JP2018050545A - Hydroponic apparatus - Google Patents

Hydroponic apparatus Download PDF

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JP2018050545A
JP2018050545A JP2016191418A JP2016191418A JP2018050545A JP 2018050545 A JP2018050545 A JP 2018050545A JP 2016191418 A JP2016191418 A JP 2016191418A JP 2016191418 A JP2016191418 A JP 2016191418A JP 2018050545 A JP2018050545 A JP 2018050545A
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plant
fan
light source
room
plant storage
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JP6181832B1 (en
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容史 小田
Yasufumi Oda
容史 小田
正義 執行
Masayoshi Shigyo
正義 執行
潔 岩谷
Kiyoshi Iwatani
潔 岩谷
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EEMON KOGYO KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponic apparatus that can maintain a plant housing chamber at an optimum room temperature, and can hold preferable environment in which plants can be easily raised.SOLUTION: A home hydroponic apparatus capable of growing plants P indoor comprises a cultivation case part 3 having: a plant housing chamber 10 in which a plant growing unit 15 for allowing cultivation vessels 4 to hold the plants P is housed; and a light source chamber 20 provided with an irradiation device 5 which irradiates the plants inside the plant housing chamber with light. The cultivation case part has: a first fan 1 for ventilating the plant housing chamber which sends air from the plant housing chamber to the light source chamber; and a second fan 2 for ventilating the light source chamber which discharges air from the light source chamber to the outside and comprises a control part 6 capable of independently controlling the first and second fans, the cultivation case part is made freely switchable between a winter season circulating operation state in which the first fan is constantly operated and the second fan is set to a non-operation or intermittent operation and a ventilation operation state in which the first and second fans are constantly operated by the control part, and the plant housing chamber is constituted to be maintained at a room temperature suitable for raising plants.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、水耕栽培装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

従来、屋内で、土を使わずに葉物野菜やハーブ類等の植物を栽培することができる家庭用の水耕栽培装置が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, a domestic hydroponics device that can grow plants such as leafy vegetables and herbs indoors without using soil has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

特開２０１５−６５８５５号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-65855

特許文献１記載の水耕栽培装置で栽培される植物、例えば、葉物野菜は、その種類によって、育成に適した温度条件が異なるため、植物収納室内の温度が、育成する葉物野菜にとって最適な温度域を外れると、葉物野菜がうまく育たないことがあった。植物収納室の室温が上昇し過ぎた際の対策としては、換気を行って外気を取り込むことにより室温を下げることが効果的であるが、特に冬季に於て、植物収納室の室温が下がり過ぎた際には、電気ヒーターにより加温するか、又は、水耕栽培装置全体を保温カバーで覆うことで、植物収納室の温度調整が行われていた。
しかし、電気ヒーターは消費電力が大きく、また、保温カバーで覆う方法は、温度調整の為に保温カバーを付けたり外したりするのに非常に手間が掛かり面倒で、しかも、保温カバーを付けた状態では水耕栽培装置の美観が損なわれるという問題があった。また、植物を育成し易い好適な環境を保つ為に、植物育成室内には、常時空気の流れを作っておく必要があった。 Plants cultivated by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1, for example, leafy vegetables have different temperature conditions suitable for growing depending on their types, so the temperature in the plant storage room is optimal for growing leafy vegetables When the temperature range is exceeded, leafy vegetables may not grow well. As a countermeasure when the room temperature of the plant storage room rises too much, it is effective to lower the room temperature by ventilating and taking in outside air, but especially in winter, the room temperature of the plant storage room is too low. In this case, the temperature of the plant storage room has been adjusted by heating with an electric heater or by covering the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus with a heat insulating cover.
However, the electric heater consumes a large amount of power, and the method of covering with a heat insulating cover is very troublesome and troublesome to attach and remove the heat insulating cover for temperature adjustment, and the heat insulating cover is attached. Then, there was a problem that the aesthetics of the hydroponic cultivation device was impaired. Moreover, in order to maintain a suitable environment in which plants are easily grown, it is necessary to always create an air flow in the plant growing room.

そこで、本発明は、植物収納室を、簡便に、最適な室温に維持でき、植物を育成し易い好適な環境を保つことができる水耕栽培装置を提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can maintain a suitable environment which can maintain a plant storage room simply and optimal room temperature, and is easy to grow a plant.

本発明に係る水耕栽培装置は、屋内で植物を育成可能な家庭用の水耕栽培装置であって、栽培容器に植物を保持させる植物育成ユニットが収納される植物収納室と、該植物収納室内の上記植物に光を照射する照射器を設けた光源室とを、区画形成する区画内壁を有する栽培ケース部を備え、該栽培ケース部は、上記植物収納室から上記光源室へ空気を送る植物収納室換気用の第１ファンと、上記光源室から外部へ空気を排出する光源室換気用の第２ファンとを、有し、かつ、上記第１ファン・第２ファンを独立して制御可能な制御部を備え、上記第１ファンを常時稼働させ、かつ、上記第２ファンを非稼働乃至間欠稼働として、上記光源室で上記照射器の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室から上記植物収納室に環流させる冬季循環運転状態と、上記第１ファン・第２ファンを常時稼働させて、上記光源室で上記照射器の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室から外部へ排出する換気運転状態に、上記制御部によって切換自在とし、上記植物収納室が、植物の育成に適した室温に維持されるよう構成されているものである。   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can grow plants indoors, and includes a plant storage room in which a plant growing unit that holds plants in a cultivation container is stored, and the plant storage A light source chamber provided with an irradiator for irradiating light to the plant in the room is provided with a cultivation case section having a partition inner wall for partitioning, and the cultivation case section sends air from the plant storage chamber to the light source chamber A first fan for plant storage room ventilation and a second fan for light source room ventilation for discharging air from the light source room to the outside, and independently controlling the first fan and the second fan A control unit capable of operating the first fan at all times and the second fan being non-operating or intermittently operating to heat the air heated by the heat of the irradiator in the light source chamber. Circulates in the winter from above to the plant storage room And the control unit in a ventilation operation state in which the first fan and the second fan are always operated, and the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator in the light source chamber is discharged from the light source chamber to the outside. The plant storage room is configured to be maintained at a room temperature suitable for plant growth.

また、上記植物収納室の室温を検出する温度検出手段と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段とを、備え、上記植物収納室の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の下限値未満であれば、上記制御部によって、上記第１ファンを常時稼働させつつ上記第２ファンを非稼働乃至間欠稼働として上記冬季循環運転状態とし、上記植物収納室の室温が上昇して上記設定育成適温域の上限値を超えている状態では、上記制御部によって、上記第１ファン・第２ファンを常時稼働させて、上記換気運転状態に切換えるよう構成されているものである。
また、上記栽培容器は、液体肥料を収容するトレイと、該トレイの開口部に施蓋されて植物を保持するパネルとを、有し、該パネルは、上記トレイに液体肥料を補給するための注ぎ口を有しているものである。
また、上記栽培容器は、上記トレイ内の液体肥料を循環させる循環ポンプが付設され、上記植物収納室の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の上限値未満であれば、上記循環ポンプが常時稼働するように制御され、上記循環ポンプの発熱によって、上記植物収納室の室温が維持されるよう構成されているものである。 Further, the apparatus includes temperature detection means for detecting the room temperature of the plant storage room and setting storage means for storing a predetermined set growth appropriate temperature range, and the room temperature of the plant storage room is less than a lower limit value of the set growth appropriate temperature range. If so, the control unit causes the second fan to be in a non-operating or intermittent operation while the first fan is always in operation to enter the winter circulation operation state, and the room temperature of the plant storage room rises to increase the set appropriate temperature for cultivation. In the state where the upper limit value of the region is exceeded, the control unit is configured to always operate the first fan and the second fan and switch to the ventilation operation state.
The cultivation container has a tray for storing liquid fertilizer, and a panel that is applied to the opening of the tray and holds plants, and the panel is for supplying liquid fertilizer to the tray. It has a spout.
Further, the cultivation container is provided with a circulation pump for circulating the liquid fertilizer in the tray, and the circulation pump is always operated when the room temperature of the plant storage room is less than the upper limit value of the set appropriate temperature range. And the room temperature of the plant storage chamber is maintained by the heat generated by the circulation pump.

本発明の水耕栽培装置によれば、気温が低下する冬季に、簡便に、植物収納室の室温が低くなるのを防止して、植物が育ちやすい環境を保つことができる。照射器によって、植物の光合成に必要な光を植物収納室に向けて照射すると共に、照射器から発生する熱を、植物収納室の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。冬季の室温調整の為に保温カバーを被せる必要がなく、外観上の美観を保つことができる。保温カバーを着脱させる等の使用者の手間が省けて、至便である。構造が簡素で、安価かつ容易に製造できる。植物収納室内の室温の調整と空気の送風を両立できる。   According to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily prevent the room temperature of the plant storage room from being lowered in winter when the temperature is lowered, and to maintain an environment in which plants are easily grown. The irradiator irradiates the plant storage room with light necessary for plant photosynthesis, and the heat generated from the irradiator can be effectively used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room. Power consumption can be avoided and costs can be kept low. There is no need to put on a heat insulation cover to adjust the room temperature in winter, and the appearance can be maintained. It is convenient because it saves the user troubles such as attaching and detaching the heat insulation cover. It has a simple structure and can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. It is possible to achieve both adjustment of the room temperature in the plant storage room and air blowing.

本発明の実施の一形態を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の一形態を示した簡略な断面正面図である。It is the simple section front view showing one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の水耕栽培装置の作用を説明する断面正面図であり、（Ａ）は冬季循環運転状態の断面正面図であり、（Ｂ）は換気運転状態の断面正面図である。It is a cross-sectional front view explaining the effect | action of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of this invention, (A) is a cross-sectional front view of a winter circulation operation state, (B) is a cross-sectional front view of a ventilation operation state. 栽培容器を示す分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a cultivation container. 栽培容器を示す要部拡大斜視図である。It is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows a cultivation container. 扉の合わせ目を示す要部断面平面図である。It is a principal part sectional top view which shows the joint of a door.

以下、実施の形態を示す図面に基づき本発明を詳説する。
図１に示すように、本発明の水耕栽培装置は、屋内で使用され、土を使わずに葉物野菜やハーブ類等の植物Ｐを育成する家庭用の水耕栽培装置である。水耕栽培装置で育成される植物Ｐは、例えば、リーフレタス、小松菜、春菊、水菜、ルッコラ、ベビーリーフ等の葉物野菜、あるいは、バジルやパセリ等のハーブ類であり、これらの植物Ｐが栽培ケース部３に収納されている。
栽培ケース部３は、前面に、大半が透明な部材３０で形成された観音開き式の扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂを備え、扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂを閉めた状態でも、外部から植物収納室１０の植物Ｐを観察することができる。栽培ケース部３の前面上部には、主電源スイッチ兼用の異常報知点灯部３１と、現在時刻や植物収納室１０の室温等を表示するための表示部３２と、表示部３２の表示を切り換えたり育成環境の設定を変更したりするための操作部３３とが、設けられている。栽培ケース部３は、背面や側壁面が局部的に透明な部材３０で形成されても良い。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus that is used indoors and grows plants P such as leafy vegetables and herbs without using soil. Plants P grown in hydroponic cultivation equipment are leafy vegetables such as leaf lettuce, Japanese mustard spinach, spring chrysanthemum, mizuna, arugula, baby leaf, or herbs such as basil and parsley. It is stored in the cultivation case part 3.
The cultivation case part 3 is provided with front doors 13A and 13B formed mostly of transparent members 30 on the front surface, and the plant P in the plant storage room 10 is observed from the outside even when the doors 13A and 13B are closed. can do. On the front upper part of the cultivation case section 3, an abnormality notification lighting section 31 that also serves as a main power switch, a display section 32 for displaying the current time and the room temperature of the plant storage room 10, and the display of the display section 32 are switched. An operation unit 33 for changing the setting of the training environment is provided. The cultivation case unit 3 may be formed of a member 30 whose back surface or side wall surface is locally transparent.

図１と図２に示すように、栽培ケース部３は、直方体状の外壁１２と、外壁１２内面に設けられた区画内壁１１とを、有し、局部的な２重壁構造に形成されている。
栽培ケース部３は、区画内壁１１によって、栽培容器４に植物Ｐを保持させた植物育成ユニット１５，１５を２個以上収納可能な植物収納室１０と、植物収納室１０の上方（天井）から光を照射する照射器５を設けた光源室２０とが、区画形成されている。
区画内壁１１は、植物収納室１０の天井を形成する（光透過性の）透明壁部１１Ａと、外壁１２の側壁１２Ｂ，１２Ｂ内面に連結された連結壁部１１Ｂ，１１Ｂとを、有している。連結壁部１１Ｂ，１１Ｂには、後述の第１ファン１が取着される植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８と、植物収納室１０の換気吸入口１９が形成されている。
外壁１２の側壁１２Ｂ，１２Ｂには、光源室２０に連通する外気取込口７と、後述の第２ファン２が取着される排気口１４が形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation case portion 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped outer wall 12 and a partition inner wall 11 provided on the inner surface of the outer wall 12, and is formed in a local double wall structure. Yes.
The cultivation case unit 3 includes a plant storage room 10 that can store two or more plant growth units 15 and 15 each having a plant P held in the cultivation container 4 by a partition inner wall 11, and an upper side (ceiling) of the plant storage room 10. A light source chamber 20 provided with an irradiator 5 for irradiating light is partitioned.
The partition inner wall 11 includes a transparent wall portion 11A (light transmissive) that forms the ceiling of the plant storage chamber 10, and connection wall portions 11B and 11B connected to the inner surfaces of the side walls 12B and 12B of the outer wall 12. Yes. The connection wall portions 11B and 11B are formed with a ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage chamber 10 and a ventilation suction port 19 of the plant storage chamber 10 to which a first fan 1 described later is attached.
On the side walls 12B and 12B of the outer wall 12, an outside air intake port 7 communicating with the light source chamber 20 and an exhaust port 14 to which a second fan 2 described later is attached are formed.

照射器５は、ＬＥＤ５Ａと基板５Ｂから成り、光源室２０の天井面（外壁１２の天井面）に複数個（図例では３個）並べて配設されている。照射器５は、ＬＥＤ５Ａ各個が太陽光に近い波長の光を照射して、屋外に近似した日照条件で植物収納室１０の植物Ｐに光合成をさせ、植物Ｐの生長を促すよう構成されている。照射器５は、１日２４時間の内、例えば、１６時間点灯して８時間消灯するように設定される。なお、照射器５は、ＬＥＤ以外の光源（例えば、蛍光灯など）を用いても良い。   The irradiator 5 includes an LED 5A and a substrate 5B, and a plurality (three in the illustrated example) are arranged on the ceiling surface of the light source chamber 20 (the ceiling surface of the outer wall 12). The irradiator 5 is configured such that each LED 5A irradiates light having a wavelength close to sunlight, causes the plant P in the plant storage room 10 to perform photosynthesis under sunlight conditions approximate to the outdoors, and promotes the growth of the plant P. . The irradiator 5 is set to be lit for 16 hours and extinguished for 8 hours, for example, within 24 hours a day. The irradiator 5 may use a light source (for example, a fluorescent lamp) other than the LED.

栽培ケース部３は、植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８に取着された第１ファン１と、排気口１４に取着された第２ファン２とを、有している。
また、栽培ケース部３は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を独立して制御可能な制御部６を備えている。
制御部６は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を制御するファン制御手段と、照射器５を制御する光制御手段と、後述の循環ポンプ１７を制御するポンプ制御手段とを、備え、さらに、異常報知点灯部３１の点灯状態及び色を制御する報知制御手段と、表示部３２を制御する表示制御手段とを、備えている。また、植物収納室１０の室温を検出する温度検出手段２５と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段２６とを、備えている。 The cultivation case unit 3 has the first fan 1 attached to the ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage room 10 and the second fan 2 attached to the exhaust port 14.
Moreover, the cultivation case part 3 is provided with the control part 6 which can control the 1st fan 1 and the 2nd fan 2 independently.
The control unit 6 includes fan control means for controlling the first fan 1 and the second fan 2, light control means for controlling the irradiator 5, and pump control means for controlling a circulation pump 17 to be described later. In addition, a notification control unit that controls the lighting state and color of the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 and a display control unit that controls the display unit 32 are provided. Moreover, the temperature detection means 25 which detects the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10, and the setting memory | storage means 26 which memorize | stores a predetermined setting cultivation suitable temperature range are provided.

本発明の水耕栽培装置の作用について説明する。
図３（Ａ）に示すように、栽培ケース部３は、植物収納室１０の室温が、設定記憶手段２６に記憶させた所定の設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０未満である際、制御部６によって、第１ファン１を常時稼働させ、かつ、第２ファン２が非稼働乃至間欠稼働に制御される。第２ファン２の間欠稼働とは、例えば、１時間の内、５分間だけ稼働し、それ以外の時間は停止している状態とする。第１ファン１が稼働することで、植物収納室１０から光源室２０に空気が送られ、外気取込口７からの外気と混ざり合って光源室２０内を流通する。光源室２０を流れる空気が、照射器５の発する熱を吸収して、温度上昇する。照射器５の発熱により加温された空気は、第２ファン２が非稼働（又は間欠稼働）であるため、外部に排出されずに、光源室２０から植物収納室１０に環流する。このように、植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８から出た空気が、光源室２０での加温を経て、植物収納室１０の換気吸入口１９に吸い込まれる状態を、冬季循環運転状態とし、冬季循環運転状態では、植物収納室１０の室温が、照射器５の熱によって、次第に上昇する。また、栽培ケース部３内で空気を循環させることで、植物Ｐの葉の表面に適度な空気の流れを発生させて、光合成を促進する。 The effect | action of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 3 (A), when cultivated case portion 3, room temperature plant storage chamber 10 is less than the lower limit value T 0 of the predetermined set foster appropriate temperature range that is stored in the setting storage unit 26, the control unit 6, the first fan 1 is always operated, and the second fan 2 is controlled to be non-operating or intermittent operation. The intermittent operation of the second fan 2 is, for example, a state in which the second fan 2 is operated for 5 minutes in one hour and is stopped for other times. By operating the first fan 1, air is sent from the plant storage chamber 10 to the light source chamber 20, and mixes with the outside air from the outside air intake 7 and circulates in the light source chamber 20. The air flowing through the light source chamber 20 absorbs the heat generated by the irradiator 5 and rises in temperature. The air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 circulates from the light source chamber 20 to the plant storage chamber 10 without being discharged outside because the second fan 2 is not in operation (or intermittent operation). Thus, the state in which the air that has exited from the ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage room 10 is sucked into the ventilation suction port 19 of the plant storage room 10 through heating in the light source room 20 is referred to as a winter circulation operation state. In the winter circulation operation state, the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 gradually increases due to the heat of the irradiator 5. Moreover, by circulating air in the cultivation case part 3, an appropriate air flow is generated on the surface of the leaves of the plant P to promote photosynthesis.

次に、冬季循環運転状態下で植物収納室１０の室温が上昇して、設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１を超えた際、制御部６によって、第１ファン１と第２ファン２を常時稼働させるよう自動的に切換える。
図３（Ｂ）に示すように、第２ファン２が稼働することで、照射器５の発熱により加温された空気が、光源室２０から外部へ排出される。照射器５の発する熱が空気と共に外部へ放出される状態を、換気運転状態とし、換気運転状態下で、植物収納室１０の室温は、徐々に低下していく。そして、植物収納室１０の室温が下降して、設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０を再び下回った際、制御部６によって自動的に冬季循環運転状態に切り換えられ、植物収納室１０の室温が、植物Ｐの育成に適した設定育成適温域に維持されるよう構成されている。
なお、設定育成適温域は、具体的には、下限値Ｔ０が１０℃〜１５℃、上限値Ｔ１が２０℃〜２５℃に設定されるのが好ましい。設定記憶手段２６には、出荷時に設定育成適温域を予め記憶させておくも良く、操作部３３によって自由に設定育成適温域を入力・変更できるようにしても良い。 Next, when the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 rises in the winter circulation operation state and exceeds the upper limit value T 1 of the set appropriate temperature range, the control unit 6 always turns the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 on. Automatically switch to run.
As shown in FIG. 3 (B), when the second fan 2 is operated, the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 is discharged from the light source chamber 20 to the outside. The state in which the heat generated by the irradiator 5 is released to the outside together with air is defined as a ventilation operation state, and the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 gradually decreases under the ventilation operation state. Then, the room temperature is lowered in the plant storage chamber 10, when it falls below again lower limit value T 0 configuration foster appropriate temperature range, automatically switched in winter circulation operation state by the control unit 6 and climate plants containing chamber 10 The plant P is configured to be maintained in a set and suitable temperature range suitable for growing the plant P.
In addition, specifically, it is preferable that the lower limit value T 0 is set to 10 ° C. to 15 ° C. and the upper limit value T 1 is set to 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. The setting storage means 26 may store a set growth appropriate temperature range in advance at the time of shipment, or the operation unit 33 may freely input / change the set growth appropriate temperature range.

ここで、植物育成ユニット１５について、詳しく説明する。
図１と図２に示すように、植物育成ユニット１５は、栽培容器４に収容した液体肥料Ｌに植物Ｐを浸漬させて養分を供給しつつ、植物Ｐを保持している。
栽培ケース部３の植物収納室１０には、２個の植物育成ユニット１５，１５が収納されていて、各植物育成ユニット１５に相違する植物Ｐを栽培し、２種類の植物Ｐ，Ｐを同時に育てることができ、あるいは、２個の植物育成ユニット１５，１５で植物Ｐ，Ｐの収穫時期をずらして栽培することが可能である。 Here, the plant growing unit 15 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plant growing unit 15 holds the plant P while immersing the plant P in the liquid fertilizer L accommodated in the cultivation container 4 to supply nutrients.
Two plant growing units 15 and 15 are stored in the plant storage room 10 of the cultivation case unit 3, and plants P different from each plant growing unit 15 are cultivated, and two types of plants P and P are simultaneously used. It is possible to grow the plants, or the two plant growing units 15 and 15 can cultivate the plants P and P at different harvest times.

図４に示すように、栽培容器４は、液体肥料Ｌを収容するトレイ８と、トレイ８の開口部に施蓋されて植物Ｐを保持するパネル９とを、有している。
パネル９は、植物Ｐを差し込んで保持する栽培孔２１が複数形成されている。栽培孔２１には、植物Ｐ又は植物Ｐの種子を保持するための培地スポンジが差込まれ、植物Ｐが生長してくると、植物Ｐの根が液体肥料Ｌに浸漬されるよう構成されている。あるいは、栽培孔２１に、植物Ｐを直接差込んで、植物Ｐの根を液体肥料Ｌに浸漬しても良い。なお、パネル９は、液体肥料Ｌの残量を確認するフロート２３を有するも好ましく、また、トレイ８からパネル９を取り外す際のピックアップ用のツマミ２２が設けられても良い。 As shown in FIG. 4, the cultivation container 4 includes a tray 8 that stores the liquid fertilizer L, and a panel 9 that is covered by the opening of the tray 8 and holds the plant P.
The panel 9 has a plurality of cultivation holes 21 into which the plant P is inserted and held. In the cultivation hole 21, a medium sponge for holding the plant P or the seed of the plant P is inserted, and when the plant P grows, the root of the plant P is immersed in the liquid fertilizer L. Yes. Alternatively, the plant P may be directly inserted into the cultivation hole 21 and the root of the plant P may be immersed in the liquid fertilizer L. The panel 9 preferably has a float 23 for checking the remaining amount of the liquid fertilizer L, and a knob 22 for picking up when removing the panel 9 from the tray 8 may be provided.

図５に示すように、パネル９は、一端縁に、ヒンジによって揺動自在の帯状副蓋部２４を備え、副蓋部２４を起立させることで、トレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給するための注ぎ口１６が形成される。注ぎ口１６を開いた状態で、副蓋部２４が壁となり、液体肥料Ｌがこぼれにくいという利点がある。注ぎ口１６は、副蓋部２４を上下に揺動せることで開閉自在となっている。副蓋部２４は、開閉時に指で摘むための摘持部２４ａを有している。また、使用していない（植物Ｐが差し込まれていない）栽培孔２１を閉塞するためのキャップ部材２７，２７が着脱自在に設けられている。
植物収納室１０に照射される照射器５の光が、栽培孔２１や注ぎ口１６から入射して液体肥料Ｌに当ると、アオコの発生原因となる虞れがある。この為、アオコの発生を防止するために、液体肥料Ｌを補給する時以外は副蓋部２４を倒して注ぎ口１６を閉め、植物Ｐが差し込まれていない栽培孔２１を、キャップ部材２７によって閉塞しておく。なお、キャップ部材２７は、栽培孔２１に差込まれる差込部２７Ａと、差込部２７Ａの上端に連結された畝（うね）型の傘部２７Ｂとを、有し、キャップ部材２７を栽培孔２１に差し込んだ状態（図５参照）で、パネル９と傘部２７Ｂが、畑に畝が盛られたように見えるデザインに形成され、なおかつ、キャップ部材２７の取付・取外しの際、傘部２７Ｂの縁に指を掛け易い利点がある。
なお、パネル９の注ぎ口１６は、開閉式（稼働式）でなくても良く、単に、パネル９に液体肥料Ｌを注入するための孔部を追加するも好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 5, the panel 9 is provided with a band-shaped sub lid portion 24 that is swingable by a hinge at one end edge, and the sub lid portion 24 is raised to replenish the tray 8 with liquid fertilizer L. A spout 16 is formed. In the state where the spout 16 is opened, the sub lid portion 24 becomes a wall, and there is an advantage that the liquid fertilizer L is not easily spilled. The spout 16 can be opened and closed by swinging the sub lid 24 up and down. The sub lid part 24 has a gripping part 24a for picking with a finger when opening and closing. Moreover, cap members 27 and 27 for closing the cultivation hole 21 which is not used (the plant P is not inserted) are detachably provided.
If the light of the irradiator 5 irradiated to the plant storage room 10 enters from the cultivation hole 21 or the spout 16 and hits the liquid fertilizer L, there is a possibility that it may cause the occurrence of the water-bloom. For this reason, in order to prevent the occurrence of sea cucumber, except when replenishing the liquid fertilizer L, the sub lid portion 24 is tilted to close the spout 16 and the cultivation hole 21 into which the plant P is not inserted is removed by the cap member 27. Block it. In addition, the cap member 27 has the insertion part 27A inserted in the cultivation hole 21, and the ridge-shaped umbrella part 27B connected to the upper end of the insertion part 27A. When inserted into the cultivation hole 21 (see FIG. 5), the panel 9 and the umbrella portion 27B are formed in a design that looks as if the vines are piled up in the field, and when the cap member 27 is attached / detached, the umbrella There is an advantage that it is easy to put a finger on the edge of the portion 27B.
In addition, the spout 16 of the panel 9 may not be an open / close type (operation type), and it is also preferable to simply add a hole for injecting the liquid fertilizer L into the panel 9.

また、図２と図３に示すように、栽培容器４は、トレイ８内の液体肥料Ｌを循環させる循環ポンプ１７が付設されている。
循環ポンプ１７は、液体肥料Ｌを吸入・吐出して、植物Ｐの根に十分な酸素と養分の吸収を促す。
植物収納室１０の室温が、設定記憶手段２６に記憶させた設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１（２０℃〜２５℃）未満であれば、制御部６によって、循環ポンプ１７が常時稼働するように制御される。即ち、冬季には、循環ポンプ１７の稼働に伴って発生する熱が、植物収納室１０の室温の維持に利用されるよう構成されている。
また、設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１より少し高温のポンプ稼働調整温度Ｔ２（具体的には、２５℃〜３０℃）を設定し、このポンプ稼働調整温度Ｔ２を超えた際、制御部６によって、循環ポンプ１７を間欠稼働に切換える。循環ポンプ１７の間欠稼働とは、例えば、１時間の内、１５分間ポンプが稼働し、それ以外の時間は停止している状態とする。つまり、気温の上昇する夏季には、循環ポンプ１７の熱により植物収納室１０の室温が上昇しすぎるのを防止する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cultivation container 4 is provided with a circulation pump 17 that circulates the liquid fertilizer L in the tray 8.
The circulation pump 17 sucks and discharges the liquid fertilizer L and promotes absorption of sufficient oxygen and nutrients into the roots of the plant P.
If the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 is less than the upper limit value T 1 (20 ° C. to 25 ° C.) of the set appropriate temperature range stored in the setting storage means 26, the control unit 6 causes the circulation pump 17 to always operate. Controlled. That is, in the winter season, the heat generated with the operation of the circulation pump 17 is used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room 10.
In addition, a pump operation adjustment temperature T 2 (specifically, 25 ° C. to 30 ° C.) slightly higher than the upper limit value T 1 of the set appropriate growth temperature range is set, and when this pump operation adjustment temperature T 2 is exceeded, control is performed. The circulation pump 17 is switched to intermittent operation by the unit 6. The intermittent operation of the circulation pump 17 is, for example, a state in which the pump is operated for 15 minutes in one hour and is stopped for other times. That is, in summer when the temperature rises, the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 is prevented from rising too much due to the heat of the circulation pump 17.

図１に於て、栽培ケース部３の前面に設けた異常報知点灯部３１は、通常（正常動作時）は緑色又は青色に点灯しているが、植物収納室１０の室温が、４０℃を超えた際、あるいは、−１０℃を下回った際、制御部６は、栽培ケース部３の前面の異常報知点灯部３１を赤く点滅させて、使用者に植物収納室１０の室温が異常上昇している事、あるいは、異常降下している事を報知するよう構成されている。
また、循環ポンプ１７は、液体肥料Ｌの液量が減少したのを検出する液量検出センサーを有しており、液体肥料Ｌの液量が過少となって不足している際にも、異常報知点灯部３１を赤く点滅させるよう構成されている。 In FIG. 1, the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 provided on the front surface of the cultivation case unit 3 is normally lit in green or blue (during normal operation), but the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 is 40 ° C. When it exceeds or falls below −10 ° C., the control unit 6 causes the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 on the front surface of the cultivation case unit 3 to blink in red, causing the user to abnormally increase the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. It is configured to notify that it is falling or abnormally descending.
Further, the circulation pump 17 has a liquid amount detection sensor that detects that the liquid amount of the liquid fertilizer L has decreased, and even when the liquid amount of the liquid fertilizer L is too small and insufficient, The notification lighting unit 31 is configured to blink red.

図１に示す栽培ケース部３の観音開き式の扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂは、ヒンジによって揺動自在に取付けられ、上端に設けた把持部３４，３４を手前側に引くことにより、ヒンジを中心として弧を描くようにして開く。なお、図６に示すように、扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂは、閉めた際、合わせ目３９からの虫や埃の侵入を防止するため、肉厚が約１／２倍の薄肉部３７，３８が相互に重ね合わさるように形成されていても良い。   The double doors 13A and 13B of the cultivation case portion 3 shown in FIG. 1 are swingably attached by a hinge, and an arc is formed around the hinge by pulling the grip portions 34 and 34 provided at the upper end toward the front side. Open as you draw. As shown in FIG. 6, when the doors 13A and 13B are closed, the thin portions 37 and 38 having a wall thickness of about 1/2 are mutually connected to prevent insects and dust from entering from the joint 39. It may be formed so as to overlap.

栽培ケース部３は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を保護するためのファンカバー３５，３６を有している。ファンカバー３５，３６は、空気を通すためのスリットが多数形成されており、栽培ケース部３の外壁１２・区画内壁１１と面一状に形成されている。ファンカバー３５，３６に取手を設けて、栽培ケース部３の持ち運びを容易とするも好ましい。また、外気取込口７には、着脱自在のフィルターが設けられており、このフィルターによって、栽培ケース部３に、外部から埃が入るのを防止している（図示省略）。   The cultivation case unit 3 has fan covers 35 and 36 for protecting the first fan 1 and the second fan 2. The fan covers 35 and 36 are formed with many slits for allowing air to pass therethrough, and are formed flush with the outer wall 12 and the inner wall 11 of the cultivation case portion 3. It is also preferable to provide a handle on the fan covers 35 and 36 to facilitate carrying of the cultivation case part 3. In addition, a detachable filter is provided in the outside air intake port 7, and this filter prevents dust from entering the cultivation case unit 3 from the outside (not shown).

なお、本発明は、設計変更可能であって、例えば、栽培ケース部３の形状、サイズ等は自由に変更できる。また、図示省略するが、植物収納室１０に収納される植物育成ユニット１５，１５の間に、透明な間仕切り板を配設しても良い。間仕切り板は、風の流れを遮らないようにスリットが形成される。植物育成ユニット１５，１５に違う種類の植物Ｐを育てる場合や、収穫時期をずらして栽培する場合に、一方の生長の早い植物Ｐが、隣の植物育成ユニット１５まで伸びて、他方の植物Ｐへの光を遮って生長を妨げるのを防止する目的で、間仕切り板が設置される。   In addition, this invention can change design, for example, the shape, size, etc. of the cultivation case part 3 can be changed freely. Although not shown, a transparent partition plate may be disposed between the plant growing units 15 and 15 stored in the plant storage chamber 10. The partition plate is formed with a slit so as not to block the flow of wind. When growing different types of plants P in the plant growing units 15, 15, or when cultivating the plants at different harvest times, one fast growing plant P extends to the adjacent plant growing unit 15 and the other plant P A partition plate is installed for the purpose of preventing light from being blocked and preventing growth.

以上のように、本発明に係る水耕栽培装置は、屋内で植物Ｐを育成可能な家庭用の水耕栽培装置であって、栽培容器４に植物Ｐを保持させる植物育成ユニット１５，１５が収納される植物収納室１０と、該植物収納室１０内の上記植物Ｐに光を照射する照射器５を設けた光源室２０とを、区画形成する区画内壁１１を有する栽培ケース部３を備え、該栽培ケース部３は、上記植物収納室１０から上記光源室２０へ空気を送る植物収納室換気用の第１ファン１と、上記光源室２０から外部へ空気を排出する光源室換気用の第２ファン２とを、有し、かつ、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を独立して制御可能な制御部６を備え、上記第１ファン１を常時稼働させ、かつ、上記第２ファン２を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として、上記光源室２０で上記照射器５の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室２０から上記植物収納室１０に環流させる冬季循環運転状態と、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を常時稼働させて、上記光源室２０で上記照射器５の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室２０から外部へ排出する換気運転状態に、上記制御部６によって切換自在とし、上記植物収納室１０が、植物Ｐの育成に適した室温に維持されるよう構成されているので、気温が低下する冬季に、植物収納室１０の室温が低くなるのを簡便に防止して、植物Ｐが育ちやすい環境を保つことができる。照射器５によって、植物Ｐの光合成に必要な光を植物収納室１０に向けて照射すると共に、照射器５から発生する熱を、植物収納室１０の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。冬季循環運転状態で、栽培ケース部３内の空気の循環により植物収納室１０の室温を調整でき、保温カバーを被せる必要がなく、外観上の美観を保つことができる。保温カバーを着脱させる等の使用者の手間が省けて、至便である。構造が簡素で、安価かつ容易に製造できる。植物収納室内の室温の調整と空気の送風を両立できる。   As described above, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of growing the plant P indoors, and the plant growing units 15 and 15 that hold the plant P in the cultivation container 4 are provided. A cultivation case portion 3 having a partition inner wall 11 for partitioning a plant storage chamber 10 to be stored and a light source chamber 20 provided with an irradiator 5 for irradiating light to the plant P in the plant storage chamber 10 is provided. The cultivation case unit 3 includes a first fan 1 for ventilating a plant storage chamber that sends air from the plant storage chamber 10 to the light source chamber 20, and a light source chamber ventilation that exhausts air from the light source chamber 20 to the outside. A control unit 6 having a second fan 2 and capable of controlling the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 independently, the first fan 1 is always operated, and the second fan 2 is provided. The fan 2 is not operated or intermittently operated, and the illumination is performed in the light source chamber 20. A winter circulation operation state in which air heated by heat generated in the vessel 5 is circulated from the light source chamber 20 to the plant storage chamber 10, and the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 are always operated, and the light source chamber 20, the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 can be switched to the ventilation operation state in which the air is discharged from the light source chamber 20 to the outside by the control unit 6, and the plant storage chamber 10 grows the plant P. Since it is comprised so that it may be maintained at the room temperature suitable for temperature, it can prevent easily that the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 becomes low in the winter when temperature falls, and can maintain the environment where the plant P is easy to grow. . Using the irradiator 5 to irradiate the plant storage room 10 with light necessary for photosynthesis of the plant P, and to effectively use the heat generated from the irradiator 5 to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. Can avoid excessive power consumption and keep costs low. In the winter circulation operation state, the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 can be adjusted by the circulation of air in the cultivation case part 3, and it is not necessary to cover the heat insulation cover, and the appearance can be maintained. It is convenient because it saves the user troubles such as attaching and detaching the heat insulation cover. It has a simple structure and can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. It is possible to achieve both adjustment of the room temperature in the plant storage room and air blowing.

また、上記植物収納室１０の室温を検出する温度検出手段２５と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段２６とを、備え、上記植物収納室１０の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０未満であれば、上記制御部６によって、上記第１ファン１を常時稼働させつつ上記第２ファン２を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として上記冬季循環運転状態とし、上記植物収納室１０の室温が上昇して上記設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１を超えている状態では、上記制御部６によって、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を常時稼働させて、上記換気運転状態に切換えるよう構成されているので、植物収納室１０の室温を、設定育成適温域の温度範囲に確実にコントロールすることができ、植物Ｐの育成に最適な環境を保つことができる。冬季循環運転状態と換気運転状態の切換えを、制御部６によって、自動で行うことができ、植物収納室１０の室温を常に監視しておく手間が省けて、使用者の負担を軽減でき、植物Ｐを枯らさずに、順調に育成できて、新鮮な野菜（植物Ｐ）を家庭に供給できる。 Moreover, the temperature detection means 25 which detects the room temperature of the said plant storage chamber 10 and the setting memory | storage means 26 which memorize | stores a predetermined setting cultivation suitable temperature range are provided, and the room temperature of the said plant storage chamber 10 is the said setting cultivation suitable temperature range. If it is less than the lower limit value T 0 , the control unit 6 makes the second fan 2 non-operating or intermittent operation while the first fan 1 is always operated, and is in the winter circulation operation state. in a state where the room temperature exceeds the upper limit value T 1 of the above setting foster appropriate temperature range increased, by the control unit 6, the first to operate the fan 1, the second fan 2 at all times, in the ventilation operating state Since it is configured to switch, the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 can be reliably controlled within the temperature range of the set appropriate growth temperature range, and an optimum environment for growing the plant P can be maintained. Switching between the winter circulation operation state and the ventilation operation state can be automatically performed by the control unit 6, and it is possible to reduce the burden on the user by eliminating the trouble of constantly monitoring the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. It can grow smoothly without withering P, and fresh vegetables (plant P) can be supplied to the home.

また、上記栽培容器４は、液体肥料Ｌを収容するトレイ８と、該トレイ８の開口部に施蓋されて植物Ｐを保持するパネル９とを、有し、該パネル９は、上記トレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給するための注ぎ口１６を有しているので、パネル９に植物Ｐを保持させたままで、容易にトレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給することができる。   The cultivation container 4 includes a tray 8 for storing the liquid fertilizer L, and a panel 9 that covers the opening of the tray 8 and holds the plant P. The panel 9 includes the tray 8. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer L can be easily replenished to the tray 8 while the plant P is held on the panel 9.

また、上記栽培容器４は、上記トレイ８内の液体肥料Ｌを循環させる循環ポンプ１７が付設され、上記植物収納室１０の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１未満であれば、上記循環ポンプ１７が常時稼働するように制御され、上記循環ポンプ１７の発熱によって、上記植物収納室１０の室温が維持されるよう構成されているので、循環ポンプ１７によって、植物Ｐの酸素と養分の吸収を促すと共に、循環ポンプ１７から発生する熱を、植物収納室１０の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。 Moreover, the cultivation container 4, a circulation pump 17 for circulating the liquid manure L in the tray 8 is attached, at room temperature of the vegetable storage chamber 10, is less than the upper limit value T 1 of the above setting foster an appropriate temperature region, Since the circulation pump 17 is controlled so as to be always operated and the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 is maintained by the heat generated by the circulation pump 17, the oxygen and nutrients of the plant P are obtained by the circulation pump 17. The heat generated from the circulation pump 17 can be effectively used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10, and unnecessary power consumption can be avoided and the cost can be kept low.

１ 第１ファン
２ 第２ファン
３ 栽培ケース部
４ 栽培容器
５ 照射器
６ 制御部
８ トレイ
９ パネル
１０ 植物収納室
１１ 区画内壁
１５ 植物育成ユニット
１６ 注ぎ口
１７ 循環ポンプ
２０ 光源室
２５ 温度検出手段
２６ 設定記憶手段
Ｐ 植物
Ｔ０ 設定育成適温域の下限値
Ｔ１ 設定育成適温域の上限値
Ｌ 液体肥料 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st fan 2 2nd fan 3 Cultivation case part 4 Cultivation container 5 Irradiator 6 Control part 8 Tray 9 Panel 10 Plant storage room 11 Compartment inner wall 15 Plant growth unit 16 Spout 17 Circulation pump 20 Light source room 25 Temperature detection means 26 Setting storage means P Plant T 0 Lower limit value of appropriate temperature range for growth T 1 Upper limit value of appropriate temperature range for growth 1 L Liquid fertilizer

本発明は、水耕栽培装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

従来、屋内で、土を使わずに葉物野菜やハーブ類等の植物を栽培することができる家庭用の水耕栽培装置が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, a domestic hydroponics device that can grow plants such as leafy vegetables and herbs indoors without using soil has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

特開２０１５−６５８５５号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-65855

特許文献１記載の水耕栽培装置で栽培される植物、例えば、葉物野菜は、その種類によって、育成に適した温度条件が異なるため、植物収納室内の温度が、育成する葉物野菜にとって最適な温度域を外れると、葉物野菜がうまく育たないことがあった。植物収納室の室温が上昇し過ぎた際の対策としては、換気を行って外気を取り込むことにより室温を下げることが効果的であるが、特に冬季に於て、植物収納室の室温が下がり過ぎた際には、電気ヒーターにより加温するか、又は、水耕栽培装置全体を保温カバーで覆うことで、植物収納室の温度調整が行われていた。
しかし、電気ヒーターは消費電力が大きく、また、保温カバーで覆う方法は、温度調整の為に保温カバーを付けたり外したりするのに非常に手間が掛かり面倒で、しかも、保温カバーを付けた状態では水耕栽培装置の美観が損なわれるという問題があった。また、植物を育成し易い好適な環境を保つ為に、植物育成室内には、常時空気の流れを作っておく必要があった。 Plants cultivated by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1, for example, leafy vegetables have different temperature conditions suitable for growing depending on their types, so the temperature in the plant storage room is optimal for growing leafy vegetables When the temperature range is exceeded, leafy vegetables may not grow well. As a countermeasure when the room temperature of the plant storage room rises too much, it is effective to lower the room temperature by ventilating and taking in outside air, but especially in winter, the room temperature of the plant storage room is too low. In this case, the temperature of the plant storage room has been adjusted by heating with an electric heater or by covering the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus with a heat insulating cover.
However, the electric heater consumes a large amount of power, and the method of covering with a heat insulating cover is very troublesome and troublesome to attach and remove the heat insulating cover for temperature adjustment, and the heat insulating cover is attached. Then, there was a problem that the aesthetics of the hydroponic cultivation device was impaired. Moreover, in order to maintain a suitable environment in which plants are easily grown, it is necessary to always create an air flow in the plant growing room.

そこで、本発明は、植物収納室を、簡便に、最適な室温に維持でき、植物を育成し易い好適な環境を保つことができる水耕栽培装置を提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can maintain a suitable environment which can maintain a plant storage room simply and optimal room temperature, and is easy to grow a plant.

本発明に係る水耕栽培装置は、屋内で植物を育成可能な家庭用の水耕栽培装置であって、栽培容器に植物を保持させる植物育成ユニットが収納される植物収納室と、該植物収納室内の上記植物に光を照射する照射器を設けた光源室とを、区画形成する区画内壁を外壁の内部に有する栽培ケース部を備え、該栽培ケース部は、上記植物収納室から上記光源室へ空気を送るために上記区画内壁に取着された植物収納室換気用の第１ファンと、上記光源室から外部へ空気を排出するために外壁に取着された光源室換気用の第２ファンとを、有し、かつ、上記第１ファン・第２ファンを独立して制御可能なファン制御手段と、上記植物収納室の室温を検出する温度検出手段と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段とを、有する制御部を、備え、上記植物収納室の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の下限値未満であれば、上記制御部によって、上記第１ファンを常時稼働させつつ上記第２ファンを非稼働乃至間欠稼働として、上記光源室で上記照射器の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室から上記植物収納室に環流させる冬季循環運転状態とし、上記植物収納室の室温が上昇して上記設定育成適温域の上限値を超えている状態では、上記制御部によって、上記第１ファン・第２ファンを常時稼働させて、上記光源室で上記照射器の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室から外部へ排出する換気運転状態とし、上記冬季循環運転状態と上記換気運転状態に、切換えて上記植物収納室が、植物の育成に適した室温に維持されるよう構成され、上記栽培容器内の液体肥料を循環させる循環ポンプが上記栽培容器に付設され、該循環ポンプをポンプ制御手段にて制御して、上記循環ポンプの発熱を、上記植物収納室の室温の維持に利用するよう構成されているものである。 The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can grow plants indoors, and includes a plant storage room in which a plant growing unit that holds plants in a cultivation container is stored, and the plant storage A light source chamber provided with an irradiator for irradiating light to the plant in the room, and a cultivation case portion having a partition inner wall inside the outer wall to form a partition, the cultivation case portion from the plant storage chamber to the light source chamber A first fan for plant storage room ventilation attached to the inner wall of the compartment for sending air to the second wall, and a second fan for light source room ventilation attached to the outer wall for discharging air from the light source room to the outside. A fan control means capable of independently controlling the first fan and the second fan, a temperature detection means for detecting the room temperature of the plant storage room, and a predetermined set appropriate growth temperature range a setting storing means for storing, the control unit having, Bei , At room temperature of the vegetable storage chamber, is less than the lower limit value of the set development appropriate temperature region, by the control unit, while always on the first fan and the second fan as a non-working or intermittent operation, the light source The air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator in the room is circulated from the light source room to the plant storage room in the winter circulation operation state, the room temperature of the plant storage room rises, and the upper limit of the set appropriate growth temperature range In the state exceeding the value, the control unit always operates the first fan and the second fan, and the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator in the light source chamber is transferred from the light source chamber to the outside. It is configured to be in a ventilated operation state to be discharged , and switched to the winter circulation operation state and the ventilation operation state so that the plant storage room is maintained at a room temperature suitable for plant growth, and the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation container is Circulate Circulating pump is attached to the culture vessel, by controlling the circulation pump in the pump control means, the heat generation of the circulating pump, in which are configured to use in maintaining room temperature of the vegetable storage chamber.

本発明の水耕栽培装置によれば、気温が低下する冬季に、簡便に、植物収納室の室温が低くなるのを防止して、植物が育ちやすい環境を保つことができる。照射器によって、植物の光合成に必要な光を植物収納室に向けて照射すると共に、照射器から発生する熱を、植物収納室の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。冬季の室温調整の為に保温カバーを被せる必要がなく、外観上の美観を保つことができる。保温カバーを着脱させる等の使用者の手間が省けて、至便である。構造が簡素で、安価かつ容易に製造できる。植物収納室内の室温の調整と空気の送風を両立できる。   According to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily prevent the room temperature of the plant storage room from being lowered in winter when the temperature is lowered, and to maintain an environment in which plants are easily grown. The irradiator irradiates the plant storage room with light necessary for plant photosynthesis, and the heat generated from the irradiator can be effectively used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room. Power consumption can be avoided and costs can be kept low. There is no need to put on a heat insulation cover to adjust the room temperature in winter, and the appearance can be maintained. It is convenient because it saves the user troubles such as attaching and detaching the heat insulation cover. It has a simple structure and can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. It is possible to achieve both adjustment of the room temperature in the plant storage room and air blowing.

本発明の実施の一形態を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の一形態を示した簡略な断面正面図である。It is the simple section front view showing one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の水耕栽培装置の作用を説明する断面正面図であり、（Ａ）は冬季循環運転状態の断面正面図であり、（Ｂ）は換気運転状態の断面正面図である。It is a cross-sectional front view explaining the effect | action of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of this invention, (A) is a cross-sectional front view of a winter circulation operation state, (B) is a cross-sectional front view of a ventilation operation state. 栽培容器を示す分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a cultivation container. 栽培容器を示す要部拡大斜視図である。It is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows a cultivation container. 扉の合わせ目を示す要部断面平面図である。It is a principal part sectional top view which shows the joint of a door.

以下、実施の形態を示す図面に基づき本発明を詳説する。
図１に示すように、本発明の水耕栽培装置は、屋内で使用され、土を使わずに葉物野菜やハーブ類等の植物Ｐを育成する家庭用の水耕栽培装置である。水耕栽培装置で育成される植物Ｐは、例えば、リーフレタス、小松菜、春菊、水菜、ルッコラ、ベビーリーフ等の葉物野菜、あるいは、バジルやパセリ等のハーブ類であり、これらの植物Ｐが栽培ケース部３に収納されている。
栽培ケース部３は、前面に、大半が透明な部材３０で形成された観音開き式の扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂを備え、扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂを閉めた状態でも、外部から植物収納室１０の植物Ｐを観察することができる。栽培ケース部３の前面上部には、主電源スイッチ兼用の異常報知点灯部３１と、現在時刻や植物収納室１０の室温等を表示するための表示部３２と、表示部３２の表示を切り換えたり育成環境の設定を変更したりするための操作部３３とが、設けられている。栽培ケース部３は、背面や側壁面が局部的に透明な部材３０で形成されても良い。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus that is used indoors and grows plants P such as leafy vegetables and herbs without using soil. Plants P grown in hydroponic cultivation equipment are leafy vegetables such as leaf lettuce, Japanese mustard spinach, spring chrysanthemum, mizuna, arugula, baby leaf, or herbs such as basil and parsley. It is stored in the cultivation case part 3.
The cultivation case part 3 is provided with front doors 13A and 13B formed mostly of transparent members 30 on the front surface, and the plant P in the plant storage room 10 is observed from the outside even when the doors 13A and 13B are closed. can do. On the front upper part of the cultivation case section 3, an abnormality notification lighting section 31 that also serves as a main power switch, a display section 32 for displaying the current time and the room temperature of the plant storage room 10, and the display of the display section 32 are switched. An operation unit 33 for changing the setting of the training environment is provided. The cultivation case unit 3 may be formed of a member 30 whose back surface or side wall surface is locally transparent.

図１と図２に示すように、栽培ケース部３は、直方体状の外壁１２と、外壁１２内面に設けられた区画内壁１１とを、有し、局部的な２重壁構造に形成されている。
栽培ケース部３は、区画内壁１１によって、栽培容器４に植物Ｐを保持させた植物育成ユニット１５，１５を２個以上収納可能な植物収納室１０と、植物収納室１０の上方（天井）から光を照射する照射器５を設けた光源室２０とが、区画形成されている。
区画内壁１１は、植物収納室１０の天井を形成する（光透過性の）透明壁部１１Ａと、外壁１２の側壁１２Ｂ，１２Ｂ内面に連結された連結壁部１１Ｂ，１１Ｂとを、有している。連結壁部１１Ｂ，１１Ｂには、後述の第１ファン１が取着される植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８と、植物収納室１０の換気吸入口１９が形成されている。
外壁１２の側壁１２Ｂ，１２Ｂには、光源室２０に連通する外気取込口７と、後述の第２ファン２が取着される排気口１４が形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation case portion 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped outer wall 12 and a partition inner wall 11 provided on the inner surface of the outer wall 12, and is formed in a local double wall structure. Yes.
The cultivation case unit 3 includes a plant storage room 10 that can store two or more plant growth units 15 and 15 each having a plant P held in the cultivation container 4 by a partition inner wall 11, and an upper side (ceiling) of the plant storage room 10. A light source chamber 20 provided with an irradiator 5 for irradiating light is partitioned.
The partition inner wall 11 includes a transparent wall portion 11A (light transmissive) that forms the ceiling of the plant storage chamber 10, and connection wall portions 11B and 11B connected to the inner surfaces of the side walls 12B and 12B of the outer wall 12. Yes. The connection wall portions 11B and 11B are formed with a ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage chamber 10 and a ventilation suction port 19 of the plant storage chamber 10 to which a first fan 1 described later is attached.
On the side walls 12B and 12B of the outer wall 12, an outside air intake port 7 communicating with the light source chamber 20 and an exhaust port 14 to which a second fan 2 described later is attached are formed.

照射器５は、ＬＥＤ５Ａと基板５Ｂから成り、光源室２０の天井面（外壁１２の天井面）に複数個（図例では３個）並べて配設されている。照射器５は、ＬＥＤ５Ａ各個が太陽光に近い波長の光を照射して、屋外に近似した日照条件で植物収納室１０の植物Ｐに光合成をさせ、植物Ｐの生長を促すよう構成されている。照射器５は、１日２４時間の内、例えば、１６時間点灯して８時間消灯するように設定される。なお、照射器５は、ＬＥＤ以外の光源（例えば、蛍光灯など）を用いても良い。   The irradiator 5 includes an LED 5A and a substrate 5B, and a plurality (three in the illustrated example) are arranged on the ceiling surface of the light source chamber 20 (the ceiling surface of the outer wall 12). The irradiator 5 is configured such that each LED 5A irradiates light having a wavelength close to sunlight, causes the plant P in the plant storage room 10 to perform photosynthesis under sunlight conditions approximate to the outdoors, and promotes the growth of the plant P. . The irradiator 5 is set to be lit for 16 hours and extinguished for 8 hours, for example, within 24 hours a day. The irradiator 5 may use a light source (for example, a fluorescent lamp) other than the LED.

栽培ケース部３は、植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８に取着された第１ファン１と、排気口１４に取着された第２ファン２とを、有している。
また、栽培ケース部３は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を独立して制御可能な制御部６を備えている。
制御部６は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を制御するファン制御手段と、照射器５を制御する光制御手段と、後述の循環ポンプ１７を制御するポンプ制御手段とを、備え、さらに、異常報知点灯部３１の点灯状態及び色を制御する報知制御手段と、表示部３２を制御する表示制御手段とを、備えている。また、植物収納室１０の室温を検出する温度検出手段２５と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段２６とを、備えている。 The cultivation case unit 3 has the first fan 1 attached to the ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage room 10 and the second fan 2 attached to the exhaust port 14.
Moreover, the cultivation case part 3 is provided with the control part 6 which can control the 1st fan 1 and the 2nd fan 2 independently.
The control unit 6 includes fan control means for controlling the first fan 1 and the second fan 2, light control means for controlling the irradiator 5, and pump control means for controlling a circulation pump 17 to be described later. In addition, a notification control unit that controls the lighting state and color of the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 and a display control unit that controls the display unit 32 are provided. Moreover, the temperature detection means 25 which detects the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10, and the setting memory | storage means 26 which memorize | stores a predetermined setting cultivation suitable temperature range are provided.

本発明の水耕栽培装置の作用について説明する。
図３（Ａ）に示すように、栽培ケース部３は、植物収納室１０の室温が、設定記憶手段２６に記憶させた所定の設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０未満である際、制御部６によって、第１ファン１を常時稼働させ、かつ、第２ファン２が非稼働乃至間欠稼働に制御される。第２ファン２の間欠稼働とは、例えば、１時間の内、５分間だけ稼働し、それ以外の時間は停止している状態とする。第１ファン１が稼働することで、植物収納室１０から光源室２０に空気が送られ、外気取込口７からの外気と混ざり合って光源室２０内を流通する。光源室２０を流れる空気が、照射器５の発する熱を吸収して、温度上昇する。照射器５の発熱により加温された空気は、第２ファン２が非稼働（又は間欠稼働）であるため、外部に排出されずに、光源室２０から植物収納室１０に環流する。このように、植物収納室１０の換気吸出口１８から出た空気が、光源室２０での加温を経て、植物収納室１０の換気吸入口１９に吸い込まれる状態を、冬季循環運転状態とし、冬季循環運転状態では、植物収納室１０の室温が、照射器５の熱によって、次第に上昇する。また、栽培ケース部３内で空気を循環させることで、植物Ｐの葉の表面に適度な空気の流れを発生させて、光合成を促進する。 The effect | action of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 3 (A), when cultivated case portion 3, room temperature plant storage chamber 10 is less than the lower limit value T 0 of the predetermined set foster appropriate temperature range that is stored in the setting storage unit 26, the control unit 6, the first fan 1 is always operated, and the second fan 2 is controlled to be non-operating or intermittent operation. The intermittent operation of the second fan 2 is, for example, a state in which the second fan 2 is operated for 5 minutes in one hour and is stopped for other times. By operating the first fan 1, air is sent from the plant storage chamber 10 to the light source chamber 20, and mixes with the outside air from the outside air intake 7 and circulates in the light source chamber 20. The air flowing through the light source chamber 20 absorbs the heat generated by the irradiator 5 and rises in temperature. The air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 circulates from the light source chamber 20 to the plant storage chamber 10 without being discharged outside because the second fan 2 is not in operation (or intermittent operation). Thus, the state in which the air that has exited from the ventilation suction port 18 of the plant storage room 10 is sucked into the ventilation suction port 19 of the plant storage room 10 through heating in the light source room 20 is referred to as a winter circulation operation state. In the winter circulation operation state, the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 gradually increases due to the heat of the irradiator 5. Moreover, by circulating air in the cultivation case part 3, an appropriate air flow is generated on the surface of the leaves of the plant P to promote photosynthesis.

次に、冬季循環運転状態下で植物収納室１０の室温が上昇して、設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１を超えた際、制御部６によって、第１ファン１と第２ファン２を常時稼働させるよう自動的に切換える。
図３（Ｂ）に示すように、第２ファン２が稼働することで、照射器５の発熱により加温された空気が、光源室２０から外部へ排出される。照射器５の発する熱が空気と共に外部へ放出される状態を、換気運転状態とし、換気運転状態下で、植物収納室１０の室温は、徐々に低下していく。そして、植物収納室１０の室温が下降して、設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０を再び下回った際、制御部６によって自動的に冬季循環運転状態に切り換えられ、植物収納室１０の室温が、植物Ｐの育成に適した設定育成適温域に維持されるよう構成されている。
なお、設定育成適温域は、具体的には、下限値Ｔ０が１０℃〜１５℃、上限値Ｔ１が２０℃〜２５℃に設定されるのが好ましい。設定記憶手段２６には、出荷時に設定育成適温域を予め記憶させておくも良く、操作部３３によって自由に設定育成適温域を入力・変更できるようにしても良い。 Next, when the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 rises in the winter circulation operation state and exceeds the upper limit value T 1 of the set appropriate temperature range, the control unit 6 always turns the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 on. Automatically switch to run.
As shown in FIG. 3 (B), when the second fan 2 is operated, the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 is discharged from the light source chamber 20 to the outside. The state in which the heat generated by the irradiator 5 is released to the outside together with air is defined as a ventilation operation state, and the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 gradually decreases under the ventilation operation state. Then, the room temperature is lowered in the plant storage chamber 10, when it falls below again lower limit value T 0 configuration foster appropriate temperature range, automatically switched in winter circulation operation state by the control unit 6 and climate plants containing chamber 10 The plant P is configured to be maintained in a set and suitable temperature range suitable for growing the plant P.
In addition, specifically, it is preferable that the lower limit value T 0 is set to 10 ° C. to 15 ° C. and the upper limit value T 1 is set to 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. The setting storage means 26 may store a set growth appropriate temperature range in advance at the time of shipment, or the operation unit 33 may freely input / change the set growth appropriate temperature range.

ここで、植物育成ユニット１５について、詳しく説明する。
図１と図２に示すように、植物育成ユニット１５は、栽培容器４に収容した液体肥料Ｌに植物Ｐを浸漬させて養分を供給しつつ、植物Ｐを保持している。
栽培ケース部３の植物収納室１０には、２個の植物育成ユニット１５，１５が収納されていて、各植物育成ユニット１５に相違する植物Ｐを栽培し、２種類の植物Ｐ，Ｐを同時に育てることができ、あるいは、２個の植物育成ユニット１５，１５で植物Ｐ，Ｐの収穫時期をずらして栽培することが可能である。 Here, the plant growing unit 15 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plant growing unit 15 holds the plant P while immersing the plant P in the liquid fertilizer L accommodated in the cultivation container 4 to supply nutrients.
Two plant growing units 15 and 15 are stored in the plant storage room 10 of the cultivation case unit 3, and plants P different from each plant growing unit 15 are cultivated, and two types of plants P and P are simultaneously used. It is possible to grow the plants, or the two plant growing units 15 and 15 can cultivate the plants P and P at different harvest times.

図４に示すように、栽培容器４は、液体肥料Ｌを収容するトレイ８と、トレイ８の開口部に施蓋されて植物Ｐを保持するパネル９とを、有している。
パネル９は、植物Ｐを差し込んで保持する栽培孔２１が複数形成されている。栽培孔２１には、植物Ｐ又は植物Ｐの種子を保持するための培地スポンジが差込まれ、植物Ｐが生長してくると、植物Ｐの根が液体肥料Ｌに浸漬されるよう構成されている。あるいは、栽培孔２１に、植物Ｐを直接差込んで、植物Ｐの根を液体肥料Ｌに浸漬しても良い。なお、パネル９は、液体肥料Ｌの残量を確認するフロート２３を有するも好ましく、また、トレイ８からパネル９を取り外す際のピックアップ用のツマミ２２が設けられても良い。 As shown in FIG. 4, the cultivation container 4 includes a tray 8 that stores the liquid fertilizer L, and a panel 9 that is covered by the opening of the tray 8 and holds the plant P.
The panel 9 has a plurality of cultivation holes 21 into which the plant P is inserted and held. In the cultivation hole 21, a medium sponge for holding the plant P or the seed of the plant P is inserted, and when the plant P grows, the root of the plant P is immersed in the liquid fertilizer L. Yes. Alternatively, the plant P may be directly inserted into the cultivation hole 21 and the root of the plant P may be immersed in the liquid fertilizer L. The panel 9 preferably has a float 23 for checking the remaining amount of the liquid fertilizer L, and a knob 22 for picking up when removing the panel 9 from the tray 8 may be provided.

図５に示すように、パネル９は、一端縁に、ヒンジによって揺動自在の帯状副蓋部２４を備え、副蓋部２４を起立させることで、トレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給するための注ぎ口１６が形成される。注ぎ口１６を開いた状態で、副蓋部２４が壁となり、液体肥料Ｌがこぼれにくいという利点がある。注ぎ口１６は、副蓋部２４を上下に揺動することで開閉自在となっている。副蓋部２４は、開閉時に指で摘むための摘持部２４ａを有している。また、使用していない（植物Ｐが差し込まれていない）栽培孔２１を閉塞するためのキャップ部材２７，２７が着脱自在に設けられている。
植物収納室１０に照射される照射器５の光が、栽培孔２１や注ぎ口１６から入射して液体肥料Ｌに当ると、アオコの発生原因となる虞れがある。この為、アオコの発生を防止するために、液体肥料Ｌを補給する時以外は副蓋部２４を倒して注ぎ口１６を閉め、植物Ｐが差し込まれていない栽培孔２１を、キャップ部材２７によって閉塞しておく。なお、キャップ部材２７は、栽培孔２１に差込まれる差込部２７Ａと、差込部２７Ａの上端に連結された畝（うね）型の傘部２７Ｂとを、有し、キャップ部材２７を栽培孔２１に差し込んだ状態（図５参照）で、パネル９と傘部２７Ｂが、畑に畝が盛られたように見えるデザインに形成され、なおかつ、キャップ部材２７の取付・取外しの際、傘部２７Ｂの縁に指を掛け易い利点がある。
なお、パネル９の注ぎ口１６は、開閉式（稼働式）でなくても良く、単に、パネル９に液体肥料Ｌを注入するための孔部を追加するも好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 5, the panel 9 is provided with a band-shaped sub lid portion 24 that is swingable by a hinge at one end edge, and the sub lid portion 24 is raised to replenish the tray 8 with liquid fertilizer L. A spout 16 is formed. In the state where the spout 16 is opened, the sub lid portion 24 becomes a wall, and there is an advantage that the liquid fertilizer L is not easily spilled. The spout 16 can be opened and closed by swinging the sub lid portion 24 up and down. The sub lid part 24 has a gripping part 24a for picking with a finger when opening and closing. Moreover, cap members 27 and 27 for closing the cultivation hole 21 which is not used (the plant P is not inserted) are detachably provided.
If the light of the irradiator 5 irradiated to the plant storage room 10 enters from the cultivation hole 21 or the spout 16 and hits the liquid fertilizer L, there is a possibility that it may cause the occurrence of the water-bloom. For this reason, in order to prevent the occurrence of sea cucumber, except when replenishing the liquid fertilizer L, the sub lid portion 24 is tilted to close the spout 16 and the cultivation hole 21 into which the plant P is not inserted is removed by the cap member 27. Block it. In addition, the cap member 27 has the insertion part 27A inserted in the cultivation hole 21, and the ridge-shaped umbrella part 27B connected to the upper end of the insertion part 27A. When inserted into the cultivation hole 21 (see FIG. 5), the panel 9 and the umbrella portion 27B are formed in a design that looks as if the vines are piled up in the field, and when the cap member 27 is attached / detached, the umbrella There is an advantage that it is easy to put a finger on the edge of the portion 27B.
In addition, the spout 16 of the panel 9 may not be an open / close type (operation type), and it is also preferable to simply add a hole for injecting the liquid fertilizer L into the panel 9.

また、図２と図３に示すように、栽培容器４は、トレイ８内の液体肥料Ｌを循環させる循環ポンプ１７が付設されている。
循環ポンプ１７は、液体肥料Ｌを吸入・吐出して、植物Ｐの根に十分な酸素と養分の吸収を促す。
植物収納室１０の室温が、設定記憶手段２６に記憶させた設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１（２０℃〜２５℃）未満であれば、制御部６によって、循環ポンプ１７が常時稼働するように制御される。即ち、冬季には、循環ポンプ１７の稼働に伴って発生する熱が、植物収納室１０の室温の維持に利用されるよう構成されている。
また、設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１より少し高温のポンプ稼働調整温度Ｔ２（具体的には、２５℃〜３０℃）を設定し、このポンプ稼働調整温度Ｔ２を超えた際、制御部６によって、循環ポンプ１７を間欠稼働に切換える。循環ポンプ１７の間欠稼働とは、例えば、１時間の内、１５分間ポンプが稼働し、それ以外の時間は停止している状態とする。つまり、気温の上昇する夏季には、循環ポンプ１７の熱により植物収納室１０の室温が上昇しすぎるのを防止する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cultivation container 4 is provided with a circulation pump 17 that circulates the liquid fertilizer L in the tray 8.
The circulation pump 17 sucks and discharges the liquid fertilizer L and promotes absorption of sufficient oxygen and nutrients into the roots of the plant P.
If the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 is less than the upper limit value T 1 (20 ° C. to 25 ° C.) of the set appropriate temperature range stored in the setting storage means 26, the control unit 6 causes the circulation pump 17 to always operate. Controlled. That is, in the winter season, the heat generated with the operation of the circulation pump 17 is used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room 10.
In addition, a pump operation adjustment temperature T 2 (specifically, 25 ° C. to 30 ° C.) slightly higher than the upper limit value T 1 of the set appropriate growth temperature range is set, and when this pump operation adjustment temperature T 2 is exceeded, control is performed. The circulation pump 17 is switched to intermittent operation by the unit 6. The intermittent operation of the circulation pump 17 is, for example, a state in which the pump is operated for 15 minutes in one hour and is stopped for other times. That is, in summer when the temperature rises, the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 is prevented from rising too much due to the heat of the circulation pump 17.

図１に於て、栽培ケース部３の前面に設けた異常報知点灯部３１は、通常（正常動作時）は緑色又は青色に点灯しているが、植物収納室１０の室温が、４０℃を超えた際、あるいは、−１０℃を下回った際、制御部６は、栽培ケース部３の前面の異常報知点灯部３１を赤く点滅させて、使用者に植物収納室１０の室温が異常上昇している事、あるいは、異常降下している事を報知するよう構成されている。
また、循環ポンプ１７は、液体肥料Ｌの液量が減少したのを検出する液量検出センサーを有しており、液体肥料Ｌの液量が過少となって不足している際にも、異常報知点灯部３１を赤く点滅させるよう構成されている。 In FIG. 1, the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 provided on the front surface of the cultivation case unit 3 is normally lit in green or blue (during normal operation), but the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 is 40 ° C. When it exceeds or falls below −10 ° C., the control unit 6 causes the abnormality notification lighting unit 31 on the front surface of the cultivation case unit 3 to blink in red, causing the user to abnormally increase the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. It is configured to notify that it is falling or abnormally descending.
Further, the circulation pump 17 has a liquid amount detection sensor that detects that the liquid amount of the liquid fertilizer L has decreased, and even when the liquid amount of the liquid fertilizer L is too small and insufficient, The notification lighting unit 31 is configured to blink red.

図１に示す栽培ケース部３の観音開き式の扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂは、ヒンジによって揺動自在に取付けられ、上端に設けた把持部３４，３４を手前側に引くことにより、ヒンジを中心として弧を描くようにして開く。なお、図６に示すように、扉１３Ａ，１３Ｂは、閉めた際、合わせ目３９からの虫や埃の侵入を防止するため、肉厚が約１／２倍の薄肉部３７，３８が相互に重ね合わさるように形成されていても良い。   The double doors 13A and 13B of the cultivation case portion 3 shown in FIG. 1 are swingably attached by a hinge, and an arc is formed around the hinge by pulling the grip portions 34 and 34 provided at the upper end toward the front side. Open as you draw. As shown in FIG. 6, when the doors 13A and 13B are closed, the thin portions 37 and 38 having a wall thickness of about 1/2 are mutually connected to prevent insects and dust from entering from the joint 39. It may be formed so as to overlap.

栽培ケース部３は、第１ファン１・第２ファン２を保護するためのファンカバー３５，３６を有している。ファンカバー３５，３６は、空気を通すためのスリットが多数形成されており、栽培ケース部３の外壁１２・区画内壁１１と面一状に形成されている。ファンカバー３５，３６に取手を設けて、栽培ケース部３の持ち運びを容易とするも好ましい。また、外気取込口７には、着脱自在のフィルターが設けられており、このフィルターによって、栽培ケース部３に、外部から埃が入るのを防止している（図示省略）。   The cultivation case unit 3 has fan covers 35 and 36 for protecting the first fan 1 and the second fan 2. The fan covers 35 and 36 are formed with many slits for allowing air to pass therethrough, and are formed flush with the outer wall 12 and the inner wall 11 of the cultivation case portion 3. It is also preferable to provide a handle on the fan covers 35 and 36 to facilitate carrying of the cultivation case part 3. In addition, a detachable filter is provided in the outside air intake port 7, and this filter prevents dust from entering the cultivation case unit 3 from the outside (not shown).

なお、本発明は、設計変更可能であって、例えば、栽培ケース部３の形状、サイズ等は自由に変更できる。また、図示省略するが、植物収納室１０に収納される植物育成ユニット１５，１５の間に、透明な間仕切り板を配設しても良い。間仕切り板は、風の流れを遮らないようにスリットが形成される。植物育成ユニット１５，１５に違う種類の植物Ｐを育てる場合や、収穫時期をずらして栽培する場合に、一方の生長の早い植物Ｐが、隣の植物育成ユニット１５まで伸びて、他方の植物Ｐへの光を遮って生長を妨げるのを防止する目的で、間仕切り板が設置される。   In addition, this invention can change design, for example, the shape, size, etc. of the cultivation case part 3 can be changed freely. Although not shown, a transparent partition plate may be disposed between the plant growing units 15 and 15 stored in the plant storage chamber 10. The partition plate is formed with a slit so as not to block the flow of wind. When growing different types of plants P in the plant growing units 15, 15, or when cultivating the plants at different harvest times, one fast growing plant P extends to the adjacent plant growing unit 15 and the other plant P A partition plate is installed for the purpose of preventing light from being blocked and preventing growth.

以上のように、本発明に係る水耕栽培装置は、屋内で植物Ｐを育成可能な家庭用の水耕栽培装置であって、栽培容器４に植物Ｐを保持させる植物育成ユニット１５，１５が収納される植物収納室１０と、該植物収納室１０内の上記植物Ｐに光を照射する照射器５を設けた光源室２０とを、区画形成する区画内壁１１を有する栽培ケース部３を備え、該栽培ケース部３は、上記植物収納室１０から上記光源室２０へ空気を送る植物収納室換気用の第１ファン１と、上記光源室２０から外部へ空気を排出する光源室換気用の第２ファン２とを、有し、かつ、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を独立して制御可能な制御部６を備え、上記第１ファン１を常時稼働させ、かつ、上記第２ファン２を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として、上記光源室２０で上記照射器５の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室２０から上記植物収納室１０に環流させる冬季循環運転状態と、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を常時稼働させて、上記光源室２０で上記照射器５の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室２０から外部へ排出する換気運転状態に、上記制御部６によって切換自在とし、上記植物収納室１０が、植物Ｐの育成に適した室温に維持されるよう構成されているので、気温が低下する冬季に、植物収納室１０の室温が低くなるのを簡便に防止して、植物Ｐが育ちやすい環境を保つことができる。照射器５によって、植物Ｐの光合成に必要な光を植物収納室１０に向けて照射すると共に、照射器５から発生する熱を、植物収納室１０の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。冬季循環運転状態で、栽培ケース部３内の空気の循環により植物収納室１０の室温を調整でき、保温カバーを被せる必要がなく、外観上の美観を保つことができる。保温カバーを着脱させる等の使用者の手間が省けて、至便である。構造が簡素で、安価かつ容易に製造できる。植物収納室内の室温の調整と空気の送風を両立できる。   As described above, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is a household hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of growing the plant P indoors, and the plant growing units 15 and 15 that hold the plant P in the cultivation container 4 are provided. A cultivation case portion 3 having a partition inner wall 11 for partitioning a plant storage chamber 10 to be stored and a light source chamber 20 provided with an irradiator 5 for irradiating light to the plant P in the plant storage chamber 10 is provided. The cultivation case unit 3 includes a first fan 1 for ventilating a plant storage chamber that sends air from the plant storage chamber 10 to the light source chamber 20, and a light source chamber ventilation that exhausts air from the light source chamber 20 to the outside. A control unit 6 having a second fan 2 and capable of controlling the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 independently, the first fan 1 is always operated, and the second fan 2 is provided. The fan 2 is not operated or intermittently operated, and the illumination is performed in the light source chamber 20. A winter circulation operation state in which air heated by heat generated in the vessel 5 is circulated from the light source chamber 20 to the plant storage chamber 10, and the first fan 1 and the second fan 2 are always operated, and the light source chamber 20, the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator 5 can be switched to the ventilation operation state in which the air is discharged from the light source chamber 20 to the outside by the control unit 6, and the plant storage chamber 10 grows the plant P. Since it is comprised so that it may be maintained at the room temperature suitable for temperature, it can prevent easily that the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 becomes low in the winter when temperature falls, and can maintain the environment where the plant P is easy to grow. . Using the irradiator 5 to irradiate the plant storage room 10 with light necessary for photosynthesis of the plant P, and to effectively use the heat generated from the irradiator 5 to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. Can avoid excessive power consumption and keep costs low. In the winter circulation operation state, the room temperature of the plant storage room 10 can be adjusted by the circulation of air in the cultivation case part 3, and it is not necessary to cover the heat insulation cover, and the appearance can be maintained. It is convenient because it saves the user troubles such as attaching and detaching the heat insulation cover. It has a simple structure and can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. It is possible to achieve both adjustment of the room temperature in the plant storage room and air blowing.

また、上記植物収納室１０の室温を検出する温度検出手段２５と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段２６とを、備え、上記植物収納室１０の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の下限値Ｔ０未満であれば、上記制御部６によって、上記第１ファン１を常時稼働させつつ上記第２ファン２を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として上記冬季循環運転状態とし、上記植物収納室１０の室温が上昇して上記設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１を超えている状態では、上記制御部６によって、上記第１ファン１・第２ファン２を常時稼働させて、上記換気運転状態に切換えるよう構成されているので、植物収納室１０の室温を、設定育成適温域の温度範囲に確実にコントロールすることができ、植物Ｐの育成に最適な環境を保つことができる。冬季循環運転状態と換気運転状態の切換えを、制御部６によって、自動で行うことができ、植物収納室１０の室温を常に監視しておく手間が省けて、使用者の負担を軽減でき、植物Ｐを枯らさずに、順調に育成できて、新鮮な野菜（植物Ｐ）を家庭に供給できる。 Moreover, the temperature detection means 25 which detects the room temperature of the said plant storage chamber 10 and the setting memory | storage means 26 which memorize | stores a predetermined setting cultivation suitable temperature range are provided, and the room temperature of the said plant storage chamber 10 is the said setting cultivation suitable temperature range. If it is less than the lower limit value T 0 , the control unit 6 makes the second fan 2 non-operating or intermittent operation while the first fan 1 is always operated, and is in the winter circulation operation state. in a state where the room temperature exceeds the upper limit value T 1 of the above setting foster appropriate temperature range increased, by the control unit 6, the first to operate the fan 1, the second fan 2 at all times, in the ventilation operating state Since it is configured to switch, the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 can be reliably controlled within the temperature range of the set appropriate growth temperature range, and an optimum environment for growing the plant P can be maintained. Switching between the winter circulation operation state and the ventilation operation state can be automatically performed by the control unit 6, and it is possible to reduce the burden on the user by eliminating the trouble of constantly monitoring the room temperature of the plant storage room 10. It can grow smoothly without withering P, and fresh vegetables (plant P) can be supplied to the home.

また、上記栽培容器４は、液体肥料Ｌを収容するトレイ８と、該トレイ８の開口部に施蓋されて植物Ｐを保持するパネル９とを、有し、該パネル９は、上記トレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給するための注ぎ口１６を有しているので、パネル９に植物Ｐを保持させたままで、容易にトレイ８に液体肥料Ｌを補給することができる。   The cultivation container 4 includes a tray 8 for storing the liquid fertilizer L, and a panel 9 that covers the opening of the tray 8 and holds the plant P. The panel 9 includes the tray 8. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer L can be easily replenished to the tray 8 while the plant P is held on the panel 9.

また、上記栽培容器４は、上記トレイ８内の液体肥料Ｌを循環させる循環ポンプ１７が付設され、上記植物収納室１０の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の上限値Ｔ１未満であれば、上記循環ポンプ１７が常時稼働するように制御され、上記循環ポンプ１７の発熱によって、上記植物収納室１０の室温が維持されるよう構成されているので、循環ポンプ１７によって、植物Ｐの酸素と養分の吸収を促すと共に、循環ポンプ１７から発生する熱を、植物収納室１０の室温を維持するために有効に利用することができ、余計な電力消費を避け、コストを低く抑えることができる。 Moreover, the cultivation container 4, a circulation pump 17 for circulating the liquid manure L in the tray 8 is attached, at room temperature of the vegetable storage chamber 10, is less than the upper limit value T 1 of the above setting foster an appropriate temperature region, Since the circulation pump 17 is controlled so as to be always operated and the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10 is maintained by the heat generated by the circulation pump 17, the oxygen and nutrients of the plant P are obtained by the circulation pump 17. The heat generated from the circulation pump 17 can be effectively used to maintain the room temperature of the plant storage chamber 10, and unnecessary power consumption can be avoided and the cost can be kept low.

１ 第１ファン
２ 第２ファン
３ 栽培ケース部
４ 栽培容器
５ 照射器
６ 制御部
８ トレイ
９ パネル
１０ 植物収納室
１１ 区画内壁
１５ 植物育成ユニット
１６ 注ぎ口
１７ 循環ポンプ
２０ 光源室
２５ 温度検出手段
２６ 設定記憶手段
Ｐ 植物
Ｔ０ 設定育成適温域の下限値
Ｔ１ 設定育成適温域の上限値
Ｌ 液体肥料 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st fan 2 2nd fan 3 Cultivation case part 4 Cultivation container 5 Irradiator 6 Control part 8 Tray 9 Panel 10 Plant storage room 11 Compartment inner wall 15 Plant growth unit 16 Spout 17 Circulation pump 20 Light source room 25 Temperature detection means 26 Setting storage means P Plant T 0 Lower limit value of appropriate temperature range for growth T 1 Upper limit value of appropriate temperature range for growth 1 L Liquid fertilizer

Claims (4)

屋内で植物（Ｐ）を育成可能な家庭用の水耕栽培装置であって、
栽培容器（４）に植物（Ｐ）を保持させる植物育成ユニット（１５）（１５）が収納される植物収納室（１０）と、該植物収納室（１０）内の上記植物（Ｐ）に光を照射する照射器（５）を設けた光源室（２０）とを、区画形成する区画内壁（１１）を有する栽培ケース部（３）を備え、
該栽培ケース部（３）は、上記植物収納室（１０）から上記光源室（２０）へ空気を送る植物収納室換気用の第１ファン（１）と、上記光源室（２０）から外部へ空気を排出する光源室換気用の第２ファン（２）とを、有し、かつ、上記第１ファン（１）・第２ファン（２）を独立して制御可能な制御部（６）を備え、
上記第１ファン（１）を常時稼働させ、かつ、上記第２ファン（２）を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として、上記光源室（２０）で上記照射器（５）の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室（２０）から上記植物収納室（１０）に環流させる冬季循環運転状態と、上記第１ファン（１）・第２ファン（２）を常時稼働させて、上記光源室（２０）で上記照射器（５）の発熱により加温された空気を、上記光源室（２０）から外部へ排出する換気運転状態に、上記制御部（６）によって切換自在とし、上記植物収納室（１０）が、植物（Ｐ）の育成に適した室温に維持されるよう構成されていることを特徴とする水耕栽培装置。 A household hydroponics device capable of growing plants (P) indoors,
A plant storage room (10) in which plant growth units (15) and (15) for holding the plant (P) in the cultivation container (4) are stored, and the plant (P) in the plant storage room (10) is lighted. A light source chamber (20) provided with an irradiator (5) for irradiating a cultivating case part (3) having a partition inner wall (11) for partitioning;
The cultivation case section (3) includes a first fan (1) for ventilating a plant storage chamber that sends air from the plant storage chamber (10) to the light source chamber (20), and the light source chamber (20) to the outside. A control unit (6) having a second fan (2) for light source room ventilation for discharging air and capable of independently controlling the first fan (1) and the second fan (2) Prepared,
The air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator (5) in the light source chamber (20) with the first fan (1) constantly operated and the second fan (2) not operated or intermittently operated. Are circulated from the light source room (20) to the plant storage room (10) in the winter circulation operation state, and the first fan (1) and the second fan (2) are always operated, and the light source room (20 ) In the ventilation operation state in which the air heated by the heat generated by the irradiator (5) is discharged from the light source chamber (20) to the outside by the control unit (6). 10) is configured to be maintained at room temperature suitable for growing plants (P). 上記植物収納室（１０）の室温を検出する温度検出手段（２５）と、所定の設定育成適温域を記憶する設定記憶手段（２６）とを、備え、
上記植物収納室（１０）の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の下限値（Ｔ０）未満であれば、上記制御部（６）によって、上記第１ファン（１）を常時稼働させつつ上記第２ファン（２）を非稼働乃至間欠稼働として上記冬季循環運転状態とし、上記植物収納室（１０）の室温が上昇して上記設定育成適温域の上限値（Ｔ１）を超えている状態では、上記制御部（６）によって、上記第１ファン（１）・第２ファン（２）を常時稼働させて、上記換気運転状態に切換えるよう構成されている請求項１記載の水耕栽培装置。 A temperature detection means (25) for detecting the room temperature of the plant storage room (10), and a setting storage means (26) for storing a predetermined set appropriate growth temperature range,
If the room temperature of the plant storage room (10) is less than the lower limit (T 0 ) of the set appropriate temperature range, the control unit (6) is configured to operate the first fan (1) while always operating the first fan (1). In a state where the two fans (2) are not operated or intermittently operated and are in the above-mentioned winter circulation operation state, and the room temperature of the plant storage room (10) rises and exceeds the upper limit value (T 1 ) of the set appropriate temperature range. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller (6) is configured to always operate the first fan (1) and the second fan (2) to switch to the ventilation operation state. 上記栽培容器（４）は、液体肥料（Ｌ）を収容するトレイ（８）と、該トレイ（８）の開口部に施蓋されて植物（Ｐ）を保持するパネル（９）とを、有し、
該パネル（９）は、上記トレイ（８）に液体肥料（Ｌ）を補給するための注ぎ口（１６）を有している請求項１又は２記載の水耕栽培装置。 The cultivation container (4) includes a tray (8) for storing the liquid fertilizer (L), and a panel (9) that is applied to the opening of the tray (8) and holds the plant (P). And
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the panel (9) has a spout (16) for supplying liquid fertilizer (L) to the tray (8). 上記栽培容器（４）は、上記トレイ（８）内の液体肥料（Ｌ）を循環させる循環ポンプ（１７）が付設され、
上記植物収納室（１０）の室温が、上記設定育成適温域の上限値（Ｔ1）未満であれば、上記循環ポンプ（１７）が常時稼働するように制御され、上記循環ポンプ（１７）の発熱によって、上記植物収納室（１０）の室温が維持されるよう構成されている請求項２記載の水耕栽培装置。 The cultivation container (4) is provided with a circulation pump (17) for circulating the liquid fertilizer (L) in the tray (8),
If the room temperature of the plant storage room (10) is less than the upper limit (T 1 ) of the set appropriate temperature range, the circulation pump (17) is controlled so as to always operate, and the circulation pump (17) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Claim 2 comprised so that the room temperature of the said plant storage chamber (10) may be maintained by heat_generation | fever.
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