JP2019080559A - Black tea leaves comprising rose leaves and method of producing those black tea leaves - Google Patents

Black tea leaves comprising rose leaves and method of producing those black tea leaves Download PDF

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JP2019080559A
JP2019080559A JP2018073629A JP2018073629A JP2019080559A JP 2019080559 A JP2019080559 A JP 2019080559A JP 2018073629 A JP2018073629 A JP 2018073629A JP 2018073629 A JP2018073629 A JP 2018073629A JP 2019080559 A JP2019080559 A JP 2019080559A
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leaves
rose
black tea
tea leaves
leaf
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中井結未衣
Yumie Nakai
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Rose School Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide, e.g., black tea leaves using, as tea leaves, leaves of different kinds than plants such as Camellia Sinensis, which is used as conventional tea leaves.SOLUTION: A method of producing black tea leaves using rose leaves as an ingredient comprises a step of freezing raw leaves. Also provided are rose black tea leaves, rose black tea leaf extracts, or processed products thereof, or drink and food products containing the same, and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、バラ(薔薇)の葉から成る紅茶葉、該紅茶葉の製造方法、該紅茶葉又はその抽出物を含む各種飲食品等に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a black tea leaf comprising rose leaves, a method for producing the black tea leaf, and various food and drink including the black tea leaf or an extract thereof.

一般的に、紅茶(葉)とは、摘み取った茶の葉と芽を萎凋(乾燥)させ、それをもみ込む(揉捻)ことによって茶の葉に最初から含まれている酸化酵素により完全発酵(空気中の酸素に触れて活性化した酸化酵素により、カテキン(ポリフェノールの一種)やペクチン、葉緑素(クロロフィル)が酸化発酵する)させ、乾燥させた強発酵茶葉を意味する。因みに、紅茶葉の語源はその抽出液の水色(すいしょく)から、また、英語の black tea はその茶葉の色に由来する。これに対して、緑茶は摘み取った茶の葉を蒸したり炒ったりすることによって酸化発酵を抑えたもの(不発酵茶)に分類され、一定程度だけ酸化酵素により発酵させたもの(「半発酵茶」又は「部分発酵茶」)の代表例が烏龍茶や包種茶である。   In general, black tea (leaf) is completely fermented by oxidizing enzymes originally contained in tea leaves by withering (drying) the picked tea leaves and shoots and withdrawing (drying) them By oxidative enzymes activated by contact with oxygen in the air, catechin (a type of polyphenol), pectin, and chlorophyll (chlorophyll) are oxidized and fermented, and dried to mean strongly-fermented tea leaves. By the way, the word source of black tea leaves is derived from the light blue color of the extract, and the English black tea is derived from the color of the tea leaves. On the other hand, green tea is classified as one which suppresses oxidative fermentation (non-fermented tea) by steaming or roasting the picked tea leaves (non-fermented tea), and fermented by an oxidizing enzyme only to a certain extent Or "partially fermented tea" is a representative example of oolong tea or burl tea.

お茶の学名は、カメリア・シネンシス(Camellia Sinensis)であり、つばき科つばき属の一員で、大きく分けて、茶葉の小さな中国種(ver.Sinensis)、その変種とされるアッサム種(ver.Assamica)がある。   The scientific name of tea is Camellia Sinensis, which is a member of the camellia spp genus, and roughly divided into a small Chinese species of tea leaf (ver. Sinensis), and a variety of Assam species (ver. Assamica) There is.

[紅茶葉の一般的な製法]
紅茶葉の製法には以下のものがある。
(1)以下の工程を含むオーソドックス製法
1.萎凋(いちょう)“Withering”
2.揉捻(じゅうねん)“Rolling”
3.玉解き・ふるい分け“Roll-breaking”“Green-Sifting”
4.発酵“Fermentation”
5.乾燥“Firing”
[General preparation of tea leaves]
There are the following methods for making tea leaves.
(1) Orthodox production method including the following steps: Withering "Withering"
2. Twisting "Rolling"
3. Ball unrolling and screening "Roll-breaking""Green-Sifting"
4. Fermentation "Fermentation"
5. Dry "Firing"

(2)アン・オーソドックス製法
1.CTC製法“CTC Manufacturing”
オーソドックス製法で使用される通常の「揉捻機」に代えて、特殊な設計のCTC(“CRUSH(押しつぶす)”“TEAR(引き裂く)”“CURL(丸める)”)機というステンレス製の2本のローラーからなる揉捻機を用いて、ローラーの回転を利用してすき間に葉を巻き込み、ローラーに取り付けた突起物や刃型で、茶葉の細胞組織を破壊・切断し、1〜2mm粒状に丸める製法。ティーバッグの原料に使用されることが多い。
2.ローターバン製法“Rotorvan Manufacturing”
ローターバンという大型の揉捻機で、「肉ひき機」の原理を利用した製法。複数台を使用し、投入口から萎凋後の茶葉を押し込み、圧搾して細かくする。
(2) Ann ・ orthodox manufacturing method 1. CTC process "CTC Manufacturing"
Two stainless steel rollers called CTC (“CRUSH”, “TEAR”, “CURL (rolling up)) machine of special design instead of the usual“ twisting machine ”used in orthodox manufacturing process A method of rolling the leaf into a gap of 1 to 2 mm by breaking and cutting the cell tissue of tea leaf with a protrusion or a blade type, using a roller twister and winding the leaf in the gap using the roller twister. Often used as a raw material for tea bags.
2. Rotorvan production "Rotorvan Manufacturing"
This is a large scale twisting machine called a rotor van, and it is a manufacturing method using the principle of "meat grinder". Use a plurality of machines, press the tea leaves after withering from the inlet and squeeze them into small pieces.

(3)セミオーソドックス製法
オーソドックス製法による揉捻工程の後に、ローターバン機に通すことでオーソドックス製法に近い香りと味わいを生かしながら、より短時間で製造する方法。
(3) Semi-Orthodox Manufacturing Method A method of manufacturing in a shorter time while taking advantage of the aroma and taste close to the orthodox manufacturing method by passing it through a rotarban machine after the twisting step by the orthodox manufacturing method.

このような紅茶葉(葉)の製法に関する従来技術として、例えば、以下の例を挙げることが出来る。   As a prior art regarding the manufacturing method of such a black-tea leaf (leaf), the following example can be mentioned, for example.

特許文献1には、紅茶葉の芳香を促進するために、萎凋(枯らす)工程の前に茶葉(カメリア・シネンシス)をジャスモン酸等の老化調整剤で処理することを特徴とするリーフ紅茶葉の製造方法が記載されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses that leaf tea leaves are treated with an aging regulator such as jasmonate prior to the withering step to promote the aroma of black tea leaves. The manufacturing method is described.

また、特許文献2には、緑茶用製造プラントを用いて紅茶葉を製造するいくつかの方法が記載されているが、いずれも生葉管理機を用いた萎凋工程が実施されている。   Moreover, although the several method which manufactures a black-tea leaf using a manufacturing plant for green tea is described in patent document 2, the wilting process using a fresh-leaf management machine is implemented in all.

更に、特許文献3には、CTC製法による揉捻機を用いることなく、揉捻工程を行う紅茶葉の製造方法として、せん断および摩擦による機械的処理によって、萎凋した茶葉から実質的に葉によじれのない状態の茶葉を得ることを特徴とする揉捻工程、ならびに発酵工程および乾燥工程を含む、実質的に葉によじれのない紅茶葉の製造方法、この方法によって得られる紅茶葉、ならびに、この紅茶葉を利用した飲食品が記載されている。茶葉の種類等については特に記載されていない。   Further, in Patent Document 3, as a method for producing a black leaf which carries out a twisting step without using a twister by the CTC production method, it is substantially free from leaf distortion from a wilted tea leaf by mechanical processing by shear and friction. A method of producing a substantially untwisted black leaf comprising a brewing step characterized by obtaining a tea leaf in a state, and a fermentation step and a drying step, a black leaf obtained by this method, and the black leaf The used food and drink are listed. There is no description on the type of tea leaves.

緑茶用製造プラントの生葉管理機(C1)を用いて茶葉を減水させて茶葉の萎凋を行なう萎凋工程P1と、緑茶用製造プラントの蒸機(C2)を用いて萎凋工程P1後の茶葉を破砕圧壊する茶葉破砕工程P2と、蒸葉処理機(C3),葉打ち機(C4)および該粗揉機(C5),(C6)のうちの少なくとも一つを用いて茶葉を減水させて萎凋補足を行なう萎凋補足工程P3と、緑茶用製造プラントの揉捻機(C7)を用いて萎凋補足工程P3後の茶葉と空気との混合を促進させて茶葉の発酵を促進させる揉捻加重工程P4とを含む。茶葉の種類等については特に記載されていない。   Tea leaves are shattered and crushed after withering process P1 for reducing tea leaves by using fresh leaf management machine (C1) of manufacturing plant for green tea and withering process P1 for making tea leaves with a steaming machine (C2) for manufacturing plant for green tea Water recovery is performed by reducing the amount of tea leaves using at least one of the following: a leaf breaking step P2, a steamed leaf processing machine (C3), a leaf punch (C4), and the roughing machines (C5) and (C6) It includes a withering and complementing step P3 and a straining step P4 for promoting mixing of the tea leaves and air after the withering and complementing step P3 using the beating machine (C7) of the green tea production plant to promote fermentation of the tea leaves. There is no description on the type of tea leaves.

更に、紅茶葉の製法に関連する従来技術として、特許文献4には、紅茶葉等の加工工程に於いて、最初の揉捻工程以降に、乾燥機に投入せずに、急速冷凍して保存することを特徴とする茶葉の保存方法が記載されている。尚、急速冷凍の具体的な手段・条件等及び茶葉の種類等についての記載はない。   Furthermore, as a prior art relating to a method for producing black tea leaves, in patent document 4, in the processing step of black tea leaves, etc., it is rapidly frozen and stored without being fed into a drier after the first twisting step. A method of preserving tea leaves is described which is characterized. In addition, there is no description about the specific means of rapid freezing, conditions, etc. and the kind of tea leaf etc.

特許文献5には、食用に供する生茶葉に含まれるビタミンC等の各種ビタミン群及び各種ミネラル等の有用成分が発酵等により変質することを防ぐ目的で、−15℃以下に急速に凍結されたことを特徴とする冷凍茶葉が記載されている。急速冷凍の具体的な手段・条件としては、例えば、−30℃〜−40℃近辺に冷やされた空気、窒素、炭酸ガス、アンモニア等を吹き付ける方法、−20℃〜−30℃近辺に冷やされたアルコール水溶液等の液体中に浸漬する方法が記載されている。茶葉の種類等についての記載はない。   Patent Document 5 rapidly frozen below -15 ° C. for the purpose of preventing deterioration due to fermentation or the like of various vitamin groups such as vitamin C and useful components such as various minerals contained in fresh tea leaves for food use. Frozen tea leaves are described which are characterized. Specific means and conditions for rapid freezing include, for example, a method of blowing air cooled to around -30 ° C to -40 ° C, nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia etc., chilled to around -20 ° C to -30 ° C Describes a method of immersion in a liquid such as an aqueous alcohol solution. There is no description about the type of tea leaves etc.

特許文献6には、急速冷凍処理された生茶葉から生茶葉抽出エキスを抽出する製造方法が記載されている。ここで、急速冷凍処理とは0℃以下まで冷凍開始より1時間以内に冷却することである旨、記載され、その為に使用する装置として、IQF凍結装置、ブライン凍結装置、急速冷凍庫等が挙げられている。又、生茶葉の例として、カメリア・シネンシスが挙げられている。   Patent Document 6 describes a production method of extracting a fresh tea leaf extract from quick-chilled fresh tea leaves. Here, it is stated that rapid freezing is to cool to 0 ° C. or less within one hour from the start of freezing, and devices used for this include IQF freezing device, brine freezing device, rapid freezer, etc. It is done. As an example of fresh tea leaves, Camellia sinensis is mentioned.

特開2000−325018号公報JP 2000-325018 A 特開2009−232731号公報JP, 2009-232731, A 特開2012−135265号公報JP 2012-135265 A 特開2006−217803号公報JP, 2006-217803, A 特開2000−50798号公報JP 2000-50798 A 特開2011−130740号公報JP, 2011-130740, A

乾燥させたバラの花弁をポットに入れ熱湯をそそぎ、抽出したお茶や、乾燥させたバラの花弁を既存の紅茶葉に混ぜ、一定期間密閉放置して、香りを移したハーブティは、すでに広く出回っている。また、イブン・シーナ(980年〜1037年)によって発明された水蒸気蒸留法をもちいて、バラの花弁から芳香蒸留水や精油を抽出し、コスメ・食品・雑貨などに使用されている。   Put dried rose petals in a pot and pour in boiling water, mix extracted tea and dried rose petals with existing black tea leaves and leave it for a while for a while, and the herb tea that has transferred its aroma has already been widely distributed. ing. In addition, aromatic distilled water and essential oils are extracted from the petals of rose by the steam distillation method invented by Ibn Sina (980 to 1037) and used for cosmetics, foods, sundries and the like.

本発明の目的は、従来から茶葉として使用されているカメリア・シネンシス(Camellia Sinensis)のような植物とは異なるバラの葉を茶葉として使用した紅茶葉等を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide black tea leaves and the like in which a rose leaf different from a plant such as Camellia Sinensis conventionally used as a tea leaf is used as a tea leaf.

本発明者は、花弁の香りが強いバラの「葉」は、香りの弱いバラの「葉」に比べ、虫の食害が多いことから、バラの「葉」にも酸化発酵の原料となる各種の芳香成分が含まれるのではないかと考え、バラの葉から成る紅茶葉の製造方法を研究した。その結果、従来の紅茶葉の製造方法には見られない新たな製造方法を用いることにより、それを用いて通常の方法で入れた紅茶(例えば、沸騰した湯を紅茶葉の上に注いで抽出した飲料)が、香り、コク、後味、余韻等に優れた非常に美味な飲料であることを初めて見出し、本発明を完成した。   The inventor of the present invention found that the "leaf" of a rose having a strong petal smell is more harmful to insects than the "leaf" of a weak rose. The method of producing black tea leaves consisting of rose leaves was studied, considering that the aroma component of As a result, by using a new production method not found in conventional methods for producing black tea leaves, black tea poured in a usual manner using it (for example, boiling water is poured onto the black tea leaves for extraction The present invention was completed for the first time to find that the beverage (a) is a very delicious beverage excellent in aroma, richness, aftertaste, aftertaste and the like.

本発明は、以下の[1]〜[9]の態様に関する。
[態様1]
バラの葉を原料として用いる紅茶葉の製造方法であって、生葉の凍結工程を含むことを特徴とする、前記方法。
[態様2]
凍結工程が、バラの生葉を-50〜-20℃の温度下に、少なくとも15分〜2時間、保持することから成る、態様1記載の方法。
[態様3]
以下の工程を含む、態様1又は2記載の方法:
1.生葉の凍結;
2.発酵;及び
3.乾燥。
[態様4]
発酵工程の前及び/若しくは後に行う揉捻工程、並びに/又は、乾燥工程の前に追加の発酵工程を含む、態様3記載の方法。
[態様5]
以下の各工程を順に含む、態様4記載の方法:
生葉の凍結;
一次揉捻;
一次発酵;
二次揉捻;
二次発酵;
焙煎;及び
乾燥。
[態様6]
バラが原種系バラである、態様1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[態様7]
バラが浪花茨(ナニワイバラ)又はカザンリクである態様6記載の方法。
[態様8]
バラの紅茶葉、バラの紅茶葉の抽出物、若しくは、これらの加工品、又は、それらを含む飲食品。
[態様9]
バラが浪花茨(ナニワイバラ)又はカザンリクである、請求項8記載のバラの紅茶葉、バラの紅茶葉の抽出物、若しくは、これらの加工品、又は、それらを含む飲食品。
The present invention relates to the embodiments of the following [1] to [9].
[Aspect 1]
It is a manufacturing method of the black-tea leaf which uses a rose leaf as a raw material, Comprising: The freezing process of the fresh leaf is included, The said method characterized by the above-mentioned.
[Aspect 2]
The method according to aspect 1, wherein the freezing step comprises holding fresh rose leaves at a temperature of -50 to -20 ° C for at least 15 minutes to 2 hours.
[Aspect 3]
The method according to aspect 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
1. Freezing of fresh leaves;
2. Fermentation; and Dry.
[Aspect 4]
A method according to aspect 3, comprising a straining step performed before and / or after the fermentation step, and / or an additional fermentation step before the drying step.
[Aspect 5]
The method according to aspect 4, comprising the following steps in order:
Freezing of fresh leaves;
Primary torsion;
Primary fermentation;
Secondary torsion;
Secondary fermentation;
Roasted; and dried.
[Aspect 6]
Aspect 6. The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the rose is a progenitor rose.
[Aspect 7]
The method according to Aspect 6, wherein the rose is Naniwaibara or Kazanlik.
[Aspect 8]
Black tea leaves of rose, extracts of black tea leaves of rose, or processed products thereof, or food and drink containing them.
[Aspect 9]
9. A rose black tea leaf, an extract of rose black tea leaf, or a processed product thereof, or a food or drink containing them, according to claim 8, wherein the rose is Naniwaibara or Kazanlik.

本発明によって、バラの葉を原料とした、香り、コク、後味、余韻等に優れた非常に美味な紅茶葉を提供することが可能となる。更に、このバラの紅茶葉を用いた紅茶、それからの抽出物、及び、それらを含む各種の食品等を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide extremely delicious black tea leaves excellent in aroma, richness, aftertaste, aftertone, etc., using rose leaves as a raw material. Furthermore, it is possible to provide black tea using this rose black tea leaf, an extract therefrom, various food products including them, and the like.

[従来の紅茶葉の製造方法]
まず、従来のオーソドックス製法に基づき紅茶葉の製造方法における各工程を説明する。
[Conventional tea leaf manufacturing method]
First, each step in the method for producing black tea leaves will be described based on the conventional orthodox production method.

1.萎凋(いちょう)“Withering”工程
摘み採った生葉の総重量の約77%は水分であり、萎凋は、次の揉む工程で作業をやりやすくするため、生葉に含まれている水分の約半分を平均的に取り除く工程である。摘み採った生葉を網や麻布でできた萎凋棚に広げて、15〜20時間、日陰干しにする「自然萎凋」や、8〜15時間、大量の温風を送ってしおれさせる「人工萎凋」がある。その結果、葉がしおれた状態で握りしめたときに弾力性がなく、握力をゆるめても塊が解けず、茶葉に指の痕が残る程度の状態となる。
1. About 77% of the total weight of fresh leaves picked is moisture, and withering is about half of the moisture contained in the fresh leaves to make it easier to work in the next step of chewing. It is a process of removing on average. Spread the picked fresh leaves on a wilting shelf made of netting and linen, and use "natural wilting" to dry in shade for 15 to 20 hours, or "artificial wilting" to send large amounts of warm air for 8 to 15 hours. There is. As a result, when the leaf is squeezed in a squeezed state, there is no elasticity, and even if the grip strength is loosened, the lump does not melt, and the tea leaf leaves a mark of a finger.

2.揉捻(じゅうねん)“Rolling”工程
茶葉に撚れを与えて、茶葉の細胞組織を破壊し、葉の中の酸化酵素を含んだ成分を外部に絞り出し、空気に触れさせて酸化発酵を促して形を整える工程である。この酸化発酵によって紅茶葉の香り・味・コク・水色のベースがつくられる。揉捻発酵時間は通常、45〜90分程度であるが、酸化発酵が進み過ぎるため、発酵を抑える目的で以下の玉解機にかけ、冷却して再び揉む作業を繰り返す。この間に、茶葉は60〜70%程度酸化発酵されるので、この工程は発酵工程とも考えられる。通常、「揉捻機」と呼ばれる機械(代表的な構成では、鋳物の支え台の上に設置された「揉盤」と呼ばれる円盤と、わずかな間隔をあけてその上に吊るされた「揉胴」と呼ばれる円筒から成る)を用いて、揉盤と揉胴との間に萎凋を終えた葉を入れて、揉盤の上で、偏心的な円運動をさせて、葉に「よじる」及び「ひねる」等の操作を加える。
2. "Rolling" process Twisting the tea leaves, destroying the cell tissue of the tea leaves, squeezing out the components of the leaves containing the oxidizing enzyme, exposing them to the air to promote oxidative fermentation It is a process of adjusting the shape. By this oxidative fermentation, the base of aroma, taste, richness and light blue of black tea leaves is created. The strain fermentation time is usually about 45 to 90 minutes, but oxidative fermentation proceeds too much, so for the purpose of suppressing fermentation, it is put on the following deagglomerator to repeat the work of cooling and re-cooking. During this time, since the tea leaves are oxidatively fermented by about 60 to 70%, this process is also considered as a fermentation process. Usually, a machine called a "twisting machine" (in a typical configuration, a disc called a "board" installed on a casting pedestal, and a "chassis cylinder suspended above it at a slight distance And put the leaf which has been withered between the lathe and the cylinder, and make an eccentric circular motion on the lathe to “twist” the leaves and Add operations such as "twist".

3.玉解き・ふるい分け“Roll-breaking”“Green-Sifting”工程
揉捻工程で茶葉は塊になるので、これをほどいて平均的に空気に触れるようにして、酸化発酵を促進する工程である。通常、自動玉解機(ふるい分け)を用いて行われる。
3. Ball unrolling and sieving “Roll-breaking” “Green-Sifting” process This is a process of promoting oxidative fermentation by unraveling the tea leaves into lumps in the straining process so that they are uncovered and exposed to air on average. Usually, it is performed using an automatic ball dissolver (sieving).

4.発酵“Fermentation”工程
酸化発酵を促進させる工程である。通常、室温(例えば、25〜26℃)、湿度90%程度の発酵室に茶葉を広げ、数時間放置する。この段階で、緑色だった葉が鮮やかな赤銅色になり、紅茶葉としての芳香を漂わせ始めるが、発酵しすぎると、紅茶葉の命である香気やアロマが損なわれ、水色も黒っぽくなる。
4. Fermentation "Fermentation" process This is a process to promote oxidative fermentation. Usually, the tea leaves are spread in a fermentation chamber at room temperature (for example, 25 to 26 ° C.) and a humidity of about 90%, and left for several hours. At this stage, the green leaves become bright red-copper and begin to give off the aroma as black tea leaves, but if fermented too much, the aroma and aroma that are the life of black tea leaves will be lost, and the light blue will also become blackish.

5.乾燥“Firing”工程
発酵終了時の茶葉の水分は約60%であり、引き続き化学変化が起こるため、乾燥機に入れ、100℃前後の高温熱風で茶葉を乾燥させ、酸化酵素による発酵を止める。
5. Drying "Firing" step The moisture of tea leaves at the end of fermentation is about 60%, and chemical change will occur, so put in a drier, dry the tea leaves with hot air at around 100 ° C, and stop the fermentation by oxidative enzyme.

[本発明によるバラの紅茶葉の製造方法]
以下に、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本発明は、バラの葉を原料として用いる紅茶葉(バラの紅茶葉)の製造方法であって、特に、発酵工程の前に、生葉の凍結工程を含むことを特徴とする。尚、本発明の製造方法は、上記のような従来の紅茶葉の製造方法に於ける各工程に準じた方法・条件等による任意の工程を適宜含むことが出来る。
[Method of producing rose black tea leaf according to the present invention]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention is a method for producing black tea leaves (rose black tea leaves) using rose leaves as a raw material, and is particularly characterized by including a fresh leaf freezing step prior to the fermentation step. Incidentally, the production method of the present invention can appropriately include optional steps according to the method, conditions and the like according to the respective steps in the conventional production method of black tea leaves as described above.

凍結工程は、バラの葉の細胞内水分が凍結し、その結果、液胞等の細胞オルガネラ及び細胞壁等の細胞組織が破壊され、紅茶葉の香り、コク、後味等を引き出す為の発酵をより効果的に促進する作用効果があると考えられる。一方、従来の方法で行われる「萎凋工程」は、生葉に含まれている水分の約半分を平均的に取り除く(葉を萎れさせて柔らかくし、その後の揉捻工程を容易にする)ために行われるものである。従って、凍結工程における上記の作用・効果を得るには、バラの葉の細胞内に十分な水分が保持されていることが好ましく、上記のように生葉細胞内の水分を減少させることが目的の従来の萎凋工程は不要である。   In the freezing step, the intracellular water of rose leaves is frozen, and as a result, cell organelles such as vacuoles and cell tissues such as cell walls are destroyed, and fermentation for extracting the smell, body weight and aftertaste of black leaves is more It is considered that there is an effect to promote effectively. On the other hand, the “withering step” carried out by the conventional method averages about half of the water contained in the fresh leaves (the leaves are deflated and softened to facilitate the subsequent twisting step). It is something that Therefore, in order to obtain the above-mentioned action and effect in the freezing step, it is preferable that sufficient water be retained in the cells of rose leaves, and it is an object to reduce the water in living leaf cells as described above. The conventional withering step is unnecessary.

凍結工程は実質的に上記の作用効果が得られる限り、特に、手段、方法及び条件等に制約はないが、例えば、バラの生葉を、-50〜-20℃程度に維持された通常の冷凍庫等内で保管する等の方法によって、該温度下に、少なくとも15分〜2時間程度、保持することによって凍結(冷凍)状態とする。更に、例えば、従来技術に上げた特許文献5及び特許文献6に記載されたような、急速冷凍法を用いることもできる。尚、例えば、生産調整等の目的で長期間(例えば、1カ月〜数ヵ月)凍結状態で保存することもでき、その場合でも、最終的に製造された紅茶葉の外観・品質(味・風味など)が実質的に損なわれることはない。   The freezing step is not particularly limited in the means, method, conditions, etc. as long as the above-mentioned effects can be substantially obtained, for example, a normal freezer maintained at about -50 to -20.degree. It is made into a frozen (frozen) state by holding it under the temperature for at least about 15 minutes to 2 hours by a method such as storage in the like. Furthermore, flash freezing methods can also be used, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. In addition, for example, it can also be stored in a frozen state for a long period (for example, one month to several months) for the purpose of production adjustment, etc., even in that case, appearance, quality (taste and flavor) of black tea leaves manufactured finally Etc.) will not be substantially harmed.

又、従来の紅茶葉の製造方法では、茶葉の細胞組織を破壊し、酸化発酵を促進させることを目的として揉捻工程が行われており、熟練技術やコストが必要であった。上記の凍結工程によって、「揉捻」と同じように、細胞組織を壊すことができるので、揉捻工程も特に必要ではなくなり、時間の短縮および、コスト削減の点で有利となる。その結果、葉の形状を維持される為に、紅茶葉にお湯をそそぐとゆらゆらと揺れ動く葉の様子を楽しむことができるようになった。   Moreover, in the conventional manufacturing method of a black-tea leaf, the twisting process is performed for the purpose of destroying the cell tissue of a tea leaf, and promoting oxidative fermentation, and the skill technique and cost were required. Since the above-mentioned freezing step can destroy cell tissue as in the case of "twisting", the twisting step is not particularly necessary, which is advantageous in terms of time reduction and cost reduction. As a result, in order to maintain the shape of the leaves, it is possible to enjoy the state of the swaying leaves by pouring hot water into the tea leaves.

従って、本発明による紅茶葉の製造方法は、より具体的には、以下の工程:
1.生葉の凍結;
2.発酵(室温、例えば、25〜26℃、湿度80〜90%、1〜48時間、好ましくは15〜25時間、更に好ましくは18〜22時間);及び
3.乾燥、を含む方法である。
Accordingly, the method for producing black tea leaves according to the present invention more specifically includes the following steps:
1. Freezing of fresh leaves;
2. 3. fermentation (room temperature, eg 25 to 26 ° C., humidity 80 to 90%, 1 to 48 hours, preferably 15 to 25 hours, more preferably 18 to 22 hours); And drying.

本明細書の実施例に記載されているように、発酵工程の前及び/若しくは後に揉捻工程、特に、手もみによる揉捻工程を追加することにより、茶葉の形状をより美しく整えることが出来、外観上、好ましい。尚、凍結工程によって茶葉の繊維組織が壊れている為に、手もみによる揉捻でも効率的に実施できる。これらの工程によって、更に発酵が促進され、紅茶葉の甘味、香り、コク、後味韻等をより一層引き立たせることが出来、更に高品質の紅茶葉を製造することが可能となる   As described in the examples of the present specification, the shape of the tea leaf can be more beautifully arranged by adding a twisting step before and / or after the fermentation step, in particular, a twisting step by hand. Above, preferred. In addition, since the fiber structure of a tea leaf is broken by the freezing process, even if it is twisting with a hand, it can implement efficiently. By these steps, the fermentation is further promoted, and the sweetness, smell, richness, aftertaste, etc. of black tea leaves can be further enhanced, and it becomes possible to produce high quality black tea leaves.

更に、乾燥工程の前に追加の発酵工程(二次発酵)を含むことが出来る。特に、最初の発酵工程(一次発酵)後に上記の揉捻工程を実施する場合には、該揉捻工程によって茶葉の繊維組織が更に壊されているので、この揉捻工程後に二次発酵工程を実施することによって発酵がより一層促進される。尚、この二次発酵工程は一次発酵工程に比べて短時間でも良い。また、乾燥工程に先立ち、酸化発酵を停止させ、且つ、茶葉の風味を増加させる目的で、焙煎工程を設けることもできる。   Furthermore, an additional fermentation step (secondary fermentation) can be included prior to the drying step. In particular, when the above-mentioned straining step is carried out after the first fermentation step (primary fermentation), since the fiber structure of the tea leaf is further broken by the straining step, the secondary fermentation step should be carried out after this straining step. Further promotes the fermentation. In addition, this secondary fermentation process may be shorter than the primary fermentation process. Moreover, prior to the drying step, a roasting step can also be provided for the purpose of stopping oxidative fermentation and increasing the flavor of the tea leaves.

従って、本発明の製造方法の好適な一具体例として、生葉の凍結;一次揉捻;一次発酵; 二次揉捻;二次発酵;焙煎;乾燥、の各工程をこの順に含んでなる方法を挙げられる。これらの工程によって、紅茶葉の甘味、香り、コク、後味韻等をより一層引き立たせることが出来、更に高品質の紅茶葉を製造することが可能となる。   Therefore, as a preferable specific example of the production method of the present invention, a method comprising the steps of freezing fresh leaves; primary twisting; primary fermentation; secondary twisting; secondary fermentation; roasting; Be By these steps, it is possible to further enhance the sweetness, aroma, richness, aftertaste, etc. of the black tea leaf, and it becomes possible to produce a high quality black tea leaf.

更に、本発明方法に於いて、以上の工程以外の工程も任意の段階に含むことが出来る。例えば、従来の萎凋工程に準じた工程を適当な段階で追加することも可能である。   Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, steps other than the above steps can be included at any step. For example, it is also possible to add the process according to the conventional withering process at an appropriate stage.

尚、本明細書に特に記載のない限り、各工程における方法・手段・条件等は従来技術に準じて当業者が適宜、設定することが出来る。   Unless otherwise specified in the present specification, methods, means, conditions and the like in each step can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art according to the prior art.

いわゆる「バラ」はバラ科バラ属の一つであり、約150〜200種類以上の原種(野生種)あるとされ、多くの栽培種(園芸種)を有する。バラは樹形から、木立ち性(ブッシュ・ローズまたは木バラ)、半つる性(シュラブ・ローズ)、つる性(「つるバラ」または「クライミング・ローズ」)の3つのタイプに分けられる。つるバラは、広義ではつる性のバラを指し、狭義ではつる性のバラのなかのラージ・フラワード・クライマーと呼ばれる系統を指す。   The so-called "rose" is a member of the genus Rosaceae, and is considered to be about 150 to 200 or more original species (wild species) and has many cultivated species (horticultural species). Roses are divided into three types: tree-shaped, grove-like (bush rose or tree rose), half-slip (shrub rose), and vine-like ("slip rose" or "climbing rose"). A vine rose refers to a rose of vine in a broad sense, and in a narrow sense it refers to a line called a large flowered climber among roses of vine.

原種のバラは自生地に適して進化しており、樹形及び性質等も他種多様である。代表的な原種系のバラとして、ナニワイバラ、カザンリク、ハマナシ、ノイバラ、サンショウバラ、及びハトヤバラ等を挙げることできる。   The roses of the original species are evolved to be suitable for their own environment, and the tree shape and nature are also diverse. Examples of representative roses of origin include Nani Waibara, Kazanlik, Hamanasi, Neubara, Sanshobara, and Hatoyabara.

本発明の紅茶葉の製造方法に於いて原料として用いるバラの葉としては、園芸種のバラに比べて原種系のバラの萌芽葉の枚数が多く、茶葉としても収穫量が多く見込める等の理由から、本明細書の実施例に示されているような、浪花茨(ナニワイバラ)及びカザンリク等の原種系のバラ、特につるバラを使用することが好ましい。特に、同じ品種でも、無農薬で栽培したバラと農薬をつかって栽培したバラを比較すると、無農薬栽培のバラのほうが香りがより強いので、無農薬で栽培されたバラを原料として使用することがより好ましい。   The rose leaves used as a raw material in the method for producing black tea leaves of the present invention have a large number of apricot leaves of rose of the original type as compared to roses of horticultural species, and a large yield can be expected as tea leaves. From the above, it is preferable to use roses of the original species such as Naniwaibara and Kazanlik as shown in the Examples of the present specification, and in particular vines. In particular, comparing roses grown with no pesticides with roses grown with pesticides, even with the same varieties, roses with no pesticides have a stronger smell, so using roses grown with no pesticides as a raw material Is more preferred.

[バラの紅茶葉]
本発明は更に、例えば上記の製造方法によって得ることが出来る、「バラの紅茶葉」、「バラの葉を原料として成る紅茶葉」又は「バラの葉からなる紅茶葉」等を提供する。この紅茶葉を用いて調製した紅茶(例えば、沸騰した湯を紅茶葉の上に注いで抽出した飲料)は、香り、コク、後味、余韻等に優れた非常に美味な飲料である。
[Rose black tea leaves]
The present invention further provides, for example, “black tea leaf of rose”, “black leaf consisting of rose leaf”, “black leaf consisting of rose leaf” and the like which can be obtained by the above-mentioned production method. The black tea prepared using this black tea leaf (for example, a beverage obtained by pouring boiling hot water onto the black tea leaf and extracted) is a very delicious drink excellent in aroma, body, aftertaste, aftertone and the like.

[バラの紅茶葉の抽出物及び加工品]
本発明は更に、このバラの紅茶葉から抽出して得られるバラの紅茶葉の抽出物、バラの紅茶葉若しくはその抽出物の加工品(「バラの紅茶葉等」ともいう)、並びに、それらの製造方法を提供する。かかる抽出物は、従来の紅茶葉を原料とする当業者に公知の任意の手段・方法に準じて製造することができる。抽出物及び加工品の形態・状態に特に制限はなく、例えば、液体、ペースト状、固形状、粉末状等がある。
[Ross black tea leaf extract and processed products]
The present invention further relates to an extract of rose black tea leaf obtained by extracting from this rose black tea leaf, a processed rose tea leaf or an extract thereof (also referred to as “rose black tea leaf etc.”), and the like Provide a manufacturing method of Such an extract can be produced according to any means or method known to those skilled in the art, which uses conventional black tea leaves as a raw material. The form and state of the extract and the processed product are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include liquid, paste, solid and powder.

例えば、水又は適当な有機酸および/又は有機酸塩等を含有する抽出溶媒により、室温〜100℃で、1分〜数時間、抽出操作が行われる。抽出後、ろ過フィルター及び遠心分離などの適当な分離装置を用いて抽出液を回収し、適宜、殺菌処理を行うことも出来る。更に、こうして得られた抽出液を濃縮処理して濃縮液またはエキス、又は、これらを乾燥してパウダー状とすることもできる。   For example, the extraction operation is performed at room temperature to 100 ° C. for 1 minute to several hours with an extraction solvent containing water or a suitable organic acid and / or organic acid salt and the like. After extraction, the extract may be recovered using an appropriate separation device such as a filtration filter and centrifugation, and may be subjected to sterilization as appropriate. Furthermore, the extract obtained in this way can be subjected to a concentration process to make a concentrate or extract, or these can be dried to form a powder.

バラの紅茶葉又はその抽出物からの加工品は、当業者に公知の任意の化学的又は物理的な方法、手段及び条件等によって適宜製造することが可能である。例えば、本発明のバラの紅茶葉にバラの花弁から調製した芳香蒸留水や精油(香油)、各種の調味料又はスパイス等を添加した紅茶葉(フレーバーティー)、本発明のバラの紅茶葉と他の種類の紅茶葉をブレンドした紅茶等も係る加工品に含まれる。   Processed products from rose black tea leaves or extracts thereof can be suitably produced by any chemical or physical method, means, conditions and the like known to those skilled in the art. For example, black tea leaves of the present invention prepared by adding aromatic distilled water or essential oil (fragrance oil) prepared from rose petals to various black tea leaves (flavored tea) (flavor tea) of the present invention, black tea leaves of the present invention The processed products include black tea blended with other types of black tea leaves.

[バラの紅茶葉等を含む飲食品]
本発明は、上記のバラの紅茶葉等を一成分として含む飲食品も提供する。飲食品の代表例としては、例えば、バラの紅茶葉等を一成分として含む紅茶飲料、ケーキ、クッキー、チョコレート並びにゼリーなどの菓子類、ソース、調味料並びにジャムなどの調理品、パスタ類、及び、パン類などを含む。尚、本発明の飲食品には、本発明のバラの紅茶葉を用いて調製した紅茶も含まれる。
[Food and drink including black tea leaves etc.]
The present invention also provides a food and drink containing the above-mentioned rose black tea leaf and the like as one component. Representative examples of food and drink include, for example, black tea beverages containing black tea leaves of rose as one component, cakes, cookies, chocolates, confections such as chocolate and jelly, sauces, seasonings and prepared foods such as jam, pasta products, and Including bread and the like. The food and drink of the present invention also include black tea prepared using the rose black tea leaves of the present invention.

これらの各種飲食品は、当業者に公知の任意の方法で容易に製造することができる。尚、これらの各種飲食品を製造する際に、該飲食品の目的・用途等に応じて、本発明のバラの紅茶葉等が更に加工されて、その形状・形態・特性等が変化を受けていても良い。尚、飲食品には、「保健機能食品」、「栄養機能食品」及び「機能性表示食品」等の所謂「健康食品」と呼ばれる飲食品も含まれる。飲食品中に於けるバラの紅茶葉等の含有量も、その用途・目的に当業者が適宜選択することができる。   These various food and drink can be easily manufactured by any method known to those skilled in the art. In addition, when manufacturing these various food-drinks, the black tea leaf etc. of the rose of this invention are further processed according to the objective, the use, etc. of the food-drinks, and the shape, form, characteristics, etc. receive change. May be The food and drink include food and drink called "healthy food" such as "healthy functional food", "nutritional functional food" and "functional display food". The content of rose black tea leaves and the like in food and drink can also be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art according to the application and purpose.

以下、実施例によって本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例によって限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

バラの品種選定
本発明のバラの紅茶葉の原料となる原種系のバラとして、以下のナニワイバラ及びカザンリクを選んだ。
Selection of Roses The following Naniwaibara and Kazanlik were selected as the roses of the original species which is the raw material of the rose black tea leaf of the present invention.

「ナニワイバラ(Rosa laevigata)」はバラ科の常緑つる性木本であって、中国原産で,庭木として栽培される。1700年頃日本に渡来し、四国、九州では野生化している。全体無毛。茎は細いとげと太い曲ったとげにおおわれる。葉は互生し3小葉からなり、小葉は長さ2〜6cm、幅1〜3cmの卵状楕円形で下半部が最も広く、表面に光沢がある。托葉があるが夏までに脱落する。5〜6月、径5〜8cmの白色5弁花を枝先に1個ずつ開く。花には芳香があり、花柄、萼ともに細いとげが密生する。花の中心に柱頭が平たく固まり、花柱は外に出ない。花がピンクのものをハトヤバラ R.laevigata f.roseaという。(出典元:ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典)   "Nosa waibara (Rosa laevigata)" is an evergreen vulgar tree of the Rosaceae family, native to China and grown as a garden tree. He came to Japan around 1700 and became wild in Shikoku and Kyushu. Whole hairless. The stems are covered with thin thorns and thick bent thorns. The leaves consist of three small leaves each other, and the small leaves are oval ovals 2 to 6 cm long and 1 to 3 cm wide, with the lower half being the most broad and glossy on the surface. There are mulberry leaves but they will fall off by summer. From May to June, open one white 5 valved flower with a diameter of 5 to 8 cm at the branch tip. The flowers are fragrant, and both the flower pattern and the bud are densely thorny. The stigmas are flat and solid at the center of the flower, and the stony does not go out. The flower that is pink is called Hatoyabara R. laevigata f. (Source: Britannica International Encyclopedia Minor Item Encyclopedia)

「カザンリク(Kazanlik)」は、別名は「ロサダマスケナトリギンティペタラ」。ダマスク系のオールドローズで、ブルガリアで香水の採取に使われている芳香の高い品種。鮮やかなピンクの花は房咲きで、質感のある花弁。開花期は春の一季咲き。花が開ききる前に収穫して、ポプリに最適。花色:ショッキングピンク、花径:8〜10cm、樹高:1.8〜2.5m、樹形:つる性、香り:強香   "Kazanlik" is also known as "Rosada Maskenatrigin Tipetara". A damask-based old rose, a highly fragrant variety used to collect perfume in Bulgaria. Vibrant pink flowers are bunched and have a textured petal. The flowering season blooms in spring. Harvest before the flowers open, perfect for potpourri. Flower color: shocking pink, flower diameter: 8 to 10 cm, tree height: 1.8 to 2.5 m, tree shape: vine, smell: strong incense

生育管理
「ナニワイバラ」「カザンリク」ともに、春に一度だけ花を咲かせる品種であるが、小指の先程度につぼみがふくらんだ段階で、摘蕾した。これは、株の栄養を葉にまわすためである。
Growth management "Nani Waibara" and "Kazanlik" are both cultivars that only bloom once in spring, but they were plucked when their buds were swollen at the tip of their little finger. This is to divert the nutrition of the strain to the leaves.

更に、園芸品種であるイヴピアッチェ(花弁を食用とする。)及びモッコウバラ(繁殖力が強い)をバラの紅茶葉の原料として使用した。   Furthermore, the horticultural varieties Iv piace (petals are edible) and mokko rose (high fertility) were used as raw materials for rose black tea leaves.

摘葉
株から、枝が50cm以上に伸びた段階で、茎ごとハサミで切り取った。茎から葉を1枚づつ指ではずした。頂葉と小葉のみ使用した。新枝の葉は細胞組織壁が薄いため、組織が壊れやすく、組織内のポリフェノールが染み出しやすい。成熟枝の葉は、新枝に比べ細胞組織壁が厚いため、発酵しにくいが、このあとの「凍結工程」を経ることで、細胞組織が壊れ、発酵しやすく変化する。
葉の選別
焙煎工程での加熱ムラを防ぐため、葉の大きさごとに区別した。
From the defoliation strain, when the branches were extended to 50 cm or more, the stems were cut off with scissors. I removed one leaf from the stem with a finger. Only apical and lobule were used. The new branch leaves are thin in tissue tissue wall, so the tissue is easily broken and polyphenols in the tissue are likely to exude. The leaf of the mature branch is difficult to ferment because the cell tissue wall is thicker than the new branch, but the cell tissue is broken and easily fermented by passing through the subsequent "freeze step".
Sorting of leaves In order to prevent uneven heating during the roasting process, the sizes of the leaves were differentiated.

凍結
選別したバラの生葉を−20℃に設定した凍結庫に入れ、60分程度、保持した。この凍結工程によって、細胞内の液胞が破裂したり、細胞壁が破壊され、以降の発酵が促進された。
The fresh leaves of the freeze- sorted rose were placed in a freezing cabinet set at -20 ° C and held for about 60 minutes. This freezing step ruptures the vacuoles in the cells and destroys the cell wall, thereby promoting the subsequent fermentation.

一次揉捻
凍結工程終了後、冷凍庫からとりだした葉を手揉みで揉捻した。凍結操作により葉の細胞の組織・繊維が壊れており、撚りやすくなった。
After completion of the primary freezing and freezing step, the leaves removed from the freezer were hand-twisted. The freezing operation disrupted the tissues and fibers of leaf cells, making it easy to twist.

一次発酵
温度25℃、湿度80〜90%で、20時間、発酵機に入れた。葉に含まれるポリフェノール類、ペクチン、葉緑素等と酸素が触れ、酸化(発酵)する。その結果、例えば、ポリフェノールがポリキノンへ変化し、揮発性の高い甘い香りが生じた。
Primary fermentation
The fermenter was placed at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 90% for 20 hours. Oxygen is in contact with polyphenols, pectin, chlorophyll, etc. contained in the leaves to oxidize (ferment). As a result, for example, polyphenol was changed to polyquinone, and a highly volatile sweet smell was generated.

二次揉捻
発酵後、発酵機から取り出し、手揉みで揉捻した。この工程により、葉の形状を美しく整えることができた。
After secondary fermentation, it was removed from the fermenter and strained by hand. By this process, the shape of the leaves could be beautifully arranged.

二次発酵
温度25℃、湿度80〜90%で、1時間、発酵機に入れた。手揉みしたことで葉のポリフェノールと酸素が更に接触され、甘い香りの生成が促進された。
It was put into the fermenter at a secondary fermentation temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 90% for 1 hour. Hand rubbing further brought in contact with leaf polyphenols and oxygen and promoted the formation of a sweet smell.

焙煎
葉を発酵機から取り出し、手作業で焦がさないように鍋で葉を焙煎した。目安として、茶葉50g当たり20分間焙煎した。加熱することで、酸化酵素の動きが止めると同時に茶葉の風味が増した。
The roasted leaves were removed from the fermenter and the leaves were roasted in a pot so as not to burn manually. As a guide, it was roasted for 20 minutes per 50 g of tea leaves. By heating, the flavor of the tea leaves increased while the movement of the oxidase stopped.

乾燥
茶葉の保存性を高めるために、生葉の20%の重量になるまで食品乾燥機(設定温度:20℃)で湿気を除去した。
The moisture was removed with a food drier (setting temperature: 20 ° C.) to a weight of 20% of fresh leaves in order to enhance the storage stability of the dried tea leaves.

以上の方法で製造したバラの紅茶葉にお湯(90℃)をそそいで紅茶を入れ、これを飲んでみた。5人のパネリストにより以下の各項目に関して官能評価を行った。
その結果を以下の表1に示す。「◎」、「○」及び「×」は、全パネリストによる評価の平均として、夫々、「強い」、「普通」及び「弱い」を示している。

Figure 2019080559
Hot water (90 ° C.) was poured into the black tea leaves produced by the above method, and the black tea was poured and it was drunk. The sensory evaluation was performed on the following items by five panelists.
The results are shown in Table 1 below. “◎”, “○” and “x” indicate “strong”, “normal” and “weak”, respectively, as an average of evaluations by all panelists.
Figure 2019080559

表1の結果は、原種系バラを原料として製造した紅茶葉のほうが、甘い後味、バラ由来の独特の芳香(バラ香)、コク、及び余韻等がより優れている(強い)ことを示している。   The results in Table 1 indicate that the black leaf produced from the original rose is better in sweet aftertaste, unique aroma derived from rose (rose incense), rich, and aftertone, etc. There is.

[比較例]
比較例として、ナニワイバラの葉を原料として用いて、「凍結工程」を行わずに、その代わりに従来の「萎凋工程」(周囲温度25℃、3時間)を行った以外は、上記の実施例と同様の工程を実施して紅茶葉を製造し、同様に紅茶を入れ、試飲した。その結果、甘い後味・コクが薄く、さっぱりとした味で、ハーブティに近かった。更に、バラ香にも欠けていた。
[Comparative example]
As a comparative example, using the leaf of Naniwaibara as a raw material, without performing the "freeze step", instead of performing the conventional "withering step" (ambient temperature 25 ° C., 3 hours), the above example The same process as in was carried out to produce black tea leaves, and the black tea was put in the same manner and tasting. As a result, the sweet aftertaste was thin and refreshing, and it was close to a herbal tea. Furthermore, it was also lacking in rose incense.

本発明によってバラの葉を原料とした紅茶葉等が提供され、それを利用した新たな飲食品等の更なる開発が期待される。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY By the present invention, black tea leaves and so on made from rose leaves are provided, and further development of new food and drink etc. using it is expected.

Claims (9)

バラの葉を原料として用いる紅茶葉の製造方法であって、生葉の凍結工程を含むことを特徴とする、前記方法。 A method for producing black tea leaves using rose leaves as a raw material, comprising the step of freezing fresh leaves. 凍結工程が、バラの生葉を-50〜-20℃の温度下に、少なくとも15分〜2時間、保持することから成る、請求項1記載の方法。 The method of claim 1, wherein the freezing step comprises holding fresh rose leaves at a temperature of -50 to -200C for at least 15 minutes to 2 hours. 以下の工程を含む、請求項1又は2記載の方法:
1.生葉の凍結;
2.発酵;及び
3.乾燥。
The method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
1. Freezing of fresh leaves;
2. Fermentation; and Dry.
発酵工程の前及び/若しくは後に行う揉捻工程、並びに/又は、乾燥工程の前に追加の発酵工程を含む、請求項3記載の方法。 The method according to claim 3, comprising a tumbling step which is performed before and / or after the fermentation step, and / or an additional fermentation step before the drying step. 以下の各工程を順に含む、請求項4記載の方法:
生葉の凍結;
一次揉捻;
一次発酵;
二次揉捻;
二次発酵;
焙煎;及び
乾燥。
The method according to claim 4, comprising the following steps in order:
Freezing of fresh leaves;
Primary torsion;
Primary fermentation;
Secondary torsion;
Secondary fermentation;
Roasted; and dried.
バラが原種系バラである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rose is a parent rose. バラが浪花茨(ナニワイバラ)又はカザンリクである請求項6記載の方法。 The method according to claim 6, wherein the rose is Naniwaibara or Kazanlik. バラの紅茶葉、バラの紅茶葉の抽出物、若しくは、これらの加工品、又は、それらを含む飲食品。 Black tea leaves of rose, extracts of black tea leaves of rose, or processed products thereof, or food and drink containing them. バラが浪花茨(ナニワイバラ)又はカザンリクである、請求項8記載のバラの紅茶葉、バラの紅茶葉の抽出物、若しくは、これらの加工品、又は、それらを含む飲食品。 9. A rose black tea leaf, an extract of rose black tea leaf, or a processed product thereof, or a food or drink containing them, according to claim 8, wherein the rose is Naniwaibara or Kazanlik.
JP2018073629A 2018-04-06 2018-04-06 Black tea leaves comprising rose leaves and method of producing those black tea leaves Pending JP2019080559A (en)

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