JP2018126837A - Stability limit chart creation device and stability limit chart creation method - Google Patents

Stability limit chart creation device and stability limit chart creation method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2018126837A
JP2018126837A JP2017022723A JP2017022723A JP2018126837A JP 2018126837 A JP2018126837 A JP 2018126837A JP 2017022723 A JP2017022723 A JP 2017022723A JP 2017022723 A JP2017022723 A JP 2017022723A JP 2018126837 A JP2018126837 A JP 2018126837A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tool
chatter
frequency
stability limit
vibration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2017022723A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP6505145B2 (en
Inventor
謙吾 河合
Kengo Kawai
謙吾 河合
勝彦 大野
Katsuhiko Ono
勝彦 大野
静雄 西川
Shizuo Nishikawa
静雄 西川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DMG Mori Co Ltd
Original Assignee
DMG Mori Seiki Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DMG Mori Seiki Co Ltd filed Critical DMG Mori Seiki Co Ltd
Priority to JP2017022723A priority Critical patent/JP6505145B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2017/042531 priority patent/WO2018146913A1/en
Publication of JP2018126837A publication Critical patent/JP2018126837A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6505145B2 publication Critical patent/JP6505145B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/007Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/12Adaptive control, i.e. adjusting itself to have a performance which is optimum according to a preassigned criterion
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/404Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4063Monitoring general control system

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stability limit chart creation device and so on by which a proper stability limit chart in line with actual processing can be created.SOLUTION: This stability line chart creation device comprises: a vibration detection part 2 which detects vibration of a vibration system which is generated when processing a work-piece by a tool; a chatter detection part 3 which analyzes vibration detected by the vibration detection part 2, and associates a regenerative chatter frequency at the time of generation of regenerative chatter in the tool with a spindle rotational speed and stores the same in a data storage part 4; a calculation part 5 which calculates an optionally set attenuation ratio of the vibration system based on combination of the tool, a tool holder, a work fixing jig and a machine tool, and calculates a characteristic frequency of the vibration system based on the regenerative chatter frequency stored in the data storage part 4 and the spindle rotational speed; a chart creation part 6 which creates a stability limit chart based on the regenerative chatter frequency stored in the data storage part 4 and the spindle rotational speed; and a display 7 which displays the stability limit chart created by the chart creation part 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、工作機械を用い、切削工具によってワークを加工する際に生じる再生びびりについて、その安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成装置、及び安定限界線図作成方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a stability limit diagram creation device and a stability limit diagram creation method for creating a stability limit diagram of regenerative chatter generated when a workpiece is machined with a cutting tool using a machine tool.

工作機械を用いた加工の分野では、ワークを効率よく加工すること及び加工コストを低減させることが永続的な課題として探求されている。一方、機械加工に求められる加工精度については、日増しに高い精度が求められるようになってきており、ワークを加工する際には、加工効率、加工コスト及び加工精度の各要素について要求される基準を満足するような加工条件を設定する必要がある。   In the field of machining using machine tools, efficient machining of workpieces and reduction of machining costs are being sought as permanent issues. On the other hand, with regard to machining accuracy required for machining, high accuracy is increasingly required day by day, and when machining a workpiece, elements of machining efficiency, machining cost, and machining accuracy are required. It is necessary to set processing conditions that satisfy the standards.

そして、従来、加工精度に係る要素のうち再生びびりに着目し、工具又はワークを回転させる主軸の回転速度と再生びびりを生じる工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関を示す線図であって、再生びびりを生じない安定領域と再生びびりを生じる不安定領域との境界を示す安定限界線図を作成して表示する装置が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, focusing on regenerative chatter among the elements related to machining accuracy, it is a diagram showing the correlation between the rotation speed of the spindle that rotates the tool or workpiece and the limit cutting depth of the tool that causes regenerative chatter. There is known an apparatus that creates and displays a stability limit diagram indicating a boundary between a stable region that does not cause a vibration and an unstable region that causes a chatter (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

この安定限界線図は、主軸回転速度が工具の固有振動数を当該工具の刃数で除した値であるときに、当該工具の限界切込み深さがピークを示す、即ち、安定領域がピークを示す所謂安定ポケット(1次安定ポケット)を有し、更に、この1次安定ポケットに対応する主軸回転速度を2以上の整数で除した各主軸回転速度において高次の安定ポケットを有する。   This stability limit diagram shows that when the spindle rotational speed is a value obtained by dividing the natural frequency of the tool by the number of blades of the tool, the limit cutting depth of the tool shows a peak, that is, the stable region has a peak. It has a so-called stable pocket (primary stable pocket), and further has a high-order stable pocket at each spindle rotational speed obtained by dividing the spindle rotational speed corresponding to the primary stable pocket by an integer of 2 or more.

斯くして、この安定限界線図によれば、オペレータは再生びびりを生じない主軸回転速度と工具の切り込み深さとの関係を瞬時に視覚的に認識することができ、当該再生びびりを生じない、効率の良い加工条件を設定することができる。このように、上記装置によれば、オペレータは装置に表示された安定限界線図を基準にすることにより、再生びびりを生じない範囲内で効率の良い加工条件を設定することができる。   Thus, according to this stability limit diagram, the operator can instantly visually recognize the relationship between the spindle rotational speed at which no regenerative chatter occurs and the cutting depth of the tool, and the regenerative chatter does not occur. Efficient machining conditions can be set. Thus, according to the above apparatus, the operator can set efficient machining conditions within a range in which regenerative chatter does not occur by using the stability limit diagram displayed on the apparatus as a reference.

特許第5622626号公報Japanese Patent No. 5622626

ところで、工具系の固有振動数を求める方法には、ハンマリング試験やスイープ加振試験等があり、一般にこれらの方法は主軸が停止した状態で行われる。しかしながら、工具系の固有振動数は、主軸が停止している時と、主軸が回転して加工している時とでは異なることが分かっている。   Incidentally, methods for obtaining the natural frequency of the tool system include a hammering test and a sweep vibration test, and these methods are generally performed with the main shaft stopped. However, it has been found that the natural frequency of the tool system is different between when the spindle is stopped and when the spindle is turning.

このため、上記従来の装置によって得られた安定限界線図を基にしては、再生びびりの生じない、効率の良い加工条件を、実際の加工に即した適正なものに設定することができなかった。   For this reason, based on the stability limit diagram obtained by the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, it is not possible to set an efficient machining condition that does not cause regenerative chatter to an appropriate one in accordance with actual machining. It was.

本発明は、以上の実情に鑑みなされたものであって、実際の加工に即した適正な安定限界線図を作成することができる安定限界線図作成装置及び安定限界線図作成方法の提供を、その目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a stability limit diagram creation device and a stability limit diagram creation method capable of creating an appropriate stability limit diagram in accordance with actual machining. And its purpose.

上記課題を解決するための本発明は、少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成方法であって、
前記工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出し、
検出した前記振動系の振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、当該再生びびりの周波数を、測定再生びびり周波数として該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて記憶し、
前記工具、前記工具ホルダ、前記ワーク固定治具及び前記工作機械の組み合わせに基づいて任意に設定した前記振動系の減衰比、並びに記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記振動系の固有振動数を算出し、算出した固有振動数、前記設定した減衰比、並びに記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて、前記安定限界線図を作成するようにした安定限界線図作成方法に係る。
The present invention for solving the above-described problems is based on the natural frequency and damping ratio of a vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. This is a method for creating a stability limit diagram that creates a stability limit diagram that is a correlation diagram between the spindle rotational speed and the limit cutting depth of the tool, showing the boundary between the stable region and the unstable region of regenerative chatter. And
Detecting the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the detected vibration magnitude of the vibration system, it is determined whether regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool. If it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is measured. Storing the playback chatter frequency in association with the spindle rotational speed when the playback chatter occurs,
The vibration based on the damping ratio of the vibration system arbitrarily set based on a combination of the tool, the tool holder, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool, and the stored measurement reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed. The stability frequency is calculated by calculating the natural frequency of the system, and creating the stability limit diagram based on the calculated natural frequency, the set damping ratio, and the stored measurement reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed. It relates to the method of creating a limit diagram.

そして、この安定限界線図作成方法は、
少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成装置であって、
前記再生びびりの周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係を記憶するデータ記憶部と、
前記工具が装着される付近に配置され、該工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出する振動検出部と、
前記振動検出部によって検出された振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、該再生びびりの周波数を測定再生びびり周波数として、該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて前記データ記憶部に格納するびびり検出部と、
前記工具、前記工具ホルダ、前記ワーク固定治具及び前記工作機械の組み合わせに基づいて任意に設定した前記振動系の減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記振動系の固有振動数を算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された固有振動数、前記設定した減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて、前記安定限界線図を作成する線図作成部と、
当該線図作成部により作成された前記安定限界線図を表示する表示部とを備えた安定限界線図作成装置によって好適に実施される。
And this stability limit diagram creation method is
Regenerative chatter stable region and instability that vary depending on the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. A stability limit diagram creation device that creates a stability limit diagram that is a correlation diagram between a spindle rotation speed and a limit cutting depth of the tool, showing a boundary with a region,
A data storage unit for storing a relationship between the frequency of the playback chatter and the spindle rotational speed;
A vibration detection unit that is disposed in the vicinity of where the tool is mounted and detects the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the magnitude of vibration detected by the vibration detector, it is determined whether or not regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, and if it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is determined. A chatter detection unit that stores in the data storage unit in association with the spindle rotation speed when the playback chatter occurs as a measurement chatter frequency,
The damping ratio of the vibration system arbitrarily set based on the combination of the tool, the tool holder, the workpiece fixing jig and the machine tool, the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation stored in the data storage unit A calculation unit for calculating the natural frequency of the vibration system based on speed;
A diagram for creating the stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the set damping ratio, and the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit. The creation department;
This is preferably implemented by a stability limit diagram creating apparatus including a display unit that displays the stability limit diagram created by the diagram creation unit.

上記構成を備えた本発明によれば、まず、工具が装着される付近に配置された振動検出部によって、該工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる振動系の振動の大きさ及びその周波数が検出される。そして、この振動検出部によって検出される振動の大きさを基に、びびり検出部によって工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかが判別され、工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、当該再生びびりの周波数が測定再生びびり周波数として、当該再生びびりが生じたときの主軸回転速度と関連付けてデータ記憶部に格納される。   According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, first, the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system generated when a workpiece is machined using the tool by the vibration detection unit disposed in the vicinity of the tool being mounted. Is detected. Based on the magnitude of vibration detected by the vibration detection unit, the chatter detection unit determines whether or not regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, and if it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, The chatter frequency is stored as a measured playback chatter frequency in the data storage unit in association with the spindle rotational speed when the playback chatter occurs.

そして、データ記憶部に測定再生びびり周波数と対応する主軸回転速度が格納されると、算出部により、当該振動系の固有振動数が算出される。即ち、再生びびり周波数、これに対応する主軸回転速度、振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比との間には、所定の関係が存在する、言い換えれば、これらの関係を所定の関係式で表わせることが知られており、算出部は、当該関係式に基づいて、未知数である振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比の内、例えば、減衰比を経験値から推定される所定値に設定して、残りの未知数である振動系の固有振動数を算出する。   Then, when the spindle rotation speed corresponding to the measurement / playback chatter frequency is stored in the data storage unit, the natural frequency of the vibration system is calculated by the calculation unit. That is, there is a predetermined relationship between the playback chatter frequency, the corresponding spindle speed, the natural frequency of the vibration system, and the damping ratio. In other words, these relationships can be expressed by a predetermined relational expression. Based on the relational expression, the calculation unit sets the damping ratio to a predetermined value estimated from an empirical value, for example, among the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system that are unknown. Then, the natural frequency of the vibration system, which is the remaining unknown, is calculated.

次に、線図作成部により、前記算出部により算出された固有振動数、設定した減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された測定再生びびり周波数及び主軸回転速度に基づいて、安定限界線図が作成され、当該線図作成部により作成された安定限界線図が表示部によって表示される。   Next, based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the set damping ratio, and the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit by the diagram creation unit, a stability limit diagram is obtained. Is created, and the stability limit diagram created by the diagram creation unit is displayed by the display unit.

このように、本発明によれば、振動系全体に係る固有振動数を算出し、算出した振動系全体に係る固有振動数を用いて安定限界線図を作成するようにしているので、工具のみの固有振動数を基に安定限界線図を作成する従来に比べて、実際の加工に即したより現実的な安定限界線図を作成することができ、また、このような実加工に即した安定限界線図を用いることで、再生びびりの生じない効率の良い加工条件を、実加工に即した適正なものに設定することがでる。   Thus, according to the present invention, the natural frequency related to the entire vibration system is calculated, and the stability limit diagram is created using the calculated natural frequency related to the entire vibration system. Compared to the conventional method of creating a stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency of the system, it is possible to create a more realistic stability limit diagram that is more suitable for actual machining. By using the stability limit diagram, it is possible to set an efficient machining condition that does not cause regenerative chatter to an appropriate one in accordance with actual machining.

本発明において、前記算出部は、前記データ記憶部に格納されたデータを確認して、複数組の前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データが格納されている場合には、該複数組の前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データに基づいて、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数を算出するように構成され、
更に、前記線図作成部は、前記算出部により算出された固有振動数、減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記安定限界線図を作成するように構成されていても良い。
In the present invention, the calculation unit confirms the data stored in the data storage unit, and when a plurality of sets of relational data between the measurement / playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed are stored, Based on relation data between a plurality of sets of the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation speed, the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the vibration system are calculated.
Further, the diagram creation unit is configured to calculate the stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the damping ratio, and the measured reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit. May be configured to create.

上述したように、再生びびり周波数、これに対応する主軸回転速度、振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比の関係は所定の関係式で表わすことができる。したがって、測定再生びびり周波数及びその時の主軸回転速度に係るデータが少なくとも2組あれば、振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比を未知数とする2つの関係式を得ることができ、これらの関係式を連立方程式として解くことで、未知数である前記固有振動数及び減衰比を算出することができる。   As described above, the relationship between the regenerative chatter frequency, the corresponding spindle rotational speed, the natural frequency of the vibration system, and the damping ratio can be expressed by a predetermined relational expression. Therefore, if there are at least two sets of data related to the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed at that time, two relational expressions with the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system as unknowns can be obtained. By solving as simultaneous equations, the natural frequency and the damping ratio, which are unknown numbers, can be calculated.

斯くして、前記算出部は、上記のようにして、データ記憶部に格納された複数組の測定再生びびり周波数と主軸回転速度との関係データに基づいて、振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数を算出する。そして、線図作成部は、この算出部により算出された固有振動数、減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された測定再生びびり周波数及び主軸回転速度に基づいて安定限界線図を作成し、作成された安定限界線図が前記表示部に表示される。   Thus, the calculation unit, as described above, based on the relationship data between the plurality of sets of measurement / playback chatter frequencies and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit, the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the vibration system. Is calculated. Then, the diagram creation unit creates a stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the damping ratio, and the measured reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit, The created stability limit diagram is displayed on the display unit.

また、本発明において、前記算出部は、前記振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比をそれぞれ任意の複数の値に設定し、各設定値について、所定式で表わされる前記再生びびり周波数、主軸回転速度、固有振動数及び減衰比との関係を基に、前記データ記憶部に記憶された複数の主軸回転速度に対応した理論再生びびり周波数をそれぞれ算出し、各設定値ごとに、前記各主軸回転速度に対応する前記理論再生びびり周波数と前記測定再生びびり周波数との差をそれぞれ算出して積算し、積算された差が最小値を示す前記設定値を、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数として同定するように構成されていても良い。   Further, in the present invention, the calculation unit sets the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system to an arbitrary plurality of values, and for each set value, the reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotation speed represented by a predetermined formula Based on the relationship between the natural frequency and the damping ratio, the theoretical regenerative chatter frequency corresponding to the plurality of spindle rotation speeds stored in the data storage unit is calculated, and each spindle rotation speed is calculated for each set value. The difference between the theoretical playback chatter frequency and the measured playback chatter frequency corresponding to is calculated and integrated, and the set value indicating the minimum value of the integrated difference is used as the damping ratio and natural frequency of the vibration system. It may be configured to identify.

或いは、前記算出部は、前記振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比をそれぞれ任意の複数の値に設定し、各設定値について、所定式で表わされる前記再生びびり周波数、主軸回転速度、固有振動数及び減衰比との関係を基に、前記データ記憶部に記憶された複数の測定再生びびり周波数に対応した理論主軸回転速度をそれぞれ算出し、各設定値ごとに、前記各測定再生びびり周波数に対応する前記理論主軸回転速度と前記データ記憶部に格納された主軸回転速度との差をそれぞれ算出して積算し、積算された差が最小値を示す前記設定値を、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数として同定するように構成されていても良い。   Alternatively, the calculation unit sets the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system to an arbitrary plurality of values, and for each set value, the playback chatter frequency, the spindle rotation speed, and the natural frequency represented by a predetermined formula And the theoretical spindle speed corresponding to a plurality of measured playback chatter frequencies stored in the data storage unit based on the relationship with the damping ratio, and corresponding to each measured playback chatter frequency for each set value. The difference between the theoretical spindle rotation speed and the spindle rotation speed stored in the data storage unit is calculated and integrated, and the set value indicating the minimum value of the integrated difference is determined as the damping ratio of the vibration system and You may comprise so that it may identify as a natural frequency.

このような構成の算出部によれば、上述した連立方程式を解く手法によることなく、振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数を同定することができる。   According to the calculation unit having such a configuration, it is possible to identify the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the vibration system without using the method for solving the simultaneous equations described above.

また、前記線図作成部は、作成した前記安定限界線図の各安定ポケットの頂点に対応した主軸回転速度をS(min−1)、算出された前記固有振動数をω(Hz)、前記工具の刃数をNとして下式によって整数kを算出するとともに、算出した整数kの値を対応する安定ポケット付近に配置した安定限界線図を作成するように構成されていても良い。

Figure 2018126837
但し、[]はガウス記号である。 In addition, the diagram creation unit sets the spindle rotational speed corresponding to the apex of each stability pocket of the created stability limit diagram to S (min −1 ), the calculated natural frequency to ω n (Hz), An integer k may be calculated by the following formula with the number of blades of the tool as N, and a stability limit diagram may be created in which the calculated value of the integer k is arranged in the vicinity of the corresponding stable pocket.
Figure 2018126837
However, [] is a Gaussian symbol.

前記安定限界線図では、工具の限界切り込み深さがピーク(極大値)を示す主軸転速度が複数存在し、各ピークを示す山形部は安定ポケットと称される。そして、最も高い主軸回転速度は、振動系の固有振動数を工具の刃数で除した回転速度で1次安定ポケットと称され、この主軸回転速度を順次大きい整数(2,3・・・)で除した主軸回転速度に対応する安定ポケットは、2次安定ポケット、3次安定ポケット・・・と称される。そして、安定限界線図は、安定ポケットが高次になるほどその幅が狭まるという特徴を有する。   In the stability limit diagram, there are a plurality of spindle rotation speeds where the limit cutting depth of the tool shows a peak (maximum value), and the chevron that shows each peak is called a stability pocket. The highest spindle rotational speed is called a primary stable pocket by a rotational speed obtained by dividing the natural frequency of the vibration system by the number of blades of the tool, and this spindle rotational speed is sequentially increased by a large integer (2, 3,...). The stable pockets corresponding to the spindle rotational speed divided by are referred to as secondary stable pockets, tertiary stable pockets. The stability limit diagram has a feature that the width of the stability pocket becomes narrower as the stability pocket becomes higher.

上記数式1によって算出される整数kは安定ポケットの次数に当たるものであり、この次数kを対応する安定ポケットの付近に表示することで、オペレータは、安定限界線図で示される各安定ポケットの次数を容易に理解することができる。   The integer k calculated by the above equation 1 corresponds to the order of the stable pocket. By displaying this order k in the vicinity of the corresponding stable pocket, the operator can determine the order of each stable pocket shown in the stability limit diagram. Can be easily understood.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、振動系全体に係る固有振動数を算出し、算出した振動系全体に係る固有振動数を用いて安定限界線図を作成するようにしているので、工具のみの固有振動数を基に安定限界線図を作成する従来に比べて、実際の加工に即したより現実的な安定限界線図を作成することができ、また、このような実加工に即した安定限界線図を用いることで、再生びびりの生じない効率の良い加工条件を、実加工に即した適正なものに設定することがでる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the natural frequency related to the entire vibration system is calculated, and the stability limit diagram is created using the calculated natural frequency related to the entire vibration system. Compared to the conventional method of creating a stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency of the tool alone, it is possible to create a more realistic stability limit diagram that matches actual machining. By using an appropriate stability limit diagram, it is possible to set an efficient machining condition that does not cause regenerative chatter to an appropriate one that matches the actual machining.

本発明の一実施形態に係る安定限界線図作成装置が適用される工作機械の概略構成を示した斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a machine tool to which a stability limit diagram creating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 本実施形態に係る安定限界線図作成装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the stability limit diagram creation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. 2自由度系の切削モデルを示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the cutting model of 2 degree-of-freedom system. 本実施形態で作成され、表示される安定限界線図の一例を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed an example of the stability limit diagram produced and displayed by this embodiment.

以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る安定限界線図作成装置について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, a stability limit diagram creating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A.工作機械
まず、本例の安定限界線図作成装置が適用される工作機械の概略について説明する。図1に示すように、本例の工作機械20は、ベッド21と、このベッド21上に立設されたコラム22と、このコラム22の前面(加工領域側の面)に矢示Z軸方向に移動自在に設けられた主軸頭23と、軸中心に回転自在に主軸頭23に保持された主軸24と、主軸頭23より下方のベッド21上に矢示Y軸方向に移動自在に設けられたサドル25と、サドル25上に矢示X軸方向に移動自在に配設されたテーブル26と、このテーブル26をX軸方向に移動させるX軸送り機構29と、サドル25をY軸方向に移動させるY軸送り機構28と、主軸頭23をZ軸方向に移動させるZ軸送り機構27と、主軸24を回転させる主軸モータ(図示せず)とを備えている。
A. Machine Tool First, an outline of a machine tool to which the stability limit diagram creating apparatus of this example is applied will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 20 of this example includes a bed 21, a column 22 erected on the bed 21, and an arrow Z-axis direction on the front surface (surface on the processing region side) of the column 22. A spindle head 23 movably provided on the head, a spindle 24 held by the spindle head 23 so as to be rotatable about the axis, and a bed 21 below the spindle head 23 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction. A saddle 25, a table 26 disposed on the saddle 25 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction, an X-axis feed mechanism 29 for moving the table 26 in the X-axis direction, and the saddle 25 in the Y-axis direction. A Y-axis feed mechanism 28 for moving, a Z-axis feed mechanism 27 for moving the spindle head 23 in the Z-axis direction, and a spindle motor (not shown) for rotating the spindle 24 are provided.

前記X軸送り機構29、Y軸送り機構28、Z軸送り機構27及び主軸モータ(図示せず)等は、図示しない制御装置によりその作動が制御される。具体的には、前記制御装置(図示せず)に格納されたNCプログラムが適宜実行され、このNCプログラムに従った制御の下で前記X軸送り機構29、Y軸送り機構28、Z軸送り機構27及び主軸モータ(図示せず)が駆動されて、主軸24がその軸中心に回転するとともに、当該主軸24とテーブル26とが3次元空間内で相対的に移動することで、テーブル26上に、ワーク固定治具WJによって固定されたワークWが、主軸24に装着された工具TLによって加工される。尚、工具TLは工具ホルダTHにより保持された状態で主軸24に装着されており、図1には、工具TLの一例としてエンドミルを図示している。   The operations of the X-axis feed mechanism 29, the Y-axis feed mechanism 28, the Z-axis feed mechanism 27, the spindle motor (not shown), and the like are controlled by a control device (not shown). Specifically, an NC program stored in the control device (not shown) is appropriately executed, and the X-axis feed mechanism 29, the Y-axis feed mechanism 28, and the Z-axis feed are controlled under control according to the NC program. A mechanism 27 and a spindle motor (not shown) are driven so that the spindle 24 rotates about its axis, and the spindle 24 and the table 26 move relative to each other in the three-dimensional space. In addition, the workpiece W fixed by the workpiece fixing jig WJ is processed by the tool TL mounted on the spindle 24. The tool TL is attached to the main shaft 24 while being held by the tool holder TH, and FIG. 1 shows an end mill as an example of the tool TL.

B.安定限界線図作成装置
次に、本例の安定限界線図作成装置について説明する。図2に示すように、本例の安定限界線図作成装置1は、前記工作機械20の主軸頭23に取り付けられた加速度センサ2の他、びびり検出部3、データ記憶部4、算出部5、線図作成部6及び表示装置7から構成される。
B. Next, the stability limit diagram creation device of this example will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the stability limit diagram creation device 1 of the present example includes a chatter detection unit 3, a data storage unit 4, and a calculation unit 5 in addition to the acceleration sensor 2 attached to the spindle head 23 of the machine tool 20. , And comprises a diagram creation unit 6 and a display device 7.

尚、この安定限界線図作成装置1は、加速度センサ2を除いて、CPU,ROM,RAMの他、キーボード等の入力ディバイスやディスプレイなどを備えた一般的なコンピュータから構成することができ、また、工作機械20に設けられる制御装置に組み込むことができる。制御装置に組み込む場合、前記表示装置7は操作盤のタッチパネルで構成することができる。また、前記びびり検出部3、算出部5及び線図作成部6は、それぞれ適宜ソフトウエアによってその機能が実現され、前記データ記憶部4はRAMなどの適宜記憶媒体によって構成される。   The stability limit diagram creating apparatus 1 can be composed of a general computer provided with an input device such as a keyboard and a display in addition to the CPU, ROM, and RAM, except for the acceleration sensor 2. It can be incorporated in a control device provided in the machine tool 20. When incorporated in a control device, the display device 7 can be constituted by a touch panel of an operation panel. The function of the chatter detection unit 3, the calculation unit 5, and the diagram creation unit 6 is appropriately realized by software, and the data storage unit 4 is configured by an appropriate storage medium such as a RAM.

前記加速度センサ2は、前記工具TLによってワークWを加工しているときに、工具TL、該工具TLを保持する工具ホルダTH、ワーク固定用治具WJ及び工作機械20によって構成される振動系の振動を検出して、当該振動に応じた信号を前記びびり検出部11に出力する。この加速度センサ2による振動の検出は、加工が行なわれている間、常に実行される。   The acceleration sensor 2 is a vibration system composed of a tool TL, a tool holder TH that holds the tool TL, a workpiece fixing jig WJ, and a machine tool 20 when the workpiece W is processed by the tool TL. Vibration is detected, and a signal corresponding to the vibration is output to the chatter detection unit 11. The detection of vibration by the acceleration sensor 2 is always executed while the machining is being performed.

前記びびり検出部3は、前記加速度センサ2から出力される振動に係る信号を受信し、受信した信号をフーリエ解析(周波数解析)により解析して、工具TLに生じている振動の周波数とその大きさを算出する。そして、得られた振動の大きさが所定の閾値を超えたとき、そのときの振動周波数を測定再生びびり周波数として、前記工作機械20から取得される主軸24の回転速度(主軸回転速度)と関連付けて、前記データ記憶部4に格納する処理を行う。   The chatter detection unit 3 receives a signal related to vibration output from the acceleration sensor 2, analyzes the received signal by Fourier analysis (frequency analysis), and the frequency and magnitude of vibration generated in the tool TL. Is calculated. Then, when the magnitude of the obtained vibration exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the vibration frequency at that time is used as a measurement / playback chatter frequency, and is associated with the rotational speed (spindle rotational speed) of the main spindle 24 acquired from the machine tool 20. Then, the process of storing in the data storage unit 4 is performed.

尚、主軸回転速度は工作機械20の主軸モータ(図示せず)に設けられたロータリエンコーダ(図示せず)から取得することができ、或いは、工作機械20の制御信号から取得することができる。また、前記データ記憶部4には、びびり検出部3によって再生びびりが検出されるたびに、そのときの測定再生びびり周波数と主軸回転速度とが関連付けられて格納される。   The spindle rotation speed can be obtained from a rotary encoder (not shown) provided in a spindle motor (not shown) of the machine tool 20 or can be obtained from a control signal of the machine tool 20. Further, each time the chatter detecting unit 3 detects the playback chatter, the data storage unit 4 stores the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation speed in association with each other.

前記算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に格納された測定再生びびり周波数及び主軸回転速度に係るデータを基に、前記振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比を同定する。   The calculation unit 5 identifies the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system based on the data related to the measurement / playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation speed stored in the data storage unit 4.

この固有振動数及び減衰比の同定に係る説明の前に、まず、再生びびりに係る基本的な理論について説明する。   Before explaining the identification of the natural frequency and damping ratio, first, the basic theory relating to regenerative chatter will be explained.

図3に示した物理モデルは、上述した工作機械20のように、工具TLとワークWとをX軸とY軸の2つの送り軸方向に相対移動させて加工する2自由度系の物理モデルである。この物理モデルに基づいて、再生びびり振動が発生する条件をY・Altintasが考案した解析方法により求める。   The physical model shown in FIG. 3 is a two-degree-of-freedom physical model in which the tool TL and the workpiece W are moved relative to each other in the two feed axis directions of the X axis and the Y axis as in the machine tool 20 described above. It is. Based on this physical model, the conditions under which regenerative chatter vibration occurs are determined by an analysis method devised by Y. Altintas.

この物理モデルにおいて、前記振動系の運動方程式は下記の2式で表わされる。
x"+2ζxωxx'+ωx 2x=Fx/mx
y"+2ζyωyy'+ωy 2y=Fy/my
但し、ωxは前記振動系のX軸方向の固有振動数[rad/sec]、ωyは前記振動系のY軸方向の固有振動数[rad/sec]であり、ζxは前記振動系のX軸方向の減衰比[%]、ζyは前記振動系のY軸方向の減衰比[%]である。また、mxは前記振動系のX軸方向の等価質量[kg]、myは前記振動系のY軸方向の等価質量[kg]であり、Fxは工具TLに作用するX軸方向の切削動力[N]であり、Fyは工具TLに作用するY軸方向の切削動力[N]である。また、x"及びy"はそれぞれ時間の2階微分を示し、x'及びy'はそれぞれ時間の1階微分を示す。
In this physical model, the equation of motion of the vibration system is expressed by the following two equations.
x "+ 2ζ x ω x x '+ ω x 2 x = F x / m x
y "+ 2ζ y ω y y '+ ω y 2 y = F y / m y
Where ω x is the natural frequency [rad / sec] in the X-axis direction of the vibration system, ω y is the natural frequency [rad / sec] in the Y-axis direction of the vibration system, and ζ x is the vibration system Is the damping ratio [%] in the X-axis direction, and ζ y is the damping ratio [%] in the Y-axis direction of the vibration system. Further, m x is equivalent mass of the X-axis direction of the vibration system [kg], m y is the equivalent mass of the Y-axis direction of the vibration system [kg], F x is the X-axis direction acting on the tool TL The cutting power [N], and F y is the cutting power [N] in the Y-axis direction acting on the tool TL. Also, x ″ and y ″ represent the second derivative of time, and x ′ and y ′ represent the first derivative of time, respectively.

上記切削動力Fxと切削動力Fyとは、以下の数式2で表され、当該数式2におけるaxxと、axyと、ayxと、ayyとは以下の数式3乃至6で表される。なお、aは切込深さであり、Kは主分力の比切削抵抗、Kは主分力と背分力との比率、φstは切込開始角、φexは切込終了角である。
The above-mentioned cutting power F x and cutting power F y, it is expressed by the following Equation 2, and a xx of the equation 2, and a xy, and a yx, and a yy expressed in Equation 3-6 below The Here, ap is the depth of cut, K t is the specific cutting force of the main component force, K r is the ratio of the main component force to the back component force, φ st is the cut start angle, and φ ex is the cut depth. End angle.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

また、上記運動方程式の固有値Λは以下の数式7で表される。尚、数式7におけるaとaとは以下の数式8,9で表される。 The eigenvalue Λ of the equation of motion is expressed by the following formula 7. Note that a 0 and a 1 in Expression 7 are expressed by Expressions 8 and 9 below.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ここで、Gxx(iω)はX軸方向の伝達関数、Gyy(iω)はY軸方向の伝達関数である。また、固有値Λは実部及び虚部を有し、Λ=Λ+iΛで表される。この固有値Λは以下の数式10で表される関係を充足する必要がある。 Here, G xx (iω) is a transfer function in the X-axis direction, and G yy (iω) is a transfer function in the Y-axis direction. The eigenvalue Λ has a real part and an imaginary part, and is represented by Λ = Λ R + iΛ I. This eigenvalue Λ needs to satisfy the relationship expressed by the following Equation 10.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ここに、ωは再生びびり周波数であり、Tは下記数式11で表される切刃通過周波数である。尚、数式11におけるNは刃数であり、Sは主軸回転速度である。 Here, ω c is the regenerative chatter frequency, and T is the cutting edge passing frequency represented by the following formula 11. In Equation 11, N is the number of blades, and S is the spindle rotation speed.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ここで、簡略化のために、伝達関数Gxx(iω)及び伝達関数Gyy(iω)が同一であると考えると、伝達関数Gxx(iω),Gyy(iω)は以下の数式12で表される。 Here, for simplification, when it is considered that the transfer function G xx (iω) and the transfer function G yy (iω) are the same, the transfer functions G xx (iω) and G yy (iω) are expressed by the following Equation 12. It is represented by

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、上記数式12を前記数式7,8,9に代入することで、以下の数式13,14,15が得られる。   Then, the following formulas 13, 14, and 15 are obtained by substituting the formula 12 into the formulas 7, 8, and 9.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ここで、A及びBは共に実数であるため、上記数式15におけるルート中の値の正負によって、以下の2通りの算出式が成立する。   Here, since A and B are both real numbers, the following two calculation formulas are established depending on whether the value in the route in Formula 15 is positive or negative.

即ち、B−4A>0のときは、以下の数式16が成立する。 That is, when B 2 -4A> 0, the following Expression 16 is established.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、前記数式10及び数式16から、再生びびり周波数ω、切刃通過周波数T、固有振動数ω、及び減衰比ζの関係を示す以下の数式17が成立する。 From Equation 10 and Equation 16, the following Equation 17 representing the relationship among the regenerative chatter frequency ω c , the cutting blade passage frequency T, the natural frequency ω n , and the damping ratio ζ is established.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、この数式17を整理して以下の数式18が得られる。   Then, the following formula 18 is obtained by organizing the formula 17.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

一方、B−4A<0のときは、以下の数式19が成立する。 On the other hand, when B 2 -4A <0, the following Expression 19 is established.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、前記数式10及び数式19から、再生びびり周波数ω、切刃通過周波数T、固有振動数ω、及び減衰比ζの関係を示す以下の数式20が成立する。 From Equation 10 and Equation 19, the following Equation 20 representing the relationship between the regenerative chatter frequency ω c , the cutting blade passage frequency T, the natural frequency ω n , and the damping ratio ζ is established.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、この数式20を整理して以下の数式21が得られる。   Then, the following formula 21 is obtained by organizing the formula 20.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

以上から、算出部5は、上記数式18又は数式21にしたがって、データ記憶部4に格納された測定再生びびり周波数ω及びそのときの主軸回転速度Sを基に、前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定する。以下、前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定する4つ態様、即ち、第1の態様、第2の態様、第3の態様及び第4の態様について説明する。 From the above, the calculation unit 5 calculates the natural frequency of the vibration system based on the measured playback chatter frequency ω c and the main shaft rotation speed S stored in the data storage unit 4 according to the above formula 18 or formula 21. Identify ω n and damping ratio ζ. Hereinafter, four modes for identifying the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system, that is, the first mode, the second mode, the third mode, and the fourth mode will be described.

[第1の態様]
算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に少なくとも1組の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、その測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データ、並びに工具TLの刃数Nに基づき、上記数式18又は数式21にしたがって、前記振動系の減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定する。
[First embodiment]
When the data storage unit 4 stores at least one set of measurement / replay chatter frequency ω c and spindle rotation speed S relationship data, the calculation unit 5 has a relationship between the measurement / play chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotation speed S. Based on the data and the number N of blades of the tool TL, the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n of the vibration system are identified according to the above formula 18 or formula 21.

尚、算出に用いられる数式は、数式18又は数式21で一つの式であるが、未知数は減衰比ζと固有振動数ωの2つであるため、このままでは未知数を算出することができない。そこで、例えば、減衰比ζを経験値から推定して、残りの未知数である固有振動数ωを算出する。減衰比ζの推定は、例えば振動系をハンマ等を用いて振動させ、その減衰の状態を実際に測定することで、例えば、下式によって算出することができる。
ζ=D/(2×27.3f
但し、Dは1秒当たりの減衰量(dB/sec)、fはピークの振動周波数である。
Note that the mathematical formula used for the calculation is one formula of the mathematical formula 18 or the mathematical formula 21, but since the unknown number is two of the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n , the unknown number cannot be calculated as it is. Therefore, for example, the damping ratio ζ is estimated from empirical values, and the natural frequency ω n that is the remaining unknown is calculated. The estimation of the damping ratio ζ can be calculated by, for example, the following equation by vibrating the vibration system using a hammer or the like and actually measuring the attenuation state.
ζ = D / (2 × 27.3 f 0 )
Where D is the amount of attenuation per second (dB / sec), and f 0 is the peak vibration frequency.

尚、前記データ記憶部4に複数組の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、算出部5は、以下の第2の態様〜第4の態様のいずれかの態様によって、減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定するのが好ましい。 Incidentally, when the relationship data of the data in the storage unit 4 a plurality of sets of measurements regenerative chatter frequency omega c and the main shaft rotational speed S is stored, the calculation unit 5, any of the following second to fourth aspects It is preferable to identify the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n by such an aspect.

[第2の態様]
算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に少なくとも2組の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、その測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データ、並びに工具TLの刃数Nに基づき、上記数式18又は数式21にしたがって、前記振動系の減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定する。
[Second embodiment]
When at least two sets of measurement / replay chatter frequency ω c and spindle rotation speed S are stored in the data storage unit 4, the calculation unit 5 has a relationship between the measurement / play chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotation speed S. Based on the data and the number N of blades of the tool TL, the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n of the vibration system are identified according to the above formula 18 or formula 21.

データ記憶部4に2組の測定再生びびり周波数及び主軸回転速度の関係データが格納されている場合、数式18又は数式21にしたがって、前記振動系の減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを未知数とする2の方程式が得られる。したがって、この2つの方程式を連立方程式として解くことによって、未知数である減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定することができる。 When two sets of measurement / replay chatter frequency and spindle rotational speed relationship data are stored in the data storage unit 4, the vibration system damping ratio ζ and natural frequency ω n are set as unknowns according to Equation 18 or Equation 21. The following two equations are obtained. Therefore, by solving these two equations as simultaneous equations, the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n which are unknowns can be identified.

尚、前記データ記憶部4に3組以上の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、算出部5は、以下の第3の態様又は第4の態様によって、減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定するのが好ましい。 Incidentally, when the relationship data of the data storage unit 4 into three or more sets of measurements regenerative chatter frequency omega c and the main shaft rotational speed S is stored, the calculation unit 5, the following third aspect or the fourth aspect The damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n are preferably identified.

[第3の態様]
算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に2組以上の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、以下のようにして、前記振動系の減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定することができる。
[Third Aspect]
When two or more sets of measurement / playback chatter frequency ω c and spindle rotation speed S are stored in the data storage unit 4, the calculation unit 5 performs the vibration system damping ratio ζ and The natural frequency ω n can be identified.

即ち、算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に格納されたp番目の主軸回転速度S、及び工具TLの刃数Nに基づき、上記数式18又は数式21にしたがって、前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζをそれぞれ任意の値に設定して、設定したm番目の固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζの組み合わせであるときの、各主軸回転速度Sのときの理論上の再生びびり周波数ω'cp,mをそれぞれ算出する。但し、pは1以上の整数であり、データ記憶部4に格納された関係データ、即ち、測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sを対とするその組数qを最大値とする。また、mは1以上の整数であって、任意に設定される固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを対とするその組数を最大値とする。 That is, the calculation unit 5 is based on the p-th spindle rotation speed S p stored in the data storage unit 4 and the number N of blades of the tool TL, and the natural vibration of the vibration system according to the above formula 18 or 21. set several omega n and damping ratio zeta to arbitrary values, respectively, when a combination of the set m-th natural frequency omega nm and damping ratio zeta m, the theoretical time of the spindle rotational speed S p The playback chatter frequency ω ′ cp, m is calculated. Here, p is an integer of 1 or more, the relationship data stored in the data storage unit 4, i.e., a maximum value of the set number of q to be measured regenerative chatter frequency omega c and the main shaft rotational speed S of the pair. Further, m is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and the number of pairs of arbitrarily set natural frequency ω n and damping ratio ζ is a maximum value.

尚、減衰比ζは経験上想定し得る範囲内で設定し、本例では、0.01≦ζ≦0.08の範囲で、0.001刻みに設定した。また、固有振動数ωの設定範囲は、各主軸回転速度Sに対して、以下の数式22で決定される範囲内で、1Hz刻みに設定した。したがって、設定される減衰比ζと固有振動数ωとの組み合わせは、それぞれが採り得る範囲内での全ての組み合わせであり、その組み合わせ個数は、(減衰比ζの設定個数)×(固有振動数ωの設定個数)となる。 The damping ratio ζ is set within a range that can be assumed from experience, and in this example, it is set in increments of 0.001 within a range of 0.01 ≦ ζ ≦ 0.08. The setting range of the natural frequency omega n, for each spindle rotational speed S p, to the extent determined by the following equation 22 was set to increments of 1 Hz. Therefore, the combinations of the set damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n are all combinations within the possible range, and the number of combinations is (the set number of the damping ratio ζ) × (the natural vibration). Set number of number ω).

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

但し、kは、詳しくは後述する安定限界線図における安定ポケットの次数を意味し、下記数式23によって算出される。尚、数式23におけるωcpは、主軸回転速度Sのときの測定再生びびり周波数である。 However, k means the order of the stability pocket in the stability limit diagram described later in detail, and is calculated by the following Equation 23. Incidentally, omega cp in Equation 23 is determined regenerative chatter frequency when the spindle rotational speed S p.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

そして、算出部5は、前記固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζの各設定値ごとに、測定再生びびり周波数ωcpと理論再生びびり周波数ω'cp,mとの差分の2乗和Jを下式数式24によって算出する。 Then, the calculation unit 5 calculates, for each set value of the natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m , the square sum J m of the difference between the measured playback chatter frequency ω cp and the theoretical playback chatter frequency ω ′ cp, m. Is calculated by the following formula 24.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ついで、算出部5は、得られた2乗和Jが最小値となる固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定する。 Next, the calculation unit 5 identifies the natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m at which the obtained square sum J m is the minimum value as the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system.

[第4の態様]
算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に2組以上の測定再生びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sの関係データが格納されている場合、以下の態様によって、前記振動系の減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωを同定することができる。
[Fourth aspect]
When two or more sets of measurement / playback chatter frequency ω c and spindle rotation speed S are stored in the data storage unit 4, the calculation unit 5 is configured to reduce the vibration system damping ratio ζ and the inherent characteristic in the following manner. The frequency ω n can be identified.

即ち、算出部5は、前記データ記憶部4に格納されたp番目の測定再生びびり周波数ωcp、及び工具TLの刃数Nに基づき、上記数式18又は数式21にしたがって、前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζをそれぞれ任意の値に設定して、設定したm番目の固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζの組み合わせであるときの、各測定再生びびり周波数ωcpのときの理論上の主軸回転速度S'p,mをそれぞれ算出する。但し、pは1以上の整数であり、データ記憶部4に格納された関係データ、即ち、測定再生びびり周波数ωc及び主軸回転速度Sを対とするその組数qを最大値とする。また、mは1以上の整数であって、任意に設定される固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを対とするその組数を最大値とする。尚、本例では、減衰比ζと固有振動数ωとの組み合わせは、上述した第3の態様と同様とする。 That is, the calculation unit 5 determines the characteristic of the vibration system according to the above formula 18 or 21 based on the p-th measurement reproduction chatter frequency ω cp stored in the data storage unit 4 and the number N of blades of the tool TL. The frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ are set to arbitrary values, respectively, and the combination of the set m-th natural frequency ω nm and damping ratio ζ m is obtained at each measurement reproduction chatter frequency ω cp . The theoretical spindle speed S ′ p, m is calculated. However, p is an integer of 1 or more, and the relational data stored in the data storage unit 4, that is, the number q of pairs of the measured reproduction chatter frequency ωc and the spindle rotational speed S is the maximum value. Further, m is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and the number of pairs of arbitrarily set natural frequency ω n and damping ratio ζ is a maximum value. In this example, the combination of the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω is the same as in the third aspect described above.

そして、算出部5は、前記固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζの各設定値ごとに、前記データ記憶部4に格納された実際の主軸回転速度Sと理論主軸回転速度S'p,mとの差分の2乗和J'を下式数式25によって算出する。 The calculation unit 5 then calculates the actual spindle rotation speed S p and the theoretical spindle rotation speed S ′ p, stored in the data storage unit 4 for each set value of the natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m . The square sum J ′ m of the difference from m is calculated by the following formula 25.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

ついで、算出部5は、得られた2乗和J'が最小値となる固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定する。 Next, the calculation unit 5 identifies the natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m at which the obtained square sum J ′ m is the minimum value as the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system.

前記線図作成部6は、上記のようにして前記算出部5により同定された前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを用いて、以下の数式26により、再生びびりを生じる境界となる限界(最大)切り込み深さaplimであって、主軸回転速度に応じた限界切り込み深さaplimを算出して安定限界線図を作成する。 The diagram creation unit 6 uses the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system identified by the calculation unit 5 as described above to obtain a boundary that causes regenerative chatter according to Equation 26 below. becomes a limit (maximum) depth of cut a plim, calculates the limit depth of cut a plim corresponding to spindle rotational speed to create a stability limit diagram.

Figure 2018126837
Figure 2018126837

尚、数式26は、上述した数式10をそれぞれの再生びびり周波数について解いて、対応する振動系の固有振動数ω及び限界切り込み深さaplimを算出することにより得られる。 Equation 26 is obtained by solving Equation 10 described above for each playback chatter frequency and calculating the natural frequency ω n and the limit cut depth a prim of the corresponding vibration system.

上述した安定限界線図は、再生びびりを生じる不安定領域と再生びびりを生じない安定領域との境界を示す線図であって、主軸回転速度Sと工具の限界切り込み深さaplimとの相関を示す線図であり、例えば、図4に示すような線図として表される。同図4に示すように、工具の限界切り込み深さがピーク(極大値)を示す主軸転速度が複数存在し、各ピークを示す山形部は安定ポケットと称される。そして、最も高い主軸回転速度は、振動系の固有振動数ωを工具の刃数で除した回転速度で1次安定ポケットと称し、この主軸回転速度を順次大きい整数(2,3・・・)で除した主軸回転速度に対応する安定ポケットを、2次安定ポケット、3次安定ポケット・・・と称する。安定限界線図は、安定ポケットが高次になるほどその幅が狭まるという特徴を有する。 The above-mentioned stability limit diagram is a diagram showing a boundary between an unstable region where regenerative chatter occurs and a stable region where regenerative chatter does not occur, and the correlation between the spindle rotational speed S and the limit cutting depth a prim of the tool. For example, it is expressed as a diagram as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, there are a plurality of spindle rotation speeds at which the limit cutting depth of the tool shows a peak (maximum value), and the chevron that shows each peak is called a stable pocket. The highest spindle rotational speed is called a primary stable pocket, which is a rotational speed obtained by dividing the natural frequency ω n of the vibration system by the number of blades of the tool, and this spindle rotational speed is sequentially increased to a large integer (2, 3,... The stable pockets corresponding to the spindle rotational speed divided by () are called secondary stable pockets, tertiary stable pockets. The stability limit diagram has a feature that the width of the stability pocket becomes narrower as the order becomes higher.

そして、前記線図作成部6は、作成した安定限界線図の各安定ポケット付近において、各安定ポケットの頂点に対応した主軸回転速度をS(min−1)、算出された前記固有振動数をω(Hz)、前記工具の刃数をNとして下式数式27によって整数kを算出するとともに、算出した整数kの値を対応する安定ポケット付近に配置した安定限界線図を作成するように構成される(図4参照)。

Figure 2018126837
但し、[]はガウス記号である。 Then, the diagram creation unit 6 sets S (min −1 ) as the spindle rotation speed corresponding to the top of each stable pocket in the vicinity of each stability pocket of the created stability limit diagram, and calculates the calculated natural frequency. An integer k is calculated by the following formula 27, where ω n (Hz) and the number of blades of the tool is N, and a stability limit diagram is created in which the calculated value of the integer k is arranged in the vicinity of the corresponding stable pocket. It is configured (see FIG. 4).
Figure 2018126837
However, [] is a Gaussian symbol.

また、前記表示装置7は、適宜ディスプレイを備えており、前記線図作成部6から送信された安定限界線図に係る画像を前記ディスプレイ上に表示する。   The display device 7 includes a display as appropriate, and displays an image related to the stability limit diagram transmitted from the diagram creation unit 6 on the display.

以上のように構成された本例の安定限界線図作成装置1によれば、前記工作機械20によってワークWが加工されると、その間に、工具TL、該工具TLを保持する工具ホルダTH、ワーク固定用治具WJ及び工作機械20によって構成される振動系の振動が加速度センサ2によって検出されるとともに、検出された振動に係る信号がびびり検出部3によって解析され、再生びびりが生じたときには、そのときの振動周波数が測定再生びびり周波数として、前記工作機械20から取得される主軸回転速度に関連付けられて、前記データ記憶部4に格納される。   According to the stability limit diagram creating apparatus 1 of the present example configured as described above, when the workpiece W is machined by the machine tool 20, a tool TL and a tool holder TH that holds the tool TL are interposed therebetween. When the vibration of the vibration system constituted by the workpiece fixing jig WJ and the machine tool 20 is detected by the acceleration sensor 2, a signal related to the detected vibration is analyzed by the chatter detection unit 3, and when regenerative chatter occurs. The vibration frequency at that time is stored in the data storage unit 4 in association with the spindle rotational speed acquired from the machine tool 20 as the measured playback chatter frequency.

そして、前記算出部5は、例えば、外部からの処理開始信号を受信して処理を開始し、前記データ記憶部4に格納された測定びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sに係るデータを確認して、測定びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sに係るデータが1組のみ格納されている場合には、上述した第1の態様により前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定し、測定びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sに係るデータが2組格納されている場合には、上述した第2の態様、第3の態様又は第4の態様のいずれかによって前記固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定し、測定びびり周波数ω及び主軸回転速度Sに係るデータが3組以上格納されている場合には、上述した第3の態様又は第4の態様によって前記固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定する。 Then, for example, the calculation unit 5 receives a processing start signal from the outside and starts processing, and confirms data related to the measurement chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotation speed S stored in the data storage unit 4. When only one set of data relating to the measured chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotational speed S is stored, the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system are identified by the first aspect described above. When two sets of data relating to the measured chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotational speed S are stored, the natural frequency ω is determined according to any of the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect described above. n and the damping ratio ζ are identified, and when three or more sets of data relating to the measured chatter frequency ω c and the spindle rotational speed S are stored, the natural frequency is determined according to the third aspect or the fourth aspect described above. ω n and identify ζ damping ratio That.

そして、算出部5によって前記振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζが同定されると、同定された固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを基に、線図作成部6によって、再生びびりを生じる境界となる限界切り込み深さaplimであって、主軸回転速度Sに応じた限界切り込み深さaplimを示す安定限界線図が作成されるとともに、その各安定ポケット付近に、当該安定ポケットの次数を示す整数kの値を配置した安定限界線図が作成される。そして、線図作成部6によって作成された安定限界線図が前記表示装置7に表示される。 When the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system are identified by the calculation unit 5, the reproduction chatter is performed by the diagram creating unit 6 based on the identified natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ. a limit depth of cut a plim of the resulting boundary, along with the stability limit diagram indicates the limit depth of cut a plim corresponding to spindle rotational speed S is created, in the vicinity of each of its stable pockets, which stabilizing pockets A stability limit diagram in which the value of the integer k indicating the order of is arranged is created. Then, the stability limit diagram created by the diagram creation unit 6 is displayed on the display device 7.

斯くして、この安定限界線図作成装置1によれば、工具TL、該工具TLを保持する工具ホルダTH、ワーク固定用治具WJ及び工作機械20によって構成される振動系全体に係る固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζを同定して安定限界線図を作成するようにしているので、工具のみの固有振動数を基に安定限界線図を作成する従来に比べて、実際の加工に即したより現実的な安定限界線図を作成することができる。 Thus, according to the stability limit diagram creating apparatus 1, the natural vibration related to the entire vibration system including the tool TL, the tool holder TH that holds the tool TL, the workpiece fixing jig WJ, and the machine tool 20. Since the stability limit diagram is created by identifying the number ω n and the damping ratio ζ, compared to the conventional method of creating the stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency of the tool alone, A more realistic stability limit diagram can be created.

そして、得られた安定限界線図を表示装置7に表示するようにしているので、オペレータは、このような実加工に即した安定限界線図を確認することで、再生びびりが生じない効率の良い、実加工に即した適正な加工条件を瞬時に理解することができる。   Since the obtained stability limit diagram is displayed on the display device 7, the operator confirms the stability limit diagram in accordance with such actual machining, so that the regenerative chatter does not occur. It is possible to instantly understand good and appropriate machining conditions in line with actual machining.

また、各安定ポケットに対応した次数kの値を対応する安定ポケットの付近に表示するようにしているので、オペレータは、各安定ポケットの次数を容易に理解することができる。   Further, since the value of the order k corresponding to each stable pocket is displayed in the vicinity of the corresponding stable pocket, the operator can easily understand the order of each stable pocket.

以上、本発明の実施形態に係る安定限界線図作成装置1について説明したが、本発明の採り得る態様は、何ら上例のものに限定されるものではない。   As described above, the stability limit diagram creating apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the modes that the present invention can take are not limited to the above examples.

例えば、上述した第3の態様では、測定再生びびり周波数ωcpと理論再生びびり周波数ω'cp,mとの差分の2乗和Jを算出し、得られた2乗和Jが最小値となる固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定するようにしたが、これに限られるものではなく、この他、差の絶対値を積算する、差の4乗和を取る、或いは差の6乗和を取るなど、差を正の数として積算した値が最小値を示す固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定するようにしても良い。 For example, in the third aspect described above, the sum of squares J m of the difference between the measured playback chatter frequency ω cp and the theoretical playback chatter frequency ω ′ cp, m is calculated, and the obtained square sum J m is the minimum value. The natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m are identified as the natural frequency ω n and the damping ratio ζ of the vibration system. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in addition, the absolute value of the difference is integrated. The natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m in which the value obtained by integrating the difference as a positive number shows the minimum value, such as taking the fourth power of the difference or taking the sixth power of the difference, are expressed as the natural vibration of the vibration system. The number ω n and the damping ratio ζ may be identified.

同様に、上述した第4の態様では、実際の主軸回転速度Sと理論主軸回転速度S'p,mとの差分の2乗和J'を算出し、得られた2乗和J'が最小値となる固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定するようにしたが、これに限られるものではなく、差の絶対値を積算する、差の4乗和を取る、或いは差の6乗和を取るなど、差を正の数として積算した値が最小値を示す固有振動数ωnm及び減衰比ζを振動系の固有振動数ω及び減衰比ζとして同定するようにしても良い。 Similarly, in the above-described fourth aspect, the sum of squares J ′ m of the difference between the actual main shaft rotational speed S p and the theoretical main shaft rotational speed S ′ p, m is calculated, and the obtained square sum J ′ is obtained. m but has a natural frequency omega nm and damping ratio zeta m to a minimum value so as to identify the zeta natural frequency omega n and damping ratio of the vibration system is not limited to this, the absolute value of the difference The natural frequency ω nm and the damping ratio ζ m that indicate the minimum values are obtained by integrating the difference, taking the fourth power of the difference, or taking the sixth power of the difference. You may make it identify as frequency (omega) n and damping ratio (zeta).

また、前記第3の態様及び第4の態様において、任意に設定される減衰比ζ及び固有振動数ωの設定範囲は、上例のものに限られるものでは無く、適宜妥当な範囲に設定することができ、また、その設定間隔も適宜他の間隔を採用することができる。 In addition, in the third and fourth aspects, the setting ranges of the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω n that are arbitrarily set are not limited to those in the above example, but are set to appropriate ranges as appropriate. In addition, other intervals can be appropriately adopted as the set interval.

また、上例では、加速度センサ2によって振動系の振動を検出するようにしたが、振動を検出する手段はこれに限られるものではなく、マイクロフォンなど他の検出装置を適用することができる。   In the above example, the acceleration sensor 2 detects the vibration of the vibration system, but the means for detecting the vibration is not limited to this, and other detection devices such as a microphone can be applied.

また、工作機械20の構成や使用する工具TLについても、何ら上例のものに限定されるものではない。   Further, the configuration of the machine tool 20 and the tool TL to be used are not limited to the above examples.

1 安定限界線図作成装置
2 加速度センサ
3 びびり検出部
4 データ記憶部
5 算出部
6 線図作成部
7 表示装置
20 工作機械
24 主軸
25 テーブル
TH 工具ホルダ
TL 工具
WJ ワーク固定治具
W ワーク
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stability limit diagram creation apparatus 2 Acceleration sensor 3 Chatter detection part 4 Data storage part 5 Calculation part 6 Diagram creation part 7 Display apparatus 20 Machine tool 24 Spindle 25 Table TH Tool holder TL Tool WJ Work fixing jig W Workpiece

Claims (7)

少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成装置であって、
前記再生びびりの周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係を記憶するデータ記憶部と、
前記工具が装着される付近に配置され、該工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出する振動検出部と、
前記振動検出部によって検出された振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、該再生びびりの周波数を測定再生びびり周波数として、該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて前記データ記憶部に格納するびびり検出部と、
前記工具、前記工具ホルダ、前記ワーク固定治具及び前記工作機械の組み合わせに基づいて任意に設定した前記振動系の減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記振動系の固有振動数を算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された固有振動数、前記設定した減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて、前記安定限界線図を作成する線図作成部と、
当該線図作成部により作成された前記安定限界線図を表示する表示部とを備えることを特徴とする安定限界線図作成装置。
Regenerative chatter stable region and instability that vary depending on the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. A stability limit diagram creation device that creates a stability limit diagram that is a correlation diagram between a spindle rotation speed and a limit cutting depth of the tool, showing a boundary with a region,
A data storage unit for storing a relationship between the frequency of the playback chatter and the spindle rotational speed;
A vibration detection unit that is disposed in the vicinity of where the tool is mounted and detects the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the magnitude of vibration detected by the vibration detector, it is determined whether or not regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, and if it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is determined. A chatter detection unit that stores in the data storage unit in association with the spindle rotation speed when the playback chatter occurs as a measurement chatter frequency,
The damping ratio of the vibration system arbitrarily set based on the combination of the tool, the tool holder, the workpiece fixing jig and the machine tool, the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation stored in the data storage unit A calculation unit for calculating the natural frequency of the vibration system based on speed;
A diagram for creating the stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the set damping ratio, and the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit. The creation department;
A stability limit diagram creating device comprising: a display unit that displays the stability limit diagram created by the diagram creation unit.
少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成装置であって、
前記再生びびりの周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係を記憶するデータ記憶部と、
前記工具が装着される付近に配置され、該工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出する振動検出部と、
前記振動検出部によって検出された振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、該再生びびりの周波数を測定再生びびり周波数として、該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて前記データ記憶部に格納するびびり検出部と、
前記データ記憶部に格納されたデータを確認し、複数組の前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データが格納されている場合には、該複数組の前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データに基づいて、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数を算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された固有振動数、減衰比、並びに前記データ記憶部に格納された前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記安定限界線図を作成する線図作成部と、
前記線図作成部により作成された前記安定限界線図を表示する表示部と、
を備えることを特徴とする安定限界線図作成装置。
Regenerative chatter stable region and instability that vary depending on the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. A stability limit diagram creation device that creates a stability limit diagram that is a correlation diagram between a spindle rotation speed and a limit cutting depth of the tool, showing a boundary with a region,
A data storage unit for storing a relationship between the frequency of the playback chatter and the spindle rotational speed;
A vibration detection unit that is disposed in the vicinity of where the tool is mounted and detects the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the magnitude of vibration detected by the vibration detector, it is determined whether or not regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, and if it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is determined. A chatter detection unit that stores in the data storage unit in association with the spindle rotation speed when the playback chatter occurs as a measurement chatter frequency,
The data stored in the data storage unit is confirmed, and when a plurality of sets of measurement / playback chatter frequencies and relationship data between the spindle rotation speeds are stored, the plurality of sets of the measurement / playback chatter frequencies and the A calculation unit for calculating a damping ratio and a natural frequency of the vibration system based on relational data with the spindle rotation speed;
A diagram creation unit that creates the stability limit diagram based on the natural frequency calculated by the calculation unit, the damping ratio, and the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotation speed stored in the data storage unit;
A display unit for displaying the stability limit diagram created by the diagram creation unit;
A stability limit diagram creating apparatus comprising:
前記算出部は、前記振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比をそれぞれ任意の複数の値に設定し、各設定値について、所定式で表わされる前記再生びびり周波数、主軸回転速度、固有振動数及び減衰比との関係を基に、前記データ記憶部に記憶された複数の主軸回転速度に対応した理論再生びびり周波数をそれぞれ算出し、各設定値ごとに、前記各主軸回転速度に対応する前記理論再生びびり周波数と前記測定再生びびり周波数との差をそれぞれ算出して積算し、積算された差が最小値を示す前記設定値を、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数として同定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2記載の安定限界線図作成装置。   The calculation unit sets the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system to an arbitrary plurality of values, and for each set value, the playback chatter frequency, the spindle rotation speed, the natural frequency, and the damping represented by a predetermined formula Based on the relationship with the ratio, the theoretical reproduction chatter frequency corresponding to the plurality of spindle rotation speeds stored in the data storage unit is calculated, and the theoretical reproduction corresponding to each spindle rotation speed for each set value. The difference between the chatter frequency and the measured playback chatter frequency is calculated and integrated, and the set value indicating the minimum value of the integrated difference is identified as the damping ratio and natural frequency of the vibration system. The stability limit diagram creating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein 前記算出部は、前記振動系の固有振動数及び減衰比をそれぞれ任意の複数の値に設定し、各設定値について、所定式で表わされる前記再生びびり周波数、主軸回転速度、固有振動数及び減衰比との関係を基に、前記データ記憶部に記憶された複数の測定再生びびり周波数に対応した理論主軸回転速度をそれぞれ算出し、各設定値ごとに、前記各測定再生びびり周波数に対応する前記理論主軸回転速度と前記データ記憶部に格納された主軸回転速度との差をそれぞれ算出して積算し、積算された差が最小値を示す前記設定値を、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数として同定するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2記載の安定限界線図作成装置。   The calculation unit sets the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system to an arbitrary plurality of values, and for each set value, the playback chatter frequency, the spindle rotation speed, the natural frequency, and the damping represented by a predetermined formula Based on the relationship with the ratio, the theoretical spindle rotational speed corresponding to the plurality of measurement / playback chatter frequencies stored in the data storage unit is calculated, and for each set value, the measurement / playback chatter frequency corresponding to each measurement / playback chatter frequency. The difference between the theoretical spindle rotational speed and the spindle rotational speed stored in the data storage unit is calculated and integrated, and the set value indicating the minimum value of the integrated difference is used as the damping ratio and natural vibration of the vibration system. 3. The stability limit diagram creation device according to claim 2, wherein the device is configured to identify the number as a number. 前記線図作成部は、作成した前記安定限界線図の各安定ポケットの頂点に対応した主軸回転速度をS(min−1)、算出された前記固有振動数をω(Hz)、前記工具の刃数をNとして下式によって整数kを算出するとともに、算出した整数kの値を対応する安定ポケット付近に配置した安定限界線図を作成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4記載のいずれかの安定限界線図作成装置。
Figure 2018126837
但し、[]はガウス記号である。
The diagram creation unit sets the spindle rotational speed corresponding to the apex of each stability pocket of the created stability limit diagram to S (min −1 ), the calculated natural frequency to ω n (Hz), and the tool An integer k is calculated by the following equation with N as the number of blades, and a stability limit diagram in which the calculated value of the integer k is arranged in the vicinity of the corresponding stable pocket is created. Item 5. The stability limit diagram creation device according to any one of Items 1 to 4.
Figure 2018126837
However, [] is a Gaussian symbol.
少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成方法であって、
前記工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出し、
検出した前記振動系の振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、当該再生びびりの周波数を、測定再生びびり周波数として該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて記憶し、
前記工具、前記工具ホルダ、前記ワーク固定治具及び前記工作機械の組み合わせに基づいて任意に設定した前記振動系の減衰比、並びに記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて前記振動系の固有振動数を算出し、算出した固有振動数、前記設定した減衰比、並びに記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて、前記安定限界線図を作成するようにしたことを特徴とする安定限界線図作成方法。
Regenerative chatter stable region and instability that vary depending on the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. A stability limit diagram creation method for creating a stability limit diagram, which is a correlation diagram between a spindle rotation speed and a limit cutting depth of the tool, showing a boundary with a region,
Detecting the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the detected vibration magnitude of the vibration system, it is determined whether regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool. If it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is measured. Storing the playback chatter frequency in association with the spindle rotational speed when the playback chatter occurs,
The vibration based on the damping ratio of the vibration system arbitrarily set based on a combination of the tool, the tool holder, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool, and the stored measurement reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed. The natural frequency of the system is calculated, and the stability limit diagram is created based on the calculated natural frequency, the set damping ratio, and the stored measurement reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed. A stability limit diagram creation method characterized by
少なくとも使用する工具、該工具を保持する工具ホルダ、ワーク固定用治具及び工作機械の組み合わせによってその値が異なる振動系の固有振動数と減衰比に応じて変化する再生びびりの安定領域と不安定領域との境界を示す、主軸回転速度と前記工具の限界切り込み深さとの相関線図である安定限界線図を作成する安定限界線図作成方法であって、
前記工具を用いてワークを加工した際に生じる前記振動系の振動の大きさ及び周波数を検出し、
検出した前記振動系の振動の大きさを基に、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたかどうかを判別し、前記工具に再生びびりが生じたと判断された場合には、当該再生びびりの周波数を、測定再生びびり周波数として該再生びびりが生じたときの前記主軸回転速度と関連付けて記憶し、
記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データが複数組ある場合には、該複数組の前記測定再生びびり周波数と前記主軸回転速度との関係データに基づいて、前記振動系の減衰比及び固有振動数を算出し、算出した固有振動数、減衰比、並びに記憶した前記測定再生びびり周波数及び前記主軸回転速度に基づいて、前記安定限界線図を作成するようにしたことを特徴とする安定限界線図作成方法。
Regenerative chatter stable region and instability that vary depending on the natural frequency and damping ratio of the vibration system whose value varies depending on the combination of at least the tool to be used, the tool holder for holding the tool, the workpiece fixing jig, and the machine tool. A stability limit diagram creation method for creating a stability limit diagram, which is a correlation diagram between a spindle rotation speed and a limit cutting depth of the tool, showing a boundary with a region,
Detecting the magnitude and frequency of vibration of the vibration system that occurs when a workpiece is machined using the tool;
Based on the detected vibration magnitude of the vibration system, it is determined whether regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool. If it is determined that regenerative chatter has occurred in the tool, the frequency of the regenerative chatter is measured. Storing the playback chatter frequency in association with the spindle rotational speed when the playback chatter occurs,
When there are a plurality of sets of relationship data between the measured playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed stored, based on the plurality of sets of relational data between the measurement playback chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed, the vibration system The damping ratio and the natural frequency are calculated, and the stability limit diagram is created based on the calculated natural frequency, the damping ratio, and the stored measurement reproduction chatter frequency and the spindle rotational speed. A method for creating a stability limit diagram.
JP2017022723A 2017-02-10 2017-02-10 Stability limit diagram drawing device and stability limit diagram drawing method Active JP6505145B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017022723A JP6505145B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2017-02-10 Stability limit diagram drawing device and stability limit diagram drawing method
PCT/JP2017/042531 WO2018146913A1 (en) 2017-02-10 2017-11-28 Stability limit diagram creation device and stability limit diagram creation method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017022723A JP6505145B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2017-02-10 Stability limit diagram drawing device and stability limit diagram drawing method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2018126837A true JP2018126837A (en) 2018-08-16
JP6505145B2 JP6505145B2 (en) 2019-04-24

Family

ID=63108319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2017022723A Active JP6505145B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2017-02-10 Stability limit diagram drawing device and stability limit diagram drawing method

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6505145B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2018146913A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7479028B2 (en) 2020-03-18 2024-05-08 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Method and apparatus for measuring changes in vibration characteristics of a machine tool

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6349600B1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2002-02-26 The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Device for stable speed determination in machining
JP2012196741A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-18 Okuma Corp Rotational speed display device
JP2013000850A (en) * 2011-06-20 2013-01-07 Osaka Kiko Co Ltd Controller and control method of machine tool
WO2014098172A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 三菱重工業株式会社 Control device for working device, working device, control program for working device, control method for working device, and working method
JP2015217500A (en) * 2014-05-21 2015-12-07 Dmg森精機株式会社 Calculation method of spindle stable rotation number capable of suppressing chattering vibration, information method thereof, spindle rotation number control method, nc program edition method, and device of the same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6349600B1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2002-02-26 The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Device for stable speed determination in machining
JP2012196741A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-18 Okuma Corp Rotational speed display device
JP2013000850A (en) * 2011-06-20 2013-01-07 Osaka Kiko Co Ltd Controller and control method of machine tool
WO2014098172A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 三菱重工業株式会社 Control device for working device, working device, control program for working device, control method for working device, and working method
JP2015217500A (en) * 2014-05-21 2015-12-07 Dmg森精機株式会社 Calculation method of spindle stable rotation number capable of suppressing chattering vibration, information method thereof, spindle rotation number control method, nc program edition method, and device of the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7479028B2 (en) 2020-03-18 2024-05-08 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Method and apparatus for measuring changes in vibration characteristics of a machine tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6505145B2 (en) 2019-04-24
WO2018146913A1 (en) 2018-08-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6578195B2 (en) Method for deriving natural frequency of cutting tool, method for creating stability limit curve, and device for deriving natural frequency of cutting tool
JP5793200B2 (en) Machine tool cutting force detection device, cutting force detection method, machining abnormality detection method, and machining condition control system
JP5732325B2 (en) Vibration discrimination method and vibration discrimination apparatus
JP5288318B1 (en) Chatter control method for work machines
JP5802062B2 (en) Machine tool control apparatus and control method
US9651936B2 (en) Machining method
Sekar et al. Stability analysis of turning process with tailstock-supported workpiece
CN106094725A (en) Track display device
JP5734131B2 (en) Rotational speed display device
Damir et al. Force prediction and stability analysis of plunge milling of systems with rigid and flexible workpiece
Li et al. Research on modal analysis method of CNC machine tool based on operational impact excitation
JP5631792B2 (en) Machine tool monitoring device
JP6302794B2 (en) Rotation speed display method
WO2018146913A1 (en) Stability limit diagram creation device and stability limit diagram creation method
JP6473772B2 (en) Machining condition setting method and machining condition setting apparatus
JP5385067B2 (en) Rotational speed calculation device
Stepan et al. Spectral properties of milling and machined surface
JP2020189388A (en) Main spindle abnormality detection device
Rubeo et al. Amplitude ratio: a new metric for milling stability identification
US8090468B2 (en) Multi-spindle phase controlled machining
Vasquez On the use of structural dynamics in virtual manufacturing
JP2021181136A (en) Stability limit analyzer for machine tool
Chodźko The search for weak elements affecting the vibrostability of the system consisting of the machine tool and the cutting process, based on symptoms observed during operation
Sagris et al. Computational and experimental analysis of machine tool vibrations in micro-milling
Bryan et al. A Comparison of the Simulated Dynamics of Various Models Used to Predict Undeformed Chip Thickness in High-Speed Low-Radial-Immersion Milling Processes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20180808

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20181002

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20190318

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20190326

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6505145

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250