JP2019098268A - Rice grain transport device and method for manufacturing rice grain transport device - Google Patents
Rice grain transport device and method for manufacturing rice grain transport device Download PDFInfo
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneiron Chemical compound [N].[Fe] YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 48
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910015421 Mo2N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chutes (AREA)
- Screw Conveyors (AREA)
- Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、精米機で用いられる搬送スクリューや選別機で用いられる搬送シュート等の米粒搬送装置であって、糠付着防止効果を有する米粒搬送装置、及び該米粒搬送装置の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a rice grain conveying apparatus such as a conveyance screw used in a rice milling machine or a conveyance chute used in a sorting machine, and relates to a rice grain conveying apparatus having an effect of preventing adhesion of rice bran, and a method of manufacturing the rice grain conveying apparatus.
従来、精米機において米粒をスクリューにより精白室に搬送することや、選別機において米粒をシュートにより選別部に搬送することが知られている（特許文献１，２参照）。 Conventionally, it is known that rice grains are transported to a milling chamber by a screw in a rice milling machine, and that rice grains are transported to a sorting section by a chute in a sorting machine (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
精米機における前記スクリューや選別機における前記シュート等の米粒搬送装置は、米粒の搬送にともない搬送面に糠が付着、固結して塊状となり、搬送能力が著しく低下する問題がある。
そこで、前記米粒搬送装置の表面に亜鉛メッキやテフロンコートによる被覆層を形成することが試みられている。
In the rice grain conveying apparatus such as the screw in the rice milling machine and the chute in the sorting machine, there is a problem that the stick adheres to the conveying surface as the rice grain is conveyed and is solidified to form lumps, and the conveying ability is significantly reduced.
Therefore, it has been attempted to form a coating layer by zinc plating or Teflon coating on the surface of the rice grain transfer device.
一般に亜鉛メッキやテフロンコートは摩擦係数が小さく滑り性に優れるため、米粒搬送装置の表面に被覆層を形成すれば、糠付着防止効果を持たせることができる。
ところが、亜鉛メッキやテフロンコートによる被覆層は、軟らかく摩耗しやすいために、長期的な糠付着防止効果は得られない。
Generally, since zinc plating or Teflon coating has a small coefficient of friction and is excellent in slippery, if a coating layer is formed on the surface of a rice grain conveying apparatus, it is possible to have an effect of preventing adhesion of wrinkles.
However, since the coating layer by zinc plating or Teflon coating is soft and easily worn, a long-term anti-shrinkage preventing effect can not be obtained.
米粒搬送装置の表面に硬化層を形成すれば、耐摩耗性が向上し、長期にわたり表面特性を維持することが可能となるが、米粒に対する摩擦力が増大し、糠付着防止効果が低下する。 If a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the rice grain conveying device, the abrasion resistance is improved and the surface characteristics can be maintained for a long time, but the frictional force to the rice grain is increased, and the adhesion prevention effect of rice bran is reduced.
そこで、本発明は、精米機で用いられる搬送スクリューや選別機で用いられる搬送シュート等の米粒搬送装置であって、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有する米粒搬送装置、及び該米粒搬送装置の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention is a rice grain conveyance device such as a conveyance screw used in a rice milling machine or a conveyance chute used in a sorting machine, and the rice grain conveyance device having a long-term stickiness preventing effect, and the manufacture of the rice grain conveyance device Intended to provide a method.
上記目的を達成するため、請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、
米粒搬送装置の基材であって黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材と、
前記鉄基材の表面を被覆し米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層と、を有し、
前記鉄−窒素化合物層には、前記鉄基材の表面に露出し前記鉄基材の表面から突出する黒鉛上に、先端が開口する突部が形成され、前記開口の内部で前記黒鉛が露出することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 1 is
An iron base material which is a base material of a rice grain carrier and in which graphite is dispersed,
An iron-nitrogen compound layer which covers the surface of the iron base material and which constitutes the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveyance device;
In the iron-nitrogen compound layer, on the graphite which is exposed on the surface of the iron base material and which protrudes from the surface of the iron base material, a projection whose tip is opened is formed, and the graphite is exposed inside the opening. It is characterized by
請求項２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、請求項１に係る発明において、
前記鉄基材が、Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１種以上の元素を含み、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面には、前記元素の窒化物による多数の微細突部が形成されるものである。
The rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1 as follows:
The iron base material includes one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al, or Ti, and the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer is a large number of fine bumps due to nitrides of the elements. The part is formed.
また、上記目的を達成するため、請求項３に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、
米粒搬送装置の基材であって黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材の表面に露出し前記表面から突出する黒鉛を含む前記鉄基材を窒化処理し、前記鉄基材の表面を被覆して米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層を生成させるとともに、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の前記鉄基材の表面から突出する黒鉛上に突部を生成させる鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程と、
前記鉄−窒素化合物層の前記突部の先端を開口させて、前記開口の内部で前記黒鉛を露出させる黒鉛露出工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする。
Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the manufacturing method of the rice grain conveyance apparatus of the invention which concerns on Claim 3 is:
The iron base material which is a base material of a rice grain transfer apparatus and which is exposed on the surface of an iron base material dispersed with graphite and which includes the graphite which protrudes from the surface is nitrided to coat the surface of the iron base material and rice grain. An iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step of forming an iron-nitrogen compound layer constituting a conveyance surface of the conveyance device and generating a protrusion on the graphite projecting from the surface of the iron base of the iron-nitrogen compound layer; ,
Exposing the tip of the projection of the iron-nitrogen compound layer so as to expose the graphite inside the opening;
And the like.
請求項４に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３に係る発明において、
前記鉄基材が、Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１種以上の元素を含み、前記鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程において前記鉄−窒素化合物層中に前記元素の窒化物を析出させてなり、
前記鉄−窒素化合物層中に前記元素の窒化物が析出した前記鉄基材を、水素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面に前記元素の窒化物を露出させて多数の微細突部を生成させる微細突部生成工程と、をさらに備えるものである。
The method for manufacturing a rice grain conveying apparatus according to the invention of claim 4 is the invention according to claim 3 of the invention:
The iron base contains one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al, or Ti, and the iron-nitrogen compound layer is nitrided in the iron-nitrogen compound layer in the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step. To precipitate the
The iron base having the nitride of the element precipitated in the iron-nitrogen compound layer is plasma-treated in an atmosphere containing hydrogen to expose the nitride of the element on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer. And a fine protrusion generating step of generating a large number of fine protrusions.
請求項５に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３又は４に係る発明において、
黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材を、水素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄基材の表面に露出する黒鉛を前記鉄基材の表面から突出させる黒鉛突出工程と、をさらに備え、
前記黒鉛突出工程において前記鉄基材の表面から突出させた黒鉛を含む前記鉄基材を、前記鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程において前記窒化処理するものである。
In the method for manufacturing a rice grain conveying apparatus according to the invention as set forth in claim 5, in the invention according to claim 3 or 4,
Further comprising: a graphite projecting step of subjecting the iron base in which the graphite is dispersed to plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing hydrogen, and causing the graphite exposed on the surface of the iron base to protrude from the surface of the iron base;
The iron base containing graphite which has been made to project from the surface of the iron base in the graphite projecting step is subjected to the nitriding treatment in the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step.
請求項６に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３乃至５のいずれかに係る発明において、
前記窒化処理が、窒素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理するプラズマ窒化処理である。
The method for manufacturing a rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The nitriding treatment is plasma nitriding treatment in which plasma treatment is performed in an atmosphere containing nitrogen.
請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、鉄基材の表面を被覆し米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層を有するので、耐摩耗性に優れ、長期にわたり表面特性を維持することが可能となる。 The rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 1 has the iron-nitrogen compound layer which covers the surface of the iron base material and constitutes the conveying surface of the rice grain conveying apparatus, so it is excellent in wear resistance and maintains surface characteristics over a long period of time. It is possible to
また、請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、前記鉄−窒素化合物層に先端が開口する突部が形成されるので、米粒との接触面積が減少し、米粒に対する摩擦力が低下して、米粒の滑り性及び非粘着性が向上する。 Further, in the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the iron-nitrogen compound layer is formed with a protrusion whose tip is opened, so the contact area with the rice grain is reduced and the frictional force to the rice grain is reduced. Improves the slipperiness and non-stickiness of rice grains.
さらに、請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、前記突部の先端が開口し、前記開口の内部で黒鉛が露出するので、米粒の搬送初期の段階において、糠に含まれる米由来の油分が前記黒鉛に浸透・吸着され、その後の米粒の大量搬送による搬送面の加温により、前記油分が前記黒鉛から染み出して前記搬送面に油膜が生成されるため、米粒の滑り性がさらに向上し、前記搬送面への糠の固着力を弱めることができる。 Furthermore, in the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the tip of the protrusion is opened and the graphite is exposed inside the opening, the oil derived from rice contained in the straw at the initial stage of rice grain conveyance Is permeated and adsorbed to the graphite, and the oil content is exuded from the graphite and the oil film is formed on the transport surface by heating the transport surface by subsequent mass transport of rice grains, thereby further improving the slipperiness of the rice grains It is possible to weaken the adhesion of the weir to the conveying surface.
また、請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、搬送される米粒から常に油分が供給されるため、搬送面上において油切れを起こすことがない。
したがって、請求項１に係る発明によれば、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有する米粒搬送装置を提供することができる。
Further, in the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, since oil is always supplied from the conveyed rice grains, oil shortage does not occur on the conveyance surface.
Therefore, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, the rice grain conveyance apparatus which has a long-term rice cake adhesion prevention effect can be provided.
請求項２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、請求項１に係る発明において、前記鉄基材が、Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１種以上の元素を含み、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面に、前記元素の窒化物による多数の微細突部が形成されるので、耐摩耗性に優れる表面特性を維持しつつ、米粒に対する摩擦力がさらに低下して、米粒の滑り性及び非粘着性がさらに向上する。 In the rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, the iron base contains one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al or Ti, Since a large number of fine projections of the nitride of the above element are formed on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer, the frictional force against rice grains is further reduced while maintaining the surface characteristics excellent in wear resistance. Slipperiness and non-stickiness are further improved.
また、請求項２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置は、請求項１に係る発明において、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面に、多数の微細突部が形成されるので、搬送面上の保油性が向上し、前記搬送面に満遍なく油膜が生成されるとともに油膜切れを起こすことがないため、米粒の滑り性が各段に向上し、糠の固着力を一段と弱めることができる。
したがって、請求項２に係る発明によれば、長期的でより強力な糠付着防止効果を有する米粒搬送装置を提供することができる。
In the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, since a large number of fine projections are formed on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer, oil retention on the conveyance surface is Since the oil film is generated uniformly on the transport surface and the oil film is not cut off, the sliding property of the rice grains is improved in each step, and the adhesion of the rice cake can be further weakened.
Therefore, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, the rice grain conveyance apparatus which has a long-term and more powerful rice cake adhesion prevention effect can be provided.
請求項３に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、米粒搬送装置の基材であって黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材の表面に露出し前記表面から突出する黒鉛を含む前記鉄基材を窒化処理し、前記鉄基材の表面を被覆して米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層を生成させるとともに、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の前記鉄基材の表面から突出する黒鉛上に突部を生成させる鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程と、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の前記突部の先端を開口させて、前記開口の内部で前記黒鉛を露出させる黒鉛露出工程と、を備えるので、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有する請求項１に係る発明の米粒搬送装置を製造することができる。 The method for producing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is a base material of a rice grain transfer apparatus, the iron base material comprising graphite exposed on the surface of an iron base material dispersed with graphite and protruding from the surface. Nitridation is performed to coat the surface of the iron base to form an iron-nitrogen compound layer constituting the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveying device, and the graphite protruding from the surface of the iron base of the iron-nitrogen compound layer An iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step of generating a projection on the upper side, and a graphite exposing step of opening the tip of the projection of the iron-nitrogen compound layer and exposing the graphite inside the opening Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the rice grain conveying apparatus of the invention according to claim 1 which has a long-term anti-sticking effect.
請求項４に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３に係る発明において、前記鉄基材が、Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１種以上の元素を含み、前記鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程において前記鉄−窒素化合物層中に前記元素の窒化物を析出させてなり、前記鉄−窒素化合物層中に前記元素の窒化物が析出した前記鉄基材を、水素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面に前記元素の窒化物を露出させて多数の微細突部を生成させる微細突部生成工程と、をさらに備えるので、長期的でより強力な糠付着防止効果を有する請求項２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置を製造することができる。 In the method for producing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to the invention as set forth in claim 4, in the invention as set forth in claim 3, the iron base material is at least one element selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al or Ti. The iron base containing the nitride of the element precipitated in the iron-nitrogen compound layer in the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step, and the nitride of the element precipitated in the iron-nitrogen compound layer. A plasma treatment in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere to expose the nitride of the element on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer to form a large number of fine projections; The rice grain conveying apparatus according to the invention as claimed in claim 2 can be manufactured which has a long-term and more powerful anti-sticking effect.
請求項５に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３又は４に係る発明において、黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材を、水素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄基材の表面に露出する黒鉛を前記鉄基材の表面から突出させる黒鉛突出工程と、をさらに備え、前記黒鉛突出工程において前記鉄基材の表面から突出させた黒鉛を含む前記鉄基材を、前記鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程において前記窒化処理するので、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有する請求項１又は２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置を製造することができる。 In the method for producing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to the invention as set forth in claim 5, in the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the iron base material in which the graphite is dispersed is plasma treated in an atmosphere containing hydrogen, And a graphite projecting step of causing graphite exposed on the surface to project from the surface of the iron base, and the iron base including the graphite which is caused to project from the surface of the iron base in the graphite projecting step; -Since the said nitriding treatment is carried out in a nitrogen compound layer production | generation process, the rice grain conveyance apparatus of the invention which concerns on the claim | item 1 or 2 which has a long-term 糠 adhesion preventing effect can be manufactured.
請求項６に係る発明の米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、請求項３乃至５のいずれかに係る発明において、前記窒化処理が、窒素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理するプラズマ窒化処理であるので、請求項１又は２に係る発明の米粒搬送装置を製造する際、黒鉛露出工程を除く一連の工程をプラズマ処理装置で連続して行うことができる。 The method for manufacturing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to the invention as set forth in claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the nitriding treatment is plasma nitriding treatment to be plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing nitrogen. When manufacturing the rice grain conveyance apparatus of the invention which concerns on claim | item 1 or 2, a series of processes except a graphite exposure process can be continuously performed with a plasma processing apparatus.
本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、精米機において米粒を精白室に搬送する搬送スクリュー、選別機において米粒を選別部に搬送する搬送シュートの他、前記搬送スクリューが内部に配設されて当該内部を米粒が搬送される搬送ケース等、米粒の搬送に関連して糠が付着するすべての装置を含む。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
In the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the conveyance screw is disposed inside, in addition to a conveyance screw that conveys rice grains to a polishing chamber in a rice milling machine, and a conveyance chute that conveys rice grains to a sorting unit in a sorting machine It includes all the devices to which rice husk adheres in relation to the conveyance of rice grains, such as a conveyance case in which the rice grains are conveyed inside.
図１は、米粒搬送装置の基材の説明図であって、黒鉛を分散させた鉄基材の説明図を示す。（ａ）は鉄基材表面の斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の表面部分の断面図を示す。
本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、黒鉛２を分散した状態で含む球状黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣＤ）やＣＶ黒鉛鋳鉄等の鉄基材１を基材とする。図１に示すように、前記鉄基材１は表面に露出する黒鉛２を含む。また、前記鉄基材１はＳｉを１〜４％含有する。前記鉄基材１は、米粒搬送装置の製造に先立ちバフ仕上げされ脱脂処理されている。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a base material of a rice grain transfer apparatus, and is an explanatory view of an iron base material in which graphite is dispersed. (A) is a perspective view of the iron base material surface, (b) shows the sectional view of the surface part of (a).
The rice grain transfer apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention uses an iron base 1 such as spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD) or CV graphite cast iron containing graphite 2 dispersed therein as a base material. As shown in FIG. 1, the iron base 1 includes graphite 2 exposed on the surface. Moreover, the said iron base material 1 contains 1 to 4% of Si. The iron base 1 is buffed and degreased prior to the production of the rice grain transfer apparatus.
図２乃至図５は、米粒搬送装置の製造工程の説明図を示す。図２乃至図５において（ａ）は表面側からみた斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の表面部分の断面図を示す。
本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置の製造方法は、第１工程乃至第３工程において、真空容器内にガスを導入し真空に近い減圧下でプラズマを発生させる周知のプラズマ処理装置を利用する。
2 to 5 show an explanatory view of the manufacturing process of the rice grain transfer apparatus. In FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, (a) is a perspective view seen from the surface side, and (b) shows a sectional view of the surface portion of (a).
The method of manufacturing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention uses a known plasma processing apparatus for introducing a gas into a vacuum vessel and generating plasma under reduced pressure close to vacuum in the first to third steps. .
図２は、第１工程としての黒鉛突出工程の説明図を示す。
第１工程では、米粒搬送装置の基材としての前記鉄基材１を、真空容器内において水素を含む雰囲気中、４００〜６００℃、好ましくは４５０℃の温度条件下でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄基材１へ水素イオンを衝突させて鉄原子を叩き出すことで、前記鉄基材１の表面に露出する黒鉛２を含め前記表面付近に存在する黒鉛２を前記鉄基材１の表面から突出させる。
ここでは、前記プラズマ処理に際し放電を安定させるため、前記水素のほかに前記雰囲気中にアルゴンや窒素を加えることができる。
FIG. 2 shows an explanatory view of a graphite projecting step as the first step.
In the first step, the iron base material 1 as a base material of the rice grain transfer apparatus is plasma treated in a vacuum vessel in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere at a temperature of 400 to 600 ° C., preferably 450 ° C. By striking hydrogen atoms into base material 1 and striking iron atoms, graphite 2 present in the vicinity of the surface including graphite 2 exposed on the surface of iron base material 1 protrudes from the surface of iron base material 1 Let
Here, argon or nitrogen can be added to the atmosphere in addition to the hydrogen to stabilize the discharge during the plasma treatment.
図３は、第２工程としての鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程の説明図を示す。
第２工程では、前記第１工程において表面から突出させた黒鉛２を含む前記鉄基材１を、真空容器内において窒素及び水素を含む雰囲気中、５００〜５８０℃、好ましくは５５０℃の温度条件下でプラズマ窒化処理し、前記鉄基材１へ窒素イオンを衝突させて前記鉄基材１の表面を被覆する鉄−窒素化合物層３を生成させる。その際、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の前記鉄基材１の表面から突出する黒鉛２上には山状の突部３１が生成される。
ここでは、前記窒素及び水素のほかに、前記雰囲気中にメタンなどの炭素系ガスを加えることができる。
FIG. 3 shows an explanatory view of the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step as the second step.
In the second step, the iron base 1 containing the graphite 2 protruded from the surface in the first step is subjected to temperature conditions of 500 to 580 ° C., preferably 550 ° C. in an atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen in a vacuum vessel. Under the plasma nitriding treatment, nitrogen ions are caused to collide with the iron base 1 to form the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 covering the surface of the iron base 1. At that time, mountain-like protrusions 31 are formed on the graphite 2 protruding from the surface of the iron base 1 of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3.
Here, in addition to the nitrogen and hydrogen, a carbon-based gas such as methane can be added to the atmosphere.
また、前記鉄基材１は、Ｓｉを１〜４％含有するので、当該第２工程では、前記鉄基材１の表面を被覆する鉄−窒素化合物層３を生成させると同時に、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３中に窒化物４（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）析出させることができる。 In addition, since the iron base 1 contains 1 to 4% of Si, in the second step, the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 covering the surface of the iron base 1 is formed, and at the same time, the iron- The nitride 4 (Si 3 N 4) can be deposited in the nitrogen compound layer 3.
図４は、第３工程としての微細突部生成工程の説明図を示す。ここでは、（ｂ）は（ａ）の表面部分の拡大断面図を示す。
第３工程では、前記第２工程において表面を被覆する鉄−窒素化合物層３が生成され、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３中に前記窒化物４（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）が析出した前記鉄基材１を、真空容器内において水素を含む雰囲気中、５００〜６５０℃、好ましくは５５０℃の温度条件下でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３へ水素イオンを衝突させて鉄原子を叩き出すことで、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の表面に前記窒化物４を露出させて多数の微細突部４１を生成させる。
ここでは、前記水素のほかに、前記雰囲気中にアルゴンを加えることができる。
FIG. 4: shows explanatory drawing of the fine protrusion production | generation process as a 3rd process. Here, (b) shows an enlarged sectional view of the surface portion of (a).
In the third step, the iron base 1 in which the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 covering the surface is generated in the second step, and the nitride 4 (Si3N4) is precipitated in the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 is Plasma treatment is performed in a vacuum vessel in an atmosphere containing hydrogen at a temperature of 500 to 650 ° C., preferably 550 ° C., and the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 is bombarded with hydrogen ions to knock out iron atoms, The nitride 4 is exposed on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 to form a large number of fine protrusions 41.
Here, argon can be added to the atmosphere in addition to the hydrogen.
図５は、第４工程としての黒鉛露出工程の説明図を示す。
第４工程では、前記第３工程において窒化物４による多数の微細突部４１が生成された前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の表面に、ガラスビーズの微小球によるショットブラスト加工を施す。前記ショットブラストにより、前記鉄基材１の表面で相対的に軟らかい黒鉛２上に生成される山状の突部３１の先端を開口３２させて、前記開口３２の内部で前記黒鉛２を露出させる。
その際、前記突部３１は先端のみが開口３２し、山の麓に相当する部分がリング状に残る形態に仕上げることができる。
FIG. 5 shows an explanatory view of a graphite exposure step as the fourth step.
In the fourth step, the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 on which the large number of fine projections 41 of the nitride 4 have been generated in the third step is subjected to shot blasting with microspheres of glass beads. The tip of a mountain-like protrusion 31 formed on the relatively soft graphite 2 on the surface of the iron base material 1 is opened 32 by the shot blast, and the graphite 2 is exposed inside the opening 32. .
At that time, only the tip end of the protrusion 31 is open 32, and the portion corresponding to the ridge of the mountain can be finished in a ring shape.
本発明の実施の形態における製造方法によれば、前記第１乃至第４工程により、米粒搬送装置の基材表面を処理することによって、米粒搬送装置の基材であって黒鉛２を分散させた鉄基材１と、前記鉄基材１の表面を被覆し米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層３と、を有し、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３には、前記鉄基材１の表面に露出し前記鉄基材１の表面から突出する黒鉛２上に、先端が開口３２する突部３１が形成され、前記開口３２の内部で前記黒鉛２が露出する米粒搬送装置を製造することができる。 According to the manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate surface of the rice grain carrier is treated in the first to fourth steps to disperse the graphite 2 as a base of the rice grain carrier. The iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 includes an iron base 1 and an iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 that covers the surface of the iron base 1 and constitutes the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveyance device. On the graphite 2 exposed on the surface of the material 1 and protruding from the surface of the iron base 1, a protrusion 31 having an opening 32 at the tip is formed, and a rice grain conveying device is disclosed in which the graphite 2 is exposed inside the opening 32. It can be manufactured.
また、本発明の実施の形態における製造方法によれば、前記鉄基材１がＳｉを１〜４％含有するので、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の表面に、窒化物４（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）による多数の微細突部４１が形成される米粒搬送装置を製造することができる。 Further, according to the manufacturing method in the embodiment of the present invention, since the iron base material 1 contains 1 to 4% of Si, a large number of nitrides 4 (Si 3 N 4) are formed on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3. The rice grain conveying apparatus in which the fine protrusion 41 of this is formed can be manufactured.
図６は、米粒搬送時における米粒搬送装置の搬送面の説明図を示す。（ａ）は米粒搬送装置表面の斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の表面部分の断面図を示す。
本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、鉄基材１の表面を被覆し米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層３を有するので、耐摩耗性に優れ、長期にわたり表面特性を維持することが可能となる。
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveyance device at the time of rice grain conveyance. (A) is a perspective view of the surface of a rice grain conveyance apparatus, (b) shows sectional drawing of the surface part of (a).
The rice grain transfer apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention has the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 which covers the surface of the iron base 1 and constitutes the transfer surface of the rice grain transfer apparatus. It is possible to maintain
また、前記米粒搬送装置は、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３に先端が開口３２する突部３１が形成されるので、米粒との接触面積が減少し、米粒に対する摩擦力が低下して、米粒の滑り性及び非粘着性が向上する。 Further, in the rice grain conveying apparatus, the protrusion 31 having the opening 32 at the tip is formed in the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3, so the contact area with the rice grain is reduced and the frictional force to the rice grain is reduced. Slipperiness and non-stickiness are improved.
さらに、前記米粒搬送装置によれば、米粒搬送時の摩擦によって糠に含まれる脂肪球が破壊されて液状となるが、前記突部３１の先端が開口３２し、前記開口３２の内部で黒鉛２が露出するので、米粒の搬送初期の段階において、前記糠に含まれる米由来の油分が前記黒鉛２に浸透・吸着され、米粒の大量搬送時には、前記米粒搬送装置の搬送面が加温され、図６に示すように、前記油分が前記黒鉛２から染み出して前記搬送面に油膜５が生成されるため、米粒の滑り性がさらに向上し、前記搬送面への糠の固着力を弱めることができる。 Furthermore, according to the rice grain conveying apparatus, the fat balls contained in the bale are broken and become liquid due to the friction during rice grain conveyance, but the tip of the projection 31 is opened 32 and the graphite 2 is formed inside the opening 32 In the initial stage of conveyance of rice grains, oil derived from rice contained in the rice bran is permeated and adsorbed by the graphite 2, and when carrying large amounts of rice grains, the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveyance device is heated. As shown in FIG. 6, since the oil component exudes from the graphite 2 and the oil film 5 is formed on the conveyance surface, the slipperiness of rice grains is further improved, and the adhesion of the rice cake to the conveyance surface is weakened. Can.
また、前記米粒搬送装置は、搬送される米粒から常に油分が供給されるため、搬送面上において油切れを起こす心配がない。 Moreover, since the said rice grain conveyance apparatus is always supplied with oil content from the rice grain conveyed, there is no fear of causing an oil shortage on a conveyance surface.
したがって、本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有するものである。
なお、前記米粒搬送装置において、前記突部３１の先端の開口３２から搬送面へ露出する黒鉛２への油分吸着は、事前に糠を強制的に擦り付ける等することで効果を高めることができる。
Therefore, the rice grain conveying apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention has a long-term effect of preventing adhesion of wrinkles.
In addition, in the said rice grain conveyance apparatus, the oil adsorption | suction to the graphite 2 exposed to the conveyance surface from the opening 32 of the front-end | tip of the said protrusion 31 can heighten an effect by forcedly rubbing etc. in advance.
本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の表面に、窒化物４（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）による多数の微細突部４１が形成されるので、耐摩耗性に優れる表面特性を維持しつつ、米粒に対する摩擦力がさらに低下して、米粒の滑り性及び非粘着性がさらに向上する。 In the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, since a large number of fine projections 41 of nitride 4 (Si3N4) are formed on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3, surface characteristics excellent in wear resistance are obtained. While maintaining, the frictional force to the rice grains is further reduced, and the slipperiness and non-stickiness of the rice grains are further improved.
また、前記米粒搬送装置は、図６に示すように、搬送面上の保油性が向上し、前記搬送面に満遍なく油膜５が生成されるとともに油膜切れを起こすことがないため、米粒の滑り性が各段に向上し、糠の固着力を一段と弱めることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the rice grain transport apparatus, oil retention on the transport surface is improved, and the oil film 5 is generated evenly on the transport surface and oil film breakage does not occur. However, it is possible to improve each step and further weaken the adhesion of the scissors.
したがって、本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送装置は、長期的でより強力な糠付着防止効果を有するものである。 Therefore, the rice grain conveying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention has a long-term and more powerful anti-sticking effect.
なお、本発明の実施の形態における米粒搬送措置の製造方法は、前記第１乃至第３工程を、プラズマ処理装置を利用して行うので、第４工程を除く一連の工程を同一のプラズマ処理装置で連続して行うことができる。 In the method of manufacturing a rice grain transfer device according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the first to third steps are performed using a plasma processing apparatus, a series of processes except the fourth step are the same plasma processing apparatus. Can be done continuously.
ここで、本発明の実施の形態では、前記鉄基材１がＳｉを含有することとしたが、Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１以上の元素を含むものとすることができる。
前記鉄基材１がＳｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ａｌ又はＴｉから選択される１以上の元素を含むものであれば、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３中にＳｉ３Ｎ４、ＣｒＮ、Ｃｒ２Ｎ、Ｍｏ２Ｎ、ＶＮ、ＡｌＮ、又はＴｉＮ等、前記元素の窒化物４を析出させて、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３の表面に、前記元素の窒化物による多数の微細突部４１を生成させることができる。
Here, in the embodiment of the present invention, although the iron base 1 contains Si, it may contain one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al or Ti. it can.
If the iron base material 1 contains one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al or Ti, the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 contains Si3N4, CrN, Cr2N, Mo2N, VN. The nitride 4 of the said element, such as AlN or TiN, can be deposited, and many fine protrusions 41 made of the nitride of the said element can be generated on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3.
上記本発明の実施の形態では、前記第２工程においてプラズマ窒化処理を用いたが、前記鉄基材１の表面を被覆する鉄−窒素化合物層３を生成させ、前記鉄−窒素化合物層３中に窒化物を析出させることができるのであれば、ガス窒化処理などの他の窒化処理技術を採用することもできる。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the plasma nitriding process is used in the second step, but the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 covering the surface of the iron base 1 is formed, and in the iron-nitrogen compound layer 3 Other nitride processing techniques such as gas nitriding may be employed, as long as nitrides can be deposited on the substrate.
上記本発明の実施の形態では、前記米粒搬送装置は、球状黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣＤ）やＣＶ黒鉛鋳鉄等の鉄基材１を基材としたが、鉄系素材の表面に微細な穴、又は窪みを形成、配列し、黒鉛粉末や黒鉛芯を充填、挿入して封じ込めたものを基材として用いることもできる。 In the above embodiment of the present invention, the rice grain conveying device uses the iron base material 1 such as spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD) or CV graphite cast iron as a base material, but fine holes or pits are formed on the surface of the iron material. It can also be used as a base material by forming, arranging, filling with a graphite powder or a graphite core, and inserting and containing it.
本発明は、上記実施の形態に限るものでなく、発明の範囲を逸脱しない限りにおいてその構成を適宜変更できることはいうまでもない。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that the configuration can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the invention.
本発明の米粒搬送装置は、長期的な糠付着防止効果を有するため、米粒の搬送に関連して糠が付着するすべての装置に利用することができる。 Since the rice grain conveying apparatus of the present invention has a long-term adhesion preventing effect on the rice cake, it can be used for all apparatus to which rice cake adheres in relation to the conveyance of rice grain.
１ 鉄基材
２ 黒鉛
３ 鉄−窒素化合物層
３１ 突部
３２ 開口
４ 窒化物
４１ 微細突部
５ 油膜
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Iron base material 2 Graphite 3 Iron- nitrogen compound layer 31 Protrusion 32 Opening 4 Nitride 41 Fine protrusion 5 Oil film
Claims (6)
前記鉄基材の表面を被覆し米粒搬送装置の搬送面を構成する鉄−窒素化合物層と、を有し、
前記鉄−窒素化合物層には、前記鉄基材の表面に露出し前記鉄基材の表面から突出する黒鉛上に、先端が開口する突部が形成され、前記開口の内部で前記黒鉛が露出することを特徴とする米粒搬送装置。 An iron base material which is a base material of a rice grain carrier and in which graphite is dispersed,
An iron-nitrogen compound layer which covers the surface of the iron base material and which constitutes the conveyance surface of the rice grain conveyance device;
In the iron-nitrogen compound layer, on the graphite which is exposed on the surface of the iron base material and which protrudes from the surface of the iron base material, a projection whose tip is opened is formed, and the graphite is exposed inside the opening. Rice grain conveying device characterized by having.
前記鉄−窒素化合物層の前記突部の先端を開口させて、前記開口の内部で前記黒鉛を露出させる黒鉛露出工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする米粒搬送装置の製造方法。 The iron base material which is a base material of a rice grain transfer apparatus and which is exposed on the surface of an iron base material dispersed with graphite and which includes the graphite which protrudes from the surface is nitrided to coat the surface of the iron base material and rice grain. An iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step of forming an iron-nitrogen compound layer constituting a conveyance surface of the conveyance device and generating a protrusion on the graphite projecting from the surface of the iron base of the iron-nitrogen compound layer; ,
Exposing the tip of the projection of the iron-nitrogen compound layer so as to expose the graphite inside the opening;
A method of manufacturing a rice grain conveying apparatus comprising:
前記鉄−窒素化合物層中に前記元素の窒化物が析出した前記鉄基材を、水素を含む雰囲気中でプラズマ処理し、前記鉄−窒素化合物層の表面に前記元素の窒化物を露出させて多数の微細突部を生成させる微細突部生成工程と、をさらに備える請求項３記載の米粒搬送装置の製造方法。 The iron base contains one or more elements selected from Si, Cr, Mo, V, Al, or Ti, and the iron-nitrogen compound layer is nitrided in the iron-nitrogen compound layer in the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step. To precipitate the
The iron base having the nitride of the element precipitated in the iron-nitrogen compound layer is plasma-treated in an atmosphere containing hydrogen to expose the nitride of the element on the surface of the iron-nitrogen compound layer. The method for manufacturing a rice grain transfer apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a fine protrusion generation step of generating a large number of fine protrusions.
前記黒鉛突出工程において前記鉄基材の表面から突出させた黒鉛を含む前記鉄基材を、前記鉄−窒素化合物層生成工程において前記窒化処理する請求項３又は４記載の米粒搬送装置の製造方法。 Further comprising: a graphite projecting step of subjecting the iron base in which the graphite is dispersed to plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing hydrogen, and causing the graphite exposed on the surface of the iron base to protrude from the surface of the iron base;
The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the iron base containing the graphite made to project from the surface of the iron base in the graphite projecting step is nitrided in the iron-nitrogen compound layer forming step. .
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