JP2017202541A - Drill reamer - Google Patents
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- JP2017202541A JP2017202541A JP2016095003A JP2016095003A JP2017202541A JP 2017202541 A JP2017202541 A JP 2017202541A JP 2016095003 A JP2016095003 A JP 2016095003A JP 2016095003 A JP2016095003 A JP 2016095003A JP 2017202541 A JP2017202541 A JP 2017202541A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、機械加工に用いる穴加工用切削工具、とくに下穴をあけてリーマ仕上げを行う複溝ドリルリーマに関する。 The present invention relates to a cutting tool for drilling used in machining, and more particularly to a double groove drill reamer that drills a pilot hole and performs reamer finishing.
従来のこの種のドリルリーマとして特許文献１には、後側にシャンクを有する軸の前側に複数条のねじれ刃溝を形成し、軸先端にドリル用切刃を、これより後方のシャンク側にリーマ用の切刃を形成し、下穴用ドリル部の外径を穴仕上げ用リーマ部の外径よりやや小さくしたドリルリーマが開示され、実施例には、被削材ＳＳ４１を切削速度３８ｍ／ｍｉｎ、送り速度３００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎで穴加工した結果、穴の等級はＨ７であったことが記載されている。 As a conventional drill reamer of this type, Patent Document 1 discloses that a plurality of twisted blade grooves are formed on the front side of a shaft having a shank on the rear side, a drill cutting blade is provided at the tip of the shaft, and a reamer on the rear shank side. A drill reamer is disclosed in which the outer diameter of the drill hole for the prepared hole is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the reamer for hole finishing, and the working material SS41 is cut at a cutting speed of 38 m / min. It is described that the hole grade was H7 as a result of drilling at a feed rate of 300 mm / min.
また特許文献２には、シャンクとボデーよりなるドリルリーマＡのボデーに回転軸線と平行なドリル溝、リーマ溝、逃げ溝を一対ずつ形成すると共に、各溝の回転方向後方にそれぞれドリルランド、リーマランド、案内ランドを形成し、更にドリルランドに形成されるマージンの軸方向先端にドリル切刃を形成すると共に、該ドリル切刃による下穴形成に続いて下穴の仕上げ切削を行うリーマ刃をリーマランドに形成し、かつ前記マージンと、案内ランドに形成される案内面によりドリルリーマの支持・案内を行って切削時の安定性、芯ずれ防止、良好な仕上げ面粗さを確保することができる、とする複溝ドリルリーマが開示され、実施例にはＡＤＣ１２製の被削材を周速２００ｍ／ｍｉｎ、工具径４〜６％の送り量で８〜９級のＩＴ精度を得ることができ、面粗さが１２．５μｍ程度で工具径の６％程度まで送り量を大きくすることができた、とも記載されている。 Further, in Patent Document 2, a pair of drill grooves, reamer grooves, and relief grooves parallel to the rotation axis are formed on the body of the drill reamer A composed of a shank and a body. A reamer blade that forms a guide land and further forms a drill cutting edge at the tip end in the axial direction of the margin formed on the drill land and performs a finish cutting of the prepared hole following the formation of the prepared hole by the drill cutting blade. It is formed on the land, and the margin and the guide surface formed on the guide land support and guide the drill reamer to ensure stability during cutting, prevention of misalignment, and good finished surface roughness. A multi-groove drill reamer is disclosed, and in the examples, it is possible to achieve an IT accuracy of 8 to 9 grades with a workpiece made of ADC12 at a peripheral speed of 200 m / min and a feed amount of 4 to 6% of the tool diameter Rukoto can, surface roughness was able to increase the amount of feed to about 6% of the tool diameter of about 12.5 .mu.m, are together described.
近年顧客から要求される穴加工精度は更に厳しくなると共に、硬質材でも高能率でかつ、長寿命で加工できるという要求レベルになって来ており、特許文献１或いは特許文献２記載のレベルのドリルリーマでは満足できない状況になってきている。 In recent years, the drilling accuracy required by customers has become more severe, and it has come to the required level that even hard materials can be processed with high efficiency and a long service life. The drill reamer of the level described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 Then we are not satisfied.
本発明者は、前記ドリル刃のドリルランドのマージンに軸方向の凹凸を付けることにより下穴加工時の抵抗及び擦り現象を大幅に軽減することができ、これにより後続のリーマ刃による穴加工精度を大幅に向上できることを見出だした。 The present inventor can greatly reduce resistance and rubbing phenomenon at the time of drilling a hole by adding an unevenness in the axial direction to the margin of the drill land of the drill blade, thereby improving the hole machining accuracy by the subsequent reamer blade. It was found that can be greatly improved.
本発明は、この知見に基づいて成されたもので、複溝ドリルリーマによる穴加工精度及び能率の向上と長寿命化を可能とした複溝ドリルリーマを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made based on this finding, and an object of the present invention is to provide a double groove drill reamer capable of improving the hole machining accuracy and efficiency by the double groove drill reamer and extending its life.
請求項１に係る発明は、シャンクと軸方向前側のボデーよりなり、該ボデーにはドリルランドとリーマランドが回転軸線ｏを対称軸として互いに対称に形成されると共に、各ランドの外周面には前記回転軸線ｏを中心とする円筒面の一部が形成され、ドリルランドのマージン先端部には下穴用のドリル刃が形成され、またリーマランド先端部には穴仕上げ用のリーマ刃が形成される複溝ドリルリーマにおいて、前記ドリルランドのマージンのうち、少なくとも先端側の前側がリーマランドより小径で、かつ外周面が軸方向の波状に形成されることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 includes a shank and a front body in the axial direction. In the body, a drill land and a reamer land are formed symmetrically with respect to a rotational axis o as a symmetry axis. A part of a cylindrical surface centering on the rotation axis o is formed, a drill blade for a pilot hole is formed at the tip of the margin of the drill land, and a reamer blade for hole finishing is formed at the tip of the reamer land. The multi-groove drill reamer is characterized in that at least the front side of the tip end side of the margin of the drill land is smaller in diameter than the reamer land, and the outer peripheral surface is formed in a wavy shape in the axial direction.
請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に係る発明において、ドリルランドのマージンに形成される波状は山部と谷部よりなり、最先端の一山目における山部の前方に向かって傾斜する山裾に前記ドリル刃が接続され、ドリル刃と前記山裾との交点であるドリル外周コーナでの山裾への接線とドリル刃のなす角が鈍角をなすことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the wavy shape formed in the margin of the drill land is composed of a peak portion and a valley portion, and inclines toward the front of the peak portion at the first peak of the leading edge. The drill blade is connected to a mountain hem, and an angle formed by a tangent to the mountain hem at a drill outer periphery corner, which is an intersection of the drill blade and the mountain hem, is an obtuse angle.
請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１又は２に係る発明のドリルにおけるドリル先端の正面視において、前記回転軸線ｏと前記ドリル外周コーナを結ぶ線と、前記回転軸線ｏとリーマランドの回転方向後方に位置する任意の点を結ぶ線とのなす角βがほぼ９０°であることを特徴とする。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the front view of the drill tip in the drill of the first or second aspect of the invention, a line connecting the rotation axis o and the drill outer corner, and a rotation direction of the rotation axis o and the reamer land An angle β formed by a line connecting an arbitrary point located behind is approximately 90 °.
請求項４に係る発明は、請求項１ないし３のいずれかの発明において、前記ドリル外周コーナとリーマランド先端の外周コーナとの距離Ｈと被削材にあけられる穴の深さｈは、Ｈ≦ｈ、好ましくはＨ≦１／２ｈであることを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the distance H between the outer peripheral corner of the drill and the outer peripheral corner of the reamer land and the depth h of the hole drilled in the work material are: ≦ h, preferably H ≦ 1 / 2h.
従来の複溝ドリルリーマのドリルランドは、ドリル刃及びリーマランドと同一径の円筒面を備え、下穴形成時には下穴内周面を摺接し、穴仕上げ時にはリーマランドと共に穴内周面を摺接することによりドリルリーマを支持する作用を有しているが、同時に回転と送りに抵抗する反作用も増え、摩擦熱や摩耗が増大する。 The drill land of a conventional multi-groove drill reamer has a cylindrical surface having the same diameter as the drill blade and reamer land, and when the pilot hole is formed, the inner peripheral surface of the pilot hole is slidably contacted. Although it has the effect | action which supports a drill reamer, the reaction which resists rotation and feeding simultaneously increases, and frictional heat and wear increase.
これに対し、請求項１に係る発明によれば、ドリル刃外周コーナに続くドリルランドのマージンは少なくとも先端側の前側が軸方向に波状に形成されているため、マージンで穴内周面を摺接する面積が従来の複溝ドリルリーマのマージンに比べ大幅に軽減され、切削加工時におけるマージンでの抵抗及び擦り現象を大幅に少なくすることができる。これによってまた、ドリル刃により形成される下穴の精度が向上し、ドリル刃に続くリーマ刃による穴仕上加工を更に高精度に行うことができ、硬質材の穴加工においても従来の複溝ドリルリーマより加工精度の向上と加工能率の向上を図ることが可能となる。 On the other hand, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the margin of the drill land following the outer periphery of the drill blade is formed in a wavy shape in the axial direction at least at the front end side. The area is greatly reduced compared to the margin of the conventional double groove drill reamer, and the resistance and rubbing phenomenon at the margin during cutting can be greatly reduced. This also improves the precision of the pilot hole formed by the drill blade, enabling the hole finishing with the reamer blade following the drill blade to be performed with higher accuracy, and the conventional double groove drill reamer in drilling hard materials. It becomes possible to improve the machining accuracy and the machining efficiency.
また従来の複溝ドリルリーマの場合、ドリル外周コーナが角張っているため、硬質材の穴加工時にはとくに、ドリル外周コーナに欠けを生じることがあり、またドリルリーマを機械主軸側に把持した時、芯振れがあると深穴加工時では、このドリル外周コーナにより穴内面に螺旋状の傷を付けるおそれがあり、リーマ刃による穴仕上げ後も傷が残るなどの問題があった。 Also, in the case of conventional double groove drill reamers, the drill outer periphery corner is angular, which may cause chipping in the drill outer periphery corner, especially when drilling hard materials, and when the drill reamer is gripped on the machine spindle side, runout may occur. When deep holes are drilled, there is a possibility that the inner surface of the hole may be spirally scratched by the outer peripheral corner of the drill, and there is a problem that scratches remain even after finishing a hole with a reamer blade.
これに対し、請求項２に係る発明の複溝ドリルリーマは、ドリル切刃の外周コーナは波状マージンの最先端の山部頂点から前方に向かって下る山裾に繋がり、ドリル外周コーナでの山裾との接線とドリル刃のなす角θが鈍角で角張っていないため、ドリル外周コーナの強度が向上して欠けが生じ難くなると共に、穴内周面にドリル外周コーナによる傷が付くのを防ぐことができ、僅かな傷が生ずるとしてもリーマ刃による穴仕上げで除去可能な程度の傷で、穴を高精度に仕上げることができる。 On the other hand, in the double groove drill reamer of the invention according to claim 2, the outer peripheral corner of the drill cutting edge is connected to the mountain skirt descending forward from the apex of the most prominent peak of the wavy margin, Since the angle θ between the tangent and the drill blade is obtuse and not angular, the strength of the outer periphery of the drill is improved and chipping is less likely to occur, and the inner surface of the hole can be prevented from being damaged by the outer periphery of the drill. Even if a slight scratch occurs, the hole can be finished with high accuracy with a scratch that can be removed by hole finishing with a reamer blade.
請求項３に係る発明によると、複溝ドリルリーマは先端側の正面視において、回転軸線ｏとドリル外周コーナを結ぶ線と、回転軸線ｏとリーマランドの回転方向後方の任意の点を結ぶ線のなす角βがほぼ９０°となるようにしたことにより、リーマランドが穴内周面を摺接しながら穴仕上げを行う際のドリル刃で受ける抵抗の反作用をリーマランドの回転方向後方部で受けられるようになり、これによりドリルリーマが前記作用により左右に振られるのを防止し、穴仕上げにおいても、より高精度な穴加工が可能となる。 According to the invention of claim 3, the double-groove drill reamer has a line connecting the rotation axis o and the drill outer corner and a line connecting the rotation axis o and an arbitrary point behind the reamer land in the front view on the front end side. By making the angle β formed approximately 90 °, the reaction of the resistance that the reamer land receives with the drill blade when finishing the hole while sliding the inner peripheral surface of the hole can be received at the rear part in the rotational direction of the reamer land. Thus, the drill reamer is prevented from being swung from side to side due to the above-described action, and more accurate drilling can be performed in the hole finishing.
請求項４に係る発明によると、ドリル刃による下穴加工につづいてすぐにリーマランドのマージンが穴内周面に達してガイドするようになり、高精度な穴加工が可能となる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the margin of the reamer land reaches the inner peripheral surface of the hole and guides immediately after the drilling of the prepared hole by the drill blade, thereby enabling highly accurate drilling.
以下、本実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマについて図面により説明する。
図１及び図２は、第１実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマを示すもので、全体が超硬合金製で、シャンク１と、先端側のボデー２よりなり、ボデー２には回転軸線ｏを対称軸として互いに対称に二条のドリル溝３が螺旋状に形成されている。そして各ドリル溝３の溝間には、後述のドリル刃が形成されるドリルルランドのマージン５と、間に細溝６を挟んで並設され、外周面が円筒面の一部をなす第１及び第２のリーマランド７及び８とが前記ドリル溝３と捩り角を同じくしてそれぞれ螺旋状に回転軸線ｏを対称軸として対称に形成されている。
Hereinafter, the double groove drill reamer of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show the double groove drill reamer of the first embodiment, which is entirely made of cemented carbide, and is composed of a shank 1 and a body 2 on the tip side. The body 2 has a rotational axis o as an axis of symmetry. As shown in FIG. 2, two drill grooves 3 are formed in a spiral shape symmetrically to each other. And between the groove | channels of each drill groove | channel 3, it arrange | positions in parallel with the margin 5 of the drill land which the below-mentioned drill blade is formed on both sides of the narrow groove 6, and the outer peripheral surface makes a part of cylindrical surface. The second reamer lands 7 and 8 are formed in a spiral manner with the same twist angle as the drill groove 3 and symmetrically with the rotational axis o as the axis of symmetry.
前記マージン５の回転方向前側の側壁は、ドリル溝３を形成する側壁３ａ、３ｂのうちの回転方向後方に位置する側壁３ｂで、側壁３ａ、３ｂは図３に示すように湾曲して形成されている。 The side wall on the front side in the rotation direction of the margin 5 is a side wall 3b located on the rear side in the rotation direction among the side walls 3a and 3b forming the drill groove 3, and the side walls 3a and 3b are curved and formed as shown in FIG. ing.
前記マージン５はまた、軸方向先端に位置するドリル外周コーナ９からボデー長さの半分程度までが外周面を凹凸に形成した波状マージン５ａとなっており、図４に示すように、山部と谷部で凹凸に形成される波状マージン５ａの各山部は頂点での直径Ｄ２がそれぞれ同一で、リーマランド７及び８の直径Ｄ１より小径となっている。 The margin 5 is also a wavy margin 5a in which the outer peripheral surface is formed with irregularities from the drill outer peripheral corner 9 located at the tip in the axial direction to about half of the body length, and as shown in FIG. each crests of the wavy margins 5a formed in irregularities in the valleys of the same diameter D 2 at the apex, respectively, has a smaller diameter than the diameter D 1 of the reamer lands 7 and 8.
波状マージン５ａは、マージン５の軸方向の大部分又は溝長にわたって形成してもよいし、先端より一部区間のみに形成し、山部を２、３山分のみ形成してもよい。いずれの場合も波状マージン５ａは長手方向において、山部頂点での直径Ｄ２が一定にされるが、先端に向かって漸次細切り状になすように形成してもよい。しかしながら製作を容易にし、後述のドリル刃が損傷したときに波状マージン５ａを先端から適所離れた箇所、例えば山部を一ないし二山分切除し、切除した箇所に新たなドリル刃を形成する再生が行えるようにするために波状マージン５ａは先細りでなく、直径が一定となるように形成しておくのが望ましい。 The wavy margin 5a may be formed over most of the margin 5 in the axial direction or the groove length, or may be formed only in a part of the section from the tip, and only a few peaks may be formed. In wavy margins 5a are longitudinal any case, the diameter D 2 at the apex crest is constant, may be formed so as to gradually form shredded shape toward the tip. However, it is easy to manufacture, and when a later-described drill blade is damaged, the wavy margin 5a is removed from the tip at an appropriate location, for example, one or two peaks, and a new drill blade is formed at the excised location. In order to be able to perform this, it is desirable that the wavy margin 5a is not tapered but formed so as to have a constant diameter.
ドリル刃１１は前記波状マージン５ａの回転方向前側の側壁３ｂの軸方向先端部に、前記ドリル外周コーナ９から前方に向け急傾斜してチゼル１０に達するまで形成され、ドリル外周コーナ９での回転方向の逃げ角が図２、図３及び図９にαとして示してある。この逃げ角αは０°〜２０°とされる。この逃げ角αは小さ過ぎると、波状マージンの山頂部が穴内周面を摺接する面積が多くなって抵抗が増え、反対に逃げ角αが大き過ぎると、山頂部が欠ける恐れを生ずる。したがって前記逃げ角αは３°〜１２°の範囲が望ましい。 The drill blade 11 is formed at the front end in the axial direction of the side wall 3b on the front side in the rotational direction of the wavy margin 5a until it suddenly inclines forward from the drill outer peripheral corner 9 and reaches the chisel 10, and rotates at the drill outer peripheral corner 9. The clearance angle in the direction is shown as α in FIGS. The clearance angle α is set to 0 ° to 20 °. If the clearance angle α is too small, the area where the peak portion of the wavy margin slidably contacts the inner peripheral surface of the hole increases, and resistance increases. Conversely, if the clearance angle α is too large, the peak portion may be lost. Therefore, the clearance angle α is preferably in the range of 3 ° to 12 °.
図５〜図７は、ドリル先端コーナ９に至るまでのドリル刃１１とドリル先端コーナ９から二山目までの波状マージン５ａの断面を示すもので、波状マージン５ａは図５において、正弦波を形成する湾曲した山部５ｂと谷部５ｃで形成され、図６においては山部５ｂの頂部断面が平坦で、谷に向かう両角がＲ状をなし、谷部５ｂ断面が湾曲して形成されている。また図７においては、山部５ｂの頂部断面が平坦で、谷部５ｃ断面がＶ溝状に形成されている。いずれにおいても従来の複溝ドリルリーマにおけるドリルランドの凹凸のない円筒面の一部で形成されるマージンよりは穴内面への摺接面積を減ずることができ、摺接抵抗も減少する。 5 to 7 show a cross section of the drill blade 11 leading to the drill tip corner 9 and the wavy margin 5a from the drill tip corner 9 to the second peak. The wavy margin 5a is a sine wave in FIG. It is formed by a curved peak portion 5b and a valley portion 5c to be formed. In FIG. 6, the top section of the peak portion 5b is flat, both angles toward the valley form an R shape, and the section of the valley portion 5b is curved. Yes. In FIG. 7, the top section of the peak 5b is flat, and the valley 5c section is formed in a V-groove shape. In any case, the sliding contact area with respect to the inner surface of the hole can be reduced and the sliding contact resistance can be reduced as compared with the margin formed by a part of the cylindrical surface without the unevenness of the drill land in the conventional double groove drill reamer.
先端ドリル外周コーナ９は、図５〜図７に示されるように、波状マージン５ａ先端から一山目の最先端の山部における前方に向かって傾斜する山裾中腹に位置し、ドリル刃１１とドリル外周コーナ９での山裾への接線となす角θが鈍角となっている。ドリル外周コーナ９が例えば谷底に向かう前側の斜面上にあって、角θが鋭角をなし、ドリル外周コーナ９が角張っていると、切削時にドリル外周コーナ９で欠けを生じ易くなり、欠けを生ずると、すくい角が負となり、その結果、構成刃先と称される被削材の溶着が起き易くなり、このために下穴内周面が傷ついて後述のリーマ刃による穴仕上後も傷が除去されないで残るおそれがあるが、前記角θが鈍角であると、ドリル外周コーナ９で欠けが生じ難く、前記のような問題も生じ難い。 As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the tip drill outer peripheral corner 9 is located in the middle of the mountain skirt that inclines forward from the tip of the wavy margin 5 a toward the frontmost peak of the first mountain, the drill blade 11 and the drill. An angle θ formed with a tangent to the mountain hem at the outer corner 9 is an obtuse angle. For example, if the drill outer corner 9 is on the front slope facing the valley bottom, the angle θ is acute, and the drill outer corner 9 is angular, the drill outer corner 9 is likely to chip during cutting, resulting in chipping. As a result, the rake angle becomes negative, and as a result, welding of the work material called the component cutting edge is likely to occur, and for this reason, the inner peripheral surface of the prepared hole is damaged, and the scratch is not removed even after finishing the hole with the reamer blade described later. However, if the angle θ is an obtuse angle, the drill outer periphery corner 9 is less likely to be chipped, and the above-described problems are less likely to occur.
リーマランド７は、図１、図４及び図８に示されるように、外周コーナが前記ドリル外周コーナ９より軸方向後方に「Ｈ」量後退し、リーマランド８はリーマランド７より更に若干後退している。そして並設のリーマランド７及び８は共に回転軸線ｏに沿って一定の直径Ｄ１をなし、外周面が回転軸ｏを中心とする円筒面の一部となっている。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 8, the reamer land 7 retreats by “H” amount in the axial rearward direction from the drill outer periphery corner 9, and the reamer land 8 retreats slightly more than the reamer land 7. doing. And none reamer lands 7 and constant diameter D 1 both along the axis of rotation o the 8 juxtaposed, are part of the cylindrical surface is an outer peripheral surface about the axis of rotation o.
リーマランド７及び８はまた、その回転方向前端のエッジがリーマ刃１３、１４となり、該リーマ刃１３、１４の軸方向先端が食付き部となっている。図２における１３ａがリーマ刃１３の食付き部、１４ａがリーマ刃１４の食付き部を示す。このリーマ刃１３及び１４はリーマランド７及び８と同じく同一直径Ｄ１で、前述するように前記ドリル刃１１の直径Ｄ２より若干大きくなっており、ドリル刃１１の直径とこのリーマ刃１３、１４の直径の差Ｄ１−Ｄ２がリーマ代で仕上代となる。 The reamer lands 7 and 8 also have reamer blades 13 and 14 at the front ends in the rotational direction, and the axial ends of the reamer blades 13 and 14 are biting portions. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 13 a denotes a biting portion of the reamer blade 13, and reference numeral 14 a denotes a biting portion of the reamer blade 14. The reamer blades 13 and 14 are also the same diameter D 1 and reamer lands 7 and 8, which is slightly larger than the diameter D 2 of the drill bit 11 to above, the reamer blade 13 and the diameter of the drill bit 11, A diameter difference D 1 -D 2 of 14 becomes a finishing allowance in the reamer cost.
なおドリル先端の正面視である図２において、一対のドリル外周コーナ９のうちの一方（図２に図示する例においては下側）のドリル外周コーナ９と回転軸線ｏを結ぶ線と、ドリル外周コーナ９の回転方向後方のリーマランド７、好ましくはリーマランド８上の任意点と前記回転軸線ｏを結ぶ線とのなす角βはほぼ９０°とされる。図８に示すようなドリルリーマのように、角βが鋭角で小さいと、穴あけ時に作用する切削抵抗力Ｆによる下穴内周面からの反作用を受ける面が小さくなり、その結果、ドリルリーマに撓みを生じて振れ（図２においては左右の振れ）が出易くなるのに対し、図２に示されるように前記角βをほぼ９０°にすると、下穴内周面からの反作用を受ける面が多くなり、その結果、前記撓みを抑制して図２における左右の振れを生じ難くする。逆に角βを９０°より大の鈍角にすると、ドリル溝３からの切屑の排出や切屑の詰まりにより切削を困難にし、リーマ刃による穴仕上げによっても除去できない切屑による傷が下穴内面に付き易くなり、好ましくない。 In FIG. 2, which is a front view of the drill tip, one of the pair of drill outer periphery corners 9 (the lower side in the example shown in FIG. 2), a line connecting the drill outer periphery corner 9 and the rotation axis o, and the drill outer periphery An angle β formed by an arbitrary point on the reamer land 7, preferably on the reamer land 8 behind the corner 9, and a line connecting the rotation axis o is approximately 90 °. If the angle β is acute and small as shown in the drill reamer as shown in FIG. 8, the surface that receives a reaction from the inner peripheral surface of the prepared hole due to the cutting resistance force F that acts at the time of drilling becomes small, resulting in bending of the drill reamer. As shown in FIG. 2, when the angle β is approximately 90 °, the surface that receives a reaction from the inner peripheral surface of the pilot hole increases. As a result, the deflection is suppressed and the left and right shakes in FIG. Conversely, if the angle β is set to an obtuse angle greater than 90 °, cutting becomes difficult due to chip discharge from the drill groove 3 and chip clogging, and scratches caused by chip that cannot be removed even by hole finishing with a reamer blade are attached to the inner surface of the pilot hole. It becomes easy and is not preferable.
本実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマＡは以上のように構成され、被削材への切削時、ドリル刃１１により下穴が形成されるが、波状マージン５ａを有しないマージンの外周面が円筒面の一部をなす従来のドリルリーマでは、マージン外周面が下穴内周面と擦れ、摩擦熱発生や摩擦が激しくなり、穴内周面にも傷を付け易くなるのに対し、本実施形態のドリルリーマのようにマージン５の前方側が波状マージン５ａになっていると、波状マージン５ａの山頂部が下穴内周面に接触するにしても先端から一山ないし二山目位までで、その接触も点に近い接触になるため、摩擦熱や摩耗が軽減される。反面点に近い接触により穴内面のガイド性が低下し、下穴加工時に振れが生じ易くなって穴精度は悪くなることが懸念されるが、図１に示す実施形態のドリルリーマのように、一山を過ぎるとすぐにリーマ刃１３、１４の食付き部１３ａ、１４ａが食付き始め、それ以降はリーマランド７、８が穴内周面に接してガイドされるため、高精度な穴加工が行え、ドリルランドのマージン前方側を波状マージン５ａとしたことによる弊害は生じない。 The multi-groove drill reamer A of the present embodiment is configured as described above, and a pilot hole is formed by the drill blade 11 when cutting into a work material, but the outer peripheral surface of the margin that does not have the wavy margin 5a is a cylindrical surface. In some conventional drill reamers, the margin outer peripheral surface rubs against the inner peripheral surface of the pilot hole, frictional heat generation and friction increase, and the inner peripheral surface of the hole is easily damaged. If the front side of the margin 5 is a wavy margin 5a, even if the crest portion of the wavy margin 5a contacts the inner peripheral surface of the pilot hole, the contact is close to the point from the tip to the first or second peak. Because of contact, frictional heat and wear are reduced. On the other hand, due to the contact close to the point, the guide property of the inner surface of the hole is lowered, and there is a concern that the deflection is likely to occur during the preparation of the prepared hole and the accuracy of the hole is deteriorated. As soon as the mountain passes, the biting portions 13a and 14a of the reamer blades 13 and 14 begin to bite, and after that, the reamer lands 7 and 8 are guided in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hole, so that high-precision drilling can be performed. No adverse effect is caused by the fact that the front side of the margin of the drill land is the wavy margin 5a.
波状マージン５ａによる弊害を生じないようにし、リーマランド７、８による穴内周面のガイドがすぐに行えるようにするためには、図４に示される被削材１６に穴あけされる下穴１７ａを含む穴の深さｈに対し、前記ＨがＨ≦ｈ、好ましくはＨ≦ｈ／２とするのが望ましい。 In order to prevent the harmful effects caused by the wavy margin 5a from occurring and to allow the inner surface of the hole to be immediately guided by the reamer lands 7 and 8, the pilot hole 17a to be drilled in the work material 16 shown in FIG. It is desirable that H is H ≦ h, preferably H ≦ h / 2, with respect to the depth h of the hole to be included.
図１０は別の実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマＢを示すもので、この実施形態のドリルリーマにおいてはリーマランド７及び８の軸方向先端が波状マージン５ａの山部の三山目まで後退し、ドリル外周コーナ９よりの後退量「Ｈ」は穴深さｈ以下となっている。 FIG. 10 shows a double groove drill reamer B according to another embodiment. In the drill reamer according to this embodiment, the axial ends of the reamer lands 7 and 8 are retreated to the third peak of the crest of the wavy margin 5a, and the outer peripheral corner of the drill is shown. The retraction amount “H” from 9 is less than the hole depth h.
図１１及び図１２は更に別の実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマＣを示すもので、この実施形態の複溝ドリルリーマＣにおいては、図１〜図３に示す複溝ドリルリーマにおけるリーマランド７及び８をリーマランド８の一条のみとしたもので、図２に示すドリルリーマと同様、一対のドリル外周コーナ９のうち、図の下側のドリル外周コーナ９と回転軸線ｏを結ぶ線と、回転軸線ｏとリーマランド８上の任意の点を結ぶ線とがなす角度βをほぼ９０°としてあるため、図における左右の振れが生じ難く、高精度な穴加工が可能とする。 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the double groove drill reamer C. In the double groove drill reamer C of this embodiment, the reamer lands 7 and 8 in the double groove drill reamer shown in FIGS. As in the drill reamer shown in FIG. 2, the lands 8 have only one line. Of the pair of drill outer periphery corners 9, a line connecting the drill outer periphery corner 9 on the lower side of the drawing and the rotation axis o, and the rotation axis o and the reamer. Since the angle β formed by a line connecting arbitrary points on the land 8 is approximately 90 °, the horizontal deflection in the figure hardly occurs, and highly accurate drilling can be performed.
図１３は、マージン５に波状マージン５ａが形成されない従来の複溝ドリルリーマＤを示すものである。 FIG. 13 shows a conventional double groove drill reamer D in which the wavy margin 5 a is not formed in the margin 5.
超硬合金製でドリル部の直径＝φ８．８ｍｍ、リーマ部の直径＝φ９ｍｍ、マージン５に前半分に波状マージン５ａを備え、ドリルの回転方向の逃げ角α＝１１°、ドリル刃の逃げ角γ＝１０°とした図１〜図４に示す実施形態のドリルリーマＡを製作し、以下に示す条件で穴あけ加工を行った。 Made of cemented carbide, drill part diameter = φ8.8mm, reamer part diameter = φ9mm, margin 5 with corrugated margin 5a in front half, drill rotation direction clearance angle α = 11 °, drill blade clearance angle The drill reamer A of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 with γ = 10 ° was manufactured, and drilling was performed under the following conditions.
被削材：硬質焼結合金
回転数：２５００ｍｉｎ−１
切削速度：７１ｍ／ｍｉｎ
送り：０．１５ｍｍ／ｒｅｖ
送り速度：３７５ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ
穴深さ：３３ｍｍ
Work material: Hard sintered alloy Rotational speed: 2500 min −1
Cutting speed: 71 m / min
Feed: 0.15mm / rev
Feeding speed: 375mm / min
Hole depth: 33mm
その結果、本実施例による穴精度は、ＩＴ６級（０〜＋５μｍ）の超高精度となり、穴内面の面粗さ値も１．５μｍＲａ以下、工具寿命に関しても３００ケの穴あけ加工ができた。 As a result, the hole accuracy according to this example was an IT6 grade (0 to +5 μm) ultra-high accuracy, the surface roughness value of the inner surface of the hole was 1.5 μmRa or less, and 300 holes could be drilled with respect to the tool life.
マージン５が円筒面の一部をなし、波状マージン５ａを有しない以外は、図１〜図３に示すドリルリーマＡ、すなわち図１２に示す複溝ドリルリーマＤ（この種のドリルリーマとしては、例えば独国ライノス社のドリルリーマ「製品名（ハイスリーマＤＲ）」がある）を用い、実施例と同じ条件で実施例と同じ被削材に対し穴あけ加工を行った。その結果、実施例よりも穴径が＋３０μｍを越え、穴内面の面粗さ値は４．７μｍＲａであった。 Except that the margin 5 is part of the cylindrical surface and does not have the wavy margin 5a, the drill reamer A shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, that is, the double groove drill reamer D shown in FIG. Drilling was performed on the same work material as in the example under the same conditions as in the example, using a Rinos drill reamer "product name (high sreamer DR)". As a result, the hole diameter exceeded +30 μm and the surface roughness value of the inner surface of the hole was 4.7 μmRa than the example.
１・・シャンク
２・・ボデー
３・・ドリル溝
５・・ドリルマージン
５ａ・・波状マージン
５ｂ・・山部
５ｃ・・谷部
７、８・・リーマランド
９・・ドリル外周コーナ
１０・・チゼル
１１・・ドリル刃
１３、１４・・リーマ刃
１３ａ、１４ａ・・食付き部
１６・・被削材
１７ａ・・下穴
Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ・・複溝ドリルリーマ
Ｄ・・従来の複溝ドリルリーマ
α・・マージン山部の回転方向の逃げ角
β・・ドリル外周コーナと軸線とリーマランド上の任意点のなす角度
γ・・ドリル刃の逃げ角
θ・・ドリル刃とドリル外周コーナでの山裾への接線となす角
1 · Shank 2 · Body 3 · Drill groove 5 · Drill margin 5a · Wavy margin 5b · · Mountain portion 5c · · Valley portion 7 and 8 · Reamer land 9 · Drill peripheral corner 10 · · Chisel 11. · Drilling blades 13, 14 ·· Reamer blades 13a, 14a ·· Chamfered portion 16 ·· Work material 17a ·· Prepared holes A, B, C ·· Double groove drill reamer D ·· Conventional double groove drill reamer α・ ・ Relief angle β in the rotational direction of the margin ridge ・ ・ An angle γ between the outer periphery corner of the drill and the axis and any point on the reamer land ・ ・ Relief angle θ of the drill blade ・ ・ To the hem at the drill blade and drill outer corner The angle between the tangent and
Claims (4)
The distance H between the outer peripheral corner of the drill and the outer peripheral corner at the tip of the reamer land and the depth h of the hole to be drilled in the work material satisfy H ≦ h. The double groove drill reamer described.
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| JP7332482B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2023-08-23 | マパル ファブリック フュール プラツィジョンズベルクゼウグ ドクトル．クレス カーゲー | Multi-blade reamer |
| JP2019181615A (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-24 | 株式会社ビック・ツール | Drill |
| WO2020211899A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-22 | Gühring KG | Drilling tool for drilling and deburring |
| WO2020261999A1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 株式会社ビック・ツール | Drill for carbon-fiber composite material |
| JP2021003773A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-01-14 | 株式会社ビック・ツール | Drill for carbon fiber composite material |
| JPWO2021020259A1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-02-04 | ||
| WO2021020259A1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-02-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | Drill and method for manufacturing cut workpiece |
| CN114144274A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-03-04 | 京瓷株式会社 | Drill and method for manufacturing cut product |
| JP7279167B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2023-05-22 | 京セラ株式会社 | Manufacturing method for drills and cutting products |
| CN115213465A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Hole making cutter suitable for aramid fiber composite material and design method |
| CN115213465B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-04 | 大连理工大学 | Hole making cutter suitable for aramid fiber composite material and design method |
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