JP2019510090A - 低減された表面粗さを有する繊維複合材及びそれらを作製する方法 - Google Patents
低減された表面粗さを有する繊維複合材及びそれらを作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019510090A JP2019510090A JP2018532575A JP2018532575A JP2019510090A JP 2019510090 A JP2019510090 A JP 2019510090A JP 2018532575 A JP2018532575 A JP 2018532575A JP 2018532575 A JP2018532575 A JP 2018532575A JP 2019510090 A JP2019510090 A JP 2019510090A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
- B29C70/64—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres the filler influencing the surface characteristics of the material, e.g. by concentrating near the surface or by incorporating in the surface by force
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/10—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
- B29C70/021—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material
- B29C70/025—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material with particular filler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0072—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip
- B29K2995/0073—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip smooth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/22—Thermoplastic resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
Abstract
Description
熱硬化性であるが、凝固ステップ中にBステージされるのみのとき)、複合材を熱して樹脂相を軟らかくし、冷却及び/またはさらなる硬化でその後さらに樹脂を凝固することによって、成形は行われ得る。
実施例1〜4及び比較試料Aは、以下の一般的な方法で作製する。
一方向炭素繊維布は、DowAksa、Istanbul、Turkeyから入手可能な12K−A42ロービングで作製する。ロービングは、800gの重さ/1000メートルの長さ、及び1.8g/cm3の密度を有する。ロービングは、各々がおよそ7μmの直径を有する12,000個の個々の炭素繊維から作製する。それを、長さ540mm、幅290mm、及び高さ2mmの空洞の寸法を有する、ツーピースの油熱された型内に手動で配置し、Wemhonerからの120トン油圧アップストローク押し型(型番100 K−120)内で保持する。布の高さは、繊維集合体が結果として得られる複合材の上面及び底面に延在するように、型の空洞の高さと等しい。次いで、型を閉じて空気を抜き、エポキシ樹脂配合物を、KraussMaffei RSC 4/4樹脂トランスファー成形機械を使用して、型の空洞に圧力下で注入する。エポキシ樹脂配合物は、The Dow Chemical Companyから入手可能な100部のVORAFORCE 5310エポキシ樹脂、下記に示されるような(任意の)充填剤粒子、The Dow Chemical Companyから入手可能な16部のVORAFORCE(商標)5350エポキシ硬化剤、及び2部のVORAFORCE 5370内部離型剤を含有する。エポキシ樹脂配合物のこの量は、型の空洞と同じ寸法を有する固体ボイドフリー複合材を生成するのに十分である。次いで、型を130℃まで2分間加熱し、樹脂を硬化し、繊維強化複合材を形成する。次いで、型を開け、型から除去される前に複合材が室温まで冷却することを可能にする。
Claims (19)
- 繊維強化複合材を作製するプロセスであって、液体樹脂相を含む樹脂組成物を、少なくとも250nmの個々の繊維直径を有する繊維集合体の少なくとも1つの表面に適用し、それにより、前記樹脂組成物の前記液体樹脂相が前記繊維集合体内に浸透して、前記樹脂組成物の前記液相中に前記繊維集合体が埋め込まれた樹脂含浸繊維集合体を形成することと、次いで、前記樹脂組成物の冷却、硬化、または冷却及び硬化の両方によって前記樹脂組成物の前記液相を凝固させて、前記繊維強化複合材を形成することと、を含み、前記樹脂組成物が、前記繊維の前記直径よりも小さな少なくとも1つの寸法を有する、前記樹脂組成物の体積に基づいて最大5体積パーセントの充填剤粒子を、その中に分散しており、さらに、前記繊維集合体内への前記樹脂組成物の前記液相の前記浸透の間、前記充填剤粒子の少なくとも一部が、前記繊維強化複合材の1つ以上の表面で濃縮され、前記樹脂組成物が前記充填剤粒子を欠くときと比べて、かかる表面の表面粗さを低減する、プロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、その中に分散された0.01〜1体積パーセントの前記充填剤粒子を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、その中に分散された0.02〜0.1体積パーセントの前記充填剤粒子を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子が、前記繊維の前記直径の20%以下である少なくとも1つの寸法を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子が、5〜50nmの厚さを有する板状粒子である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子がグラフェンである、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子が、5〜50nmの直径及び50nm〜100μmの長さを有するナノファイバーまたはナノチューブである、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子が、カーボンナノファイバーまたはカーボンナノチューブである、請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 前記充填剤粒子がカーボン粒子である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記液体樹脂相が、少なくとも1つのエポキシ樹脂を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、前記エポキシ樹脂のための硬化剤及び前記エポキシ樹脂と前記硬化剤との反応のための触媒を含む、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化ステップが、前記樹脂組成物を少なくとも部分的に硬化するステップを含む、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記液体樹脂相が、少なくとも1つの溶融した熱可塑性ポリマーを含む、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化ステップが、前記樹脂組成物を冷却するステップを含む、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物を前記繊維集合体に適用するステップ及び前記樹脂組成物の液体樹脂相が前記繊維集合体内に浸透するステップが、前記繊維集合体を型に配置するステップ、前記型を閉じるステップ、及び前記樹脂組成物を前記型に注入するステップを含む、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物を前記繊維集合体に適用するステップ及び前記樹脂組成物の液体樹脂相が前記繊維集合体内に浸透するステップが、前記樹脂組成物の膜を形成するステップ及び前記樹脂組成物の前記膜を前記繊維集合体に対して圧縮することによって前記膜を前記繊維集合体に適用して、前記樹脂組成物の前記液相を前記繊維集合体内に染み込ませるステップを含む、請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物を前記繊維集合体に適用するステップ及び前記樹脂組成物の液体樹脂相が前記繊維集合体内に浸透するステップが、前記繊維集合体を開口空洞内に配置するステップ、前記樹脂組成物を前記開口空洞内の前記繊維集合体の上に分注するステップ、前記空洞を閉じるステップ、及び圧力を適用するステップを含む、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、前記繊維の前記直径に等しいまたはそれより大きい最小の寸法を有する熱的及び化学的に安定した材料の充填剤粒子を欠く、請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、前記繊維の前記直径の20%より大きい最小の寸法を有する熱的及び化学的に安定した充填剤粒子を含まない、請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
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