JP2017112672A - On-vehicle charger - Google Patents

On-vehicle charger Download PDF

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JP2017112672A
JP2017112672A JP2015243872A JP2015243872A JP2017112672A JP 2017112672 A JP2017112672 A JP 2017112672A JP 2015243872 A JP2015243872 A JP 2015243872A JP 2015243872 A JP2015243872 A JP 2015243872A JP 2017112672 A JP2017112672 A JP 2017112672A
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voltage
power supply
converter
vehicle
smoothing capacitor
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JP6736873B2 (en
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政和 鷁頭
Masakazu Gekinozu
政和 鷁頭
修 武井
Osamu Takei
修 武井
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an on-vehicle charger enabling secure operation of a discharge circuit even when the AC power voltage is not supplied.SOLUTION: The on-vehicle charger includes: an AC/DC converter 21 which converts an AC voltage of an AC power supply 10 into a DC voltage; a DC/DC converter 24 which converts the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter 21 into a DC voltage having a predetermined magnitude, to supply to a power storage device 30; a smoothing capacitor 22 connected to the output side of the AC/DC converter 21; a discharge circuit 23 for discharging the smoothing capacitor 22; and a control power supply 28 which supplies a power voltage to the discharge circuit 23. The control power supply 28 is operated by a residual voltage of the smoothing capacitor 22 at the non-charging of the power storage device 30, to supply the power voltage to the discharge circuit 23, so as to discharge the smoothing capacitor 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車に搭載される車載型充電装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted charging device mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

図２は、車載型充電装置の概略的な構成図であり、例えば、特許文献１に記載された電動車両用電源システムと同等のものである。
図２において、１０は外部の交流電源（商用電源）、１５は充電ケーブルやプラグ、コンセント、コネクタ等を含む接続部、２０Ａは車両に搭載される車載型充電装置、３０は二次電池やキャパシタ等の蓄電装置である。 FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the in-vehicle charging apparatus, which is equivalent to the electric vehicle power supply system described in Patent Document 1, for example.
In FIG. 2, 10 is an external AC power supply (commercial power supply), 15 is a connecting portion including a charging cable, plug, outlet, connector, etc., 20A is an in-vehicle charging device mounted on the vehicle, and 30 is a secondary battery or capacitor. Or the like.

車載型充電装置２０Ａは、ＰＦＣ回路（力率制御回路）として機能するＡＣ／ＤＣ（交流／直流）変換器２１と、その出力側に接続された平滑コンデンサ２２及び放電回路２３と、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１の直流出力電圧を所定の大きさの直流電圧に変換して出力するＤＣ／ＤＣ（直流／直流）変換器２４と、その出力側に接続された平滑コンデンサ２５及び放電回路２６と、制御電源２７とを備えている。
ここで、制御電源２７は、交流電源電圧を所定の大きさの直流電圧に変換し、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器２４、及び放電回路２３，２６に電源電圧を供給している。 The in-vehicle charging device 20A includes an AC / DC (AC / DC) converter 21 that functions as a PFC circuit (power factor control circuit), a smoothing capacitor 22 and a discharge circuit 23 connected to the output side thereof, and an AC / DC A DC / DC (direct current / direct current) converter 24 that converts a direct current output voltage of the converter 21 into a direct current voltage of a predetermined magnitude and outputs it; a smoothing capacitor 25 and a discharge circuit 26 connected to the output side thereof; And a control power supply 27.
Here, the control power supply 27 converts the AC power supply voltage into a DC voltage of a predetermined magnitude, and supplies the power supply voltage to the AC / DC converter 21, the DC / DC converter 24, and the discharge circuits 23 and 26. Yes.

車載型充電装置２０Ａの内部には数百[Ｖ]クラスの高電圧部があり、平滑コンデンサ２２，２５の電圧も高電圧であることが多い。従って、蓄電装置３０の非充電時には、安全上の観点から平滑コンデンサ２２，２５に蓄えられた電荷を放電する必要がある。このため、例えばスイッチング素子やリレー等の放電用スイッチと抵抗とを直列に接続してなる放電回路２３，２６を平滑コンデンサ２２，２５にそれぞれ並列に接続し、非充電時に放電用スイッチをオンさせて平滑コンデンサ２２，２５を放電させるようになっている。   The in-vehicle charging device 20A has a high voltage portion of several hundred [V] class, and the voltages of the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 are often high. Therefore, when the power storage device 30 is not charged, it is necessary to discharge the charge stored in the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 from the viewpoint of safety. For this reason, for example, discharge circuits 23 and 26 formed by connecting discharge switches such as switching elements and relays and resistors in series are connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25, respectively, and the discharge switch is turned on at the time of non-charging. Thus, the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 are discharged.

特許第４９８４０１０号公報（段落[００３０]〜[００３２]、図１等）Japanese Patent No. 4998410 (paragraphs [0030] to [0032], FIG. 1, etc.)

図２に示した従来技術では、制御電源２７が交流電源電圧を直流電圧に変換して電源電圧を生成しているため、交流電源１０の停電や接続部１５の不良が発生すると、放電回路２３，２６を動作させるための電源電圧が供給されなくなり、平滑コンデンサ２２，２５の放電が不可能になるという問題がある。   In the prior art shown in FIG. 2, the control power supply 27 converts the AC power supply voltage into a DC voltage to generate the power supply voltage. Therefore, when a power failure of the AC power supply 10 or a failure of the connection portion 15 occurs, the discharge circuit 23 , 26 is not supplied with power, and the smoothing capacitors 22, 25 cannot be discharged.

そこで、本発明の解決課題は、交流電源電圧が供給されない場合でも放電回路を確実に動作させて平滑コンデンサの放電を可能にした車載型充電装置を提供することにある。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an in-vehicle charging device that enables a smoothing capacitor to be discharged by reliably operating a discharge circuit even when an AC power supply voltage is not supplied.

上記課題を解決するため、請求項１に係る発明は、交流電源に接続されて車載の蓄電装置を充電する車載型充電装置において、
前記交流電源の交流電圧を直流電圧に変換する交流／直流変換器と、
前記交流／直流変換器から出力される直流電圧を所定の大きさの直流電圧に変換して前記蓄電装置に供給する直流／直流変換器と、
前記交流／直流変換器の出力側に接続された平滑コンデンサと、
前記平滑コンデンサを放電させるための放電回路と、
前記放電回路に電源電圧を供給する制御電源と、を備え、
前記制御電源を、前記蓄電装置の非充電時における前記平滑コンデンサの残留電圧により動作させて前記放電回路に電源電圧を供給し、前記放電回路により前記平滑コンデンサを放電させるものである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, an invention according to claim 1 is directed to an in-vehicle charging device that is connected to an AC power source and charges an in-vehicle power storage device.
An AC / DC converter for converting an AC voltage of the AC power source into a DC voltage;
A DC / DC converter that converts a DC voltage output from the AC / DC converter into a DC voltage of a predetermined magnitude and supplies the DC voltage to the power storage device;
A smoothing capacitor connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter;
A discharge circuit for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
A control power supply for supplying a power supply voltage to the discharge circuit,
The control power supply is operated by a residual voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the power storage device is not charged to supply a power supply voltage to the discharge circuit, and the smoothing capacitor is discharged by the discharge circuit.

請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載した車載型充電装置において、前記制御電源により、前記交流／直流変換器及び前記直流／直流変換器に電源電圧を供給するものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the in-vehicle charging apparatus according to the first aspect, a power supply voltage is supplied to the AC / DC converter and the DC / DC converter by the control power source.

請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１または２に記載した車載型充電装置において、前記交流／直流変換器を、力率制御回路として動作させるものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the on-vehicle charging device according to the first or second aspect, the AC / DC converter is operated as a power factor control circuit.

請求項４に係る発明は、請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載した車載型充電装置において、 前記制御電源が、ほぼ６０［Ｖ］以下の電圧により動作可能であることを特徴とする。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the on-vehicle charging device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the control power supply is operable with a voltage of approximately 60 [V] or less. .

本発明によれば、交流電源電圧が供給されない場合でも、制御電源から電源電圧を供給して放電回路を動作させ、平滑コンデンサを放電させることができる。
これにより、従来よりも車載型充電装置の安全性が向上するという効果がある。 According to the present invention, even when the AC power supply voltage is not supplied, the power supply voltage is supplied from the control power supply to operate the discharge circuit, and the smoothing capacitor can be discharged.
Thereby, there exists an effect that the safety | security of a vehicle-mounted charging device improves rather than before.

本発明の実施形態に係る車載型充電装置の概略的な構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the vehicle-mounted charging device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 特許文献１に記載された電動車両用電源システムと同等の車載型充電装置の構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram of an in-vehicle charging device equivalent to a power system for an electric vehicle described in Patent Document 1. FIG.

以下、図に沿って本発明の実施形態を説明する。
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る車載型充電装置の構成図である。図１において、図２と同じ部分には同一の参照符号を付して説明を省略し、以下では図２と異なる部分を中心に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an in-vehicle charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same parts as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, parts different from those in FIG. 2 will be mainly described.

図1において、平滑コンデンサ２２の電圧（ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１の直流出力電圧）ＶＳは制御電源２８に入力されており、制御電源２８は、電圧ＶＳをＤＣ／ＤＣ変換して所定の大きさの直流電圧を生成可能に構成されている。この直流電圧は、電源電圧としてＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器２４、及び放電回路２３，２６に供給されるようになっている。
なお、制御電源２８の回路構成は、入力電圧ＶＳから所定の大きさの直流定電圧を生成可能であれば特に限定されない。 In FIG. 1, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 22 (DC output voltage of the AC / DC converter 21) V S is input to the control power supply 28. The control power supply 28 performs DC / DC conversion on the voltage V S to obtain a predetermined voltage. A DC voltage having a magnitude can be generated. This DC voltage is supplied to the AC / DC converter 21, the DC / DC converter 24, and the discharge circuits 23 and 26 as a power supply voltage.
The circuit configuration of the control power supply 28 is not particularly limited as long as it can generate a predetermined magnitude of DC constant voltage from an input voltage V S.

ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１は、前述したようにＰＦＣ回路として機能し、例えば、ダイオード整流回路の正負出力端子間にリアクトルとスイッチング素子とを直列に接続し、両者の直列接続点にアノードが接続されたダイオードのカソードと上記ダイオード整流回路の負側出力端子との間から直流電圧を得るものであり、上記スイッチング素子の制御によって交流電源１０の力率を制御可能である。   As described above, the AC / DC converter 21 functions as a PFC circuit. For example, a reactor and a switching element are connected in series between the positive and negative output terminals of a diode rectifier circuit, and an anode is connected to the series connection point between the two. A DC voltage is obtained between the cathode of the diode and the negative output terminal of the diode rectifier circuit, and the power factor of the AC power supply 10 can be controlled by controlling the switching element.

また、放電回路２３，２６は、従来と同様に、スイッチング素子やリレー等の放電用スイッチと抵抗との直列回路からなり、放電用スイッチをオンすることによってコンデンサ２２，２５の電荷を抵抗により消費させるものである。
これらのＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１や放電回路２３，２６は、個別の部品により構成しても良いし、それぞれ専用のＩＣを用いて構成しても良い。 In addition, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 are composed of a series circuit of a discharge switch such as a switching element or a relay and a resistor as in the prior art, and the charges of the capacitors 22 and 25 are consumed by the resistor by turning on the discharge switch. It is something to be made.
The AC / DC converter 21 and the discharge circuits 23 and 26 may be configured by individual components, or may be configured by using dedicated ICs.

本実施形態の動作を説明すると、以下の通りである。
まず、蓄電装置３０の充電時に交流電源１０が充電装置２０に接続されると、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１を介して平滑コンデンサ２２が充電される。平滑コンデンサ２２の電圧ＶＳが制御電源２８の動作可能な電圧に達すると、制御電源２８が動作して電源電圧が生成され、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器２４が動作する。これにより、蓄電装置３０に所定の電圧、電流が供給されて蓄電装置３０が充電される。 The operation of this embodiment will be described as follows.
First, when AC power supply 10 is connected to charging device 20 during charging of power storage device 30, smoothing capacitor 22 is charged via AC / DC converter 21. When the voltage V S of the smoothing capacitor 22 reaches the operable voltage of the control power supply 28, a power supply voltage is generated the control power supply 28 is operated, DC / DC converter 24 is operated. As a result, a predetermined voltage and current are supplied to the power storage device 30 and the power storage device 30 is charged.

ここで、交流電源１０が接続されたか否かは、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器２１の入力電圧や電流、平滑コンデンサ２２の電圧ＶＳ等を検出し、または、接続部１５の接続状態の正常・異常を機械的に検出する等の方法により判定可能である。
なお、蓄電装置３０の充電時には、放電回路２３，２６が動作しないようにロックしておく。 Here, whether or not the AC power supply 10 is connected is determined by detecting the input voltage or current of the AC / DC converter 21, the voltage V S of the smoothing capacitor 22, or the like, or whether the connection state of the connection unit 15 is normal or abnormal. Can be determined by a method such as mechanical detection.
Note that when the power storage device 30 is charged, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 are locked so as not to operate.

蓄電装置３０の充電が完了すると、充電ケーブルを取り外して交流電源１０と充電装置２０との接続を解除する。このとき、平滑コンデンサ２２には電圧ＶＳが保持されており、この残留電圧ＶＳが所定値（例えば、車載型充電装置の安全電圧である６０［Ｖ］）以下でも制御電源２８が動作できるように設定しておけば、放電回路２３，２６のロックを解除してこれを起動させ、平滑コンデンサ２２，２５を放電させることができる。その結果として、平滑コンデンサ２２，２５の電圧を、安全電圧の６０［Ｖ］以下に低下させることができる。 When charging of the power storage device 30 is completed, the charging cable is removed and the connection between the AC power supply 10 and the charging device 20 is released. At this time, the voltage V S is held in the smoothing capacitor 22, and the control power supply 28 can operate even when the residual voltage V S is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (for example, 60 [V] which is a safety voltage of the on-vehicle charging device). If set in this way, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 can be unlocked and activated to discharge the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25. As a result, the voltage of the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 can be reduced to a safety voltage of 60 [V] or less.

放電回路２３の動作により平滑コンデンサ２２が放電し、その電圧ＶＳが制御電源２８の動作可能な電圧未満になると、制御電源２８が動作不能になって放電回路２３，２６の動作も停止する。なお、制御電源２８の動作停止後においても、例えば平滑コンデンサ２２，２５の電圧を電源電圧として利用することにより放電回路２３，２６を動作させ、平滑コンデンサ２２，２５の電圧が所定値以下になったら放電回路２３，２６を停止させるように構成しても良い。 When the smoothing capacitor 22 is discharged by the operation of the discharge circuit 23 and the voltage V S becomes lower than the voltage at which the control power supply 28 can operate, the control power supply 28 becomes inoperable and the operations of the discharge circuits 23 and 26 also stop. Even after the operation of the control power supply 28 is stopped, for example, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 are operated by using the voltage of the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 as the power supply voltage, and the voltage of the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 becomes a predetermined value or less. In this case, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 may be stopped.

以上のように、この実施形態によれば、蓄電装置３０の非充電時において、交流電源１０が供給されなくなっても平滑コンデンサ２２，２５を放電させることが可能であり、これによって充電装置２０の内部に高電圧が保持されるのを防止することができる。
すなわち、本実施形態では交流電源１０が消失した場合でも放電回路２３，２６が動作可能であるから、例えば交流電源１０が接続部１５に接続された状態における停電時や電圧低下時にも、放電回路２３，２６を動作させて平滑コンデンサ２２，２５を放電させることができ、安全性の向上が可能になる。 As described above, according to this embodiment, when the power storage device 30 is not charged, the smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 can be discharged even when the AC power supply 10 is not supplied. It is possible to prevent a high voltage from being held inside.
That is, in the present embodiment, even when the AC power supply 10 is lost, the discharge circuits 23 and 26 can operate. Therefore, for example, even when a power failure or voltage drop occurs when the AC power supply 10 is connected to the connection portion 15, the discharge circuit The smoothing capacitors 22 and 25 can be discharged by operating the switches 23 and 26, so that safety can be improved.

１０：交流電源
１５：接続部
２０：車載型充電装置
２１：ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器（ＰＦＣ回路）
２２，２５：コンデンサ
２３，２６：放電回路
２４：ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器
２８：制御電源
３０：蓄電装置 10: AC power supply 15: Connection unit 20: On-vehicle charging device 21: AC / DC converter (PFC circuit)
22, 25: Capacitors 23, 26: Discharge circuit 24: DC / DC converter 28: Control power supply 30: Power storage device

Claims (4)

交流電源に接続されて車載の蓄電装置を充電する車載型充電装置において、
前記交流電源の交流電圧を直流電圧に変換する交流／直流変換器と、
前記交流／直流変換器から出力される直流電圧を所定の大きさの直流電圧に変換して前記蓄電装置に供給する直流／直流変換器と、
前記交流／直流変換器の出力側に接続された平滑コンデンサと、
前記平滑コンデンサを放電させるための放電回路と、
前記放電回路に電源電圧を供給する制御電源と、
を備え、
前記制御電源を、前記蓄電装置の非充電時における前記平滑コンデンサの残留電圧により動作させて前記放電回路に電源電圧を供給し、前記放電回路により前記平滑コンデンサを放電させることを特徴とする車載型充電装置。 In the in-vehicle charging device that is connected to the AC power source and charges the in-vehicle power storage device,
An AC / DC converter for converting an AC voltage of the AC power source into a DC voltage;
A DC / DC converter that converts a DC voltage output from the AC / DC converter into a DC voltage of a predetermined magnitude and supplies the DC voltage to the power storage device;
A smoothing capacitor connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter;
A discharge circuit for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
A control power supply for supplying a power supply voltage to the discharge circuit;
With
An in-vehicle type wherein the control power supply is operated by a residual voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the power storage device is not charged to supply a power supply voltage to the discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit discharges the smoothing capacitor. Charging device. 請求項１に記載した車載型充電装置において、
前記制御電源により、前記交流／直流変換器及び前記直流／直流変換器に電源電圧を供給することを特徴とする車載型充電装置。 In the on-vehicle charging device according to claim 1,
A vehicle-mounted charging apparatus that supplies a power supply voltage to the AC / DC converter and the DC / DC converter by the control power supply. 請求項１または２に記載した車載型充電装置において、
前記交流／直流変換器を、力率制御回路として動作させることを特徴とする車載型充電装置。 The in-vehicle charging device according to claim 1 or 2,
A vehicle-mounted charging device, wherein the AC / DC converter is operated as a power factor control circuit. 請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載した車載型充電装置において、
前記制御電源が、ほぼ６０［Ｖ］以下の電圧により動作可能であることを特徴とする車載型充電装置。 In the vehicle-mounted charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The in-vehicle charging apparatus, wherein the control power supply is operable with a voltage of approximately 60 [V] or less.
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