JP2018009671A - Method of manufacturing gland packing and gland packing - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing gland packing and gland packing Download PDF

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JP2018009671A
JP2018009671A JP2016140245A JP2016140245A JP2018009671A JP 2018009671 A JP2018009671 A JP 2018009671A JP 2016140245 A JP2016140245 A JP 2016140245A JP 2016140245 A JP2016140245 A JP 2016140245A JP 2018009671 A JP2018009671 A JP 2018009671A
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gland packing
weight
aqueous suspension
carbon fiber
lubricating oil
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修司 須川
Shuji Sugawa
修司 須川
和正 滝照
Kazumasa Takiteru
和正 滝照
善久 出口
Yoshihisa Deguchi
善久 出口
真人 濱出
Masato Hamaide
真人 濱出
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Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd
Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK
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Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd
Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a gland packing which can be used for multiple purposes such as oil-free or high pressure applications, is superior in slide characteristics, and has high durability, pressure resistance and sealability, and a gland packing obtained by the manufacturing method.SOLUTION: A method of manufacturing a gland packing includes: a step of impregnating a PAN system carbon fiber with an aqueous suspension containing fluorinated resin without containing lubricating oil; a step of braiding the PAN system carbon fiber after the impregnation and obtaining a braided body; and a step of impregnating the braided body with the aqueous suspension containing fluorinated resin and obtaining a gland packing backing.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、グランドパッキンの製造方法およびグランドパッキンに関する。詳しくは、PAN系炭素繊維およびフッ素系樹脂を含んでなるグランドパッキンの製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a gland packing and a gland packing. In detail, it is related with the manufacturing method of the gland packing which contains a PAN-type carbon fiber and a fluorine-type resin.

グランドパッキンは、主として、ポンプ、バルブなどの回転軸や往復動機などの軸のグランド部を密封するために用いられる。回転・往復動機器では、軸が作動する際に、軸とグランドパッキンの接触部が摺動しており、接触面の潤滑性を維持する必要がある。   The gland packing is mainly used to seal a rotating shaft such as a pump and a valve and a ground portion of a shaft such as a reciprocating machine. In the rotary / reciprocating device, when the shaft operates, the contact portion between the shaft and the gland packing slides, and it is necessary to maintain the lubricity of the contact surface.

バルブ用途に要求されるグランドパッキンの特性としては、シール性と耐圧性があり、この特性を満足しない場合、バルブの機能を満たさない。回転ポンプ用途に要求されるグランドパッキンの特性としては、シール性の他に、取り扱い性、耐摩耗性、放熱性があり、この特性を満足しない場合、漏洩量が大きくなる。   The characteristics of the gland packing required for the valve application include sealing performance and pressure resistance. If these characteristics are not satisfied, the valve function is not satisfied. The characteristics of the gland packing required for rotary pump applications include handling properties, wear resistance, and heat dissipation in addition to sealing properties. If these characteristics are not satisfied, the amount of leakage increases.

グランドパッキンの材料としては、有機繊維、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、ロックウールなどが用いられている(たとえば、特許文献1および2)。しかし、これらの材料を用いて製造されるグランドパッキンは、おのおの材料の特性に応じて耐熱性、加工性、柔軟性、シール性および価格などに一長一短がある。そのため、用途によって炭素繊維の種類や目詰め剤の配合量等が最適化され、多種のグランドパッキンを準備する必要があった。   As a material for the gland packing, organic fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, rock wool or the like is used (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, the gland packing manufactured using these materials has advantages and disadvantages in heat resistance, workability, flexibility, sealing properties, and price depending on the characteristics of each material. For this reason, the type of carbon fiber, the blending amount of the filling agent, and the like are optimized depending on the use, and it is necessary to prepare various gland packings.

また、特許文献3には、発明の技術的背景の項にて、炭素繊維糸にポリテトラフルオロエチレン樹脂(PTFE樹脂)の水性分散体を含浸させて、該含浸後の炭素繊維糸を編組してグランドパッキンを得る方法についての記載がある。しかしながら、PAN系炭素繊維を用いたグランドパッキンにおいては、PTFE樹脂が炭素繊維に付着しにくいため十分な含浸量が得られにくい。特許文献3に記載のグランドパッキンでは、炭素繊維が擦り切れやすさについて改善の余地があった。   Further, in Patent Document 3, in the technical background of the invention, the carbon fiber yarn is impregnated with an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE resin), and the carbon fiber yarn after the impregnation is braided. There is a description of how to obtain gland packing. However, in the gland packing using the PAN-based carbon fiber, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient impregnation amount because the PTFE resin hardly adheres to the carbon fiber. In the gland packing described in Patent Document 3, there is room for improvement in the ease with which the carbon fibers are frayed.

特開平2−255786号公報JP-A-2-255786 特開2003−287141号公報JP 2003-287141 A 特開昭63−246575号公報JP-A 63-246575

しかしながら、多種の製品群をラインアップすることは非常に煩雑であり、環境面への負荷も大きい。特に、ポンプ、バルブなどの回転軸や往復動機に対して、グランドパッキンを使い分けることなく1種類で適用できるグランドパッキンに対する要望が高い。   However, it is very complicated to line up various product groups, and the load on the environment is large. In particular, there is a high demand for a gland packing that can be applied to a rotary shaft such as a pump or a valve or a reciprocating machine without using a gland packing properly.

本発明は、禁油用途や高圧用途といった多用途に展開でき、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、放熱性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮し、取扱い性に優れるグランドパッキンの製造方法および該製造方法を用いて得られるグランドパッキンの提供を目的とする。   The present invention can be used in various applications such as oil-free applications and high-pressure applications, has excellent sliding characteristics, exhibits high sealing performance, wear resistance, heat dissipation, pressure resistance and durability, and is excellent in handling properties. An object is to provide a manufacturing method and a gland packing obtained by using the manufacturing method.

本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、特定の製法により得られた、PAN系炭素繊維およびフッ素系樹脂を含んでなるグランドパッキンが、上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。   As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a gland packing comprising a PAN-based carbon fiber and a fluorine-based resin, obtained by a specific manufacturing method, can solve the above problems. The present invention has been completed.

本発明のグランドパッキンの製造方法は、
PAN系炭素繊維に、潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸させる工程(1)と、
含浸後のPAN系炭素繊維を編組して、編組体を得る工程(2)と、
該編組体に、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させて、グランドパッキン基材を得る工程(3)と、を含む。
The manufacturing method of the gland packing of the present invention is as follows:
A step (1) of impregnating a PAN-based carbon fiber with an aqueous suspension (1) which does not contain a lubricating oil and contains a fluorine-based resin;
A step (2) of braiding the impregnated PAN-based carbon fiber to obtain a braided body;
And (3) obtaining a gland packing base material by impregnating the braided body with an aqueous suspension (2) containing a fluororesin.

前記製造方法では、さらに、前記グランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させる工程(4)を含むことが、好ましい。
前記水性懸濁液(1)におけるフッ素系樹脂は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)であることが好ましい。
The manufacturing method preferably further includes a step (4) of impregnating the gland packing base material with a lubricating oil composition.
The fluororesin in the aqueous suspension (1) is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

前記水性懸濁液(2)におけるフッ素系樹脂は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)であることが好ましい。
前記水性懸濁液(2)は、さらに、黒鉛、カーボンブラック、アモルファスウィスカーカーボン、グラファイト、アセチレンブラックから選ばれる少なくとも1種の炭素材料を含むことが好ましい。
The fluororesin in the aqueous suspension (2) is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
The aqueous suspension (2) preferably further contains at least one carbon material selected from graphite, carbon black, amorphous whisker carbon, graphite, and acetylene black.

本発明のグランドパッキンは、潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸してなるPAN系炭素繊維を編組してなる編組体を、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(2)に含浸してなるグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させてなる。   The gland packing of the present invention comprises a braided body formed by braiding PAN-based carbon fibers impregnated with an aqueous suspension (1) containing no fluorine and containing a fluorine-based resin, and an aqueous suspension containing a fluorine-based resin. A gland packing base material impregnated with the turbid liquid (2) is impregnated with the lubricating oil composition.

グランドパッキンは、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を55〜65重量%、フッ素系樹脂を25〜35重量%、潤滑油を4〜8重量%およびその他の成分を2〜6重量%含むことが好ましい。   The gland packing is 55 to 65% by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber, 25 to 35% by weight of fluororesin, 4 to 8% by weight of lubricating oil, and 2 to 6% of other components with respect to 100% by weight of the gland packing. It is preferable to contain by weight.

本発明の製造方法によれば、禁油用途や高圧用途といった多用途に展開でき、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、放熱性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮し、取扱い性に優れるグランドパッキンの製造方法および該製造方法を用いて得られるグランドパッキンを得ることができる。   According to the production method of the present invention, it can be expanded to various uses such as oil-free applications and high-pressure applications, has excellent sliding characteristics, exhibits high sealing performance, wear resistance, heat dissipation, pressure resistance and durability, and is easy to handle. It is possible to obtain a gland packing that is excellent in the manufacturing method and a gland packing obtained by using the manufacturing method.

図1は、往復動試験の装置図である。FIG. 1 is an apparatus diagram of a reciprocating test. 図2は、横型回転試験の装置図である。FIG. 2 is an apparatus diagram of a horizontal rotation test.

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
〔グランドパッキンの製造方法〕
(工程(1))
該製造方法に係る工程(1)では、編組する前に、PAN系炭素繊維に、潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸させる。含浸方法は、PAN系炭素繊維に水性懸濁液(1)を含浸させることができれば、特に限定されず、公知の方法を用いることができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[Gland packing manufacturing method]
(Process (1))
In the step (1) relating to the production method, before braiding, the aqueous suspension (1) containing fluorinated resin, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), without containing lubricating oil in the PAN-based carbon fiber. Impregnate. The impregnation method is not particularly limited as long as the PAN-based carbon fiber can be impregnated with the aqueous suspension (1), and a known method can be used.

該含浸工程を経ることで、フッ素系樹脂がPAN系炭素繊維糸に好適に絡み合い、該炭素繊維糸が擦り切れず、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、耐圧性および耐久性に優れるグランドパッキンが得られる。本発明者らは、この理由を以下のように推定している。   By passing through the impregnation step, the fluorine-based resin is suitably entangled with the PAN-based carbon fiber yarn, the carbon fiber yarn is not frayed, has excellent sliding characteristics, and has high sealing performance, wear resistance, pressure resistance and durability. Excellent gland packing is obtained. The present inventors presume this reason as follows.

PAN系炭素繊維糸は、表面が滑らかであるため、PAN系炭素繊維糸に潤滑油を含む水性懸濁液を含浸させると、潤滑油の潤滑作用により、炭素繊維糸の表面がより平滑となる。そのため、フッ素系樹脂が該炭素繊維に巻きつきにくくなり、ダマ状の樹脂が生じる。目付け機能が低下するため、炭素繊維糸同士の接触が生じ、擦り切れやすくなる。一方、本発明では、潤滑油を含まない水性懸濁液を用いているため、フッ素系樹脂がPAN系炭素繊維糸に好適に絡み合い、ダマ状の樹脂が生じない。そのため、炭素繊維糸が擦り切れず、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、放熱性、耐圧性および耐久性に優れるグランドパッキンが得られると考えられる。   Since the surface of a PAN-based carbon fiber yarn is smooth, when the PAN-based carbon fiber yarn is impregnated with an aqueous suspension containing a lubricating oil, the surface of the carbon fiber yarn becomes smoother due to the lubricating action of the lubricating oil. . Therefore, it becomes difficult for the fluororesin to wrap around the carbon fiber, and a lumpy resin is generated. Since the basis weight function is lowered, the carbon fiber yarns come into contact with each other and are easily frayed. On the other hand, in the present invention, since an aqueous suspension containing no lubricating oil is used, the fluorine-based resin is suitably entangled with the PAN-based carbon fiber yarn, and no lumpy resin is generated. Therefore, it is considered that a gland packing excellent in sliding characteristics, excellent sealing properties, wear resistance, heat dissipation, pressure resistance, and durability is obtained.

<PAN系炭素繊維>
本発明に係るアクリロニトリル(PAN)系炭素繊維は、公知のものを使用できるが、グランドパッキンに用いることから、その平均単繊維繊度は、400〜1600tex(g/1000m)の範囲にあることが好ましく、より好ましくは600〜1000texである。平均単繊維繊度を上記範囲以上とすることで、炭素繊維強化複合材料中の繊維の微小蛇行を抑え、強度発現性に優れた炭素繊維強化複合材料が得られるため好ましい。PAN系炭素繊維の平均単繊維繊度は、プレカーサーとなるPAN系繊維(PAN系炭素繊維前駆体繊維)の平均単繊維繊度により調整することができる。
<PAN-based carbon fiber>
As the acrylonitrile (PAN) -based carbon fiber according to the present invention, a known carbon fiber can be used, but since it is used for gland packing, the average single fiber fineness is preferably in the range of 400 to 1600 tex (g / 1000 m). More preferably, it is 600-1000 tex. By setting the average single fiber fineness to be in the above range or more, a carbon fiber reinforced composite material excellent in strength development can be obtained by suppressing micro meandering of fibers in the carbon fiber reinforced composite material. The average single fiber fineness of the PAN-based carbon fiber can be adjusted by the average single fiber fineness of the PAN-based fiber (PAN-based carbon fiber precursor fiber) serving as a precursor.

PAN系炭素繊維の引張強度は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、通常4200〜5200MPa、好ましくは4400〜5000MPaである。
引張弾性率は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、220〜240GPaである。
The tensile strength of the PAN-based carbon fiber is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, but is usually 4200 to 5200 MPa, preferably 4400 to 5000 MPa.
The tensile elastic modulus is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, but is 220 to 240 GPa.

フィラメント数は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、通常6000〜24000数、好ましくは10000〜18000数である。
PAN系炭素繊維としては、たとえば、トレカ(登録商標)糸(東レ(株)社製)、TENAX(登録商標、帝人(株)社製)、PYROFIL(登録商標、三菱レイヨン(株)社製)などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。PAN系炭素繊維は、高強度、高弾性、耐熱性、耐薬品性、自己潤滑性の理由から、グランドパッキンに好適である。
PAN系炭素繊維は、1種のみを使用しても良いし、これらの複数の種類を組み合わせて使用しても良い。用途に応じて、適宜選択することができる。
Although the number of filaments is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, it is usually 6,000 to 24,000, preferably 10,000 to 18,000.
Examples of the PAN-based carbon fiber include trading card (registered trademark) yarn (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.), TENAX (registered trademark, manufactured by Teijin Limited), PYROFIL (registered trademark, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.). However, it is not limited to these. PAN-based carbon fibers are suitable for gland packing because of their high strength, high elasticity, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and self-lubricating properties.
Only one type of PAN-based carbon fiber may be used, or a combination of these types may be used. It can be appropriately selected depending on the application.

<水性懸濁液(1)>
水性懸濁液(1)は、鉱物油、合成油および植物油などの潤滑油を含まない水分散体である。本発明において、潤滑油とは、摩擦面間の摩擦減少、摩耗減少、摩擦熱の減少、焼き付き防止の機能を果たす潤滑剤のことを示し、動植物性油脂鉱物性油、流動パラフィン、シリコーンオイル、ワックスパラフィン、シリンダオイル、グリース、ペトロラタム、チェーンソー油、エンジン油、切削油、機械油、作動油、ギア油、タービン油、圧縮機油、冷凍機油、錆止め油等が挙げられる。
<Aqueous suspension (1)>
The aqueous suspension (1) is an aqueous dispersion that does not contain lubricating oil such as mineral oil, synthetic oil and vegetable oil. In the present invention, the lubricating oil refers to a lubricant that functions to reduce friction between friction surfaces, reduce wear, reduce frictional heat, and prevent seizure. Examples include wax paraffin, cylinder oil, grease, petrolatum, chainsaw oil, engine oil, cutting oil, machine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, refrigerator oil, and rust preventive oil.

また、本発明において、『潤滑油を含まない』とは、本発明の効果を奏する限り、水性懸濁液(1)100重量%中、通常2重量%以下、好ましくは1重量%以下、より好ましくは0.1重量%以下の潤滑油を含んでいてもよいことを意味する。該水性懸濁液(1)は、潤滑油を完全に含まないことが好ましく、潤滑油は、水性懸濁液(1)100重量%中、0重量%であることが好ましい。   Further, in the present invention, “without lubricating oil” means that, as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, the aqueous suspension (1) is usually 2% by weight or less, preferably 1% by weight or less, in 100% by weight. Preferably, it means that 0.1% by weight or less of lubricating oil may be included. The aqueous suspension (1) preferably contains no lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is preferably 0% by weight in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension (1).

該懸濁液(1)には、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくはPTFEを含む。該懸濁液(1)は、耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐候性、非粘着性、滑り性、目詰め効果の点から、フッ素系樹脂の水分散体であることが好ましく、PTFEの水分散体であることがより好ましい。   The suspension (1) contains a fluororesin, preferably PTFE. The suspension (1) is preferably a fluororesin aqueous dispersion from the viewpoints of heat resistance, chemical resistance, weather resistance, non-adhesiveness, slipperiness, and clogging effect. More preferably, it is a body.

フッ素系樹脂としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、四フッ化エチレン−六フッ化プロピレンエチレン共重合樹脂(FEP)などが挙げられる。フッ素系樹脂は、1種のみを使用しても良いし、これらの複数の種類を適宜組み合わせて使用しても良い。これらの中でも、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮するグランドパッキンを好適に得られる点から、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)が好ましい。   Examples of the fluororesin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene ethylene copolymer resin (FEP). Only one type of fluororesin may be used, or a plurality of these types may be used in appropriate combination. Among these, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is preferable because a gland packing that is excellent in sliding characteristics and exhibits high sealing properties, wear resistance, pressure resistance, and durability can be suitably obtained.

フッ素系樹脂としてPTFEが用いられる場合には、フッ素系樹脂に上述したPTFE以外のフッ素系樹脂が、少量、たとえば10重量%(フッ素系樹脂の合計量を100重量%とする)以下の量で含まれていても良い。   When PTFE is used as the fluororesin, the fluororesin other than the above-mentioned PTFE is contained in the fluororesin in a small amount, for example, 10% by weight (the total amount of the fluororesin is 100% by weight) or less. It may be included.

フッ素系樹脂としては、粉末状のものをそのまま用いても良く、水にフッ素系樹脂の微粒子を分散させたディスパージョンを用いてもよく、該ディスパージョンを充填材と混合した後に水を除去した混合物を用いても良い
フッ素系樹脂は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、水性懸濁液(1)100重量%中に、通常50〜70重量%、好ましくは55〜65重量%含まれる。
As the fluorine-based resin, a powdered one may be used as it is, or a dispersion in which fine particles of a fluorine-based resin are dispersed in water may be used. After the dispersion is mixed with the filler, water is removed. A mixture may be used. The fluororesin is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. However, in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension (1), usually 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight. included.

水性懸濁液(1)には、必要に応じて、界面活性剤を含んでよい、界面活性剤は、本発明の効果を得る限り特に限定されず、アニオン、ノニオン系、シリコン系など公知のものを使用できる。界面活性剤の配合量は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、水性懸濁液(1)100重量%に対して、好ましくは1〜10重量%、より好ましくは3〜7重量%である。   The aqueous suspension (1) may contain a surfactant as necessary. The surfactant is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is obtained, and is well-known such as anion, nonionic, silicon, and the like. Things can be used. The blending amount of the surfactant is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, but is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 3 to 7% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension (1). It is.

アニオン系界面活性剤としては、例えば、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ラウリル硫酸塩、アルキルジフェニルエーテルジスルホン酸塩、アルキルナフタレンスルホン酸塩、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸塩、ステアリン酸塩およびオレイン酸塩等が挙げられる。塩としては、ナトリウム、カリウムなどが挙げられる。   Examples of the anionic surfactant include dodecyl benzene sulfonate, lauryl sulfate, alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, stearate and oleate. Examples of the salt include sodium and potassium.

ノニオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル類やポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル類、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル類、ポリオキシエチレンスチレン化フェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンジスチレン化フェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル等が挙げられる。   Examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene Examples thereof include styrenated phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene distyrenated phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, and the like.

シリコン系界面活性剤としては、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリエーテル変性ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリメチルアルキルシロキサン、シリコン変性ポリオキシエチレンエーテル等が挙げられる。
界面活性剤は、1種のみを使用しても良いし、これらの複数の種類を組み合わせて使用しても良い。
Examples of the silicon-based surfactant include polydimethylsiloxane, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylalkylsiloxane, and silicon-modified polyoxyethylene ether.
Only one type of surfactant may be used, or a plurality of these types may be used in combination.

水性懸濁液(1)には、必要に応じて、黒鉛、カーボンブラック、アモルファスウィスカーカーボン、グラファイト、アセチレンブラックから選ばれる少なくとも1種の炭素材料を含んでいてもよい。該炭素材料を含むと、潤滑特性が高まるため、好適である。炭素材料の配合量は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、水性懸濁液100重量%に対して、炭素材料全体で、好ましくは1〜10重量%、より好ましくは1〜5重量%である。炭素材料は、1種のみを使用しても良いし、これらの複数の種類を組み合わせて使用しても良い。   The aqueous suspension (1) may contain at least one carbon material selected from graphite, carbon black, amorphous whisker carbon, graphite, and acetylene black, if necessary. When the carbon material is included, lubrication characteristics are improved, which is preferable. The blending amount of the carbon material is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, but the total amount of the carbon material is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1 to 5% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. %. Only one type of carbon material may be used, or a plurality of types may be used in combination.

水性懸濁液(1)には、必要に応じて、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、窒化ホウ素、水膨潤性マイカなどの雲母(マイカ)、タルク、金、銀、および各種軟質金属などの潤滑補助剤が含まれていてもよい。該潤滑補助剤が含まれると、擦面間の摩擦減少、摩耗減少、摩擦熱の減少、焼き付き防止の機能を果たすため、好適である。これらの配合量は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、水性懸濁液100重量%に対して、全体で、好ましくは1〜10重量%、より好ましくは1〜5重量%である。これらは、単独で用いても2種以上併用してもよい。本発明では、例えば、特開2004−169823号公報に開示されているように、グランドパッキン基材の表面または内部に水膨潤性マイカを含浸させれば、焼き付けを防止し、優れたシール性を維持することができるため、好ましい。   If necessary, the aqueous suspension (1) can be lubricated with mica such as molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, water-swellable mica, talc, gold, silver, and various soft metals. An adjuvant may be included. The inclusion of the lubricating auxiliary agent is preferable because it functions to reduce friction between friction surfaces, reduce wear, reduce frictional heat, and prevent seizure. These blending amounts are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, but the total amount is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1 to 5% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, for example, as disclosed in JP-A No. 2004-169823, if the surface or the inside of the gland packing base material is impregnated with water-swellable mica, baking is prevented and excellent sealing properties are obtained. Since it can maintain, it is preferable.

水性懸濁液(1)には、発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じて、防錆剤、防腐剤などの公知の各種添加剤が配合されていてもよい。これらの添加剤の配合量は、用途に応じて適宜選択でき、水性懸濁液100重量%に対して、それぞれ、好ましくは0.1〜10重量%、より好ましくは2〜8重量%である。これらは単独で用いても2種以上併用してもよい。   The aqueous suspension (1) may be blended with various known additives such as a rust preventive and a preservative, as necessary, within a range not impairing the object of the invention. The blending amount of these additives can be appropriately selected according to the use, and is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 2 to 8% by weight, with respect to 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

(工程(2))
該製造方法に係る工程(2)では、含浸後の、好ましくは、含浸後、乾燥したPAN系炭素繊維を、たとえば、編組機を用いて、八編み、格子編み、袋編みなどにより紐状に編組して、編組体を得る。編組は、公知の方法を用いることができる。
(Process (2))
In the step (2) relating to the production method, after impregnation, preferably after impregnation, the dried PAN-based carbon fiber is formed into a string by, for example, eight knitting, lattice knitting, bag knitting using a braiding machine. Braid to obtain a braided body. A known method can be used for the braiding.

(工程(3))
該製造方法に係る工程(3)では、工程(2)で得られた編組体に、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を含む水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させて、グランドパッキンの基材を得る。含浸方法は、該編組体に水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させることができれば、特に限定されず、公知の方法を用いることができる。
(Process (3))
In step (3) according to the production method, the braided body obtained in step (2) is impregnated with an aqueous suspension (2) containing a fluororesin, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Obtain the base material of the gland packing. The impregnation method is not particularly limited as long as the braided body can be impregnated with the aqueous suspension (2), and a known method can be used.

該工程は、主として、該編組体の表面をフッ素系樹脂にて処理する工程である。該処理により、気密性、シール性、摺動特性および耐圧性が向上したグランドパッキンを好適に得ることができる。   This step is mainly a step of treating the surface of the braided body with a fluororesin. By this treatment, a gland packing with improved hermeticity, sealing properties, sliding properties and pressure resistance can be suitably obtained.

含浸は、工程(1)と(3)の両方によって、含浸後のPAN系炭素繊維100重量%中に、通常20〜40重量%、好ましくは、グランドパッキンの気密性および耐熱性が得られる点から、25〜35重量%、より好ましくは、摺動特性に優れ、高い耐久性、耐圧性およびシール性を発揮するグランドパッキンが得られるとの理由から、29〜33重量%のフッ素系樹脂が含まれるように含浸することが好ましい。   In the impregnation, both steps (1) and (3) are usually 20 to 40% by weight in 100% by weight of the PAN-based carbon fiber after impregnation, and preferably the airtightness and heat resistance of the gland packing can be obtained. From 25 to 35% by weight, more preferably, 29 to 33% by weight of the fluorine-based resin is obtained because it is possible to obtain a gland packing that has excellent sliding characteristics and exhibits high durability, pressure resistance and sealability. It is preferable to impregnate so that it may be included.

<水性懸濁液(2)>
水性懸濁液(2)は、水性懸濁液(1)と同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
水性懸濁液(2)には、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくは、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、放熱性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮するグランドパッキンを好適に得られることから、PTFEを含む。フッ素系樹脂は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、水性懸濁液(2)100重量%中に、好ましくは50〜70重量%、より好ましくは55〜65重量%含まれる。フッ素系樹脂については、上記水性懸濁液(1)の項を適宜参照できる。
<Aqueous suspension (2)>
The aqueous suspension (2) may be the same as or different from the aqueous suspension (1).
For the aqueous suspension (2), a fluororesin, preferably a gland packing that is excellent in sliding properties and exhibits high sealing performance, wear resistance, heat dissipation, pressure resistance and durability, can be suitably obtained. To PTFE. The fluororesin is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, but is preferably contained in 50 to 70% by weight, more preferably 55 to 65% by weight in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension (2). For the fluororesin, the term of the aqueous suspension (1) can be referred to as appropriate.

水性懸濁液(2)には、必要に応じて、界面活性剤、炭素材料、潤滑補助剤、防錆剤や防腐剤などの各種添加剤などが含まれていてもよい。これらについては、その配合量と共に、上記水性懸濁液(1)の項を適宜参照できる。また、これらは、は単独で用いても2種以上併用してもよい。   The aqueous suspension (2) may contain various additives such as surfactants, carbon materials, lubricating aids, rust preventives and preservatives, as necessary. About these, the term of the said aqueous suspension (1) can be referred suitably with the compounding quantity. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

水性懸濁液(2)に界面活性剤が含まれると、懸濁液の分散性を高めることができるため好ましい。
水性懸濁液(2)に炭素材料が含まれると、よりシール性および摺動特性に優れるグランドパッキンが得られるため好ましい。炭素材料としては、黒鉛、カーボンブラックが好ましい。炭素材料の配合量は、上記水性懸濁液(1)の項に記載の配合量と同じである。
A surfactant is preferably contained in the aqueous suspension (2) because the dispersibility of the suspension can be increased.
A carbon material is preferably contained in the aqueous suspension (2) because a gland packing having better sealing properties and sliding properties can be obtained. As the carbon material, graphite and carbon black are preferable. The compounding amount of the carbon material is the same as the compounding amount described in the section of the aqueous suspension (1).

水性懸濁液(2)には、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、窒化ホウ素、水膨潤性マイカなどの雲母(マイカ)、タルク、金、銀、および各種軟質金属などの潤滑補助剤が含まれることが好ましい。これらを含むと、擦面間の摩擦減少、摩耗減少、摩擦熱の減少、焼き付き防止の機能を果たすことができるため、好適である。   The aqueous suspension (2) contains lubricating aids such as molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, mica such as water-swellable mica, talc, gold, silver, and various soft metals. It is preferable. When these are included, the functions of reducing friction between friction surfaces, reducing wear, reducing frictional heat, and preventing seizure can be achieved.

水性懸濁液(2)に防錆剤および/または防腐剤が含まれると、相手材である金属の腐食を防止させることができるため好ましい。
さらに、水性懸濁液(2)は、水性懸濁液(1)と同様に、鉱物油、合成油および植物油などの潤滑油を含まない水分散体であることが好ましい。フッ素樹脂が目付け機能を十分に発揮し、高いシール性と摺動特性に優れる。
When the aqueous suspension (2) contains a rust inhibitor and / or a preservative, it is preferable because corrosion of the metal as the counterpart material can be prevented.
Furthermore, the aqueous suspension (2) is preferably an aqueous dispersion containing no lubricating oil such as mineral oil, synthetic oil and vegetable oil, like the aqueous suspension (1). Fluorine resin exhibits a sufficient basis weight and has excellent sealing properties and sliding properties.

<含浸方法>
該工程(3)では、工程(2)で得られた編組体に、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させ、グランドパッキン基材を得た後に、該基材に、潤滑油を含浸させてもよい。また、水性懸濁液(2)には、潤滑油が含まれていてもよい。該工程(3)では、工程(2)で得られた編組体に、フッ素系樹脂を含浸させれば、その含浸方法および組成に限定されない。また、該水性懸濁液には、必要に応じて、懸濁液の分散性を高めるために界面活性剤、摺動特性を向上させるために炭素材料、潤滑補助剤および相手材である金属の腐食を防止させるために防錆剤や防腐剤などの各種添加剤などが含まれていてもよい。これらについては、その配合量と共に、上記水性懸濁液(1)の項を適宜参照できる。
<Impregnation method>
In the step (3), the braided body obtained in the step (2) is impregnated with an aqueous suspension (2) containing a fluororesin to obtain a gland packing base material, and then the base material is lubricated. Oil may be impregnated. The aqueous suspension (2) may contain a lubricating oil. In the step (3), the impregnation method and composition are not limited as long as the braided body obtained in the step (2) is impregnated with a fluororesin. In addition, the aqueous suspension may include a surfactant for enhancing the dispersibility of the suspension, a carbon material, a lubricating auxiliary agent, and a metal as a counterpart material for improving sliding properties, if necessary. In order to prevent corrosion, various additives such as a rust preventive and a preservative may be included. About these, the term of the said aqueous suspension (1) can be referred suitably with the compounding quantity.

<乾燥工程>
該工程(3)では、水性懸濁液(2)の含浸後に、必要に応じて、乾燥工程を含んでいてもよい。
<Drying process>
In the step (3), after impregnation with the aqueous suspension (2), a drying step may be included as necessary.

<仕上げ工程>
該工程(3)では、水性懸濁液(2)の含浸後に、または、必要に応じて用いられる乾燥工程の後に、仕上げ工程を含んでいてもよい。該仕上げ工程とは、各種公知の加工方法により、用途に適したグランドパッキンを得る工程であり、たとえば、該グランドパッキン基材を所定の断面寸法に切断する工程である。なお、該仕上げ工程は、後述の工程(4)の後に行ってもよく、工程(3)の後に該仕上げ工程を行い、その後、工程(4)を行ってもよく、工程(3)、該仕上げ工程、工程(4)そして再度仕上げ工程を行ってもよい。用途に応じて、適宜仕上げ工程を含めることができる。
<Finishing process>
In the step (3), a finishing step may be included after the impregnation with the aqueous suspension (2) or after the drying step used as necessary. The finishing step is a step of obtaining a gland packing suitable for the application by various known processing methods, for example, a step of cutting the gland packing substrate into a predetermined cross-sectional dimension. In addition, this finishing process may be performed after the below-mentioned process (4), the finishing process may be performed after the process (3), and then the process (4) may be performed. You may perform a finishing process, a process (4), and a finishing process again. Depending on the application, a finishing step can be included as appropriate.

(工程(4))
本発明では、工程(3)で得られたグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させる工程(4)を含むことが好ましい。含浸方法は、該グランドパッキン基材に潤滑油を含浸させることができれば、特に限定されず、公知の方法を用いることができる。
(Process (4))
In this invention, it is preferable to include the process (4) which impregnates the lubricating oil composition in the gland packing base material obtained at the process (3). The impregnation method is not particularly limited as long as the gland packing base material can be impregnated with lubricating oil, and a known method can be used.

該工程は、主として、潤滑油によりフッ素系樹脂の表面を処理するための工程である。含浸後のグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させることで、フッ素系樹脂、特に樹脂の表面が潤滑油にて保護され、フッ素系樹脂の強度、耐候性、耐久性が向上する。さらに、樹脂が炭素繊維に絡み合った後に、潤滑油を含浸させ、パッキンの微小隙間に潤滑油を含浸されることで、より好適に緻密性が向上するとも推定される。そのため、得られたグランドパッキンは、気密性、シール性および耐圧性がさらに向上する。また、グランドパッキンの摩擦係数を減少させることができるため、摺動特性にもより優れる。   This step is mainly a step for treating the surface of the fluororesin with a lubricating oil. By impregnating the impregnated gland packing base material with the lubricating oil composition, the surface of the fluororesin, particularly the resin, is protected with the lubricating oil, and the strength, weather resistance, and durability of the fluororesin are improved. Further, it is estimated that the denseness is more preferably improved by impregnating the lubricating oil after the resin is entangled with the carbon fiber and impregnating the lubricating oil into the minute gaps of the packing. Therefore, the obtained gland packing further improves airtightness, sealing performance, and pressure resistance. Further, since the friction coefficient of the gland packing can be reduced, the sliding characteristics are further improved.

潤滑油としては、公知の潤滑油を用いることができ、たとえば、上記水性懸濁液(1)の項を参照できるが、より好適にフッ素系樹脂を処理できる点から、流動パラフィンおよびシリコーンオイルが好ましい。   As the lubricating oil, known lubricating oils can be used. For example, the above-mentioned aqueous suspension (1) can be referred to. From the viewpoint that the fluororesin can be treated more suitably, liquid paraffin and silicone oil are used. preferable.

潤滑油は、本発明の効果を奏する限り特に限定されないが、潤滑油組成物100重量%中、通常80〜100重量%、好ましくは90〜100重量%、より好ましくは、潤滑特性、気密性、シール性の点から、95〜100重量%含まれる。   The lubricating oil is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, but in 100% by weight of the lubricating oil composition, usually 80 to 100% by weight, preferably 90 to 100% by weight, and more preferably, lubricating properties, airtightness, From the viewpoint of sealing properties, it is contained in an amount of 95 to 100 wt%.

該組成物には、清浄剤、錆止め添加剤、分散剤、極圧剤、消泡剤、酸化防止剤、金属不活性化剤など潤滑油に用いる公知の添加剤が含まれていてもよい。これらの添加剤は、適宜選定し、適切な配合量で配合できる。   The composition may contain known additives for use in lubricating oils such as detergents, rust inhibitors, dispersants, extreme pressure agents, antifoaming agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, and the like. These additives can be appropriately selected and blended in an appropriate blending amount.

潤滑油組成物としては、流動パラフィン、白色ワセリンなどの鉱物油、リン酸エステル系油、ポリエチレングリコール油、シリコーンオイル、フッ素オイルなどの合成油、その他ヒマシ油などの動植物油などが用いられるが、これらに限定されない。   As the lubricating oil composition, liquid oil, mineral oil such as white petrolatum, phosphate ester oil, polyethylene glycol oil, silicone oil, synthetic oil such as fluorine oil, and other animal and vegetable oils such as castor oil are used. It is not limited to these.

〔グランドパッキン〕
本発明のグランドパッキンは、編組して得られる。該編組パッキンは、一般的に、炭素繊維糸からなるヤーンを単数または複数撚り合せたものを編組み、袋編み、八編み、格子編みなどにより所望の形状に編組みしたものである。
[Gland packing]
The gland packing of the present invention is obtained by braiding. The braided packing is generally a braided one or a plurality of yarns made of carbon fiber yarns, and is knitted into a desired shape by bag knitting, eight knitting, lattice knitting or the like.

該グランドパッキンは、禁油用途や高圧用途といった多用途に展開でき、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮し、取扱い性に優れる。該グランドパッキンは、潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸してなるPAN系炭素繊維を紐状に編組してなる編組体を、フッ素系樹脂、好ましくはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を含む水性懸濁液(2)に含浸してなるグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させてなる。水性懸濁液(1)、(2)および潤滑油組成物などについては、前述を参照できる。   The gland packing can be used in various applications such as oil-free applications and high-pressure applications, has excellent sliding characteristics, exhibits high sealing performance, wear resistance, pressure resistance and durability, and is excellent in handling. The gland packing is made of braided PAN-based carbon fibers impregnated with an aqueous suspension (1) that does not contain lubricating oil and contains a fluororesin, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). A gland packing base material formed by impregnating the braided body with an aqueous suspension (2) containing a fluororesin, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is impregnated with the lubricating oil composition. For the aqueous suspensions (1) and (2) and the lubricating oil composition, the above can be referred to.

該グランドパッキンは、本発明の効果を奏する限り特手に限定されないが、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、通常、PAN系炭素繊維を45〜75重量%、フッ素系樹脂を15〜45重量%、潤滑油を0〜10重量%およびその他の成分を0〜8重量%含む。好ましくは、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、耐圧性の理由から、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を55〜65重量%、フッ素系樹脂を25〜35重量%、潤滑油を4〜8重量%およびその他の成分を2〜6重量%含む。   The gland packing is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, but usually 45 to 75% by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber and 15 to 45% by weight of fluororesin with respect to 100% by weight of the gland packing. In addition, 0 to 10% by weight of lubricating oil and 0 to 8% by weight of other components are contained. Preferably, it has excellent sliding characteristics, and high sealing properties, wear resistance, and pressure resistance, so that the PAN-based carbon fiber is 55 to 65% by weight and the fluororesin is 25 to 35 with respect to 100% by weight of the gland packing. % By weight, 4-8% by weight of lubricating oil and 2-6% by weight of other ingredients.

その他の成分としては、界面活性剤、炭素材料、潤滑補助剤、防錆剤および防腐剤などの各種添加剤などである。
紐状グランドパッキンは、金型内で圧縮成形して成形品として用いることもできる。
Examples of other components include surfactants, carbon materials, lubricating aids, various additives such as rust preventives and preservatives.
The string-like gland packing can also be used as a molded product by compression molding in a mold.

以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。
グランドパッキンについて、以下の方法により評価した。
(1)往復動試験
ANSI水圧試験法(規格)に基づいて試験を行った。
図1に示す往復動試験機(軸径d:20mm、スタフィングボックス内径D:33mm、スタフィングボックス深さ:90mm)に深さ調整のスペーサーリングと得られたグランドパッキンの8リングを二組装着し、下記条件でシール試験と、温度変化(常温、加熱後および熱サイクル作動後の常温)による面圧保持率(%)を測定した。
シール性は、往復作動1000回まで行った時の100回毎の水の漏れ量の平均値(cc/hr)によって評価した。表中、0cc/hrは、完全にシールされていることを示す。
(試験条件)
・ストローク:50mm
・速度:25mm/s
・摺動回数:1000往復×3サイクル
・圧力:10.3MPa(常温耐圧試験時:11MPa)
・流体:水および加熱水
・流体温度:260℃(耐圧試験時:常温)
・パッキン締付面圧:39.2MPa
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to an Example.
The gland packing was evaluated by the following method.
(1) Reciprocating test A test was performed based on the ANSI water pressure test method (standard).
Two reciprocating testing machines (shaft diameter d: 20 mm, stuffing box inner diameter D: 33 mm, stuffing box depth: 90 mm) shown in FIG. The surface pressure retention rate (%) by a seal test and temperature change (normal temperature, after heating and after thermal cycle operation) was measured under the following conditions.
The sealability was evaluated by the average value (cc / hr) of the amount of water leakage every 100 times when the reciprocating operation was performed up to 1000 times. In the table, 0 cc / hr indicates complete sealing.
(Test conditions)
・ Stroke: 50mm
・ Speed: 25mm / s
・ Sliding frequency: 1000 reciprocations x 3 cycles ・ Pressure: 10.3 MPa (at room temperature pressure resistance test: 11 MPa)
・ Fluid: Water and heated water ・ Fluid temperature: 260 ℃ (at pressure test: normal temperature)
-Packing surface pressure: 39.2MPa

(2)横型回転試験
図2に示す回転試験機(軸径d:80mm、スタフィングボックス内径D:105mm、スタフィングボックス深さ:90mm)に深さ調整のスペーサーリングとグランドパッキン4リングを二組装着し、パッキン押さえを締め付けた。下記条件でシール性の調整可否と軸都の摺動抵抗(N・m)を測定した。
(試験条件)
・周速:5m/s→10m/s(回転数:1194rpm→2388rpm)
・圧力:0.49MPa
・流体:水道水
・流体温度:20℃〜40℃
(2) Horizontal Rotation Test A depth adjustment spacer ring and 4 gland packing rings are installed on the rotation tester shown in FIG. 2 (shaft diameter d: 80 mm, stuffing box inner diameter D: 105 mm, stuffing box depth: 90 mm). The assembly was installed and the packing presser was tightened. The sealability was adjusted and the sliding resistance (N · m) was measured under the following conditions.
(Test conditions)
・ Peripheral speed: 5m / s → 10m / s (Rotation speed: 1194rpm → 2388rpm)
・ Pressure: 0.49MPa
・ Fluid: Tap water ・ Fluid temperature: 20 ℃ ~ 40 ℃

〔実施例1〕
PAN系炭素繊維(1)(フィラメント数:12000、引張強度:4900MPa、引張弾性率:230GPa、伸び:2.1%、繊度tex:800(g/1000m)、繊維径:7.0μm)に、水性懸濁液(1)を含浸させ、電気炉にて乾燥させ、編み糸(1)を得た(12000×2pry)。なお、該水性懸濁液(1)として、該水性懸濁液100重量%中、PTFE微粒子が60重量%、界面活性剤などのその他添加剤が5重量%を含む懸濁液を用いた。
[Example 1]
PAN-based carbon fiber (1) (number of filaments: 12000, tensile strength: 4900 MPa, tensile elastic modulus: 230 GPa, elongation: 2.1%, fineness tex: 800 (g / 1000 m), fiber diameter: 7.0 μm) The aqueous suspension (1) was impregnated and dried in an electric furnace to obtain a knitting yarn (1) (12000 × 2 play). As the aqueous suspension (1), a suspension containing 60% by weight of PTFE fine particles and 5% by weight of other additives such as a surfactant in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension was used.

該編み糸(1)を八つ編みで編組して太さ約3〜8mm径の紐状の編組体(1)を得た。
該編組体(1)に、水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させ、電気炉にて乾燥させ、グランドパッキン基材を得た。なお、該水性懸濁液(2)として、該水性懸濁液100重量%中、PTFE微粒子が56.5重量%、黒鉛、界面活性剤などその他添加剤が7.6重量%を含む懸濁液を用いた。
The knitting yarn (1) was braided into eight braids to obtain a braided body (1) having a diameter of about 3 to 8 mm.
The braided body (1) was impregnated with the aqueous suspension (2) and dried in an electric furnace to obtain a gland packing substrate. As the aqueous suspension (2), a suspension containing 56.5% by weight of PTFE fine particles and 7.6% by weight of other additives such as graphite and surfactant in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. The liquid was used.

該基材を所定の断面寸法に仕上げ、流動パラフィンを含浸させることでPTFEを潤滑油処理した。その後、所定の寸法に切断後、金型内で圧縮成形することにより、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。該試験用グランドパッキンは、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を59.8重量%、PTFEを31.0重量%、潤滑油を6.0重量%、黒鉛、界面活性剤などのその他成分を3.2重量%含んでいた。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、往復動試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
The base material was finished to a predetermined cross-sectional dimension, and PTFE was treated with a lubricating oil by impregnating with liquid paraffin. Then, after cutting to a predetermined dimension, a perforated disk-shaped test gland packing was obtained by compression molding in a mold. The test gland packing is 59.8% by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber, 31.0% by weight of PTFE, 6.0% by weight of lubricating oil, graphite, surfactant, etc. with respect to 100% by weight of gland packing. Of 3.2% by weight of other components.
A reciprocating motion test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔実施例2〕
実施例1において、PAN系炭素繊維(1)の代わりに、PAN系炭素繊維(2)(フィラメント数:12000、引張強度:4400MPa、引張弾性率:230GPa、伸び:1.9%、繊度tex:800(g/1000m)、繊維径:7.0μm)を用い、かつ、水性懸濁液(2)の代わりに、水性懸濁液100重量%中、PTFE微粒子が56.6重量%、その他添加剤(黒鉛、界面活性剤)が8.0重量%を含む水性懸濁液(3)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
[Example 2]
In Example 1, instead of the PAN-based carbon fiber (1), the PAN-based carbon fiber (2) (number of filaments: 12000, tensile strength: 4400 MPa, tensile elastic modulus: 230 GPa, elongation: 1.9%, fineness tex: 800 (g / 1000 m), fiber diameter: 7.0 μm), and instead of the aqueous suspension (2), 56.6 wt% of PTFE fine particles were added in 100 wt% of the aqueous suspension. A porous disc-shaped test gland packing was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aqueous suspension (3) containing 8.0% by weight of the agent (graphite, surfactant) was used. . Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例1〕
PAN系炭素繊維(1)に、水性懸濁液(a)を含浸させ、電気炉にて乾燥させ、編み糸(C1)を得た。なお、該水性懸濁液(a)として、該水性懸濁液100重量%中、PTFE微粒子が38.6重量%、その他添加剤(黒鉛、界面活性剤、および防腐剤)が7.2重量%、流動パラフィン(潤滑油)が7.6重量%を含む懸濁液を用いた。
[Comparative Example 1]
The PAN-based carbon fiber (1) was impregnated with the aqueous suspension (a) and dried in an electric furnace to obtain a knitting yarn (C1). As the aqueous suspension (a), 38.6% by weight of PTFE fine particles and 7.2% by weight of other additives (graphite, surfactant, and preservative) in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. %, A suspension containing 7.6% by weight of liquid paraffin (lubricating oil) was used.

該編み糸(C1)を八つ編みで編組して太さ約3〜8mm径の紐状の編組体(C1)を得た。
該編組体(C1)に、該水性懸濁液(a)を含浸させ、電気炉にて乾燥させ、グランドパッキン基材を得た。
The knitting yarn (C1) was braided into eight braids to obtain a string-like braid (C1) having a diameter of about 3 to 8 mm.
The braided body (C1) was impregnated with the aqueous suspension (a) and dried in an electric furnace to obtain a gland packing base material.

該基材を所定の断面寸法に仕上げ、その後、所定の寸法に切断後、金型内で圧縮成形することにより、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。該試験用グランドパッキンは、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を71.5重量%、PTFEを20.5重量%、潤滑油を4.1重量%、黒鉛、界面活性剤および防腐剤などのその他成分を3.9重量%含んでいた。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、往復動試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
The substrate was finished to a predetermined cross-sectional dimension, then cut to a predetermined dimension, and then compression molded in a mold to obtain a perforated disk-shaped test gland packing. The test gland packing is composed of 71.5% by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber, 20.5% by weight of PTFE, 4.1% by weight of lubricating oil, graphite, a surfactant, and 100% by weight of gland packing. It contained 3.9% by weight of other components such as preservatives.
A reciprocating motion test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例2〕
得られる試験用グランドパッキン中のPTFEの含有量を多くするために、比較例1における、該水性懸濁液(a)の含浸方法を変更した以外は、比較例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Example 2]
In order to increase the content of PTFE in the obtained test gland packing, it was perforated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the impregnation method of the aqueous suspension (a) in Comparative Example 1 was changed. A disc-shaped test gland packing was obtained. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例3〕
比較例1において、水性懸濁液(a)の代わりに、水性懸濁液100重量%中、PTFE微粒子が47.4重量%、その他添加剤(カーボンブラック、界面活性剤および防腐剤)が10.2重量%、流動パラフィン(潤滑油)が6.5重量%を含む懸濁液(b)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Example 3]
In Comparative Example 1, instead of the aqueous suspension (a), 47.4% by weight of PTFE fine particles and 10% of other additives (carbon black, surfactant and preservative) in 100% by weight of the aqueous suspension. A perforated disk-shaped test gland packing was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the suspension (b) containing 2% by weight and liquid paraffin (lubricant) containing 6.5% by weight was used. Obtained. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例4〕
比較例1において、PAN系炭素繊維(1)の代わりに、ピッチ系炭素繊維(1)(引張強度:800MPa、引張弾性率:35GPa、伸び:2.3%、繊維径:14.5μm)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Example 4]
In Comparative Example 1, instead of the PAN-based carbon fiber (1), pitch-based carbon fiber (1) (tensile strength: 800 MPa, tensile elastic modulus: 35 GPa, elongation: 2.3%, fiber diameter: 14.5 μm) A perforated disc-shaped test gland packing was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that it was used. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例5〕
比較例1において、PAN系炭素繊維(1)の代わりに、比較例4のピッチ系炭素繊維(1)を用い、かつ、水性懸濁液(a)の代わりに、比較例3の水性懸濁液(b)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、往復動試験の結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Example 5]
In Comparative Example 1, the pitch-based carbon fiber (1) of Comparative Example 4 was used instead of the PAN-based carbon fiber (1), and the aqueous suspension of Comparative Example 3 was used instead of the aqueous suspension (a). A perforated disc-shaped test gland packing was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the liquid (b) was used. Table 1 shows the results of the reciprocating motion test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔実施例3〕
実施例1において、該編み糸(1)を格子編み(18打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(1)を得た以外は、実施例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
Example 3
In Example 1, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the braided yarn (1) was braided by lattice knitting (18 strikes) to obtain a string-like braided body (1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔実施例4〕
実施例2において、該編み糸(1)を格子編み(18打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(1)を得た以外は、実施例2と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
Example 4
In Example 2, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the braided yarn (1) was braided by lattice knitting (18 strikes) to obtain a string-like braided body (1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例6〕
比較例1において、該編み糸(C1)を格子編み(18打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(C1)を得た以外は、比較例1と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 6]
In Comparative Example 1, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the braided yarn (C1) was braided by lattice knitting (18 strikes) to obtain a string-like braided body (C1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例7〕
比較例2において、該編み糸(C1)を袋編み(16打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(C1)を得た以外は、比較例2と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 7]
In Comparative Example 2, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the braided yarn (C1) was braided by bag knitting (16 strokes) to obtain a string-like braided body (C1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例8〕
比較例3において、該編み糸(C1)を格子編み(18打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(C1)を得た以外は、比較例3と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 8]
In Comparative Example 3, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3, except that the braided yarn (C1) was braided by lattice knitting (18 strikes) to obtain a string-like braided body (C1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例9〕
比較例4において、該編み糸(C1)を袋編み(16打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(C1)を得た以外は、比較例4と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 9]
In Comparative Example 4, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4, except that the braided yarn (C1) was braided by bag knitting (16 strokes) to obtain a string-like braided body (C1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

〔比較例10〕
比較例5において、該編み糸(C1)を格子編み(18打ち)で編組して紐状の編組体(C1)を得た以外は、比較例5と同様にして、有孔円板状の試験用グランドパッキンを得た。
該試験用グランドパッキンを用いて、横型回転試験を行った。グランドパッキンの組成と共に、横型回転試験の結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 10]
In Comparative Example 5, a perforated disk-like shape was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 5, except that the braided yarn (C1) was braided by lattice knitting (18 strikes) to obtain a string-like braided body (C1). A test gland packing was obtained.
A horizontal rotation test was performed using the test gland packing. Table 2 shows the results of the horizontal rotation test together with the composition of the gland packing.

表1に示すように、比較例1〜3に記載のグランドパッキンは、実施例に比べて、シール性が悪かった。一方、比較例5に示すように、PAN系炭素繊維に比して、表面の平滑性が悪いピッチ系炭素繊維を用いることで、潤滑油を含む水性懸濁液を用いて得られたにも拘わらず、グランドパッキンのシール性が良好である場合があった。   As shown in Table 1, the gland packing described in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 had poor sealing performance as compared with the Examples. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 5, by using pitch-based carbon fiber having poor surface smoothness compared to PAN-based carbon fiber, it was obtained using an aqueous suspension containing lubricating oil. Regardless, the sealing performance of the gland packing was sometimes good.

このことから、平滑なPAN系炭素繊維では、潤滑油による潤滑効果により、炭素繊維へのPTFE樹脂の付着性が低く、PTFE樹脂が分散しており、剥がれやすいと推定された。そのため、往復動試験の軸を摺動させることによりPTFEが脱落するとともに、フローの原因となり、接面漏洩が生じやすいと考えられた。さらに、実施例では、樹脂が炭素繊維に絡み合った後に、潤滑油を含む水性懸濁液を含浸させているため、樹脂が好適に膨潤して、より好適に絡み合い、良好なシール性と応力緩和が得られたと考えられた。   From this, it was estimated that the smooth PAN-based carbon fiber has low adhesion of the PTFE resin to the carbon fiber due to the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil, and the PTFE resin is dispersed and easily peeled off. For this reason, it was considered that the PTFE was dropped by sliding the shaft of the reciprocating test, causing a flow and easily causing contact surface leakage. Furthermore, in the examples, since the resin is entangled with the carbon fiber and then impregnated with an aqueous suspension containing a lubricating oil, the resin swells appropriately, more entangles, and has good sealing properties and stress relaxation. It was thought that was obtained.

また、ピッチ系炭素繊維に潤滑油を含んだ水性懸濁液を含浸させて得られた比較例9のグランドパッキンは、横型回転試験において安定して使用可能であったが、同等の比較例4のグランドパッキンを、往復動試験に用いた場合には、応力緩和が大きくなり、シールに必要な面圧低下大きくなるため、シール性が悪かった。比較例5のグランドパッキンでは、往復動試験のシール性と応力緩和ともに良好な結果が得られたが、同等の比較例8では、横型回転試験においてシール性の調整が不可であった。このことから、ポンプ用途に対して使用できないと判断された。これらの結果から、ピッチ系炭素繊維を用いて得られたグランドパッキンにおいても、多用途に展開できないと判断された。   Further, the gland packing of Comparative Example 9 obtained by impregnating pitch-based carbon fibers with an aqueous suspension containing a lubricating oil could be stably used in the horizontal rotation test. When this gland packing was used for a reciprocating test, the stress relaxation was increased, and the surface pressure required for sealing was increased, resulting in poor sealing performance. In the gland packing of Comparative Example 5, good results were obtained in both the sealing performance and stress relaxation of the reciprocating test, but in Comparative Example 8, the sealing performance could not be adjusted in the horizontal rotation test. From this, it was judged that it could not be used for pump applications. From these results, it was determined that the gland packing obtained using pitch-based carbon fibers could not be used for many purposes.

一方、表1および2に示すように、実施例のグランドパッキンは、漏洩とパッキンの破壊が確認されなかった。そのため、バルブ用途のシール性と耐圧性を満たし、バルブ用途に対して使用可能と判断された。また、横型回転試験においても安定して使用可能であったため、ポンプ用途に対しても使用可能と判断された。それゆえ、本発明のグランドパッキンによれば、往復動機だけでなく、回転機にも適用できることがわかった。本発明の製造方法によれば、禁油用途や高圧用途といった多用途に展開でき、摺動特性に優れ、高いシール性、耐摩耗性、放熱性、耐圧性および耐久性を発揮し、取扱い性に優れるグランドパッキンを得ることができることがわかった。   On the other hand, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, leakage and destruction of the packing were not confirmed in the gland packing of the example. Therefore, it was judged that the sealing performance and pressure resistance of the valve application were satisfied and the valve application could be used. In addition, since it could be used stably in the horizontal rotation test, it was judged that it could be used for pump applications. Therefore, it was found that the gland packing of the present invention can be applied not only to a reciprocating machine but also to a rotating machine. According to the production method of the present invention, it can be expanded to various uses such as oil-free applications and high-pressure applications, has excellent sliding characteristics, exhibits high sealing performance, wear resistance, heat dissipation, pressure resistance and durability, and is easy to handle. It was found that an excellent gland packing can be obtained.

Claims (7)

PAN系炭素繊維に、潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸させる工程(1)と、
含浸後のPAN系炭素繊維を編組して、編組体を得る工程(2)と、
該編組体に、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(2)を含浸させて、グランドパッキン基材を得る工程(3)と、
を含む、グランドパッキンの製造方法。
A step (1) of impregnating a PAN-based carbon fiber with an aqueous suspension (1) which does not contain a lubricating oil and contains a fluorine-based resin;
A step (2) of braiding the impregnated PAN-based carbon fiber to obtain a braided body;
Impregnating the braided body with an aqueous suspension (2) containing a fluororesin to obtain a gland packing base material (3);
A method for manufacturing a gland packing.
さらに、工程(3)で得られたグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させる工程(4)を含む、請求項1に記載のグランドパッキンの製造方法。   Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the gland packing of Claim 1 including the process (4) which makes the gland packing base material obtained at the process (3) impregnate a lubricating oil composition. 前記水性懸濁液(1)におけるフッ素系樹脂が、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)であり、
前記水性懸濁液(2)におけるフッ素系樹脂が、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)である、請求項1または2に記載のグランドパッキンの製造方法。
The fluororesin in the aqueous suspension (1) is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE),
The manufacturing method of the gland packing of Claim 1 or 2 whose fluorine-type resin in the said aqueous suspension (2) is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
前記水性懸濁液(2)が、さらに、黒鉛、カーボンブラック、アモルファスウィスカーカーボン、グラファイト、アセチレンブラックから選ばれる少なくとも1種の炭素材料を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のグランドパッキンの製造方法。   4. The aqueous suspension (2) according to claim 1, further comprising at least one carbon material selected from graphite, carbon black, amorphous whisker carbon, graphite, and acetylene black. Manufacturing method of gland packing. 得られたグランドパッキンが、グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を45〜75重量%、フッ素系樹脂を15〜45重量%、潤滑油を0〜10重量%およびその他の成分を0〜8重量%含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のグランドパッキンの製造方法。   The obtained gland packing is 45 to 75% by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber, 15 to 45% by weight of fluororesin, 0 to 10% by weight of lubricating oil and other components with respect to 100% by weight of gland packing. The manufacturing method of the gland packing as described in any one of Claims 1-4 containing 0-8 weight%. 潤滑油を含まず、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(1)を含浸してなるPAN系炭素繊維を編組してなる編組体を、フッ素系樹脂を含む水性懸濁液(2)に含浸してなるグランドパッキン基材に、潤滑油組成物を含浸させてなる、グランドパッキン。   Aqueous suspension (2) containing fluororesin is impregnated with a braided body made of braided PAN-based carbon fiber impregnated with aqueous suspension (1) containing fluororesin without lubricating oil A gland packing made by impregnating a lubricating oil composition into a gland packing substrate. グランドパッキン100重量%に対して、PAN系炭素繊維を55〜65重量%、フッ素系樹脂を25〜35重量%、潤滑油を4〜8重量%およびその他の成分を2〜6重量%含む、請求項6に記載のグランドパッキン。   PAN-based carbon fiber is 55 to 65% by weight, fluorine-based resin is 25 to 35% by weight, lubricating oil is 4 to 8% by weight, and other components are 2 to 6% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the gland packing. The gland packing according to claim 6.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190132748A (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 한국철도기술연구원 Sealing device for Hyper Tube
KR20200041435A (en) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-22 (주)동인 A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a fluorine resin packing used in semiconductor manufacturing, a manufacturing method of a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing apparatus, and a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing method
JP2020176681A (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-29 中国電力株式会社 Water leakage countermeasure device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190132748A (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 한국철도기술연구원 Sealing device for Hyper Tube
KR102122076B1 (en) * 2018-05-21 2020-06-26 한국철도기술연구원 Sealing device for Hyper Tube
KR20200041435A (en) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-22 (주)동인 A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a fluorine resin packing used in semiconductor manufacturing, a manufacturing method of a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing apparatus, and a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing method
KR102104247B1 (en) 2018-10-12 2020-04-24 (주)동인 A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a fluorine resin packing used in semiconductor manufacturing, a manufacturing method of a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing apparatus, and a fluorine resin packing for semiconductor manufacturing using the manufacturing method
JP2020176681A (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-29 中国電力株式会社 Water leakage countermeasure device

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