JP2019117789A - Three-dimensional display device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は三次元ディスプレイ装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device.
現在普及しているテレビやパソコンのモニタ等のディスプレイ装置は、二次元的に画像を表示するものである。 Display devices such as monitors of televisions and personal computers, which are currently widespread, display images in a two-dimensional manner.
しかしながら一方で、立体物を立体物としてそのまま表示させようとする三次元ディスプレイ装置があれば好ましいと考えられている。このような三次元ディスプレイ装置が実現されれば、表示物に対して観測者は視点を変えるだけでその物から異なる情報を得ることができる。 However, on the other hand, it is considered to be preferable if there is a three-dimensional display device that attempts to display a three-dimensional object as it is. If such a three-dimensional display device is realized, the observer can obtain different information from the display object only by changing the viewpoint.
三次元ディスプレイ装置に関しては、例えば下記特許文献１に、透明な表示装置を駆動機構によって回転させることで立体像を表示しようとする技術が開示されている。 Regarding a three-dimensional display device, for example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a technique for displaying a stereoscopic image by rotating a transparent display device by a drive mechanism.
しかしながら、上記特許文献に記載の技術は表示装置を回転させて観測者の目の分解能等と同期をとる等、高度な制御が必要である。またこのような表示装置の場合、残像が生じてしまうといった課題が残る。 However, the technique described in the above patent document requires advanced control such as rotating the display device to synchronize with the resolution of the eye of the observer or the like. Further, in the case of such a display device, there remains a problem that an afterimage occurs.
そこで、本発明は上記課題を鑑み、より簡便な構成で信頼性の高い三次元ディスプレイ装置を提供することを目的とする。 Then, in view of the said subject, an object of this invention is to provide a highly reliable three-dimensional display apparatus by simple structure.
上記課題を解決する本発明の一観点に係る三次元ディスプレイ装置は、無機ＥＬ層と、無機ＥＬ層を挟む一対の電極層と、を備える平面状の発光層を、透明基板を挟み複数平行に積層してなるものである。 A three-dimensional display device according to one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems, has a planar light emitting layer including an inorganic EL layer and a pair of electrode layers sandwiching the inorganic EL layer, with a plurality of transparent substrates in parallel. It is what is laminated.
以上、本発明によって、より簡便な構成で信頼性の高い三次元ディスプレイ装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable three-dimensional display device with a simpler configuration.
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明は多くの異なる形態による実施が可能であり、以下に示す実施形態、実施例における具体的な例示にのみ限定されるわけではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to only the specific examples in the embodiments and examples shown below.
（三次元ディスプレイ装置）
図１は、本実施形態に係る三次元ディスプレイ装置（以下「本装置」という。）１の機能ブロックを示す図であり、図２は、このうちの発光層２のイメージを示す図である。
(Three-dimensional display device)
FIG. 1 is a view showing a functional block of a three-dimensional display device (hereinafter referred to as “this device”) 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an image of a light emitting layer 2 among them.
これらの図で示すように、本装置１は、無機ＥＬ層２１と、無機ＥＬ層２１を挟む一対の絶縁層２２と、これらを挟む一対の電極層２３と、を備える平面状の発光層２を、透明基板３を挟み複数平行に積層してなる三次元ディスプレイ装置である。また、本装置１には、この一対の電極層２２に発光を制御するための電圧を供給する制御装置４が接続されており、制御装置４は、支持台５に収納されている。 As shown in these figures, the device 1 has a planar light emitting layer 2 including an inorganic EL layer 21, a pair of insulating layers 22 sandwiching the inorganic EL layer 21, and a pair of electrode layers 23 sandwiching the inorganic EL layer 21. Is a three-dimensional display device formed by laminating a plurality of transparent substrates 3 in parallel. Further, a control device 4 for supplying a voltage for controlling light emission to the pair of electrode layers 22 is connected to the device 1, and the control device 4 is housed in the support stand 5.
本装置１における発光層２は、画像を表示させるための主要な部材であり、上記の通り、無機ＥＬ層２１と、無機ＥＬ層２１を挟む一対の絶縁層２２、これらを挟む一対の電極層２３とを備えている。 The light emitting layer 2 in the device 1 is a main member for displaying an image, and as described above, the inorganic EL layer 21, the pair of insulating layers 22 sandwiching the inorganic EL layer 21, and the pair of electrode layers sandwiching them It has 23 and.
本装置１の発光層２における無機ＥＬ層２１は、電圧を印加しない場合においては透明な状態を維持し、電圧を印加した状態において発光を行うことのできる無機エレクトロクロミック材料を含む層である。無機ＥＬ層の材料としては、この機能を有する限りにおいて限定されるわけではないが、例えばＺｎＳにＴｂをドープしたＺｎＳ：Ｔｂ、ＭｎをドープしたＺｎＳ等を例示することができるがこれに限定されない。 The inorganic EL layer 21 in the light emitting layer 2 of the device 1 is a layer containing an inorganic electrochromic material capable of maintaining a transparent state when no voltage is applied and emitting light in the state where a voltage is applied. The material of the inorganic EL layer is not limited as long as it has this function, but can be exemplified by, for example, ZnS: Tb doped with Tb in ZnS: Zns doped with Mn, etc., but is not limited thereto .
また、本装置１の発光層２における一対の絶縁層２２は、一対の電極間を絶縁するために用いられるものである。絶縁膜２２としては特に限定されるわけではないが、透明性を確保しておくことが必要であることが好ましく、例えばＡｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＳｉＯ２の少なくともいずれかを含むもの等を例示することができる。 In addition, the pair of insulating layers 22 in the light emitting layer 2 of the device 1 is used to insulate between the pair of electrodes. The insulating film 22 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to ensure transparency, for example, a film containing at least one of Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and SiO 2 , etc. It can be illustrated.
また、本装置１の発光層２における一対の電極層２３は、上記の記載から明らかなように、制御装置からの信号に基づき、無機ＥＬ層２１に電圧を供給するための部材である。一対の電極層のそれぞれの材質は、透明である限りにおいて限定されず、例えばＩＴＯ、ＩＺＯ等を例示することができる。 Further, as is apparent from the above description, the pair of electrode layers 23 in the light emitting layer 2 of the device 1 is a member for supplying a voltage to the inorganic EL layer 21 based on a signal from the control device. The material of each of the pair of electrode layers is not limited as long as it is transparent, and may be, for example, ITO, IZO, or the like.
また本装置１において一対の電極層２３のそれぞれは、細長い電極が間隙をおいて略平行に複数配置された構成となっており、これら細長い電極の延伸方向が無機ＥＬ層を挟んだ他方の電極層の延伸方向と略垂直になっているいわゆるパッシブ型であることが好ましい。このようにすることで複雑な構成を採用することなくディスプレイ全体の透明度を高く維持することができるといった利点がある。 Further, in the present device 1, each of the pair of electrode layers 23 has a configuration in which a plurality of elongated electrodes are disposed substantially in parallel with a gap, and the extension direction of these elongated electrodes is the other electrode sandwiching the inorganic EL layer. It is preferable to be a so-called passive type which is substantially perpendicular to the stretching direction of the layer. This has the advantage that the transparency of the entire display can be kept high without adopting complicated configurations.
上記の場合においては、交差した電極が重複する領域が画素領域となり、この重複した領域に電圧を印加することでこの領域の無機ＥＬ層が発光し、画素の表示が可能となる。 In the above case, a region where the crossed electrodes overlap is a pixel region, and by applying a voltage to this overlapping region, the inorganic EL layer in this region emits light, and the pixel can be displayed.
また、本装置１において、絶縁層２２と電極層２３は重複する部分を備えていてもよい。電極層２３における電極は、電極間に空隙が設けられているため、この部分が空気層となり、屈折率差を大きくさせ、光の反射等により光の利用効率を下げてしまう場合がある。そのため、電極間の空隙に絶縁層２２の絶縁材料を設けることで光の利用効率を上げることが可能となるといった利点がある。 Further, in the device 1, the insulating layer 22 and the electrode layer 23 may have overlapping portions. Since the electrode in the electrode layer 23 has an air gap between the electrodes, this portion is an air layer, which may increase the difference in refractive index and reduce the light utilization efficiency due to light reflection or the like. Therefore, by providing the insulating material of the insulating layer 22 in the gap between the electrodes, there is an advantage that the utilization efficiency of light can be increased.
また本装置１において複数の発光層２は、上記の通り、透明基板３を挟んで積層されている。ここで透明基板とは絶縁性の基板であって、発光層２の間隔を確実に一定間隔として保持することができるものである。透明基板３の材質としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、例えばガラス基板、透明な樹脂基板であることが好ましいが、ガラス基板であることは強度確保の観点からより好ましい。 Further, in the device 1, the plurality of light emitting layers 2 are stacked with the transparent substrate 3 interposed therebetween as described above. Here, the transparent substrate is an insulating substrate, and the distance between the light emitting layers 2 can be reliably maintained as a constant distance. The material of the transparent substrate 3 is not particularly limited. For example, a glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate is preferable, but a glass substrate is more preferable from the viewpoint of securing strength.
また、本装置１において透明基板３の厚さとしては適宜調整可能であり限定されるわけではないが、１０μｍ以上５ｍｍ以下の範囲であることが好ましく、より好ましくは２ｍｍ以下である。この範囲とすることで、無機ＥＬ層間を近傍とし、立体的に画素を配置することができるようになる。 The thickness of the transparent substrate 3 in the device 1 can be appropriately adjusted and is not limited. However, the thickness is preferably in the range of 10 μm to 5 mm, and more preferably 2 mm or less. By setting this range, it is possible to arrange the pixels three-dimensionally, with the inorganic EL layers in the vicinity.
また、本装置１において「透明」とは、入射された光のうち多くの割合の光を透過させることをいう。本装置１においては、多数の発光層、透明基板を平行に配置するものであるため、一つ一つが高い光透過性を備えており、上記複数の透明基板と組み合わされた状態においても十分な光透過性を備えているものであればよい。この場合、例えば可視領域、その具体的な波長として６００ｎｍの光が入射された場合、６０％以上透過する状態であることが好ましく、より好ましくは７０％、更に好ましくは８０％以上である。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, “transparent” refers to transmitting a large proportion of the incident light. In this device 1, since a large number of light emitting layers and transparent substrates are arranged in parallel, each one has high light transmittance, and it is sufficient even in a state of being combined with the plurality of transparent substrates. What is necessary is just to have light transmittance. In this case, for example, in the visible region, when light having a wavelength of 600 nm is incident as the specific wavelength, it is preferable to transmit 60% or more, more preferably 70%, still more preferably 80% or more.
また、本装置１において、全体の形状は三次元的な形状を備えている限りにおいて限定されるわけではないが、上記の図で示すような立方体であってもよいが、これに限られず多面体であってもよい。また、多面体だけではなく、曲面を備えた多数の面を備える立体形状、例えば円柱形状であってもよい。 Further, in the present device 1, the entire shape is not limited as long as it has a three-dimensional shape, but may be a cube as shown in the above figure, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be Moreover, not only a polyhedron but three-dimensional shape provided with many surfaces provided with the curved surface, for example, cylindrical shape may be sufficient.
また、本装置１において、正面（透明基板及び発光層の積層方向から見た面）及び背面は既に平滑な面となっている一方、それ以外の面（側面等）については平滑となっていない場合がある。そのため、本装置１では、観測面となりうる面が平滑となるよう構成されていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、凹凸による光の散乱を抑え、表示をより明確にすることが可能となる。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, while the front surface (the surface viewed from the stacking direction of the transparent substrate and the light emitting layer) and the back surface are already smooth, the other surfaces (side surface etc.) are not smooth. There is a case. Therefore, in the present apparatus 1, it is preferable that the surface that can be the observation surface be configured to be smooth. By doing this, it is possible to suppress the scattering of light due to the unevenness and to make the display clearer.
また、本装置１において、三次元ディスプレイとしては、尖った角が存在すると当該面により違和感を感じやすくなる。そのため、本装置１では尖った角部を丸くしておく処理を施しておくことが好ましい。 Further, in the present device 1, as a three-dimensional display, when a sharp corner is present, the face makes the user feel uncomfortable. Therefore, in the present apparatus 1, it is preferable to perform processing for rounding the sharp corner.
また、本装置１では、多面を備えているが、複数の面に上記発光層の制御装置を接続してしまうと視野が狭くなるといった課題がある。そのため、多数の面のうちの一面において接続端子２４が設けられており、この面で接続端子２４が制御装置４に接続されていることが好ましい。この場合のイメージ図を図３に示しておく。 Further, although the device 1 has multiple faces, there is a problem that the visual field becomes narrow if the control device of the light emitting layer is connected to a plurality of faces. Therefore, it is preferable that the connection terminal 24 is provided on one of the many surfaces, and the connection terminal 24 is connected to the control device 4 on this surface. An image of this case is shown in FIG.
また、本装置１では、上記制御装置４及び接続端子２４を隠しておくことが好ましく、例えば、この発光層及び透明基板（発光部）を指示する支持体５内に収納しておくことが好ましい。このようにすることで、不要な構成をコンパクトにまとめることが可能となる。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, it is preferable to hide the control device 4 and the connection terminal 24. For example, it is preferable to store the light emitting layer and the transparent substrate (light emitting portion) in the support 5 for instructing . By doing this, it is possible to make the unnecessary configuration compact.
ところで、本装置１では、上記図で示す通り、多数の基板３を積層することにより三次元ディスプレイ装置を実現している一方で、接続端子２４の厚みを無視することができない場合が少なくない。具体的に説明すると、接続端子は、一般に、柔軟なプラスチック基板上に電極が形成されたもので構成されており、プラスチック基板自体に厚みがある。特に、発光層２の厚さに比べて十分に接続端子が厚い場合は工夫が必要となる。このような場合、例えば、接続端子２４の厚さ（プラスチック基板の厚さ）よりも厚いカバーガラスを挟んで積層してもよいし、また、図４で示すように、接続端子をスペーサーとしてカバーガラスがない状態で配置してもよいし、更には、図５で示すように、複数の基板を、接続端子が配置される分だけ確保しながら、階段状にずらしながら配置し、この段差部分において接続端子を配置するようにしてもよい。このようにすることで、より多くの基板をより薄い厚さで配置することが可能となりカバーガラスを設けずとも十分な分透過性を確保することができる。 By the way, in this device 1, as shown in the above-mentioned figure, while a three-dimensional display device is realized by laminating a large number of substrates 3, there are many cases where the thickness of the connection terminal 24 can not be ignored. Specifically, the connection terminal is generally formed of a flexible plastic substrate on which an electrode is formed, and the plastic substrate itself is thick. In particular, when the connection terminal is sufficiently thick as compared with the thickness of the light emitting layer 2, a device is required. In such a case, for example, a cover glass thicker than the thickness of the connection terminal 24 (the thickness of the plastic substrate) may be sandwiched, or, as shown in FIG. It may be arranged without glass, and furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of substrates are arranged while being shifted in a step-like manner while securing the connection terminals, and this step portion The connection terminals may be arranged in In this way, it is possible to arrange more substrates with a thinner thickness, and sufficient transparency can be ensured without providing a cover glass.
また、上記の例の他、本装置１では、更に、図６で示すように、発光層２とこれを支える透明基板３の組をより大きな間隙を設けて積層させるため側面側に（発光層が形成される面に対して垂直な面に沿って）、これら透明基板３間の距離を一定に固定するための補強部材６を備えていることも好ましい。このようにすることで、より少ない数の発光層２及び透明基板３でも解像度を得られれば省電力となり、また、光量の損失を抑えることができる。さらに、接続する接続端子の数を減らすことが可能となり、接続端子に必要な体積分を削減することが可能となる。なお、補強部材６としては、所定の強度を得ることができるものである限りにおいて限定されるわけではないが、金属部材であってもよく、ガラスなどの透明部材であってもよい。特にガラスなどの透明部材を設けることで側面側においても十分な側面表示を得ることが可能となる。なお、本装置１について実際に製作し、その効果を確認した。この作成した装置の写真図を図７、８に示しておく。本図の例では、発光層２及び透明基板３の組を１０組として設け、この側面側において補強材により補強した。この結果、枚数が少ない場合であっても十分な三次元的表示を行うことができていることを確認した。 In addition to the above-described example, in the present device 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the set of the light emitting layer 2 and the transparent substrate 3 supporting the light emitting layer 2 is stacked on the side surface side to provide a larger gap. It is also preferable to provide a reinforcing member 6 for fixing the distance between the transparent substrates 3 at a constant distance (along a plane perpendicular to the plane on which the lens is formed). By doing so, power can be saved if resolution can be obtained even with a smaller number of light emitting layers 2 and transparent substrates 3, and loss of light quantity can be suppressed. Further, the number of connection terminals to be connected can be reduced, and the volume integration required for the connection terminals can be reduced. The reinforcing member 6 is not limited as long as it can obtain predetermined strength, but may be a metal member or a transparent member such as glass. In particular, by providing a transparent member such as glass, it is possible to obtain a sufficient side display even on the side. The device 1 was actually manufactured, and the effect was confirmed. Photographs of the created apparatus are shown in FIGS. In the example of this figure, the set of the light emitting layer 2 and the transparent substrate 3 was provided as 10 sets, and it reinforced by the reinforcing material in this side side. As a result, it was confirmed that sufficient three-dimensional display could be performed even when the number of sheets was small.
以上、本発明によって、より簡便な構成で信頼性の高い三次元ディスプレイ装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable three-dimensional display device with a simpler configuration.
本発明は、三次元ディスプレイ装置として産業上の利用可能性がある。 The present invention has industrial applicability as a three-dimensional display device.
Claims (7)
前記多数の面のうち一面において接続端子が設けられており、前記接続端子が制御装置に接続されてなる請求項１記載の三次元ディスプレイ装置。 Three-dimensional shape with many faces,
The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein a connection terminal is provided on one of the plurality of surfaces, and the connection terminal is connected to a control device.
Each of the pair of electrode layers has a structure in which a plurality of strip-like electrodes are arranged in parallel, and the extension direction is substantially orthogonal to the other electrode layer, and a passive display device using a portion overlapping with each other as a pixel The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1.
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