JP2017531817A - 切換え式回折格子を利用した導波路アイトラッキング - Google Patents
切換え式回折格子を利用した導波路アイトラッキング Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
次に、図4A〜図4Hを使用して、本技術の様々な実施形態による導波路412の具体的な特徴について説明する。最初に、図4A及び図4Bを使用して、眼440で反射される赤外光を収集して、その赤外光をアイトラッキングに使用するためにアイトラッキング用IRセンサ(例えば図2B及び図3Aを参照して上述した134B)に提供するために使用される導波路412の部分について説明する。したがって、導波路412は、アイトラッカ導波路412又はアイトラッキング導波路412と呼ばれることもある。さらに一般的には、導波路は、眼をトラッキングする際に使用される装置と呼ばれることもある。
Claims (10)
- 赤外波長を有する赤外光で照明される眼をトラッキングする際に使用される装置であって、
入力結合器及び出力結合器を含む、透明な導波路を含む装置であり、
前記入力結合器が、互いに平行に配列された2つ以上の電子切換え式回折格子のスタックを含み、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが、それぞれのレンズ屈折力及びそれぞれのプリズム屈折力を有し、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれの前記レンズ屈折力が、互いに異なり、前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが異なる焦点距離を有するようになっており、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが、オンにされたときに、前記赤外波長を有する赤外光を受け、前記受けた赤外光を前記導波路内に結合するようになされる、装置。 - 前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが、下側境界及び上側境界を有し、前記上側境界が、前記下側境界よりも前記出力結合器に近く、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが、前記下側境界において、前記上側境界における前記電子切換え式回折格子のkベクトル角より大きなkベクトル角を有し、前記下側境界と前記上側境界の間のkベクトル角が、前記電子切換え式回折格子の格子平面と前記上側境界の間の距離が減少するにつれて徐々に減少する、請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記出力結合器において前記導波路から出射する赤外光ビームに応じて眼を撮像するセンサと、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれがいつオンにされるかを、1度にオンにされる前記電子切換え式回折格子が1つだけであるように制御する入力結合器制御装置と、
前記センサを用いて取得された眼の2つ以上の像を解析して、前記電子切換え式回折格子のうちのどの1つが、オンにされたときに眼又はその一部分の最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供するかを決定する像解析器とをさらに含み、
前記入力結合器制御装置が、像解析モジュールが前記眼の最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供すると決定した、前記電子切換え式回折格子のうちの1つが、アイトラッキング中に前記眼を撮像するために使用されるようにする、請求項1又は2に記載の装置。 - 前記入力結合器が、互いに平行に配列された2つ以上の電子切換え式回折格子の第2のスタックを含み、前記第2のスタックが、第1のスタックに隣接し、前記第2のスタックの前記電子切換え式回折格子が、前記第1のスタックの前記電子切換え式回折格子によって与えられる視野とは異なる視野を提供する、請求項1又は2に記載の装置。
- 前記出力結合器において前記導波路から出射する赤外光ビームに応じて眼を撮像するセンサと、
前記第1のスタック及び前記第2のスタックの前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれがいつオンにされるかを、1度にオンにされる前記電子切換え式回折格子が1つだけであるように制御する入力結合器制御モジュールと、
前記センサを用いて取得された像を解析して、前記電子切換え式回折格子のうちのどの1つが、オンにされたときに眼をその視野内に含み、眼又はその一部分の最も鮮鋭な像を提供するかを決定する像解析モジュールとをさらに含む、請求項4に記載の装置。 - 眼をトラッキングする際に使用される方法であって、
導波路の入力結合器が眼とほぼ軸方向に位置合わせされている間に前記眼を赤外光で照明することであり、前記入力結合器が、互いに平行に配列された2つ以上の電子切換え式回折格子のスタックを含み、前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが、それぞれのレンズ屈折力及びそれぞれのプリズム屈折力を有し、前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれの前記レンズ屈折力が互いに異なり、前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが異なる焦点距離を有するようになっていることと、
前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが別々の期間だけ個別にオンにされるように、前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子のうち、1度に1つだけを選択的にオンにさせることと、
前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれが別個にオンにされる間に、前記導波路の出力結合器で前記導波路から出射する赤外光ビームに応じて前記眼を別個に撮像することにより、前記眼の2つ以上の像を取得することと、
前記眼の前記2つ以上の像を解析して、前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子のうちのどの1つが、オンにされたときに、前記眼又はその一部分の最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供するかを決定することとを含む、方法。 - 前記眼又はその一部分の前記最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供する前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子がオンである間に取得された前記眼の1つ又は複数の像を使用して、アイトラッキングを実行することをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記眼又はその一部分の前記最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供する前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子がオンである間に前記導波路に進入した赤外光ビームに応じてアイトラッキングデータを生成することと、
前記アイトラッキングデータに基づいて適用の態様を制御又は修正することとをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記解析することが、
前記2つ以上の像のそれぞれの解像度、コントラスト、又はエントロピのうちの少なくとも1つの測度を決定することによって、前記2つ以上の像のそれぞれについて合焦のメトリックを決定することと、
前記2つ以上の像のうちのどの1つが最大の合焦のメトリックを有するかを決定することと、
前記最大の合焦のメトリックを有する像を取得するために使用された前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子のうちの1つを、前記眼又はその一部分の前記最も良好に焦点の合った像を提供する電子切換え式回折格子として選択することとを含む、請求項6、7、又は8に記載の方法。 - 前記入力結合器の前記電子切換え式回折格子のそれぞれの下側境界から上側境界の間で徐々に減少するkベクトル角を使用して、前記入力結合器によって前記導波路内に結合される前記赤外光の少なくとも大部分を、前記導波路内を前記導波路の前記出力結合器まで伝搬させることと、
前記導波路の前記出力結合器を使用して、前記入力結合器から前記出力結合器まで伝搬した前記赤外光ビームを前記導波路から出射させることとをさらに含む、請求項6、7、又は8に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/495,273 | 2014-09-24 | ||
US14/495,273 US9494799B2 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2014-09-24 | Waveguide eye tracking employing switchable diffraction gratings |
PCT/US2015/050316 WO2016048729A1 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2015-09-16 | Waveguide eye tracking employing switchable diffraction gratings |
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