JP2018115727A - Lock type bidirectional clutch using coil spring - Google Patents
Lock type bidirectional clutch using coil spring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、入力軸と出力軸との間の動力伝達状態を変更するクラッチ装置、特に、入力軸（駆動側）からの正・逆回転の動力を伝達するとともに、出力軸（従動側）からの動力伝達は出力軸を回転不能として遮断する、コイルばねを用いたロックタイプ双方向クラッチに関する。 The present invention relates to a clutch device that changes a power transmission state between an input shaft and an output shaft, and in particular, transmits power of normal / reverse rotation from the input shaft (drive side) and from the output shaft (driven side). This power transmission relates to a lock type two-way clutch using a coil spring that blocks the output shaft as being unrotatable.
モーターなどの駆動源から作業機器等を駆動する動力伝達系、例えば、モーターにより物品を上下に移送する昇降装置では、物品が所定の位置に達したとき、モーターを停止すると物品が自動的にその位置を保持する作動が求められる場合がある。そのため、入力軸と出力軸を備えたロックタイプの双方向クラッチを用いて、入力軸を正・逆回転可能なモーターに連結するとともに、出力軸の回転により物品を昇降させる装置が知られている。例えば、本出願人の創案に係る特許文献１に記載の装置は、ローラの噛み込み及び噛み込み解除を利用してロックタイプ双方向クラッチとして機能させるものである。 In a power transmission system that drives work equipment or the like from a drive source such as a motor, for example, an elevating device that moves an article up and down by a motor, when the article reaches a predetermined position, the article is automatically In some cases, an operation to maintain the position is required. For this reason, there is known a device that uses a lock-type bidirectional clutch having an input shaft and an output shaft to connect the input shaft to a motor that can rotate forward and reverse, and to move the article up and down by rotating the output shaft. . For example, the device described in Patent Document 1 relating to the inventor's idea is to function as a lock-type bidirectional clutch by utilizing the biting and releasing of the roller.
ロックタイプの双方向クラッチは、例えば、複写機のフィニッシャーにおいて、用紙を載せた用紙テーブルを移送する昇降装置、あるいは、建築物の窓のブラインドを昇降する昇降装置に適用される。そして、これを利用すると簡易な装置による自動的な動力伝達の制御が可能となって、例えば、ブレーキ機構を設けて電気的に制御する場合のような、電力等の使用が不必要となるとともに、出力軸側から不測の逆入力があった場合に、駆動源のモーターを保護することも可能となる。 The lock-type bidirectional clutch is applied to, for example, a lifting device for transferring a paper table on which a paper is placed or a lifting device for lifting a window blind of a building in a finisher of a copying machine. When this is used, automatic power transmission can be controlled by a simple device, and the use of electric power or the like is unnecessary, as in the case of electrical control by providing a brake mechanism, for example. When there is an unexpected reverse input from the output shaft side, the motor of the drive source can be protected.
ところで、コイルばねを利用して動力伝達を断続する装置も知られている。例えば、コイルばねを備えた周知のトルクリミッタは、軸に巻き付けたコイルばねの摩擦力よりも大きいトルクが作用したときに、コイルばねを軸に対して空転させて動力の伝達を遮断する。また、コイルばねを利用したクラッチ装置として、例えば、本出願人の創案に係る特許文献２に記載された装置が公知であり、これについて、図８を参照して説明する。図８は、クラッチ装置の全体的な構造を示す図である。 By the way, an apparatus for interrupting power transmission using a coil spring is also known. For example, in a known torque limiter having a coil spring, when a torque larger than the frictional force of the coil spring wound around the shaft is applied, the coil spring is idled with respect to the shaft to interrupt power transmission. Further, as a clutch device using a coil spring, for example, a device described in Patent Document 2 relating to the idea of the present applicant is known, and this will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an overall structure of the clutch device.
図８のクラッチ装置は、断面円形の内部空間が設けられた固定のハウジングＨと、ハウジングＨの内側に設置され共通の回転軸を中心として回転可能な入力軸Ｉ及び出力軸Ｏと、ハウジングＨに固着された円筒軸状の内輪Ｎと、内輪Ｎの外周面に装着される１個のコイルばねＳとを備えている。入力軸Ｉ及び出力軸Ｏには、軸方向に延びる断面円弧状の入力係止片ＩＥ及び出力係止片ＯＥが夫々形成されている。入力軸Ｉと出力軸Ｏとは、相互に対向すると共に、入力係止片ＩＥと出力係止片ＯＥとが周方向に２個の間隙が存在するようにして組み合わされている。コイルばねＳは線材を巻回して形成され、軸方向両端には外方に曲げられたフック部Ｆが周方向の異なる位置に形成されている。コイルばねＳの内周面は内輪Ｎの外周面と接触している。フック部Ｆの各々は入力係止片ＩＥと出力係止片ＯＥとによって画成される上記２個の間隙の各々に挿入されている。 The clutch device of FIG. 8 includes a fixed housing H provided with an inner space having a circular cross section, an input shaft I and an output shaft O that are installed inside the housing H and are rotatable about a common rotating shaft, and a housing H. A cylindrical shaft-like inner ring N fixed to the inner ring N, and one coil spring S attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring N. The input shaft I and the output shaft O are formed with an input locking piece IE and an output locking piece OE each having an arcuate cross section extending in the axial direction. The input shaft I and the output shaft O are opposed to each other, and the input locking piece IE and the output locking piece OE are combined so that there are two gaps in the circumferential direction. The coil spring S is formed by winding a wire, and hook portions F bent outward are formed at different positions in the circumferential direction at both ends in the axial direction. The inner peripheral surface of the coil spring S is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring N. Each of the hook portions F is inserted into each of the two gaps defined by the input locking piece IE and the output locking piece OE.
入力軸Ｉが回転すると、その回転方向に応じ、入力係止片ＩＥがコイルばねＳの２個のフック部Ｆのいずれか（回転方向の前方にあるフック部Ｆ）に当接してこれを押す。この際には、押す力はばねの緩め方向（コイルばねＳと内輪Ｎとの間の摩擦力が減少する方向）に作用する。そして、入力係止片ＩＥによる上記押す力によって、コイルばねＳの内輪Ｎに対する締め付け力が所定程度緩められると、入力係止片ＩＥはコイルばねＳと共に内輪Ｎに対して幾分回転し、フック部Ｆが出力係止片ＯＥと当接する。このとき、出力軸Ｏは自由に回転可能であるため、結果として、入力係止片ＩＥは、コイルばねＳ、及び出力係止片ＯＥと一体となってハウジングＨ及び内輪Ｎに対して回転する。即ち、入力軸Ｉの回転は、出力軸Ｏに伝達される。
一方、出力軸Ｏが回転しようとした際には、その回転方向に応じ、出力係止片ＯＥがコイルばねＳの２個のフック部Ｆのいずれか（回転方向の前方にあるフック部Ｆ）に当接してこれを押す。この際には、押す力はばねの締め方向（コイルばねＳと内輪Ｎとの間の摩擦力が増大する方向）に作用し、また、コイルばねＳが装着された内輪ＮはハウジングＨに固定されているため、出力係止片ＯＥが回転することはない。即ち、出力軸Ｏの回転は入力軸Ｉに伝達されず遮断される。
When the input shaft I rotates, the input locking piece IE comes into contact with one of the two hook portions F of the coil spring S (the hook portion F in front of the rotation direction) and pushes it according to the rotation direction. . At this time, the pushing force acts in the spring loosening direction (the direction in which the frictional force between the coil spring S and the inner ring N decreases). When the clamping force of the coil spring S against the inner ring N is loosened by a predetermined amount by the pushing force by the input locking piece IE, the input locking piece IE rotates somewhat with respect to the inner ring N together with the coil spring S, and the hook The part F comes into contact with the output locking piece OE. At this time, since the output shaft O is freely rotatable, as a result, the input locking piece IE rotates integrally with the coil spring S and the output locking piece OE relative to the housing H and the inner ring N. . That is, the rotation of the input shaft I is transmitted to the output shaft O.
On the other hand, when the output shaft O is about to rotate, the output locking piece OE is one of the two hook portions F of the coil spring S (the hook portion F in front of the rotation direction) according to the rotation direction. Press against this. At this time, the pressing force acts in the tightening direction of the spring (the direction in which the frictional force between the coil spring S and the inner ring N increases), and the inner ring N to which the coil spring S is attached is fixed to the housing H. Therefore, the output locking piece OE does not rotate. That is, the rotation of the output shaft O is not transmitted to the input shaft I but is blocked.
特許文献１のロックタイプ双方向クラッチは、ローラの噛み込み及び噛み込み解除を利用して入力軸及び出力軸間の動力伝達を制御するものであり、ローラを楔形空間に設置することから、その製造・組み立てが困難である。また、ローラの噛み込み等に起因して作動中に振動や異音を生じる問題がある。 The lock type two-way clutch of Patent Document 1 controls the power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft by utilizing the engagement and release of the roller, and the roller is installed in the wedge-shaped space. It is difficult to manufacture and assemble. In addition, there is a problem in that vibration or noise occurs during operation due to the biting of the roller or the like.
特許文献２のクラッチ装置、即ち図８に示すコイルばねを用いたクラッチ装置は、組み立てが容易であること、製造コストを安価にできること等の利点がある。そして、簡単な構造で動力伝達を制御可能にすることができるけれども、次のような点に未だ改善の余地が残されている。
コイルばねを内輪に巻き付けたクラッチ装置においては、入力軸側から回転した際に、コイルばねが内輪の外周面を摺動するが、このときに、コイルばねに所謂ビビリ振動が生じることがある。このビビリ振動は一種の自励振動であって、コイルばねの内周面と内輪の外周面との間で生じる、比較的大きい静摩擦力と比較的小さい動摩擦力との差によって生じるものと考えられている。入力軸から出力軸への回転動力の伝達中に、上記のビビリ振動が発生すると、異音が生じたり、コイルばねに振動による繰り返し荷重がかかり破損につながる虞がある。
The clutch device of Patent Document 2, that is, the clutch device using the coil spring shown in FIG. 8, has advantages such as easy assembly and reduced manufacturing costs. Although power transmission can be controlled with a simple structure, there is still room for improvement in the following points.
In a clutch device in which a coil spring is wound around an inner ring, the coil spring slides on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring when rotated from the input shaft side. At this time, so-called chatter vibration may occur in the coil spring. This chatter vibration is a kind of self-excited vibration and is considered to be caused by the difference between a relatively large static friction force and a relatively small dynamic friction force generated between the inner peripheral surface of the coil spring and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. ing. If the chatter vibration described above occurs during the transmission of rotational power from the input shaft to the output shaft, abnormal noise may be generated, or the coil spring may be repeatedly loaded by vibration and may be damaged.
また、出力軸が回転しようとした際には、出力係止片によりばねの締め方向の力を作用させ、コイルばねと内輪との間に強大な摩擦力を発生させて出力軸をロックする。このとき、出力係止片が係合するコイルばねのフック部には大きな力がかかるため、出力軸に過大なトルクが作用した場合には、フック部が破断することがある。
本発明の課題は、コイルばねを利用したロックタイプ双方向クラッチにおいて生じる上述のような問題点を解決することにある。
When the output shaft is about to rotate, a force in the spring tightening direction is applied by the output locking piece, and a strong frictional force is generated between the coil spring and the inner ring to lock the output shaft. At this time, since a large force is applied to the hook portion of the coil spring to which the output locking piece is engaged, the hook portion may be broken when an excessive torque is applied to the output shaft.
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems that occur in a lock-type two-way clutch using a coil spring.
上記の課題に鑑み、本発明では、図８のクラッチ装置と同様に、入力軸と出力軸に夫々入力係止片と出力係止片とを形成し、これらを周方向に２個の間隙が存在するよう組み合わせて設置する。そして、固定のハウジングに対して周方向に固定された内輪の外周面に複数個のコイルばねを軸方向に並列して装着させ、複数個のコイルばねの夫々の両端のフック部を２個の間隙の夫々に挿入した。即ち、本発明は、
「共通の回転軸を中心として回転可能な入力軸及び出力軸を備え、前記入力軸からの正・逆方向の回転は前記出力軸に伝達されると共に、前記出力軸からの前記入力軸への回転の伝達は、前記出力軸を回転不能として遮断されるロックタイプ双方向クラッチであって、
断面円形の内部空間が設けられた固定のハウジングと、前記ハウジングに固定された軸状の内輪と、前記内輪に軸方向に並列して装着された複数個のコイルばねとを備え、
前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々は、線材を巻回して形成され、夫々の軸方向の両端には外方に曲げられたフック部が周方向の異なる位置に形成され、夫々の内周面は前記内輪の外周面と接触し、
前記入力軸及び出力軸には、軸方向に延びる断面円弧状の入力係止片及び出力係止片が夫々形成され、前記入力係止片及び出力係止片は、周方向に２個の間隙が存在するよう、組み合わされて設置され、
前記２個の間隙の夫々には、前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々の両端のフック部が挿入され、
前記入力軸が回転したときは、前記入力係止片が前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部をばねの緩み方向に押して、前記複数個のコイルばねと共に前記出力軸を回転させ、前記出力軸に回転力を加えたときは、前記出力係止片が前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部をばねの締め方向に押して、前記出力軸が回転不能となる」
ことを特徴とするロックタイプ双方向クラッチとなっている。
In view of the above problems, in the present invention, similarly to the clutch device of FIG. 8, an input locking piece and an output locking piece are formed on the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively, and two gaps are formed in the circumferential direction. Install in combination to exist. Then, a plurality of coil springs are mounted in parallel in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring fixed in the circumferential direction with respect to the fixed housing, and hook portions at both ends of each of the plurality of coil springs are attached to two pieces. Inserted into each of the gaps. That is, the present invention
“An input shaft and an output shaft that are rotatable about a common rotation shaft are provided, and forward and reverse rotations from the input shaft are transmitted to the output shaft and from the output shaft to the input shaft. Transmission of rotation is a lock-type two-way clutch that is shut off with the output shaft being unrotatable,
A fixed housing provided with an internal space having a circular cross section, a shaft-shaped inner ring fixed to the housing, and a plurality of coil springs mounted in parallel to the inner ring in the axial direction;
Each of the plurality of coil springs is formed by winding a wire, and hook portions bent outward are formed at both ends in the axial direction at different positions in the circumferential direction. In contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring,
The input shaft and the output shaft are respectively formed with an input locking piece and an output locking piece having a circular arc cross section extending in the axial direction, and the input locking piece and the output locking piece have two gaps in the circumferential direction. Are combined and installed so that there is
A hook part at each end of each of the plurality of coil springs is inserted into each of the two gaps,
When the input shaft rotates, the input locking piece pushes each hook portion of the plurality of coil springs in the loosening direction of the spring, rotates the output shaft together with the plurality of coil springs, and outputs the output When a rotational force is applied to the shaft, the output locking piece pushes each hook portion of the plurality of coil springs in the tightening direction of the spring, so that the output shaft cannot rotate.
This is a lock type two-way clutch.
前記複数個のコイルばねは何れも同一のものであるのが好ましい。
前記出力係止片の周方向両端の断面が円弧状に形成されると共に、前記出力係止片と当接する前記複数個のコイルばねのフック部が対応する円弧状に形成されているのが好ましい。
前記入力軸が前記入力係止片を固着した入力板部材を有すると共に、前記出力軸が前記出力係止片を固着した出力板部材を有し、前記入力板部材と前記出力板部材とが面接触するのが好ましい。この際には、前記入力板部材の中央には嵌合部が形成されていると共に、前記出力板部材の中央には被嵌合部が形成されているのがよい。
The plurality of coil springs are preferably the same.
It is preferable that cross sections at both ends in the circumferential direction of the output locking piece are formed in an arc shape, and hook portions of the plurality of coil springs that are in contact with the output locking piece are formed in a corresponding arc shape. .
The input shaft has an input plate member to which the input locking piece is fixed, the output shaft has an output plate member to which the output locking piece is fixed, and the input plate member and the output plate member are surfaces. Contact is preferred. In this case, it is preferable that a fitting portion is formed at the center of the input plate member and a fitted portion is formed at the center of the output plate member.
本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチは、断面円形の内部空間が設けられた固定のハウジングと、ハウジングに対して周方向に固定された軸状の内輪と、内輪に装着されるコイルばねとを備える。入力軸及び出力軸には、軸方向に延びる断面円弧状の入力係止片及び出力係止片が夫々形成されており、入力係止片及び出力係止片は、周方向に２個の間隙が存在するよう組み合わせて設置され、この間隙に、コイルばねの両端のフック部が夫々挿入される。
こうした点は図８のクラッチ装置と同様であるが、本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチでは、内輪に複数個のコイルばねが軸方向に並列に装着される点で図８のクラッチ装置とは相違する。つまり、本発明では、複数のコイルばねが独立して内輪上を摺動すると同時に、入力係止片及び出力係止片は、複数のコイルばねの端部と当接することとなる。
A lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention includes a fixed housing provided with an inner space having a circular cross section, a shaft-shaped inner ring fixed in the circumferential direction with respect to the housing, and a coil spring attached to the inner ring. . The input shaft and the output shaft are respectively formed with an input locking piece and an output locking piece having a circular arc cross section extending in the axial direction, and the input locking piece and the output locking piece have two gaps in the circumferential direction. The hook portions at both ends of the coil spring are respectively inserted into the gaps.
These points are the same as the clutch device of FIG. 8, but the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention is different from the clutch device of FIG. 8 in that a plurality of coil springs are mounted on the inner ring in parallel in the axial direction. To do. In other words, in the present invention, the plurality of coil springs slide independently on the inner ring, and at the same time, the input locking pieces and the output locking pieces come into contact with the ends of the plurality of coil springs.
入力軸が回転すると、入力係止片が回転方向の前方側にある複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部と当接し、これらを押して出力係止片に当接させる。複数個のコイルばねの夫々は、入力係止片が夫々のフック部と当接したときは緩み方向に力が作用するよう内輪に装着されているため、複数個のコイルばねの夫々の締め付け力は弱められ、出力係止片が入力係止片及び複数個のコイルばねの夫々と共に回転して、出力軸に回転が伝達される。
ここで、本発明におけるロックタイプ双方向クラッチにおいては、複数個のコイルばねが並列に内輪に装着されている。そのため、個々のコイルばねは個別にビビリ振動が生じうるものの、これらは相互に相殺し合い、複数個のコイルばね全体としては内輪との間におけるビビリ振動の発生は回避される。これは、複数個のコイルばねの夫々は、微視的にみれば内輪との間では摩擦の状態が異なり、ビビリ振動の位相等がずれて相互に相殺し合うものと考えられる。
When the input shaft rotates, the input locking piece comes into contact with the respective hook portions of the plurality of coil springs on the front side in the rotation direction, and pushes these into contact with the output locking piece. Since each of the plurality of coil springs is mounted on the inner ring so that a force acts in the loosening direction when the input locking piece comes into contact with each hook portion, the tightening force of each of the plurality of coil springs The output locking piece rotates together with the input locking piece and the plurality of coil springs, and the rotation is transmitted to the output shaft.
Here, in the lock type bidirectional clutch according to the present invention, a plurality of coil springs are mounted on the inner ring in parallel. Therefore, although the individual coil springs can generate chatter vibrations individually, they cancel each other out, and the occurrence of chatter vibrations with the inner ring is avoided as a whole of the plurality of coil springs. It can be considered that each of the plurality of coil springs has a frictional state different from that of the inner ring when viewed microscopically, and the phases of chatter vibrations shift and cancel each other.
一方、出力軸が回転しようとしたときは、出力係止片が回転方向の前方側にある複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部と当接してこれを押すが、その方向はばねの締め方向となる。従って、内輪に対する複数個のコイルばねの夫々の締め付け力は強まって出力係止片の回転が阻止される。
この場合に、本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチでは、出力係止片がフック部を押す力は複数個のコイルばねのフック部に分散される。そのため、個々のフック部に作用する力は大幅に減少し、出力軸に大きなトルクが作用したとしても、コイルばねのフック部の破損を防止することができる。
On the other hand, when the output shaft is about to rotate, the output locking piece comes into contact with and pushes each of the hook portions of the plurality of coil springs on the front side in the rotation direction. It becomes. Accordingly, the tightening force of each of the plurality of coil springs against the inner ring is strengthened, and the rotation of the output locking piece is prevented.
In this case, in the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the force with which the output locking piece pushes the hook portion is distributed to the hook portions of the plurality of coil springs. Therefore, the force acting on each hook part is greatly reduced, and even if a large torque acts on the output shaft, the hook part of the coil spring can be prevented from being damaged.
以下、図面に基づき、本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチについて説明する。まず、本発明の双方向クラッチの全体的な構造を図１に示し、その作動の説明図を図２に示す。図３乃至７は、図１の実施例の双方向クラッチの部品を単体で示すものである。 Hereinafter, the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the overall structure of the bidirectional clutch of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, and an explanatory diagram of its operation is shown in FIG. 3 to 7 show the components of the bidirectional clutch of the embodiment of FIG. 1 alone.
図１の中央の縦断面図に示すように、この実施例の双方向クラッチは、固定のハウジング１の中心部に入力軸２、出力軸３、内輪４、及び複数個（図示の実施例においては２個）のコイルばね５をそれぞれ配置した構造であり、図示は省略するが、入力軸２はモーター等の駆動側に接続され、出力軸３は昇降装置等の従動側に接続される。 As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of the center of FIG. 1, the bidirectional clutch of this embodiment has an input shaft 2, an output shaft 3, an inner ring 4, and a plurality (in the illustrated embodiment) Is a structure in which two coil springs 5 are arranged, and although not shown, the input shaft 2 is connected to a drive side such as a motor, and the output shaft 3 is connected to a driven side such as a lifting device.
図１と共に図３を参照して説明すると、ハウジング１は、略長方形の端板部１１と、この端板部１１から軸方向片側に延びる周壁部１２からなるカップ状部品であり、その内側には断面円形の内部空間１３が設けられている。端板部１１の中央にはハウジング貫通開口１４が形成されている。ハウジング貫通開口１４は、全体としては円形であるが、半径方向内側に突出する一対の係合突起１５が直径方向に対向して設けられている。端板部１１の軸方向片側面（即ち図３の中央図において右側面）には、ハウジング貫通開口１４よりも幾分径方向外方に離隔した位置においてこれを囲んで軸方向に僅かに突出する環状突条１６が設けられている。ハウジング１の開口端部、即ち軸方向において端板部１１と対向する位置には、シールド１７が配設され（図１を参照）、シールド１７は入力軸２の後述する入力軸部を軸受する。シールド１７は止めねじの如き適宜の固定手段によりハウジング１に固定される。 Referring to FIG. 3 together with FIG. 1, the housing 1 is a cup-shaped part including a substantially rectangular end plate portion 11 and a peripheral wall portion 12 extending from the end plate portion 11 to one side in the axial direction. Is provided with an internal space 13 having a circular cross section. A housing through opening 14 is formed in the center of the end plate portion 11. The housing through-opening 14 has a circular shape as a whole, but is provided with a pair of engaging protrusions 15 protruding radially inward in the diametrical direction. One end surface in the axial direction of the end plate portion 11 (that is, the right side surface in the central view of FIG. 3) is slightly protruded in the axial direction so as to surround it at a position slightly spaced outward from the housing through opening 14. An annular ridge 16 is provided. A shield 17 is disposed at the opening end of the housing 1, that is, at a position facing the end plate portion 11 in the axial direction (see FIG. 1), and the shield 17 supports an input shaft portion described later of the input shaft 2. . The shield 17 is fixed to the housing 1 by appropriate fixing means such as a set screw.
入力軸２は、図４に示すとおり、入力板部材２１と、入力板部材２１から軸方向他側に延びる断面円弧状の入力係止片２２と、入力板部材２１の軸方向片側に固着された入力軸部２３とを一体的に成形した部品である。入力板部材２１及び入力軸部２３は共に略円板形状であり、入力板部材２１の直径は入力軸部２３のそれに比べて幾分大きく、両者は同一の中心を有している。入力板部材２１の他側面の中央には円形凹部である嵌合部２４が設けられている。そして、入力板部材２１及び入力軸部２３の中心にはこれらを貫通する入力貫通開口２５が形成されている。入力貫通開口２５の断面形状は全体として円形であるが、直径方向において対向する位置には一対の平行な直線状部が設けられている。この入力貫通開口２５には図示しないモーター等の駆動源から延びるシャフトが挿入され、駆動源から入力軸２へ回転動力が伝達される。
入力係止片２２の断面形状は、周方向に略９０度の角度範囲に渡って延在する扇形であり、その周方向両端は周方向に対して直角である。入力係止片２２は、その軸方向基端部が入力板部材２１に固着されている。
As shown in FIG. 4, the input shaft 2 is fixed to the input plate member 21, the input locking piece 22 having a circular arc shape extending from the input plate member 21 to the other side in the axial direction, and one axial direction side of the input plate member 21. The input shaft portion 23 is integrally molded. Both the input plate member 21 and the input shaft portion 23 are substantially disk-shaped, and the diameter of the input plate member 21 is somewhat larger than that of the input shaft portion 23, and both have the same center. In the center of the other side surface of the input plate member 21, a fitting portion 24 that is a circular recess is provided. The input plate member 21 and the input shaft portion 23 are formed with an input through opening 25 penetrating them in the center. The cross-sectional shape of the input through opening 25 is circular as a whole, but a pair of parallel linear portions are provided at positions facing each other in the diametrical direction. A shaft extending from a drive source such as a motor (not shown) is inserted into the input through opening 25, and rotational power is transmitted from the drive source to the input shaft 2.
The cross-sectional shape of the input locking piece 22 is a sector shape extending over an angular range of approximately 90 degrees in the circumferential direction, and both ends in the circumferential direction are perpendicular to the circumferential direction. The input locking piece 22 has an axial base end fixed to the input plate member 21.
出力軸３は、出力軸本体部３１（図５（ａ））及び、これに接続される出力軸部３２（図５（ｂ））の２つの部品から構成される。出力軸本体部３１は、図５（ａ）に示すとおり、出力板部材３３と、出力板部材３３から軸方向他側に延びる断面円弧状の出力係止片３４とを一体に成型した部品である。出力板部材３３は略円板形状であり、軸方向他側面の中央には円形の凹部３５が、軸方向片側面の中央には軸方向に僅かに突出する円板状の被嵌合部３６が夫々形成されている。そして、出力板部材３３の中心には出力貫通開口３７が形成されている。
出力係止片３４の断面形状は、周方向に略１５０度の角度範囲に渡って延在する扇形であり、その周方向両端の断面は共に円弧状（図示の実施例においては、周方向外側に向かって突出する円弧状）に形成されている。出力係止片３４は、その軸方向基端部が出力板部材３３の外周面に固着されている。
出力軸部３２は、図５（ｂ）に示すとおり、全体として断面円形の中実棒状部材であって、その軸線方向両端部には、直径方向に対向する一対の平面状の切欠き３８及び３９が設けられている。出力軸本体部３１と出力軸部３２とは、切欠き３８を出力貫通開口３７に圧入し、肩部３８ａを凹部３５に突き当てるようにして組み合わされ、出力軸３を構成する。切欠き３９が設けられた軸方向他端部は図示しない昇降装置等に接続される。
The output shaft 3 is composed of two parts, an output shaft main body 31 (FIG. 5A) and an output shaft 32 connected to the output shaft main body 31 (FIG. 5A). As shown in FIG. 5A, the output shaft main body 31 is a component in which an output plate member 33 and an output locking piece 34 having an arc cross section extending from the output plate member 33 to the other side in the axial direction are integrally molded. is there. The output plate member 33 has a substantially disc shape, and a circular recess 35 is formed at the center of the other side surface in the axial direction, and a disk-like fitting portion 36 that slightly protrudes in the axial direction is provided at the center of one side surface in the axial direction. Are formed respectively. An output through opening 37 is formed at the center of the output plate member 33.
The cross-sectional shape of the output locking piece 34 is a sector shape extending over an angular range of approximately 150 degrees in the circumferential direction, and the cross-sections at both ends in the circumferential direction are both arcuate (in the illustrated embodiment, the circumferentially outer side) Arc shape protruding toward The output locking piece 34 has an axial base end fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the output plate member 33.
As shown in FIG. 5B, the output shaft portion 32 is a solid rod-like member having a circular cross section as a whole, and has a pair of planar notches 38 opposed to each other in the diametrical direction at both axial ends. 39 is provided. The output shaft main body portion 31 and the output shaft portion 32 are combined so that the notch 38 is press-fitted into the output through opening 37 and the shoulder portion 38 a is abutted against the concave portion 35 to constitute the output shaft 3. The other end in the axial direction where the notch 39 is provided is connected to a lifting device or the like (not shown).
内輪４は、図６に示すとおり、円筒形状であって、軸方向端部には直径方向に対向して凹状の一対の切欠き４１が形成されている。そして、この切欠き４１が固定されたハウジング１の係合突起１５と係合することで、内輪４はハウジング１に固定される。 As shown in FIG. 6, the inner ring 4 has a cylindrical shape, and a pair of concave cutouts 41 are formed in the axial end portion so as to face each other in the diametrical direction. The inner ring 4 is fixed to the housing 1 by engaging with the engaging protrusion 15 of the housing 1 to which the notch 41 is fixed.
複数個のコイルばね５の夫々は線材を巻回することで形成され、図７に示すとおり、軸方向両端には、外方に曲げられたフック部５１が周方向の異なる位置に形成されている。フック部５１の形状と、出力係止片３４の周方向両端の断面形状とは相互に対応するのが好ましく、図示の実施例においては、出力係止片３４の周方向両端と対応するよう円弧状に形成してある。つまり、フック部５１は、出力係止片３４の周方向端の断面と同一の曲率で略１８０度の角度範囲に渡って円弧状に延びている。コイルばね５の両端のフック部５１は周方向に見て１８０度の角度間隔を有している。なお、本実施例における複数個のコイルばね５の夫々は何れも同一のものである。 Each of the plurality of coil springs 5 is formed by winding a wire, and as shown in FIG. 7, hook portions 51 bent outward are formed at different positions in the circumferential direction at both ends in the axial direction. Yes. It is preferable that the shape of the hook portion 51 and the cross-sectional shape of both ends in the circumferential direction of the output locking piece 34 correspond to each other. In the illustrated embodiment, the circular shape so as to correspond to both circumferential ends of the output locking piece 34. It is formed in an arc shape. That is, the hook portion 51 extends in an arc shape over an angular range of approximately 180 degrees with the same curvature as the cross section of the output engagement piece 34 in the circumferential direction. The hook portions 51 at both ends of the coil spring 5 have an angular interval of 180 degrees when viewed in the circumferential direction. Each of the plurality of coil springs 5 in the present embodiment is the same.
図１に示す双方向クラッチは以下のように組み立てられる。
まず、複数個のコイルばね５を、夫々の内周面が内輪４の外周面と接触するように、内輪４に軸方向に並列して装着し、複数個のコイルばね５の夫々のフック部５１を、周方向に整合した位置におく（図１のＡ−Ａ断面図を参照）。そして、複数個のコイルばね５が装着された内輪４を、切欠き４１をハウジング１の係合突起１５に係合させて、ハウジング１に固定する。
The bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 is assembled as follows.
First, a plurality of coil springs 5 are mounted in parallel in the axial direction on the inner ring 4 so that the inner peripheral surfaces of the coil springs 5 are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 4. 51 is placed at a position aligned in the circumferential direction (see the AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 1). Then, the inner ring 4 on which the plurality of coil springs 5 are mounted is fixed to the housing 1 by engaging the notches 41 with the engaging protrusions 15 of the housing 1.
次いで、出力軸３及び入力軸２を順次ハウジンジング１の周壁部１２の開口端からハウジング１の内部空間１３内に挿入する。この際には、出力軸３の出力軸部３２が内輪４の内側に挿通され、出力板部材３３に設けられた凹部３５が内輪４の軸方向端部に嵌め込まれる。また、出力軸３及び入力軸２は、図１の中央縦断面図に示すとおり、出力軸３の被嵌合部３６が入力軸２の嵌合部２４に回転可能な状態で嵌まり込むと共に、出力板部材３３と入力板部材２１とが面接触するよう組み立てられる。出力軸３及び入力軸２が組み付けられたときは、図１のＡ−Ａ断面図に示すとおり、入力係止片２２及び出力係止片３２は、周方向に２個の間隙６が存在するように配置されることとなり、これら２個の間隙６の夫々には、複数個のコイルばね５の両端のフック部５１が夫々挿入される。 Next, the output shaft 3 and the input shaft 2 are sequentially inserted into the internal space 13 of the housing 1 from the open end of the peripheral wall portion 12 of the housing 1. At this time, the output shaft portion 32 of the output shaft 3 is inserted inside the inner ring 4, and the recess 35 provided in the output plate member 33 is fitted into the end portion in the axial direction of the inner ring 4. Further, the output shaft 3 and the input shaft 2 are fitted in a state in which the fitted portion 36 of the output shaft 3 is rotatable in the fitting portion 24 of the input shaft 2 as shown in the central longitudinal sectional view of FIG. The output plate member 33 and the input plate member 21 are assembled so as to be in surface contact. When the output shaft 3 and the input shaft 2 are assembled, as shown in the AA sectional view of FIG. 1, the input locking piece 22 and the output locking piece 32 have two gaps 6 in the circumferential direction. The hook portions 51 at both ends of the plurality of coil springs 5 are respectively inserted into the two gaps 6.
続いて、図１に示す双方向クラッチの作動について図２を参照して説明する。
図２（ａ）の左側の縦断面図の矢印に示すように、入力軸２が、例えば、駆動源のモーターにより回転軸ｏの周りを時計方向（軸方向の右方から見て）に回転すると、入力軸２に形成された入力係止片２２も回転軸ｏの周りを同方向に回転する。回転軸ｏ周りに回転した入力係止片２２は、複数個のコイルばね５の夫々の軸方向の一方の端部、即ち回転方向前方にあるコイルばね５のフック部５１（図の上側に示されるフック部５１）に当接し、フック部５１をばねの緩み方向に押して内輪４に対する複数個のコイルばね５の夫々の締付力を弱める。さらに、入力係止片２２は、夫々のフック部５１を介して出力係止片３４を押し、夫々のコイルばね５の内輪４に対する締付力を弱めながら出力係止片３４をコイルばね５と共に回転させる。
Next, the operation of the bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown by the arrow in the vertical sectional view on the left side of FIG. 2A, the input shaft 2 is rotated clockwise (as viewed from the right in the axial direction) around the rotation axis o by, for example, a drive source motor. Then, the input locking piece 22 formed on the input shaft 2 also rotates around the rotation axis o in the same direction. The input locking piece 22 rotated around the rotation axis o is one end portion of each of the plurality of coil springs 5 in the axial direction, that is, the hook portion 51 (shown on the upper side of the drawing) of the coil spring 5 at the front in the rotation direction. The hook portion 51) is pressed, and the hook portion 51 is pushed in the spring loosening direction to weaken the tightening force of each of the plurality of coil springs 5 with respect to the inner ring 4. Further, the input locking pieces 22 push the output locking pieces 34 through the respective hook portions 51, and the output locking pieces 34 together with the coil springs 5 while weakening the tightening force of the respective coil springs 5 against the inner ring 4. Rotate.
入力軸２が反時計方向に回転すると、入力係止片２２は、複数個のコイルばね５の夫々の軸方向の他方の端部にあるフック部５１（図の下側に示されるフック部５１）に当接して、これを反時計方向に押す。その力の方向は、やはり内輪４に対するコイルばね５の締付力を弱める方向であって、上述の場合と同じく、入力係止片２２は、出力係止片３４をコイルばね５と共に反時計方向に回転させる。このように、本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチでは、入力軸２が正・逆方向に回転すると、出力軸３が同一方向に等速で回転し、動力伝達が行われる。 When the input shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise, the input locking piece 22 is connected to a hook portion 51 (the hook portion 51 shown in the lower side of the drawing) at the other axial end of each of the plurality of coil springs 5. ) And push it counterclockwise. The direction of the force is also the direction in which the tightening force of the coil spring 5 against the inner ring 4 is weakened. As in the case described above, the input locking piece 22 and the output locking piece 34 together with the coil spring 5 are counterclockwise. Rotate to Thus, in the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, when the input shaft 2 rotates in the forward / reverse direction, the output shaft 3 rotates at the same speed in the same direction, and power is transmitted.
本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチにおいては、複数個のコイルばね５が並列に内輪４に装着されている。個々のコイルばねは、微視的に見た場合には内輪４との間の摩擦等の条件が全く同じではないため、個別にビビリ振動が生じうるもののこれらは相互に相殺し合い、複数個のコイルばね全体としては内輪との間におけるビビリ振動の発生は回避される。これにより、入力軸から出力軸への回転の伝達中において、ビビリ振動による異音の発生や、繰り返し荷重によるフック部の破損の虞が回避される。
また、本実施例においては、内輪４の軸方向端部が出力軸３の出力板部材３３に設けられた凹部３５に、出力板部材３３の被嵌合部３６が入力軸２の入力板部材２１に設けられた嵌合部２４に、夫々嵌合している。そのため、入力軸２及び出力軸３が、ラジアル方向及びスラスト方向に軸受されることとなり、回転の伝達中における入力軸２及び出力軸３の芯ぶれや振動が防止される。
In the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, a plurality of coil springs 5 are mounted on the inner ring 4 in parallel. The individual coil springs, when viewed microscopically, do not have exactly the same conditions such as friction with the inner ring 4, but although chatter vibrations can occur individually, they cancel each other out and a plurality of Generation of chatter vibration between the coil spring and the inner ring as a whole is avoided. As a result, during the transmission of rotation from the input shaft to the output shaft, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of abnormal noise due to chatter vibrations and the possibility of breakage of the hook portion due to repeated loads.
In the present embodiment, the axial end of the inner ring 4 is in the recess 35 provided in the output plate member 33 of the output shaft 3, and the fitted portion 36 of the output plate member 33 is the input plate member of the input shaft 2. 21 are respectively fitted to the fitting portions 24 provided in the belt 21. For this reason, the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are bearing in the radial direction and the thrust direction, so that the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are prevented from being shaken or vibrated during transmission of rotation.
一方、図２（ｂ）の左側の縦断面図における矢印に示すように、出力軸３側からの回転トルクにより、出力軸３を回転軸ｏの周りに時計方向（軸方向の右方から見て）に回転させようとしても、出力係止片３４がコイルばね５のフック部５１（図の下側に示されるフック部５１）をばねの締め方向に押して、内輪４に対するコイルばね５の締め付け力を強めるため、出力係止片３４は内輪４に対して回転しない。この点は、出力軸３を反時計方向（軸方向の右方から見て）に回転させようとした場合も同様である（このときは、出力係止片３４が図の上側のフック部５１と当接）。従って、出力軸３からの入力軸２への回転の伝達は、出力軸３が回転不能となり遮断される。 On the other hand, as shown by the arrow in the vertical sectional view on the left side of FIG. 2B, the output shaft 3 is rotated around the rotation axis o in the clockwise direction (viewed from the right in the axial direction) by the rotational torque from the output shaft 3 side. The output locking piece 34 pushes the hook portion 51 of the coil spring 5 (the hook portion 51 shown on the lower side of the figure) in the direction of tightening the spring, and tightens the coil spring 5 with respect to the inner ring 4. In order to increase the force, the output locking piece 34 does not rotate with respect to the inner ring 4. This also applies to the case where the output shaft 3 is intended to be rotated counterclockwise (as viewed from the right in the axial direction) (in this case, the output locking piece 34 is connected to the hook portion 51 on the upper side in the figure). Abut). Accordingly, transmission of rotation from the output shaft 3 to the input shaft 2 is blocked because the output shaft 3 cannot rotate.
本発明のロックタイプ双方向クラッチでは、出力係止片３４がフック部５１を押す力は複数個のコイルばね５のフック部５１に分散される。そのため、個々のフック部５１に作用する力は大幅に減少し、出力軸３に大きなトルクが作用したとしても、コイルばね５のフック部５１の破損を防止することができる。図示の実施例においては、コイルばね５は内輪４に軸方向に並列して２個装着されているため、個々のフック部５１に作用する上記の力は実質上半分に減少することとなる。
また、図示の実施例においては、出力係止片３４の周方向両端の断面が円弧状に形成されると共に、出力係止片３４と当接する複数個のコイルばね５のフック部５１が対応する円弧状に形成されている。そのため、出力係止片３４がフック部５１を押した際には、これに係る力は円弧状に形成されたフック部５１の内周面全体に分散され、上記の力がフック部５１の特定部位に局部的に集中することが回避され、フック部５１が耐えうる荷重の上限値を大きくすることができる。換言すると、出力軸３に大きなトルクが作用した場合であっても、フック部５１は破断することなく、出力軸３はロック状態を維持し、出力軸３からの入力軸２への回転の伝達を遮断することが可能となる。
In the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the force by which the output locking piece 34 presses the hook portion 51 is distributed to the hook portions 51 of the plurality of coil springs 5. Therefore, the force acting on each hook part 51 is greatly reduced, and even if a large torque acts on the output shaft 3, damage to the hook part 51 of the coil spring 5 can be prevented. In the illustrated embodiment, two coil springs 5 are mounted on the inner ring 4 in parallel in the axial direction, so that the force acting on each hook portion 51 is substantially reduced to half.
Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the cross-sections at both ends in the circumferential direction of the output locking piece 34 are formed in an arc shape, and the hook portions 51 of the plurality of coil springs 5 that contact the output locking piece 34 correspond. It is formed in an arc shape. Therefore, when the output locking piece 34 presses the hook portion 51, the force related to this is distributed over the entire inner peripheral surface of the hook portion 51 formed in an arc shape, and the above force is specified by the hook portion 51. Concentrating locally on the part is avoided, and the upper limit value of the load that the hook part 51 can withstand can be increased. In other words, even when a large torque is applied to the output shaft 3, the hook portion 51 is not broken, the output shaft 3 is maintained in a locked state, and rotation is transmitted from the output shaft 3 to the input shaft 2. Can be cut off.
以上詳述したように、本発明は、コイルばねを利用して、入力軸の回転時には出力軸を回転させる一方、出力軸を回転させようとしても回転不能にロックするよう構成したロックタイプ双方向クラッチにおいて、固定の内輪に複数個のコイルばねを装着することにより、回転伝達中のビビリ振動の防止などを図るものである。上記の実施例においては、出力軸は出力軸基部及び出力軸部の２つの部品から構成されていたが、出力軸は単一の構成部品であってもよい。また、出力係止片の周方向両端の断面を円弧状とする代わりに、くの字やコの字等適宜の形状に形成し、これに当接するコイルばねのフック部を対応する形状に加工することも可能である。さらに、入力軸及び出力軸とハウジングの内周面との間にベアリングを介在させるなど、上記の実施例に対し各種の変形が可能であるのは明らかである。 As described above in detail, the present invention uses a coil spring to rotate the output shaft when the input shaft is rotated, and lock type bidirectionally configured to lock the output shaft so that the output shaft cannot be rotated. In the clutch, a plurality of coil springs are attached to a fixed inner ring to prevent chatter vibration during rotation transmission. In the above embodiment, the output shaft is composed of two components, ie, the output shaft base portion and the output shaft portion, but the output shaft may be a single component. Also, instead of making the cross section at both ends in the circumferential direction of the output locking piece into an arc shape, it is formed into an appropriate shape such as a square or U shape, and the hook portion of the coil spring that contacts this is processed into a corresponding shape It is also possible to do. Further, it is apparent that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment, such as interposing bearings between the input shaft and the output shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the housing.
１ ハウジング
２ 入力軸
２２ 入力係止片
３ 出力軸
３４ 出力係止片
４ 内輪
５ コイルばね
５１ フック部
６ 間隙
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 2 Input shaft 22 Input latching piece 3 Output shaft 34 Output latching piece 4 Inner ring 5 Coil spring 51 Hook part 6 Gap
Claims (5)
断面円形の内部空間が設けられた固定のハウジングと、前記ハウジングに固定された軸状の内輪と、前記内輪に軸方向に並列して装着された複数個のコイルばねとを備え、
前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々は、線材を巻回して形成され、夫々の軸方向の両端には外方に曲げられたフック部が周方向の異なる位置に形成され、夫々の内周面は前記内輪の外周面と接触し、
前記入力軸及び出力軸には、軸方向に延びる断面円弧状の入力係止片及び出力係止片が夫々形成され、前記入力係止片及び出力係止片は、周方向に２個の間隙が存在するよう、組み合わされて設置され、
前記２個の間隙の夫々には、前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々の両端のフック部が挿入され、
前記入力軸が回転したときは、前記入力係止片が前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部をばねの緩み方向に押して、前記複数個のコイルばねと共に前記出力軸を回転させ、前記出力軸に回転力を加えたときは、前記出力係止片が前記複数個のコイルばねの夫々のフック部をばねの締め方向に押して、前記出力軸が回転不能となる、ことを特徴とするロックタイプ双方向クラッチ。 Provided with an input shaft and an output shaft that can rotate around a common rotation shaft, forward and reverse rotations from the input shaft are transmitted to the output shaft, and rotation from the output shaft to the input shaft The transmission is a lock-type bidirectional clutch that is blocked with the output shaft being unrotatable,
A fixed housing provided with an internal space having a circular cross section, a shaft-shaped inner ring fixed to the housing, and a plurality of coil springs mounted in parallel to the inner ring in the axial direction;
Each of the plurality of coil springs is formed by winding a wire, and hook portions bent outward are formed at both ends in the axial direction at different positions in the circumferential direction. In contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring,
The input shaft and the output shaft are respectively formed with an input locking piece and an output locking piece having a circular arc cross section extending in the axial direction, and the input locking piece and the output locking piece have two gaps in the circumferential direction. Are combined and installed so that there is
A hook part at each end of each of the plurality of coil springs is inserted into each of the two gaps,
When the input shaft rotates, the input locking piece pushes each hook portion of the plurality of coil springs in the loosening direction of the spring, rotates the output shaft together with the plurality of coil springs, and outputs the output The lock is characterized in that when the rotational force is applied to the shaft, the output locking piece pushes each hook portion of the plurality of coil springs in the tightening direction of the spring, so that the output shaft cannot rotate. Type two-way clutch.
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| JP2022032651A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-25 | 株式会社オリジン | Lock type bidirectional clutch |
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