JP2017186386A - Herbicide and method for producing herbicide - Google Patents
Herbicide and method for producing herbicide Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017186386A JP2017186386A JP2017143850A JP2017143850A JP2017186386A JP 2017186386 A JP2017186386 A JP 2017186386A JP 2017143850 A JP2017143850 A JP 2017143850A JP 2017143850 A JP2017143850 A JP 2017143850A JP 2017186386 A JP2017186386 A JP 2017186386A
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- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229960004670 didecyldimethylammonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000018167 Reynoutria japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000001341 Reynoutria japonica Species 0.000 description 6
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000863480 Vinca Species 0.000 description 4
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-M glyphosate(1-) Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CNCC([O-])=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000292697 Polygonum aviculare Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006386 Polygonum aviculare Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000405217 Viola <butterfly> Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
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- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQYSALLXMHVJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-heptyl-2-[(3-heptyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-2-yl)methylidene]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCCCCN1C(C)=CS\C1=C\C1=[N+](CCCCCCC)C(C)=CS1 DQYSALLXMHVJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、除草剤及び除草剤の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a herbicide and a method for producing the herbicide.
一般に、雑草を除去するための薬剤として、グリホサートを用いた除草剤が知られている。例えば特許文献１では、グリホサートとポリエチレンオキシドアルカノール又はポリプロピレンオキシドアルカノールとを含む低気泡性除草剤組成物が開示されている。 In general, a herbicide using glyphosate is known as a drug for removing weeds. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a low-bubble herbicidal composition containing glyphosate and polyethylene oxide alkanol or polypropylene oxide alkanol.
また、特許文献２では、農薬散布による環境汚染や人体への影響等を避けるために、酢酸を用いた除草方法が開示されている。 Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a weeding method using acetic acid in order to avoid environmental pollution and effects on the human body due to application of agricultural chemicals.
ところで、上記特許文献１の除草剤に使用されるグリホサートは、自然界に存在しない合成農薬であるため、例えば子供やペットのいる家庭の家庭菜園など、使用が避けられ、又は制限される場面がある。そこで特許文献２に開示されている、自然界に存在する酢（酢酸）を用いた除草方法を使用することが考えられる。 By the way, since glyphosate used for the herbicide of the said patent document 1 is a synthetic pesticide which does not exist in nature, there is a scene where use is avoided or restricted, such as a kitchen garden of a home with children and pets, for example. . Then, it is possible to use the weeding method using the vinegar (acetic acid) which exists in the patent document 2 currently existing in nature.
ここで、除草剤の一般的な使用場面を想定すると、除草剤の使用者が除草剤を除草対象となる雑草に散布するのであるが、使用者は、除草剤の効力が散布後、どの程度の時間で現れるかを重要視する傾向にある。 Here, assuming a general use situation of herbicides, the herbicide user sprays the herbicides on the weeds to be weeded. There is a tendency to attach importance to the appearance of time.
また、例えば除草剤を散布した後、数時間以内に雨が降り、除草剤が流されたり、除草剤の濃度が薄まってしまうと、除草剤の効力が著しく減少し、使用者は効果がないものと判断して再度除草剤を散布することが考えられる。その結果、当初の必要量以上の除草剤が散布され、また本来なら余分であったはずの作業時間が必要になるという問題が生じる。 Also, for example, if it is rained within several hours after spraying the herbicide and the herbicide is washed away or the concentration of the herbicide diminishes, the effectiveness of the herbicide is significantly reduced and the user has no effect. It can be considered that the herbicide is sprayed again. As a result, there arises a problem that herbicides are sprayed in excess of the initial required amount and work time that would otherwise have been necessary is required.
しかしながら、特許文献２には、除草剤の散布後、葉枯れの兆候が現れるまでに数時間を要すると記載されている。このため、除草剤の効果の速効性の面で使用者が不満を抱く可能性があり、また散布後数時間以内に雨が降った場合には、上述した問題が生じる。 However, Patent Document 2 describes that it takes several hours after the herbicide is sprayed until signs of leaf wilt appear. For this reason, the user may be dissatisfied with the quick action of the effect of the herbicide, and when it rains within several hours after spraying, the above-mentioned problems occur.
また、特許文献１で使用されるグリホサートは、雑草の茎葉部分から吸収され、根等の生長部位に移行した後に雑草の生育を阻害するように作用するため、葉枯れが現れるまでに３日以上の長い時間がかかり、上述した問題はさらに顕著なものとなる。 In addition, glyphosate used in Patent Document 1 is absorbed from the stem and leaves of weeds and acts to inhibit the growth of weeds after shifting to the growth site such as roots. The above-mentioned problem becomes more prominent.
本発明はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、自然界に存在する安全な化合物を用いて、葉枯れ効果とその速効性が向上した除草剤及び除草剤の製造方法を提供することにある。 This invention is made | formed in view of this point, The objective is using the safe compound which exists in nature, and provides the manufacturing method of the herbicide which improved the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect, and herbicide There is.
本発明者らは、多くの雑草の茎葉の表面は撥水性で、水分が葉の表面においてはじかれるという点に着目し、有機酸と界面活性剤とを併用して有機酸の葉枯れ効果とその速効性を向上するという知見を得て、鋭意検討を重ねた。その結果、酢酸、プロピオン酸及び乳酸から選ばれる１種又は２種以上の有機酸と、ジデシルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド（ＤＤＡＣ）との併用により、除草剤の葉枯れ効果とその速効性が著しく向上することを見いだし、本発明に至った。 The inventors of the present invention pay attention to the fact that the surface of many weed stalks and leaves is water-repellent and the water is repelled on the surface of the leaves. With the knowledge of improving its rapid efficacy, we conducted extensive studies. As a result, the combined use of one or two or more organic acids selected from acetic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) significantly improves the leaf wilt effect and its rapid efficacy of the herbicide. As a result, the present invention has been achieved.
すなわち、第１の発明の除草剤では、酢酸、プロピオン酸及び乳酸から選ばれる１種又は２種以上の有機酸と、ＤＤＡＣとが水に溶解しており、上記有機酸の臭いをマスキングするマスキング香料を含有していることを特徴とする。 That is, in the herbicide of the first invention, one or more organic acids selected from acetic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid and DDAC are dissolved in water, and masking masks the odor of the organic acid. It contains a fragrance.
本発明の除草剤に含まれるＤＤＡＣは陽イオン性界面活性剤であるため、負に帯電した茎葉表面の角皮（クチクラ）に付着しやすい。ＤＤＡＣが雑草の茎葉表面に触れると、茎葉表面の角皮にＤＤＡＣが付着して茎葉表面の濡れ性を向上させるとともに、茎葉の細胞壁を損傷ないし破壊する。そして、溶媒中に溶解した有機酸が、茎葉表面に素早く濡れ広がる。また、茎葉の細胞壁が損傷ないし破壊されているので有機酸が細胞内部に侵入しやすくなる。この結果、除草剤に含まれる有機酸が素早く雑草に吸収され、従来のものに比べて極めて短時間で葉枯れ効果が現れる。 Since DDAC contained in the herbicide of the present invention is a cationic surfactant, it tends to adhere to cuticles (cuticles) on the surface of foliage that is negatively charged. When the DDAC touches the surface of the weed foliage, the DDAC adheres to the cuticle surface and improves the wettability of the foliage surface and damages or destroys the cell walls of the foliage. And the organic acid melt | dissolved in the solvent spreads quickly on the foliage surface. In addition, since the cell walls of the foliage are damaged or destroyed, the organic acid can easily enter the cell. As a result, the organic acid contained in the herbicide is quickly absorbed by the weeds, and the leaf withering effect appears in a very short time compared to the conventional one.
以上説明したように、本発明によると、酢酸、プロピオン酸及び乳酸から選ばれる１種又は２種以上の有機酸と、ＤＤＡＣとを含有させた除草剤とすることにより、葉枯れ効果とその速効性を著しく向上できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, by using a herbicide containing one or more organic acids selected from acetic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, and DDAC, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect are obtained. Can significantly improve the performance.
以下、本発明の実施形態を説明する。以下の好ましい実施形態の説明は、本質的に例示に過ぎず、本発明、その適用物あるいはその用途を制限することを意図するものでは全くない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The following description of preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or its application.
本実施形態における除草剤は、酢酸を含有する醸造酢と、ＤＤＡＣと、溶媒としてのイオン交換水と、マスキング香料としてのバニリンとを含む。 The herbicide in this embodiment contains the brewing vinegar containing acetic acid, DDAC, ion-exchange water as a solvent, and vanillin as a masking fragrance.
醸造酢としては、例えばＨＤＶ（キューピー醸造株式会社）やＨＡ−１５０（マルカン酢株式会社）など、酢酸を含有する市販の醸造酢を用いることができる。特に高酸度の醸造酢を用いることで、除草剤中の酢酸濃度を上げて、除草剤の効力を向上させることが可能となるため好ましい。醸造酢に代えて、木酢液や市販の合成酢酸を用いてもよい。合成酢酸であれば、より安価に除草剤を製造可能である。また、醸造酢の一部又は全部を、市販のプロピオン酸又は乳酸に置き換えてもよい。ただし、プロピオン酸は不快臭が強いため、使用者に忌避される傾向があり、また後述するように、乳酸は酢酸よりも効力が劣る。したがって、除草剤は酢酸を含有することが望ましい。なお、除草剤中の酢酸の濃度は、葉枯れ効果とその速効性の向上の観点から５質量％以上が好ましく、１０質量％以上がより好ましい。また、作業者に対する影響を考慮すると、１５質量％以下が好ましい。 As brewing vinegar, commercially available brewing vinegar containing acetic acid, such as HDV (Cuppy brewing Co., Ltd.) and HA-150 (Malkan vinegar Co., Ltd.), can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use brewed vinegar having a high acidity because it increases the concentration of acetic acid in the herbicide and improves the efficacy of the herbicide. Instead of brewing vinegar, wood vinegar solution or commercially available synthetic acetic acid may be used. Synthetic acetic acid can produce herbicides at a lower cost. In addition, a part or all of the brewed vinegar may be replaced with commercially available propionic acid or lactic acid. However, since propionic acid has a strong unpleasant odor, it tends to be repelled by the user, and lactic acid is less effective than acetic acid as described later. Therefore, it is desirable that the herbicide contains acetic acid. In addition, the concentration of acetic acid in the herbicide is preferably 5% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving the leaf withering effect and its rapid efficacy. Moreover, when the influence with respect to an operator is considered, 15 mass% or less is preferable.
ＤＤＡＣとしては、例えばパイオニンＢ−２２１１（竹本油脂株式会社）や、アーカード２１０−８０Ｅ（ライオン株式会社）などの市販のものを用いることができる。なお、除草剤中のＤＤＡＣの濃度は、葉枯れ効果の観点から０．３質量％以上が好ましく、０．５質量％以上がより好ましい。また、作業者に対する影響を考慮すると、２．５質量％以下が好ましい。 As the DDAC, commercially available products such as Pionin B-2211 (Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) and ARCARD 210-80E (Lion Corporation) can be used. In addition, the concentration of DDAC in the herbicide is preferably 0.3% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more from the viewpoint of leaf withering effect. Moreover, when the influence with respect to an operator is considered, 2.5 mass% or less is preferable.
また、バニリンに代えて、動物性および植物性の天然香料や、炭化水素、アルコール、フェノール、アルデヒド、ケトン、ラクトン、オキシド、エステル類等の人工香料を用いてもよい。これらの香料は、有機酸、特に酢酸の臭いをマスキングするのに有効である。 Instead of vanillin, animal and plant natural fragrances and artificial fragrances such as hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, lactones, oxides and esters may be used. These perfumes are effective in masking the odor of organic acids, especially acetic acid.
また溶媒として、イオン交換水に代えて、蒸留水や水道水、井戸水などを用いてもよい。また、水の一部又は全部を、有機酸及びＤＤＡＣを溶解可能な有機溶剤に置換してもよい。有機溶剤の例としては、エタノールやイソプロピルアルコール等が挙げられる。 Further, distilled water, tap water, well water or the like may be used as a solvent instead of ion-exchanged water. Moreover, you may substitute a part or all of water for the organic solvent which can melt | dissolve an organic acid and DDAC. Examples of organic solvents include ethanol and isopropyl alcohol.
本実施形態における除草剤の製造方法は、まずバニリンを小容器にとり、少量の醸造酢（バニリンの約５０倍の質量）を加えて撹拌した後、ＤＤＡＣを加え、バニリン及びＤＤＡＣを醸造酢に溶解させる。そして、溶解後の液を大容器に移し、規定の濃度になるように、酢酸、イオン交換水を順に加え、撹拌する。この方法により、本実施形態の除草剤が得られる。ただし、調合順序はこれに限らず、例えば醸造酢に溶解させたバニリンと、イオン交換水に溶解させたＤＤＡＣとを混合した後、醸造酢とイオン交換水とを加えてもよい。なお、溶解とはミセル状態での溶解も含み、肉眼で均一に見える状態を指すものとする。 In this embodiment, the herbicide is produced by first taking vanillin in a small container, adding a small amount of brewed vinegar (mass about 50 times the mass of vanillin), stirring, adding DDAC, and dissolving vanillin and DDAC in the brewed vinegar. Let Then, the dissolved liquid is transferred to a large container, and acetic acid and ion-exchanged water are added in order so as to obtain a prescribed concentration, followed by stirring. By this method, the herbicide of this embodiment is obtained. However, the order of preparation is not limited to this, for example, vanillin dissolved in brewed vinegar and DDAC dissolved in ion-exchanged water may be mixed, and then brewed vinegar and ion-exchanged water may be added. In addition, the dissolution includes a dissolution in a micellar state and indicates a state that is visible with the naked eye.
このようにして得た除草剤は、例えば上部に複数の孔の空いたシャワータイプの容器に入れ、容器を傾けることにより雑草の茎葉部分にかけて使用することができる。その他、霧吹き、エアゾール容器、農業用の散布機又は噴霧機等を用いて除草剤を散布してもよい。 The herbicide thus obtained can be used, for example, by putting it in a shower-type container having a plurality of holes in the upper part and tilting the container over the foliage portion of weeds. In addition, the herbicide may be sprayed using a spray bottle, an aerosol container, an agricultural sprayer, or a sprayer.
また、使用時と比べて濃度の高い状態で除草剤を製造、貯蔵及び販売し、除草剤使用前に水等の液体で希釈して使用することも可能である。 It is also possible to produce, store and sell herbicides in a higher concentration than at the time of use, and dilute with a liquid such as water before using the herbicides.
次に、具体的に実施した実施例について説明する。 Next, specific examples will be described.
＜除草剤の調合＞
表１に示す組成比になるように各成分を混合し、撹拌して溶解させた。
<Formulation of herbicide>
Each component was mixed so that it might become a composition ratio shown in Table 1, and it stirred and dissolved it.
＜試験例１＞
有機酸の種類が葉枯れ効果に与える影響を確認するため、実施例１〜３及び比較例１〜３の除草剤を用いて試験を行なった。なお、表１に示した通り、実施例１〜３はそれぞれ酢酸、プロピオン酸、乳酸を含有し、比較例１、２はそれぞれリンゴ酸、クエン酸を含有する。また、実施例１〜３及び比較例１〜３はいずれも０．５質量％のＤＤＡＣを含有する。
<Test Example 1>
In order to confirm the influence which the kind of organic acid has on leaf wilt effect, it tested using the herbicide of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3. In addition, as shown in Table 1, Examples 1-3 contain acetic acid, propionic acid, and lactic acid, respectively, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 contain malic acid and citric acid, respectively. Moreover, all of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 contain 0.5 mass% DDAC.
まず、背丈約２０ｃｍに生育したニチニチソウ（品種：タイタン）及びビオラ（品種：チェルシー）を用意し、異常な葉を取り除いた。そして、実施例１〜３及び比較例１〜３の除草剤をそれぞれハンドスプレー容器（キャニヨン（株）製、品番：Ｔ−９５、ノズル孔直径：６ｍｍ、噴射量：約１ｍＬ／回）に入れ、温室内にあるニチニチソウ及びオラの株の斜め上方２０〜３０ｃｍ程度の距離から、葉の表面を完全に濡らすように、５０ｃｍ×５０ｃｍの試験地に均一に２５ｍＬの除草剤を散布した。また、比較例４として、何も処理を行わないニチニチソウ及びビオラも温室内に用意した。そして、温室内で、時間経過に伴う葉の色の変化を目視で観察し、褐色に変化した葉の面積の割合から下記の採点基準で褐変度合を評価して、２株の平均を算出した。 First, periwinkle (variety: Titan) and viola (variety: Chelsea) grown to a height of about 20 cm were prepared, and abnormal leaves were removed. And each of the herbicides of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 is put in a hand spray container (Canyon Co., Ltd., product number: T-95, nozzle hole diameter: 6 mm, injection amount: about 1 mL / time). Then, 25 mL of herbicide was uniformly sprayed on a 50 cm × 50 cm test site from a distance of about 20 to 30 cm obliquely above the periwinkle and ora strains in the greenhouse so as to completely wet the leaf surface. Further, as Comparative Example 4, a periwinkle and a viola that were not subjected to any treatment were also prepared in a greenhouse. Then, in the greenhouse, the change in the color of the leaf with time was visually observed, the browning degree was evaluated from the ratio of the area of the leaf that had turned brown, and the average of the two strains was calculated based on the following scoring criteria. .
採点基準
０：褐変なし、又は葉の面積の５％未満が褐変
１：葉の面積の５％以上２５％未満が褐変
２：葉の面積の２５％以上５０％未満が褐変
３：葉の面積の５０％以上７５％未満が褐変
４：葉の面積の７５％以上９５％未満が褐変
５：葉の面積の９５％以上が褐変
Scoring criteria 0: No browning or less than 5% of leaf area browned 1: 5% or more and less than 25% of leaf area browned 2: 25% or more and less than 50% of leaf area browned 3: Leaf area 50% or more and less than 75% are browned 4: 75% or more and less than 95% of the leaf area are browned 5: 95% or more of the leaf area are browned
ここで、褐変度合０は除草剤使用前と同等の外観であり、使用者は除草剤の効果をほとんど実感できない。褐変度合１以上で、使用者は除草剤の効果を実感できる。 Here, the browning degree 0 is the same appearance as before using the herbicide, and the user can hardly feel the effect of the herbicide. At a browning degree of 1 or more, the user can feel the effect of the herbicide.
なお、試験中の最高気温は３２．２℃、最低気温は１２．７℃、降水量は０ｍｍ、積算日照時間は１０３時間であった。 The maximum temperature during the test was 32.2 ° C., the minimum temperature was 12.7 ° C., the precipitation was 0 mm, and the accumulated sunshine duration was 103 hours.
ニチニチソウの試験結果を表２に示す。 The test results of periwinkle are shown in Table 2.
実施例１、２では、除草剤散布後４時間で葉の面積の２５％以上が褐変し、実施例３では、葉の面積の５％以上が褐変した。一方、比較例１〜４ではいずれも、除草剤散布後４８時間経過時まで、葉枯れ効果は確認できなかった。 In Examples 1 and 2, 25% or more of the leaf area browned 4 hours after spraying the herbicide, and in Example 3 5% or more of the leaf area browned. On the other hand, in any of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the leaf withering effect could not be confirmed until 48 hours after the herbicide application.
次に、ビオラの試験結果を表３に示す。 Next, Table 3 shows the results of the viola test.
実施例１〜３及び比較例１、２で、除草剤散布後４時間経過時までに葉の面積の５％以上が褐変し、有機酸を含まない比較例３、４では、葉枯れ効果を確認できなかった。ただし、実施例１〜３では除草剤散布後２４時間経過時に葉の面積の５０％以上が褐変していたのに対し、比較例１〜４では、除草剤散布後２４時間経過時の葉の褐変面積は５０％未満であり、その後除草剤散布後３３６時間（１４日間）経過時に至るまで、実施例１〜３の褐変度合の方が比較例１〜４よりも高かった。 In Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, 5% or more of the leaf area browned by 4 hours after spraying the herbicide, and in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 containing no organic acid, the leaf withering effect was obtained. I could not confirm. However, in Examples 1 to 3, 50% or more of the leaf area was browned when 24 hours passed after herbicide spraying, whereas in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the leaves of 24 hours after herbicide spraying were changed. The browning area was less than 50%, and then the degree of browning in Examples 1 to 3 was higher than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 336 hours (14 days) after spraying the herbicide.
したがって、除草剤に酢酸、プロピオン酸又は乳酸を用いることで、葉枯れ効果とその速効性が著しく向上し、特に酢酸及びプロピオン酸では、葉枯れ効果がより向上した。 Therefore, by using acetic acid, propionic acid or lactic acid as the herbicide, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect were remarkably improved, and especially with acetic acid and propionic acid, the leaf withering effect was further improved.
＜試験例２＞
除草剤中の界面活性剤の種類及び酢酸の濃度が葉枯れ効果に与える影響を確認するため、実施例１、４〜６及び比較例５〜９を用いて、除草剤の効きにくい雑草として知られるメヒシバ（イネ科）に対して試験を行なった。
<Test Example 2>
In order to confirm the influence of the type of surfactant in the herbicide and the concentration of acetic acid on the leaf withering effect, Examples 1, 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 5 to 9 are known as weeds that are difficult to use the herbicide. The test was carried out against the mosquito (Poaceae).
まず、背丈約３０ｃｍの野生のメヒシバを用意し、異常な葉を取り除いた。そして、実施例１、４〜６及び比較例５〜９の除草剤をそれぞれハンドスプレー容器（キャニヨン（株）製、品番：Ｔ−９５、ノズル孔直径：６ｍｍ、噴射量：約１ｍＬ／回）に入れ、メヒシバの株の斜め上方２０〜３０ｃｍ程度の距離から、葉の表面を完全に濡らすように、５０ｃｍ×５０ｃｍの試験地に均一に２５ｍＬの除草剤を散布した。そして、時間経過に伴う葉の色の変化を目視で観察し、褐色に変化した葉の面積の割合（褐変割合）を評価した。 First, we prepared wild bark with a height of about 30 cm, and removed the abnormal leaves. And each of the herbicides of Examples 1, 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 5 to 9 is a hand spray container (manufactured by Canyon Co., Ltd., product number: T-95, nozzle hole diameter: 6 mm, injection amount: about 1 mL / time). Then, 25 mL of a herbicide was uniformly sprayed on a 50 cm × 50 cm test site so that the surface of the leaf was completely wetted from a distance of about 20 to 30 cm obliquely above the plant of the bark beetle. And the change of the color of the leaf accompanying time progress was observed visually, and the ratio (browning ratio) of the area of the leaf which changed into brown was evaluated.
ここで、褐変割合０％は除草剤散布前と同等の外観であり、使用者は除草剤の効果をほとんど実感できない。褐変割合１％以上で、使用者は除草剤の効果を実感できる。 Here, the browning ratio 0% is the same appearance as before the herbicide application, and the user can hardly feel the effect of the herbicide. At a browning ratio of 1% or more, the user can feel the effect of the herbicide.
なお、試験中の最高気温は３０．６℃、最低気温は２２．６℃、降水量は０ｍｍ、積算日照時間は３．５時間であった。結果を表４に示す。 During the test, the maximum temperature was 30.6 ° C., the minimum temperature was 22.6 ° C., the precipitation was 0 mm, and the accumulated sunshine duration was 3.5 hours. The results are shown in Table 4.
まず、酢酸濃度がいずれも同等の、実施例１と比較例５〜７とを比較する。表１に示した通り、実施例１はＤＤＡＣを含む例であり、比較例５は界面活性剤を含まない例、比較例６はＤＤＡＣ以外の４級アンモニウム塩（陽イオン性界面活性剤）を含む例、比較例７は非イオン性界面活性剤を含む例である。 First, Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7 having the same acetic acid concentration are compared. As shown in Table 1, Example 1 is an example containing DDAC, Comparative Example 5 is an example not containing a surfactant, and Comparative Example 6 is a quaternary ammonium salt (cationic surfactant) other than DDAC. Including example, Comparative Example 7 is an example containing a nonionic surfactant.
除草剤散布後１時間経過時の褐変度合を確認すると、実施例１は葉の面積の２０％が褐変した。一方、比較例５〜７では、褐変した葉の面積の割合は０％であり、使用者には除草剤の効果を確認できなかった。また、散布後２４時間経過時までに、実施例１では葉の面積の８０％が褐変したのに対し、比較例５〜７で褐変した葉の面積の割合は５０％〜６０％であった。 When the degree of browning after the lapse of 1 hour after spraying the herbicide was confirmed, 20% of the leaf area in Example 1 was browned. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 5 to 7, the ratio of the area of the browned leaf was 0%, and the effect of the herbicide could not be confirmed to the user. Moreover, by 24 hours after spraying, 80% of the leaf area was browned in Example 1, whereas the ratio of the leaf area browned in Comparative Examples 5 to 7 was 50% to 60%. .
したがって、酢酸にＤＤＡＣを添加することにより、葉枯れ効果とその速効性が著しく向上した。 Therefore, by adding DDAC to acetic acid, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect were remarkably improved.
次に、同等の濃度でＤＤＡＣを含有し、酢酸の濃度を変えた実施例１、４〜６と比較例８、９とを比較する。表１に示した通り、実施例１、４〜６の酢酸濃度はそれぞれ１０．０、５．０、７．０、１５．０質量％であり、比較例８、９の酢酸濃度はそれぞれ１．０、３．０質量％である。 Next, Examples 1, 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 8 and 9 containing DDAC at an equivalent concentration and changing the concentration of acetic acid are compared. As shown in Table 1, the acetic acid concentrations of Examples 1 and 4 to 6 were 10.0, 5.0, 7.0, and 15.0% by mass, respectively, and the acetic acid concentrations of Comparative Examples 8 and 9 were 1 respectively. 0.0 and 3.0% by mass.
散布後１時間経過時の褐変度合を確認すると、酢酸濃度５．０質量％〜７．０質量％の実施例４、５は葉の面積１％〜１０％、酢酸濃度１０．０質量％〜１５．０質量％の実施例１、６は葉の面積の２０％が褐変し、除草剤の効果を使用者が確認することができた。一方、酢酸濃度１．０質量％〜３．０質量％の比較例８、９では、褐変した葉の面積の割合は０％であり、使用者には除草剤の効果を確認できなかった。また、散布後２４時間経過時までに、酢酸濃度５．０質量％〜７．０質量％の実施例４、５では葉の面積の４０％〜６０％が褐変し、酢酸濃度１０．０質量％〜１５．０質量％の実施例１、６では葉の面積の８０％〜９０％が褐変した。一方、酢酸濃度１．０質量％〜３．０質量％の比較例８、９では、散布後２４時間経過時までに褐変した葉の面積の割合は０％〜１０％であった。 After confirming the degree of browning after 1 hour from spraying, Examples 4 and 5 having an acetic acid concentration of 5.0% by mass to 7.0% by mass have leaf areas of 1% to 10%, and an acetic acid concentration of 10.0% by mass. In Examples 1 and 6 of 15.0% by mass, 20% of the leaf area was browned, and the effect of the herbicide could be confirmed by the user. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 8 and 9 having an acetic acid concentration of 1.0% by mass to 3.0% by mass, the ratio of the area of the browned leaf was 0%, and the effect of the herbicide could not be confirmed to the user. In addition, in Examples 4 and 5 having an acetic acid concentration of 5.0% by mass to 7.0% by mass by 24 hours after spraying, 40% to 60% of the leaf area was browned, and the acetic acid concentration was 10.0% by mass. In Examples 1 and 6 of% to 15.0% by mass, 80% to 90% of the leaf area was browned. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 8 and 9 having an acetic acid concentration of 1.0% by mass to 3.0% by mass, the ratio of the area of the leaf browned by 24 hours after spraying was 0% to 10%.
したがって、５．０質量％以上の酢酸にＤＤＡＣを添加すると、１時間という短時間で葉枯れ効果が現れ、１０．０質量％以上の酢酸にＤＤＡＣを添加すると、葉枯れ効果とその速効性がさらに向上した。 Therefore, when DDAC is added to 5.0% by mass or more of acetic acid, the leaf withering effect appears in a short time of 1 hour, and when DDAC is added to 10.0% by mass or more of acetic acid, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect are obtained. Further improved.
以上より、実施例１、４〜６では比較例５〜９よりも葉枯れ効果とその速効性が著しく向上した。 From the above, in Examples 1, 4 to 6, the leaf withering effect and its rapid efficacy were significantly improved as compared with Comparative Examples 5 to 9.
＜試験例３＞
ＤＤＡＣの濃度が葉枯れ効果とその速効性に与える影響を確認するため、同等の濃度で酢酸を含有し、ＤＤＡＣの濃度を変えた実施例４、７〜９と比較例１０、１１とを用いて、＜試験例２＞と同様の試験を行なった。表１に示した通り、実施例４、７〜９のＤＤＡＣ濃度はそれぞれ０．５、０．３、１．０、２．０質量％であり、比較例１０はＤＤＡＣを含有せず、比較例１１のＤＤＡＣ濃度は０．１質量％である。また、実施例４、７〜９及び比較例１０、１１はいずれも、５．０質量％の酢酸を含有する。
<Test Example 3>
In order to confirm the influence of the DDAC concentration on the leaf withering effect and its rapid efficacy, Examples 4, 7 to 9 and Comparative Examples 10 and 11 containing acetic acid at the same concentration and changing the DDAC concentration were used. Then, the same test as in <Test Example 2> was performed. As shown in Table 1, the DDAC concentrations of Examples 4 and 7 to 9 were 0.5, 0.3, 1.0, and 2.0 mass%, respectively, and Comparative Example 10 did not contain DDAC. The DDAC concentration of Example 11 is 0.1% by mass. Moreover, all of Example 4, 7-9 and Comparative Examples 10 and 11 contain 5.0 mass% acetic acid.
なお、試験中の最高気温は３０．３℃、最低気温は２２．８℃、降水量は０ｍｍ、積算日照時間は５．８時間であった。結果を表５に示す。 The highest temperature during the test was 30.3 ° C., the lowest temperature was 22.8 ° C., the precipitation was 0 mm, and the accumulated sunshine duration was 5.8 hours. The results are shown in Table 5.
除草剤散布後２時間経過時の褐変度合を確認すると、ＤＤＡＣ濃度０．３質量％〜２．０質量％の実施例４、７〜９は葉の面積の１％以上が褐変し、除草剤の効果を使用者が確認することができた。一方、ＤＤＡＣ濃度０．１質量％以下の比較例１０、１１では、褐変した葉の面積の割合は０％であり、使用者には除草剤の効果を確認できなかった。また、散布後４時間経過時までに、ＤＤＡＣ濃度０．３質量％の実施例７では葉の面積の１％、ＤＤＡＣ濃度０．５質量％〜１．０質量％の実施例４、８では葉の面積の３％、ＤＤＡＣ濃度２．０質量％の実施例９では葉の面積の１０％が褐変した。また、散布後２４時間経過時までに、実施例４、７〜９では葉の面積の５０〜６０％が褐変したのに対し、ＤＤＡＣ濃度０．１質量％以下の比較例１０、１１では、褐変した葉の面積の割合は１５％〜３０％であった。 When confirming the degree of browning after the lapse of 2 hours after spraying the herbicide, Examples 4 and 7-9 having a DDAC concentration of 0.3% to 2.0% by weight browned 1% or more of the leaf area. The user was able to confirm the effect of. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 10 and 11 having a DDAC concentration of 0.1% by mass or less, the ratio of the area of the browned leaf was 0%, and the effect of the herbicide could not be confirmed to the user. In addition, in Example 7 having a DDAC concentration of 0.3% by mass by 4 hours after spraying, in Examples 4 and 8 having a DDAC concentration of 0.5% by mass to 1.0% by mass in 1% of the leaf area. In Example 9 where the leaf area was 3% and the DDAC concentration was 2.0 mass%, 10% of the leaf area was browned. Further, in Examples 4 and 7 to 9, 50 to 60% of the leaf area was browned by 24 hours after spraying, whereas in Comparative Examples 10 and 11 having a DDAC concentration of 0.1% by mass or less, The proportion of the area of the browned leaves was 15% to 30%.
したがって、酢酸に０．３質量％以上のＤＤＡＣを添加すると、２時間という短時間で葉枯れ効果が現れ、０．５質量％以上のＤＤＡＣを添加すると、葉枯れ効果とその速効性が向上し、２．０質量％以上のＤＤＡＣを添加すると、葉枯れ効果とその速効性がさらに向上した。 Therefore, when 0.3% by mass or more of DDAC is added to acetic acid, the leaf withering effect appears in a short time of 2 hours, and when 0.5% by mass or more of DDAC is added, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect are improved. When 2.0% by mass or more of DDAC was added, the leaf withering effect and its rapid effect were further improved.
＜試験例４＞
メヒシバ以外の雑草に対する葉枯れ効果を確認するため、ネザサ（イネ科）及びイタドリ（タデ科）を用いて、試験を行なった。
<Test Example 4>
In order to confirm the effect of leaf wilt on weeds other than bark beetle, tests were conducted using Nezasa (Poaceae) and Knotweed (Polygonaceae).
まず、葉長５〜１０ｃｍの野生のネザサ及び葉長５〜１０ｃｍの野生のイタドリについて、異常な葉を取り除いた。そして、実施例１０及び比較例１２、１３の除草剤をそれぞれハンドスプレー容器（キャニヨン（株）製、品番：Ｔ−９５、ノズル孔直径：６ｍｍ、噴射量：約１ｍＬ／回）に入れ、ネザサ及びイタドリの株の斜め上方２０〜３０ｃｍ程度の距離から、葉の表面を完全に濡らすように、除草剤を充分量散布した。ネザサは散布翌日（２０時間後）、イタドリは散布３時間後の葉の褐変を目視で観察し、下記の採点基準で褐変度合を評価した。 First, abnormal leaves were removed from a wild Nezasa having a leaf length of 5 to 10 cm and a wild knotweed having a leaf length of 5 to 10 cm. Then, the herbicides of Example 10 and Comparative Examples 12 and 13 were put into hand spray containers (manufactured by Canyon Co., Ltd., product number: T-95, nozzle hole diameter: 6 mm, injection amount: about 1 mL / time), respectively. A sufficient amount of herbicide was sprayed from a distance of about 20 to 30 cm diagonally above the Itadori strain so as to completely wet the leaf surface. Nezasa visually observed the browning of the leaves the day after spraying (20 hours later) and Itadori 3 hours after spraying, and evaluated the degree of browning according to the following scoring standards.
採点基準
０：褐変なし、又は葉の面積の５％未満が褐変
１：葉の面積の５％以上２５%未満が褐変
２：葉の面積の２５％以上５０%未満が褐変
３：葉の面積の５０％以上９０％未満が褐変
４：葉の面積の９０％以上が褐変
Scoring criteria 0: No browning, or less than 5% of the leaf area browned 1: 5% to less than 25% of the leaf area browned 2: 25% to less than 50% of the leaf area browned 3: Leaf area 50% or more and less than 90% are browned 4: 90% or more of the leaf area is browned
なお、試験中の最高気温は３４．４℃（ネガサ）又は３１．２℃（イタドリ）、最低気温は２４．７℃（ネガサ）又は２２．５℃（イタドリ）、降水量は０ｍｍ（ネガサ）又は１ｍｍ（イタドリ）、積算日照時間は８．０時間（ネガサ）又は３．７時間（イタドリ）であった。６株の平均を表６に示す。 The maximum temperature during the test was 34.4 ° C (negative) or 31.2 ° C (Itadori), the minimum temperature was 24.7 ° C (negative) or 22.5 ° C (Itadori), and the precipitation was 0 mm (negative) Or 1 mm (Itadori), the integrated sunshine duration was 8.0 hours (Negasa) or 3.7 hours (Itadori). Table 6 shows the average of 6 strains.
表６に示す通り、実施例１０はＤＤＡＣを含有する例であり、比較例１２、１３は、ＤＤＡＣ以外の４級アンモニウム塩（陽イオン性界面活性剤）を含む例である。 As shown in Table 6, Example 10 is an example containing DDAC, and Comparative Examples 12 and 13 are examples containing a quaternary ammonium salt (cationic surfactant) other than DDAC.
ネザサ及びイタドリの両者について、試験例１と同様に、実施例の方が比較例よりも葉枯れ効果が向上した。 For both Nezasa and Knotweed, as in Test Example 1, the effect of the Example was improved compared to the Comparative Example.
本発明に係る除草剤及び除草方法は、畑地、水田、果樹園、家庭菜園等の農耕地や、グラウンド、工場敷地等の非農耕地での雑草を防除するために使用できる。 The herbicide and the weeding method according to the present invention can be used to control weeds in agricultural fields such as upland fields, paddy fields, orchards and home gardens, and non-agricultural land such as grounds and factory sites.
Claims (2)
上記有機酸の臭いをマスキングするマスキング香料を含有していることを特徴とする除草剤。 One or more organic acids selected from acetic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid and didecyldimethylammonium chloride are dissolved in water,
A herbicide characterized by containing a masking fragrance for masking the odor of the organic acid.
上記有機酸の臭いをマスキングするマスキング香料と上記有機酸とを混合した混合物に、上記ジデシルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドを添加することを特徴とする除草剤の製造方法。 In the method for producing a herbicide in which one or more organic acids selected from acetic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid and didecyldimethylammonium chloride are dissolved in water,
A method for producing a herbicide, wherein the didecyldimethylammonium chloride is added to a mixture obtained by mixing a masking fragrance for masking the odor of the organic acid and the organic acid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0551302A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-03-02 | Ryokuei Kensetsu Kk | Method for expelling week in golf course with acetic acids |
| JPH06145696A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1994-05-27 | Inahata Koryo Kk | Peracetic acid-based composition exhibiting fragrance |
| JP2000504340A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-04-11 | エコヴァル インコーポレイテッド | Herbicide compositions and uses |
| JP2002068907A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-08 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Method for exterminating algae |
| JP2010514762A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-05-06 | コグニス・アイピー・マネージメント・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Herbicidal composition and method for inhibiting weed growth |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0551302A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-03-02 | Ryokuei Kensetsu Kk | Method for expelling week in golf course with acetic acids |
| JPH06145696A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1994-05-27 | Inahata Koryo Kk | Peracetic acid-based composition exhibiting fragrance |
| JP2000504340A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-04-11 | エコヴァル インコーポレイテッド | Herbicide compositions and uses |
| JP2002068907A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-08 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Method for exterminating algae |
| JP2010514762A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-05-06 | コグニス・アイピー・マネージメント・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Herbicidal composition and method for inhibiting weed growth |
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