JP2017154161A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining method by which metal shortage of a junction can be prevented.SOLUTION: A joining method for joining a first metallic component 1 and a second metallic component 2 by use of a rotary tool F for joining comprising an agitation pin F2 includes: an overlapping process in which a rear face 2c of the second metallic component 2 is overlapped on a front face 1b of the first metallic component 1 thereby forming an overlapped part J1; an arrangement process in which an auxiliary member 10 is so located as to be brought into contact with surface contact with a front face 2b of the second metallic component 2; and a friction agitating process in which the agitation pin F2, which is rotated, is inserted from a front face 10b side of the auxiliary member 10, and the rotary tool F for joining is relatively moved in the state that only the agitation pin F2 is brought into contact with the second metallic component 2 and the auxiliary member 10, or the first metallic component 1, the second metallic component 2 and the auxiliary member 10, thereby joining the first metallic component 1, the second metallic component 2 and the auxiliary member 10 to one another.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、金属部材同士を摩擦攪拌で接合する接合方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a joining method for joining metal members together by friction stirring.

例えば、特許文献１には、第一金属部材と第二金属部材を重ね合わせて重合部を形成した後、第二金属部材の表面から回転ツールを挿入して重合部を摩擦攪拌接合する接合方法が記載されている。当該摩擦攪拌接合では、攪拌ピンのみを第二金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌を行うというものである。   For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a joining method in which a first metal member and a second metal member are overlapped to form a superposed portion, and then a rotary tool is inserted from the surface of the second metal member to friction stir weld the superposed portion. Is described. In the friction stir welding, friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin is in contact with the second metal member.

特開２０１５−１３９８００号公報JP2015-139800A

従来の接合方法であると、塑性流動化した金属を回転ツールのショルダ部で押さえないため、塑性流動化した金属が外部に溢れ出し接合部が金属不足になり、第二金属部材の表面に凹溝が形成されるという問題がある。   In the conventional joining method, the plastic fluidized metal is not pressed by the shoulder of the rotary tool, so the plastic fluidized metal overflows to the outside and the joint becomes insufficient, and the surface of the second metal member is recessed. There is a problem that grooves are formed.

そこで、本発明は、接合部の金属不足を防ぐことができる接合方法を提供することを課題とする。   Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the joining method which can prevent the metal shortage of a junction part.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明は、攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて第一金属部材と第二金属部材とを接合する接合方法であって、前記第一金属部材の表面に前記第二金属部材の裏面を重ね合せて重合部を形成する重合工程と、前記第二金属部材の表面に面接触するように補助部材を配置する配置工程と、回転する前記攪拌ピンを前記補助部材の表面側から挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材、又は、前記第一金属部材、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材に接触させた状態で前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材を接合する摩擦攪拌工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a joining method for joining a first metal member and a second metal member using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin, the surface of the first metal member being A superposition step of superposing the back surface of the second metal member to form a superposition part; an arrangement step of arranging an auxiliary member so as to be in surface contact with the surface of the second metal member; and the rotating stirring pin The rotating tool is inserted from the surface side of the rotating tool in a state where only the stirring pin is in contact with the second metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member, the second metal member and the auxiliary member. A friction stirring step of joining the first metal member, the second metal member, and the auxiliary member by relative movement.

かかる接合方法によれば、重合部が接合されるとともに、第一金属部材及び第二金属部材に加え、補助部材も同時に摩擦攪拌接合することにより、接合部の金属不足を防ぐことができる。これにより、第二金属部材の表面に凹溝ができるのを防ぐことができる。   According to such a joining method, the overlapped portion is joined, and in addition to the first metal member and the second metal member, the auxiliary member is also friction stir welded at the same time, thereby preventing metal shortage at the joined portion. Thereby, it can prevent that a ditch | groove is made in the surface of a 2nd metal member.

また、バリが形成された前記補助部材を前記第二金属部材から除去する除去工程を含むことが好ましい。かかる接合方法によれば、バリを補助部材ごと除去することができる。   Moreover, it is preferable to include the removal process which removes the said auxiliary member in which the burr | flash was formed from said 2nd metal member. According to this joining method, the burr can be removed together with the auxiliary member.

また、前記摩擦攪拌工程では、前記補助部材の中央部に前記攪拌ピンを挿入することが好ましい。かかる接合方法によれば、金属不足をより確実に防ぐことができる。また、補助部材に回転ツールを容易に挿入することができる。   In the friction stirring step, it is preferable that the stirring pin is inserted in the central portion of the auxiliary member. According to this joining method, metal shortage can be prevented more reliably. Further, the rotary tool can be easily inserted into the auxiliary member.

また、前記補助部材の端面を通り前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材に直交する線を基準線とした場合、前記摩擦攪拌工程では、前記回転ツールの回転中心軸と前記基準線とが重なるように前記攪拌ピンを相対移動させるとともに、バリが前記補助部材に形成されるように接合条件を設定することが好ましい。   Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the first metal member and the second metal member is a reference line, in the friction stirring step, the rotation center axis of the rotary tool and the reference line are Preferably, the agitation pins are moved relative to each other so that they overlap, and the joining conditions are set so that burrs are formed on the auxiliary member.

かかる接合方法によれば、回転ツールに対して片側にのみ補助部材が残存するため、除去工程を容易に行うことができる。   According to this joining method, since the auxiliary member remains only on one side with respect to the rotary tool, the removal step can be easily performed.

また、前記補助部材の端面を通り前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材に直交する線を基準線とした場合、前記摩擦攪拌工程では、摩擦攪拌工程を行った後に前記回転ツールの片側にのみ補助部材が残存する程度に前記回転ツールの回転中心軸を前記基準線よりもわずかに前記補助部材の中央側に偏移させて相対移動させるとともに、残存する前記補助部材にバリが形成されるように接合条件を設定することが好ましい。   Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the first metal member and the second metal member is used as a reference line, in the friction stirring step, after performing the friction stirring step, on one side of the rotary tool The rotation center axis of the rotary tool is slightly shifted from the reference line toward the center of the auxiliary member so that only the auxiliary member remains, and is relatively moved, and a burr is formed on the remaining auxiliary member. Thus, it is preferable to set the joining conditions.

かかる接合方法によれば、回転ツールに対して方側にのみ補助部材が残存するため、除去工程を容易に行うことができる。また、回転ツールの回転中心軸が基準線よりも補助部材の中央側に偏移しているため接合部の金属不足をより確実に防ぐことができる。また、補助部材に回転ツールを容易に挿入することができる。   According to such a joining method, since the auxiliary member remains only on the side of the rotary tool, the removal step can be easily performed. Moreover, since the rotation center axis | shaft of a rotary tool has shifted | deviated to the center side of the auxiliary member rather than the reference line, the metal shortage of a junction part can be prevented more reliably. Further, the rotary tool can be easily inserted into the auxiliary member.

本発明に係る接合方法によれば、接合部の金属不足を防ぐことができる。   According to the joining method according to the present invention, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.

本発明の第一実施形態の重合工程及び配置工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the superposition | polymerization process and arrangement | positioning process of 1st embodiment of this invention. 第一実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the friction stirring process which concerns on 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌工程後を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the friction stirring process after 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る除去工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process which concerns on 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る除去工程後を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process after 1st embodiment. 第二実施形態に係る重合工程及び配置工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the superposition | polymerization process and arrangement | positioning process which concern on 2nd embodiment. 第二実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the friction stirring process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. 第二実施形態に係る除去工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. 第三実施形態に係る重合工程及び配置工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the superposition | polymerization process and arrangement | positioning process which concern on 3rd embodiment. 第三実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the friction stirring process which concerns on 3rd embodiment. 第三実施形態に係る除去工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process which concerns on 3rd embodiment.

［第一実施形態］
本発明の第一実施形態に係る接合方法について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。本実施形態に係る接合方法では、重合工程と、配置工程と、摩擦攪拌工程と、除去工程と、を行う。なお、以下の説明における「表面」とは、「裏面」の反対側の面という意味である。 [First embodiment]
A joining method according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the joining method according to the present embodiment, a polymerization process, an arrangement process, a friction stirring process, and a removal process are performed. In the following description, “front surface” means a surface opposite to the “back surface”.

重合工程は、図１に示すように第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを重ね合せる工程である。第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２は、金属製の板状部材である。第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２の材料は、摩擦攪拌可能な金属であれば特に制限されないが、例えば、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、銅、銅合金、チタン、チタン合金、マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金等から適宜選択すればよい。第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２の板厚は同等になっている。第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２の板厚は適宜設定すればよい。重合工程では、第一金属部材１の表面１ｂと、第二金属部材２の裏面２ｃとを重ね合せて重合部Ｊ１を形成する。   A superposition | polymerization process is a process of superimposing the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 as shown in FIG. The first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are metal plate-like members. The material of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can be frictionally stirred. For example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, etc. May be selected as appropriate. The plate | board thickness of the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 is equivalent. The plate thicknesses of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 may be set as appropriate. In the polymerization step, the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped to form the overlap portion J1.

配置工程は、第二金属部材２に補助部材１０を配置する工程である。補助部材１０は金属製の板状部材である。補助部材１０は摩擦攪拌可能な金属であれば特に制限されないが、本実施形態では第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２と同じ材料になっている。補助部材１０の板厚は、後記する摩擦攪拌工程後の塑性化領域Ｗが金属不足にならないように適宜設定する。本実施形態では、補助部材１０の板厚は第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２よりも薄く設定している。   The arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 10 on the second metal member 2. The auxiliary member 10 is a metal plate member. The auxiliary member 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal capable of friction stirring, but in the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 is made of the same material as the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2. The plate | board thickness of the auxiliary member 10 is suitably set so that the plasticization area | region W after the friction stirring process mentioned later may not become metal shortage. In the present embodiment, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 10 is set to be thinner than the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2.

配置工程では、補助部材１０の裏面１０ｃと第二金属部材２の表面２ｂとを面接触させる。また、第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０を治具（図示省略）を用いて架台Ｔに移動不能に拘束する。なお、補助部材１０は本実施形態では板状としているが、他の形状であってもよい。   In the arranging step, the back surface 10c of the auxiliary member 10 and the front surface 2b of the second metal member 2 are brought into surface contact. Moreover, the 1st metal member 1, the 2nd metal member 2, and the auxiliary member 10 are restrained to the mount frame T so that a movement is impossible using a jig | tool (illustration omitted). In addition, although the auxiliary member 10 is plate-shaped in this embodiment, another shape may be sufficient.

摩擦攪拌工程は、図２に示すように、接合用回転ツールＦを用いて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２との重合部Ｊ１を摩擦攪拌によって接合する工程である。接合用回転ツールＦは、連結部Ｆ１と、攪拌ピンＦ２とで構成されている。接合用回転ツールＦは、特許請求の範囲の「回転ツール」に相当する。接合用回転ツールＦは、例えば工具鋼で形成されている。連結部Ｆ１は、摩擦攪拌装置の回転軸（図示省略）に連結される部位である。連結部Ｆ１は円柱状を呈している。   As shown in FIG. 2, the friction stirring step is a step of joining the overlapping portion J <b> 1 of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 by friction stirring using the rotating tool F for joining. The joining rotary tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The joining rotary tool F corresponds to a “rotary tool” in the claims. The joining rotary tool F is made of, for example, tool steel. The connecting part F1 is a part connected to a rotating shaft (not shown) of the friction stirrer. The connecting portion F1 has a cylindrical shape.

攪拌ピンＦ２は、連結部Ｆ１から垂下しており、連結部Ｆ１と同軸になっている。攪拌ピンＦ２は連結部Ｆ１から離間するにつれて先細りになっている。攪拌ピンＦ２の外周面には螺旋溝が刻設されている。本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦを左回転させるため、螺旋溝は、基端から先端に向かうにつれて右回りに形成されている。言い換えると、螺旋溝は、螺旋溝を基端から先端に向けてなぞると上から見て右回りに形成されている。   The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the present embodiment, the spiral groove is formed clockwise as it goes from the proximal end to the distal end in order to rotate the joining rotary tool F counterclockwise. In other words, when the spiral groove is traced from the proximal end to the distal end, the spiral groove is formed clockwise when viewed from above.

なお、接合用回転ツールＦを右回転させる場合は、螺旋溝を基端から先端に向かうにつれて左回りに形成することが好ましい。言い換えると、この場合の螺旋溝は、螺旋溝を基端から先端に向けてなぞると上から見て左回りに形成されている。螺旋溝をこのように設定することで、摩擦攪拌の際に塑性流動化した金属が螺旋溝によって攪拌ピンＦ２の先端側に導かれる。これにより、被接合金属部材（第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０）の外部に溢れ出る金属の量を少なくすることができる。螺旋溝は省略してもよい。   In addition, when rotating the rotation tool F for joining clockwise, it is preferable to form a spiral groove counterclockwise as it goes to the front-end | tip from a base end. In other words, the spiral groove in this case is formed counterclockwise as viewed from above when the spiral groove is traced from the base end to the tip end. By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal plastically fluidized during friction stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the to-be-joined metal member (the 1st metal member 1, the 2nd metal member 2, and the auxiliary member 10) can be decreased. The spiral groove may be omitted.

接合用回転ツールＦは、マシニングセンタ等の摩擦攪拌装置に取り付けてもよいが、例えば、先端にスピンドルユニット等の回転手段を備えたアームロボットに取り付けてもよい。アームロボットに接合用回転ツールＦを取り付けることにより接合用回転ツールＦの回転中心軸Ｆｃを容易に傾斜させることができる。   The joining rotary tool F may be attached to a friction stirrer such as a machining center, but may be attached to, for example, an arm robot having a rotating means such as a spindle unit at the tip. By attaching the welding rotary tool F to the arm robot, the rotation center axis Fc of the welding rotary tool F can be easily inclined.

摩擦攪拌工程では、重合部Ｊ１に左回転させた攪拌ピンＦ２のみを挿入し、被接合金属部材と連結部Ｆ１とは離間させつつ相対移動させる。言い換えると、攪拌ピンＦ２の基端部は露出させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う。ここで、図１に示すように、補助部材１０の端面１０ａを通り第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２に直交する線を基準線Ｚとする。摩擦攪拌工程では、接合用回転ツールＦの回転中心軸Ｆｃを基準線Ｚに重ねた状態で、かつ、第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０と攪拌ピンＦ２とを接触させた状態で接合用回転ツールＦを相対移動させる。   In the friction stirring step, only the stirring pin F2 rotated counterclockwise is inserted into the overlapping portion J1, and the metal member to be joined and the connecting portion F1 are moved relative to each other while being separated. In other words, the friction stir welding is performed with the base end portion of the stirring pin F2 exposed. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, a line passing through the end surface 10 a of the auxiliary member 10 and orthogonal to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is defined as a reference line Z. In the friction agitation step, the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2, the auxiliary member 10, and the agitation pin F2 are brought into contact with each other in a state where the rotation center axis Fc of the rotating tool F for welding is superimposed on the reference line Z. In this state, the rotating tool F for bonding is relatively moved.

本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向左側に補助部材１０が位置するように接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向を設定する。接合用回転ツールＦの回転方向及び進行方向は前記したものに限定されるものではなく適宜設定すればよい。例えば、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向左側に補助部材１０を配置しつつ、接合用回転ツールＦを右回転させてもよい。もしくは、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向右側に補助部材１０を配置しつつ、接合用回転ツールＦを左右いずれかに回転させてもよい。接合用回転ツールＦの回転方向等の条件と補助部材１０の好ましい位置関係については後記する。   In the present embodiment, the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F is set so that the auxiliary member 10 is positioned on the left side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F. The rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F are not limited to those described above, and may be set as appropriate. For example, the joining rotary tool F may be rotated to the right while the auxiliary member 10 is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F. Alternatively, the joining rotary tool F may be rotated to the left or right while the auxiliary member 10 is disposed on the right side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F. The conditions such as the rotation direction of the bonding rotary tool F and the preferred positional relationship of the auxiliary member 10 will be described later.

攪拌ピンＦ２の挿入深さは、本実施形態では、攪拌ピンＦ２が第一金属部材１に達するように設定している。なお、攪拌ピンＦ２を第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０のみに接触させた状態で重合部Ｊ１を摩擦攪拌するようにしてもよい。この場合は、攪拌ピンＦ２と第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０との摩擦熱によって重合部Ｊ１が塑性流動化して接合される。接合用回転ツールＦの移動軌跡には塑性化領域Ｗが形成される。摩擦攪拌工程後は、図３に示すように、補助部材１０の端部にバリＶが形成される。   In this embodiment, the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 is set so that the stirring pin F2 reaches the first metal member 1. In addition, you may make it friction stir the superposition | polymerization part J1 in the state which made the stirring pin F2 contact only the 2nd metal member 2 and the auxiliary member 10. FIG. In this case, the overlapping portion J1 is plastically fluidized and joined by frictional heat between the stirring pin F2, the second metal member 2, and the auxiliary member 10. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the welding rotary tool F. After the friction stirring step, burrs V are formed at the end of the auxiliary member 10 as shown in FIG.

除去工程は、図４及び図５に示すように、補助部材１０を第二金属部材２から除去する工程である。除去工程では、例えば手作業により、補助部材１０を第二金属部材２から離間する方向に折り曲げて第二金属部材２から除去する。これにより、図５に示すように、第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２が板厚方向に接合される。   The removal step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 10 from the second metal member 2 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the removing step, the auxiliary member 10 is bent away from the second metal member 2 and removed from the second metal member 2 by, for example, manual work. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 are joined to a plate | board thickness direction.

以上説明した本実施形態に係る接合方法によれば、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とが接合されるとともに、第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２に加え、補助部材１０も同時に摩擦攪拌接合されることにより、接合部（塑性化領域Ｗ）の金属不足を防ぐことができる。これにより、第二金属部材２の表面２ｂに凹溝が形成されるのを防ぐことができる。   According to the joining method according to the present embodiment described above, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the auxiliary member 10 is also used. By performing friction stir welding at the same time, it is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joint (plasticized region W). Thereby, it can prevent that a ditch | groove is formed in the surface 2b of the 2nd metal member 2. FIG.

また、本実施形態によれば、摩擦攪拌工程によって補助部材１０にバリＶが形成されるが、除去工程において補助部材１０ごと取り除くことができる。これにより、バリを除去する作業を容易に行うことができる。図３に示すように、摩擦攪拌工程後は補助部材１０の端面が塑性化領域Ｗの中央に向かうにつれて板厚が薄くなるように傾斜している。補助部材１０は除去装置等を用いてもよいが、本実施形態では手作業で容易に補助部材１０を取り除くことができる。   Moreover, according to this embodiment, although the burr | flash V is formed in the auxiliary member 10 by a friction stirring process, it can remove with the auxiliary member 10 in a removal process. Thereby, the operation | work which removes a burr | flash can be performed easily. As shown in FIG. 3, after the friction stirring step, the end surface of the auxiliary member 10 is inclined so that the plate thickness becomes thinner toward the center of the plasticizing region W. Although the auxiliary member 10 may use a removing device or the like, in this embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 can be easily removed manually.

ここで、本実施形態に係る接合方法では、補助部材１０を第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２よりも薄く設定しているため、従来のように回転ツールのショルダ部を金属部材に押し込みながら摩擦攪拌を行うと、ショルダ部と補助部材１０との接触により補助部材１０が外部に飛ばされてしまい接合部の金属不足を補うことができない。しかし、本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦの攪拌ピンＦ２のみを第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０に接触させつつ摩擦攪拌を行うため、補助部材１０が外部に飛ばされることなく接合部の金属不足を補うことができる。また、回転ツールのショルダ部を接触させる場合に比べて摩擦攪拌装置に作用する負荷を低減することができる。   Here, in the joining method according to the present embodiment, since the auxiliary member 10 is set thinner than the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the shoulder portion of the rotary tool is pushed into the metal member as in the past. However, if friction stirring is performed, the auxiliary member 10 is blown to the outside due to the contact between the shoulder portion and the auxiliary member 10, and the metal shortage at the joint portion cannot be compensated. However, in this embodiment, since the friction stir is performed while only the stirring pin F2 of the rotating tool F for welding is brought into contact with the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2, and the auxiliary member 10, the auxiliary member 10 is skipped to the outside. It is possible to make up for the metal shortage at the joint without being damaged. Moreover, the load which acts on a friction stirrer can be reduced compared with the case where the shoulder part of a rotary tool is made to contact.

また、図２に示すように、本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌工程では進行方向左側に補助部材１０を配置するとともに接合用回転ツールＦを左回転させるため、補助部材１０側がＲｅ側となる。Ｒｅ側とは、接合用回転ツールＦの外周における接線速度の大きさから送り速度の大きさが減算される側である。一方、Ｒｅ側の反対側がＡｄ側となる。Ａｄ側とは、接合用回転ツールＦの外周における接線速度の大きさから送り速度の大きさが加算される側である。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the friction stirring process according to the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction and the bonding rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, so the auxiliary member 10 side is the Re side. The Re side is the side on which the magnitude of the feed speed is subtracted from the magnitude of the tangential speed on the outer circumference of the welding rotary tool F. On the other hand, the side opposite to the Re side is the Ad side. The Ad side is a side where the magnitude of the feed speed is added from the magnitude of the tangential speed on the outer periphery of the welding rotary tool F.

例えば、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度が遅い場合では、塑性化領域ＷのＲｅ側に比べてＡｄ側の方が塑性流動材の温度が上昇しやすくなるため、Ａｄ側にバリＶが多く発生する傾向にある。一方、例えば、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度が速い場合、Ａｄ側の方が塑性流動材の温度が上昇するものの、回転速度が速い分、Ｒｅ側にバリＶが発生する傾向にある。   For example, when the rotational speed of the welding rotary tool F is low, the temperature of the plastic fluidized material is more likely to rise on the Ad side than on the Re side of the plasticizing region W, so that more burrs V are generated on the Ad side. Tend to. On the other hand, for example, when the rotational speed of the bonding rotary tool F is high, the temperature of the plastic fluidized material increases on the Ad side, but there is a tendency that burrs V are generated on the Re side due to the higher rotational speed.

本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度を速く設定しているため、Ｒｅ側即ち補助部材１０側にバリＶが発生する。つまり、本実施形態ではバリＶが補助部材１０側に多く形成されるように接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度、回転方向及び進行方向等を設定している。これにより、補助部材１０に形成されたバリＶは、補助部材１０ごと除去されるため、バリ除去工程をより容易に行うことができる。また、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度を速く設定することにより、接合用回転ツールＦの移動速度（送り速度）を高めることができる。これにより、接合サイクルを短くすることができる。   In the present embodiment, since the rotation speed of the bonding rotary tool F is set to be high, a burr V is generated on the Re side, that is, the auxiliary member 10 side. That is, in the present embodiment, the rotational speed, the rotational direction, the traveling direction, and the like of the bonding rotary tool F are set so that a large number of burrs V are formed on the auxiliary member 10 side. Thereby, since the burr | flash V formed in the auxiliary member 10 is removed with the auxiliary member 10, the burr | flash removal process can be performed more easily. Moreover, the moving speed (feeding speed) of the joining rotary tool F can be increased by setting the rotational speed of the joining rotary tool F faster. Thereby, a joining cycle can be shortened.

上記したように、摩擦攪拌工程の際に、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向のどちら側にバリＶが発生するかは接合条件によって異なる。当該接合条件とは、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度、回転方向、移動速度（送り速度）、攪拌ピンＦ２の傾斜角度（テーパー角度）、第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０の材料、各部材の厚さ等の各要素とこれらの要素の組み合わせで決定される。接合条件に応じて、バリＶが発生する側又はバリＶが多く発生する側に補助部材１０を配置するようにすれば、バリ除去工程を容易に行うことができるため好ましい。   As described above, in the friction stirring step, which side of the traveling direction of the welding rotary tool F the burr V is generated varies depending on the joining conditions. The joining conditions include the rotational speed, rotational direction, moving speed (feed speed) of the rotating tool F for joining, the inclination angle (taper angle) of the stirring pin F2, the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2, and the auxiliary member. 10 materials, the thickness of each member, etc., and the combination of these elements. It is preferable to arrange the auxiliary member 10 on the side where burrs V are generated or on the side where many burrs V are generated, depending on the joining conditions, because the burr removing step can be easily performed.

［第二実施形態］
次に、第二実施形態に係る接合方法について説明する。第二実施形態に係る接合方法は、補助部材１０の中央部から接合用回転ツールＦを挿入する点で第一実施形態と相違する。第二実施形態に係る接合方法では、第一実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, the joining method according to the second embodiment will be described. The joining method according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the joining rotary tool F is inserted from the central portion of the auxiliary member 10. The joining method according to the second embodiment will be described with a focus on the differences from the first embodiment.

本実施形態に係る接合方法は、重合工程と、配置工程と、摩擦攪拌工程と、除去工程とを行う。重合工程は、第一実施形態と同じであるため説明を省略する。配置工程は、補助部材１０を第二金属部材２の表面２ｂに配置する工程である。   The joining method according to the present embodiment performs a polymerization process, an arrangement process, a friction stirring process, and a removal process. Since the polymerization process is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The placement step is a step of placing the auxiliary member 10 on the surface 2 b of the second metal member 2.

配置工程では、図６に示すように、第二金属部材２の表面２ｂに補助部材１０の裏面１０ｃを面接触させる。補助部材１０の板厚は、後記する摩擦攪拌工程後の塑性化領域Ｗが金属不足にならないように適宜設定する。また、第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０を治具（図示省略）を用いて移動不能に拘束する。   In the arranging step, as shown in FIG. 6, the back surface 10 c of the auxiliary member 10 is brought into surface contact with the front surface 2 b of the second metal member 2. The plate | board thickness of the auxiliary member 10 is suitably set so that the plasticization area | region W after the friction stirring process mentioned later may not become metal shortage. Moreover, the 1st metal member 1, the 2nd metal member 2, and the auxiliary member 10 are restrained immovably using a jig | tool (illustration omitted).

摩擦攪拌工程は、図７に示すように、接合用回転ツールＦを用いて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２との重合部Ｊ１を摩擦攪拌によって接合する工程である。摩擦攪拌工程では、右回転させた攪拌ピンＦ２を補助部材１０の表面１０ｂの中央部から挿入し、第一金属部材１に達するように攪拌ピンＦ２の挿入深さを設定する。摩擦攪拌工程では、重合部Ｊ１に右回転させた攪拌ピンＦ２のみを挿入し、被接合金属部材と連結部Ｆ１とは離間させつつ移動させる。言い換えると、攪拌ピンＦ２の基端部は露出させた状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行う。本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦを右回転させるため、攪拌ピンＦ２の螺旋溝は基端から先端に向かうにつれて左回りに形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 7, the friction stirring step is a step of joining the overlapping portion J <b> 1 of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 by friction stirring using the rotating tool F for joining. In the friction stirring step, the stirring pin F2 rotated to the right is inserted from the center of the surface 10b of the auxiliary member 10, and the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 is set so as to reach the first metal member 1. In the friction stirring step, only the stirring pin F2 rotated to the right is inserted into the overlapping portion J1, and the bonded metal member and the connecting portion F1 are moved while being separated from each other. In other words, the friction stir welding is performed with the base end portion of the stirring pin F2 exposed. In this embodiment, in order to rotate the joining rotary tool F to the right, the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end toward the distal end.

そして、第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０と攪拌ピンＦ２とを接触させた状態で重合部Ｊ１に沿って接合用回転ツールＦを相対移動させる。これにより重合部Ｊ１が摩擦攪拌接合される。接合用回転ツールＦの移動軌跡には塑性化領域Ｗが形成される。なお、本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦを高速回転させているため、バリはＡｄ側に比べてＲｅ側の方に多く発生する傾向にある。なお、第一実施形態と同様に、攪拌ピンＦ２を第二金属部材２及び補助部材１０のみに接触させて（第一金属部材１には達しないようにして）摩擦攪拌を行ってもよい。   And the rotation tool F for joining is relatively moved along the superposition | polymerization part J1, in the state which contacted the 1st metal member 1, the 2nd metal member 2, the auxiliary member 10, and the stirring pin F2. As a result, the overlapping portion J1 is friction stir welded. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the welding rotary tool F. In this embodiment, since the bonding rotary tool F is rotated at a high speed, burrs tend to occur more on the Re side than on the Ad side. As in the first embodiment, the stirring pin F2 may be brought into contact with only the second metal member 2 and the auxiliary member 10 (so as not to reach the first metal member 1) to perform friction stirring.

除去工程は、図８に示すように、摩擦攪拌工程によって分断された補助部材１０を第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２から除去する工程である。除去工程では、補助部材１０，１０を第二金属部材２から離間する方向にそれぞれ折り曲げて除去する。   The removal step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 10 separated by the friction stirring step from the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG. In the removing step, the auxiliary members 10 and 10 are bent and removed in a direction away from the second metal member 2.

以上説明した本実施形態に係る接合方法によれば、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とが接合されるとともに、第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２に加え、補助部材１０も同時に摩擦攪拌接合されることにより、接合部（塑性化領域Ｗ）の金属不足を防ぐことができる。また、補助部材１０の中央部から攪拌ピンＦ２を挿入することにより、接合部の金属不足をより確実に防ぐことができるとともに、金属をバランスよく補充することができる。また、補助部材１０の中央部は平坦であるため、攪拌ピンＦ２を補助部材１０に容易に挿入することができる。   According to the joining method according to the present embodiment described above, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the auxiliary member 10 is also used. By performing friction stir welding at the same time, it is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joint (plasticized region W). Moreover, by inserting the stirring pin F2 from the center part of the auxiliary member 10, it is possible to more reliably prevent metal shortage at the joint and replenish metal in a well-balanced manner. Moreover, since the center part of the auxiliary member 10 is flat, the stirring pin F2 can be easily inserted in the auxiliary member 10.

また、本実施形態によれば、摩擦攪拌工程によって分断された補助部材１０，１０にそれぞれバリＶ，Ｖが形成されるが、除去工程において補助部材１０ごと取り除くことができる。これにより、バリを除去する作業を容易に行うことができる。図８に示すように、摩擦攪拌工程後は補助部材１０の端面が中央部に向かうにつれて板厚が薄くなるように傾斜している。補助部材１０は除去装置等を用いてもよいが、本実施形態では手作業で補助部材１０を容易に取り除くことができる。   Moreover, according to this embodiment, although the burr | flashes V and V are formed in the auxiliary members 10 and 10 divided | segmented by the friction stirring process, respectively, the auxiliary member 10 can be removed in a removal process. Thereby, the operation | work which removes a burr | flash can be performed easily. As shown in FIG. 8, after the friction stirring step, the end surface of the auxiliary member 10 is inclined so that the plate thickness becomes thinner as it goes toward the center. Although the auxiliary member 10 may use a removing device or the like, in this embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 can be easily removed manually.

［第三実施形態］
次に、本発明の第三実施形態に係る接合方法について説明する。図９，１０に示すように、第三実施形態に係る接合方法では、攪拌ピンＦ２の挿入位置が第一実施形態と主に相違する。第三実施形態に係る接合方法では、第一実施形態と相違する点を中心に説明する。第三実施形態に係る接合方法は、重合工程と、配置工程と、摩擦攪拌工程と、除去工程とを行う。 [Third embodiment]
Next, the joining method according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the joining method according to the third embodiment, the insertion position of the stirring pin F <b> 2 is mainly different from the first embodiment. The joining method according to the third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. The joining method according to the third embodiment performs a polymerization process, an arrangement process, a friction stirring process, and a removal process.

重合工程は、第一実施形態と同じであるため説明を省略する。配置工程は、図９に示すように、第二金属部材２の表面２ｂと補助部材１０の裏面１０ｃとを面接触させる工程である。本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向右側に補助部材１０が位置するように補助部材１０を配置する。   Since the polymerization process is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 9, the arranging step is a step of bringing the surface 2 b of the second metal member 2 into surface contact with the back surface 10 c of the auxiliary member 10. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 is arranged so that the auxiliary member 10 is located on the right side in the traveling direction of the welding rotary tool F.

摩擦攪拌工程は、図１０に示すように、接合用回転ツールＦを用いて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２との重合部Ｊ１を摩擦攪拌によって接合する工程である。本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦを右回転させるため、攪拌ピンＦ２の螺旋溝は基端から先端に向かうにつれて左回りに形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 10, the friction stirring step is a step of joining the overlapping portion J1 of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 by friction stirring using the rotating tool F for joining. In this embodiment, in order to rotate the joining rotary tool F to the right, the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end toward the distal end.

摩擦攪拌工程では、接合用回転ツールＦの回転中心軸Ｆｃを、基準線Ｚよりもわずかに補助部材１０の中央側となるように位置させつつ、重合部Ｊ１に右回転させた攪拌ピンＦ２のみを挿入し、被接合金属部材と連結部Ｆ１とは離間させつつ相対移動させる。本実施形態では、接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向右側に補助部材１０が位置するように接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向を設定し、高速回転させる。これにより、本実施形態では補助部材１０側がＲｅ側となり、補助部材１０に多くのバリＶが発生する。本実施形態における接合用回転ツールＦの挿入位置（接合用回転ツールＦの回転中心軸Ｆｃと基準線Ｚとの距離）は、摩擦攪拌工程を行った後に接合用回転ツールＦの片側にのみ補助部材１０が残存する程度に適宜調節する。   In the friction stirring step, only the stirring pin F2 rotated to the right in the overlapping portion J1 while the rotation center axis Fc of the welding rotary tool F is positioned slightly on the center side of the auxiliary member 10 with respect to the reference line Z. Is inserted, and the metal member to be joined and the connecting portion F1 are moved relative to each other while being separated from each other. In the present embodiment, the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F is set so that the auxiliary member 10 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F, and is rotated at a high speed. Thereby, in this embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 side becomes the Re side, and many burrs V are generated in the auxiliary member 10. The insertion position of the welding rotary tool F in this embodiment (the distance between the rotation center axis Fc of the welding rotary tool F and the reference line Z) is assisted only on one side of the welding rotary tool F after the friction stirring step. It adjusts suitably to such an extent that member 10 remains.

除去工程は、図１１に示すように、補助部材１０を第二金属部材２から除去する工程である。除去工程では、例えば手作業により、補助部材１０を第二金属部材２から離間する方向に折り曲げて第二金属部材２から除去する。   The removal step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 10 from the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG. In the removing step, the auxiliary member 10 is bent away from the second metal member 2 and removed from the second metal member 2 by, for example, manual work.

以上説明した本実施形態に係る接合方法によれば、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とが接合されるとともに、第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２に加え、補助部材１０も同時に摩擦攪拌接合されることにより、接合部（塑性化領域Ｗ）の金属不足を防ぐことができる。   According to the joining method according to the present embodiment described above, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the auxiliary member 10 is also used. By performing friction stir welding at the same time, it is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joint (plasticized region W).

また、本実施形態の接合条件によれば、接合用回転ツールＦの回転速度を速く設定しているため、Ｒｅ側にバリＶが多く発生する傾向にある。つまり、本実施形態ではバリＶが補助部材１０に多く形成されるように接合用回転ツールＦの回転方向及び進行方向等（接合条件）を設定している。これにより、補助部材１０に形成されたバリＶは、補助部材１０ごと除去されるため、バリ除去工程をより容易に行うことができる。また、図１１に示すように、摩擦攪拌工程後は補助部材１０の端面が塑性化領域Ｗの中央に向かうにつれて板厚が薄くなるように傾斜している。補助部材１０は除去装置等を用いてもよいが、本実施形態では手作業で容易に補助部材１０を取り除くことができる。   Further, according to the joining conditions of the present embodiment, since the rotational speed of the joining rotary tool F is set high, there is a tendency that many burrs V are generated on the Re side. That is, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction and the traveling direction (bonding conditions) of the bonding rotary tool F are set so that a large number of burrs V are formed on the auxiliary member 10. Thereby, since the burr | flash V formed in the auxiliary member 10 is removed with the auxiliary member 10, the burr | flash removal process can be performed more easily. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, after the friction stirring step, the end surface of the auxiliary member 10 is inclined so that the plate thickness becomes thinner toward the center of the plasticizing region W. Although the auxiliary member 10 may use a removing device or the like, in this embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 can be easily removed manually.

ここで、前記した第二実施形態の除去工程では、塑性化領域Ｗの中央を挟んで両側にある補助部材１０，１０を除去する必要がある。しかし、本実施形態では摩擦攪拌工程後に一方側（接合用回転ツールＦの進行方向左側）に補助部材１０が残存しないように補助部材１０の配置位置を調節しているため、除去工程では他方側に残存する補助部材１０を除去するだけでよい。これにより除去工程の作業手間を少なくすることができる。また、回転中心軸Ｆｃが、基準線Ｚよりもわずかに補助部材１０の中央側に偏移しているため、接合部の金属不足をバランス良く、かつ、より確実に防ぐことができる。また、回転中心軸Ｆｃが、基準線Ｚよりもわずかに補助部材１０の中央側に偏移しているため、攪拌ピンＦ２を補助部材１０に容易に挿入することができる。   Here, in the removing process of the second embodiment described above, it is necessary to remove the auxiliary members 10 on both sides of the center of the plasticized region W. However, in the present embodiment, the position of the auxiliary member 10 is adjusted so that the auxiliary member 10 does not remain on one side (the left side in the direction of travel of the bonding rotary tool F) after the friction stirring step. It is only necessary to remove the auxiliary member 10 remaining on the surface. This can reduce the labor of the removal process. In addition, since the rotation center axis Fc is slightly shifted to the center side of the auxiliary member 10 from the reference line Z, it is possible to prevent the metal shortage of the joint portion in a balanced manner and more reliably. Further, since the rotation center axis Fc is slightly shifted to the center side of the auxiliary member 10 with respect to the reference line Z, the stirring pin F2 can be easily inserted into the auxiliary member 10.

以上本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明の趣旨に反しない範囲において適宜設計変更が可能である。例えば、本実施形態では除去工程を行ったが、補助部材１０を除去せずに、第二金属部材２にそのまま存置してもよい。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, although the removing step is performed in the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 10 may be left as it is without removing the auxiliary member 10.

１ 第一金属部材
２ 第二金属部材
１０ 補助部材
Ｆ 接合用回転ツール（回転ツール）
Ｆ１ 連結部
Ｆ２ 攪拌ピン
Ｆｃ 回転中心軸
Ｊ１ 重合部
Ｖ バリ
Ｗ 塑性化領域
Ｚ 基準線 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st metal member 2 2nd metal member 10 Auxiliary member F Rotary tool for joining (rotary tool)
F1 connecting portion F2 stirring pin Fc rotation center axis J1 overlapping portion V burr W plasticizing region Z reference line

Claims (5)

攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて第一金属部材と第二金属部材とを接合する接合方法であって、
前記第一金属部材の表面に前記第二金属部材の裏面を重ね合せて重合部を形成する重合工程と、
前記第二金属部材の表面に面接触するように補助部材を配置する配置工程と、
回転する前記攪拌ピンを前記補助部材の表面側から挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材、又は、前記第一金属部材、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材に接触させた状態で前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材、前記第二金属部材及び前記補助部材を接合する摩擦攪拌工程と、を含むことを特徴とする接合方法。 A joining method for joining the first metal member and the second metal member using a rotary tool equipped with a stirring pin,
A polymerization step of superposing the back surface of the second metal member on the surface of the first metal member to form a polymerization portion;
An arranging step of arranging an auxiliary member so as to be in surface contact with the surface of the second metal member;
The rotating stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirring pin is inserted into the second metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member, the second metal member, and the auxiliary member. And a friction stirring step of joining the first metal member, the second metal member, and the auxiliary member by relatively moving the rotary tool in a contacted state. バリが形成された前記補助部材を前記第二金属部材から除去する除去工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の接合方法。   The joining method according to claim 1, further comprising a removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the second metal member. 前記摩擦攪拌工程では、前記補助部材の中央部に前記攪拌ピンを挿入することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の接合方法。   The joining method according to claim 2, wherein in the friction stirring step, the stirring pin is inserted into a central portion of the auxiliary member. 前記補助部材の端面を通り前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材に直交する線を基準線とした場合、
前記摩擦攪拌工程では、前記回転ツールの回転中心軸と前記基準線とが重なるように前記攪拌ピンを相対移動させるとともに、バリが前記補助部材に形成されるように接合条件を設定することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の接合方法。 When a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the first metal member and the second metal member is a reference line,
In the friction agitation step, the agitation pin is relatively moved so that the rotation center axis of the rotary tool and the reference line overlap with each other, and a joining condition is set so that a burr is formed on the auxiliary member. The joining method according to claim 2. 前記補助部材の端面を通り前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材に直交する線を基準線とした場合、
前記摩擦攪拌工程では、摩擦攪拌工程を行った後に前記回転ツールの片側にのみ補助部材が残存する程度に前記回転ツールの回転中心軸を前記基準線よりもわずかに前記補助部材の中央側に偏移させて相対移動させるとともに、残存する前記補助部材にバリが形成されるように接合条件を設定することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の接合方法。 When a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the first metal member and the second metal member is a reference line,
In the friction stirring step, the rotation center axis of the rotary tool is slightly shifted to the center side of the auxiliary member to the extent that the auxiliary member remains only on one side of the rotary tool after the friction stirring step. The joining method according to claim 2, wherein the joining conditions are set so that burrs are formed on the remaining auxiliary member while being moved and relatively moved.

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