JP2018501439A - 液化ガスを冷却するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
液化ガスを冷却するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018501439A JP2018501439A JP2017524369A JP2017524369A JP2018501439A JP 2018501439 A JP2018501439 A JP 2018501439A JP 2017524369 A JP2017524369 A JP 2017524369A JP 2017524369 A JP2017524369 A JP 2017524369A JP 2018501439 A JP2018501439 A JP 2018501439A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- vaporization chamber
- container
- liquefied gas
- vaporizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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Abstract
Description
Claims (29)
- 液化ガスを冷却する気化装置(4)において、
液化ガス(3)で充填されるコンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに設けられる気化チャンバー(14)と、
前記コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに設けられ、液相の液化ガスのフローを回収する吸入口、および、前記気化チャンバー(14)の内部スペースに設けられ、前記回収されたガスフローを膨張させるヘッドロスメンバー(14)を備えた、注入回路(5)と、
気相で前記気化チャンバー(14)から気相ガス利用回路(8)に前記回収されたガスフローを排出するために設けられた排出回路(7)と、を有し、
前記気化チャンバー(14)は、前記気化チャンバー(14)の内部スペースと前記コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに存在する液化ガス(3)との間で熱交換を可能にする熱交換壁(6)を備え、
前記排出回路(7)は、前記ガスフローを前記気化チャンバー(14)に吸入し、前記ガスフローを前記気相ガス利用回路(8)に排出して、前記気化チャンバー(14)の大気圧よりも低い絶対圧力を維持することが可能な真空ポンプ(9)を備えている
ことを特徴とする気化装置。 - 前記真空ポンプ(9)は、120〜950hPaの絶対圧力下で前記気化チャンバー(14)内を循環する前記ガスフローを配置することができる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の気化装置。 - 前記注入回路(5)は、前記ヘッドロスメンバー(13)の上流に、圧力調整器17を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の気化装置。 - 前記注入回路(5)は、前記ヘッドロスメンバー(13)の上流に、追加ポンプ(33)を有し、
前記追加ポンプ(33)は、液相の液化ガスのフローを吸入し、前記注入回路(5)の吸入口で前記コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに達する可能性が高い最大静水圧よりも大きな排出圧力を発生させることができる
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置。 - 前記注入回路(5)は、前記追加ポンプ(33)の下流に設けられる圧力調整器(17)をさらに有し、
前記圧力調整器(17)は、前記注入回路(5)で前記追加ポンプ(33)によって排出される前記液化ガスの圧力を前記追加ポンプ(33)の排出圧力よりも低い閾値圧力に制限することができる
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の気化装置。 - 前記注入回路(5)は、スプレーノズル(13)で構成された複数のヘッドロスメンバーを有し、
前記スプレーノズル(13)は、前記液化ガスを前記気化チャンバー(14)内に吹き付けることができる
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置。 - 前記熱交換壁(6)は、前記気化チャンバー(14)の交換面を増加させることを目的とするフィン(15)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置。 - 前記気化装置は、前記気化チャンバー(14)に関連して、回収された液化ガスの重質留分を回収および排出する装置(24)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置。 - 前記気化チャンバー(14)は、斜面を有し、
前記液化ガスの重質留分を回収および排出する装置(24)は、重力で前記重質留分を集めるために、前記気化チャンバー(14)の低位置に連結された容器(25)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の気化装置。 - 前記容器(25)は、弁、ダクト、逆止弁(31)、または、防臭弁によって、前記気化チャンバー(14)に連結されている
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の気化装置。 - 前記液化ガスの重質留分の回収および排出する装置(24)は、前記容器(25)に連結された排出ダクト(26)をさらに有し、
前記排出ダクト(26)は、前記容器(25)から前記コンテナ(2、19)または重質留分調整装置まで延びている
ことを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載の気化装置。 - 前記排出ダクト(26)は、前記排出ダクト(26)を通って、液相の前記重質留分を排出するポンプ(27)を備えている
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の気化装置。 - 前記液化ガスの重質留分を回収および排出する装置(24)は、前記重質留分を気化させるために、前記容器(25)の内部スペースを加熱することが可能な加熱装置をさらに有し、
前記排出ダクト(26)は、気相の前記重質留分を排出することができる
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の気化装置。 - 前記排出ダクト(26)は、弁または逆止弁(30)を介して前記容器(25)に連結され、
前記容器(25)の内部スペースは、前記気化装置の前記排出回路(7)に接続され、
前記排出回路(7)は、Yカップリングを介して流体供給装置に連結され、前記排出回路(7)を通って流体を前記容器(25)に排出して、前記容器(25)に収容されている前記重質留分を前記排出ダクト(26)に排出することができる
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の気化装置。 - 前記気化装置(4)は、上流で前記気化チャンバー(14)に、下流で前記排出回路(7)に連結される追加熱交換器(34)をさらに有し、
前記追加熱交換器(34)は、少なくとも部分的に前記液化ガス(3)で充填されることを目的とする前記コンテナ(2)の内部スペースの上部に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置。 - 前記気化装置(4)は、第1バイパスライン(36)と、前記気化チャンバー(14)を前記追加熱交換器(34)および前記第1バイパスライン(36)に連結する第1の三方向カップリングと、前記気化チャンバー(14)から回収されたガスフローを前記第1バイパスライン(36)に流すことを選択的に許可または阻止することが可能な弁(37、39)と、をさらに有する
ことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の気化装置。 - 前記気化装置(4)は、一方が前記ヘッドロスメンバー(13)の上流で前記注入回路(5)に連結され、他方が前記追加熱交換器(34)に連結される第2バイパスライン(40)、をさらに有し、
回収された液化ガスフローの少なくとも一部を前記注入回路から前記第2バイパスライン(40)に案内し、
前記気化装置(4)は、前記気化チャンバー(14)および前記第2バイパスライン(40)をそれぞれ通って循環するガスフローの流動率を制御することが可能な制御手段(40、42、43、44)、をさらに有する
ことを特徴とする請求項15または16に記載の気化装置。 - 液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備において、
内部スペースを備えたコンテナ(2、19)と、
請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の気化装置と、を有し、
前記気化装置の前記気化チャンバー(14)が、前記コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに設けられている
ことを特徴とする液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備。 - 前記コンテナ(2、19)は、密閉断熱タンクである
ことを特徴とする請求項18に記載の液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備。 - 前記コンテナは、密閉断熱補助タンク(19)であり、
前記液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備(1)は、密閉断熱メインタンク(20)と、前記メインタンク(20)および前記補助タンク(19)に連結される送出ダクト(21)および戻りダクト(22)と、前記送出ダクト(21)および前記戻りダクト(22)を通って、前記メインタンク(20)と前記補助タンク(19)との間で液化ガスを循環させることが可能なポンプ(23)と、をさらに有する
ことを特徴とする請求項18または19に記載の液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備。 - 前記コンテナ(2、19)は、液化天然ガス、エタン、および、液化石油ガスから選択される液化可燃性ガスで充填される
ことを特徴とする請求項18〜20のいずれか一項に記載の液化ガス貯蔵および冷却設備。 - コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに収容された液化ガスを冷却する方法において、
冷却すべき液化ガスを含む前記コンテナ(2、19)内の液化ガスを回収し、回収された液化ガスを前記コンテナ(2、19)の内部スペースに設けられた液化チャンバー(14)に案内する工程と、
前記気化チャンバー(14)内部の大気圧よりも低い絶対圧力を発生させる工程と、
回収されて前記気化チャンバー(14)で膨張されたガスフローと前記コンテナ(2、19)内に収容された液化ガス(3)との間で前記気化チャンバー(14)の壁(6)を介して熱交換を行い、前記コンテナ(2、19)内に収容された前記液化ガス(3)からカロリーを吸収することにより前記回収されたガスフローを気化させる工程と、
気相の前記回収されたガスフローを気相ガス利用回路(8)に案内する工程と、を有する
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 120〜950hPa、好ましくは650〜850hPaの絶対圧力が、前記気化チャンバー(14)内で維持されている
ことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の方法。 - 前記液化ガスが、二相平衡状態で前記コンテナ(2)の内部スペースに貯蔵され、下流液相および上流気相(35)を有し、
前記気化チャンバー(14)から回収された前記ガスフローが、上流気相と少なくとも部分的に接している追加熱交換器(34)に案内されて、回収されたガスフローを前記気相ガス利用回路(8)に案内する前に、回収されたガスフローと上流気相(35)との間で熱交換を行う
ことを特徴とする請求項22または23に記載の方法。 - 前記気化チャンバー(14)は、第1の三方向カップリングまたは弁(37、39)を介して、前記追加熱交換器(34)およびバイパスライン(36)に連結され、
前記パイパスライン(36)は、前記追加熱交換器(34)を迂回することができ、
前記弁(37、39)は、前記回収されたガスフローを前記バイパスライン(36)に流すことを選択的に許可または阻止することができ、
前記弁(37、39)は、上流気相(35)の圧力を表す変数に応じて、前記回収されたガスフローを前記バイパスライン(36)に流すことを許可または阻止するように、制御される
ことを特徴とする請求項24に記載の方法。 - 前記液化ガスは、二相平衡の状態で前記コンテナ(2)の内部スペースに貯蔵され、下流液相および上流気相(35)を有し、
前記液化ガスのフローは、前記コンテナから回収され、少なくとも部分的に前記上流気相(35)に接する追加熱交換器(34)に案内されて、前記回収されたガスフローと前記上流気相(35)との間で熱交換を行う
ことを特徴とする請求項22〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 請求項18〜21のいずれか一項に記載の設備(1)を有し、
前記気相ガス利用回路(8)は、エネルギー生成ユニットである
ことを特徴とする船(70)。 - 請求項27に記載の船(70)で積み下ろしをする方法において、
液体は、浮遊貯蔵施設または陸上貯蔵施設(77)から前記船のタンク(71)まで、または、前記船(71)のタンクから前記浮遊貯蔵施設または陸上貯蔵施設(77)まで、絶縁ライン(73、79、76、81)を通って送られる
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 液体用輸送システムにおいて、
請求項27に記載の船(70)と、
前記船の船体に取り付けられるタンクを浮遊貯蔵施設または陸上貯蔵施設(77)につなぐ絶縁ライン(73、79、76、81)と、
前記浮遊貯蔵施設または陸上貯蔵施設(77)から前記船のタンクまで、または、前記船のタンクから前記浮遊貯蔵施設または陸上貯蔵施設まで、前記絶縁ラインを介して液体を運ぶポンプと、を有する
ことを特徴とする輸送システム。
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JP2020519828A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2020-07-02 | ギャズトランスポルト エ テクニギャズ | 燃料を発電施設に供給するための装置及び方法 |
WO2020036084A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 低温流体の圧送ユニット、低温流体の圧送方法、及び低温流体の圧送ユニットを備えた装置 |
JP2022518252A (ja) * | 2019-01-22 | 2022-03-14 | ギャズトランスポルト エ テクニギャズ | 液化ガスのための貯蔵及び/又は輸送システム |
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