JP2017058899A - Evacuation guidance system - Google Patents

Evacuation guidance system Download PDF

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JP2017058899A
JP2017058899A JP2015182529A JP2015182529A JP2017058899A JP 2017058899 A JP2017058899 A JP 2017058899A JP 2015182529 A JP2015182529 A JP 2015182529A JP 2015182529 A JP2015182529 A JP 2015182529A JP 2017058899 A JP2017058899 A JP 2017058899A
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浩一郎 酒井
Koichiro Sakai
浩一郎 酒井
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Kuroi Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an evacuation guidance system without requiring a specific operation at a low cost by performing a control for automatically prohibiting an erroneous flashing operation of guide light due to a voltage fall of a storage battery during a power failure.SOLUTION: An evacuation guidance system is composed of an automatic fire alarm facility, a signal device for guide light, and a flashing type guide light device, and they are provided with a storage battery for performing a back-up of a commercial power source at an emergency time. The guide light device detects a change of a reception voltage, and assumes that a fire occurs when the reception voltage changes from a flashing stop signal voltage which is a predetermined voltage to a flashing signal voltage such as 0 V at a stretch so as to light on or off the flashing device, and assumes that a power failure occurs when the reception voltage is gradually lowered from the flashing stop signal voltage to the flashing signal voltage and maintains the flashing light-off state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

この発明は、火災などの災害発生時に建物内から人を出口に安全に誘導するために用いられる避難誘導システムに関する。   The present invention relates to an evacuation guidance system used for safely guiding a person from a building to an exit when a disaster such as a fire occurs.

従来より、非常口の場所や避難経路等を表示する避難誘導システムが広く一般に普及している。このような避難誘導システムでは、常時において、商用電源からＡＣ電源を得るとともに、そのＡＣ電源により蓄電池を充電している。そして、ＡＣ電源からの電力供給が受けられない非常時（火災発生時）には、その蓄電池からＤＣ電源をシステムに供給している。   Conventionally, an evacuation guidance system that displays an emergency exit location, an evacuation route, and the like has been widely used. In such an evacuation guidance system, AC power is always obtained from a commercial power source, and a storage battery is charged by the AC power source. In an emergency (when a fire occurs) when power supply from the AC power supply cannot be received, DC power is supplied from the storage battery to the system.

避難誘導システムは、一般には、外部からの火災検知信号受信時に火災発生や避難誘導を示す移報信号を出力する自動火災報知設備と、前記自動火災報知設備に接続され、前記移報信号を受信していない時は所定の電圧の点滅停止信号電圧を出力し、前記移報信号の受信時には０Ｖ等、点滅停止信号電圧に比して十分に低い電圧の点滅信号電圧を出力する誘導灯用信号装置と、前記誘導灯用信号装置に接続され、前記所定の電圧の点滅停止信号電圧の受信時には消灯し、前記点滅信号電圧の受信時には点滅発光する点滅装置を含む誘導灯装置と、を備えている。   In general, the evacuation guidance system is connected to the automatic fire notification facility that outputs a transfer signal indicating a fire occurrence or evacuation guidance when receiving a fire detection signal from the outside, and receives the transfer signal. If not, a blinking stop signal voltage of a predetermined voltage is output, and a signal for a guide lamp that outputs a blinking signal voltage that is sufficiently lower than the blinking stop signal voltage, such as 0 V, when receiving the transition signal. And a guide light device including a blinking device connected to the signal device for the guide light, turned off when the blinking stop signal voltage of the predetermined voltage is received, and blinking when receiving the blinking signal voltage. Yes.

上記システムでは、自動火災報知設備と誘導灯用信号装置とは、常時には商用電源で駆動されるが、火災などにより商用電源の供給が停止した非常時には蓄電池で駆動されるようになっている。また、蓄電池は、常時においてトリクル充電されるようになっていて、常に満充電状態にされている。   In the system described above, the automatic fire alarm system and the signal device for the guide light are always driven by a commercial power source, but are driven by a storage battery in an emergency when the supply of the commercial power source is stopped due to a fire or the like. Further, the storage battery is always trickle charged, and is always in a fully charged state.

しかし、強制的に商用電源をオフするメンテナンス時などの停電時においては、誘導灯用信号装置は蓄電池で動作をする。そこで、もし停電時間が長くなるなど蓄電池による動作時間が長くなると、蓄電池の電圧が徐々に低下してきて、誘導灯用信号装置の出力電圧も低下する。そして、出力電圧が０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧まで低下すると、誘導灯装置が火災発生と誤判断して点滅発光する。すなわち、火災などが発生していないのに、点滅発光することになる。   However, in the event of a power failure such as during maintenance that forcibly turns off the commercial power supply, the signal device for the guide lamp operates with a storage battery. Therefore, if the operation time by the storage battery becomes long, such as when the power failure time becomes long, the voltage of the storage battery gradually decreases and the output voltage of the signal device for the guide light also decreases. When the output voltage decreases to a blinking signal voltage such as 0V, the guide lamp device erroneously determines that a fire has occurred and flashes and emits light. That is, the flashing light is emitted even though no fire has occurred.

このような不具合を解決するため、煙感知器連動端子を使用する（特許文献１）システムが提案されている。   In order to solve such a problem, a system using a smoke detector interlocking terminal (Patent Document 1) has been proposed.

特開２００２−３５２３３７号公報JP 2002-352337 A

しかし、上記の先行例の構造では、点滅発光を防ぐために事前にスイッチ操作をする必要があるため、意図しない停電発生時には誘導灯装置が点滅発光してしまう。又は、煙感知器連動端子への配線が必要になるため高コストになる問題があった。   However, in the structure of the preceding example, since it is necessary to perform a switch operation in advance to prevent flashing light emission, the guide light device flashes and emits light when an unintended power failure occurs. Or, there is a problem of high cost because wiring to the smoke detector interlocking terminal is required.

この発明の目的は、停電時において蓄電池の電圧低下に起因する誘導灯装置の誤点滅動作を自動的に禁止する制御を行うようにして、低コストで特別な操作も不要な避難誘導システムを提供することにある。   It is an object of the present invention to provide an evacuation guidance system that does not require special operation at a low cost by performing a control that automatically prohibits erroneous blinking operation of a guide light device due to a voltage drop of a storage battery at the time of a power failure There is to do.

この発明の避難誘導システムは、
外部からの火災検知信号受信時に火災発生や避難誘導を示す移報信号を出力する自動火災報知設備と、
前記自動火災報知設備に接続され、前記移報信号を受信していない時は所定の電圧の点滅停止信号電圧を出力し、前記移報信号の受信時には前記点滅停止信号電圧よりも十分に低い電圧の点滅信号電圧を出力する誘導灯用信号装置と、
前記誘導灯用信号装置に接続され、前記点滅停止信号電圧の受信時には消灯し、前記点滅信号電圧の受信時には点滅発光する点滅装置を含む誘導灯装置と、を備える避難誘導システムにおいて、
前記自動火災報知設備、前記誘導灯用信号装置、前記誘導灯装置は、非常時に商用電源のバックアップを行う蓄電池を備え、
前記誘導灯装置は、受信電圧の変化を検出し、該受信電圧が前記点滅停止信号電圧から前記点滅信号電圧に一気に変化した場合は、火災発生とみなして前記点滅装置を点滅発光させ、該受信電圧が前記点滅停止信号電圧から徐々に低下して前記点滅信号電圧に変化した場合は、停電とみなして前記点滅装置の消灯状態を維持することを特徴とする。 The evacuation guidance system of this invention
An automatic fire alarm system that outputs a warning signal indicating the occurrence of a fire or evacuation guidance when receiving a fire detection signal from the outside,
Connected to the automatic fire alarm facility and outputs a blinking stop signal voltage of a predetermined voltage when the transition signal is not received, and a voltage sufficiently lower than the blinking stop signal voltage when receiving the transition signal A signal device for a guide light that outputs a blinking signal voltage of
In an evacuation guidance system comprising: a guide light device that is connected to the signal device for the guide light, turns off when receiving the blinking stop signal voltage, and includes a blinking device that emits light when the blinking signal voltage is received;
The automatic fire alarm facility, the signal device for the guide light, the guide light device includes a storage battery for backing up a commercial power source in an emergency,
The guide lamp device detects a change in the reception voltage, and when the reception voltage changes from the blinking stop signal voltage to the blinking signal voltage at a stroke, it is considered that a fire has occurred and the blinking device is caused to blink and emit light. When the voltage gradually decreases from the blinking stop signal voltage and changes to the blinking signal voltage, it is regarded as a power failure, and the blinking device is kept off.

外部からの火災検知信号は、建物の所定の箇所に設置されている火災報知器から発せられる。自動火災報知設備は、上記火災検知信号を一つでも受信すると、火災発生や避難誘導を示す移報信号を誘導灯用信号装置に出力する。誘導灯用信号装置は常時所定の電圧（点滅停止信号電圧）を誘導灯装置に出力しているが、前記移報信号を受信すると点滅停止信号電圧に比して十分に低い電圧（０Ｖ等）の点滅信号電圧を誘導灯装置に出力する。   An external fire detection signal is emitted from a fire alarm installed at a predetermined location in the building. When any one of the fire detection signals is received, the automatic fire notification facility outputs a transfer signal indicating the occurrence of a fire or evacuation guidance to the signal device for the guide light. The guide light signal device always outputs a predetermined voltage (flashing stop signal voltage) to the guide light device, but when receiving the transfer signal, a voltage sufficiently lower than the flashing stop signal voltage (0 V, etc.) Is output to the guide lamp device.

誘導灯装置は、０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧を受信すると内蔵の点滅装置を点滅発光させる。   When the guide lamp device receives a blinking signal voltage such as 0 V, the built-in blinking device blinks and emits light.

ここで、前記誘導灯装置は、受信電圧の変化を常時検出していて、該受信電圧が前記所定の電圧の点滅停止信号電圧から０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧に一気に変化した場合は、火災発生とみなして前記点滅装置を点滅発光させ、該受信電圧が前記点滅停止信号電圧から徐々に低下して０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧に変化した場合は、停電とみなして前記点滅装置の消灯状態を維持する。蓄電池は放電時の電圧が徐々に低下するため、点検時などにおいて、誘導灯用信号装置が蓄電池を電源として作動しているときは、蓄電池の電圧の低下が緩やかである。このため、停電時においては、誘導灯用信号装置の蓄電池の電圧が０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧まで放電しても、停電とみなして前記点滅装置は消灯状態を維持する。   Here, the guide lamp device constantly detects a change in the received voltage, and if the received voltage changes from a blinking stop signal voltage of the predetermined voltage to a blinking signal voltage such as 0 V at a stroke, a fire has occurred. The flashing device is caused to flash and light is emitted. When the received voltage gradually decreases from the flashing stop signal voltage and changes to a flashing signal voltage such as 0 V, it is regarded as a power failure and the flashing device is kept off. . Since the voltage at the time of discharge of the storage battery gradually decreases, the voltage of the storage battery gradually decreases when the guide lamp signal device is operated using the storage battery as a power source at the time of inspection or the like. For this reason, at the time of a power failure, even if the voltage of the storage battery of the guide light signal device is discharged to a blinking signal voltage such as 0V, the blinking device is regarded as a power failure and maintains the extinguished state.

この発明では、蓄電池の放電特性が徐々に下降することを利用して、誘導灯用信号装置からの出力が０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧になった原因が、火災発生によるものなのか停電によるものなのかを判断するようにしているため、メンテナンス時に誘導灯装置のバックアップ用の蓄電池を外す作業が不要で、また、煙感知器連動端子への配線や、煙感知器連動システムが利用できなくなる問題も発生しない。そして、誘導灯用信号装置の点検作業が容易に行え、また、意図しない停電発生時に、誘導灯装置の誤発光を防ぐことが可能になる。   In the present invention, the cause of the output from the signal device for the guide light becoming a blinking signal voltage such as 0V is due to the occurrence of a fire or due to a power failure by utilizing the gradual decline of the discharge characteristics of the storage battery. Therefore, there is no need to remove the backup battery for the guide light device during maintenance, and the wiring to the smoke detector interlock terminal and the smoke detector interlock system cannot be used. Does not occur. And the inspection work of the signal device for guide lights can be performed easily, and it becomes possible to prevent erroneous light emission of the guide light device when an unintended power failure occurs.

この発明の実施形態の避難誘導システムのブロック図である。1 is a block diagram of an evacuation guidance system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 誘導灯用信号装置の出力電圧変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the output voltage change of the signal apparatus for guide lights. 点滅型誘導灯装置５における制御部の点滅有無判定フローを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the blink presence determination flow of the control part in the blinking type | mold guide light apparatus.

図１は、この発明の実施形態の避難誘導システムのブロック図である。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an evacuation guidance system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

火災報知器１は、建物の複数個所に設置されており、いずれかの火災報知器で火災を検知すると火災検知信号を自動火災報知設備２に出力する。自動火災報知設備２は、商用電源から分岐した１００Ｖの防災システム用専用電源３で作動し、火災検知信号を受信すると移報信号（火災発生・避難誘導信号）を誘導灯用信号装置４に出力する。誘導灯用信号装置４は、移報信号を受信すると複数の点滅型誘導灯装置５に点滅信号電圧を出力する。点滅型誘導灯装置５は、内部に点滅装置を備え、点滅信号電圧を受信すると点滅装置を点滅発光させる。点滅信号電圧はこの実施形態では０Ｖとしている。なお、誘導灯用信号装置４は、移報信号を受信していない時はＤＣ２４Ｖの点滅停止信号電圧を出力し、点滅型誘導灯装置５は、ＤＣ２４Ｖの点滅停止信号電圧を受信しているとき点滅装置を消灯状態としている。   The fire alarms 1 are installed at a plurality of locations in a building, and when a fire is detected by any of the fire alarms, a fire detection signal is output to the automatic fire alarm facility 2. The automatic fire alarm system 2 is operated by a dedicated power supply 3 for a disaster prevention system of 100V branched from a commercial power source, and when a fire detection signal is received, a transfer signal (fire occurrence / evacuation guidance signal) is output to the signal device 4 for the guide light To do. The guide light signal device 4 outputs a blinking signal voltage to the plurality of blinking type guide light devices 5 when receiving the transfer signal. The blinking guide lamp device 5 includes a blinking device inside, and when the blinking signal voltage is received, the blinking device blinks and emits light. The blinking signal voltage is 0 V in this embodiment. The guide light signal device 4 outputs a DC24V blinking stop signal voltage when no transfer signal is received, and the blinking guide light device 5 receives a DC24V blinking stop signal voltage. The blinking device is turned off.

点滅信号電圧はこの実施形態では０Ｖとしているが、ＤＣ２４Ｖの点滅停止信号電圧に比して十分に低い電圧あれば良い。   The blinking signal voltage is set to 0 V in this embodiment, but may be a voltage sufficiently lower than the blinking stop signal voltage of DC 24V.

前記自動火災報知設備２、誘導灯用信号装置４、点滅型誘導灯装置５は、常時は商用電源から分岐した防災システム用専用電源３で作動し、また、これらは内部にトリクル充電されている蓄電池（二次電池）２０、４０、５０を備えていて、停電時にはこの蓄電池で作動するようになっている。   The automatic fire alarm facility 2, the guide light signal device 4 and the flashing guide light device 5 are always operated by a dedicated power source 3 for a disaster prevention system branched from a commercial power source, and these are trickle charged inside. A storage battery (secondary battery) 20, 40, 50 is provided, and is operated by this storage battery during a power failure.

誘導灯用信号装置４からの出力は、常時はＤＣ２４Ｖの所定の電圧に設定されており、火災発生時に０Ｖとなる。この０Ｖが点滅信号電圧となる。   The output from the signal device 4 for the guide light is normally set to a predetermined voltage of 24V DC and becomes 0V when a fire occurs. This 0V is the blinking signal voltage.

また、誘導灯用信号装置４は、常時は１００Ｖの防災システム用専用電源３で作動し、出力をＤＣ２４Ｖに設定するが、停電時では蓄電池で作動するため、停電時間が長くなるに従ってＤＣ２４Ｖが低下していき、最後には０Ｖまで低下する。従来では、火災が発生していないにもかかわらず、０Ｖ等の点滅信号電圧まで低下すると、点滅型誘導灯装置５は点滅信号と誤判断してしまい、誘導灯を点滅発光させるが、本実施形態では、以下のように作動することで、上記誤判断を避ける。   In addition, the signal device 4 for the guide light is normally operated by the dedicated power supply 3 for the disaster prevention system of 100V and the output is set to DC24V. However, since it operates by the storage battery at the time of power failure, the DC24V decreases as the power failure time becomes longer And finally it drops to 0V. Conventionally, when the flashing signal voltage drops to 0V or the like even though no fire has occurred, the flashing guide light device 5 misjudges it as a flashing signal and causes the guide light to flash and emit light. In the embodiment, the above-mentioned misjudgment is avoided by operating as follows.

図２は、誘導灯用信号装置４の出力電圧変化を示している。   FIG. 2 shows changes in the output voltage of the signal device 4 for the guide light.

同図（Ａ）は、１００Ｖの防災システム用専用電源３で作動している状態で移報信号を受信したときの変化を示し、同図（Ｂ）は、蓄電池で作動している時の誘導灯用信号装置４の出力電圧変化を示している。   The figure (A) shows the change when receiving a transfer signal while operating with the dedicated power supply 3 for disaster prevention system of 100V, and the figure (B) shows the guidance when operating with a storage battery. A change in output voltage of the lamp signal device 4 is shown.

図２（Ａ）に示すようにタイミングｔ０で火災検知信号が自動火災報知設備２に入力すると、自動火災報知設備２から誘導灯用信号装置４に移報信号が出力され、誘導灯用信号装置４からの出力電圧は、所定の電圧であるＤＣ２４Ｖから０Ｖに低下する。これにより、各点滅型誘導灯装置５は点滅発光をする。   As shown in FIG. 2A, when a fire detection signal is input to the automatic fire alarm facility 2 at timing t0, a transfer signal is output from the automatic fire alarm facility 2 to the signal device 4 for the guide light, and the signal device for the guide light The output voltage from 4 drops from a predetermined voltage of DC 24V to 0V. Thereby, each blinking type guide light device 5 emits blinking light.

一方、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、停電が発生すると、誘導灯用信号装置４の蓄電池４０の放電特性は一定の時間（例えば２０分程度）ＤＣ２４Ｖの点滅停止信号電圧を維持するが、その後徐々に低下していく。そして、そのまま停電状態が復帰しないと、ＤＣ２４Ｖが点滅信号電圧である０Ｖとなる。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), when a power failure occurs, the discharge characteristics of the storage battery 40 of the signal device 4 for the guide light maintain a blinking stop signal voltage of DC 24V for a certain time (for example, about 20 minutes) Then it gradually decreases. And if a power failure state does not return as it is, DC24V becomes 0V which is a blinking signal voltage.

しかし、本実施形態のシステムでは、点滅型誘導灯装置５において、誘導灯用信号装置４からの受信電圧の変化の傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）を検出し、この傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）に基づいて０Ｖになった原因が、火災によるものなのか停電によるものなのかを判定している。すなわち、図２（Ａ）のように傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）が大きい場合は、０Ｖに変化した原因が火災によるものであり、図２（Ｂ）のように傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）が小さい場合は、０Ｖに変化した原因が停電によるものだと判定する。そして、前者の場合は、点滅型誘導灯装置５は火災発生と判断して点滅装置を点滅発光させるが、後者の場合は、停電と判断しての消灯状態を維持する。   However, in the system of the present embodiment, the blinking guide light device 5 detects the slope (dV / dt) of the change in the received voltage from the guide light signal device 4, and based on this slope (dV / dt). It is judged whether the cause of 0V is due to fire or power failure. That is, when the slope (dV / dt) is large as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the cause of the change to 0V is due to fire, and the slope (dV / dt) is small as shown in FIG. 2 (B). Determines that the cause of the change to 0V is due to a power failure. In the former case, the flashing guide lamp device 5 determines that a fire has occurred and causes the flashing device to flash and emit light. In the latter case, it is determined that a power failure has occurred and maintains the extinguished state.

図３は、点滅型誘導灯装置５における制御部の点滅有無判定フローを示す。   FIG. 3 shows a flashing presence / absence determination flow of the control unit in the flashing guide lamp device 5.

点滅型誘導灯装置５の制御部は入力電圧Ｖを監視しており、入力電圧Ｖが０Ｖになると、そのときの変化の傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）、及び０Ｖになったときまでの傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）が一定の大きさｋ以上かどうかを判定する。０Ｖになったときの傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）がｋ以上であれば、０Ｖになった原因が火災発生と判定して誘導灯を点滅発光させる。また、０Ｖになったときまでの傾き（ｄＶ／ｄｔ）がｋ未満で推移していれば、Ｖになった原因が停電によるものと判定して、消灯を維持する。   The control unit of the flashing guide lamp device 5 monitors the input voltage V, and when the input voltage V becomes 0V, the slope of change at that time (dV / dt) and the slope until it reaches 0V (dV). / Dt) is determined whether it is equal to or greater than a certain size k. If the inclination (dV / dt) at 0 V is greater than or equal to k, it is determined that the cause of 0 V is a fire occurrence, and the guide light flashes and emits light. Further, if the slope (dV / dt) up to when the voltage reaches 0 V is transitioned below k, it is determined that the cause of V is due to a power failure, and the light is turned off.

このような制御で、停電時に誘導灯が点滅発光するのを防止する。   With such control, it is possible to prevent the guide light from flashing and emitting light in the event of a power failure.

１−火災報知器
２−自動火災報知設備
４−誘導灯用信号装置
５−点滅型誘導灯装置 1-Fire alarm 2-Automatic fire alarm equipment 4-Signal light signal device 5-Flashing type guide light device

Claims (1)

外部からの火災検知信号受信時に火災発生や避難誘導を示す移報信号を出力する自動火災報知設備と、
前記自動火災報知設備に接続され、前記移報信号を受信していない時は所定の電圧の点滅停止信号電圧を出力し、前記移報信号の受信時には前記点滅停止信号電圧よりも十分に低い電圧の点滅信号電圧を出力する誘導灯用信号装置と、
前記誘導灯用信号装置に接続され、前記点滅停止信号電圧の受信時には消灯し、前記点滅信号電圧の受信時には点滅発光する点滅装置を含む誘導灯装置と、を備える避難誘導システムにおいて、
前記自動火災報知設備、前記誘導灯用信号装置、前記誘導灯装置は、非常時に商用電源のバックアップを行う蓄電池を備え、
前記誘導灯装置は、受信電圧の変化を検出し、該受信電圧が前記点滅停止信号電圧から前記点滅信号電圧に一気に変化した場合は、火災発生とみなして前記点滅装置を点滅発光させ、該受信電圧が前記点滅停止信号電圧から徐々に低下して前記点滅信号電圧に変化した場合は、停電とみなして前記点滅装置の消灯状態を維持することを特徴とする、避難誘導システム。 An automatic fire alarm system that outputs a warning signal indicating the occurrence of a fire or evacuation guidance when receiving a fire detection signal from the outside,
Connected to the automatic fire alarm facility and outputs a blinking stop signal voltage of a predetermined voltage when the transition signal is not received, and a voltage sufficiently lower than the blinking stop signal voltage when receiving the transition signal A signal device for a guide light that outputs a blinking signal voltage of
In an evacuation guidance system comprising: a guide light device that is connected to the signal device for the guide light, turns off when receiving the blinking stop signal voltage, and includes a blinking device that emits light when the blinking signal voltage is received;
The automatic fire alarm facility, the signal device for the guide light, the guide light device includes a storage battery for backing up a commercial power source in an emergency,
The guide lamp device detects a change in the reception voltage, and when the reception voltage changes from the blinking stop signal voltage to the blinking signal voltage at a stroke, it is considered that a fire has occurred and the blinking device is caused to blink and emit light. When the voltage gradually decreases from the blinking stop signal voltage and changes to the blinking signal voltage, it is regarded as a power failure, and the extinguishing state of the blinking device is maintained.
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