JP2019115932A - Hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of mold - Google Patents

Hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of mold Download PDF

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JP2019115932A
JP2019115932A JP2018240867A JP2018240867A JP2019115932A JP 2019115932 A JP2019115932 A JP 2019115932A JP 2018240867 A JP2018240867 A JP 2018240867A JP 2018240867 A JP2018240867 A JP 2018240867A JP 2019115932 A JP2019115932 A JP 2019115932A
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mass
hydraulic composition
mold
cement
inorganic binder
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JP7162522B2 (en
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祐輔 石井
Yusuke Ishii
祐輔 石井
嘉史 扇
Yoshifumi Ogi
嘉史 扇
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06Aluminous cements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00181Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00939Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for the fabrication of moulds or cores

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a hydraulic composition for an addition manufacturing apparatus being excellent in strength development property, in particular early strength development property, and hardly generating defects due to a bad gas and bad graphite spheroidization in the manufacture of a mold.SOLUTION: A hydraulic composition for an addition manufacturing apparatus contains 28-60 pts.mass of water and sand to total 100 pts.mass of a composite binder containing 1-12 pts.mass of polyvinyl alcohol to total 100 pts.mass of an inorganic binder. A manufacturing method of a mold molding the mold by using the addition manufacturing apparatus and the hydraulic composition for the addition manufacturing apparatus is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、早期強度発現性が高く、ガス(揮発分)の発生が少ない、付加製造装置(3Dプリンタ)用水硬性組成物と、該組成物を用いた鋳型の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing apparatus (3D printer) having high early strength development and less generation of gas (volatile component), and a method of manufacturing a mold using the composition.

鋳造は、溶融した金属を鋳型に注入して鋳物を製造する伝統的な金属加工法である。この鋳造に用いる自硬性鋳型は、使用する粘結材(結合材)に応じて有機系と無機系があり、このうち無機系は、主に水ガラス系とセメント系がある。ただし、セメント系自硬性鋳型は、鋳込み温度によっては、含まれる石膏が熱分解してガスが発生し、鋳物に欠陥が生じ、美観や機能が損なわれる。また、この鋳型の製造は、模型や木型の作製が前工程として必須であるが、この前工程には時間とコストがかかる。
そこで、鋳物の美観等が損なわれず、該前工程が不要な鋳型の製造手段が望まれる。
Casting is a traditional metalworking method in which molten metal is poured into a mold to produce a casting. The self-hardening molds used for this casting are organic and inorganic, depending on the caking agent (binder) to be used. Among these, inorganics are mainly water glass and cement. However, in the cement-based self-hardening mold, depending on the casting temperature, the contained gypsum is thermally decomposed to generate a gas, causing a defect in the casting, and the appearance and the function are impaired. In addition, although the production of the mold requires the production of a model or a wood mold as a pre-process, this pre-process takes time and cost.
Then, the aesthetics etc. of a casting are not impaired but the manufacturing method of the casting_mold | template which does not need this front-end process is desired.

ところで、最近、付加製造装置が、迅速かつ精密な成形手段として注目されている。この付加製造装置のうち、例えば、粉末積層成形装置は、粉末を平面の上に敷き詰めた後、該粉末に水性バインダを噴射して固化した固化物を、垂直方向に順次積層して成形する装置である。この装置の特徴は、3次元CAD等で作成した立体成形のデータを多数の水平面に分割し、これらの水平面の形状を順次積層して、成形体を製造する点にある。
そこで、前記装置を用いて鋳型を製造できれば、前記の前工程は不要になり、作業時間とコストを削減できると期待される。
By the way, recently, the additive manufacturing apparatus has attracted attention as a rapid and precise forming means. Among the additional manufacturing apparatuses, for example, a powder lamination molding apparatus is an apparatus that forms a solidified product, which is obtained by laying a powder on a flat surface and then injecting an aqueous binder onto the powder to solidify, sequentially laminating in the vertical direction It is. The feature of this device is that the data of three-dimensional molding created by three-dimensional CAD or the like is divided into a large number of horizontal surfaces, and the shapes of these horizontal surfaces are sequentially laminated to produce a molded body.
Therefore, if the mold can be manufactured using the above-mentioned apparatus, it is expected that the above-mentioned pre-process becomes unnecessary and the working time and cost can be reduced.

例えば、特許文献1には、粉末積層成形法に適した付加製造装置用水硬性組成物として、珪砂、オリビン砂、および人工砂等の耐火砂に、速硬セメントを15〜50%配合して混練(混合)した材料に、水性バインダを加えて固化・積層して成形体を得る技術が開示されている。ここで、粉末積層成形法とは、積載台(台座)の上に置いた粉体材料の所定の範囲に、インクジェット等のノズルを通して成形液を滴下または噴霧して固化し、逐次、固化した層を積層して所望の形状を成形する方法である。
この結合材噴射法を用いて製造した成形体は、製造直後の運搬時の破損を防止して、製造量や良品を確保するためには、早期強度発現性が高く、かつ鋳物の製造時においても高い強度が求められる。
また、特許文献2に記載の成形用材料は、骨材と、該骨材を結着させるバインダである粉状前駆体とを混合した粉末固着積層法用の成形用材料であって、前記骨材の含有率は70重量%以上であり、前記粉状前駆体はセメント等である。
For example, in Patent Document 1, 15 to 50% of quick-hardening cement is blended with fireproof sand such as silica sand, olivine sand, and artificial sand as a hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing apparatus suitable for a powder lamination molding method and kneaded. There is disclosed a technology for obtaining a molded body by adding an aqueous binder to the (mixed) material, solidifying and laminating. Here, the powder lamination molding method is a layer in which a molding liquid is dropped or sprayed through a nozzle such as an ink jet to solidify in a predetermined range of powder material placed on a loading table (base), and successively solidified Are laminated to form a desired shape.
In order to prevent breakage during transportation immediately after production and to ensure production quantity and non-defective products, molded articles produced using this bonding material injection method have high early strength development, and at the time of production of castings. Also high strength is required.
Further, the molding material described in Patent Document 2 is a molding material for a powder adhering and laminating method in which an aggregate and a powdery precursor which is a binder for binding the aggregate are mixed, and the bone The content of the material is 70% by weight or more, and the powdery precursor is cement or the like.

しかし、石膏を比較的多く含む前記成形用材料を鋳型に用いると、高温下で硫黄酸化物等のガスが発生してブローホール等の欠陥が生じ易く、また黒鉛の球状化阻害による欠陥が生じる場合がある。一方、石膏を多く含まないセメントでは、充分な早期強度発現性が得られ難い。
このように、セメント系材料を付加製造装置用の鋳型製造用材料として用いた場合、硫黄酸化物等のガスや黒鉛球状化不良による鋳造欠陥の発生防止と、早期強度発現性を両立させることは困難であった。
However, when the molding material containing a relatively large amount of gypsum is used as a mold, a gas such as sulfur oxide is generated at a high temperature to easily cause defects such as blow holes, and defects due to inhibition of spheroidization of graphite occur. There is a case. On the other hand, in cement which does not contain much gypsum, it is difficult to obtain sufficient early strength development.
As described above, when cement-based material is used as a mold production material for an additional production apparatus, it is possible to simultaneously prevent the occurrence of casting defects due to a gas such as sulfur oxide or graphite spheroidization failure and early strength development. It was difficult.

特開2011−51010号公報JP, 2011-51010, A 特開2010−110802号公報JP, 2010-110802, A

そこで、本発明は、強度発現性、とくに早期強度発現性が高く、鋳物の製造においてガスや黒鉛球状化不良による欠陥の発生が少ない、付加製造装置用水硬性組成物等を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic composition and the like for an additional manufacturing apparatus, which exhibits high strength development, particularly high early strength development, and less defects due to gas or graphite spheroidization defects in casting manufacture. Do.

本発明者は、前記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、カルシウムアルミネート等の無機結合材、ポリビニルアルコール、および水等を特定割合で含む付加製造装置用水硬性組成物は、前記目的を達成できることを見い出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明は、下記の構成を有する付加製造装置用水硬性組成物等である。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventor of the present invention achieves the above object by a hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device containing an inorganic binder such as calcium aluminate, polyvinyl alcohol, and water in a specific ratio. We have found what we can do to complete the present invention.
That is, the present invention is a hydraulic composition etc. for an additional manufacturing apparatus having the following constitution.

[1]無機結合材100質量部に対しポリビニルアルコールを1〜12質量部含む複合結合材の合計100質量部に対し、さらに、水を28〜60質量部、および砂を含有する、付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[2]前記無機結合材が、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、カルシウムアルミネート類を50〜100質量%含む、前記[1]に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[3]前記無機結合材が、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、石膏を0.5〜5.0質量%含む、前記[1]または[2]に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[4]前記無機結合材が、さらに速硬セメントを含む、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[5]材齢3日における揮発分が5.5質量%以下である、前記[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[6]前記ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度が80〜90モル%である、前記[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[7]前記ポリビニルアルコールの平均粒径が150μm以下である、前記[1]〜[6]のいずれかに記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。
[8]付加製造装置と前記[1]〜[7]のいずれかに記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物を用いて鋳型を成形する、鋳型の製造方法。
[9]前記鋳型の養生温度が10〜80℃である、前記[8]に記載の鋳型の製造方法。
[1] An additive manufacturing apparatus further comprising 28 to 60 parts by mass of water and sand with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the composite binder containing 1 to 12 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol per 100 parts by mass of the inorganic binder Hydraulic composition.
[2] The hydraulic composition for addition production devices according to the above [1], wherein the inorganic binder contains 50 to 100 mass% of calcium aluminates, based on 100 mass% of the entire inorganic binder.
[3] The hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the inorganic binder contains 0.5% to 5.0% by mass of gypsum based on 100% by mass of the entire inorganic binder. .
[4] The hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein the inorganic binder further contains a quick-hardening cement.
[5] The hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the volatile content at a material age of 3 days is 5.5% by mass or less.
[6] The hydraulic composition for an addition manufacturing device according to any one of the above [1] to [5], wherein the degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol is 80 to 90 mol%.
[7] The hydraulic composition for an addition manufacturing device according to any one of the above [1] to [6], wherein the average particle diameter of the polyvinyl alcohol is 150 μm or less.
[8] A method for producing a mold, which molds a mold using the additive production apparatus and the hydraulic composition for additive production apparatus according to any one of the above [1] to [7].
[9] The method for producing a mold according to the above [8], wherein the curing temperature of the mold is 10 to 80 ° C.

本発明の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物は、強度発現性、とくに早期強度発現性が高く、鋳物の製造においてガス(揮発分)の発生や黒鉛球状化不良による欠陥の発生が少ない。   The hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device according to the present invention has high strength development, particularly high early strength development, and less generation of gas (volatile component) and defects due to defects of graphite spheroidization in the production of castings.

本発明は、前記のとおり、無機結合材100質量部に対しポリビニルアルコールを1〜12質量部含む複合結合材の合計100質量部に対し、さらに、水を28〜60質量部、および砂を含有する、付加製造装置用水硬性組成物(以下「水硬性組成物」と略記することもある。)等である。以下、本発明について、無機結合材、複合結合材、水硬性組成物、および鋳型の製造方法に分けて説明する。   As described above, the present invention further contains 28 to 60 parts by mass of water and sand, based on 100 parts by mass of the inorganic binder per 100 parts by mass of the composite binder containing 1 to 12 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol. And a hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing apparatus (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "hydraulic composition") and the like. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described separately for the inorganic binder, the composite binder, the hydraulic composition, and the method for producing a mold.

1.無機結合材
前記無機結合材は、下記カルシウムアルミネート類から選ばれる1種以上を必須成分として含み、さらに、石膏、および速硬セメント等を任意成分として含む結合材である。
次に、カルシウムアルミネート類、石膏、および速硬セメント等に分けて詳細に説明する。
1. Inorganic Binder The inorganic binder is a binder which contains at least one selected from the following calcium aluminates as an essential component, and further contains gypsum, quick-hardening cement, etc. as an optional component.
Next, calcium aluminates, gypsum, quick-hardening cement and the like will be separately described in detail.

(1)カルシウムアルミネート類
前記カルシウムアルミネート類は、3CaO・Al、2CaO・Al、12CaO・7Al、5CaO・3Al、CaO・Al、3CaO・5Al、またはCaO・2Al等のカルシウムアルミネート;2CaO・Al・Fe、または4CaO・Al・Fe等のカルシウムアルミノフェライト;カルシウムアルミネートにハロゲンが固溶または置換した3CaO・3Al・CaF、および11CaO・7Al・CaF2等のカルシウムフロロアルミネートを含むカルシウムハロアルミネート;8CaO・NaO・3Al、および3CaO・2NaO・5Al等のカルシウムナトリウムアルミネート;カルシウムリチウムアルミネート;アルミナセメント;さらにこれらにNa、K、Li、Ti、Fe、Mg、Cr、P、F、S等の微量元素(酸化物等含む。)が固溶した鉱物から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
これらの無機結合材の中でも、強度発現性が高く、鋳型として使用する際にはガスの発生が少ないから、カルシウムアルミネートが好ましく、特に、非晶質カルシウムアルミネートが好ましい。非晶質カルシウムアルミネートは、原料を溶融した後、急冷して製造するから、実質的に結晶構造を有せず、通常、そのガラス化率は80%以上であり、ガラス化率が高い程、早期強度発現性は高いため、ガラス化率は好ましくは90%以上である。
(1) Calcium aluminates wherein the calcium aluminates may, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3, 2CaO · Al 2 O 3, 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3, 5CaO · 3Al 2 O 3, CaO · Al 2 O 3, 3CaO · 5Al 2 O 3, or calcium aluminate such as CaO · 2Al 2 O 3,; 2CaO · Al 2 O 3 · Fe 2 O 3 , or calcium alumino ferrite etc. 4CaO · Al 2 O 3 · Fe 2 O 3,; calcium calcium halophosphate aluminate containing calcium fluoroalkyl aluminate such as 3CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 · CaF 2, and 11CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 · CaF 2 halogen is dissolved or substituted aluminate; 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3, and 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 Calcium sodium aluminate; calcium lithium aluminate; alumina cement; and additionally, trace elements (including oxides, etc.) such as Na, K, Li, Ti, Fe, Mg, Cr, P, F, S etc. Or more selected from mineral minerals.
Among these inorganic binders, calcium aluminate is preferable, and amorphous calcium aluminate is particularly preferable, because it has high strength development and little gas generation when used as a template. Since amorphous calcium aluminate is produced by melting and quenching the raw material, it has substantially no crystal structure, and the vitrification rate is usually 80% or more, and the higher the vitrification rate Since the early strength development is high, the vitrification rate is preferably 90% or more.

カルシウムアルミネート類のCaO/Alのモル比は、好ましくは1.5〜3.0、より好ましくは1.7〜2.4である。該モル比が1.5以上で水硬性組成物の早期強度発現性が高く、3.0以下で水硬性組成物の耐熱性が高い。
また、カルシウムアルミネート類のブレーン比表面積(JIS R 5201に規定する粉末度)は、充分な早期強度発現性を得るとともに粉塵の発生を抑制するために、好ましくは1000〜6000cm/g、より好ましくは1500〜5000cm/gである。なお、カルシウムアルミネート類のブレーン比表面積は、付加製造装置での敷きならしが均一で、かつ、鋳型の強度が低下しないためには、さらに好ましくは1500〜4000cm/g、特に好ましくは2000〜3000cm/gである。
無機結合材中のカルシウムアルミネート類の含有率は50〜100質量%が好ましい。。該値が50質量%以上であれば、水硬性組成物の早期強度発現性と耐熱性が高い。なお、該値は、好ましくは60〜100質量%、より好ましくは70〜100質量%、さらに好ましくは80〜95質量%である。なお、前記のとおり、カルシウムアルミネート類の中でも非晶質カルシウムアルミネートが好ましい。
The molar ratio of calcium aluminates to CaO / Al 2 O 3 is preferably 1.5 to 3.0, more preferably 1.7 to 2.4. When the molar ratio is 1.5 or more, the early development of the strength of the hydraulic composition is high, and when it is 3.0 or less, the heat resistance of the hydraulic composition is high.
Also, in order to obtain sufficient early strength development and to suppress the generation of dust, the brane specific surface area (powder degree specified in JIS R 5201) of calcium aluminates is preferably 1000 to 6000 cm 2 / g, more preferably Preferably it is 1500-5000 cm < 2 > / g. The brane specific surface area of the calcium aluminates is more preferably 1500 to 4000 cm 2 / g, particularly preferably 2000, in order to ensure uniform spreading in the addition production apparatus and not to decrease the strength of the mold. It is ~ 3000 cm 2 / g.
The content of calcium aluminates in the inorganic binder is preferably 50 to 100% by mass. . When the value is 50% by mass or more, the early development of strength and heat resistance of the hydraulic composition are high. The value is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 80 to 95% by mass. Among calcium aluminates, amorphous calcium aluminate is preferred as described above.

(2)石膏
前記無機結合材は、早期強度発現性のさらなる向上のため、さらに石膏を任意成分として含んでもよい。前記石膏は、無水石膏、半水石膏、および二水石膏から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。これらの中でも、半水石膏は早期強度発現性がより高いために好ましい。無機結合材中の石膏の含有率は、早期強度発現性を向上させ、鋳物の製造時においてガスの発生や黒鉛球状化不良を防止するため、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、無水石膏換算で、好ましくは0.5〜5.0質量%、より好ましくは0.8〜3.0質量%以下、さらに好ましくは1.0〜2.0質量%以下である。
なお、石膏はセメント中に含まれた状態の石膏でもよい。セメント中の石膏は、一般に、二水石膏と半水石膏の混合物(混合石膏)の形態で存在する。半水石膏は、セメントの粉砕により発生する熱により、二水石膏から脱水して生じるため、半水石膏と二水石膏の含有比率は粉砕条件の影響を受け変動する。
(2) Gypsum The inorganic binder may further contain gypsum as an optional component in order to further improve early strength development. Examples of the gypsum include one or more selected from anhydrite, hemihydrate gypsum, and dihydrate gypsum. Among these, hemihydrate gypsum is preferable because it has higher early strength development. The content of gypsum in the inorganic binder improves the early development of strength and prevents the generation of gas and defects in the spheroidization of graphite at the time of production of castings. Preferably it is 0.5-5.0 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.8-3.0 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 1.0-2.0 mass% or less.
The gypsum may be gypsum contained in cement. Gypsum in cement is generally present in the form of a mixture of gypsum dihydrate and gypsum hemihydrate (mixed gypsum). Since the hemihydrate gypsum is generated by dewatering from dihydrate gypsum by the heat generated by the grinding of cement, the content ratio of hemihydrate gypsum and dihydrate gypsum fluctuates under the influence of the milling conditions.

(3)速硬セメント
前記無機結合材は、早期強度発現性のさらなる向上のため、速硬セメント(超速硬セメント)を任意成分として含むことができ、好ましくは、JIS R 5210に準拠して測定した凝結(始発)が30分以内である速硬セメント(超速硬セメント)、または止水セメントである。なお、速硬セメント等の市販品は、スーパージェットセメント(太平洋セメント社製)、ジェットセメント(住友大阪セメント社製)、ライオンシスイ(登録商標、住友大阪セメント社製)、またはデンカスーパーセメント(デンカ社製)が挙げられる。石膏を含む速硬セメントは、早期強度発現性が高く、少量の石膏の添加が容易となるため好ましい。
無機結合材中の速硬セメントの含有率は、早期強度発現性を向上させ、鋳型として使用する際にはガスの発生量を少なくするため、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、好ましくは0〜50質量%、より好ましくは0〜30質量%、さらに好ましくは5〜20質量%である。
(3) Rapid Hardening Cement The inorganic binder can contain rapid curing cement (super rapid curing cement) as an optional component for further improvement of early strength development, and is preferably measured according to JIS R 5210. It is quick-hardening cement (super rapid-hardening cement) or water-stopping cement whose set (initial development) is within 30 minutes. In addition, commercial products such as quick-hardening cement are Super Jet Cement (manufactured by Pacific Cement Co., Ltd.), Jet Cement (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd.), Lion Shisui (registered trademark, manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd.), or Denka Super Cement (Denka Super Cement). Company company). Fast-hardening cement containing gypsum is preferable because it exhibits high early strength development and facilitates addition of a small amount of gypsum.
The content of quick-hardening cement in the inorganic binder improves early development of strength and reduces the amount of gas generation when used as a mold, so the entire inorganic binder is preferably 100% by mass, preferably 0. It is 50 mass%, More preferably, it is 0-30 mass%, More preferably, it is 5-20 mass%.

(4)無機結合材中のその他の成分
前記無機結合材は、その他の成分(任意成分)としてセメントを含んでもよい。
該セメントは、JIS R 5210に準拠して測定した凝結(始発)が、3時間30分以内であれば、成形から3時間後の早期強度発現性が高いため好ましく、さらに1時間以内がより好ましい。
セメントは、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメント、白色ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、およびセメントクリンカー粉末から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。なお、本発明では、セメントクリンカー粉末もセメントに含める。
また、セメント中の珪酸カルシウムの含有率は、セメント全体を100質量%として、好ましくは25質量%以上である。該含有率が25質量%以上あれば、材齢1日以後の強度発現性が高く、さらに長期強度発現性が必要な場合、該含有率は、好ましくは45質量%以上である。
無機結合材中のセメントの含有率は、早期強度発現性の向上のため、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、好ましくは0〜50質量%、より好ましくは0〜30質量%、さらに好ましくは0〜20質量%である。
(4) Other components in inorganic binder The inorganic binder may contain cement as another component (optional component).
The cement is preferable if the setting (starting) measured according to JIS R 5210 is within 3 hours and 30 minutes, because the early strength development after 3 hours from molding is high, and more preferably within 1 hour .
The cement may be one or more selected from ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderate-heat Portland cement, low-thermal Portland cement, white Portland cement, eco cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, and cement clinker powder. In the present invention, cement clinker powder is also included in cement.
Moreover, the content rate of the calcium silicate in cement makes the whole cement 100 mass%, Preferably it is 25 mass% or more. If the content is 25% by mass or more, strength development after 1 day of material age is high, and if long-term strength development is required, the content is preferably 45% by mass or more.
The content of cement in the inorganic binder is preferably 0 to 50 mass%, more preferably 0 to 30 mass%, and still more preferably 100 mass% of the entire inorganic binder for the improvement of early strength development. It is 0-20 mass%.

2.複合結合材
前記複合結合材は、無機結合材100質量部に対しポリビニルアルコールを1〜12質量部含む結合材である。ポリビニルアルコールの配合割合が1質量部未満では、強度の向上効果は低く、また、12質量部を越えると、形状によっては成形体の収縮により変形やひび割れが生じ、複雑な形状の鋳型が製造できない場合があるほか、鋳物を製造する際にガスが発生して鋳物にブローホール等の欠陥が生じたり、製造現場で異臭が生じる場合がある。なお、ポリビニルアルコールの配合割合は、無機結合材100質量部に対し、より好ましくは2〜10質量部、さらに好ましくは3〜9質量部である。
前記ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度は、溶解性が高く強度が高いことから、好ましくは80〜90モル%である。
また、ポリビニルアルコールの平均粒径(メディアン径、D50)は、高い強度が得られるため、好ましくは150μm以下、より好ましくは90μm以下、さらに好ましく10〜75μmである。また、94μmより大きいポリビニルアルコールの粒子の含有率は、好ましくは90質量%以下、より好ましくは45質量%以下、さらに好ましくは30質量%以下である。77μmより大きいポリビニルアルコールの粒子の含有率は、好ましくは90質量%以下、より好ましくは60質量%以下、さらに好ましくは50質量%以下である。
2. Composite binder The composite binder is a binder containing 1 to 12 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol with respect to 100 parts by mass of the inorganic binder. If the blending ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is less than 1 part by mass, the strength improvement effect is low, and if it exceeds 12 parts by mass, depending on the shape, the shrinkage of the molded product may cause deformation or cracking, and a mold having a complicated shape can not be manufactured. In addition, there are cases where gas is generated when manufacturing a casting to cause defects such as blow holes in the casting or an offensive odor at the manufacturing site. The blending ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is more preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass, and still more preferably 3 to 9 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the inorganic binder.
The degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 80 to 90 mol% because it has high solubility and high strength.
The average particle diameter (median diameter, D50) of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 150 μm or less, more preferably 90 μm or less, and still more preferably 10 to 75 μm because high strength can be obtained. In addition, the content of particles of polyvinyl alcohol larger than 94 μm is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less. The content of particles of polyvinyl alcohol larger than 77 μm is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, and still more preferably 50% by mass or less.

3.水硬性組成物
前記水硬性組成物は、前記複合結合材の合計100質量部に対し、水を28〜60質量部、および砂を含む組成物である。水の配合割合が該範囲であれば、強度発現性を確保できる。なお、水の配合割合は、鋳型の強度と寸法精度をより高める観点から、好ましくは30〜55質量部、より好ましくは32〜46質量部である。
また、砂の配合割合は、複合結合材100質量部に対し、好ましくは100〜600質量部、より好ましくは150〜500質量部、さらに好ましくは200〜400質量部である。砂の配合割合が該範囲にあれば、同じく、強度発現性を確保できる。
前記砂は、耐火砂であれば、特に制限されず、珪砂、オリビン砂、ジルコン砂、クロマイト砂、アルミナ砂、および人工砂等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。また、前記水は、通常の上水道水や井戸水等を用いることができる。また、水は、必要とされる各種の機能を付与するため、増粘剤、潤滑剤、流動化剤、界面活性剤、および表面張力低減剤から選ばれる1種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
また、前記水硬性組成物を用いた材齢3日の成形体の揮発分は、好ましくは5.5質量%以下、より好ましくは5.0質量%以下、さらに好ましくは4.5質量%以下である。強熱減量が5.5質量%以下であれば、鋳物にブローホール等の欠陥が生じることはない。ここで、前記揮発分は、鋳型として使用するときのガスの発生量の指標であり、水分や硫黄分等を含む。また、揮発分は鋳型として使用する時に測定すればよいが、養生終了時や、より厳しく管理する場合、好ましくは3日間養生後、より好ましくは3時間養生後に測定する。
3. Hydraulic composition The hydraulic composition is a composition comprising 28 to 60 parts by mass of water and sand with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the composite binder. If the mixing ratio of water is in the above range, strength development can be ensured. In addition, the compounding ratio of water is preferably 30 to 55 parts by mass, more preferably 32 to 46 parts by mass from the viewpoint of further enhancing the strength and dimensional accuracy of the mold.
In addition, the blending ratio of sand is preferably 100 to 600 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 500 parts by mass, and still more preferably 200 to 400 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the composite binder. If the blending ratio of sand is within the above range, similarly, strength development can be secured.
The sand is not particularly limited as long as it is refractory sand, and one or more types selected from silica sand, olivine sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, alumina sand, artificial sand and the like can be mentioned. As the water, normal tap water, well water and the like can be used. In addition, even if water is used in combination with one or more selected from thickeners, lubricants, fluidizers, surfactants, and surface tension reducing agents in order to impart various functions required. Good.
The volatile content of molded articles of 3 days old using the hydraulic composition is preferably 5.5% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 4.5% by mass or less It is. If the ignition loss is 5.5% by mass or less, defects such as blow holes do not occur in the casting. Here, the volatile matter is an index of the amount of gas generated when used as a mold, and includes moisture, sulfur and the like. Volatile matter may be measured when used as a mold, but it is preferably measured after curing for 3 days, more preferably after 3 hours for curing, when it is managed more strictly, or when it is more strictly managed.

4.水硬性組成物中のその他の成分
成形後に残った水硬性組成物の未硬化の粉末を、成形体から除去する作業(デパウダー)を容易にするために、本発明の水硬性組成物は、さらに、複合結合材の合計100質量部に対し、任意成分として疎水性フュームドシリカを0.1〜2.0質量部、より好ましくは0.5〜1.5質量部含むことができる。ここで、疎水性フュームドシリカとは、フュームドシリカの表面をシランまたはシロキサンで処理して、表面を疎水性にしたシリカ粉末である。
また、水硬性組成物の粉末の除去効率をより高めるため、疎水性フュームドシリカのBET比表面積は、好ましくは30〜300m/gである。疎水性フュームドシリカのBET比表面積が該範囲内であれば、粉体の流動性が向上し、付加製造装置で敷きならした面が平坦で、かつ強度が低下することなく鋳型を軽量化できる。また、疎水性フュームドシリカは、粉体の固結の防止や混合性の向上に有効である。
4. Other Components in Hydraulic Composition In order to facilitate the operation (depowdering) of removing the uncured powder of the hydraulic composition remaining after molding from the molded body, the hydraulic composition of the present invention further comprises The hydrophobic fumed silica may be contained as an optional component in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the composite binder. Here, the hydrophobic fumed silica is a silica powder in which the surface of fumed silica is treated with silane or siloxane to make the surface hydrophobic.
Moreover, in order to raise the removal efficiency of the powder of a hydraulic composition more, BET specific surface area of hydrophobic fumed silica becomes like this. Preferably it is 30-300 m < 2 > / g. If the BET specific surface area of the hydrophobic fumed silica is within the above range, the flowability of the powder is improved, the surface spread by the additive manufacturing apparatus is flat, and the weight of the mold can be reduced without lowering the strength. . In addition, hydrophobic fumed silica is effective in preventing caking of powder and improving mixing properties.

なお、本発明の水硬性組成物は、さらに、強度発現性の調整材等として、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカフューム、珪石微粉末、および石灰石粉末等の任意成分を含んでもよい。   The hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain optional components such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, fine silica stone powder, and limestone powder as a strength-increasing adjusting material and the like.

5.鋳型の製造方法
該製造方法は、付加製造装置と本発明の水硬性組成物を用いて、鋳型を製造する方法である。付加製造装置は特に限定されず、粉末積層型付加製造装置等の市販品が使用できる。また、水を含む前の水硬性組成物は、前記の成分を市販の混合機または手作業で混合して調製する。なお、結合材として複数の材料を用いる場合、結合材を予め市販の混合機や手作業で混合したり、粉砕機で混合粉砕してもよい。
鋳型の養生方法は、気中養生単独、または気中養生した後に続けて水中養生する方法、または、表面含浸剤養生等がある。これらの中でも、早期強度発現性と鋳物の製造時に発生する水蒸気の抑制の点から、気中養生単独が好ましい。また、カルシウムアルミネート、速硬セメント、およびポリビニルアルコール等による強度増進の点から、気中養生の温度は、好ましくは10〜100℃、より好ましくは30〜80℃である。また、気中養生の相対湿度は、充分な強度発現と生産効率の点から、好ましくは10〜90%、より好ましくは15〜80%、さらに好ましくは20〜60%である。さらに、気中養生時間は、充分な強度発現と生産効率の点から、好ましくは1時間〜1週間、より好ましくは2時間〜5日間、さらに好ましくは3時間〜4日間である。
5. Method for Producing a Mold The production method is a method for producing a mold using an additive production apparatus and the hydraulic composition of the present invention. The additive manufacturing apparatus is not particularly limited, and commercially available products such as a powder laminate type additive manufacturing apparatus can be used. Also, the hydraulic composition prior to containing water is prepared by mixing the above-mentioned components with a commercially available mixer or manually. When a plurality of materials are used as the binder, the binder may be previously mixed by a commercially available mixer or by hand, or may be mixed and pulverized by a grinder.
As a method of curing the mold, there is a method of air curing alone, a method of air curing followed by water curing, or surface impregnation agent curing. Among these, from the viewpoint of early strength development and suppression of water vapor generated at the time of production of castings, air curing alone is preferred. Further, from the viewpoint of strength enhancement by calcium aluminate, quick-hardening cement, polyvinyl alcohol and the like, the temperature of atmospheric curing is preferably 10 to 100 ° C., more preferably 30 to 80 ° C. Further, the relative humidity of atmospheric curing is preferably 10 to 90%, more preferably 15 to 80%, and still more preferably 20 to 60%, in view of sufficient strength expression and production efficiency. Furthermore, the atmospheric curing time is preferably 1 hour to 1 week, more preferably 2 hours to 5 days, and still more preferably 3 hours to 4 days, in view of sufficient strength expression and production efficiency.

養生後に鋳型として使用する時のガスの発生量を減少させるために、水硬性組成物を加熱してもよい。水分を除去するためには、好ましくは100℃以上、より好ましくは200℃以上で加熱する。また、ポリビニルアルコールも除去する場合には、好ましくは400℃以上、より好ましくは600℃以上で加熱する。さらに、セメント中の硫黄酸化物によるガスの発生を防止したい場合、1250℃以上で加熱するとよい。   The hydraulic composition may be heated to reduce the amount of gas evolved when used as a mold after curing. In order to remove moisture, heating is preferably performed at 100 ° C. or more, more preferably 200 ° C. or more. Moreover, when also removing polyvinyl alcohol, Preferably it heats at 400 degreeC or more, More preferably, it is 600 degreeC or more. Furthermore, when it is desired to prevent the generation of gas due to sulfur oxides in cement, it is preferable to heat at 1250 ° C. or higher.

以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されない。
1.使用した材料
(1)カルシウムアルミネート類
(i)非晶質カルシウムアルミネート(略号:CA)
CaO/Alのモル比は2.2、ガラス化率は95%以上、ブレーン比表面積は2040cm/g、試製品である。
(ii)アルミナセメント(略号:AC)
デンカアルミナセメント1号(商品名)、ブレーン比表面積は4570cm/g、デンカ社製である。
(2)速硬セメント
(i)スーパージェットセメント(商品名)、ケイ酸カルシウムの含有率は47質量%、凝結(始発)は30分、ブレーン比表面積は4700cm/gである。ただし、無水石膏を14質量%含む。太平洋セメント社製である。
(ii)止水セメント
ライオンシスイ105(商品名)、住友大阪セメント社製である。
(3)早強ポルトランドセメント
ケイ酸カルシウムの含有率は75質量%、凝結(始発)は30分、ブレーン比表面積は4000cm/g、太平洋セメント社製である。
(4)石膏
天然無水石膏、ブレーン比表面積は7200cm/g、タイ産である。
(5)砂
下記2種類の人工鋳物砂の等量を混合して用いた。
エスパール♯180L(商品名)、アルミナ系、山川産業社製である。
ナイガイセラビーズ#1450(登録商標)、アルミナ系、伊藤忠セラテック社製である。
(6)ポリビニルアルコール
(i)ポリビニルアルコールa
品番は22−88S1(PVA217SS)、クラレ社製である。
ケン化度は87〜89%、平均粒径(メディアン径、D50)は60μm、94μmより大きい粒子の含有率は29質量%、および77μmより大きい粒子の含有率は47質量%であり、10%径(D10)は25μm、および90%径(D90)は121μmである。
(ii)ポリビニルアルコールb
品番はKP18−88S1、クラレ社製である。
ケン化度は87〜89%、平均粒径(メディアン径、D50)は57μm、94μmより大きい粒子の含有率は30質量%、および77μmより大きい粒子の含有率は44質量%であり、10%径(D10)は23μm、および90%径(D90)は123μmである。
(iii)ポリビニルアルコールc
品番は22−88 S1(PVA217S)、クラレ社製である。
ケン化度は87〜89%、平均粒径(メディアン径、D50)113μm、94μmより大きい粒子の含有率は81質量%、および77μmより大きい粒子の含有率は87質量%であり、10%径(D10)は57μm、および90%径(D90)は162μmである。
なお、前記ポリビニルアルコールの粒径は、シリコーンオイルを媒質に用いて島津製作所製SALD-2000Jにより測定した。
(7)水
3質量%のグリセロール水溶液(ProJet660Pro用バインダー液)、スリーディシステム社製である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
1. Materials used (1) Calcium aluminates
(i) Amorphous calcium aluminate (abbreviation: CA)
The molar ratio of CaO / Al 2 O 3 is 2.2, the vitrification ratio is 95% or more, and the Blaine specific surface area is 2040 cm 2 / g.
(ii) Alumina cement (abbreviation: AC)
Denka Alumina Cement No. 1 (trade name), with a specific surface area of 4570 cm 2 / g, manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd.
(2) Quick-hardening cement
(i) Super jet cement (trade name), the content of calcium silicate is 47% by mass, setting (initial) is 30 minutes, and the specific surface area of blaine is 4700 cm 2 / g. However, 14% by mass of anhydrous gypsum is included. Made by Pacific Cement Co., Ltd.
(ii) Water-stopping cement Lion Shisui 105 (trade name) manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd.
(3) Early-Strength Portland Cement The calcium silicate content is 75% by mass, the setting (initial) is 30 minutes, and the brane specific surface area is 4000 cm 2 / g, manufactured by Pacific Cement Co., Ltd.
(4) Plaster Natural anhydrite, brane specific surface area is 7200 cm 2 / g and is from Thailand.
(5) Sand The following two types of artificial casting sand were used in equal amounts by mixing.
Espar # 180 L (trade name), alumina-based, manufactured by Yamakawa Sangyo Co., Ltd.
NAIGAI THERABEADS # 1450 (registered trademark), Alumina-based, Itochu Celatech Co., Ltd.
(6) Polyvinyl alcohol
(i) Polyvinyl alcohol a
The product number is 22-88S1 (PVA 217 SS), manufactured by Kuraray.
The saponification degree is 87 to 89%, the average particle size (median diameter, D50) is 60 μm, the content of particles larger than 94 μm is 29% by mass, and the content of particles larger than 77 μm is 47% by mass, 10% The diameter (D10) is 25 μm, and the 90% diameter (D90) is 121 μm.
(Ii) polyvinyl alcohol b
The product number is KP18-88S1, manufactured by Kuraray.
The saponification degree is 87 to 89%, the average particle size (median diameter, D50) is 57 μm, the content of particles larger than 94 μm is 30% by mass, and the content of particles larger than 77 μm is 44% by mass, 10% The diameter (D10) is 23 μm, and the 90% diameter (D90) is 123 μm.
(Iii) polyvinyl alcohol c
The product number is 22-88 S1 (PVA 217 S), manufactured by Kuraray.
The saponification degree is 87 to 89%, the average particle size (median diameter, D50) 113 μm, the content of particles larger than 94 μm is 81% by mass, and the content of particles larger than 77 μm is 87% by mass, 10% diameter (D10) is 57 μm, and the 90% diameter (D90) is 162 μm.
The particle diameter of the polyvinyl alcohol was measured by SALD-2000J manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation using silicone oil as a medium.
(7) Water A 3% by mass aqueous solution of glycerol (a binder solution for ProJet 660 Pro), manufactured by Sliedy System.

2.水硬性組成物、および供試体の作製
前記非晶質カルシウムアルミネート(CA)90質量部、スーパージェットセメント10質量部、ポリビニルアルコールを表1に示す量、および砂200質量部を混合して、粉体混合物(水を含まない水硬性組成物)を作製した。
次に、該粉体混合物と、付加製造装置として結合剤噴射式粉末積層成形装置(商品名: ProJet660Pro スリーディシステム社製)を用いて、室温(20℃)、相対湿度60%の条件下で、結合剤噴射法により、断面の寸法が縦10mm、横16mm、および長さ80mmの成形体を作製した後、該成形体は20℃、40℃、および60℃で相対湿度30%の条件下で3〜72時間、気中養生して供試体を製造した。
なお、前記装置による成形体の製造では、粉体混合物の所定の位置を選択して、ノズルから装置の水量設定値を調整して、粉体混合物の外部と内部に水を噴射し、粉体混合物を固化した。
また、供試体の揮発分は、養生時間72時間後の供試体を乾燥や粉砕することなく、そのまま1400℃で12時間加熱して加熱前後の供試体の質量を測定して求めた。
2. Preparation of hydraulic composition and specimen 90 parts by mass of the amorphous calcium aluminate (CA), 10 parts by mass of super jet cement, an amount of polyvinyl alcohol shown in Table 1, and 200 parts by mass of sand, A powder mixture (water-free hydraulic composition) was prepared.
Next, using the powder mixture and a binder jet powder lamination molding apparatus (trade name: ProJet 660Pro, manufactured by 3D System Co., Ltd.) as an additional manufacturing apparatus, under the conditions of room temperature (20 ° C.) and relative humidity 60%. After producing a compact having a cross-sectional dimension of 10 mm in length, 16 mm in width and 80 mm in length by the binder injection method, the compact is subjected to conditions of 20 ° C., 40 ° C., and 60 ° C. and 30% relative humidity. The specimens were manufactured by air curing for 3 to 72 hours.
In the manufacture of a molded body by the above apparatus, a predetermined position of the powder mixture is selected, the water amount setting value of the apparatus is adjusted from the nozzle, and water is jetted to the outside and the inside of the powder mixture. The mixture solidified.
The volatile content of the specimen was determined by heating the specimen as it is at 1400 ° C. for 12 hours without drying or crushing the specimen after the aging time of 72 hours and measuring the mass of the specimen before and after heating.

3.供試体の曲げ強度等の測定
次に、前記供試体を用いて、曲げ強度試験機(型番:MODEL-2257、アイコーエンジニアリング社製)により3点曲げ試験を行い、前記供試体の曲げ強度を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、実用性の観点から、目標値として曲げ強度は材齢3時間で1.0N/mm以上、および材齢3日で1.8N/mm以上の範囲を合格(実用的)とした。
表1に示すように、実施例の曲げ強度は基準値を満たすが、比較例の曲げ強度は基準値を満たさない。
3. Measurement of Bending Strength, etc. of the Specimen Next, using the above-mentioned specimen, a three-point bending test is performed by a bending strength tester (model number: MODEL-2257, manufactured by EIKO ENGINEERING CO., LTD.) To measure the bending strength of the specimen. did. The results are shown in Table 1. From the viewpoint of practicality, the target value for bending strength was 1.0N / mm 2 or more at 3 hours of material age and 1.8N / mm 2 or more at 3 days of material age was accepted (practical) .
As shown in Table 1, the bending strength of the example satisfies the reference value, but the bending strength of the comparative example does not satisfy the reference value.

Figure 2019115932
Figure 2019115932

4.水硬性組成物、および供試体の作製
表2の配合に従い、カルシウムアルミネート類、セメント、石膏、ポリビニルアルコールa、および砂を混合して、粉体混合物(水を含まない水硬性組成物)を作製した。
次に、該粉体混合物と、付加製造装置として結合剤噴射式粉末積層造形装置(商品名: ProJet660Pro スリーディシステム社製)を用いて、結合剤噴射法により、断面の寸法が縦10mm、横16mm、および長さ80mmの成形体を作製した後、該成形体は40℃、相対湿度30%の条件下で3〜72時間、気中養生して供試体を製造した。
なお、前記装置による成形体の製造では、粉体混合物の所定の位置を選択して、ノズルから表2に示す装置の水量設定値に従い、供試体の外部と内部に水を噴射し、粉体混合物を固化した。
4. Preparation of hydraulic composition and test body According to the composition of Table 2, calcium aluminates, cement, gypsum, polyvinyl alcohol a, and sand are mixed to obtain a powder mixture (water-free hydraulic composition) Made.
Next, using the powder mixture and a binder injection type powder layer forming apparatus (trade name: ProJet 660Pro, manufactured by 3D System Co., Ltd.) as an additive manufacturing apparatus, the cross section size is 10 mm long and 16 mm wide by a binder injection method. After preparing a molded body of 80 mm in length and 80 mm in length, the molded body was air-cured for 3 to 72 hours under the conditions of 40 ° C. and relative humidity 30% to manufacture a test body.
In the manufacture of a molded body by the above apparatus, a predetermined position of the powder mixture is selected, and water is injected from the nozzle to the outside and the inside of the sample according to the water amount setting value of the apparatus shown in Table 2 The mixture solidified.

5.供試体の曲げ強度等の測定
次に、前記供試体と、曲げ強度試験機(型番:MODEL-2257、アイコーエンジニアリング社製)を用いて3点曲げ試験を行い、前記供試体の曲げ強度を測定した。また、材齢3日における供試体からの揮発分を測定した。その結果を表2に示す。なお、実用性の観点から、目標値として曲げ強度は材齢3時間で1.0N/mm以上、材齢3日以内で1.8N/mm以上を合格(実用的)とした。
表2に示すように、実施例の曲げ強度は基準値を満たし、また、実施例の材齢3日における供試体からの揮発分は全て5.0質量%以下と少なかった。
5. Measurement of Bending Strength, etc. of Specimen Next, a three-point bending test is performed using the above-mentioned specimen and a bending strength tester (model number: MODEL-2257, manufactured by AICO ENGINEERING CO., LTD.) To measure the bending strength of the specimen. did. In addition, volatile matter from the specimen at 3 days of material age was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. From the viewpoint of practicality, flexural strength as a target value the age of 3 hours at 1.0 N / mm 2 or more were deemed passing 1.8 N / mm 2 or more within three days an age (practical).
As shown in Table 2, the bending strengths of the examples satisfied the reference value, and all volatile components from the specimen at the material age of 3 days of the examples were all as low as 5.0 mass% or less.

Figure 2019115932
Figure 2019115932

6.鋳物の作製
さらに、前記実施例7の供試体の作製と同じ配合および製造条件で、大きさ約10cmの湯飲みを製造するための鋳型と中子を作製し、溶融した鋳鉄(注湯温度は約1450℃)を流し込んだ。その結果、鋳込み時にガスが発生せず、表面が平滑な鋳物が作製できた。

6. Further, a mold and a core for producing a water bottle having a size of about 10 cm were produced under the same composition and production conditions as the production of the test body of Example 7 above, and molten cast iron (pouring temperature is about Pour in 1450 ° C). As a result, no gas was generated during casting, and a casting having a smooth surface was produced.

Claims (9)

無機結合材100質量部に対しポリビニルアルコールを1〜12質量部含む複合結合材の合計100質量部に対し、さらに、水を28〜60質量部、および砂を含有する、付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   A hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device, further comprising 28 to 60 parts by mass of water and sand relative to a total of 100 parts by mass of the composite binder containing 1 to 12 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol based on 100 parts by mass of the inorganic binder object. 前記無機結合材が、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、カルシウムアルミネート類を50〜100質量%含む、請求項1に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing devices according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic binder contains 50 to 100 mass% of calcium aluminates, based on 100 mass% of the entire inorganic binder. 前記無機結合材が、無機結合材全体を100質量%として、石膏を0.5〜5.0質量%含む、請求項1または2に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing devices according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic binder contains 0.5 to 5.0% by mass of gypsum based on 100% by mass of the entire inorganic binder. 前記無機結合材が、さらに速硬セメントを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for an additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic binder further contains a quick-hardening cement. 材齢3日における揮発分が5.5質量%以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatuses of any one of Claims 1-4 whose volatile matter in material age 3 is 5.5 mass% or less. 前記ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度が80〜90モル%である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatuses of any one of Claims 1-5 whose saponification degree of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 80-90 mol%. 前記ポリビニルアルコールの平均粒径が150μm以下である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物。   The hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatuses of any one of Claims 1-6 whose average particle diameter of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 150 micrometers or less. 付加製造装置と請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の付加製造装置用水硬性組成物を用いて鋳型を成形する、鋳型の製造方法。   The manufacturing method of a casting_mold | template which shape | molds a mold using an addition manufacturing apparatus and the hydraulic composition for addition manufacturing apparatuses of any one of Claims 1-7. 前記鋳型の養生温度が10〜80℃である、請求項8に記載の鋳型の製造方法。

The method for producing a mold according to claim 8, wherein a curing temperature of the mold is 10 to 80 ° C.

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