JP2019086238A - heat pump - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP2019086238A
JP2019086238A JP2017215660A JP2017215660A JP2019086238A JP 2019086238 A JP2019086238 A JP 2019086238A JP 2017215660 A JP2017215660 A JP 2017215660A JP 2017215660 A JP2017215660 A JP 2017215660A JP 2019086238 A JP2019086238 A JP 2019086238A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
evaporator
refrigerant
stage compressor
low
valve
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Granted
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JP2017215660A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP6373469B1 (en
Inventor
小林　隆之
Takayuki Kobayashi
隆之 小林
洋平 葛山
Yohei Katsurayama
洋平 葛山
中山　浩
Hiroshi Nakayama
浩 中山
康治 徳永
Koji Tokunaga
康治 徳永
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Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
Chubu Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
Chubu Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Application filed by Kansai Electric Power Co Inc, Chubu Electric Power Co Inc, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd filed Critical Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
Priority to JP2017215660A priority Critical patent/JP6373469B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6373469B1 publication Critical patent/JP6373469B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2018/041487 priority patent/WO2019093420A1/en
Priority to EP18877202.4A priority patent/EP3708924A4/en
Priority to CN201880072403.3A priority patent/CN111316047A/en
Publication of JP2019086238A publication Critical patent/JP2019086238A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a heat pump which introduces a refrigerant in an optimum state for compression to a low stage side compressor and a high stage side compressor, and which can perform an efficient operation.SOLUTION: A refrigerant circuit 2 includes: a first flow passage C1 for connecting between the downstream side of a first evaporator 11 and the upstream side of a low stage side compressor 3, and a first valve part 21 for opening/closing the first flow passage C1; a second flow passage C2 for connecting between the downstream side of the first evaporator 11 and the upstream side of a high stage side compressor 4, and a second valve part 22 for opening/closing the second flow passage C2; a third flow passage C3 for connecting between the downstream side of a second evaporator 12 and the upstream side of the low stage side compressor 3, and a third valve part 23 for opening/closing the third flow passage C3; and a fourth flow passage C4 for connecting between the downstream side of the second evaporator 12 and the upstream side of the high stage side compressor 4, and a fourth valve part 24 for opening/closing the fourth flow passage C4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、冷媒回路が設けられたヒートポンプに関する。   The present invention relates to a heat pump provided with a refrigerant circuit.

従来から、冷媒が圧縮と膨張を繰り返して循環する冷媒回路が設けられた冷凍サイクル、即ちヒートポンプが知られている。このようなヒートポンプでは、例えば特許文献１に記載されているように冷媒を圧縮する低段側圧縮機と、低段側圧縮機から吐出された冷媒をさらに圧縮する高段側圧縮機とによって、冷媒を二段圧縮する場合がある。   BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a refrigeration cycle provided with a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant circulates by repeating compression and expansion is known, that is, a heat pump. In such a heat pump, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a low-stage compressor that compresses a refrigerant and a high-stage compressor that further compresses a refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compressor The refrigerant may be compressed in two stages.

そしてこのようなヒートポンプには、低段側圧縮機の上流側で冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器が設けられている。蒸発器は、例えば冷媒と、水や空気等の熱媒体との間で熱交換を行なう熱交換器である。   In such a heat pump, an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant on the upstream side of the low-stage compressor is provided. The evaporator is, for example, a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a refrigerant and a heat medium such as water or air.

特開２０１６−９０１０２号公報JP, 2016-90102, A

ここで特許文献１のヒートポンプでは、蒸発器からの冷媒は低段側圧縮機へ導入され、その後に高段側圧縮機に導入されるようになっている。
しかしながら、蒸発器での熱交換量は必ずしも一定ではなく、環境要因等で変動する可能性がある。このため熱交換器から低段側圧縮機に導入される冷媒の温度は一定ではなく、低段側圧縮機に導入される冷媒が、低段側圧縮機での圧縮に最適な状態とはならず、ヒートポンプ全体として効率のよい運転を行うことができない場合がある。 Here, in the heat pump of Patent Document 1, the refrigerant from the evaporator is introduced into the low-stage compressor and then introduced into the high-stage compressor.
However, the amount of heat exchange in the evaporator is not always constant, and may vary due to environmental factors and the like. For this reason, the temperature of the refrigerant introduced from the heat exchanger to the low-stage compressor is not constant, and the refrigerant introduced to the low-stage compressor is not in a state optimum for compression in the low-stage compressor. As a result, the heat pump as a whole may not be able to operate efficiently.

そこで本発明は、圧縮に最適な状態の冷媒を低段側圧縮機、及び高段側圧縮機に導入し、効率の良い運転が可能なヒートポンプを提供する。   Therefore, the present invention provides a heat pump capable of efficient operation by introducing a refrigerant in a state optimum for compression into the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor.

本発明の第一の態様に係るヒートポンプは、低段側圧縮機と、前記低段側圧縮機の下流側に直列に接続された高段側圧縮機と、前記高段側圧縮機の下流側に接続された凝縮器と、前記凝縮器の下流側に接続された膨張機構と、前記膨張機構の下流側に並列に接続された第一蒸発器及び第二蒸発器と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第一流路、及び該第一流路を開閉する第一弁部と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第二流路、及び該第二流路を開閉する第二弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第三流路、及び該第三流路を開閉する第三弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第四流路、及び該第四流路を開閉する第四弁部と、を備えている。   A heat pump according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a low-stage compressor, a high-stage compressor connected in series downstream of the low-stage compressor, and a downstream side of the high-stage compressor , An expansion mechanism connected to the downstream side of the condenser, a first evaporator and a second evaporator connected in parallel to the downstream side of the expansion mechanism, and the first evaporator First flow path connecting between the downstream side of the lower stage compressor and the upstream side of the low stage side compressor, a first valve unit for opening and closing the first flow path, and a high stage side compressor downstream of the first evaporator A second flow path connecting the upstream side of the second flow path, a second valve unit for opening and closing the second flow path, and a downstream side of the second evaporator and an upstream side of the low-stage compressor A third flow path to be connected, a third valve portion for opening and closing the third flow path, and a fourth flow path to connect between the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor And the fourth It includes a fourth valve unit for opening and closing the road, the.

このように、ヒートポンプは第一蒸発器と第二蒸発器を備えている。即ち、ヒートポンプは、それぞれ熱交換量や設置環境の異なる複数の熱交換器を有するマルチソース型の冷媒回路を有する。
ここで、各々の蒸発器では熱交換量が変動して冷媒の温度が変化することで、低段側圧縮機及び高段側圧縮機に向かう冷媒の状態がこれら低段側圧縮機及び高段側圧縮機での圧縮に最適な状態ではなくなってしまう場合がある。ここで第一流路、第二流路、第三流路、及び第四流路を第一弁、第二弁、第三弁、及び第四弁でそれぞれ開閉することで、第一蒸発器から低段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機をバイパスして直接高段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入させることができる。さらに、このような第一蒸発器から圧縮機への冷媒の導入経路の切換えと同時に、第二蒸発器から圧縮機への冷媒の導入経路の切換えも可能である。即ち、第二蒸発器から低段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機をバイパスして直接高段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入させることができる。
よって、各蒸発器から流出した冷媒の状態に応じて、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ冷媒の導入経路を切換えることができる。 Thus, the heat pump comprises a first evaporator and a second evaporator. That is, the heat pump has a multi-source type refrigerant circuit having a plurality of heat exchangers having different amounts of heat exchange and installation environments.
Here, in each evaporator, the amount of heat exchange fluctuates and the temperature of the refrigerant changes, so that the state of the refrigerant directed to the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor is the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor. It may not be in the optimum state for compression in the side compressor. Here, by opening and closing the first flow passage, the second flow passage, the third flow passage and the fourth flow passage with the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve, respectively, from the first evaporator Not only the refrigerant can be introduced into the low-stage compressor, but the low-stage compressor can be bypassed to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor. Furthermore, simultaneously with switching of the introduction path of the refrigerant from the first evaporator to the compressor, switching of the introduction path of the refrigerant from the second evaporator to the compressor is also possible. That is, not only the refrigerant can be introduced from the second evaporator to the low-stage compressor, but the low-stage compressor can be bypassed to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor.
Therefore, according to the state of the refrigerant which flowed out of each evaporator, the introduction path of a refrigerant can be changed to the compressor in which optimal compression is possible.

本発明の第二の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第一の態様において、前記第一蒸発器及び前記第二蒸発器での負荷に応じて、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する制御部をさらに備えていてもよい。   In the heat pump according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the first valve portion, the second valve portion, the second valve portion, and the second valve portion according to the load on the first evaporator and the second evaporator. You may further provide the control part which controls the opening / closing operation | movement of a 3rd valve part and the said 4th valve part.

このような制御部を備えることで、各蒸発器から流出した冷媒の状態に応じて、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するように、冷媒の導入経路を自動的に切換えることができる。   By providing such a control unit, it is possible to automatically switch the refrigerant introduction path so as to introduce the refrigerant into the compressor capable of optimal compression according to the state of the refrigerant flowing out from each evaporator. it can.

本発明の第三の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第二の態様において、前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器からの冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させる第一状態と、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの前記冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させる第二状態とを切換え可能に、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御してもよい。   In the heat pump according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the control unit causes the refrigerant from the first evaporator to be introduced into the low-stage compressor, and the second evaporator First state in which the refrigerant from the first stage is introduced directly into the upper stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the first evaporator is introduced directly into the upper stage compressor, and from the second evaporator Switching operation of the first valve portion, the second valve portion, the third valve portion, and the fourth valve portion so as to be switchable to the second state in which the refrigerant is introduced into the low-stage compressor You may control.

このようなヒートポンプによると、第一状態と第二状態との間で冷媒の流れを切換えることができることで、第一蒸発器からの冷媒と第二蒸発器からの冷媒の流れが互いに干渉することなく、第一蒸発器からの冷媒の流れと第二蒸発器からの冷媒の流れとをクロスさせるようにして冷媒を流通させ、最適な圧縮機へ冷媒を導入可能である。よって運転の自由度が高まるとともに効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to such a heat pump, the refrigerant flow from the first evaporator and the refrigerant flow from the second evaporator interfere with each other by being able to switch the refrigerant flow between the first state and the second state. Instead, the refrigerant can be made to flow so as to cross the flow of the refrigerant from the first evaporator and the flow of the refrigerant from the second evaporator, and the refrigerant can be introduced to the optimum compressor. Therefore, the degree of freedom in driving is enhanced and efficient driving is possible.

上記のヒートポンプによれば、圧縮に最適な状態の冷媒を低段側圧縮機、及び高段側圧縮機に導入でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to the above-described heat pump, the refrigerant in a state optimum for compression can be introduced to the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor, and efficient operation can be performed.

本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプの全体構成図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole block diagram of the heat pump of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプの全体構成図であって、Ａモードで冷媒が循環している場合を示す。また、冷媒が流通しない箇所は破線で示す。It is a whole block diagram of the heat pump of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The case where a refrigerant | coolant is circulating by A mode is shown. Moreover, the place where the refrigerant does not flow is indicated by a broken line. 本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプの全体構成図であって、Ｂモードで冷媒が循環している場合を示す。また、冷媒が流通しない箇所は破線で示す。It is a whole block diagram of the heat pump of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The case where a refrigerant | coolant is circulating by B mode is shown. Moreover, the place where the refrigerant does not flow is indicated by a broken line. 本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプの全体構成図であって、Ｃモードで冷媒が循環している場合を示す。また、冷媒が流通しない箇所は破線で示す。It is a whole block diagram of the heat pump of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The case where a refrigerant | coolant is circulating by C mode is shown. Moreover, the place where the refrigerant does not flow is indicated by a broken line. 本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプの全体構成図であって、Ｄモードで冷媒が循環している場合を示す。また、冷媒が流通しない箇所は破線で示す。It is a whole block diagram of the heat pump of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The case where a refrigerant | coolant is circulating by D mode is shown. Moreover, the place where the refrigerant does not flow is indicated by a broken line.

以下、本発明の実施形態のヒートポンプ１について説明する。
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係るヒートポンプ１は、二段圧縮サイクルで運転を行う冷媒回路２を有する。冷媒回路２は、低段側圧縮機３、高段側圧縮機４、凝縮器５、膨張弁（膨張機構）６、及び蒸発器１０を有し、これらの構成要素がこの順に配管１５によって接続されている。そして冷媒回路２を例えば二酸化炭素等の冷媒Ｒが循環する。ここで冷媒Ｒは特に二酸化炭素に限定されない。 Hereinafter, the heat pump 1 of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump 1 according to the present embodiment has a refrigerant circuit 2 that operates in a two-stage compression cycle. The refrigerant circuit 2 includes a low-stage compressor 3, a high-stage compressor 4, a condenser 5, an expansion valve (expansion mechanism) 6, and an evaporator 10. These components are connected by a pipe 15 in this order It is done. Then, a refrigerant R such as carbon dioxide circulates through the refrigerant circuit 2. Here, the refrigerant R is not particularly limited to carbon dioxide.

低段側圧縮機３は冷媒Ｒを吸込み、冷媒Ｒを圧縮する。   The low pressure side compressor 3 sucks the refrigerant R and compresses the refrigerant R.

高段側圧縮機４は低段側圧縮機３に直列に接続され、低段側圧縮機３から吐出された冷媒Ｒをさらに高圧に圧縮する。   The high stage side compressor 4 is connected in series to the low stage side compressor 3 and compresses the refrigerant R discharged from the low stage side compressor 3 to a further high pressure.

凝縮器５は、高段側圧縮機４から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒Ｒと、空気や水等の熱媒体Ｒ１との間で熱交換を行い、冷媒Ｒを冷却し凝縮させる。   The condenser 5 exchanges heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant R discharged from the high-stage compressor 4 and the heat medium R1 such as air or water to cool and condense the refrigerant R.

膨張弁６は、凝縮器５からの冷媒Ｒを断熱膨張させ、冷媒Ｒを減圧する。膨張弁６は複数（本実施形態では二つ）が、後述する第一蒸発器１１と第二蒸発器１２とに対応して、蒸発器１０の上流側（入口側）に設けられている。   The expansion valve 6 adiabatically expands the refrigerant R from the condenser 5 to decompress the refrigerant R. A plurality of (two in the present embodiment) expansion valves 6 are provided on the upstream side (inlet side) of the evaporator 10 corresponding to a first evaporator 11 and a second evaporator 12 described later.

蒸発器１０としては、本実施形態では第一蒸発器１１と第二蒸発器１２とが設けられている。第一蒸発器１１と第二蒸発器１２とは並列に設けられている。   As the evaporator 10, the 1st evaporator 11 and the 2nd evaporator 12 are provided in this embodiment. The first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12 are provided in parallel.

第一蒸発器１１は、膨張弁６を通過した冷媒Ｒと、熱媒体Ｒ２として例えば空気との間で熱交換を行う空気熱交換器である。   The first evaporator 11 is an air heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant R having passed through the expansion valve 6 and, for example, air as the heat medium R2.

第一蒸発器１１と、低段側圧縮機３の上流側（吸い込み側）との間における配管１５は、第一流路Ｃ１となっている。第一流路Ｃ１には、第一流路Ｃ１を冷媒Ｒが流通可能とし、または不能とするように第一流路Ｃ１を開閉する第一弁部２１が設けられている。
第一蒸発器１１と、高段側圧縮機４の上流側（高段側圧縮機４の吸い込み側であって、低段側圧縮機３の吐出側）との間における配管１５は、第二流路Ｃ２となっている。第二流路Ｃ２には、第二流路Ｃ２を冷媒Ｒが流通可能とし、または不能とするように第二流路Ｃ２を開閉する第二弁部２２が設けられている。本実施形態では、第一流路Ｃ１は、第二弁部２２が設けられた位置よりも上流側、即ち第一蒸発器１１に近い側で第二流路Ｃ２から分岐するように設けられている。 The pipe 15 between the first evaporator 11 and the upstream side (suction side) of the low-stage compressor 3 is a first flow path C1. The first flow path C1 is provided with a first valve portion 21 that opens and closes the first flow path C1 so that the refrigerant R can flow through the first flow path C1 or can not flow.
The pipe 15 between the first evaporator 11 and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor 4 (the suction side of the high-stage compressor 4 and the discharge side of the low-stage compressor 3) It is the flow path C2. The second flow path C2 is provided with a second valve portion 22 that opens and closes the second flow path C2 so that the refrigerant R can flow or can not flow in the second flow path C2. In the present embodiment, the first flow path C1 is provided to branch from the second flow path C2 on the upstream side of the position where the second valve portion 22 is provided, that is, on the side closer to the first evaporator 11. .

第二蒸発器１２は、膨張弁６を通過した冷媒Ｒと、熱媒体Ｒ３として例えば水との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器である。   The second evaporator 12 is a water heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant R having passed through the expansion valve 6 and, for example, water as the heat medium R3.

第二蒸発器１２と、低段側圧縮機３の上流側（吸い込み側）との間における配管１５は、第三流路Ｃ３となっている。第三流路Ｃ３には、第三流路Ｃ３を冷媒Ｒが流通可能とし、または不能とするように第三流路Ｃ３を開閉する第三弁部２３が設けられている。本実施形態では第三流路Ｃ３には第三弁部２３が設けられた位置よりも下流側で、即ち低段側圧縮機３に近い位置で第一流路Ｃ１が接続されている。   The pipe 15 between the second evaporator 12 and the upstream side (suction side) of the low-stage compressor 3 is a third flow path C3. The third flow path C3 is provided with a third valve portion 23 for opening and closing the third flow path C3 so that the refrigerant R can flow or can not flow in the third flow path C3. In the present embodiment, the first flow path C1 is connected to the third flow path C3 at a position downstream of the position where the third valve portion 23 is provided, that is, at a position near the low-stage compressor 3.

第二蒸発器１２と、高段側圧縮機４の上流側（高段側圧縮機４の吸い込み側であって、低段側圧縮機３の吐出側）との間における配管１５は、第四流路Ｃ４となっている。第四流路Ｃ４には、第四流路Ｃ４を冷媒Ｒが流通可能とし、または不能とするように第四流路Ｃ４を開閉する第四弁部２４が設けられている。本実施形態では、第四流路Ｃ４は、第三弁部２３が設けられた位置よりも上流側、即ち第二蒸発器１２に近い側で第三流路Ｃ３から分岐するように設けられている。   The pipe 15 between the second evaporator 12 and the upstream side of the high stage side compressor 4 (the suction side of the high stage side compressor 4 and the discharge side of the low stage side compressor 3) is the fourth It is the flow path C4. The fourth flow path C4 is provided with a fourth valve portion 24 which opens and closes the fourth flow path C4 so that the refrigerant R can flow or can not flow in the fourth flow path C4. In the present embodiment, the fourth flow path C4 is provided to branch from the third flow path C3 on the upstream side of the position where the third valve portion 23 is provided, that is, on the side closer to the second evaporator 12 There is.

さらに本実施形態では、第一弁部２１、第二弁部２２、第三弁部２３、及び第四弁部２４を開閉動作させるＭＰＵ（ＭＩＣＲＯ−ＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧ ＵＮＩＴ）等からなる制御部３０が設けられている。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a control unit 30 including a micro-processing unit (MPU) or the like for opening and closing the first valve unit 21, the second valve unit 22, the third valve unit 23, and the fourth valve unit 24 is provided. ing.

制御部３０は、第一蒸発器１１及び第二蒸発器１２での負荷（熱交換量）に応じて、第一弁部２１、第二弁部２２、第三弁部２３、及び第四弁部２４を開閉動作させる。
次に、制御部３０での各弁の開閉動作の制御手法について説明する。
以下、第一蒸発器１１から流出する冷媒Ｒの温度をＴ１とし、第二蒸発器１２から流出する冷媒Ｒの温度をＴ２とする。 The control unit 30 controls the first valve unit 21, the second valve unit 22, the third valve unit 23, and the fourth valve according to the load (heat exchange amount) in the first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12. The unit 24 is opened and closed.
Next, a control method of the opening / closing operation of each valve in the control unit 30 will be described.
Hereinafter, the temperature of the refrigerant R flowing out of the first evaporator 11 is T1, and the temperature of the refrigerant R flowing out of the second evaporator 12 is T2.

〔Ａモード〕
Ｔ１＜Ｔ２となっている場合がＡモード（第一状態）である。本モードでは、制御部３０は、図２に示すように第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３に導入されるように第二弁部２２を閉塞し、かつ、第一弁部２１を開放する。よって第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒは低段側圧縮機３で圧縮された後に高段側圧縮機４で圧縮される。 [A mode]
The case where T1 <T2 is the A mode (first state). In the present mode, as shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 30 closes the second valve unit 22 so that the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 is introduced into the lower stage compressor 3, and The valve 21 is opened. Therefore, the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 is compressed by the low pressure side compressor 3 and then compressed by the high pressure side compressor 4.

さらに本モードでは、制御部３０は第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３を経由せずに高段側圧縮機４のみに導入されるように第三弁部２３を閉塞し、かつ、第四弁部２４を開放する。よって第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒは高段側圧縮機４のみで圧縮される。   Furthermore, in the present mode, the control unit 30 closes the third valve unit 23 so that the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 is introduced only to the high-stage compressor 4 without passing through the low-stage compressor 3 And the fourth valve portion 24 is opened. Therefore, the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 is compressed only by the high stage compressor 4.

〔Ｂモード〕
Ｔ１＞Ｔ２となっている場合がＢモード（第二状態）である。本モードでは、制御部３０は、図３に示すように第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３を経由せずに高段側圧縮機４のみに導入されるように第一弁部２１を閉塞し、かつ、第二弁部２２を開放する。よって第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒは低段側圧縮機３を経由せずに高段側圧縮機４のみで圧縮される。 [B mode]
The case where T1> T2 is the B mode (second state). In this mode, as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 30 is configured such that the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 is introduced only to the high stage compressor 4 without passing through the low stage compressor 3. The first valve portion 21 is closed and the second valve portion 22 is opened. Therefore, the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 is compressed only by the high-stage compressor 4 without passing through the low-stage compressor 3.

さらに本モードでは、制御部３０は第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３に導入されるように第四弁部２４を閉塞し、かつ、第三弁部２３を開放する。よって第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒは低段側圧縮機３で圧縮された後に高段側圧縮機４で圧縮される。   Furthermore, in the present mode, the control unit 30 closes the fourth valve unit 24 so that the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 is introduced to the lower stage compressor 3 and opens the third valve unit 23. . Therefore, the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 is compressed by the low pressure side compressor 3 and then compressed by the high pressure side compressor 4.

〔Ｃモード〕
Ｔ１≒Ｔ２となっているとともに、凝縮器５から流出する冷媒Ｒの温度と、Ｔ１及びＴ２とが同等である場合がＣモードである。本モードでは制御部３０は、図４に示すように低段側圧縮機３の運転を停止する。さらに第一蒸発器１１及び第二蒸発器１２から流出した冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３を経由せずに高段側圧縮機４のみに導入されるように、第一弁部２１及び第三弁部２３を閉塞し、かつ、第二弁部２２及び第四弁部２４を開放する。よって第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒ及び第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒはともに低段側圧縮機３を経由せずに高段側圧縮機４のみで圧縮される。 [C mode]
When T1CT2, the temperature of the refrigerant R flowing out of the condenser 5 and the case where T1 and T2 are equal to each other are in the C mode. In this mode, the control unit 30 stops the operation of the low-stage compressor 3 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the first valve portion 21 and the first valve portion 21 are arranged such that the refrigerant R flowing out of the first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12 is introduced only into the high stage compressor 4 without passing through the low stage compressor 3. The three-valve portion 23 is closed, and the second valve portion 22 and the fourth valve portion 24 are opened. Therefore, both the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 and the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 are compressed only by the high-stage compressor 4 without passing through the low-stage compressor 3.

〔Ｄモード〕
Ｔ１≒Ｔ２となっているとともに、凝縮器５から流出する冷媒Ｒの温度と、Ｔ１及びＴ２との温度差が大きい場合がＤモードである。本モードでは制御部３０は、図５に示すように第一蒸発器１１及び第二蒸発器１２から流出した冷媒Ｒが低段側圧縮機３に導入されるように、第二弁部２２及び第四弁部２４を閉塞し、かつ、第一弁部２１及び第三弁部２３を開放する。よって第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒ及び第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒはともに低段側圧縮機３で圧縮された後に高段側圧縮機４で圧縮される。 [D mode]
When T1 モ ー ド T2 and the temperature difference between the temperature of the refrigerant R flowing out of the condenser 5 and T1 and T2 is large, the mode is the D mode. In this mode, as shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 30 causes the second valve unit 22 and the second valve unit 22 to introduce the refrigerant R that has flowed out of the first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12 into the lower stage compressor 3. The fourth valve portion 24 is closed, and the first valve portion 21 and the third valve portion 23 are opened. Accordingly, the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 and the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 are both compressed by the low-stage compressor 3 and then compressed by the high-stage compressor 4.

以上説明した本実施形態のヒートポンプ１では、第一蒸発器１１と第二蒸発器１２を備えている。即ち、ヒートポンプ１は、それぞれ熱交換量や設置環境の異なる複数の熱交換器、即ち第一蒸発器１１と第二蒸発器１２とを有するマルチソース型の冷媒回路２を有する。   The heat pump 1 of the present embodiment described above includes the first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12. That is, the heat pump 1 has a multi-source type refrigerant circuit 2 having a plurality of heat exchangers having different amounts of heat exchange and installation environments, that is, a first evaporator 11 and a second evaporator 12.

ここで、各々の蒸発器１０では負荷（熱交換量）が変動して冷媒Ｒの温度が変化することで、低段側圧縮機３及び高段側圧縮機４に向かう冷媒Ｒの状態が、これら低段側圧縮機３及び高段側圧縮機４での圧縮に最適な状態ではなくなる場合がある。本実施形態では制御部３０によって第一流路Ｃ１、第二流路Ｃ２、第三流路Ｃ３、及び第四流路Ｃ４を、第一弁部２１、第二弁部２２、第三弁部２３、及び第四弁部２４で開閉させることで、第一蒸発器１１から低段側圧縮機３へ冷媒Ｒを導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機３をバイパスして直接に高段側圧縮機４へ冷媒Ｒを導入することができる。   Here, in each of the evaporators 10, the load (heat exchange amount) fluctuates to change the temperature of the refrigerant R, whereby the state of the refrigerant R toward the low pressure side compressor 3 and the high pressure side compressor 4 is In some cases, the low-stage compressor 3 and the high-stage compressor 4 may not be in the optimum state for compression. In the present embodiment, the first flow path C1, the second flow path C2, the third flow path C3, and the fourth flow path C4 are divided into the first valve portion 21, the second valve portion 22, and the third valve portion 23 by the control unit 30. By opening and closing with the fourth valve portion 24, not only the refrigerant R is introduced from the first evaporator 11 to the low-stage compressor 3, but the low-stage compressor 3 is bypassed directly to the high-stage side. The refrigerant R can be introduced into the compressor 4.

さらに、このような第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒの流通経路の切換えと同時に、第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒの流通経路の切換えも可能である。即ち、第二蒸発器１２から低段側圧縮機３へ冷媒Ｒを導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機３をバイパスして直接に高段側圧縮機４へ冷媒Ｒを導入させることができる。   Furthermore, simultaneously with the switching of the flow path of the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11, the switching of the flow path of the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 is also possible. That is, not only the refrigerant R is introduced from the second evaporator 12 to the low stage compressor 3 but also the refrigerant R is introduced directly to the high stage compressor 4 by bypassing the low stage compressor 3. it can.

具体的には、上記のＡモードからＤモードのように第一弁部２１、第二弁部２２、第三弁部２３、及び第四弁部２４を動作させることで、各蒸発器１０（１１、１２）から流出した冷媒Ｒの状態に応じて、低段側圧縮機３か、高段側圧縮機４のうち、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ冷媒Ｒの導入経路を切換えることができる。よって圧縮に最適な状態の冷媒Ｒを低段側圧縮機３、及び高段側圧縮機４に導入でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   Specifically, by operating the first valve portion 21, the second valve portion 22, the third valve portion 23, and the fourth valve portion 24 as in the mode A to the mode D described above, each evaporator 10 ( According to the state of the refrigerant R having flowed out from 11, 12), the introduction path of the refrigerant R may be switched to the compressor capable of optimum compression among the low-stage compressor 3 or the high-stage compressor 4. it can. Therefore, the refrigerant R in a state optimum for compression can be introduced into the low stage compressor 3 and the high stage compressor 4, and efficient operation can be performed.

さらに、制御部３０が設けられていることで、第一蒸発器１１及び第二蒸発器１２の各々から流出した冷媒Ｒの状態に応じて、低段側圧縮機３及び高段側圧縮機４のうち、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ、冷媒Ｒの導入経路を自動的に切換えることができる。   Furthermore, according to the state of the refrigerant R that has flowed out from each of the first evaporator 11 and the second evaporator 12, the low-stage compressor 3 and the high-stage compressor 4 are provided by the control unit 30. Of these, the introduction path of the refrigerant R can be automatically switched to a compressor capable of optimal compression.

また、ＡモードとＢモードとの間で冷媒Ｒの流れを切り替えることができることで、第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒを低段側圧縮機３と高段側圧縮機４とのいずれにも導入させることが可能になると同時に、第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒを低段側圧縮機３と高段側圧縮機４とのいずれにも導入させることが可能になる。   Further, since the flow of the refrigerant R can be switched between the A mode and the B mode, the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 can be used as either the low stage compressor 3 or the high stage compressor 4. At the same time, it becomes possible to introduce the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 into both the low-stage compressor 3 and the high-stage compressor 4.

即ち、第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒと第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒの流れが互いに干渉することなく、第一蒸発器１１からの冷媒Ｒの流れと第二蒸発器１２からの冷媒Ｒの流れとをクロスさせるようにして冷媒Ｒを流通させ、低段側圧縮機３、高段側圧縮機４へ流入させることが可能となる。よって運転の自由度が高まる。   That is, the flow of the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 and the refrigerant from the second evaporator 12 do not cause the refrigerant R from the first evaporator 11 and the flows of the refrigerant R from the second evaporator 12 to interfere with each other. It is possible to cause the refrigerant R to flow so as to cross the flow of R and to flow into the low pressure side compressor 3 and the high pressure side compressor 4. Therefore, the degree of freedom in driving is enhanced.

以上、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、各実施形態における各構成及びそれらの組み合わせ等は一例であり、本発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲内で、構成の付加、省略、置換、およびその他の変更が可能である。また、本発明は実施形態によって限定されることはなく、特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定される。
例えば、制御部３０は必ずしも設けなくともよい。この場合、手動で第一弁部２１、第二弁部２２、第三弁部２３、及び第四弁部２４を開閉動作させてもよい。 The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the respective configurations and the combinations thereof and the like in the respective embodiments are merely examples, and additions and omissions of configurations are possible within the scope of the present invention. , Substitution, and other changes are possible. Further, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments, and is limited only by the scope of claims.
For example, the control unit 30 may not necessarily be provided. In this case, the first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 may be manually opened and closed.

また、蒸発器１０は三つ以上設けてもよく、蒸発器１０の数量は上述の場合に限定されない。   Also, three or more evaporators 10 may be provided, and the number of evaporators 10 is not limited to the above.

１…ヒートポンプ
２…冷媒回路
３…低段側圧縮機
４…高段側圧縮機
５…凝縮器
６…膨張弁（膨張機構）
１０…蒸発器
１１…第一蒸発器
１２…第二蒸発器
１５…配管
２１…第一弁部
２２…第二弁部
２３…第三弁部
２４…第四弁部
３０…制御部
Ｒ…冷媒
Ｒ１、Ｒ２、Ｒ３…熱媒体
Ｃ１…第一流路
Ｃ２…第二流路
Ｃ３…第三流路
Ｃ４…第四流路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat pump 2 ... Refrigerant circuit 3 ... Low stage side compressor 4 ... High stage side compressor 5 ... Condenser 6 ... Expansion valve (expansion mechanism)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Evaporator 11 ... 1st evaporator 12 ... 2nd evaporator 15 ... Piping 21 ... 1st valve part 22 ... 2nd valve part 23 ... 3rd valve part 24 ... 4th valve part 30 ... Control part R ... Refrigerant R1, R2, R3 ... heat medium C1 ... first channel C2 ... second channel C3 ... third channel C4 ... fourth channel

本発明の第一の態様に係るヒートポンプは、低段側圧縮機と、前記低段側圧縮機の下流側に直列に接続された高段側圧縮機と、前記高段側圧縮機の下流側に接続された凝縮器と、前記凝縮器の下流側に接続された膨張機構と、前記膨張機構の下流側に並列に接続された第一蒸発器及び第二蒸発器と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第一流路、及び該第一流路を開閉する第一弁部と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第二流路、及び該第二流路を開閉する第二弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第三流路、及び該第三流路を開閉する第三弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第四流路、及び該第四流路を開閉する第四弁部と、前記第一蒸発器及び前記第二蒸発器での負荷に応じて、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する制御部と、を備え、前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器からの冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させる第一状態と、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの前記冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させる第二状態とを切換え可能に、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御し、前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度が前記第二蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度よりも小さい場合には前記第一状態に切り換え、前記第一蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度が前記第二蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度よりも大きい場合には前記第二状態に切り換えるように前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する。 A heat pump according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a low-stage compressor, a high-stage compressor connected in series downstream of the low-stage compressor, and a downstream side of the high-stage compressor , An expansion mechanism connected to the downstream side of the condenser, a first evaporator and a second evaporator connected in parallel to the downstream side of the expansion mechanism, and the first evaporator First flow path connecting between the downstream side of the lower stage compressor and the upstream side of the low stage side compressor, a first valve unit for opening and closing the first flow path, and a high stage side compressor downstream of the first evaporator A second flow path connecting the upstream side of the second flow path, a second valve unit for opening and closing the second flow path, and a downstream side of the second evaporator and an upstream side of the low-stage compressor A third flow path to be connected, a third valve portion for opening and closing the third flow path, and a fourth flow path to connect between the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor And the fourth A fourth valve portion for opening and closing the road, according to the load in the first evaporator and the second evaporator, the first valve portion, the second valve portion, the third valve portion, and the fourth A control unit that controls the opening and closing operation of the valve unit , wherein the control unit causes the refrigerant from the first evaporator to be introduced into the low-stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator The first state to be directly introduced into the high stage side compressor, and the refrigerant from the first evaporator is directly introduced into the high stage side compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is provided. The opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit are controlled so as to be switchable to the second state introduced to the low-stage compressor, When the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator is smaller than the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator, the control unit If the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator is higher than the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator, the first valve is switched to the second state. The opening / closing operation of the unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit is controlled.

このように、ヒートポンプは第一蒸発器と第二蒸発器を備えている。即ち、ヒートポンプは、それぞれ熱交換量や設置環境の異なる複数の熱交換器を有するマルチソース型の冷媒回路を有する。
ここで、各々の蒸発器では熱交換量が変動して冷媒の温度が変化することで、低段側圧縮機及び高段側圧縮機に向かう冷媒の状態がこれら低段側圧縮機及び高段側圧縮機での圧縮に最適な状態ではなくなってしまう場合がある。ここで第一流路、第二流路、第三流路、及び第四流路を第一弁、第二弁、第三弁、及び第四弁でそれぞれ開閉することで、第一蒸発器から低段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機をバイパスして直接高段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入させることができる。さらに、このような第一蒸発器から圧縮機への冷媒の導入経路の切換えと同時に、第二蒸発器から圧縮機への冷媒の導入経路の切換えも可能である。即ち、第二蒸発器から低段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するだけでなく、低段側圧縮機をバイパスして直接高段側圧縮機へ冷媒を導入させることができる。
よって、各蒸発器から流出した冷媒の状態に応じて、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ冷媒の導入経路を切換えることができる。
また、このような制御部を備えることで、各蒸発器から流出した冷媒の状態に応じて、最適な圧縮が可能な圧縮機へ冷媒を導入するように、冷媒の導入経路を自動的に切換えることができる。そして、第一状態と第二状態との間で冷媒の流れを切換えることができることで、第一蒸発器からの冷媒と第二蒸発器からの冷媒の流れが互いに干渉することなく、第一蒸発器からの冷媒の流れと第二蒸発器からの冷媒の流れとをクロスさせるようにして冷媒を流通させ、最適な圧縮機へ冷媒を導入可能である。よって運転の自由度が高まるとともに効率の良い運転が可能となる。 Thus, the heat pump comprises a first evaporator and a second evaporator. That is, the heat pump has a multi-source type refrigerant circuit having a plurality of heat exchangers having different amounts of heat exchange and installation environments.
Here, in each evaporator, the amount of heat exchange fluctuates and the temperature of the refrigerant changes, so that the state of the refrigerant directed to the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor is the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor. It may not be in the optimum state for compression in the side compressor. Here, by opening and closing the first flow passage, the second flow passage, the third flow passage and the fourth flow passage with the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve, respectively, from the first evaporator Not only the refrigerant can be introduced into the low-stage compressor, but the low-stage compressor can be bypassed to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor. Furthermore, simultaneously with switching of the introduction path of the refrigerant from the first evaporator to the compressor, switching of the introduction path of the refrigerant from the second evaporator to the compressor is also possible. That is, not only the refrigerant can be introduced from the second evaporator to the low-stage compressor, but the low-stage compressor can be bypassed to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor.
Therefore, according to the state of the refrigerant which flowed out of each evaporator, the introduction path of a refrigerant can be changed to the compressor in which optimal compression is possible.
Further, by providing such a control unit, the refrigerant introduction path is automatically switched so as to introduce the refrigerant into the compressor capable of optimum compression according to the state of the refrigerant flowing out from each evaporator. be able to. And since the flow of the refrigerant can be switched between the first state and the second state, the refrigerant flow from the first evaporator and the refrigerant flow from the second evaporator do not interfere with each other, and the first evaporation can be performed. It is possible to flow the refrigerant so as to cross the flow of the refrigerant from the unit and the flow of the refrigerant from the second evaporator, and introduce the refrigerant into the optimum compressor. Therefore, the degree of freedom in driving is enhanced and efficient driving is possible.

本発明の第二の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第一の態様において、前記制御部は、前記凝縮器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第一蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第二蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、が同等である場合には、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させるように前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御してもよい。In the heat pump according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the control unit is configured to determine a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator, and If the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the two evaporators is equal, the refrigerant from the first evaporator is directly introduced into the high-stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is The opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit may be controlled so as to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor.
また、本発明の第三の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第一又は第二の態様において、前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第二蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、が同等であり、かつ、前記第一蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度及び前記第二蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度と、前記凝縮器から流出する冷媒の温度との間に温度差が存在する場合には、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させるように前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御してもよい。Further, in the heat pump according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the control unit flows out of the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator and the temperature of the second evaporator. A temperature of the refrigerant equal to the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator, and a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser When there is a temperature difference between them, the refrigerant from the first evaporator is introduced into the low-stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is introduced into the low-stage compressor The opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit may be controlled so as to cause them to be closed.
また、本発明の第四の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第一から第三のいずれかの態様において、前記第一蒸発器の下流側は、前記第一流路及び前記第二流路によって、前記低段側圧縮機の上流側及び前記高段側圧縮機の上流側のみに接続され、前記第二蒸発器の下流側は、前記第三流路及び前記第四流路によって、前記低段側圧縮機の上流側及び前記高段側圧縮機の上流側のみに接続されていてもよい。In the heat pump according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first to third aspects, the downstream side of the first evaporator includes the first flow path and the second flow path. It is connected only to the upstream side of the low stage side compressor and the upstream side of the high stage side compressor, and the downstream side of the second evaporator is connected to the low stage side by the third flow path and the fourth flow path. It may be connected only to the upstream side of the compressor and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor.
また、本発明の第五の態様に係るヒートポンプは、上記第一から第四のいずれかの態様において、前記第一蒸発器の下流側及び前記第二蒸発器の下流側と、前記高段側圧縮機の上流側及び前記低段側圧縮機の上流側との間には、流路を開閉する弁として、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部のみが設けられていてもよい。In the heat pump according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the downstream side of the first evaporator and the downstream side of the second evaporator, and the high-stage side Between the upstream side of the compressor and the upstream side of the low-stage compressor, the first valve portion, the second valve portion, the third valve portion, and the third valve portion serve as valves for opening and closing the flow path. Only four valves may be provided.
また、本発明の第六の態様に係るヒートポンプは、低段側圧縮機と、前記低段側圧縮機の下流側に直列に接続された高段側圧縮機と、前記高段側圧縮機の下流側に接続された凝縮器と、前記凝縮器の下流側に接続された膨張機構と、前記膨張機構の下流側に並列に接続された第一蒸発器及び第二蒸発器と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第一流路、及び該第一流路を開閉する第一弁部と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第二流路、及び該第二流路を開閉する第二弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第三流路、及び該第三流路を開閉する第三弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第四流路、及び該第四流路を開閉する第四弁部と、前記第一蒸発器及び前記第二蒸発器での負荷に応じて、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する制御部と、を備え、前記制御部は、前記凝縮器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第一蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第二蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、が同等である場合には、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させるように前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する。A heat pump according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a low-stage compressor, a high-stage compressor connected in series downstream of the low-stage compressor, and the high-stage compressor. A condenser connected downstream, an expansion mechanism connected downstream of the condenser, a first evaporator and a second evaporator connected in parallel downstream of the expansion mechanism, the first A first flow path connecting between the downstream side of the evaporator and the upstream side of the low-stage compressor, a first valve portion for opening and closing the first flow path, and a high-stage side downstream of the first evaporator A second flow path connecting between the compressor and the upstream side, a second valve portion for opening and closing the second flow path, and a downstream side of the second evaporator and an upstream side of the low-stage compressor A third flow path connecting the third flow path, a third valve portion opening and closing the third flow path, and a fourth flow connecting the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor Road and The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve that opens and closes the fourth flow path, and the load on the first evaporator and the second evaporator. A control unit that controls the opening and closing operation of the fourth valve unit, the control unit including a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator, and the second When the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator is equal, the refrigerant from the first evaporator is directly introduced into the high-stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is The opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit are controlled so as to introduce the refrigerant directly into the high-stage compressor.
また、本発明の第七の態様に係るヒートポンプは、低段側圧縮機と、前記低段側圧縮機の下流側に直列に接続された高段側圧縮機と、前記高段側圧縮機の下流側に接続された凝縮器と、前記凝縮器の下流側に接続された膨張機構と、前記膨張機構の下流側に並列に接続された第一蒸発器及び第二蒸発器と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第一流路、及び該第一流路を開閉する第一弁部と、前記第一蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第二流路、及び該第二流路を開閉する第二弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第三流路、及び該第三流路を開閉する第三弁部と、前記第二蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第四流路、及び該第四流路を開閉する第四弁部と、前記第一蒸発器及び前記第二蒸発器での負荷に応じて、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する制御部と、を備え、前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、前記第二蒸発器から流出する冷媒の温度と、が同等であり、かつ、前記第一蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度及び前記第二蒸発器から流出する前記冷媒の温度と、前記凝縮器から流出する冷媒の温度との間に温度差が存在する場合には、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させるように前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する。A heat pump according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is a low-stage compressor, a high-stage compressor connected in series downstream of the low-stage compressor, and the high-stage compressor. A condenser connected downstream, an expansion mechanism connected downstream of the condenser, a first evaporator and a second evaporator connected in parallel downstream of the expansion mechanism, the first A first flow path connecting between the downstream side of the evaporator and the upstream side of the low-stage compressor, a first valve portion for opening and closing the first flow path, and a high-stage side downstream of the first evaporator A second flow path connecting between the compressor and the upstream side, a second valve portion for opening and closing the second flow path, and a downstream side of the second evaporator and an upstream side of the low-stage compressor A third flow path connecting the third flow path, a third valve portion opening and closing the third flow path, and a fourth flow connecting the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor Road and The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve that opens and closes the fourth flow path, and the load on the first evaporator and the second evaporator. A control unit that controls the opening / closing operation of the fourth valve unit, wherein the control unit controls the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator; Equal and there is a temperature difference between the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser If so, the first refrigerant is introduced into the low-stage compressor, and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is introduced into the low-stage compressor. The opening and closing operations of the valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit are controlled.

Claims (3)

低段側圧縮機と、
前記低段側圧縮機の下流側に直列に接続された高段側圧縮機と、
前記高段側圧縮機の下流側に接続された凝縮器と、
前記凝縮器の下流側に接続された膨張機構と、
前記膨張機構の下流側に並列に接続された第一蒸発器及び第二蒸発器と、
前記第一蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第一流路、及び該第一流路を開閉する第一弁部と、
前記第一蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第二流路、及び該第二流路を開閉する第二弁部と、
前記第二蒸発器の下流側と低段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第三流路、及び該第三流路を開閉する第三弁部と、
前記第二蒸発器の下流側と高段側圧縮機の上流側との間を接続する第四流路、及び該第四流路を開閉する第四弁部と、
を備えるヒートポンプ。 Low-stage compressor,
A high-stage compressor connected in series downstream of the low-stage compressor;
A condenser connected downstream of the high stage compressor;
An expansion mechanism connected downstream of the condenser;
A first evaporator and a second evaporator connected in parallel on the downstream side of the expansion mechanism;
A first flow path connecting between the downstream side of the first evaporator and the upstream side of the low-stage compressor, and a first valve portion opening and closing the first flow path;
A second flow path connecting between the downstream side of the first evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor, and a second valve portion opening and closing the second flow path;
A third flow path connecting between the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the low-stage compressor, and a third valve portion opening and closing the third flow path;
A fourth flow path connecting between the downstream side of the second evaporator and the upstream side of the high-stage compressor, and a fourth valve portion opening and closing the fourth flow path;
Heat pump with. 前記第一蒸発器及び前記第二蒸発器での負荷に応じて、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する制御部をさらに備える請求項１に記載のヒートポンプ。   A control unit that controls the opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit according to the load on the first evaporator and the second evaporator. The heat pump according to claim 1, further comprising: 前記制御部は、前記第一蒸発器からの冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させる第一状態と、前記第一蒸発器からの前記冷媒を直接に前記高段側圧縮機に導入させ、かつ、前記第二蒸発器からの前記冷媒を前記低段側圧縮機に導入させる第二状態とを切換え可能に、前記第一弁部、前記第二弁部、前記第三弁部、及び前記第四弁部の開閉動作を制御する請求項２に記載のヒートポンプ。   A first state in which the control unit causes the refrigerant from the first evaporator to be introduced to the low-stage compressor and causes the refrigerant from the second evaporator to be introduced directly to the high-stage compressor; Switching between the second state in which the refrigerant from the first evaporator is directly introduced into the high-stage compressor and the refrigerant from the second evaporator is introduced into the low-stage compressor The heat pump according to claim 2, which controls the opening and closing operations of the first valve unit, the second valve unit, the third valve unit, and the fourth valve unit.
JP2017215660A 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 heat pump Active JP6373469B1 (en)

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