６００ｍ２／ｇである。比表面積が４００ｍ２／ｇより小さいと、塗膜中でカーボンナノチューブのネットワークがうまく形成されず導電性が低下し、比表面積が７００ｍ２／ｇより大きくなると分散工程においてカーボンナノチューブを解すための必要なエネルギーが大きくなり、カーボンナノチューブの構造破壊も大きく進行してしまうため導電性が低下し好ましくない。 The specific surface area of the carbon nanotube (A) is 400 to 800 m 2 / g. Preferably it is 400-600 m < 2 > / g. When the specific surface area is less than 400 m 2 / g, a network of carbon nanotubes is not formed well in the coating film and the conductivity is reduced. When the specific surface area is more than 700 m 2 / g, it is necessary to dissolve the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion step. Energy is increased, and the structural destruction of the carbon nanotubes also progresses greatly.
カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の炭素成分は７０〜９０％であることが好ましく、８０〜９０％であることがより好ましい。カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は触媒成分を含む場合があり、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）から触媒成分を引いた値を炭素成分と表記する。炭素成分の値は式（１）に従い、空気中９００℃の存在下で５時間焼成した後の灰分を測定することで算出した。
カーボンナノチューブの炭素成分（％） ＝
（１−（焼成後の灰分重量（ｇ）／焼成前のカーボンナノチューブ重量（ｇ）））×１００
・・・・式（１）
炭素成分が７０〜９０％の範囲であれば、カーボンナノチューブの凝集力が弱く水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）の吸着が容易に進み、貯蔵安定性、導電性に優れたカーボンナノチューブ分散体が得られる。
The carbon component of the carbon nanotube (A) is preferably from 70 to 90%, more preferably from 80 to 90%. The carbon nanotube (A) may include a catalyst component, and a value obtained by subtracting the catalyst component from the carbon nanotube (A) is referred to as a carbon component. The value of the carbon component was calculated by measuring the ash content after calcining for 5 hours in the presence of 900 ° C. in air according to the formula (1).
Carbon component of carbon nanotube (%) =
(1− (weight of ash after firing (g) / weight of carbon nanotube before firing (g))) × 100
.... Formula (1)
When the carbon component is in the range of 70 to 90%, the cohesive force of the carbon nanotubes is weak and the adsorption of the water-soluble resin (B) easily proceeds, so that a carbon nanotube dispersion excellent in storage stability and conductivity can be obtained.
カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定によって算出される５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）は５００〜１３００μｍであることが好ましく、より好ましくは８００〜１２００μｍであり、更に好ましくは９００〜１１００μｍである。
なお、本明細書において５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）とは、特に記載がない限りレーザー回折式粒度分布測定によって算出された値を示す。
The carbon nanotube (A) preferably has a 50% particle diameter (D50) calculated by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measurement of 500 to 1300 μm, more preferably 800 to 1200 μm, and still more preferably 900 to 1100 μm. is there.
In addition, in this specification, 50% particle diameter (D50) shows the value calculated by the laser diffraction type particle size distribution measurement unless there is particular description.
このようなカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）としては、例えば、単層カーボンナノチューブとして、日本ゼオン社製ＺＥＯＮＡＮＯ ＳＧ１０１（外径：３〜５ｎｍ）、ＯＣＳｉＡｌ社製 ＴＵＢＡＬＬ（８０％）（外径：１〜２ｎｍ）等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。 Examples of such carbon nanotubes (A) include, as single-walled carbon nanotubes, ZEONANO SG101 (external diameter: 3 to 5 nm) manufactured by Zeon Corporation, TUBALL (80%) (external diameter: 1 to 2 nm) manufactured by OCSiAl Corporation. And the like, but are not limited thereto.
＜水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）＞
水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）は、カーボンナノチューブに対して、分散工程における濡れを促進させ、分散安定化に寄与する分散剤として機能する水溶性の樹脂を表す。水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）は特に限定されないが、好適な例として以下の化合物が例示できる。
<Water-soluble dispersion resin (B)>
The water-soluble dispersion resin (B) represents a water-soluble resin that functions as a dispersant that promotes wetting of carbon nanotubes in a dispersion step and contributes to dispersion stabilization. The water-soluble dispersion resin (B) is not particularly limited, but preferred examples include the following compounds.
水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）としては、例えば、アルギン酸類、ポリビニルアルコール、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、アラビアゴム等の水溶性高分子化合物；スチレン−アクリル酸樹脂、スチレン−メタクリル酸樹脂、スチレン−アクリル酸−アクリル酸エステル樹脂、スチレン−マレイン酸樹脂、スチレン−マレイン酸エステル樹脂、メタクリル酸−メタクリル酸エステル樹脂、アクリル酸−アクリル酸エステル樹脂、イソブチレン−マレイン酸樹脂、ビニル−エステル樹脂、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂等のエチレン性二重結合含有樹脂；ポリアリルアミン、ポリビニルアミン、ポリエチレンイミン等のアミン系樹脂；等が挙げられる。 Examples of the water-soluble dispersion resin (B) include water-soluble polymer compounds such as alginic acids, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and gum arabic; styrene-acrylic acid resins, styrene -Methacrylic acid resin, styrene-acrylic acid-acrylate resin, styrene-maleic acid resin, styrene-maleic acid ester resin, methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid ester resin, acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester resin, isobutylene-maleic acid resin, Ethylenic double bond-containing resins such as vinyl-ester resins and rosin-modified maleic acid resins; amine-based resins such as polyallylamine, polyvinylamine and polyethyleneimine;
水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）として使用できる市販の樹脂型分散剤としては、ビックケミー社製のＤｉｓｐｅｒｂｙｋ−１８０、１８３、１８４、１８７、１９０、１９１、１９２、１９３、１９４、２０１０、２０１３、２０１５、２０９０、２０９１、２０９５、２０９６等；日本ルーブリゾール社製のＳＯＬＳＰＥＲＳＥ−２００００、２７０００、４１０００、４１０９０、４３０００、４４０００、４６０００、４７０００、５３０９５、５４０００等；ＢＡＳＦジャパン社製のＤｉｓｐｅｘ ＡＡ４０３０、ＡＡ４０４０、ＡＡ４１４０、ＣＸ４２３０、ＣＸ４２３１、ＣＸ４２３４、ＣＸ４２４０、ＣＸ４３２０、Ｄｉｓｐｅｘ Ｕｌｔｒａ ＦＡ４４０４、ＦＡ４４１６、ＦＡ４４２５、ＦＡ４４３１、ＦＡ４４３７、ＦＡ４４８０、ＦＡ４４８０、ＦＡ４４８３、ＰＡ４５５０、ＰＡ４５６０、ＰＡ４５７５、ＰＡ４５８５等；Ｊｏｎｃｒｙｌ ＨＰＤ−１９６、ＨＰＤ−９６Ｊ、ＰＤＸ−６１３７Ａ、６３Ｊ、６０Ｊ、７０Ｊ、ＪＤＸ−６６３９、ＪＤＸ−６５００、ＰＤＸ−６１０２Ｂ等；味の素ファインテクノ社製のアジスパーＰＡ１１１、ＰＢ７１１、ＰＢ８２１、ＰＢ８２２、ＰＢ８２４等が挙げられる。 Commercially available resin-type dispersants usable as the water-soluble dispersing resin (B) include Disperbyk-180, 183, 184, 187, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2090 manufactured by Big Chemie. SOLSPERSE-20000, 27000, 41000, 41090, 43000, 44000, 46000, 47000, 53095, 54000, etc., manufactured by Lubrizol Japan; Dispex AA4030, AA4040, AA4140, CX4230, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. , CX4231, CX4234, CX4240, CX4320, Dispex Ultra FA4404, FA4416, FA4425, FA4431, FA4437, FA4480 FA4480, FA4483, PA4550, PA4560, PA4575, PA4585, etc .; Joncryl HPD-196, HPD-96J, PDX-6137A, 63J, 60J, 70J, JDX-6639, JDX-6500, PDX-6102B, etc .; manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine-Techno Azispar PA111, PB711, PB821, PB822, PB824 and the like.
水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）は、後述するバインダー樹脂（Ｃ）への相溶性や、塗料の高い全光線透過率や導電性を示すという理由から、イオン性であることが好ましく、ポリアクリル酸系のような酸性官能基を有する樹脂であることがより好ましく、スチレン構造を有することが好ましく、スチレン−アクリル構造を有することが更に好ましい。また、酸価を有することが好ましく、固形分酸価が１０〜２５０ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇであることがより好ましく、１０〜１００ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇであることがより好ましい。上記範囲内であると、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）との相互作用により分散安定性が優れるためである。また、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）は、アミン価を有してもよい。 The water-soluble dispersing resin (B) is preferably ionic, because it is compatible with the binder resin (C) described later and exhibits high total light transmittance and conductivity of the coating material. It is more preferable that the resin has an acidic functional group as described above, that it has a styrene structure, and that it has a styrene-acryl structure. Further, it preferably has an acid value, more preferably 10 to 250 mg KOH / g, more preferably 10 to 100 mg KOH / g. This is because when the content is within the above range, the dispersion stability is excellent due to the interaction with the carbon nanotube (A). Further, the water-soluble dispersion resin (B) may have an amine value.
水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）の好ましい形態としては、スチレン−アクリル構造を有し、かつ酸価が１０〜２５０ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇである樹脂が挙げられる。また、他の好ましい形態としては、酸価が１０〜１００ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇである樹脂が挙げられる。 Preferred examples of the water-soluble resin (B) include resins having a styrene-acryl structure and an acid value of 10 to 250 mgKOH / g. Another preferred embodiment is a resin having an acid value of 10 to 100 mgKOH / g.
ここで、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）の固形分酸価は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ００７０の電位差滴定法に準拠し、測定した酸価（ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇ）を固形分換算した値である。 Here, the solid content acid value of the water-soluble resin (B) is a value obtained by converting the measured acid value (mg KOH / g) into solid content in accordance with the potentiometric titration method of JIS K0070.
また、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）の固形分アミン価は、ＡＳＴＭ Ｄ ２０７４の方法に準拠し、測定した全アミン価（ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇ）を固形分換算した値である。 The solid content amine value of the water-soluble resin (B) is a value obtained by converting the measured total amine value (mg KOH / g) into a solid content in accordance with the method of ASTM D 2074.
また、カーボンナノチューブ分散液は、分散液中に界面活性剤を含んでもよい。イオン性界面活性剤としては、陽イオン性界面活性剤、両イオン性界面活性剤および陰イオン性界面活性剤が挙げられる。陽イオン性界面活性剤としては、アルキルアミン塩、第四級アンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。両イオン性界面活性剤としては、アルキルベタイン系界面活性剤、アミンオキサイド系界面活性剤が挙げられる。陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸等のアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ドデシルフェニルエーテルスルホン酸塩等の芳香族スルホン酸系界面活性剤、モノソープ系アニオン性界面活性剤、エーテルサルフェート系界面活性剤、フォスフェート系界面活性剤およびカルボン酸系界面活性剤などが挙げられる。中でも、分散能、分散安定能、高濃度化に優れることから、芳香環を含むもの、すなわち芳香族系イオン性界面活性剤が好ましく、特にアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ドデシルフェニルエーテルスルホン酸塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸塩等の芳香族系イオン性界面活性剤が好ましい。 Further, the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid may include a surfactant in the dispersion liquid. Ionic surfactants include cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and anionic surfactants. Examples of the cationic surfactant include an alkylamine salt and a quaternary ammonium salt. Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include an alkyl betaine surfactant and an amine oxide surfactant. Examples of anionic surfactants include alkyl benzene sulfonic acid salts such as dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, aromatic sulfonic acid type surfactants such as dodecyl phenyl ether sulfonic acid salt, monosoap type anionic surfactants, and ether sulfate type surfactants. Surfactants, phosphate surfactants and carboxylic acid surfactants. Among them, those containing an aromatic ring, that is, aromatic ionic surfactants are preferable because of their excellent dispersing ability, dispersion stabilizing ability, and high concentration, and particularly, alkylbenzene sulfonates, dodecylphenyl ether sulfonates, and naphthalene sulfones are preferred. Aromatic ionic surfactants such as acid salts are preferred.
非イオン性界面活性剤の例としては、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルなどの糖エステル系界面活性剤、ポリオキシエチレン樹脂酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸ジエチルなどの脂肪酸エステル系界面活性剤、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン・ポリプロピレングリコールなどのエーテル系界面活性剤、ポリオキシアルキレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキルジブチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキルスチリルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキルベンジルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキルビスフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキルクミルフェニルエーテル等の芳香族系非イオン性界面活性剤があげられる。上記において、アルキルとは炭素数が１−２０から選択されるアルキルであって良い。
界面活性剤は、分散能、分散安定能、高濃度化に優れることから、非イオン性界面活性剤が好ましく、特に芳香族系非イオン性界面活性剤であるポリオキシエチレンフェニルエーテルが好ましい。
Examples of nonionic surfactants include sugar ester-based surfactants such as sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, and fatty acid ester-based surfactants such as polyoxyethylene resin acid ester and polyoxyethylene fatty acid diethyl. , Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, ether surfactants such as polyoxyethylene / polypropylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyalkylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyalkyl dibutyl phenyl ether, poly Oxyalkylstyrylphenylether, polyoxyalkylbenzylphenylether, polyoxyalkylbisphenylether, polyoxyalkylphenol Aromatic anionic surfactants such as phenyl ether and the like. In the above, the alkyl may be an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
The surfactant is preferably a nonionic surfactant because of its excellent dispersing ability, dispersion stabilizing ability, and high concentration, and particularly preferably polyoxyethylene phenyl ether, which is an aromatic nonionic surfactant.
＜カーボンナノチューブ分散液の作製＞
本発明の分散液は、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）を分散剤として、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）を水中に分散したものである。この場合、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）とカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）を同時、または順次添加し、混合することで、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）をカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）に作用（吸着）させつつ分散する。但し、カーボンナノチューブ分散液の製造をより容易に行うためには、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）を水中に溶解、膨潤、または分散させ、その後、液中にカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）を添加し、混合することで水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）をカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）に作用（吸着）させることが、より好ましい。
<Preparation of carbon nanotube dispersion>
The dispersion of the present invention is obtained by dispersing carbon nanotubes (A) in water using a water-soluble resin (B) as a dispersant. In this case, the water-soluble resin (B) and the carbon nanotube (A) are added simultaneously or sequentially and mixed, so that the water-soluble resin (B) is dispersed while acting (adsorbing) on the carbon nanotube (A). However, in order to easily produce the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, the water-soluble resin (B) is dissolved, swelled or dispersed in water, and then the carbon nanotube (A) is added to the liquid and mixed. It is more preferable that the water-soluble resin (B) acts (adsorbs) on the carbon nanotube (A).
分散装置としては、顔料分散等に通常用いられている分散機を使用することができる。例えば、ディスパー、ホモミキサー、プラネタリーミキサー等のミキサー類、ホモジナイザー（エム・テクニック社製「クレアミックス」、ＰＲＩＭＩＸ社「フィルミックス」等、シルバーソン社製「アブラミックス」等）類、ペイントコンディショナー（レッドデビル社製）、コロイドミル（ＰＵＣ社製「ＰＵＣコロイドミル」、ＩＫＡ社製「コロイドミルＭＫ」）類、コーンミル（ＩＫＡ社製「コーンミルＭＫＯ」等）、ボールミル、サンドミル（シンマルエンタープライゼス社製「ダイノミル」等）、アトライター、パールミル（アイリッヒ社製「ＤＣＰミル」等）、コボールミル等のメディア型分散機、湿式ジェットミル（ジーナス社製「ジーナスＰＹ」、スギノマシン社製「スターバースト」、ナノマイザー社製「ナノマイザー」等）、エム・テクニック社製「クレアＳＳ−５」、奈良機械社製「ＭＩＣＲＯＳ」等のメディアレス分散機、その他ロールミル等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。 As the dispersing device, a dispersing device usually used for pigment dispersion or the like can be used. For example, mixers such as disperser, homomixer, and planetary mixer, homogenizers (such as "Clearmix" manufactured by M Technique, Inc., "Fillmix" manufactured by PRIMIX, and "Abramix" manufactured by Silverson), paint conditioners ( Red Devil Co., Ltd., colloid mills ("PUC colloid mill" manufactured by PUC, "colloid mill MK" manufactured by IKA), cone mills ("corn mill MKO" manufactured by IKA, etc.), ball mills, sand mills (Shinmaru Enterprises Co., Ltd.) "Dino Mill", etc.), Attritor, Pearl Mill (e.g., "DCP Mill", etc.), Media Type Disperser such as Koball Mill, Wet Jet Mill ("Genus PY", manufactured by Genus, "Starburst", manufactured by Sugino Machine) , Nanomizer manufactured by Nanomizer ), M Technique Co., Ltd. "Claire SS-5", Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. "MICROS" media-less dispersing machine such as, but other roll mill, and the like, but is not limited to these.
水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の炭素成分１００質量部に対して４００質量部以上２０００質量以下使用し、さらには８００質量部〜１２００質量部が好ましい。４００質量部未満ではバインダー（Ｃ）への相溶性が著しく低下し、２０００質量部を超えると、導電性が著しく低下する。 The water-soluble resin (B) is used in an amount of 400 parts by mass or more and 2000 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the carbon component of the carbon nanotube (A), and more preferably 800 parts by mass to 1200 parts by mass. If the amount is less than 400 parts by mass, the compatibility with the binder (C) is significantly reduced, and if it is more than 2,000 parts by mass, the conductivity is significantly reduced.
カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の分散後の５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）は１．５〜４０μｍであり、好ましくは４〜４０μｍ、より好ましくは４〜３０μｍ、さらに好ましくは４〜２０μｍである。一般的には、Ｄ５０が小さいほど分散性が高く、さらにはカーボンナノチューブを孤立分散させた方がよいとされるが、導電性と透明性の観点からは上記範囲で分散することが好ましい。Ｄ５０が１．５μｍより小さくなると、また４０μｍより大きくなると導電性、透明性が低下するため好ましくない。 The 50% particle diameter (D50) of the carbon nanotube (A) after dispersion is 1.5 to 40 μm, preferably 4 to 40 μm, more preferably 4 to 30 μm, and still more preferably 4 to 20 μm. In general, it is said that the smaller the D50, the higher the dispersibility, and the better it is to disperse the carbon nanotubes in isolation. However, from the viewpoint of conductivity and transparency, it is preferable to disperse in the above range. If D50 is smaller than 1.5 μm, or larger than 40 μm, the conductivity and transparency are undesirably reduced.
このような比率で配合することにより、本発明が解決しようとする課題である貯蔵安定性、バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）への相溶性に優れたカーボンナノチューブ分散液を得ることが容易となる。 By blending in such a ratio, it becomes easy to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion having excellent storage stability and compatibility with the binder resin (C), which are the problems to be solved by the present invention.
さらには本発明のカーボンナノチューブ分散液の製造方法において、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）のある一定の平均長さを保つことが重要となる。具体的には、カーボンナノチューブ分散液中における、分散後の平均長さは２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下であることが好ましく、５μｍ以上１０μｍ以下であることがより好ましい。平均長さが２μｍ未満であると導電性が著しく低下し、１０μｍを超えると、バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）への相溶性が低下する。尚、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の平均長さは、透過型電子顕微鏡（日本電子社製）によって、カーボンナノチューブの形態観察を行い、１００本の長軸の長さを計測し、その数平均値をもってカーボンナノチューブ平均長さ（μｍ）とした。 Further, in the method for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid of the present invention, it is important to keep a certain average length of the carbon nanotube (A). Specifically, the average length after dispersion in the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is preferably 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or more and 10 μm or less. If the average length is less than 2 μm, the conductivity will be significantly reduced, and if it exceeds 10 μm, the compatibility with the binder resin (C) will be reduced. The average length of the carbon nanotube (A) is determined by observing the morphology of the carbon nanotube with a transmission electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), measuring the length of the long axis of 100 carbon nanotubes, and calculating the number average value. The average length of the carbon nanotubes (μm) was used.
さらには、分散後のカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の平均長さをＡ、分散前の平均長さをＢとすると、Ａ／Ｂが０．３以上であることが好ましい。０．３未満になると、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の長さが変化するだけではなく、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）表面のグラフェン構造の欠陥も増加し、導電性が著しく低下する。 Furthermore, if the average length of the carbon nanotubes (A) after dispersion is A and the average length before dispersion is B, A / B is preferably 0.3 or more. If it is less than 0.3, not only does the length of the carbon nanotube (A) change, but also the number of defects in the graphene structure on the surface of the carbon nanotube (A) increases, resulting in a significant decrease in conductivity.
カーボンナノチューブ分散液の粘度は、Ｂ型粘度計ローター回転速度６０ｒｐｍにて８０００〜３００００ｍＰａ・ｓであることが好ましく、１００００〜２００００ｍＰａ・ｓであることがより好ましい。 The viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion is preferably 8,000 to 30,000 mPa · s at a B-type viscometer rotor rotation speed of 60 rpm, more preferably 10,000 to 20,000 mPa · s.
カーボンナノチューブ分散液中の溶液中のカーボンナノチューブ濃度は０．１〜１％であることが好ましく、０．３〜０．７％であることがより好ましい。 The carbon nanotube concentration in the solution in the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is preferably 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.3 to 0.7%.
＜カーボンナノチューブ塗料の作製＞
本発明のカーボンナノチューブ塗料は、少なくとも本発明のカーボンナノチューブ分散液とバインダー樹脂（Ｃ）とを含む水性塗料である。水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）は、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）を分散する際に用いる樹脂であり主に顔料吸着の機能を有するのに対し、バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）は、塗膜を作製するために用いる樹脂であり造膜する機能を有する。また、バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）は、硬化剤と反応させるため、水酸基などの架橋性官能基を有する場合が多い。
<Preparation of carbon nanotube paint>
The carbon nanotube paint of the present invention is an aqueous paint containing at least the carbon nanotube dispersion of the present invention and a binder resin (C). The water-soluble dispersion resin (B) is a resin used for dispersing the carbon nanotubes (A) and mainly has a function of adsorbing pigment, whereas the binder resin (C) is used for forming a coating film. It is a resin and has the function of forming a film. The binder resin (C) often has a crosslinkable functional group such as a hydroxyl group in order to react with the curing agent.
＜バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）＞
バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）としては、通常、塗料のバインダー樹脂として用いられるものであれば特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、例えば、縮合系合成樹脂、付加系合成樹脂、天然高分子化合物、などが挙げられる。前記縮合系合成樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエポキシ樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、珪素樹脂などが挙げられる。前記付加系合成樹脂としては、例えば、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリビニルエステル系樹脂、ポリアクリル酸系樹脂、不飽和カルボン酸系樹脂などが挙げられる。前記天然高分子化合物としては、例えば、セルロース類、ロジン類、天然ゴムなどが挙げられる。前記水分散性樹脂は、ホモポリマーとして使用されてもよく、また、コポリマーとして使用して複合系樹脂として用いてもよく、単相構造型、コアシェル型、及びパワーフィード型エマルジョンのいずれのものも使用できる。
<Binder resin (C)>
The binder resin (C) is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a binder resin for a paint, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include a condensation-based synthetic resin, an addition-based synthetic resin, And natural polymer compounds. Examples of the condensation-based synthetic resin include a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyepoxy resin, a polyamide resin, a polyether resin, and a silicon resin. Examples of the additional synthetic resin include a polyolefin resin, a polystyrene resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl ester resin, a polyacrylic acid resin, and an unsaturated carboxylic acid resin. Examples of the natural polymer compound include celluloses, rosins, and natural rubber. The water-dispersible resin may be used as a homopolymer, or may be used as a copolymer to be used as a composite resin, and may be any of a single-phase structure type, a core-shell type, and a power feed type emulsion. Can be used.
バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）としては、樹脂自身が親水基を持ち自己分散性を持つもの、樹脂自身は分散性を持たず界面活性剤や親水基を持つ樹脂にて分散性を付与したものが使用できる。これらの中でも、ポリエステル樹脂やポリウレタン樹脂のアイオノマーや不飽和単量体の乳化及び懸濁重合によって得られた樹脂粒子のエマルジョンが好適である。不飽和単量体の乳化重合の場合には、不飽和単量体、重合開始剤、及び界面活性剤、連鎖移動剤、キレート剤、ｐＨ調整剤などを添加した水にて反応を行い樹脂エマルジョンを得るため、容易に水分散性樹脂を得ることができ、樹脂構成を容易に替えやすいため目的の性質を作りやすい。 As the binder resin (C), a resin having a hydrophilic group and a self-dispersing property, and a resin having no dispersing property and having a dispersing property provided by a surfactant or a resin having a hydrophilic group can be used. . Among these, an ionomer of a polyester resin or a polyurethane resin or an emulsion of resin particles obtained by emulsification and suspension polymerization of an unsaturated monomer is preferable. In the case of emulsion polymerization of an unsaturated monomer, a resin emulsion is prepared by reacting with water to which an unsaturated monomer, a polymerization initiator, and a surfactant, a chain transfer agent, a chelating agent, and a pH adjuster are added. Thus, a water-dispersible resin can be easily obtained, and the desired properties can be easily obtained because the resin composition can be easily changed.
前記不飽和単量体としては、例えば、不飽和カルボン酸類、（メタ）アクリル酸エステル単量体類、（メタ）アクリル酸アミド単量体類、芳香族ビニル単量体類、ビニルシアノ化合物単量体類、ビニル単量体類、アリル化合物単量体類、オレフィン単量体類、ジエン単量体類、不飽和炭素を持つオリゴマー類などを単独及び複数組み合わせて用いることができる。これらの単量体を組み合わせることで柔軟に性質を改質することが可能であり、オリゴマー型重合開始剤を用いて重合反応、グラフト反応を行うことで樹脂の特性を改質することもできる。 Examples of the unsaturated monomer include unsaturated carboxylic acids, (meth) acrylic acid ester monomers, (meth) acrylic acid amide monomers, aromatic vinyl monomers, and vinyl cyano compound monomers. Body, vinyl monomer, allyl compound monomer, olefin monomer, diene monomer, oligomer having unsaturated carbon, and the like can be used alone or in combination. The properties can be flexibly modified by combining these monomers, and the properties of the resin can also be modified by conducting a polymerization reaction and a graft reaction using an oligomer type polymerization initiator.
前記不飽和カルボン酸類としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸等が挙げられる。
前記単官能の（メタ）アクリル酸エステル類としては、例えば、メチルメタクリレート、エチルメタクリレート、イソプロピルメタクリレート、ｎ−ブチルメタクリレート、イソブチルメタクリレート、ｎ−アミルメタクリレート、イソアミルメタクリレート、ｎ−ヘキシルメタクリレート、２−エチルヘキシルメタクリレート、オクチルメタクリレート、デシルメタクリレート、ドデシルメタクリレート、オクタデシルメタクリレート、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート、フェニルメタクリレート、ベンジルメタクリレート、グリシジルメタクリレート、２−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、２−ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、メタクリロキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウム塩、３−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、イソプロピルアクリレート、ｎ−ブチルアクリレート、イソブチルアクリレート、ｎ−アミルアクリレート、イソアミルアクリレート、ｎ−へキシルアクリレート、２−エチルへキシルアクリレート、オクチルアクリレート、デシルアクリレート、ドデシルアクリレート、オクタデシルアクリレート、シクロへキシルアクリレート、フェニルアクリレート、ベンジルアクリレート、グリシジルアクリレート、２−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、２−ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート、アクリロキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウム塩、などが挙げられる。
Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acids include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, and maleic acid.
Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylates include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate. Octyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium salt, 3 -Methacrylic Xypropyltrimethoxysilane, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, Dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium salt, and the like.
前記多官能の（メタ）アクリル酸エステル類としては、例えば、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、１，３−ブチレングリコールジメタクリレート、１，４−ブチレングリコールジメタクリレート、１，６−ヘキサンジオールジメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリブチレングリコールジメタクリレート、２，２'−ビス（４−メタクリロキシジエトキシフェニル）
プロパン、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリメタクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、１，３−ブチレングリコールジアクリレート、１，４−ブチレングリコールジアクリレート、１，６−ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、１，９−ノナンジオールジアクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、２，２'−ビス（４−アクリロキシプロピロキシフェニル）プロパン、２，２'−ビス（４−アクリロキシジエトキシフェニル）プロパントリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリアクリレート、テトラメチロールメタントリアクリレート、ジトリメチロールテトラアクリレート、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート、などが挙げられる。
Examples of the polyfunctional (meth) acrylates include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, and 1,4-butylene. Glycol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, dipropylene glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate, polybutylene glycol dimethacrylate, 2,2'-bis (4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl) )
Propane, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate Acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, 2,2'-bis (4-acryloxyproproxyphenyl) propane, 2,2'-bis (4-acryloxy Diethoxyphenyl) propane trimethylol propane triacrylate, trimethylol ethane triacrylate, tetramethylol methane triacrylate, ditrimethylol te La acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and the like.
前記（メタ）アクリル酸アミド単量体類としては、例えば、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジメチルアクリルアミド、メチレンビスアクリルアミド、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸等が挙げられる。
前記芳香族ビニル単量体類としては、例えば、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、４−ｔ−ブチルスチレン、クロルスチレン、ビニルアニソール、ビニルナフタレン、ジビニルベンゼン等が挙げられる。
Examples of the (meth) acrylic amide monomers include acrylamide, methacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, methylenebisacrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and the like.
Examples of the aromatic vinyl monomers include styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 4-t-butylstyrene, chlorostyrene, vinylanisole, vinylnaphthalene, divinylbenzene, and the like.
前記ビニルシアノ化合物単量体類としては、例えば、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等が挙げられる。
前記アリル化合物単量体類としては、例えば、アリルスルホン酸又はその塩、アリルアミン、アリルクロライド、ジアリルアミン、ジアリルジメチルアンモニウム塩等が挙げられる。
前記オレフィン単量体類としては、例えば、エチレン、プロピレン等が挙げられる。
前記ジエン単量体類としては、例えば、ブタジエン、クロロプレン等が挙げられる。
前記ビニル単量体類としては、例えば、酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、塩化ビニル、ビニルエーテル、ビニルケトン、ビニルピロリドン、ビニルスルホン酸又はその塩、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
Examples of the vinyl cyano compound monomers include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
Examples of the allyl compound monomers include allylsulfonic acid or a salt thereof, allylamine, allyl chloride, diallylamine, diallyldimethylammonium salt and the like.
Examples of the olefin monomers include ethylene and propylene.
Examples of the diene monomers include butadiene and chloroprene.
Examples of the vinyl monomers include vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, vinyl ether, vinyl ketone, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, vinyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane, and the like.
前記不飽和炭素を持つオリゴマー類としては、例えば、メタクリロイル基を持つスチレンオリゴマー、メタクリロイル基を持つスチレン−アクリロニトリルオリゴマー、メタクリロイル基を持つメチルメタクリレートオリゴマー、メタクリロイル基を持つジメチルシロキサンオリゴマー、アクリロイル基を持つポリエステルオリゴマー等が挙げられる。 Examples of the oligomer having an unsaturated carbon include a styrene oligomer having a methacryloyl group, a styrene-acrylonitrile oligomer having a methacryloyl group, a methyl methacrylate oligomer having a methacryloyl group, a dimethylsiloxane oligomer having a methacryloyl group, and a polyester having an acryloyl group. Oligomers and the like.
前記基体樹脂の官能基と反応しうる架橋剤としての役割を持つメラミン樹脂、尿素樹脂、ポリイソシアネート化合物、ブロックポリイソシアネ−ト化合物、エポキシ化合物又は樹脂、カルボキシル基含有化合物又は樹脂、酸無水物、アルコキシシラン基含有化合物又は樹脂等を用いることができる。架橋性官能基を含有する樹脂と架橋剤としての役割を持つ樹脂は併用することが望ましく、中でも、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂及び尿素樹脂から選ばれる１種を用いることが好ましく、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂及びメラミン樹脂から選ばれる１種を用いることがより好ましく、アクリル樹脂とメラミン樹脂とを併用することがより好ましい。 Melamine resin, urea resin, polyisocyanate compound, block polyisocyanate compound, epoxy compound or resin, carboxyl group-containing compound or resin, acid anhydride having a role as a crosslinking agent capable of reacting with the functional group of the base resin , An alkoxysilane group-containing compound or a resin. It is desirable to use a resin containing a crosslinkable functional group and a resin having a role as a crosslinker in combination, and among them, one selected from an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an alkyd resin, a melamine resin, an epoxy resin and a urea resin is used. It is preferable to use one selected from an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an alkyd resin, and a melamine resin, and it is more preferable to use an acrylic resin and a melamine resin in combination.
メラミン樹脂は、熱硬化性を有し硬化剤として作用することから、特に好ましく用いられる。アクリル樹脂は、当業者によってよく知られた重合性不飽和二重結合を有するモノマーを常法によって重合することにより得られるものが好ましい。上記重合性不飽和二重結合を有するモノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、エタクリル酸、プロピルアクリル酸、イソプロピルアクリル酸、イタコン酸、無水マレイン酸及びフマル酸等のカルボン酸基含有モノマー、２−ヒドロキシエチル（メタ）アクリレート、２−ヒドロキシプロピル（メタ）アクリレート、４−ヒドロキシブチル（メタ）アクリレート、ε−カプロラクトン変性アクリルモノマー等の水酸基含有モノマー、（メタ）アクリル酸メチル、（メタ）アクリル酸エチル、（メタ）アクリル酸プロピル、（メタ）アクリル酸ｎ−ブチル、（メタ）アクリル酸イソブチル、（メタ）アクリル酸ｔ−ブチル、（メタ）アクリル酸ヘキシル、（メタ）アクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル、（メタ）アクリル酸オクチル、（メタ）アクリル酸ノニル、（メタ）アクリル酸デシル、（メタ）アクリル酸ドデシル、（メタ）アクリル酸ステアリル等の（メタ）アクリル酸エステルモノマー、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、α−メチルスチレンダイマー、ビニルトルエン、ジビニルベンゼン等のスチレン系モノマー等を挙げることができる。また、重合には、当業者によってよく知られたラジカル重合開始剤等を用いることが好ましい。 Melamine resins are particularly preferably used because they have thermosetting properties and act as a curing agent. The acrylic resin is preferably obtained by polymerizing a monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated double bond well-known by those skilled in the art by a conventional method. Examples of the monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated double bond include, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, ethacrylic acid, propylacrylic acid, isopropylacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and the like. Carboxylic acid group-containing monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyl group-containing monomer such as ε-caprolactone-modified acrylic monomer, (meth) acrylic acid Methyl, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) ) 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ( (T) octyl acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate monomers such as stearyl (meth) acrylate, styrene, α-methylstyrene, Styrene-based monomers such as α-methylstyrene dimer, vinyltoluene and divinylbenzene can be exemplified. For the polymerization, it is preferable to use a radical polymerization initiator well known by those skilled in the art.
メラミン樹脂の具体例としては、例えばサイメル３００、３０３、３２５、３２７、３５０、３７０（三井サイテック（株）社製）、ニカラックＭＳ１５、ＭＳ１７、ＭＸ４３０、ＭＸ６５０（三和ケミカル（株）社製）、スミマールＭ−５５（住友化学（株）社製）、レジミン７４０、７４１（モンサント社製）などのメチルエーテル化メラミン樹脂；サイメル２０２、２３５、同２３８、２５４、２７２、１１３０（三井サイテック（株）社製）、ニカラックＭＸ４８５、ＭＸ４８７（三和ケミカル（株）社製）、レジミン７５５（モンサント社製）などのメチルエーテル・ブチルエーテル混合エーテル化メラミン樹脂を挙げることができる。これらのメラミン樹脂は１種で又は２種以上の混合物として使用することができる。 Specific examples of the melamine resin include, for example, Cymel 300, 303, 325, 327, 350, and 370 (manufactured by Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd.), Nikalac MS15, MS17, MX430, and MX650 (manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.), Methyl etherified melamine resins such as Sumimar M-55 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Resimin 740, 741 (manufactured by Monsanto); Cymel 202, 235, 238, 254, 272, 1130 (Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd.) And melamine resins mixed with methyl ether and butyl ether such as Nicarax MX485 and MX487 (manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Resimin 755 (manufactured by Monsanto). These melamine resins can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
本発明のカーボンナノチューブ塗料には、さらに必要に応じて、水あるいは有機溶媒、レオロジーコントロール剤、顔料分散剤、沈降防止剤、硬化触媒、消泡剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、表面調整剤等の各種添加剤、体質顔料などを適宜配合することができる。 In the carbon nanotube paint of the present invention, if necessary, water or an organic solvent, a rheology control agent, a pigment dispersant, an anti-settling agent, a curing catalyst, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a surface conditioner And other additives, extenders and the like can be appropriately compounded.
本発明のカーボンナノチューブ塗料は、前述の成分を混合分散することによって調製することができる。また、予め上記樹脂成分及び水と混合してカーボンナノチューブ分散液を調製し、該カーボンナノチューブ分散液を前述の成分と混合してカーボンナノチューブ塗料に配合せしめることができる。 The carbon nanotube paint of the present invention can be prepared by mixing and dispersing the above-mentioned components. Alternatively, a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is prepared by previously mixing with the above resin component and water, and the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid can be mixed with the above-mentioned components and blended into a carbon nanotube paint.
本発明のカーボンナノチューブ塗料は、特に限定されず様々な基材に塗工できる、例えば、鉄、ステンレス、アルミニウム等及びその表面処理物等の金属基材；セメント類、石灰類、石膏類等のセメント系基材；ポリ塩化ビニル類、ポリエステル類、ポリカーボネート類、アクリル類等のプラスチック系基材等を挙げることができる。また、これらの各種基材からなる、建材、建築物、構造物等の建築・建材分野の各種被塗物等を挙げることができる。 The carbon nanotube paint of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be applied to various substrates, for example, metal substrates such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum and the like and surface-treated products thereof; cements, limes, plasters, and the like. Cement-based substrates; plastic-based substrates such as polyvinyl chlorides, polyesters, polycarbonates, and acrylics. Further, there may be mentioned various coating materials in the field of construction and building materials, such as building materials, buildings, structures, etc., composed of these various base materials.
カーボンナノチューブ塗料の塗布方法としては、特に限定されず、例えば、刷毛塗り、ローラー塗装、スプレー塗装等を挙げることができる。塗装後、通常、常温乾燥又は加熱乾燥させることにより塗膜を得ることができる。なお、塗布量；下塗り、中塗り、上塗り等の塗装順；塗装膜厚；乾燥時間等は、カーボンナノチューブ塗料の種類や適用する基材に応じて任意に設定することができる。 The method for applying the carbon nanotube paint is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include brush coating, roller coating, and spray coating. After the coating, the coating film can be obtained usually by drying at room temperature or by heating. The amount of coating; the order of coating such as undercoating, intermediate coating, and topcoating; coating film thickness; and drying time can be arbitrarily set according to the type of carbon nanotube paint and the substrate to be applied.
以下、実施例に基づき、本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。本実施例中、部は質量部を、％は質量％をそれぞれ表す。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples as long as the gist of the present invention is not exceeded. In this example, “part” represents “part by mass” and “%” represents “% by mass”.
本実施例および比較例において、カーボンナノチューブ分散液および塗料の製造にあたって、下記材料を使用した。
＜カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）＞
・ＴＵＢＡＬＬ（８０％）：ＯＣＳｉＡｌ社製シングルウォールカーボンナノチューブ、平均外径：１．５ｎｍ、炭素成分８０％、平均長さ１２μｍ、５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）９２０μｍ、比表面積４９０ｍ２／ｇ
・ＴＵＢＡＬＬ（９３％）：ＯＣＳｉＡｌ社製シングルウォールカーボンナノチューブ、平均外径：１．５ｎｍ、炭素成分９３％、平均長さ１０μｍ、５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）１０１０μｍ、比表面積８５０ｍ２／ｇ
・カーボンナノチューブ（A−１）：平均外径：１．５ｎｍ、炭素成分７０％、平均長さ８μｍ、５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）１１９０μｍ、比表面積７５０ｍ２／ｇ
・カーボンナノチューブ（A−２）：平均外径：１．５ｎｍ、炭素成分９１％、平均長さ９μｍ、５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）１３５０μｍ、比表面積１２００ｍ２／ｇ
In Examples and Comparative Examples, the following materials were used in the production of the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and the paint.
<Carbon nanotube (A)>
TUBALL (80%): single-walled carbon nanotube manufactured by OCSiAl, average outer diameter: 1.5 nm, carbon component 80%, average length 12 μm, 50% particle diameter (D50) 920 μm, specific surface area 490 m 2 / g
TUBALL (93%): single-walled carbon nanotube manufactured by OCSiAl, average outer diameter: 1.5 nm, carbon component 93%, average length 10 μm, 50% particle diameter (D50) 1010 μm, specific surface area 850 m 2 / g
Carbon nanotube (A-1): average outer diameter: 1.5 nm, carbon component 70%, average length 8 μm, 50% particle diameter (D50) 1190 μm, specific surface area 750 m 2 / g
Carbon nanotube (A-2): average outer diameter: 1.5 nm, carbon component 91%, average length 9 μm, 50% particle diameter (D50) 1350 μm, specific surface area 1200 m 2 / g
尚、カーボンナノチューブ（A−１）及びカーボンナノチューブ（A−２）は下記の製造例に沿って作製を行った。
（カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ−１）の製造）
スパッタ蒸着装置を用い、シリコンウェハー上へ厚さ１ｎｍの鉄金属を蒸着した。これを反応炉に挿入し、アルゴン雰囲気下で８００℃まで昇温させた後、アルゴン水素混合ガスを１０００ｃｃ／分、エチレンガスを１００ｃｃ／分中で１０分間反応させ、カーボンナノチューブを回収した。さらに、ステンレス容器にカーボンナノチューブとガラスビーズを仕込み、ペイントコンディショナーで乾式粉砕処理を１時間行い、カーボンナノチューブを任意の長さに調整し、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ−１）を得た。
（カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ−２）の製造）
スパッタ蒸着装置を用い、シリコンウェハー上へ厚さ１ｎｍの鉄金属を蒸着した。これを反応炉に挿入し、アルゴン雰囲気下で１０００℃まで昇温させた後、アルゴン水素混合ガスを１０００ｃｃ／分、エチレンガスを１００ｃｃ／分中で１０分間反応させ、カーボンナノチューブを回収した。さらに、ステンレス容器にカーボンナノチューブとガラスビーズを仕込み、ペイントコンディショナーで乾式粉砕処理を１時間行い、カーボンナノチューブを任意の長さに調整し、カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ−２）を得た。
In addition, carbon nanotube (A-1) and carbon nanotube (A-2) were produced according to the following production examples.
(Production of carbon nanotube (A-1))
Using a sputter deposition apparatus, a 1-nm-thick iron metal was deposited on a silicon wafer. This was inserted into a reaction furnace and heated to 800 ° C. in an argon atmosphere, and then reacted with an argon / hydrogen mixed gas at 1000 cc / min and ethylene gas at 100 cc / min for 10 minutes to collect carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes and glass beads were charged in a stainless steel container, and dry pulverization was performed for 1 hour with a paint conditioner to adjust the carbon nanotubes to an arbitrary length to obtain carbon nanotubes (A-1).
(Production of carbon nanotube (A-2))
Using a sputter deposition apparatus, a 1-nm-thick iron metal was deposited on a silicon wafer. This was inserted into a reaction furnace and heated to 1000 ° C. in an argon atmosphere, and then reacted with an argon / hydrogen mixed gas at 1000 cc / min and ethylene gas at 100 cc / min for 10 minutes to collect carbon nanotubes. Further, carbon nanotubes and glass beads were charged into a stainless steel container, and dry pulverization treatment was performed for 1 hour with a paint conditioner to adjust the carbon nanotubes to an arbitrary length to obtain carbon nanotubes (A-2).
＜水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）＞
・Ｊｏｎｃｒｙｌ ＨＰＤ−９６Ｊ：ＢＡＳＦジャパン社製、スチレン−アクリル酸系、固形分酸価２４０ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、不揮発分３４％
・Ｊｏｎｃｒｙｌ ＪＤＸ−６５００：ＢＡＳＦジャパン社製、オールアクリル系（スチレンフリー）、固形分酸価２１５ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、不揮発分２９．５％
・Ｄｉｓｐｅｘ Ｕｌｔｒａ ＰＡ ４５５０：ＢＡＳＦジャパン社製、変性ポリアクリル酸塩ポリマー、固形分酸価０ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、固形分アミン価５４ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、不揮発分５０％
・ＢＹＫ−１９０：ビックケミー社製、スチレン系ブロック共重合、固形分酸価２５ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、不揮発分４０％
・ＢＹＫ−２０１０：ビックケミー社製、アクリルエマルション、固形分酸価５０ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、固形分アミン価５０ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ、不揮発分４０％
＜バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）＞
ウォーターゾールＳ−７５１：ＤＩＣ社製焼き付け塗料用アクリル樹脂、不揮発分５０％
ウォーターゾールＳ−２１２：ＤＩＣ社製アルキッド樹脂、不揮発分６５％
サイメル３０３：三井サイテック社製メラミン樹脂、不揮発分１００％
<Water-soluble dispersion resin (B)>
-Joncryl HPD-96J: BASF Japan, styrene-acrylic acid, solid acid value 240 mg KOH / g, non-volatile content 34%
-Joncryl JDX-6500: manufactured by BASF Japan, all acrylic (styrene-free), solid content acid value 215mg KOH / g, nonvolatile content 29.5%
-Dispex Ultra PA 4550: manufactured by BASF Japan, modified polyacrylate polymer, solid acid value 0 mg KOH / g, solid amine value 54 mg KOH / g, nonvolatile content 50%
-BYK-190: manufactured by Big Chemie, styrene block copolymer, solid content acid value 25 mg KOH / g, nonvolatile content 40%
-BYK-2010: manufactured by BYK-Chemie, acrylic emulsion, solid content acid value 50 mg KOH / g, solid content amine value 50 mg KOH / g, nonvolatile content 40%
<Binder resin (C)>
Waterzol S-751: Acrylic resin for baking paint manufactured by DIC, nonvolatile content 50%
Watersol S-212: alk resin manufactured by DIC, nonvolatile content 65%
Cymel 303: Melamine resin manufactured by Mitsui Cytec, 100% non-volatile content
尚、本発明に用いたカーボンナノチューブの５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）はレーザー回折式粒度分布（島津製作所社製「ＳＡＬＤ−２３００」）により、比表面積は全自動比表面積測定装置（マウンテック社製「ＨＭ Ｍｏｄｅｌ−１２００」）により算出した。 The 50% particle diameter (D50) of the carbon nanotubes used in the present invention is determined by a laser diffraction particle size distribution (“SALD-2300” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and the specific surface area is measured by a fully automatic specific surface area measuring device (“Mountech”) HM Model-1200 ").
＜カーボンナノチューブ分散液の製造＞
［実施例１］
カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）としてＴＵＢＡＬＬ ０．５部、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）としてＪｏｎｃｒｙｌ ＪＰＤ−９６Ｊ ４．７部、消泡剤としてサーフィノール１０４Ｅ ０．３部、精製水９４．５部をヘラで予備分散をした後に、直径０．５ｍｍのジルコニアビーズ２００ｇを分散メディアとして仕込み、ペイントシェーカーにて、４時間分散処理し、カーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−１を得た。
<Production of carbon nanotube dispersion>
[Example 1]
Reserve 0.5 parts of TUBALL as carbon nanotube (A), 4.7 parts of Joncryl JPD-96J as water-soluble resin (B), 0.3 parts of Surfynol 104E as antifoaming agent, and 94.5 parts of purified water with a spatula. After the dispersion, 200 g of zirconia beads having a diameter of 0.5 mm were charged as a dispersion medium and subjected to a dispersion treatment with a paint shaker for 4 hours to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion D-1.
［実施例１−１３、実施例１５−１７、比較例１−１６］
表１に示す水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）の種類と量、分散処理時間に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、カーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−２〜Ｄ−１３、Ｄ−１５〜Ｄ−３３を得た。
[Example 1-13, Example 15-17, Comparative Example 1-16]
Carbon nanotube dispersions D-2 to D-13, D-15 to D- in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type and amount of the water-soluble resin (B) shown in Table 1 and the dispersion treatment time were changed. 33 was obtained.
［実施例１４］
界面活性剤としてデモールＮ（花王ケミカル社製、βーナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩）を０．０４部加えたこと以外は、実施例７と同様にして、カーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−１４を得た。
[Example 14]
A carbon nanotube dispersion D-14 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, except that 0.04 part of Demol N (a sodium salt of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate, manufactured by Kao Chemical Company) was added as a surfactant. Obtained.
＜カーボンナノチューブ分散液の評価＞
得られたカーボンナノチューブ分散液について、以下の評価を行った。その結果を表２に示した。
（粘度）
粘度値の測定は、Ｂ型粘度計（東機産業社製「ＢＬ」）を用いて、分散液温度２５℃、Ｂ型粘度計ローター回転速度６０ｒｐｍにて、分散液をヘラで充分に撹拌した後、直ちに行った。測定に使用したローターは、粘度値が０．１Ｐａ・ｓ未満の場合はＮｏ．１を、０．１Ｐａ・ｓ以上０．５Ｐａ・ｓ未満の場合はＮｏ．２を、０．５Ｐａ・ｓ以上２．０Ｐａ・ｓ未満の場合はＮｏ．３を、２．０Ｐａ・ｓ以上１０Ｐａ・ｓ未満の場合はＮｏ．４のものをそれぞれ用いた。得られた粘度値が１０Ｐａ・ｓ以上の場合については、「＞１０」と記載したが、これは評価に用いたＢ型粘度計では評価不可能なほどに高粘度であったことを表す。分散直後から5時間以内に測定した粘度を、初期粘度とした。
<Evaluation of carbon nanotube dispersion>
The following evaluation was performed about the obtained carbon nanotube dispersion liquid. The results are shown in Table 2.
(viscosity)
The viscosity was measured using a B-type viscometer (“BL” manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and the dispersion was sufficiently stirred with a spatula at a dispersion temperature of 25 ° C. and a B-type viscometer rotor rotation speed of 60 rpm. Later, he went immediately. The rotor used for the measurement was No. 1 when the viscosity value was less than 0.1 Pa · s. No. 1 is 0.1 Pa · s or more and less than 0.5 Pa · s. 2 is 0.5 Pa · s or more and less than 2.0 Pa · s. No. 3 is 2.0 Pa · s or more and less than 10 Pa · s. Four samples were used. The case where the obtained viscosity value is 10 Pa · s or more is described as “> 10”, which indicates that the viscosity was so high that the B-type viscometer used for evaluation could not evaluate. The viscosity measured within 5 hours immediately after the dispersion was defined as the initial viscosity.
（貯蔵安定性）
貯蔵安定性の評価は、カーボンナノチューブ分散液を５０℃にて、１０日間静置して保存した後の、粘度値の変化から評価した。変化率は式（２）によって算出され、算出された結果に基づき下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、△（普通）、×（不良）の３段階で評価した。また、粘度値が「＞１０」の場合は、計算が不可能なため、「−」（評価不可）と表記した。
変化率（％）＝（５０℃１０日後粘度）／（初期粘度）×１００・・・・・・式（２）
○：変化率が８０％以上１２０％未満
△：変化率が５０％以上８０％未満または１２０％以上１５０％未満
×：変化率が５０％未満または１５０％以上
(Storage stability)
The storage stability was evaluated from the change in the viscosity value after the carbon nanotube dispersion was allowed to stand at 50 ° C. for 10 days and stored. The rate of change was calculated by equation (2), and based on the calculated result, evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was performed on three levels: Δ (good), Δ (normal), and × (bad). Further, when the viscosity value was “> 10”, the calculation was impossible, and therefore, the value was described as “−” (evaluation impossible).
Rate of change (%) = (viscosity after 10 days at 50 ° C.) / (Initial viscosity) × 100 (2)
：: Change rate of 80% or more and less than 120% Δ: Change rate of 50% or more and less than 80% or 120% or more and less than 150% ×: Change rate of less than 50% or 150% or more
（カーボンナノチューブ長さ）
透過型電子顕微鏡（日本電子社製）によって、カーボンナノチューブの形態観察を行い、１００本の長軸の長さを計測し、その数平均値をもってカーボンナノチューブ平均長さ（μｍ）とした。下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、△（普通）、×（不良）の３段階で評価した。
〇：５μｍ以上１０μｍ以下
△：２μｍ以上５μｍ未満
×：２μｍ未満または１０μｍを超える
(Length of carbon nanotube)
The morphology of the carbon nanotubes was observed with a transmission electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), the length of the major axis of 100 carbon nanotubes was measured, and the number average value was taken as the average length of carbon nanotubes (μm). The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was performed on three levels: Δ (good), Δ (normal), and × (bad).
〇: 5 μm or more and 10 μm or less △: 2 μm or more and less than 5 μm ×: less than 2 μm or more than 10 μm
（カーボンナノチューブ長さ維持率評価）
分散後の平均長さをＡ、分散前の平均長さをＢとし、下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、△（普通）、×（不良）の３段階で評価した。
〇：Ａ／Ｂ＝０．３以上
△：Ａ／Ｂ＝０．３未満０．２以上
×：Ａ／Ｂ＝０．２未満
(Evaluation of carbon nanotube length maintenance rate)
The average length after dispersion was A, and the average length before dispersion was B, and evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was performed on three levels: Δ (good), Δ (normal), and × (bad).
〇: A / B = 0.3 or more △: A / B = less than 0.3 0.2 or more ×: A / B = less than 0.2
（分散液の粒度分布）
分散液のカーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の粒度分布は、レーザー回折式粒度分布（マイクロトラック・ベル社製「マイクロトラック ＭＴ３００II」）により、５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０）を算出した。
(Particle size distribution of dispersion)
For the particle size distribution of the carbon nanotubes (A) in the dispersion, a 50% particle diameter (D50) was calculated from a laser diffraction particle size distribution (“Microtrack MT300II” manufactured by Microtrac Bell).
＜カーボンナノチューブ塗料の製造＞
［実施例１８］
実施例１で得られたカーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−１及びバインダー樹脂（Ｃ）を、下記組成にあるように配合し、塗料Ｐ−１を得た。
カーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−１ ：１１．４部
ウォーターゾールＳ−７５１ ：５６部
サイメル３０３ ：１２部
<Manufacture of carbon nanotube paint>
[Example 18]
The carbon nanotube dispersion D-1 obtained in Example 1 and the binder resin (C) were blended so as to have the following composition to obtain a paint P-1.
Carbon nanotube dispersion D-1: 11.4 parts Watersol S-751: 56 parts Cymel 303: 12 parts
［実施例１９−２６、実施例３２−３９、比較例１７−３２］
表３に示すカーボンナノチューブ分散液（Ａ）に変更した以外は、実施例１０と同様にして、塗料Ｐ−２〜Ｐ−９、Ｐ−１５〜Ｐ−３８を得た。
[Examples 19-26, Examples 32-39, Comparative Examples 17-32]
Except having changed into the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid (A) shown in Table 3, it carried out similarly to Example 10, and obtained paints P-2 to P-9 and P-15 to P-38.
［実施例２７］
実施例２で得られたカーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−２及びバインダー樹脂（Ｃ）を、下記組成にあるように配合し、塗料Ｐ−１０を得た。
カーボンナノチューブ分散液Ｄ−２ ：１１．４部
ウォーターゾールＳ−２１２ ：４３部
サイメル３０３ ：１２部
[Example 27]
The carbon nanotube dispersion D-2 obtained in Example 2 and the binder resin (C) were blended so as to have the following composition, thereby obtaining a paint P-10.
Carbon nanotube dispersion D-2: 11.4 parts Watersol S-212: 43 parts Cymel 303: 12 parts
［実施例２８−３１］
表３に示すカーボンナノチューブ分散液（Ａ）に変更した以外は、実施例１９と同様にして、塗料Ｐ−１１〜Ｐ−１４を得た。
[Examples 28-31]
Except having changed into the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid (A) shown in Table 3, it carried out similarly to Example 19, and obtained paints P-11 to P-14.
＜塗料評価＞
得られた塗料について、さらに、塗料をコロナ放電処理ＰＥＴフィルムに膜厚が２０±２μｍになるようにアプリケーターで塗工し、３０分間セッティング後、６０℃にて３０分間乾燥させた後、１４０℃にて２０分間焼き付けを行って、各塗料の試験塗膜を作製し、塗料とその塗膜について以下の評価を行った。その結果を表３に示した。
（相溶性）
得られた塗料をＪＩＳ Ｋ５６００２−５に従い、粒子の密集を確認することで、カーボンナノチューブ分散液（Ａ）と、バインダー樹脂（Ｃ）の相溶性を判断した。下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、×（不良）の２段階で評価した。
○：密集２０μｍ未満
×：密集２０μｍ以上
（全光線透過率）
透明性については、ＰＥＴフィルムに塗工した試験塗膜を、日本電色工業社製：ヘーズメーター（３００Ａ）で全光線透過率を測定した。下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、△（普通）、×（不良）の３段階で評価した。
〇：６５％以上８０％未満
△：６０％以上６５％未満
×：５０％以上６０％未満
（表面抵抗率）
導電性については、ＰＥＴフィルムに塗工した試験塗膜を、三菱化学社製：ロレスターＧＰ（ＣＰ−Ｔ６１０）を用いて表面抵抗率（Ω／□）を測定した。下記基準にて評価を行った。尚、〇（良好）、△（普通）、×（不良）の３段階で評価した。
〇：１．０×１０7未満
△：１．０×１０７以上１．０×１０８未満
×：１．０×１０８以上
<Paint evaluation>
The obtained paint was further applied to a corona discharge-treated PET film with an applicator so that the film thickness became 20 ± 2 μm, set for 30 minutes, dried at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then dried at 140 ° C. For 20 minutes to prepare test coating films of each paint, and the paints and the paint films were evaluated as follows. Table 3 shows the results.
(Compatibility)
The compatibility of the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid (A) and the binder resin (C) was determined by checking the density of particles in the obtained paint according to JIS K56002-5. The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was made in two stages of Δ (good) and × (bad).
：: dense less than 20 μm ×: dense 20 μm or more (total light transmittance)
Regarding the transparency, the total light transmittance of the test coating film applied to the PET film was measured with a haze meter (300A) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was performed on three levels: Δ (good), Δ (normal), and × (bad).
〇: 65% or more and less than 80% Δ: 60% or more and less than 65% ×: 50% or more and less than 60% (surface resistivity)
Regarding conductivity, the surface resistivity (Ω / □) of a test coating film applied to a PET film was measured using Loresta GP (CP-T610) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. In addition, evaluation was performed on three levels: Δ (good), Δ (normal), and × (bad).
〇: less than 1.0 × 10 7 Δ: 1.0 × 10 7 or more and less than 1.0 × 10 8 ×: 1.0 × 10 8 or more
表２に示した結果から、本発明のカーボンナノチューブ分散液は貯蔵安定性に優れ、表３に示した結果から、本発明のカーボンナノチューブ分散液はバインダーへの相溶性に優れることが示された。さらに、表３に示した結果から、本発明のカーボンナノチューブ塗料は、透明性と表面抵抗率に優れていることが示された。
From the results shown in Table 2, the carbon nanotube dispersion of the present invention was excellent in storage stability, and from the results shown in Table 3, the carbon nanotube dispersion of the present invention was excellent in compatibility with the binder. . Furthermore, the results shown in Table 3 show that the carbon nanotube paint of the present invention is excellent in transparency and surface resistivity.
［実施例１９−２６、実施例３２−３９、比較例１７−３２］
表３に示すカーボンナノチューブ分散液（Ａ）に変更した以外は、実施例１８と同様にして、塗料Ｐ−２〜Ｐ−９、Ｐ−１５〜Ｐ−３８を得た。
[Examples 19-26, Examples 32-39, Comparative Examples 17-32]
Except having changed into the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid (A) shown in Table 3, it carried out similarly to Example 18, and obtained paints P-2 to P-9 and P-15 to P-38.
［実施例２８−３１］
表３に示すカーボンナノチューブ分散液（Ａ）に変更した以外は、実施例２７と同様にして、塗料Ｐ−１１〜Ｐ−１４を得た。
[Examples 28-31]
Except having changed into the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid (A) shown in Table 3, it carried out similarly to Example 27, and obtained paints P-11 to P-14.
Claims (10)
（１）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）と、水溶性分散樹脂（Ｂ）と、水とを含有すること。
（２）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）は、単層であり、透過型電子顕微鏡における画像解析における平均外径が０．５〜５ｎｍであり、比表面積が４００〜８００ｍ２／ｇであること。
（３）カーボンナノチューブ（Ａ）の炭素成分１００質量部に対して、水溶性樹脂（Ｂ）を４００質量部以上、２０００質量部以下含有すること。
（４）カーボンナノチューブ分散液のレーザー回折式粒度分布測定によって算出される５０％粒子径（Ｄ５０径）が１．５〜４０μｍであること。 A carbon nanotube dispersion liquid satisfying the following (1) to (4).
(1) It contains a carbon nanotube (A), a water-soluble dispersion resin (B), and water.
(2) The carbon nanotube (A) is a single layer, has an average outer diameter of 0.5 to 5 nm in image analysis with a transmission electron microscope, and has a specific surface area of 400 to 800 m 2 / g.
(3) The water-soluble resin (B) is contained in an amount of 400 parts by mass or more and 2000 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the carbon component of the carbon nanotube (A).
(4) The 50% particle diameter (D50 diameter) of the carbon nanotube dispersion calculated by laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement is 1.5 to 40 μm.
The carbon nanotube (A) has an A / B of 0.3 or more, where A / B is the average length after dispersion and B is the average length before dispersion. The carbon nanotube dispersion according to claim 1.
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| WO2021054352A1 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | Aqueous white conductive primer coating composition and method of forming multilayered coating film using same |
| JP2022053519A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-04-05 | アイカ工業株式会社 | Conductive floor coating material composition, construction method thereof, and conductive coated floor |
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| WO2023145612A1 (en) * | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-03 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Carbon nanotube liquid dispersion, slurry for negative electrodes for nonaqueous secondary batteries, negative electrode for nonaqueous secondary batteries, and nonaqueous secondary battery |
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