JP2017170475A - Incremental molding method - Google Patents

Incremental molding method Download PDF

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JP2017170475A
JP2017170475A JP2016058786A JP2016058786A JP2017170475A JP 2017170475 A JP2017170475 A JP 2017170475A JP 2016058786 A JP2016058786 A JP 2016058786A JP 2016058786 A JP2016058786 A JP 2016058786A JP 2017170475 A JP2017170475 A JP 2017170475A
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metal plate
peripheral wall
angle
wall portion
tool
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JP6682940B2 (en
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圭吾 小山田
Keigo Oyamada
圭吾 小山田
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that molding a high quality molded article having a peripheral wall part with a large molding angle is difficult in conventional incremental molding.SOLUTION: In molding a molded article M having a peripheral wall part S and a bottom wall part B by pressing and moving a tool 2 against a metal plate W held at its periphery so as to deform the metal plate W in a plate thickness direction, after pressing the tool 2 against one surface of the metal plate W and forming the peripheral wall part S until an angle of the peripheral wall part S relative to the bottom wall part B is an intermediate angle α1 smaller than a final angle α, the tool 2 is pressed against the peripheral wall part S from the other surface side of the metal plate W and the angle of the peripheral wall part S relative to the bottom wall part B is increased until obtaining the final angle α. Accordingly, the angle of the peripheral wall part S is increased while suppressing reduction in plate thickness, and thereby a molded article M having a peripheral wall part S with a large molding angle α is molded with high quality.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、金属板に工具を押し付けて移動させることにより、金属板を次第に変形させて立体形状に成形するインクリメンタル成形方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an incremental forming method in which a tool is pressed against a metal plate and moved to gradually deform the metal plate to form a three-dimensional shape.

従来、インクリメンタル成形としては、板材のダイレスフォーミングの名称で特許文献１に記載されているものがある。インクリメンタル成形は、特許文献１に記載されているように、周囲を固定した金属薄板に、球面状の先端部を有する工具を押し付けて移動させることにより、金属薄板を板厚方向に変形させて立体形状に成形するものである。   Conventionally, as incremental molding, there is one described in Patent Document 1 under the name of dieless forming of a plate material. As described in Patent Document 1, incremental forming is performed by pressing a tool having a spherical tip to a thin metal plate with a fixed circumference and moving it to deform the thin metal plate in the plate thickness direction. It is formed into a shape.

インクリメンタル成形は、成形品の形状が凹型である場合、金属薄板に対して工具を周回させると共に、周回毎に工具を横方向に移動させ且つ下降させることにより、周壁部を逐次成形し、最終的に金属薄板を凹型の成形品に成形する。なお、金属薄板と工具とは、相対的に移動可能であれば良い。   Incremental molding, when the shape of the molded product is a concave shape, the tool is rotated around the metal thin plate, and the tool is moved laterally and lowered at each turn, so that the peripheral wall part is sequentially formed. A thin metal plate is formed into a concave molded product. The metal thin plate and the tool only need to be relatively movable.

特許第４２８７９１２号公報Japanese Patent No. 4287912

ところで、上記のインクリメンタル成形では、板厚減少の割合が成形角度の大きさに依存し、理論上、成形角度が大きくなるほど板厚が減少する。成形角度は、成形品の底壁部に対する周壁部の角度である。このため、従来のインクリメンタル成形では、周壁部の成形角度が大きい成形品、具体的には９０度付近の大きい成形角度を有する成形品を高品質で成形することが難しいという問題点があり、このような問題点を解決することが課題であった。   By the way, in the above-described incremental molding, the rate of reduction in plate thickness depends on the size of the molding angle, and theoretically, the plate thickness decreases as the molding angle increases. The molding angle is an angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the bottom wall portion of the molded product. For this reason, in the conventional incremental molding, there is a problem that it is difficult to mold a molded product having a large molding angle of the peripheral wall portion, specifically, a molded product having a large molding angle near 90 degrees with high quality. It was a problem to solve such problems.

本発明は、上記従来の課題に着目して成されたもので、周壁部の成形角度が大きい成形品であっても、高品質に成形することができるインクリメンタル成形方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide an incremental molding method capable of molding with high quality even a molded product having a large molding angle of the peripheral wall portion. Yes.

本発明に係わるインクリメンタル成形方法は、周囲を保持した金属板に工具を押し付けて移動させることにより、金属板を板厚方向に次第に変形させて、周壁部及び底壁部を有する成形品を成形するものである。上記インクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板の一方の面に工具を押し付けて、底壁部に対する周壁部の角度が最終角度よりも小さい中間角度になるまで周壁部を形成する。その後、上記インクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板の他方の面側から周壁部に工具を押し付けて、底壁部に対する周壁部の角度が最終角度に至るまで増加させることを特徴としている。   In the incremental forming method according to the present invention, a tool is pressed against a metal plate that holds the periphery and moved to gradually deform the metal plate in the plate thickness direction, thereby forming a molded product having a peripheral wall portion and a bottom wall portion. Is. In the incremental forming method, the peripheral wall portion is formed by pressing a tool against one surface of the metal plate until the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the bottom wall portion becomes an intermediate angle smaller than the final angle. Thereafter, the incremental forming method is characterized in that the tool is pressed against the peripheral wall portion from the other surface side of the metal plate and the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the bottom wall portion is increased until the final angle is reached.

上記インクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板の一方の面に工具を押し付けて、周壁部の角度が中間角度になるまで周壁部を形成するので、この際、金属板には平面方向の引っ張り力が加わり、板厚の減少が生じる。次に、上記インクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板の他方の面側から周壁部に工具を押し付けて周壁部の角度を増加させるので、金属板の周壁部には曲げ方向の力が加わることになり、板厚の減少を抑制しつつ周壁部の角度が増大することになる。   In the incremental molding method, the tool is pressed against one surface of the metal plate, and the peripheral wall portion is formed until the angle of the peripheral wall portion becomes an intermediate angle. At this time, a tensile force in the planar direction is applied to the metal plate, A reduction in sheet thickness occurs. Next, in the incremental molding method, since the tool is pressed against the peripheral wall portion from the other surface side of the metal plate to increase the angle of the peripheral wall portion, a force in the bending direction is applied to the peripheral wall portion of the metal plate, The angle of the peripheral wall portion increases while suppressing the reduction in the plate thickness.

本発明のインクリメンタル成形方法は、上記構成を採用したことにより、板厚の減少を抑制しつつ周壁部の角度を増大させるので、周壁部の成形角度が大きい成形品、例えば、９０度付近の大きい成形角度を有する成形品であっても、その成形品を高品質に成形することができる。   Since the incremental molding method of the present invention increases the angle of the peripheral wall portion while suppressing the reduction of the plate thickness by adopting the above configuration, the molded product having a large molding angle of the peripheral wall portion, for example, a large value around 90 degrees. Even a molded product having a molding angle can be molded with high quality.

本発明に係わるインクリメンタル成形方法の第１実施形態における基本構成を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining the basic composition in 1st Embodiment of the incremental shaping | molding method concerning this invention. 金属板の一方の面に成形を行う状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which shape | molds on one surface of a metal plate. 図２に続いて金属板の他方の面側からの成形を説明する断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating molding from the other surface side of the metal plate following FIG. 2. 金属板のコーナー部の成形を説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining shaping | molding of the corner part of a metal plate. 図４に続いて金属板の外周部の成形を説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining shaping | molding of the outer peripheral part of a metal plate following FIG. 図５に続いて金属板を成形品に成形する状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which shape | molds a metal plate into a molded article following FIG. 成形品の一例であるエンジンフードのアウタパネルを示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the outer panel of the engine hood which is an example of a molded article. 図７中のＡ−Ａ線に基づく断面図である。It is sectional drawing based on the AA line in FIG. 本発明に係わるインクリメンタル成形方法の第２実施形態における基本構成を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining the basic composition in 2nd Embodiment of the incremental shaping | molding method concerning this invention. 金属板の一方の面に成形を行う状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which shape | molds on one surface of a metal plate. 図１０に続いて金属板の他方の面側からの成形を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining shaping | molding from the other surface side of a metal plate following FIG. 図１１に続いて金属板を成形品に成形する状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which shape | molds a metal plate into a molded article following FIG.

〈第１実施形態〉
インクリメンタル成形は、図１に示すように、平坦な金属板Ｗの周囲を固定装置１により固定し、上側に配置した工具２を金属板Ｗに押し付けて移動させることにより、金属板Ｗを板厚方向に次第に変形させて、最終的に金属板Ｗを立体的な成形品に成形する。 <First Embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 1, the incremental forming is performed by fixing the periphery of a flat metal plate W with a fixing device 1, pressing the tool 2 disposed on the upper side against the metal plate W, and moving the metal plate W to a plate thickness. The metal plate W is finally formed into a three-dimensional molded product by being gradually deformed in the direction.

成形品（図６参照）Ｍは、その形態がとくに限定されないが、この実施形態では、周壁部Ｓ及び底壁部Ｂを有する矩形皿状を成している。この成形品Ｍは、底壁部Ｂに対する周壁部Ｓの角度、すなわち周壁部Ｓの成形角度（最終角度）αが大きいものである。その成形角度αは、例えば９０度である。   Although the form of the molded product (see FIG. 6) M is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the molded product M has a rectangular dish shape having a peripheral wall portion S and a bottom wall portion B. The molded product M has a large angle of the peripheral wall portion S with respect to the bottom wall portion B, that is, a molding angle (final angle) α of the peripheral wall portion S. The forming angle α is, for example, 90 degrees.

また、成形装置は、全体の図示を省略したが、多軸制御型の作業ロボットやＮＣ工作機械などを用いることができる。固定装置１は、枠状を成すと共に、下側の固定具１Ａと上側の可動具１Ｂとを備えており、金属板Ｗの周囲を挟持して可動具１Ｂを固定することにより、金属板Ｗの周囲を強固に拘束する。   Further, although the entire illustration of the molding apparatus is omitted, a multi-axis control type working robot, an NC machine tool, or the like can be used. The fixing device 1 has a frame shape, and includes a lower fixing tool 1A and an upper movable tool 1B. The fixing device 1 clamps the periphery of the metal plate W to fix the movable tool 1B. Firmly restrain the surroundings.

工具２は、球面状の先端部を有すると共に、直交する３軸方向に移動可能に保持してある。この工具２は、成形箇所の形状等に応じて、先端部の形状及び曲率や直径等が異なるものから適宜選択される。なお、金属板Ｗ及び工具２は、相対的に移動可能であれば良く、金属板Ｗを不動にしても良いし、３軸方向の相対移動を満足するように双方を移動可能にしても良い。   The tool 2 has a spherical tip and is held so as to be movable in three orthogonal directions. The tool 2 is appropriately selected from those having different shapes, curvatures, diameters, and the like of the tip portion according to the shape of the molding location. The metal plate W and the tool 2 need only be relatively movable. The metal plate W may be stationary, or both may be movable so as to satisfy the relative movement in the three axial directions. .

上記装置を用いて行うインクリメンタル成形方法は、図２に示すように、固定装置１により平坦な金属板Ｗの周囲を固定し、その金属板Ｗの一方の面（上面）に工具２を押し付けて、底壁部Ｂに対する周壁部Ｓの角度が最終角度αよりも小さい中間角度α１になるまで周壁部Ｓを形成する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the incremental molding method performed using the above-described apparatus is performed by fixing the periphery of a flat metal plate W by a fixing device 1 and pressing the tool 2 against one surface (upper surface) of the metal plate W. The peripheral wall portion S is formed until the angle of the peripheral wall portion S with respect to the bottom wall portion B becomes an intermediate angle α1 smaller than the final angle α.

より具体的には、インクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板Ｗにおいて周壁部Ｓを形成すべき箇所に対して、工具２を押し付けながら周回させると共に、図２中に太い矢印で示す如く、周回毎に工具２を金属板Ｗの中心方向に移動させ且つ下降させる。この際、金属板Ｗに対する工具２の圧接力、工具２の周回速度、周回毎の工具２の移動量及び下降量は、金属板Ｗの材質及び厚さや、周壁部Ｓの形態等に応じて決定する。このようにして、金属板Ｗは、図１に示す平坦な状態から図２に移行するように、底壁部Ｂを次第に下げるようにして、周壁部Ｓが傾斜した状態に逐次成形される。   More specifically, in the incremental forming method, the tool 2 is circulated while pressing against the portion where the peripheral wall portion S is to be formed on the metal plate W, and the tool is rotated for each lap as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. 2 is moved toward the center of the metal plate W and lowered. At this time, the pressing force of the tool 2 against the metal plate W, the rotating speed of the tool 2, the moving amount and the descending amount of the tool 2 for each turn depend on the material and thickness of the metal plate W, the form of the peripheral wall portion S, and the like. decide. In this way, the metal plate W is sequentially formed so that the peripheral wall portion S is inclined so that the bottom wall portion B is gradually lowered so as to shift from the flat state shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.

上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板Ｗの一方の面に工具２を押し付けて、周壁部Ｓの角度が中間角度α１になるまで周壁部Ｓを形成することから、その際、金属板Ｗには平面方向の引っ張り力が加わり、板厚の減少が生じる。   In the above-described incremental forming method, the tool 2 is pressed against one surface of the metal plate W to form the peripheral wall portion S until the angle of the peripheral wall portion S reaches the intermediate angle α1. A tensile force in the plane direction is applied, resulting in a reduction in the plate thickness.

また、インクリメンタル成形方法では、より好ましい実施形態として、中間角度α１が、最終角度αの半分の角度であるものとする。この実施形態の製品Ｍでは、周壁部Ｓの成形角度（最終角度）αとして９０度を例示しているので、中間角度α１は４５度である。   In addition, in the incremental molding method, as a more preferable embodiment, the intermediate angle α1 is half of the final angle α. In the product M of this embodiment, 90 degrees is exemplified as the forming angle (final angle) α of the peripheral wall portion S, so the intermediate angle α1 is 45 degrees.

その後、インクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から周壁部Ｓに工具２を押し付けて、底壁部Ｂに対する周壁部Ｓの角度が最終角度αに至るまで増加させる。すなわち、この実施形態のインクリメンタル成形方法では、図３に示すように、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から成形を行う際に、固定装置１を一旦解除して金属板Ｗを反転させた後、同金属板Ｗの周囲を固定装置１で再び拘束する。   Thereafter, in the incremental forming method, the tool 2 is pressed against the peripheral wall portion S from the other surface side of the metal plate W, and the angle of the peripheral wall portion S with respect to the bottom wall portion B is increased until the final angle α is reached. That is, in the incremental molding method of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, when molding is performed from the other surface side of the metal plate W, after the fixing device 1 is once released and the metal plate W is inverted, The periphery of the metal plate W is restrained again by the fixing device 1.

この際、インクリメンタル成形方法では、周壁部Ｓに工具２を押し付けながら周回させると共に、図３中に太い矢印で示す如く、周回毎に工具２を金属板Ｗの外側方向に移動させ且つ下降させる。   At this time, in the incremental forming method, the tool 2 is rotated while being pressed against the peripheral wall portion S, and the tool 2 is moved in the outward direction of the metal plate W and lowered every rotation as indicated by a thick arrow in FIG.

ここで、この実施形態では、先述したように、成形品Ｍが矩形皿状を成している。このため、成形品Ｍは、図４に示すように、周壁部Ｓに４つのコーナー部Ｃを有するものとなっている。   Here, in this embodiment, as described above, the molded product M has a rectangular dish shape. For this reason, the molded product M has the four corner parts C in the surrounding wall part S, as shown in FIG.

そこで、インクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から成形を行う際に、コーナー部Ｃに工具２を押し付けて成形を行い、その後、図５に示すように、コーナー部Ｃを含む周壁部Ｓに工具２を押し付けて成形を行うものとしている。   Therefore, in the incremental forming method, when forming from the other surface side of the metal plate W, the tool 2 is pressed against the corner portion C to form, and then, as shown in FIG. 5, the peripheral wall including the corner portion C is formed. The tool 2 is pressed against the part S to perform molding.

すなわち、インクリメンタル成形方法では、コーナー部Ｃの成形を行う場合、図４中に矢印で示すように、工具２を周壁部Ｓの底壁部Ｂ側の端部に押し付けて往復動させ、一往復毎に工具２を金属板Ｗの外側方向に移動させ且つ下降させて、コーナー部Ｃを形成する。その後、インクリメンタル成形方法は、図５中に矢印で示すように、工具２を周壁部Ｓの底壁部Ｂ側の端部に押し付けて周回させ、周回毎に工具２を金属板Ｗの外側方向に移動させ且つ下降させて、コーナー部Ｃを含む周壁部Ｓを成形する。   That is, in the incremental forming method, when the corner portion C is formed, the tool 2 is pressed against the end of the peripheral wall portion S on the bottom wall portion B side as shown by an arrow in FIG. Each time the tool 2 is moved in the outer direction of the metal plate W and lowered, the corner portion C is formed. Thereafter, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 5, the incremental forming method presses the tool 2 against the end on the bottom wall portion B side of the peripheral wall portion S and makes it circulate. The peripheral wall portion S including the corner portion C is formed.

上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から周壁部Ｓに工具２を押し付けて周壁部Ｓの角度を増加させるので、金属板Ｗの周壁部Ｓには曲げ方向の力が加わる。これにより、金属板Ｗは、板厚の減少が抑制されつつ周壁部Ｓの角度が増大することになる。   In the above-described incremental forming method, the tool 2 is pressed against the peripheral wall portion S from the other surface side of the metal plate W to increase the angle of the peripheral wall portion S, so that a force in the bending direction is applied to the peripheral wall portion S of the metal plate W. . Thereby, as for the metal plate W, the angle of the surrounding wall part S increases, while the reduction | decrease in plate | board thickness is suppressed.

このようにして、インクリメンタル成形方法は、平坦な金属板Ｗを逐次成形して、図６に示す成形品Ｍ、すなわち、周壁部Ｓ、底壁部Ｂ、及びコーナー部Ｃを有するとともに周壁部Ｓの成形角度（最終角度）αが９０度である成形品Ｍを成形する。なお、固定装置１により挟持した金属板Ｗの周囲は、フランジＦとして残り、必要に応じて他の成形や切除が行われる。   In this way, the incremental forming method sequentially forms the flat metal plate W to have the molded product M shown in FIG. 6, that is, the peripheral wall portion S, the bottom wall portion B, and the corner portion C and the peripheral wall portion S. A molded product M having a molding angle (final angle) α of 90 degrees is molded. In addition, the circumference | surroundings of the metal plate W clamped with the fixing device 1 remain as the flange F, and other shaping | molding and excision are performed as needed.

上記実施形態で説明したインクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板Ｗの一方の面に中間角度α１の周壁部Ｓを成形した後、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から周壁部Ｓを成形して、板厚の減少を抑制しつつ周壁部Ｓの角度を増大させる。これにより、上記インクリメンタル成形方法によれば、周壁部Ｓの成形角度（最終角度）αが大きい成形品Ｍ、例えば、９０度付近の大きい成形角度αを有する成形品Ｍであっても、その成形品Ｍを高品質に成形することができる。   In the incremental forming method described in the above embodiment, the peripheral wall portion S having an intermediate angle α1 is formed on one surface of the metal plate W, and then the peripheral wall portion S is formed from the other surface side of the metal plate W to obtain the plate thickness. The angle of the peripheral wall portion S is increased while suppressing the decrease. Thereby, according to the incremental molding method, even if the molded product M has a large molding angle (final angle) α of the peripheral wall portion S, for example, a molded product M having a large molding angle α in the vicinity of 90 degrees, the molding is performed. The product M can be molded with high quality.

また、上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、成形品Ｍが、周壁部Ｓにコーナー部Ｃを有しており、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から成形を行う際に、コーナー部Ｃの成形を行った後に、コーナー部Ｃを含む周壁部Ｓの成形を行う。これにより、上記インクリメンタル成形方法によれば、コーナー部Ｃに発生し易いしわを分散させることができ、成形品Ｍのさらなる高品質化を実現することができる。   Further, in the above-described incremental molding method, the molded product M has the corner portion C in the peripheral wall portion S, and the corner portion C is molded when molding is performed from the other surface side of the metal plate W. Later, the peripheral wall portion S including the corner portion C is formed. Thereby, according to the said incremental shaping | molding method, the wrinkle which is easy to generate | occur | produce in the corner part C can be disperse | distributed, and the further quality improvement of the molded article M can be implement | achieved.

さらに、上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、金属板Ｗの他方の面側から成形を行う際に、金属板Ｗを反転させる。したがって、上記インクリメンタル成形方法によれば、金属板Ｗの片側だけに工具２を配置した成形装置によって実施することができ、既存の作業用ロボットやＣＮ工作機械等の成形装置への適用が容易であり、設備費の節減や低コスト化に貢献し得る。   Further, in the above-described incremental forming method, when forming from the other surface side of the metal plate W, the metal plate W is reversed. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned incremental forming method, it can be carried out by a forming apparatus in which the tool 2 is arranged only on one side of the metal plate W, and can be easily applied to forming apparatuses such as existing working robots and CN machine tools. Yes, it can contribute to reduction of equipment cost and cost reduction.

さらに、上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、前工程では金属板Ｗに引っ張り力が加わり、後工程では金属板Ｗに曲げ力が加わる。このため、上記インクリメンタル成形方法は、周壁部Ｓの中間角度α１を最終角度（成形角度）αの半分にすることにより、前工程での金属板Ｗの板厚減少と、後工程での金属板Ｗの板厚減少の抑制とのバランスが良好になり、成形品Ｍの高品質化に貢献ることができる。   Further, in the above-described incremental forming method, a tensile force is applied to the metal plate W in the previous step, and a bending force is applied to the metal plate W in the subsequent step. For this reason, in the incremental forming method, by reducing the intermediate angle α1 of the peripheral wall portion S to half the final angle (forming angle) α, the thickness of the metal plate W is reduced in the previous step, and the metal plate in the subsequent step. The balance with the suppression of the reduction in the plate thickness of W becomes good, and can contribute to the improvement of the quality of the molded product M.

図７及び図８は、成形品の一例であるエンジンフードのアウタパネルＰを示す平面図及び断面図である。アウタパネルＰは、緩やかに湾曲した主体部が、底壁部Ｂに相当し、主体部（底壁部Ｂ）の両側に、所定角度を成して連続する周壁部Ｓを有している。   FIG.7 and FIG.8 is the top view and sectional drawing which show the outer panel P of the engine hood which is an example of a molded article. The outer panel P has a gently curved main body portion corresponding to the bottom wall portion B, and has peripheral wall portions S that are continuous at a predetermined angle on both sides of the main body portion (bottom wall portion B).

上記のアウタパネルＰは、インクリメンタル成形方法により、平坦な金属板（ブランク材）を逐次成形して周壁部Ｂを成形し、また、緩やかに湾曲した底壁部Ｂも同成形方法により逐次成形し得る。このアウタパネルＰは、底壁部Ｂの湾曲外側（図８中で下側）が車体外面であり、底壁部Ｂと周壁部Ｓとの境界線Ｌがキャラクターラインになる。   The outer panel P can be formed by sequentially forming a flat metal plate (blank material) by the incremental forming method to form the peripheral wall portion B, and the gently curved bottom wall portion B can also be sequentially formed by the forming method. . In the outer panel P, the curved outer side (lower side in FIG. 8) of the bottom wall portion B is the outer surface of the vehicle body, and the boundary line L between the bottom wall portion B and the peripheral wall portion S is a character line.

〈第２実施形態〉
図９に示す第２実施形態のインクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板Ｗの一方及び他方の面側に夫々配置した工具２，２により、金属板Ｗに成形を行うものである。金属板Ｗは、固定具１Ａと可動具１Ｂとを備えた固定装置１により、周囲が強固に保持されている。各工具２は、球面状の先端部を金属板Ｗに向けた状態で配置してある。 Second Embodiment
In the incremental forming method of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the metal plate W is formed by the tools 2 and 2 arranged on one and other surfaces of the metal plate W, respectively. The periphery of the metal plate W is firmly held by the fixing device 1 including the fixing tool 1A and the movable tool 1B. Each tool 2 is arranged in a state where the spherical tip is directed to the metal plate W.

このインクリメンタル成形方法では、図１０に示すように、金属板Ｗの一方の面（図中で上面）に上側の工具２を押し付けて移動させることにより、底壁部Ｂに対する周壁部Ｓの角度が最終角度（成形角度）αよりも小さい中間角度α１になるまで周壁部Ｓを逐次成形する。   In this incremental forming method, as shown in FIG. 10, the upper tool 2 is pressed against one surface (upper surface in the drawing) of the metal plate W and moved, so that the angle of the peripheral wall portion S with respect to the bottom wall portion B is increased. The peripheral wall S is sequentially formed until the intermediate angle α1 is smaller than the final angle (forming angle) α.

その後、インクリメンタル成形方法は、図１１に示すように、金属板Ｗの他方の面側（図中で下側）から周壁部Ｓに下側の工具２を押し付けて移動させることにより、図１２に示すように、底壁部Ｂに対する周壁部Ｓの角度が最終角度αに至るまで増加させる。これにより、周壁部Ｓ及び底壁部Ｂを有する成形品Ｍを成形する。   Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 11, the incremental forming method is performed by pressing the lower tool 2 against the peripheral wall portion S from the other surface side (lower side in the drawing) of the metal plate W and moving it to FIG. As shown, the angle of the peripheral wall portion S with respect to the bottom wall portion B is increased until the final angle α is reached. Thereby, the molded product M which has the surrounding wall part S and the bottom wall part B is shape | molded.

上記のインクリメンタル成形方法によれば、先の実施形態と同様に、周壁部Ｓの成形角度（最終角度）αが大きい成形品Ｍであっても、その成形品Ｍを高品質に成形することができる。しかも、上記インクリメンタル成形方法は、金属板Ｗを固定したままで逐次成形が行われ、工程中に金属板Ｗを反転させる必要がないので、作業の簡略化や製造のサイクルタイムの短縮などを実現することができる。   According to the above-described incremental molding method, similarly to the previous embodiment, even if the molded product M has a large molding angle (final angle) α of the peripheral wall portion S, the molded product M can be molded with high quality. it can. In addition, the incremental molding method performs sequential molding with the metal plate W fixed, and it is not necessary to reverse the metal plate W during the process, thus simplifying the work and shortening the manufacturing cycle time. can do.

また、上記のインクリメンタル成形方法では、一方の工具２を使用している間、他方の工具を後退させているが、金属板Ｗを挟むように両工具２，２を配置し、一方の工具２を使用している間、他方の工具２で成形の補助を行うこともできる。   Further, in the above-described incremental forming method, while one tool 2 is being used, the other tool is retracted. However, both tools 2 and 2 are disposed so as to sandwich the metal plate W, and one tool 2 is disposed. During use, the other tool 2 can assist in forming.

本発明に係わるインクリメンタル成形方法は、上記各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成の細部を適宜変更することが可能である。上記インクリメンタル成形方法は、前工程における周壁部Ｂの中間角度α１を必ずしも最終角度（成形角度）αの半分の角度にする必要はなく、金属板Ｗの材質や厚さ、周壁部Ｂの大きさなどの条件に応じて変更すれば良い。また、上記各実施形態では、金属板Ｗの上下に配置した工具で逐次成形を行う場合を例示したが、金属板Ｗを立てた状態にし、横方向から工具２を押し付けて逐次成形することも可能である。   The incremental molding method according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the details of the configuration can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. In the above-described incremental forming method, the intermediate angle α1 of the peripheral wall portion B in the previous step does not necessarily have to be half the final angle (forming angle) α, and the material and thickness of the metal plate W and the size of the peripheral wall portion B are not necessarily required. It may be changed according to the conditions such as. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the sequential forming is performed with the tools arranged above and below the metal plate W has been exemplified. However, the metal plate W may be placed upright and the tool 2 may be pressed from the lateral direction to sequentially form. Is possible.

Ｂ 底壁部
Ｃ コーナー部
Ｍ 成形品
Ｗ 金属板
Ｓ 周壁部
α 最終角度（成形角度）
α１ 中間角度
２ 工具 B Bottom wall part C Corner part M Molded product W Metal plate S Peripheral wall part α Final angle (Forming angle)
α1 Intermediate angle 2 Tool

Claims (5)

周囲を保持した金属板に工具を押し付けて移動させることにより、金属板を板厚方向に変形させて周壁部及び底壁部を有する成形品を成形するに際し、
金属板の一方の面に工具を押し付けて、底壁部に対する周壁部の角度が最終角度よりも小さい中間角度になるまで周壁部を形成した後、
金属板の他方の面側から周壁部に工具を押し付けて、底壁部に対する周壁部の角度が最終角度に至るまで増加させることを特徴とするインクリメンタル成形方法。 When forming a molded product having a peripheral wall portion and a bottom wall portion by deforming the metal plate in the plate thickness direction by pressing and moving the tool against the metal plate holding the periphery,
After pressing the tool against one surface of the metal plate and forming the peripheral wall portion until the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the bottom wall portion becomes an intermediate angle smaller than the final angle,
An incremental forming method, wherein a tool is pressed against the peripheral wall portion from the other surface side of the metal plate to increase the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the bottom wall portion until the final angle is reached. 成形品が、周壁部にコーナー部を有しており、
金属板の他方の面側から成形を行う際に、コーナー部に工具を押し付けて成形を行い、その後、コーナー部を含む周壁部に工具を押し付けて成形を行うことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のインクリメンタル成形方法。 The molded product has a corner on the peripheral wall,
The method according to claim 1, wherein when forming from the other surface side of the metal plate, the tool is pressed against the corner portion, and then the tool is pressed against the peripheral wall portion including the corner portion. The incremental molding method as described. 金属板の他方の面側から成形を行う際に、金属板を反転させることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のインクリメンタル成形方法。   The incremental forming method according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate is inverted when forming from the other surface side of the metal plate. 金属板の一方及び他方の面側に夫々配置した工具により、金属板に成形を行うことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のインクリメンタル成形方法。   The incremental forming method according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate is formed by a tool disposed on one side and the other side of the metal plate. 中間角度が、最終角度の半分の角度であることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載のインクリメンタル成形方法。   The incremental forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the intermediate angle is half of the final angle.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109622754A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-16 上海交通大学 A kind of single-point progressive molding technique of non-axis symmetry ladder sign molded part
CN110722066A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-24 上海交通大学 Flexible clamping device and forming method for single-point incremental forming of sheet material
KR20200083770A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-09 서울과학기술대학교 산학협력단 Incremental forming method and incremental forming apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109622754A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-16 上海交通大学 A kind of single-point progressive molding technique of non-axis symmetry ladder sign molded part
KR20200083770A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-09 서울과학기술대학교 산학협력단 Incremental forming method and incremental forming apparatus
KR102211168B1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2021-02-03 서울과학기술대학교 산학협력단 Incremental forming method and incremental forming apparatus
CN110722066A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-24 上海交通大学 Flexible clamping device and forming method for single-point incremental forming of sheet material

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