JP2017061716A - Method for increasing temperature of charging material and residual material in furnace at blast furnace bottom - Google Patents
Method for increasing temperature of charging material and residual material in furnace at blast furnace bottom Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for raising a charge in a bottom of a blast furnace furnace and a residue in the furnace.
製鉄所の高炉は、コークスおよび微粉炭を用いて、鉄鉱石を還元し、溶解して、銑鉄を製造する設備である。高炉では、鉄鉱石とコークスを炉頂より装入し、羽口から、熱風と微粉炭が吹き込まれ、羽口前でコークスと微粉炭を燃焼し、炉熱をつける。しかし、時として、炉内の熱バランスが崩れ、炉内の装入物と溶解物の温度（以下、炉熱という。）が低下し、操業トラブルに陥ることがある。また、高炉を長期間休止した場合の操業立ち上がり時は、高炉の炉熱が失われている。高炉が、炉熱を失う原因としては、（１）炉内ガスの吹き抜けによる大量の熱損失、（２）炉体冷却設備の破損が原因する冷却水の炉内浸水による熱損失、（３）長期間の高炉操業停止（休風）による熱損失等がある。
上記（１）は、高炉の横断面が大きいことから、横断面の中で、通気抵抗が小さな特定の個所にガスが集中し、炉内の熱ガスが、一気に炉頂に吹き抜け、炉熱を失うことである。（２）は、送風のための羽口やレンガ保護のためのステーブクーラは、水冷されているため、破損時に冷却水が炉内に浸水し、一気に、炉熱を失うことである。（３）は、何らかの事故、たとえば、設備事故や地震等の場合は、Ｏ/Ｃ（鉱石とコークスの比）が高いまま休風にはいり、高Ｏ/Ｃでの送風開始時に、炉熱が付かず厳しい送風立ち上げとなる。また、計画的に行う長期休止（長時間休風、高炉バンキング）の立ち上げも、炉熱レベルは低く、厳しい送風立ち上げとなる。
A blast furnace at a steelworks is a facility for producing pig iron by reducing and melting iron ore using coke and pulverized coal. In the blast furnace, iron ore and coke are charged from the top of the furnace, hot air and pulverized coal are blown from the tuyere, and the coke and pulverized coal are burned in front of the tuyere, and the furnace heat is applied. However, sometimes the heat balance in the furnace is lost, and the temperature of the charge and melt in the furnace (hereinafter referred to as furnace heat) is lowered, resulting in operational troubles. In addition, the furnace heat of the blast furnace is lost at the start of operation when the blast furnace is stopped for a long time. The reasons why the blast furnace loses furnace heat are as follows: (1) a large amount of heat loss due to blow-through of the gas in the furnace, (2) heat loss due to inundation of cooling water in the furnace caused by damage to the furnace body cooling equipment, (3) There is heat loss due to long-term blast furnace shutdown (rest wind).
In the above (1), since the cross section of the blast furnace is large, the gas concentrates in a specific part where the ventilation resistance is small in the cross section, and the hot gas in the furnace blows to the top of the furnace at a stretch, and the furnace heat is To lose. (2) is because the tuyere for air blowing and the stave cooler for protecting bricks are cooled with water, so that the cooling water is immersed in the furnace at the time of breakage and loses the furnace heat at once. (3) In the case of some accidents such as equipment accidents and earthquakes, O / C (the ratio of ore and coke) is kept at a high level, and the heat from the furnace is reduced at the start of air blowing at high O / C. It will not be attached, and it will be a severe blast start. In addition, systematic long-term outages (long-term off-air, blast furnace banking) are also difficult to start because the furnace heat level is low.
高炉吹き抜け、炉内浸水又は事故により高炉が炉熱を失った場合に、炉底に残留する銑鉄・スラグの温度が低下するため、流動性が低下した銑鉄・スラグが炉底から炉外へ排出することが困難になるという問題がある。高炉では、炉に熱を供給する手段は、羽口から吹き込む熱風と羽口前でのコークスと微粉炭の燃焼である。上記の高炉の炉熱が低下した非常の事態においても、上記の羽口前での熱供給手段に限られる。 When the blast furnace loses furnace heat due to a blast furnace blowout, inundation in the furnace, or an accident, the temperature of pig iron and slag remaining at the bottom of the furnace decreases, so the pig iron and slag with reduced fluidity is discharged from the furnace bottom to the outside of the furnace. There is a problem that it becomes difficult to do. In the blast furnace, the means for supplying heat to the furnace is the hot air blown from the tuyere and the combustion of coke and pulverized coal in front of the tuyere. Even in an emergency situation where the furnace heat of the blast furnace is lowered, the heat supply means is limited to the heat supply means before the tuyere.
出銑口からの銑鉄の排出が困難で不十分のまま、高炉に熱を付けるために送風を継続し、羽口前でコークス又は微粉炭を燃焼させていると、鉱石が溶融し、銑鉄・スラグが製造される。しかし、出銑口からの銑鉄・スラグの排出ができないため、羽口前で溶融した銑鉄・スラグが炉底にたまった低温の銑鉄・スラグと合体し、炉底に貯留する低温の銑鉄・スラグは増加する。そして、低温の銑鉄・スラグが羽口レベルに達することとなる。そうすると、炉熱を付けるための送風の継続が不可能となり、高炉操業者が最も恐れる高炉冷え込み事故に至ることになる。 While it is difficult and insufficient to discharge pig iron from the taphole, blowing air is continued to heat the blast furnace, and if coke or pulverized coal is burned in front of the tuyere, the ore will melt, Slag is produced. However, because pig iron and slag cannot be discharged from the tap, the molten pig iron and slag melted in front of the tuyere is combined with the low-temperature pig iron and slag accumulated in the bottom of the furnace, and stored at the furnace bottom. Will increase. And low-temperature pig iron and slag will reach the tuyere level. If it does so, it will become impossible to continue ventilation for applying furnace heat, and it will lead to the blast furnace cooling accident which the blast furnace operator fears most.
高炉が冷え込み事故に至った場合、従来の回復方法は、以下の操業が余儀なくされる。冷え込んだ高炉に熱を与えなければならないが、羽口から送風し、コークスを燃焼したのでは、前述のごとく、出銑口からの排出ができない低温の銑鉄を炉底に貯めるだけであり、そのような操業をすることはできない。炉熱を付加するためには、送風しなければならず、送風すると、銑鉄・スラグが羽口前に生成され、炉外に排出できないという矛盾がある。そこで、出銑口の上部の１本の羽口を残し、その他の羽口は、全て、耐火物で閉塞する。１本の羽口から送風することで局部的に熱を付加する。送風する羽口前で生成した銑鉄・スラグは、出銑口から排出することができないので、送風羽口の隣の羽口から排出する。１本の羽口からの送風と、隣の羽口から銑鉄・スラグの排出を繰り返し、コークス燃焼を継続することで、１本羽口の前の熱を付ける。羽口前の熱がある程度ついた段階で、その隣の羽口からも送風を開始する。このようにして、出銑口上の送風羽口の本数を徐々に増加させ、熱レベルの高い銑鉄・スラグの範囲を広げ、出銑口近辺の熱を付いた段階で、出銑口からの銑鉄排出を可能となる。このようにして、出銑口上部の１本の羽口からスタートした操業を、徐々に隣の羽口へと送風羽口の本数を増やし、最後に全部の羽口からの送風が可能となった段階で、冷え込みからの脱出が可能となる。この間、冷え込みからの回復に２週間〜１か月以上の月日を要することもある。 When the blast furnace cools down, the conventional recovery method is forced to perform the following operations. Although it is necessary to heat the chilled blast furnace, if the air is blown from the tuyere and the coke is burned, as described above, the low-temperature pig iron that cannot be discharged from the outlet is only stored in the bottom of the furnace. You can't do that. In order to add furnace heat, it must be blown, and when it is blown, pig iron and slag are generated before the tuyere and there is a contradiction that it cannot be discharged out of the furnace. Therefore, one tuyere is left at the top of the tap and all other tuyere are closed with refractory. Heat is applied locally by blowing air from one tuyere. Since pig iron and slag generated in front of the tuyere that blows cannot be discharged from the spout, it is discharged from the tuyere next to the blower tuyere. By repeatedly blowing air from one tuyere and discharging pig iron and slag from the adjacent tuyere, and continuing coke combustion, heat is added in front of one tuyere. When the heat in front of the tuyere has reached a certain level, air is blown from the tuyere next to it. In this way, gradually increase the number of blower tuyere on the outlet, widen the range of pig iron and slag with high heat level, and at the stage with heat near the outlet, pig iron from the outlet It becomes possible to discharge. In this way, the operation started from one tuyere at the top of the tap is gradually increased to the next tuyere, and finally the air can be blown from all tuyere. At this stage, it is possible to escape from the cold. During this time, it may take 2 weeks to 1 month or more to recover from cooling.
特許文献１に冷え込みが発生したときに出銑口および出銑口直上の羽口部よりプラズマトーチを挿入し、高温の窒素、空気、酸素のいずれかを炉内に吹込む記載がある。また、出銑口と出銑口直上の羽口部の間に臨時出銑口を設置し、臨時出銑口および出銑口直上の羽口部よりプラズマトーチを挿入して、両トーチ間に通電しプラズマアークを発生させる発明の記載がある。 Patent Document 1 describes that when cooling occurs, a plasma torch is inserted from the tap and the tuyere immediately above the tap and either high-temperature nitrogen, air, or oxygen is blown into the furnace. In addition, a temporary outlet is installed between the outlet and the tuyere directly above the outlet, and a plasma torch is inserted from the temporary outlet and the tuyere immediately above the outlet, There is a description of an invention that energizes to generate a plasma arc.
高炉が炉熱を失った場合、高炉に熱を付ける手段は、羽口前で、コークス又は微粉炭を燃焼させる手段以外にはない。高炉に送風すると、羽口前に銑鉄・スラグが生成される。
銑鉄・スラグの排出は、羽口から離れた出銑口に限られ、羽口レベルと出銑口レベルは通常、２〜３ｍの間隔があり、羽口前に生成した銑鉄・スラグは、出銑口に達しない。このように、高炉が炉熱を失った場合、羽口前で生成した銑鉄・スラグの出銑口からの排出ができなくなることに問題がある。
When the blast furnace loses furnace heat, there is no means for heating the blast furnace other than the means for burning coke or pulverized coal in front of the tuyere. When air is blown to the blast furnace, pig iron and slag are generated in front of the tuyere.
The discharge of pig iron and slag is limited to the tap outlet far from the tuyere. The tuyere level and the tap level are usually 2 to 3 m apart, and the pig iron and slag generated before the tuyere is It doesn't reach Higuchi. Thus, when the blast furnace loses the furnace heat, there is a problem that pig iron and slag generated in front of the tuyere cannot be discharged from the outlet.
特許文献１に記載の発明は、高炉が炉熱を失った場合に、出銑口および出銑口直上の羽口部に、熱を投入する手段として有用である。しかし、臨時出銑口、プラズマトーチ、プラズマアーク設備が必要であり、出銑口近傍の狭い場所に大がかりな装置の設置が必要となる問題がある。 The invention described in Patent Document 1 is useful as a means for supplying heat to the tap and the tuyere just above the tap when the blast furnace loses furnace heat. However, there is a problem that a temporary tap, a plasma torch, and a plasma arc facility are necessary, and a large-scale device must be installed in a narrow place near the tap.
本発明者は、高炉が炉熱を失った場合、高炉に熱を付ける手段として、羽口前で、コークス又は微粉炭を燃焼させること以外の手段として、出銑口から燃料を吹き込むことを考えた。高炉が炉熱を失い、冷え込み事故に至る前に出銑口前に熱を付ければ、低温の炉底の銑鉄の温度を上げ、流動性を高め、銑鉄の出銑口からの排出が可能となり、冷え込み事故を未然に防ぐことができると考えた。
本発明の目的は、高炉が炉熱を失う直前に、又は失った場合に、出銑口から燃料を吹き込むことにより出銑口前の炉熱を付け、銑鉄の出銑口からの排出を促進し、早期の炉熱回復を可能とする高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法である。
The present inventor considered that when the blast furnace loses the furnace heat, as a means for heating the blast furnace, fuel is blown from the outlet as a means other than burning coke or pulverized coal in front of the tuyere. It was. If the blast furnace loses the heat of the furnace and heats it before the dredging accident, it will increase the temperature of the pig iron at the bottom of the furnace, improve the fluidity, and allow the pig iron to be discharged from the dock. I thought it was possible to prevent a cold accident.
The object of the present invention is to increase the furnace heat before the pit by blowing fuel from the pit before or after the blast furnace loses the furnace heat, and promote the discharge of pig iron from the pit. And a method for raising the temperature of the charged material and the residue in the furnace at the bottom of the blast furnace, which enables early furnace heat recovery.
本発明の要旨とするところは以下のとおりである。
（１）高炉の稼働を停止している期間に、出銑口から液体燃料を吹き込み、炉内で液体燃料を燃焼させることを特徴とする高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。
（２）出銑口から燃料吹き込みバーナーを高炉炉内に挿入する工程と、
前記出銑口の上部に位置する羽口からガスサンプラーを炉内に挿入する工程と、
前記ガスサンプラーから得られるガス温度とガス組成に応じて、前記出銑口から前記燃料吹き込みバーナーにより液体燃料を吹き込む工程と、
を実施することを特徴とする（１）に記載の高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。
（３）前記液体燃料が、軽油であることを特徴とする（１）又は（２）に記載の高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。
（４）前記燃料吹き込みバーナーの先端の位置が、前記出銑口の内表面から、６００ｍｍ以上であることを特徴とする（２）又は（３）に記載の高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。
（５）燃料吹き込みランスが、高炉の出銑口開口機に装着されており、前記出銑口開口機を用いて前記燃料吹き込みランスを高炉炉内に挿入することを特徴とする（１）乃至（４）のいずれか１つに記載の高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) In the period when the operation of the blast furnace is stopped, the liquid fuel is blown from the tap and the liquid fuel is burned in the furnace. Warm method.
(2) inserting a fuel-injection burner into the blast furnace from the tap;
Inserting a gas sampler into the furnace from the tuyere located above the tap;
According to the gas temperature and gas composition obtained from the gas sampler, the step of blowing liquid fuel from the outlet with the fuel blowing burner,
(1) The method for raising the temperature of the charge and the residue in the furnace at the bottom of the blast furnace furnace according to (1).
(3) The method for raising a charge in a blast furnace bottom portion and a residue in the furnace according to (1) or (2), wherein the liquid fuel is light oil.
(4) The charge and furnace at the bottom of the blast furnace furnace according to (2) or (3), wherein the position of the tip of the fuel blowing burner is 600 mm or more from the inner surface of the tap outlet Method of raising the temperature of the residue inside.
(5) A fuel injection lance is mounted on a blast furnace outlet opening machine, and the fuel injection lance is inserted into the blast furnace furnace using the outlet opening machine. (4) The method for raising the temperature of charges and furnace residues at the bottom of the blast furnace furnace according to any one of (4).
高炉が炉熱を失う直前に、又は失った場合に、出銑口から燃料を吹き込むことにより出銑口前の炉熱を付け、銑鉄の出銑口からの排出を促進し、早期の炉熱回復を可能とすることができる。 Immediately before or when the blast furnace loses furnace heat, fuel is injected from the outlet to add furnace heat before the outlet, facilitating the discharge of pig iron from the outlet, and early furnace heat Recovery can be possible.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本発明は、炉内ガス吹き抜け、炉内浸水又は設備事故による長期休止の後の高炉操業の立ち上げ時に冷え込み事故に陥らないように、高炉休止中に、出銑口から液体燃料を吹き込み、炉内で液体を燃焼させ、出銑口からの銑鉄・スラグの排出を促進させることに特徴がある。また、高炉が冷え込み事故に陥った時に、出銑口から液体燃料を吹き込み、炉内で液体を燃焼させ、出銑口からの銑鉄・スラグの排出を促進させることに特徴がある。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention blows liquid fuel from the outlet during the blast furnace outage so as not to cause a cooling accident when starting up the blast furnace operation after long-term outage due to in-furnace gas blowout, inundation in the furnace, or equipment accident. It is characterized by burning liquid inside and promoting the discharge of pig iron and slag from the tap. In addition, when the blast furnace cools down and falls into an accident, liquid fuel is blown from the tap, and the liquid is burned in the furnace, facilitating the discharge of pig iron and slag from the tap.
本発明では、出銑口から吹き込む燃料は、液体燃料である。燃料として、天然ガス等の可燃性ガスを吹き込むことも考えられる。しかし、高圧ガス仕様の設備が必要で、設備費の負担が大きく、高炉炉熱低下時に、迅速な準備が難しい。出銑口に燃焼バーナーを挿入して、固化したスラグ等（以下「固化物」ということがある。）を溶解する場合、法律に従って設置したガス設備（最大で、１．９６Ｍｐａ）では、必要ガス圧が不足して、溶解物を吹き飛ばすことができず、溶解物がランス内に逆流して、固化物の溶解が進行しない。そして、可燃性ガスを吹き込みランスにより、炉内に吹き込む際に、ランスと吹き込み孔（吹き込みランスを装入する孔）の間隙から、ガスが逆流し、炎上するという危険性がある。その他、取り扱い上、爆発等の危険性も高い。
これに対し、液体燃料は、気体燃料に比べハンドリング性が良好であり、ポンプユニットによる押し込みで済み、設備的に負担が軽い。そして、吹込み圧力に関して、気体燃料のような法的問題がない。出銑口に挿入した燃焼バーナーに液体燃料を圧送して燃焼させれば、固化物を溶解するとともに、溶解物を吹き飛ばすことができ、高炉の冷え込み状態を短期間で操業可能状態に回復できる。
特に、高炉の炉熱低下時は、迅速な対応が不可欠であり、液体燃料吹き込みの準備は短時間で可能である。
In the present invention, the fuel blown from the tap is a liquid fuel. It is also conceivable to inject combustible gas such as natural gas as fuel. However, high-pressure gas equipment is required, the cost of equipment is large, and rapid preparation is difficult when the blast furnace heat falls. When melting a solidified slag (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “solidified product”) by inserting a combustion burner at the tap outlet, the required gas is required in the gas equipment (maximum 1.96 MPa) installed in accordance with the law. Since the pressure is insufficient, the melt cannot be blown off, and the melt flows back into the lance, so that the solidified product does not dissolve. Then, when the combustible gas is blown into the furnace by the blow lance, there is a risk that the gas flows backward from the gap between the lance and the blow hole (hole into which the blow lance is inserted) and flames are generated. In addition, there is a high risk of explosion during handling.
On the other hand, liquid fuel has better handling properties than gaseous fuel, requires only a push-in operation by a pump unit, and is light in equipment. And there is no legal problem like gaseous fuel with regard to blowing pressure. If liquid fuel is pumped and burned to the combustion burner inserted in the tap outlet, the solidified material can be melted and the melted material can be blown away, and the blast furnace cooling state can be restored to an operable state in a short period of time.
In particular, prompt response is indispensable when the furnace heat of the blast furnace is lowered, and preparation for injecting liquid fuel is possible in a short time.
液体燃料は、特定の液体燃料に限定されないが、所要の燃焼熱を確保する必要があることから、軽油、灯油、重油が好ましい。特に、取扱が容易で法律上の制約が軽微な軽油が好ましい。液体燃料は、燃焼用の酸素ガスと共に吹き込む。
バーナー先端での噴射圧は、３．９２Ｍｐａ以上が必要である。これ未満では、溶解物が逆流してバーナー口を閉塞するので、円滑な加熱が不可能となる。
The liquid fuel is not limited to a specific liquid fuel, but light oil, kerosene, and heavy oil are preferred because it is necessary to ensure required combustion heat. In particular, light oil that is easy to handle and has few legal restrictions is preferable. Liquid fuel is injected together with oxygen gas for combustion.
The injection pressure at the burner tip needs to be 3.92 Mpa or more. If it is less than this, since the melt flows backward and closes the burner port, smooth heating becomes impossible.
混合気、燃料圧送装置の燃料圧送能力、及び、酸素の元圧は、６．８６Ｍｐａ以上とすることが好ましい。これによって、バーナー先端での噴射圧３．９２Ｍｐａを確保しつつ、さらに、高い噴射圧を柔軟に使用する操業が可能となり、溶解作業時間を短縮できる。 The air-fuel mixture, the fuel pumping capacity of the fuel pumping device, and the oxygen source pressure are preferably 6.86 Mpa or more. As a result, it is possible to perform an operation in which a high injection pressure is flexibly used while securing an injection pressure of 3.92 Mpa at the tip of the burner, and the melting work time can be shortened.
燃料吹き込みにあたっては、出銑口開孔機を利用する。燃料吹き込みランスは、高炉の出銑口開孔機に装着させ、開孔用ドリフターを用いて燃料吹き込みランスを高炉炉内に挿入する。 When fuel is injected, a tap opening machine is used. The fuel blowing lance is attached to a blast furnace outlet opening machine, and the fuel blowing lance is inserted into the blast furnace furnace using an opening drifter.
炉容積４０００ｍ３級の大型高炉の休風時に、出銑口から軽油を吹き込む実験を実施した。
図１に出銑口からの軽油吹き込み設備を示す。軽油タンクローリー１から鋳床に仮設した軽油タンク２に軽油を移送する。ポンプユニット３による押し込みで、軽油吹き込みランス４から、出銑口５に軽油を吹き込んだ。軽油吹き込みバーナー４は、出銑口開孔機にセットし、出銑口に挿入した。
At the time of the furnace volume 4000m 3-class holiday-style large-scale blast furnace, experiments were carried out to blow the light oil from the taphole.
Fig. 1 shows the facility for blowing light oil from the tap. The light oil is transferred from the light oil tank lorry 1 to the
高炉休風に入る前に、まず、軽油を吹き込む出銑口５から、銑鉄、スラグを十分に排出した。出銑口前で、軽油吹き込みランス４の挿入を容易にするためである。高炉休風後、出銑口５を閉塞し、出銑口マッド（耐火物）が焼成後、軽油吹き込みランス４を出銑口に挿入した。
図２に出銑口からの軽油吹き込みバーナー４の挿入状況を示す。出銑口前の炉内側には、出銑口マッド（耐火物）が堆積した出銑口耐火物７が存在するが、まず、出銑口開孔用の錐で、出銑口耐火物７を貫通させ、軽油吹き込みバーナー４を挿入するための孔を作成した。
次に、出銑口開口機に長さ４５００ｍｍの軽油吹き込みバーナー４をセットし、出銑口開口機の推進力により、軽油吹き込みバーナー４を出銑口５の前記孔に挿入した。
軽油吹き込みバーナー４の先端を出銑口の内表面から炉内に６００ｍｍ以上に挿入して吹き込むと、軽油が円滑に燃焼することができた。軽油吹き込みバーナー４の先端が出銑口の内表面から炉内に１００ｍｍ以下の場合、炉内に吹き込んだ軽油が炉外に逆流し、軽油吹き込みが円滑に実施することができなかった。
炉内に吹き込まれた軽油は、高温のコークス層内で、燃焼用酸素により燃焼した。
Prior to entering the blast furnace breezes, first, pig iron and slag were sufficiently discharged from the
FIG. 2 shows a state where the light oil blowing burner 4 is inserted from the tap. There is a tap refractory 7 in which a tap mud (refractory) is deposited inside the furnace before the tap, but first, the tap refractory 7 is a cone for opening the tap. And a hole for inserting the light oil blowing burner 4 was created.
Next, the light oil blowing burner 4 having a length of 4500 mm was set in the tap opening machine, and the light oil blowing burner 4 was inserted into the hole of the
When the tip of the light oil blowing burner 4 was inserted 600 mm or more into the furnace from the inner surface of the tap hole, the light oil could be burned smoothly. When the front end of the light oil blowing burner 4 was 100 mm or less from the inner surface of the tap hole into the furnace, the light oil blown into the furnace flowed back to the outside of the furnace, and the light oil blowing could not be carried out smoothly.
The light oil blown into the furnace burned with combustion oxygen in the high temperature coke layer.
炉内での軽油の燃焼を確認するため、軽油を吹き込んだ出銑口５の上部にある羽口６からガスサンプラー８を挿入し、ガス組成とガス温度を測定した。図２において、出銑口５とその上部の羽口６の間隔は、４６５５ｍｍである。
図３に軽油吹き込み出銑口５と、ガスサンプラー８を挿入した羽口６の位置関係を示す。出銑口５（Ｎｏ２ＴＨ）から軽油を吹き込み、出銑口５（Ｎｏ２ＴＨ）の直上にある羽口６（Ｎｏ１７）にガスサンプラー８を挿入した。
また、出銑口５（Ｎｏ２ＴＨ）の上にある羽口（Ｎｏ１６）から炉内に温度計９を挿入し、また、それとの比較のために、軽油を吹き込んだ出銑口５（Ｎｏ２ＴＨ）から遠く離れた羽口（Ｎｏ３８）から炉内に温度計９を挿入して、温度を測定した。
In order to confirm the combustion of light oil in the furnace, a
FIG. 3 shows the positional relationship between the light
Further, the thermometer 9 is inserted into the furnace from the tuyere (No16) above the taphole 5 (No2TH), and for comparison with the taphole 5 (No2TH) into which light oil has been blown. A thermometer 9 was inserted into the furnace from a far tuyere (No 38) and the temperature was measured.
図４に出銑口５からの軽油吹き込みの実績を示す。図４（Ａ）は、吹き込んだ軽油量及び酸素量である。図４（Ｂ）は、羽口先端から炉内側３００ｍｍの位置のガスサンプラー８によるＣＯ、ＣＯ２およびＨ２のガス成分値（％）である。投入酸素増加により、ＣＯガス成分が上昇した。また、軽油吹込み量増加により、Ｈ２分も上昇した。
図４（Ｃ）は、軽油を吹き込んだ出銑口５（Ｎｏ２ＴＨ）の上部の羽口６（Ｎｏ１６）と、Ｎｏ２ＴＨから離れた位置にある羽口６（Ｎｏ３８）の羽口先端から炉内側３００ｍｍの位置の温度を示す。出銑口からの軽油吹き込みにより、出銑口の上部羽口前の温度が上昇し、出銑口前の炉内で、軽油が燃焼したことを示した。これに対し、Ｎｏ２ＴＨから離れた位置にある羽口６（Ｎｏ３８）の羽口前の温度の上昇はなかった。
FIG. 4 shows the results of light oil blowing from the
FIG. 4 (C) shows the upper tuyere 6 (No16) of the tap hole 5 (No2TH) into which light oil has been blown and the tuyere tip of the tuyere 6 (No38) located away from No2TH, 300 mm inside the furnace. The temperature at the position is shown. The temperature before the upper tuyere of the tap was raised by blowing light oil from the tap, indicating that light oil was burned in the furnace before the tap. On the other hand, there was no increase in temperature before the tuyere of tuyere 6 (No38) located at a position away from No2TH.
以上の実験により、高炉の事故等により、炉底に残留する銑鉄・スラグの温度が低下した場合に、出銑口からの軽油吹き込みにより、銑鉄・スラグの温度を上昇させることができ、早期の炉熱回復を図り、高炉の冷え込みを未然に防ぐことができることを確認した。 As a result of the above experiment, when the temperature of pig iron and slag remaining at the bottom of the furnace decreases due to a blast furnace accident, etc., the temperature of pig iron and slag can be increased by blowing light oil from the tap outlet. It was confirmed that the blast furnace can be prevented from cooling down by recovering the furnace heat.
高炉が炉熱を失う直前に、又は失った場合に、出銑口から燃料を吹き込むことにより出銑口前の炉熱を付け、銑鉄の出銑口からの排出を促進し、早期の炉熱回復を可能とする高炉操業に利用することができる。 Immediately before or when the blast furnace loses furnace heat, fuel is injected from the outlet to add furnace heat before the outlet, facilitating the discharge of pig iron from the outlet, and early furnace heat It can be used for blast furnace operation that enables recovery.
１…軽油タンクローリー、２…軽油タンク、３…ポンプユニット、４…軽油吹き込みバーナー、５…出銑口、６…羽口、７…出銑口耐火物、８…ガスサンプラー、９…温度計。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Light oil tank lorry, 2 ... Light oil tank, 3 ... Pump unit, 4 ... Light oil blowing burner, 5 ... Outlet, 6 ... Feather, 7 ... Outlet refractory, 8 ... Gas sampler, 9 ... Thermometer.
Claims (5)
前記出銑口の上部に位置する羽口からガスサンプラーを炉内に挿入する工程と、
前記ガスサンプラーから得られるガス温度とガス組成に応じて、前記出銑口から前記燃料吹き込みバーナーにより液体燃料を吹き込む工程と、
を実施することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法。 Inserting a fuel blowing burner into the blast furnace from the tap;
Inserting a gas sampler into the furnace from the tuyere located above the tap;
According to the gas temperature and gas composition obtained from the gas sampler, the step of blowing liquid fuel from the outlet with the fuel blowing burner,
The method for raising the temperature of the charged material and the residue in the furnace at the bottom of the blast furnace furnace according to claim 1, wherein:
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