JP2018519239A - 熱特性を有する積層体を備えている基材 - Google Patents
熱特性を有する積層体を備えている基材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018519239A JP2018519239A JP2018500304A JP2018500304A JP2018519239A JP 2018519239 A JP2018519239 A JP 2018519239A JP 2018500304 A JP2018500304 A JP 2018500304A JP 2018500304 A JP2018500304 A JP 2018500304A JP 2018519239 A JP2018519239 A JP 2018519239A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- dielectric
- functional
- glazing
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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Abstract
− 第一機能性層の厚みが、第2機能性層の厚み未満であり、かつ、第3機能性層の厚み未満であり、
− 誘電体被覆M1及びM2が、式:Eo2<1.1Eo1を満たす、光学的厚みEo1及びEo2をそれぞれ有している。
【選択図】なし
Description
− 低ソーラーファクター(SF,g)を有することにより、建物内部に透過してくる太陽光エネルギーの量を低減すること、
− 十分な光透過率を保証すること、
− 低放射率を有しており、それによって、長波長赤外放射による熱損失を低減すること。
− ソーラーファクター「g」は、入射太陽エネルギーに対する、グレージングを通って空間に進入する総エネルギーの、パーセントでの比を意味するものと理解される、
− 選択性「s」は、ソーラーファクターに対する光透過率の比TL/gを意味するものと理解される。
− 外部反射における非ニュートラル色、及び
− 外部反射が、過度に低レベルであること。
− 化学気相成長法(CVD)によって堆積される積層体で被覆された基材、
− 銀に基づいていないが、例えばニオブに基づいている機能性層を有している、スパッタリングによって堆積される積層体で被覆されている基材。
− ソーラーファクターを最小限に抑えること、
− 特にはプライバシーを保護するために、外側面での反射を増加させること(プライバシー効果)、
− 美的効果のために、反射において、光沢のある銀の外観を得ること、
− 良好な絶縁及び良好な視界を可能にするのに適した光透過率を保証すること。
−第1機能性層の厚みが、第2機能性層の厚みよりも小さく、
−第1機能性層の厚みが、第3機能性層の厚みよりも小さく、
−誘電体被覆M1及びM2それぞれが、式:Eo2<1.1Eo1、好ましくはEo2<Eo1、を満たす光学的厚みEo1及びEo2を有している。
− 本発明に係る材料を得るための方法、
− 本発明に係る少なくとも1個の材料を有しているグレージング、
− 本発明に係るグレージングの、建物又は車両用の太陽光制御グレージングとしての使用、
− 本発明に係るグレージングを有している、建物又は車両。
− 3層の機能性金属性層が、基材から出発して定義される第1、第2及び第3機能性金属性層に対応している、
− 第2機能性層の厚みに対する第3機能性金属性層の厚みの比が、0.90と1.10の間であり、これらの値を含んでおり、好ましくは、0.95と1.05の間である、かつ/又は、
− 第2機能性層の厚みに対する第3機能性金属性層の厚みの比が、1.0未満であり、好ましくは、0.99未満である、かつ/又は
− 第1機能性金属性層の厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、6nmと12nmの間、7nmと11nmの間、8nmと10nmの間である、かつ/又は、
− 第2機能性層の厚みが、15nmよりも大きい、かつ/又は、
− 第2機能性金属性層の厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、13nmと20nmの間、14nmと18nmの間、15nmと17nmの間である、かつ/又は、
− 第3機能性金属性層の厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、13nmと20nmの間、14nmと18nmの間、15nmと17nmの間である。
− 各機能性金属性層が、ブロッキング下方層及びブロッキング上方層から選択される少なくとも1層のブロッキング層と接触している、かつ/又は
− 各ブロッキング層の厚みが、少なくとも0.1nmであり、好ましくは0.1と1.0nmの間である、かつ/又は
− 機能性層と接触しているすべてのブロッキング層の合計の厚みが、0.1と2nmの間であり、これらの値を含んでおり、好ましくは、0.3と1.5nmの間であり、又はさらには0.5と1.0nmの間である。
− 第1誘電体被覆M1の光学的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、85〜150nm、100〜145nm、110〜140nmである、かつ/又は
− 第1誘電体被覆M1の物理的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、40〜80nm、50〜75nm、55〜70nmである、かつ/又は
− 第2誘電体被覆M2の光学的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、80〜150nm、90〜145nm、100〜135nmである、かつ/又は
− 第2誘電体被覆M2の物理的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、40〜80nm、50〜75nm、55〜70nm、である、かつ/又は
− 第3誘電体被覆M3の光学的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、135〜220nm、150〜210nm、160〜200nmである、かつ/又は
− 第3誘電体被覆M3の物理的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、60〜110nm、70〜105nm、80〜100nmである、かつ/又は
− 第4誘電体被覆M4の光学的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、65〜120nm、75〜110nm、85〜105nmである、かつ/又は
− 第4誘電体被覆M4の物理的厚みが、より好ましくなる順で、30〜60nm、35〜55nm、40〜50nmである。
− 誘電体被覆が、ケイ素、チタン、ジルコニウム、アルミニウム、スズ、亜鉛から選択される1若しくは複数の元素の酸化物若しくは窒化物に基づく少なくとも1層の誘電体膜を有している、かつ/又は
− 少なくとも1層の誘電体被覆が、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している、かつ/又は
− 各誘電体被覆が、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している、かつ/又は
− バリア機能を有する誘電体層が、SiO2及びAl2O3などの酸化物、窒化ケイ素Si3N4及びAlN、並びに酸窒化物SiOxNy及びAlOxNyから選択されるケイ素及び/若しくはアルミニウム化合物に基づいている、かつ/又は
− バリア機能を有する誘電体層が、例えばアルミニウム、ハフニウム及びジルコニウムなどの少なくとも1種の他の元素を随意に含有している、ケイ素及び/若しくはアルミニウム化合物に基づいている、かつ/又は
− 少なくとも1層の誘電体被覆が、安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している、かつ/又は
− 各誘電体被覆が、安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している、かつ/又は
− 安定化機能を有する誘電体層が、好ましくは、酸化亜鉛、酸化スズ、酸化ジルコニウム若しくはこれらのうちの2以上の混合物から選ばれる酸化物に基づいている、かつ/又は
− 安定化機能を有する誘電体層が、好ましくは結晶性酸化物に基づいており、特には、酸化亜鉛に基づいており、随意に、アルミニウムなどの少なくとも1種の他の元素を用いてドープされている、かつ/又は
− 各機能性層が、誘電体被覆の上にあり、誘電体被覆の上方層が、好ましくは酸化亜鉛に基づく、安定化機能を有する誘電体層であり、かつ/若しくは、各機能性層が、誘電体被覆の下にあり、誘電体被覆の下方層が、好ましくは酸化亜鉛に基づく、安定化機能を有する誘電体層である。
− バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している第1誘電体被覆、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第1機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の下方誘電体層、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の上方誘電体層を有している第2誘電体被覆、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第2機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の下方誘電体層、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の上方誘電体層を有している第3誘電体被覆、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第3機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及びバリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び随意の1層の保護層を有している第4誘電体被覆。
− ポリエチレン
− ポリエステル、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN);
− ポリアクリレート、例えば、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA);
− ポリカーボネート;
− ポリウレタン;
− ポリアミド;
− ポリイミド;
− フルオロポリマー、例えば、エチレンテトラフルオロエチレン(ETFE)、ポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVDF)、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン(PCTFE)、エチレンクロロトリフルオロエチレン(ECTFE)、フッ素化エチレンプロピレン(FEP)コポリマーなどの、フルオロエステル;
− 光架橋性及び/又は光重合性樹脂、例えば、チオレン(thiolene)、ポリウレタン、ウレタンアクリレート、及びポリエステルアクリレート樹脂;並びに
− ポリチオウレタン。
− a*は、−5.0と0.0の間であり、好ましくは、−4.0と0.0であり、かつ/又は
− b*は、−6.0と0.0の間であり、好ましくは、−5.0と−1.0の間である。
− 27.5%以下のソーラーファクターg、好ましくは25.0%以下のソーラーファクターg、及び/又は、
− 60.0%未満の光透過率、好ましくは40.0%と60.0%の間の、さらには45.0%と55.0%の間の光透過率、及び/又は、
− 好ましくは、少なくとも1.8の、少なくとも1.9の、さらには少なくとも2.0の、高選択性、及び/又は、
− 低放射率、特には1%未満の低放射率、及び/又は、
− より好ましくなる順番で、20.0%以上の、25.0%以上の、27.5%以上の、さらには30.0%以上の、外側面上での光反射、及び/又は、
− 外部反射におけるニュートラルな色。
− 第1機能性層40は、基材から出発して、誘電体被覆20と60の間に配置されている、
− 第2機能性層80は、誘電体被覆60と100の間に配置されている、
− 第3機能性層120は、誘電体被覆100と140の間に配置されている。
− 機能性層と接触して配置される、ブロッキング下方層30,70及び110(図示されていない)、
− 機能性層と接触して配置される、ブロッキング上方層50,90及び130、
− 保護層160(図示されていない)。
薄層の、以下で定義される積層体は、6mmの厚みを有する透明なソーダ石灰ガラス製の基材上に堆積される。
− 機能性層は、銀(Ag)の層であり、
− ブロッキング層は、ニッケルクロム合金(NiCr)製の金属性層であり、
− バリア層は、アルミニウムでドープされた窒化ケイ素(Si3N4:Al)に基づいており、
− 安定化層は、アルミニウムでドープされた、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)製である。
表4は、グレージングが、6/16/4構造:6mmのガラス/90%がアルゴンで充填された16mmの層間空間/4mmのガラス、を有している二重グレージングの一部である場合に計測される主な光学的特性を一覧表にしている。積層体は、第2面上に配置されている(グレージングの第1面は、慣用されるように、グレージングの最外面である)。
− TLは、以下を示している:D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測される、%での、可視領域での、光透過率;
− a*T及びb*Tは、D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測され、かつグレージングとは垂直方向で計測される、L*a*b*システムでの、透過のa*及びb*色を示している;
− RLextは、以下を示している:最外面である第1面の側で、D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測される、%での、可視領域での、光反射;
− a*Rext及びb*Rextは、最外面の側で、D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測され、かつグレージングに垂直な方向でそのように計測される、L*a*b*システムでの、反射のa*及びb*色を示している、
− RLintは、内側面である第4面の側で、D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測される、%での、可視領域での、光反射を示している。
− a*Rint及びb*Rintは、内側面の側で、D65光源に従って2°観察者で計測され、かつグレージングに垂直な方向でそのように計測される、L*a*b*システムでの、反射のa*及びb*色を示している。
Claims (15)
- 薄層の積層体で被覆されている透明基材を有している材料であって、前記積層体が、前記基材から出発して、銀に基づく3層の機能性金属性層、及び4層の誘電体被覆が交互になったものを逐次的に有しており、銀に基づく前記3層の機能性金属性層が、前記基材から出発して、第1、第2及び第3機能性層として言及され、前記4層の誘電体被覆が、前記基材から出発して、M1,M2,M3及びM4として言及され、前記誘電体被覆が、それぞれ、少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有しており、そのようにして、前記機能性金属性層が、それぞれ、2層の誘電体被覆の間に配置されるようになっており、下記であることを特徴とする、材料:
− 前記第1機能性層の厚みが、前記第2機能性層の厚みよりも小さく、
− 前記第1機能性層の厚みが、前記第3機能性層の厚みよりも小さく、
− 前記誘電体被覆M1及びM2それぞれが、式:Eo2<1.1Eo1を満たす光学的厚みEo1及びEo2を有している。 - 前記第2機能性層の厚みに対する前記第3機能性金属性層の厚みの比が、0.90と1.10の間であり、これらの値を含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 前記3層の機能性金属性層が、下記の特徴を満たすことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の材料:
− 前記第1機能性金属性層の厚みが、6nmと12nm、
− 前記第2機能性金属性層の厚みが、13nmと20nm、
− 前記第3機能性金属性層の厚みが、13nmと20nm。 - 前記積層体が、チタン、ニッケル、クロム及びニオブから選ばれる1又は複数の元素の金属に基づく又は金属合金に基づく金属性層、金属窒化物層、金属酸化物層、並びに金属酸窒化物層から選ばれる、例えばTi,TiN,TiOx,Nb,NbN,Ni,NiN,Cr,CrN,NiCr又はNiCrN層の、機能性層に接触して配置されている少なくとも1層のブロッキング層をも有していることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 前記機能性層と接触しているすべての前記ブロッキング層の合計の厚みが、0.1nmと2nmの間であり、これらの値を含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の材料。
- 前記誘電体被覆が、下記の特徴を満たすことを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の材料:
− 前記第1誘電体被覆M1の前記光学的厚みが、85〜150nm、
− 前記第2誘電体被覆M2の前記光学的厚みが、80〜150nm、
− 前記第3誘電体被覆M3の前記光学的厚みが、135〜220nm、
− 前記第4誘電体被覆M4の前記光学的厚みが、65〜120nm。 - SiO2及びAl2O3などの酸化物、窒化ケイ素Si3N4及びAlN、並びに酸窒化物SiOxNy及びAlOxNyから選択されるケイ素及び/又はアルミニウム化合物に基づいており、バリア機能を有している誘電体層を、前記誘電体被覆のそれぞれが少なくとも1層有していることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 随意に例えばアルミニウムなどの少なくとも1種の他の元素を用いてドープされ、結晶性酸化物、特には酸化亜鉛に基づいており、安定化機能を有している誘電体層を、前記誘電体被覆のそれぞれが、少なくとも1層有していることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 機能性層のそれぞれが、誘電体被覆の上にあり、誘電体被覆の上方層が、好ましくは酸化亜鉛に基づく、安定化機能を有する誘電体層であり、かつ/又は、機能性層のそれぞれが、誘電体被覆の下にあり、誘電体被覆の下方層が、好ましくは酸化亜鉛に基づく、安定化機能を有する誘電体層であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 前記材料が、積層体を有しており、この積層体が、前記透明基材から出発して定義され、下記を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の材料:
− バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層を有している、第1誘電体被覆、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第1機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の下方誘電体層、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の上方誘電体層を有している、第2誘電体被覆
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第2機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の下方誘電体層、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の上方誘電体層を有している、第3誘電体被覆、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 第3機能性層、
− 随意の、ブロッキング層、
− 安定化機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、バリア機能を有する少なくとも1層の誘電体層、及び随意の少なくとも1層の保護層を有している、第4誘電体被覆。 - 60%未満の光透過率、及び/又は、外側面における20.0%以上の光反射を示すことを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 前記積層体の前記層が、マグネトロンスパッタリングによって積層される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の材料を得るための方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の材料を少なくとも1つ含んでいる、グレージング。
- 外側から来る入射光が、前記第1誘電体被覆を通過し、次いで前記第1機能性金属性層を通過するように、前記積層体が前記グレージングにおいて配置されていることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のグレージング。
- 単層グレージング、積層グレージング、又は複層のグレージングの形態であり、特には二重グレージング若しくは三重グレージングであることを特徴とする、請求項13又は14に記載のグレージング。
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