JP2018202908A - Four uniaxial wheels with different diameters and vehicle equipped with the same:2 gauges train (wgt) - Google Patents
Four uniaxial wheels with different diameters and vehicle equipped with the same:2 gauges train (wgt) Download PDFInfo
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本発明は複数の異なる鉄道線路の軌間上を走行可能にする事を目的とした車両及び線路の形状その他各種地上施設に対してシステムとして簡易に対応させるための装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a vehicle, a shape of a track, and other devices for easily responding to various ground facilities as a system for the purpose of being able to travel on a gauge between a plurality of different railway tracks.
本件申請時において専門機関がフリーゲージトレインを開発中であり、完成すれば最も優れた車輌になると思われるが、スケジュール的に現在建設中の導入予定路線開業に間に合わないことが表面化しており、その代替策として同一ホーム上での新幹線、在来線乗り換え方式が提唱されている。しかしこのための対応ホーム建設費用等にも巨額の費用と乗り換えのための時間ロスが見込まれており、これらの問題を解決させるのは喫緊の課題です。本件申請はフリーゲージトレイン実用化までの繋ぎとして役立つものであり、新たな乗り換え対応予算を計上する前に本申請が採用されることを望みます。 At the time of this application, a specialized institution is developing a free gauge train, and it seems that it will be the best vehicle if it is completed, but it has surfaced that it will not be in time for the scheduled opening of the route currently under construction, As an alternative, the Shinkansen and conventional line transfer methods on the same platform have been proposed. However, it is expected that there will be a huge cost and time loss for switching to the corresponding home construction costs, and it is an urgent task to solve these problems. This application is useful as a link to commercialization of the free gauge train, and we hope that this application will be adopted before a new transfer budget is allocated.
（用語の説明）
本申請で表記する下記用語の意味は次の通りである。
一軸異経四輪：一本の車軸の両側にそれぞれ複数対の輪経の異なる車輪又は一つの車輪に複数の輪経の違う踏面とフランジが装備されたもの並びに六輪、八輪等複数対装備のものを含めて、最も汎用性が高いものとして一軸異経四輪と表記する。
ＦＧＴ：フリーゲージトレイン（軌間可変車輌）本発明申請時において開発中の車輌
ＷＧＴ：ダブルゲージトレイン（一軸異経四輪・異経複数対の車輌）本発明の車輌
ＳＧＴ：シングルゲージトレイン（一軸二輪の一般車輌）在来線の通常車輌
輪経差：一本の車軸に複数の輪経の異なる車輪を取り付けた場合、或いは一つの車輪に複数の輪経の違う踏面とフランジが取り付けられた相互の輪経の差。
フランジ高：車輪踏面からフランジ先端までの高低差
車輌：台車のある一般車両、台車のない貨車も含めて一軸異経四輪を装備可能なものを車輌と表記する
軌間：ここで言う標準軌と狭軌は便宜上の表記であって、二つまたは三つの異なる軌間を相互に通行可能にする説明においてのものであり、標準軌、狭軌以外の軌道にも輪経の違う車輪を複数装備することにより準用可能のものである。
内輪と外輪：本発明において内輪は狭軌在来線用車輪を指し、外輪は標準軌用車輪を指す。本発明では便宜上表記を固定しているが、別の異なる軌間においてもそれぞれ適用可能である。
小径輪、大径輪：一本の車軸に複数の輪経の異なる車輪を取り付けた場合の小さい輪経の車輪を小径輪、大きい径の車輪を大径輪と表記する。
本線：標準軌、狭軌それぞれの線区における連続走行区間を本線と表記する。
走行動輪と空転輪：一軸の両側に複数対の車輪を装備するため、実走行ではそれぞれの本線上を走行する際、実際に「レール上を走行する車輪」と「レールに乗らない空転する車輪」が生じる。本申請ではレール上を走行する車輪を走行動輪。レールに乗らずに回転だけする車輪を空転輪と表記する。
登坂線・降坂線：小径輪走行の本線上にＷＧＴが遭遇する踏切や切替ポイントでの大径輪回避方法として、それぞれの前後に大径輪用の区間レールを敷き「低位置から区間レールで登坂乗り替え、本線レールと同じ高さにてフランジウェイのみで通過させ、その先で降坂乗り替えする」設備を言う
乗り替え・乗り越え方式：登坂線を利用して数センチのアップダウンで本線レールから区間レールへ乗り換え、踏切や切替ポイントを通過させる方法を乗り替え・乗り越え方式と称する。
分岐ポイント・合岐ポイント：登坂線を利用して軌間の違う二種類のレール高さを等高にして「レールを固定したままWGTとSGTを上下立体的に分岐させ或いは合岐させるポイント」のことで一般通常の「レールを平面上でスライドさせる切替ポイント」と区別する。
振り分け方式：待避線を設ける駅或いは区域において、本線と軌間の違う車輌を「乗り越え方式の分岐ポイント」で振り分けることにより運用が容易になる。この場合はポイントの切替操作をせずにWGTとSGTに振り分けることが出来る。また、振り分けることにより分岐されたＷＧＴ専用線にて渡り線を設けることが出来る。
なお、複数の異なる鉄道線路の軌間上を走行可能にする事を目的とした車両及び線路の改良技術としては、特開２０１１−２３４５号公報に開示された技術がある。
(Explanation of terms)
The meanings of the following terms used in this application are as follows.
Single-shaft heterogeneous four-wheel: A pair of wheels with different pairs of wheels on both sides of a single axle, or a single wheel equipped with multiple treads and flanges with different wheels, as well as multiple pairs of six wheels, eight wheels, etc. The one with the highest versatility, including the ones, is described as a uniaxial heterogeneous four-wheeled vehicle.
FGT: Free gauge train (vehicle with variable gauge) Vehicle under development at the time of filing of the present invention WGT: Double gauge train (uniaxial heterogeneous four wheel / multiple heterogeneous vehicle) Vehicle of the present invention SGT: Single gauge train (uniaxial two wheels) Conventional vehicle) Conventional vehicle wheel length difference on conventional lines: Mutually different wheels with different wheel lengths or flanges attached to one wheel The difference in the circles.
Flange height: Difference in height from the tread of the wheel to the flange tip Vehicle: A vehicle that can be equipped with a uniaxial heterogeneous four-wheel vehicle including a general vehicle with a bogie and a freight car without a bogie Narrow gauge is a notation for convenience, and is used in the description that allows two or three different gauges to pass through each other. By installing multiple wheels with different wheel diameters on standard and narrow gauges, It can be applied mutatis mutandis.
Inner ring and outer ring: In the present invention, the inner ring indicates a narrow gauge conventional line wheel, and the outer ring indicates a standard gauge wheel. In the present invention, the notation is fixed for the sake of convenience, but the present invention can also be applied to different different gauges.
Small-diameter wheel and large-diameter wheel: When a plurality of wheels having different wheel diameters are attached to one axle, a small-wheel wheel is referred to as a small-diameter wheel, and a large-diameter wheel is referred to as a large-diameter wheel.
Main line: The continuous running section in each line section of the standard gauge and narrow gauge is described as the main line.
Driving wheel and idling wheel: Because it is equipped with multiple pairs of wheels on both sides of one axis, when actually traveling on each main line, "wheels that run on rails" and "wheels that do not ride on rails" Is generated. In this application, the wheels that run on the rails are running wheels. A wheel that rotates only without being on a rail is referred to as an idle wheel.
Tosaka Line / Downhill Line: As a method of avoiding large-diameter wheels at the level crossings and switching points encountered by WGT on the main road of small-diameter wheels, section rails for large-diameter wheels are laid on the front and rear of each section. Transfer uphill at the same height as the main rail, pass only on the flange way, and transfer downhill after that. Transfer and get over method: Up and down several centimeters using the uphill line The method of transferring from the main rail to the section rail and passing the railroad crossing or switching point is called a transfer / override method.
Bifurcation point / Giki point: Using the Tosaka line, set the two different rail heights at the same level to the same point, “Points to branch or merge WGT and SGT three-dimensionally with the rail fixed.” This distinguishes it from the usual “switching point for sliding the rail on a flat surface”.
Sorting method: In a station or area where a evacuation line is provided, operation is facilitated by allocating vehicles with different gauges from the main line at the “branch point of the crossover method”. In this case, it can be distributed to WGT and SGT without switching points. Moreover, a crossover line can be provided by a WGT dedicated line branched by distribution.
In addition, there exists a technique disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2011-2345 as an improvement technique of the vehicle and track | truck aiming at enabling it to drive | work on the gauge of several different railroad tracks.
軌間の異なる鉄道路線は、その軌間不連続点を超えて相互に車輌乗り入れ運転が出来ない。それを解消すべく従来より三線軌道や台車の交換、最近では軌間可変車輌の実証研究が行われてきた。しかしそのどれもが一長一短があり路線総ての地上工事が必要であったり、複雑な軌間変換装置を装備した高価な車輌であったりして費用対効果の面で巨額のコストが問題となったが、その中でも一番利便性が高いのが軌間可変車輌であると評価され実現が近いと言われながら構造が複雑で耐久性や巨額の費用、維持管理面で難点があり実用化にはまだ時間が掛かるのが実状である。 Railway lines with different gauges cannot be driven into each other beyond the gap discontinuities. In order to solve this problem, three-track tracks and carts have been replaced, and recently, empirical research has been conducted on variable-gauge vehicles. However, all of them have merits and demerits, and it is necessary to work on the ground for all routes, or expensive vehicles equipped with complicated gauge conversion devices, and huge costs have become a problem in terms of cost effectiveness. However, the most convenient of them is evaluated as a variable-gauge vehicle, and it is said that it is close to realization, but the structure is complicated and there are difficulties in durability, huge cost, maintenance and management, and it is still in practical use The actual situation is that it takes time.
第１の発明は、
軌間の異なるレールで配設されている複数の区間レールに対して相互に乗り入れ走行可能な車輪を装備した鉄道システムであって、当該車輌は前記軌間が異なるレールに対応する車輪幅に設定された複数対の車輪を、共通の車軸に設けた一軸多輪の車輌であり、これら複数対の車輪のうち、いずれかを走行動輪とし残りを空転輪にして前記複数の異軌間レールを直通運転することを特徴とする鉄道システムである。
第２の発明は、第１の発明において、
前記複数対の車輪は大きい輪径の車輪一対と小さい輪径の車輪一対又は複数対で構成され、共通の車軸に設けた一軸異経多車輪の車輌であることを特徴とする鉄道システムである。
第３の発明は、第１または、第２の発明において、
前記車軸の一端側及び他端側の各々に配置される車輪群は、一体的に成形されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は２に記載の鉄道システムである。
第４の発明は、第２の発明において、
前記複数対の車輪のなかの小径輪の車輪を走行動輪とする路線は、踏切や切替ポイントなどの乗り越え通過区間に最も大きい車輪を走行動輪に切替て当該乗り越え通過区間を通過するための乗換・乗り越え用の区間レール及び大径輪のレールのフランジが通過するフランジウェイが配設されていることを特徴とする鉄道システムである。
第４の発明は、第２の発明において、
前記一軸異経多輪の車輌と通常の車輌とを軌間の異なる路線に分岐、または軌間の異なる路線を合岐させるポイントで、「平面上での切替レールをスライド操作させる機構」を配置せず、レールを固定したまま大径輪の空転車輪用のレールをポイント区間に設けて低い位置から登坂線による助走、従前小径輪走行線路とレール高さを揃えてレール乗換、小径輪を浮かせて乗り越え、レール乗換、助走降坂の順序によりポイントと車輪が接触破損する事なく立体的に分岐合岐を行うことが出来る鉄道システムである。
The first invention is
A railway system equipped with wheels that can travel on and run on a plurality of section rails arranged with different rails between rails, and the vehicle is set to have a wheel width corresponding to the rails with different rails. It is a single-shaft multi-wheel vehicle in which a plurality of pairs of wheels are provided on a common axle, and one of the plurality of pairs of wheels is a running wheel and the rest is an idling wheel, and the plurality of rails with different rails are directly operated. It is a railway system characterized by this.
According to a second invention, in the first invention,
The plurality of pairs of wheels is a single-wheel heterogeneous multi-wheeled vehicle that is configured by a pair of wheels having a large wheel diameter and a pair of wheels having a small wheel diameter or a plurality of pairs, and provided on a common axle. .
According to a third invention, in the first or second invention,
3. The railway system according to claim 1, wherein the wheel groups arranged on one end side and the other end side of the axle are integrally formed. 4.
According to a fourth invention, in the second invention,
The route that uses the small-diameter wheel of the plurality of pairs of wheels as the driving wheel is a transfer to switch the largest wheel to the driving wheel in the overpass section such as a railroad crossing or a switching point and pass through the overpass section. A railway system in which a flange way through which a section rail for overcoming and a flange of a large-diameter wheel rail pass is disposed.
According to a fourth invention, in the second invention,
At the point where the uniaxial heterogeneous multi-wheeled vehicle and the normal vehicle are branched to different routes between the gauges, or the different routes between the gauges are branched, the “mechanism for sliding the switching rail on the plane” is not arranged. With the rail fixed, a rail for a large-diameter idling wheel is provided in the point section, running uphill from a low position, aligning the rail height with the previous small-diameter track, changing the rail, and floating over the small-diameter wheel This is a railway system that allows branching and branching in three dimensions without contact damage between the points and wheels in the order of rail transfer and running downhill.
本発明は、列車が、複雑な車輌の構造によることなく、異なるゲージ幅の線路を走行する
ことを可能にする。
The present invention allows a train to travel on tracks with different gauge widths without relying on complex vehicle structures.
異なる軌間をそれぞれの線路に適合する車輪複数組において、一軸に輪経差27ｍｍ（フランジ高）以上の異なる複数の車輪を固定し、一軸多輪の車輌を作りそれぞれの路線を走行可能にする。
輪経の違う車輪を複数装備することにより狭軌、標準軌等複数の軌間の一方の接触障害を無くし、もう一方の大経綸の障害対策（切替ポイント、踏切）を施すことにより異なる軌間を走行可能にし、最小限の費用と設備、装備で実現させるものである。
通常走行においては「輪経が異なる」ため相互に支障は生じない。特異点として踏切と切替ポイントに輪経の大きい車輪のフランジ回避対策を講じておけば相互に走行可能となる。
In a plurality of sets of wheels adapted to the respective tracks between different gauges, a plurality of different wheels with a wheel difference of 27 mm (flange height) or more are fixed to one axis, and a single-axis multi-wheel vehicle is made to be able to travel on each route.
Equipped with multiple wheels with different wheel diameters, one contact failure between multiple gauges such as narrow gauge and standard gauge is eliminated, and it is possible to travel between different gauges by taking measures against obstacles (switching points, rail crossings) of the other large warp And realized with minimum cost, equipment and equipment.
In normal driving, there is no problem with each other because the wheels are different. If measures are taken to avoid flanges with large wheels at the railroad crossing and switching points as singular points, it becomes possible to run mutually.
通常新幹線（標準軌）車両を在来線に下ろす場合は内輪に輪経の小さい車輪を用いて標準軌内での接触障害を回避させ、在来線走行で突出した外輪フランジを「乗り越え方式」にて回避させることになるが、標準軌、狭軌双方の障害の多寡により外輪を小さく、内輪を大きくして標準軌側で障害対策をすることも可能である。 When lowering a conventional Shinkansen (standard rail) vehicle to a conventional track, use a wheel with a small wheel diameter on the inner ring to avoid contact obstructions in the standard rail, and change the outer ring flange that protrudes from the conventional track to the “pass-over method”. However, due to the large number of obstacles in both the standard gauge and narrow gauge, it is possible to reduce the outer ring and enlarge the inner ring to take measures against the obstacle on the standard gauge side.
図１−１は、本発明の車輌が標準軌上を走行している状態である。この状態では小径内輪が空転して走行する。
図１−２は、本発明の車輌が狭軌上を走行している状態である。この状態では大径外輪が狭軌線路の外側を空転して走行する。近年の車輌は車輪外側にカバーが取り付けられておりレール周りの障害物対策を行うことにより問題は生じない。
図１−３は、本発明の車輌が、標準軌と狭軌の両方に接して走行している移行状態である。狭軌線内輪走行から標準軌区間レールを敷いて低位置から登坂助走させながら狭軌線レールと同じ高さにする過程の図を示す。レール型対応。
図１−４は、本発明の車輌が、標準軌と狭軌の両方に接して走行している移行状態である。
狭軌線内輪走行から標準軌区間レールを敷いて低位置から登坂助走させながら狭軌線レールと同じ高さにする過程の図を示す。枕木対応
図１−５も、本発明の車輌が、標準軌と狭軌の両方に接して走行する助走状態から狭軌線レールと同じ高さに引き上げて車輪を小径車輪走行から大経車輪走行へ移行し、その後に小径車輪を浮かせて切替ポイント、分岐・合岐ポイント、踏切盤、その他地上設備、施設の障害を回避して走行する状態を示す。
この形態を「登坂線による低い位置から助走、上下高低のレール乗換、従前小競輪走行線路とレール高さを揃えてレール乗換、小径輪を浮かせて乗り越え、レール乗換、助走降坂」の順序の課程を総称して「乗り越え方式」と称する。
FIG. 1-1 shows a state where the vehicle of the present invention is traveling on a standard gauge. In this state, the small-diameter inner ring runs idle.
FIG. 1-2 shows a state where the vehicle of the present invention is traveling on a narrow gauge. In this state, the large-diameter outer ring runs while running outside the narrow gauge track. In recent vehicles, a cover is attached to the outside of the wheel, and no problem arises by taking measures against obstacles around the rail.
FIG. 1-3 is a transition state in which the vehicle of the present invention is running in contact with both a standard gauge and a narrow gauge. The figure of the process of laying the standard gauge section rail from the narrow gauge inner ring running and making it run uphill from a low position to the same height as the narrow gauge rail is shown. Rail type compatible.
1-4 is a transition state in which the vehicle of the present invention is running in contact with both the standard gauge and the narrow gauge.
The figure of the process of laying the standard gauge section rail from the narrow gauge inner ring running and making it run uphill from a low position to the same height as the narrow gauge rail is shown. Sleeper support Fig. 1-5 also shows that the vehicle of the present invention moves from a running state in contact with both a standard gauge and a narrow gauge to the same height as the narrow gauge rail and moves the wheel from a small-diameter wheel to a large-diameter wheel. After that, it shows a state where the small-diameter wheel is lifted to avoid the obstacles of the switching point, branching / combining point, railroad crossing board, other ground facilities and facilities.
This form is the order of `` running from a low position on the uphill line, rail transfer at the top and bottom, low and high, aligning the rail height with the previous rail race track, rail transfer, floating over the small diameter wheel, rail transfer, run downhill '' The courses are collectively referred to as the “override method”.
以上の図１−１から図１−５に示した例では、外側に標準軌用車輪符号１の外輪径は、内側に狭軌用車輪符号２の内輪径より大きいが、本発明の図2-1〜2-5に示した例では、外側の標準軌用車輪符号１の外輪径が内側の狭軌用車輪符号２の内輪径より小さい。これは、狭軌で走行する場合の切替ポイント及び踏切等障害の多寡により内輪外輪の小径、大経を入れ替えることによる経済合理性を想定している。 In the example shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 1-5, the outer ring diameter of the standard gauge wheel code 1 is larger on the outside than the inner ring diameter of the narrow gauge wheel code 2 on the inner side. In the example shown in 1-2-5, the outer ring diameter of the outer standard gauge wheel code 1 is smaller than the inner ring diameter of the inner narrow gauge wheel code 2. This assumes economic rationality by exchanging the small and large diameters of the inner and outer rings due to a number of obstacles such as switching points and railroad crossings when traveling in narrow gauge.
図３は本発明の大径輪と小径輪の輪径の差を説明した図である。大径輪の踏面と小径輪フランジ先端部との輪径差による非接触領域を確保し、実走行時においてこの安全値を管理することにより異軌間相互の障害対策を万全とすることが出来る。図４は重量物である鉄道車輪を複数組装着することによる車両の重量増を改善できるように本発明で考案した大径輪小径輪を一体的に形成された複合車輪、又は大径輪小径輪を結合させた一体車輪である。この場合輪心部分、リム部の一部を複数輪複合による重層部分痩身或いは形状変更による軽量化構造、又は軽量材利用により車輪全体を軽量化出来れば省エネルギー対策、線路盤の負担軽減にも繋がる。なお本発明申請時現在東海道山陽新幹線にて運用されているＮ700系は車両重量４３トン。東北上越新幹線にて運用されているＥ５系は車両重量４５トンであり、その差は２トン。本発明の一軸四輪の車輌を用いた場合の一車輪３００キログラム重として８輪２．４トンであり、現在開発中のＦＧＴが炭素繊維等を利用して２トンの軽量化を図りＮ７００系と同重量としていることを踏まえると許容範囲内と考えられる。なお、「一体的に形成」とは、一体成形された車輪の他、複数の車輪の面同士をボルト等の固定手段で固定した車輪なども含む。図５−１〜図５−４はＳＧＴ、ＷＧＴ併用路線においてＳＧＴ車輌の車両限界差異からくる駅ホームと車輌ステップとの大きく開いた隙間を調整するための三線軌道による偏移走行運用を想定した図である。図５の各図は外輪を大径輪、内輪を小径輪として記載しているが図２の各図のように外輪を小径輪、内輪を大径輪とした場合は線路の配置を入れ替えて利用する。
(狭軌線を走行する場合の２形態)
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the difference in diameter between the large-diameter wheel and the small-diameter wheel of the present invention. By securing a non-contact area due to the wheel diameter difference between the tread surface of the large-diameter wheel and the tip of the small-diameter wheel flange, and by managing this safety value during actual running, it is possible to take measures against troubles between different gauges. FIG. 4 shows a composite wheel in which a large-diameter small-diameter wheel devised in the present invention is integrally formed, or a large-diameter small-diameter so as to improve the weight increase of the vehicle by mounting a plurality of heavy railway wheels. It is a monolithic wheel that combines wheels. In this case, if the whole wheel part can be reduced by using a lightweight structure with multiple layers combined, or a lightweight structure by changing the shape of the wheel part and rim part, or using a lightweight material, this will also lead to energy saving measures and a reduction in the load on the track board. . The N700 series currently operating on the Tokaido Sanyo Shinkansen at the time of application for the present invention weighs 43 tons. The E5 series operated on the Tohoku Joetsu Shinkansen has a vehicle weight of 45 tons, a difference of 2 tons. When using the single-axle four-wheel vehicle of the present invention, the wheel is 2.4 tons as a 300 kg weight of one wheel, and the FGT currently under development uses carbon fiber etc. to reduce the weight by 2 tons and the N700 series Considering that the weight is the same as that, it is considered to be within the allowable range. The term “integrally formed” includes, in addition to the integrally formed wheels, a wheel in which surfaces of a plurality of wheels are fixed with fixing means such as bolts. Fig.5-1 to Fig.5-4 assume a shift running operation with a three-line track to adjust the wide gap between the station platform and the vehicle step resulting from the vehicle limit difference of the SGT vehicle on the combined route of SGT and WGT. FIG. Each figure in FIG. 5 describes the outer ring as a large-diameter wheel and the inner ring as a small-diameter ring. However, when the outer ring is a small-diameter wheel and the inner ring is a large-diameter wheel as shown in FIG. Use.
(2 forms when traveling on narrow gauge)
一軸異経4輪のＷＧＴ車輌で通常は内輪を狭軌線専用小径車輪として標準軌道での切替ポイント接触を回避できるが。狭軌線走行時に標準軌用大径外輪は線路の１８４ｍｍ外側を２７ｍｍ以上、下がった位置で空転させることになる。最近の車輌は車輪下部までカバーが付いており特に問題は生じない。特異点として切替ポイント及び分岐・合岐ポイント、踏切の前後において大径外輪と地上設備、施設の接触障害が発生する。本発明はこの障害を回避させる対策としてＷＧＴ走行を実現させるために狭軌本線レール横に図６−１、図６−２、図６−４並びに図７−１の形態の外輪用標準軌区間レールを敷き低い位置から車輪を図１−３、図１−４記載の走行状態に移行して本線と同じ図１−５の通り標準軌レールを狭軌線レールと同じ高さに引き上げ登坂し小径輪を浮かせることにより外輪走行乗り越え方式にて接触障害を回避させる。また、内輪を大径車輪として、外輪を小径車輪とした場合は、狭軌線走行時は特に接触障害は生じない。
なお、図６の各図、図７の各図に記載の登坂降坂助走区間の距離を図面スペースの都合で省略しているが、この助走区間を長めに取ることによって搭乗者がこの区間を気付かずに通過させることが出来る。
(標準軌線を走行する場合の２形態)
Although it is a WGT vehicle with uniaxial heterogeneous four wheels, it is usually possible to avoid switching point contact on the standard track by using the inner wheel as a small-diameter wheel dedicated to narrow tracks. When running on a narrow gauge, the standard-gauge large-diameter outer ring is idled at a position lowered 184 mm outside the track by 27 mm or more. Recent vehicles have a cover up to the bottom of the wheel, so there is no problem. As a singular point, switching points, branching / combining points, and large diameter outer rings, ground equipment, and facility contact failures before and after a level crossing occur. In the present invention, as a measure for avoiding this obstacle, in order to realize WGT traveling, a standard gauge section rail for an outer ring in the form of FIGS. 6-1, 6-2, 6-4 and 7-1 beside the narrow gauge main rail. 1-5, and the wheel is moved from the lower position to the running state shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 1-4, and the standard gauge rail is raised to the same height as the narrow gauge rail as shown in FIG. The contact obstacle is avoided by floating over the outer ring. Further, when the inner ring is a large-diameter wheel and the outer ring is a small-diameter wheel, no contact failure occurs particularly during narrow-gauge traveling.
In addition, although the distance of the climbing slope descending runway section shown in each figure of FIG. 6 and each figure of FIG. 7 is omitted for the convenience of the drawing space, the passenger can make this section longer by taking this runaway section longer. You can pass through without notice.
(Two forms when traveling on standard track)
一軸異経４輪の２ゲージ対応車輌で通常は外輪を標準軌専用大径車輪としておけば小径内輪の接触障害は生じない。
また、一軸異経四輪の２ゲージ対応車輌で内輪を大経車輪として、外輪を小径車輪とした場合は、標準軌線において狭軌線用大径外輪は線路の184ｍｍ内側を2７ｍｍ以上、下がった位置で空転させることになる。特異点として踏切及び切替ポイントの前後に内輪用狭軌レールを敷き低位置から図２−３、図２−４記載の走行状態に移行して本線と同じ図２−５のレールレベルまで登坂し小径外輪を浮かせて内輪走行で乗り越え方式として接触障害を回避させる。
(登坂乗り越え方式での障害回避)
If the outer ring is a large-diameter wheel dedicated to the standard gauge in a two-gauge vehicle with four uniaxial heterogeneous wheels, contact failure of the small-diameter inner ring will not occur.
In addition, when the inner ring is a large meridian wheel and the outer ring is a small diameter wheel in a uniaxial heterogeneous four-wheeled vehicle, the large diameter outer ring for the narrow gauge is lowered by 27 mm or more inside the track at 184 mm. It will be idle at the position. As a singular point, a narrow gauge rail for the inner ring is laid before and after the railroad crossing and the switching point, and the vehicle shifts from the low position to the running state shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 2-4 and climbs up to the rail level shown in FIG. The outer ring is lifted to avoid contact failure as a way to get over the inner ring.
(Avoidance of obstacles by climbing over the slope)
通常の切替ポイントでＷＧＴとＳＧＴの併用走行を行うには複雑なポイント構造になるが本発明では小さい径の車輪走行区間において大きい経の空転車輪用のレールをポイント区間に設けて低い位置から登坂線による助走、上下高低のレール乗換、従前小競輪走行線路とレール高さを揃えてレール乗換、乗り越え、レール乗換、助走降坂の順序によりポイントが接触破損する事なく切り替え通過できる。図６−１、図６−２は、在来線の走行時において、在来線を直進、または分岐させる場合のレールの配置を示している。この場合外輪のポイント接触を回避させるために符号４のレールをポイントの前後に設置、助走して乗り越える。
図８−１、８−２は、図６に示したポイントを通過する車輪の状態を示している。切替ポイントの手前より大経車輪用レール符号４を敷き、低位置より数センチ分の上り勾配で助走し図１−３、図１−４の状態から図１−５の状態に移行、小径車輪線と同レベルにして緩やかに輪経差のフランジをフランジウェイのみで乗り越え回避させる。
(立体、分岐・合岐ポイント)
To use WGT and SGT in combination at a normal switching point, a complicated point structure is used. In the present invention, a large wheel slipping wheel rail is provided in the point section in a small-diameter wheel traveling section, and the climbing starts from a low position. Lines can be switched without passing through contact breaks in the order of line run-up, rail transfer with high and low rails, and the same rail height as the previous small race track running line, rail transfer, getting over, rail transfer, run-up downhill. FIGS. 6A and 6B show the arrangement of the rails when the conventional line travels straight or branches when the conventional line travels. In this case, in order to avoid the point contact of the outer ring, a rail of reference number 4 is installed before and after the point, and it gets over and runs.
8A and 8B show the state of the wheel passing through the points shown in FIG. Put rail code 4 for meridian wheels before the switching point, and run up by a few centimeters of ascending slope from the low position to shift from the state of FIGS. 1-3 and 1-4 to the state of FIG. At the same level as the line, gently avoid overcoming the flange of the ring difference only with the flange way.
(Three-dimensional, branch / Kiki points)
図６−４はＷＧＴとＳＧＴを軌間の異なる路線に分岐、または合岐させるポイント。
ポイント操作不要でレール固定のまま分岐合岐を行うことを特徴とする従来の切替ポイントとは全く違う、「立体分岐合岐ポイン」であり請求項５に記載の鉄道システム。
従来の平面上のレールポイントスライド操作させる機構を配置せず、レールの上下高低による組み合わせを含めて立体的に分岐合岐を行うことができる異経四輪に対応する。
(ＳＧＴ・WGTそれぞれの車両限界の調整)
Fig. 6-4 shows the point where WGT and SGT are branched or merged on different routes.
The railway system according to claim 5, which is a “three-dimensional branching point” that is completely different from a conventional switching point characterized in that branching and branching is performed with the rail fixed without requiring point operation.
It corresponds to heterogeneous four-wheeled vehicles that can perform branching and branching in a three-dimensional manner, including a combination of the upper and lower levels of the rail, without arranging a conventional mechanism for sliding rail points on a plane.
(Adjustment of vehicle limits for SGT and WGT)
図５−２、図５−３、図５−４及び図９−２は駅ホームでの車両限界を大型新幹線車両を通過させるために後退させることになる場合、在来線ＳＧＴ車両をホーム側に偏移させるための線路配置を示している。また、図９−１は待避線の有る駅にて在来線ＳＧＴと新幹線ＷＧＴの駅ホーム振り分け配置にすることにより車両限界のみならず、建築限界として車両とホームの高さを調整してステップ高さを揃えることができる。
(踏切での乗り越え通過)
5-2, FIG. 5-3, FIG. 5-4, and FIG. 9-2 show that when the vehicle limit at the station platform is to be moved backward to pass the large Shinkansen vehicle, the conventional line SGT vehicle is moved to the home side. The line arrangement for shifting is shown. In addition, FIG. 9-1 is a step in which the height of the vehicle and the platform is adjusted not only as a vehicle limit but also as a building limit by arranging the station line distribution of the conventional line SGT and the Shinkansen WGT at the station with the escape line. The height can be aligned.
(Passing over at a railroad crossing)
図７−１は、踏切におけるレールの配置を示す。踏切の手前より大経車輪用レール符号４を敷き、数センチ分の上り勾配で助走し小径車輪線符号５と同じ高さに揃え、小径輪を浮かせて緩やかに輪経差のフランジをフランジウェイのみで乗り越え回避させる。 FIG. 7-1 shows the arrangement of the rails at the crossing. Lay the rail code 4 for large meridian wheels before the railroad crossing, run up with an ascending slope of several centimeters, align with the same height as the small diameter wheel wire code 5, float the small diameter wheel, and gently set the flange of the wheel diameter to the flange way Let alone get over and avoid.
注記 図６-１、図６-２、図６-３、及び図８-１、図８-２に記載の登坂線は図面上での制約で助走距離が短く記載してあるが、仕組みを紹介する上でも分かりやすくした。数センチのアップダウンなので短距離でも可能だが乗客が気付かない程度にするには助走距離は長い方が良い。
(新幹線におけるモデルプラン)
NOTE The climbing line shown in Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 8-1, and Fig. 8-2 has a short run-up distance due to restrictions on the drawing. It was easy to understand when introducing. A short mile is possible because it is a few centimeters up and down, but a longer run-up distance is better to prevent passengers from noticing.
(Model plan for Shinkansen)
通常長距離運搬手段としての新幹線に対して、その延長線で在来線への乗り入れをモデルとした場合、標準軌用の外輪＝大径輪。狭軌在来線用の内輪＝小径輪が想定される。狭軌在来線走行時に外輪が線路の１８４ｍｍ外側を２７ｍｍ以上、下がった位置で空転する大径輪の障害対策として、登坂線乗り越え方式にてフランジウェイのみを確保して「踏切」と「切替ポイント」を通過させる方法が最適と思われる。
(東京大田区で検討されている蒲蒲線（仮称）でのモデルプラン)
When the Shinkansen is normally used as a long-distance transportation means and the conventional line is used as an extension, the outer ring for the standard gauge is a large-diameter wheel. Inner ring for narrow gauge conventional line = small diameter ring is assumed. As a countermeasure against obstacles of large-diameter wheels where the outer wheel spins 27mm or more outside the 184mm outside of the track when traveling on a narrow gauge conventional line, only the flange way is secured by the climbing line and the "crossing" and "switching points" It seems to be the best way to pass.
(Model plan for Minato Line (provisional name) under consideration in Ota-ku, Tokyo)
上記新幹線でのプランに対して蒲蒲線の場合、大径輪の障害対策の多寡を検討すると東急線、西武線、東武線のそれぞれの線区にある「踏切」と「切替ポイント」の数が圧倒的であり京急羽田線での対策は現状2カ所の踏切と終点での切替ポイントを登坂線乗り越え方式にすると容易である。このため内輪を大径輪、外輪を小径輪として、京急線内では内輪が線路の１８４ｍｍ内側を２７ｍｍ以上、下がった位置で空転させる方法が最適と思われる。 In the case of the Kashiwa Line against the plan on the Shinkansen, the number of “crossings” and “switching points” in each of the Tokyu, Seibu, and Tobu Lines when considering the measures for obstacles for large-diameter wheels However, the countermeasures on the Keikyu Haneda Line are easy if the crossing at the current two level crossings and the switching point at the end point are over the Tosaka Line. For this reason, it seems to be optimal that the inner ring is a large-diameter wheel and the outer ring is a small-diameter wheel, and that the inner ring idles at a position lowered 184 mm inside the track by 27 mm or more within the Keikyu Line.
１ 標準軌用車輪
２ 狭軌用車輪
３ 主軸
４ 標準軌レール
５ 狭軌レール
６ 枕木
７ 狭軌本線
８ 狭軌本線分岐
９ 標準軌大径輪乗換登坂降坂線
10 狭軌切替ポイント
11 分岐合岐ポイント
12 標準軌本線
13 狭軌大径輪乗換登坂降坂線
14 狭軌大径輪分岐
15 標準軌分岐線
16 狭軌大径輪乗換登坂降坂線
17 踏切狭軌ガードレール
18 踏切標準軌ガードレール
19 踏切盤
20 待避本線
21 追い越し線
22 三線軌道切替ポイント
23 広軌レール
24 広軌用車輪
1 Wheel for standard gauge 2 Wheel for narrow gauge 3 Spindle 4 Standard gauge rail 5 Narrow gauge rail 6 Sleeper 7 Narrow gauge main line 8 Narrow gauge main line branch 9 Standard gauge large diameter wheel transfer uphill downhill line
10 Narrow gauge switching point
11 Branch branch
12 Standard rail line
13 Narrow gauge large-diameter wheel transfer Tosaka downhill line
14 Narrow gauge large-diameter branch
15 Standard gauge branch line
16 Narrow-gauge large-diameter wheel transfer Tosaka downhill line
17 Railroad crossing narrow gauge guardrail
18 Railroad crossing standard gauge guardrail
19 Railroad crossing board
20 Retreat Main Line
21 Overtaking line
22 Three-track trajectory switching point
23 wide gauge rail
24 Wide gauge wheels
Claims (5)
共通の車軸に設けた一軸異経多車輪の車輌であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の鉄道システム。 The plurality of pairs of wheels are composed of a pair of wheels having a large diameter and a pair of wheels having a small diameter or a plurality of pairs.
The railway system according to claim 1, wherein the railway system is a uniaxial heterogeneous multi-wheel vehicle provided on a common axle.
特徴とする請求項1又は２に記載の鉄道システム。 The wheel groups disposed on each of the one end side and the other end side of the axle are integrally formed.
The railway system according to claim 1, wherein the railway system is characterized.
At the point where the uniaxial heterogeneous multi-wheeled vehicle and the normal vehicle are branched to different routes between the gauges, or the different routes between the gauges are branched, the “mechanism for sliding the switching rail on the plane” is not arranged. With the rail fixed, a rail for a large-diameter idling wheel is provided in the point section, running uphill from a low position, aligning the rail height with the previous small-diameter track, changing the rail, and floating over the small-diameter wheel The railway system according to claim 2, wherein the branching and branching can be performed in three dimensions without contact damage between the points and the wheels in the order of rail transfer and run-up downhill.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111573181A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 | Ingenious automatic lifting trolley device |
| JP2020190193A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-11-26 | 裕恒 池田 | Wheel mechanism and section rail corresponding to railway system allowing wheel mechanism to be run |
| WO2020253444A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Locking mechanism for gauge-changeable wheel set, gauge-changeable wheel set and gauge-changeable bogie |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2020253444A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Locking mechanism for gauge-changeable wheel set, gauge-changeable wheel set and gauge-changeable bogie |
| CN111573181A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 | Ingenious automatic lifting trolley device |
| JP2020190193A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-11-26 | 裕恒 池田 | Wheel mechanism and section rail corresponding to railway system allowing wheel mechanism to be run |
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