JP2017048322A - Method for extracting essential oil and essential oil product including essential oil - Google Patents

Method for extracting essential oil and essential oil product including essential oil Download PDF

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JP2017048322A
JP2017048322A JP2015173214A JP2015173214A JP2017048322A JP 2017048322 A JP2017048322 A JP 2017048322A JP 2015173214 A JP2015173214 A JP 2015173214A JP 2015173214 A JP2015173214 A JP 2015173214A JP 2017048322 A JP2017048322 A JP 2017048322A
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essential oil
plant
oil extraction
frozen
extraction method
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惠子 森田
Keiko Morita
惠子 森田
佐々木 満
Mitsuru Sasaki
満 佐々木
アルマンド テイビギン キタイン
Tibigin Quitain Armando
アルマンド テイビギン キタイン
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Nerola Aroma & Cosmetics Ltd
Kumamoto University NUC
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Nerola Aroma & Cosmetics Ltd
Kumamoto University NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for extracting an essential oil that can extract an essential oil more excellent in aroma from a plant as compared with the conventional method for extracting an essential oil and to provide an essential oil product containing an essential oil extracted by the method for extracting an essential oil.SOLUTION: The method for extracting an essential oil by extracting an essential oil from a plant includes a plant freezing step of freezing either any one or two or more of a flower, a leaf, a fruit skin and a fruit of the plant to form a frozen plant body and an essential oil extraction treatment step of subjecting the frozen plant body to essential oil extraction treatment. The essential oil extraction treatment step includes a steam distillation step, a solvent extraction step or a microwave extraction step.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、植物の花、葉、果皮等から精油を抽出する精油抽出方法、その精油抽出方法により抽出された精油を含有する精油製品に関する。 The present invention relates to an essential oil extraction method for extracting essential oils from plant flowers, leaves, skins, etc., and an essential oil product containing the essential oils extracted by the essential oil extraction method.

従来、精油(エッセンシャルオイル)は、植物由来の香気成分を含有する抽出液として知られている。例えば、ネロリは、柑橘類の花から抽出される精油して知られており、柑橘系特有のさわやかな芳香を醸しだすとともに、例えば肌のシミ・シワ等の皮膚老化の防止に有効とされている。そのため、ネロリは、化粧料に含有されて活用され、或いはフェイシャルマッサージ用のオイル等として活用されている。 Conventionally, an essential oil (essential oil) is known as an extract containing a plant-derived aromatic component. For example, neroli is known as an essential oil extracted from citrus flowers, and it produces a refreshing fragrance unique to citrus and is effective in preventing skin aging such as skin spots and wrinkles. . Therefore, neroli is used by being contained in cosmetics, or used as oil for facial massage.

このような植物由来の香気成分含有抽出液の製造に関し様々な方法が提案されている。(例えば特許文献1参照)。 Various methods have been proposed for producing such plant-derived aromatic component-containing extracts. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

特開2013―203911号公報JP 2013-203911 A

特許文献1によれば、ミカン科の植物由来の香気成分含有抽出液の生産方法であって、ミカン科の植物に対して破砕、撹拌、加熱及び減圧を並行して行う工程を含む生産方法が開示されている。 According to Patent Document 1, a method for producing a fragrant component-containing extract derived from a citrus plant, the method comprising a step of crushing, stirring, heating and decompressing the citrus plant in parallel. It is disclosed.

しかし、本発明の発明者は、特許文献1に開示された生産方法によっても、抽出液の香気の点で改善の余地があると、考えていた。そこで、本発明の発明者は、香気に優れた精油の抽出方法を模索していたところ、植物の花等を冷凍させた後に精油を抽出すると、抽出された精油の香りが更に良くなることを見出し、本発明に至った。 However, the inventor of the present invention thought that there was room for improvement in terms of the aroma of the extract even by the production method disclosed in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have been searching for a method for extracting essential oils with excellent aroma, and when extracting essential oils after freezing the flowers of plants, the scent of the extracted essential oils is further improved. The headline, the present invention has been reached.

すなわち、本発明の目的は、これまでの精油抽出方法に比べて、さらに香りに優れた精油を、植物から抽出可能な精油抽出方法及びその精油を含有する精油製品を提供することにある。 That is, the objective of this invention is providing the essential oil extraction method containing the essential oil extraction method and the essential oil which can extract the essential oil which was further excellent in fragrance from the plant compared with the conventional essential oil extraction method.

請求項1の発明は、植物から精油を抽出する精油抽出方法において、前記植物の部位を冷凍させた冷凍植物体を形成する植物冷凍工程と、前記冷凍植物体に精油抽出処理を施す精油抽出処理工程とを有し、前記植物の部位は、前記植物の花、葉、果皮及び果実からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の部位を含む、精油抽出方法である。 Invention of Claim 1 is the essential oil extraction method which extracts an essential oil from a plant. The plant freezing process which forms the frozen plant which frozen the site | part of the said plant, The essential oil extraction process which performs an essential oil extraction process to the said frozen plant The plant part is an essential oil extraction method comprising at least one part selected from the group consisting of flowers, leaves, pericarps and fruits of the plant.

請求項2の発明は、請求項1記載の精油抽出方法において、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を溶媒に浸漬させる溶媒抽出工程を含むことを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the essential oil extraction method according to the first aspect, the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a solvent extraction step of immersing the frozen plant body in a solvent.

請求項3の発明は、請求項1記載の精油抽出方法において、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を水蒸気中で蒸留する水蒸気蒸留工程を含むことを特徴とする。 The invention of claim 3 is the essential oil extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a steam distillation step of distilling the frozen plant body in steam.

請求項4の発明は、請求項1記載の精油抽出工程において、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体にマイクロ波を照射するマイクロ波抽出工程を含むことを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the essential oil extraction step according to the first aspect, the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a microwave extraction step of irradiating the frozen plant with microwaves.

請求項5の発明は、請求項2記載の精油抽出方法において、前記溶媒は、植物油及び有機溶剤からなることを特徴とする。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the essential oil extraction method according to the second aspect, the solvent comprises a vegetable oil and an organic solvent.

請求項6の発明は、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の精油抽出方法において、前記植物は、柑橘類からなることを特徴とする。 Invention of Claim 6 is the essential oil extraction method in any one of Claims 1-5, The said plant consists of citrus fruits, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

請求項7の発明は、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の精油抽出方法によって抽出された精油である。 Invention of Claim 7 is the essential oil extracted by the essential oil extraction method in any one of Claims 1-6.

請求項8の発明は、請求項7記載の精油を含む精油製品である。 Invention of Claim 8 is an essential oil product containing the essential oil of Claim 7.

本発明は、植物から精油を抽出する精油抽出方法において、前記植物の部位を冷凍させた冷凍植物体を形成する植物冷凍工程と、前記冷凍植物体に精油抽出処理を施す精油抽出処理工程とを有し、前記植物の部位は、前記植物の花、葉、果皮及び果実からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の部位を含む構成であるから、精油の抽出前に抽出する当該植物の部位を冷凍させておくことにより、これまでの精油抽出方法より、さらに香りに優れた精油を、植物から抽出可能な精油抽出方法を提供できる。 The present invention relates to an essential oil extraction method for extracting essential oil from a plant, a plant freezing step for forming a frozen plant body obtained by freezing the plant part, and an essential oil extraction processing step for subjecting the frozen plant body to an essential oil extraction process. And the plant part is configured to include one or more parts selected from the group consisting of flowers, leaves, pericarps and fruits of the plant, and thus the plant part to be extracted before extraction of essential oil is frozen. By making it let it be, the essential oil extraction method which can extract the essential oil which was further excellent in fragrance from the conventional essential oil extraction method can be provided.

また、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を溶媒に浸漬させる溶媒抽出工程を含む構成であるから、香りに優れた精油を溶媒に含有させた状態で利用できるので、抽出した精油の汎用性が高まる。 In addition, since the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a solvent extraction step in which the frozen plant body is immersed in a solvent, it can be used in a state where the essential oil excellent in fragrance is contained in the solvent. Increases nature.

また、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を水蒸気中で蒸留する水蒸気蒸留工程を含む構成であるから、香りに優れた精油を、簡易な装置で抽出可能となり、精油の製造コストを抑えることができる。 Moreover, since the said essential oil extraction process process is the structure containing the steam distillation process which distills the said frozen plant body in water vapor | steam, it becomes possible to extract the essential oil excellent in fragrance with a simple apparatus, and suppresses the manufacturing cost of essential oil be able to.

また、前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体にマイクロ波を照射するマイクロ波照射工程を含む構成であるから、植物に含まれる水分を局所的に直接加熱することにより、精油の抽出時間を大幅に短縮可能であるとともに、精油の収率を向上させることが可能な精油抽出方法を提供できる。 Moreover, since the said essential oil extraction process process is a structure containing the microwave irradiation process of irradiating the said frozen plant body with a microwave, the extraction time of essential oil can be made by heating the water | moisture content contained in a plant directly directly. It is possible to provide an essential oil extraction method that can be greatly shortened and that can improve the yield of essential oil.

また、前記溶媒は、植物油及び有機溶剤からなる構成であるから、香りに優れるとともに皮膚の老化予防、保湿効果を期待できる皮膚外用剤等への用途が広まる。 Moreover, since the said solvent is a structure which consists of a vegetable oil and an organic solvent, the use to the skin external preparation etc. which can expect skin aging prevention and a moisturizing effect while being excellent in fragrance, spread.

また、前記植物は、柑橘類からなる構成であるから、原材料の調達が容易となり、容易に精油を抽出可能な精油抽出方法を提供できる。 Moreover, since the said plant is a structure which consists of citrus fruits, procurement of a raw material becomes easy and can provide the essential oil extraction method which can extract an essential oil easily.

本発明の実施形態に係る精油抽出方法を説明する工程フロー図である。It is a process flow figure explaining an essential oil extraction method concerning an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第1実施例に係る精油抽出方法を説明する工程フロー図である。It is a process flow figure explaining the essential oil extraction method concerning the 1st example of the present invention. 本発明の第2実施例に係るマイクロ波抽出工程の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the microwave extraction process which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. 本発明の第2実施例に係る精油の分析値を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the analytical value of the essential oil which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態に係る精油抽出方法について説明する。
先ず、図1に示す様に、ステップS1において、植物の部位としての例えば植物の花を冷凍させた冷凍植物体を形成する。冷凍は、公知の冷凍庫等の冷凍手段を用いることができ、摘花した花を例えばー18℃〜―20℃に温調された冷凍庫に搬入して急速に冷凍するとよい。また、植物の部位は、植物の部位は、前記植物の花、葉、果皮及び果実からなる部位群から選ばれる1種以上の部位を含んでも良い。なお、冷凍植物体は、後述する様に、植物の部位を冷凍した後に、破砕してなる冷凍植物片を含んでもよい。
Hereinafter, an essential oil extraction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, in step S1, a frozen plant body in which, for example, a plant flower is frozen as a plant part is formed. For freezing, a freezing means such as a known freezer can be used, and the flower that has been picked is preferably brought into a freezer whose temperature is adjusted to, for example, −18 ° C. to −20 ° C. and rapidly frozen. Further, the plant part may include one or more parts selected from a group of parts consisting of flowers, leaves, pericarps and fruits of the plant. In addition, the frozen plant body may contain the frozen plant piece formed by crushing, after freezing the site | part of a plant so that it may mention later.

次に、図1に示す様に、ステップS2において、上述した冷凍植物体に対して、精油抽出処理を行う。ステップS2の精油抽出処理工程として、例えば水蒸気蒸留工程、溶媒抽出工程、マイクロ波照射工程、或いは、減圧蒸留工程等がある。
水蒸気蒸留工程は、冷凍植物体を例えば蒸留釜に入れ、水蒸気を吹き込むかまたは釜に入っている水を沸騰させた後、水蒸気と共に精油を蒸発させることで回収する工程である。
また、溶媒抽出工程は、例えばエーテルやホホバ油などの溶媒を用いて植物から精油を溶かし出すことで回収する工程であり、後述する。
また、マイクロ波照射工程についても後述する。また、減圧蒸留工程は、減圧下で加熱して精油を蒸発させることで回収する工程である。
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, an essential oil extraction process is performed with respect to the frozen plant mentioned above in step S2. Examples of the essential oil extraction process in step S2 include a steam distillation process, a solvent extraction process, a microwave irradiation process, a vacuum distillation process, and the like.
The steam distillation step is a step of collecting the frozen plant body by, for example, putting the frozen plant into a distillation kettle and blowing the steam or boiling the water in the kettle and then evaporating the essential oil together with the steam.
Moreover, a solvent extraction process is a process collect | recovered by melt | dissolving essential oil from a plant using solvents, such as ether and jojoba oil, for example, and mentions later.
The microwave irradiation process will also be described later. Moreover, a vacuum distillation process is a process collect | recovered by heating under reduced pressure and evaporating essential oil.

以下の実施例において、甘夏ミカンの花を用いた例を説明する。
ここで甘夏ミカンは、学名をCitrus natsudaidai又はCitrus natsudaidai Hayataとされる柑橘類であり、日本ではナツカン(夏柑)或いはナツダイダイ(夏橙)とも呼ばれる。この甘夏ミカンは、地中海地域に多く生育がみられるビターオレンジ(Citrus aurantium)の変種とされ、甘夏ミカンの花は、ビターオレンジの花から抽出される精油(ネロリともいわれる)の成分を豊富に含んでおり、特有の爽やかな芳香を醸しだす。
なお以下の実施例において、甘夏ミカンは、30年近く無農薬(化学農薬を使用していない)で栽培されてきた甘夏ミカンを用いた。
In the following examples, examples using sweet summer mandarin flowers will be described.
Here, the sweet summer mandarin is a citrus fruit whose scientific name is Citrus natsudaidai or Citrus natsudaidai Hayata, and in Japan it is also called natsukan (natsukan) or natsudaidai (summer orange). This sweet summer mandarin is considered to be a variety of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) that grows in the Mediterranean region. The sweet summer mandarin is rich in essential oil (also called neroli) extracted from the bitter orange. Contains a fresh fragrance peculiar to it.
In the following examples, sweet summer mandarin oranges were used that had been cultivated without agricultural chemicals (no chemical pesticides) for nearly 30 years.

次に、甘夏ミカンの花の精油に含まれる成分について説明する。
甘夏ミカンの花から、水蒸気蒸留工程により抽出した精油に含まれる成分として、リナロール、ネロール、ネリルアセテート、ゲラニルアセテート、シトロネラール、2-エチルフラン、α-ピネン、カンフェン、α-テルピネン、D-リモネン、β-ピネン、γ-テルピネン、n-ノナン、ヘキサナール、Δ3-カレン、β-ミルセン、β-フェランドレン、1,8-シネオール、(Z)-β-オシメン、p-シメン、テルピノレン、n-オクタナール、1-ヘキサノール、n-ノナナール、7-テトラデセン、p-イソプロペニルトルエン、1,3,8-p-メンタトリエン、(Z)-リモネンオキサイド、γ-エレメン、δ-エレメン、α-コパエン、n-デカナール、1-オクタノール、リナリルアセテート、α-サンタレン、β-エレメン、β-カリオフィレン、α-カリオフィレン、α-テルピネオール、ゲルマクレンD、β-セリネン、バレンセン、γ-セリネン、γ-ガジュネン、α-ファルネセン、δ-カジネン、γ-カジネン、ペリルアルデヒド、α-ガイエン、ペリルアセテート、p-メンタ-1,8-ジエン-9-オール、ペリルアルコール、β-エレモール、γ-ユーデスモール、δ-カジノール、τ-カジノール、β-ユーデスモール、τ-ムウロロール、スパツレノール、6-セリネン-4-オール、ドデカン酸等が検出された。
Next, the components contained in the essential oil of the sweet summer mandarin flower will be described.
Ingredients contained in essential oils extracted from sweet summer mandarin flowers by steam distillation process, linalool, nerol, neryl acetate, geranyl acetate, citronellal, 2-ethylfuran, α-pinene, camphene, α-terpinene, D-limonene , Β-pinene, γ-terpinene, n-nonane, hexanal, Δ3-carene, β-myrcene, β-ferrandrene, 1,8-cineole, (Z) -β-osymene, p-cymene, terpinolene, n- Octanal, 1-hexanol, n-nonal, 7-tetradecene, p-isopropenyltoluene, 1,3,8-p-mentatriene, (Z) -limonene oxide, γ-elemene, δ-elemene, α-copaene, n-decanal, 1-octanol, linalyl acetate, α-santalen, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, α-tel Pineol, Germacrene D, β-Serinene, Valencene, γ-Serinen, γ-Gajunene, α-Farnesene, δ-Cadinene, γ-Cadinene, Perylaldehyde, α-Gaien, Peryl Acetate, p-Menta-1,8-Diene -9-ol, peryl alcohol, β-elemol, γ-eudesmol, δ-casminal, τ-casminal, β-eudesmol, τ-muurolol, spatulenol, 6-selinen-4-ol, dodecanoic acid, etc. was detected.

これらの成分の中でも、リナロールはラベンダーやベルガモット等の芳香成分としても知られており、抗菌作用、鎮静作用、抗酸化作用を有する。
またネロールは、バラ等に含まれる香気成分としても知られており、皮膚弾力回復作用を有する。
またネリルアセテートは、レモンバームやプチグレンにも含まれる成分としても知られており、鎮静作用、沈痛作用を有する。
またゲラニルアセテートは、バラ等にも含まれる成分として知られており、シトラス系のフルーティな香りがするとともに抗炎症作用を有する。
またシトロネラールは、ユーカリに含まれる成分としても知られており、殺菌作用、沈痛作用を有する。
また2-エチルフランは、ビタミンCの一種であり、抗酸化作用を有する。
またα-ピネンは、松脂やヒノキの香りと同じ成分としても知られており、リラックス効果や食欲増進効果を有する。
またカンフェンは、樟脳(楠精油)の成分としても知られており、防腐効果を有する。
またα-テルピネンは、レモンの香り成分としても知られており、抗酸化作用を有する。
またD-リモネンは、レモン等柑橘系果皮に含まれる成分としても知られており、洗浄力、抗菌作用を有する。
またβ-ピネンは、ローズマリーやレモン等に含まれる香り成分としても知られており、抗菌作用、抗炎症作用等を有する。
またγ-テルピネンは、森林の香り成分としても報告されており、抗菌、抗炎症作用を有する。
Among these components, linalool is also known as an aromatic component such as lavender and bergamot, and has antibacterial action, sedation action, and antioxidant action.
Nerol is also known as an aroma component contained in roses and the like, and has a skin elasticity recovery action.
Neryl acetate is also known as a component contained in lemon balm and petit glen, and has a sedative action and a sore action.
Geranyl acetate is also known as a component contained in roses and the like, and has a citrus fruity scent and an anti-inflammatory effect.
Citronellal is also known as a component contained in Eucalyptus and has a bactericidal action and a sore action.
2-Ethylfuran is a kind of vitamin C and has an antioxidant effect.
Α-Pinene is also known as the same component as the scent of pine resin and cypress, and has a relaxing effect and an appetite enhancing effect.
Camphene is also known as a component of camphor (serum essential oil) and has an antiseptic effect.
Α-Terpinene is also known as a lemon scent component and has an antioxidant effect.
D-limonene is also known as a component contained in citrus peel such as lemon, and has detergency and antibacterial action.
Β-Pinene is also known as a fragrance component contained in rosemary, lemon and the like, and has antibacterial action, anti-inflammatory action and the like.
Γ-Terpinene has also been reported as a scent component of forests and has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.

特に、皮膚弾力回復作用や抗酸化作用を有する成分は、皮膚のたるみ、シワ、シミ等を防止する老化防止効果が期待できる。また、芳香成分、香気成分或いはリラックス効果がある成分は芳香作用が期待できる。また、抗菌作用や防腐効果を有する成分は、皮膚外用剤や化粧品としての品質を長期維持する効果が期待できる。 In particular, a component having a skin elasticity restoring action and an antioxidant action can be expected to have an anti-aging effect for preventing sagging, wrinkles, spots and the like on the skin. In addition, an aromatic component, aroma component or a component having a relaxing effect can be expected to have an aromatic action. Moreover, the component which has an antibacterial action and antiseptic effect can anticipate the effect which maintains the quality as a skin external preparation or cosmetics for a long term.

[実施例1]
次に、実施例1では、上述した冷凍植物体に対し、溶媒抽出工程により精油を抽出した。
本実施例において、溶媒としてホホバ油を用いた。
ここでホホバ油は、砂漠という非常に厳しい自然環境下で生育するホホバ(Simmondsia chinensis)の種子から抽出される液状のオイルである。そのため、ホホバ油は、水分を損失しないようにするホホバ特有の成分を保有しており、この成分には肌の保湿効果をはじめとした人体に対して有益な効果が多く報告されている。
[Example 1]
Next, in Example 1, essential oil was extracted with the solvent extraction process with respect to the frozen plant mentioned above.
In this example, jojoba oil was used as a solvent.
Here, jojoba oil is a liquid oil extracted from the seeds of jojoba (Simoniasia chinensis) that grows in a very harsh natural environment of the desert. For this reason, jojoba oil has jojoba-specific components that prevent moisture loss, and this component has been reported to have many beneficial effects on the human body, including a skin moisturizing effect.

さらにホホバ油は、優れた浸透性を有しており皮膚に対して吸収性が高く油性感も少なくさらっとした感触を与えるため、化粧料用のみならずマッサージ用のトリートメントオイルとしてもよく用いられる。ホホバ油は、上述した様に、肌への優れた浸透性を有しており皮膚に対して吸収性が高く油性感も少なくさらっとした感触を与えるとともに保湿効果を有する。
このようなホホバ油は、化粧品、医薬品用原料として市販されているものを用いることができるが、上述した甘夏ミカンと同様に、無農薬で栽培されたものが望ましい。また本実施形態では無精製のホホバ油を用いたが、無精製のホホバ油に限らず精製されたものでもよい。
In addition, jojoba oil has excellent penetrability and is well used as a treatment oil not only for cosmetics but also for massage because it has a high absorbency and low oiliness to the skin. . As described above, jojoba oil has an excellent permeability to the skin, has a high absorbency to the skin, a little oily feeling, and a moisturizing effect.
As such jojoba oil, those commercially available as raw materials for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals can be used, but those cultivated without agrochemicals are desirable, similar to the above-mentioned sweet summer oranges. In this embodiment, unrefined jojoba oil is used, but not limited to unrefined jojoba oil, it may be refined.

本実施例について、図2を用いて説明する。
まず、甘夏ミカンの花を摘花する。この甘夏ミカンの花は、花弁、がく、おしべ、めしべ、花粉等からなり、5月頃に開花し摘花されて収集される。
次に、図2に示すように、甘夏ミカンの花を冷凍し冷凍植物体を形成する(ステップS10)。
発明者は、当初冷凍しないままで甘夏ミカンの花をホホバ油に浸漬して甘夏ミカンの花の精油を抽出することを試みていたが、抽出量が不十分という問題があった。そして試行錯誤の後、ホホバ油に浸漬する前に冷凍させておくことで十分な抽出が可能となることを見出した。このように、甘夏ミカンの花を一旦冷凍しておくことで、甘夏ミカンの花の細胞膜が冷凍時に破壊されて、細胞中の精油が抽出されやすくなるものと考えられる。冷凍は、公知の冷凍庫等の冷凍手段を用いることができ、摘花した甘夏ミカンの花を例えばー18℃〜―20℃に温調された冷凍庫に搬入して急速に冷凍するとよい。なお、ステップS10は、上述した植物冷凍工程(ステップS1)に相当する。
This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the sweet summer mandarin flowers are picked. This sweet summer mandarin flower consists of petals, gargles, stamens, pistils, pollen, etc., and is blossomed and collected around May.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the sweet summer mandarin flower is frozen and a frozen plant body is formed (step S10).
The inventor tried to extract the essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers by immersing the sweet summer mandarin flowers in jojoba oil without being frozen at first, but there was a problem that the extraction amount was insufficient. And after trial and error, it discovered that sufficient extraction was attained by making it freeze before being immersed in jojoba oil. Thus, it is considered that once the sweet summer mandarin flower is frozen, the cell membrane of the sweet summer mandarin flower is destroyed during freezing, and the essential oil in the cell is easily extracted. For freezing, a known freezing means such as a freezer can be used, and the sweet summer mandarin blossoms are preferably brought into a freezer whose temperature is adjusted to, for example, −18 ° C. to −20 ° C. and rapidly frozen. Step S10 corresponds to the plant freezing step (step S1) described above.

次に、冷凍した甘夏ミカンの花をホホバ油に浸漬する(ステップS12)。
例えば室温中でガラス容器中のホホバ油に、冷凍した甘夏ミカンの花を浸漬して軽く攪拌する。その際、甘夏ミカンの花とホホバ油との重量比(甘夏ミカンの花:ホホバ油)は、例えば略1:2にするとよい。しばらくするとホホバ油の温度が下がり略10℃程度で固化するので、ホホバ油が再び液化するまで放置する。
Next, the frozen sweet summer mandarin flower is immersed in jojoba oil (step S12).
For example, a frozen sweet summer mandarin flower is immersed in jojoba oil in a glass container at room temperature and lightly stirred. At that time, the weight ratio of sweet summer mandarin flowers to jojoba oil (sweet summer mandarin flowers: jojoba oil) is preferably about 1: 2, for example. After a while, the temperature of jojoba oil decreases and solidifies at about 10 ° C., so it is left until jojoba oil liquefies again.

次に、ホホバ油が液化したところで、甘夏ミカンの花の精油を抽出する(ステップS14)。
具体的には、上述のようにホホバ油に甘夏ミカンの花を浸漬した状態でガラス容器ごと、温度調節が可能な恒温槽或いは冷温槽に、所定時間保管する。この保管の間に、ホホバ油中に甘夏ミカンの花の精油が抽出される。
保管の前記所定時間は、少なくとも略48時間が望ましい。略48時間経過後にガラス容器から取出した甘夏ミカンの花からは芳香が消え、ホホバ油の方から芳香がするため、精油の抽出が終了したものと判断できる。このようにして、ホホバ油中に甘夏ミカンの花の精油を抽出できる。
Next, when the jojoba oil is liquefied, the essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers is extracted (step S14).
Specifically, the glass container is stored for a predetermined time in a constant temperature bath or a cold bath where the temperature can be adjusted in a state where sweet summer mandarin flowers are immersed in jojoba oil as described above. During this storage, the sweet summer mandarin flower essential oil is extracted into jojoba oil.
The predetermined time for storage is preferably at least about 48 hours. The fragrance disappears from the sweet summer mandarin flowers taken out from the glass container after about 48 hours, and the fragrance starts from the jojoba oil. Therefore, it can be determined that the extraction of the essential oil has been completed. In this way, the essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers can be extracted into jojoba oil.

次に、ステップS14で得られた精油抽出ホホバ油には甘夏ミカンの花等が残っているため、これらをろ過する(ステップS16)。
具体的には、例えば網目の緩いナイロンニット等で花弁等の大きめの不純物をろ過し、次にろ紙等で花粉等の細かな不純物をろ過するとよい。
Next, since the essential oil-extracted jojoba oil obtained in step S14 contains sweet summer mandarin flowers, these are filtered (step S16).
Specifically, for example, large impurities such as petals may be filtered with nylon knit or the like having a loose mesh, and then fine impurities such as pollen may be filtered with filter paper or the like.

本実施例において、例えばステップS12とステップS14、或いはステップS12〜ステップS16は、溶媒抽出工程を構成する。
本実施例によれば、ホホバ油中に甘夏ミカンの花の精油が抽出された精油抽出ホホバ油を得ることができる。また、この精油抽出ホホバ油は、上述したようにホホバ油が有する保湿効果等に加えて甘夏ミカンの花の精油が有する各種作用(上述)が期待される。
In this embodiment, for example, Step S12 and Step S14, or Step S12 to Step S16 constitute a solvent extraction step.
According to the present Example, the essential oil extraction jojoba oil from which the essential oil of the sweet summer mandarin flower was extracted in jojoba oil can be obtained. In addition to the moisturizing effect and the like of jojoba oil as described above, this essential oil-extracted jojoba oil is expected to have various actions (described above) of the essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers.

そして、本実施例の精油抽出ホホバ油は、例えばスキンケア用オイル或いはアロママッサージ用オイル等として利用できる。
また、本実施例の精油抽出ホホバ油に公知の蜜蝋を配合させた化粧クリームとしてもよい。さらに、本実施形態の精油抽出ホホバ油に他の公知の天然由来の素材を配合することで、乳液、リップクリーム、石鹸等の化粧用皮膚外用剤としてもよい。
And the essential oil extraction jojoba oil of a present Example can be utilized as oil for skin care, aroma massage oil, etc., for example.
Moreover, it is good also as a cosmetic cream which mix | blended well-known beeswax with the essential oil extraction jojoba oil of a present Example. Furthermore, it is good also as cosmetic skin external preparations, such as milky lotion, lip balm, soap, by mix | blending other well-known natural origin raw material with the essential oil extraction jojoba oil of this embodiment.

なお、上述した説明では、甘夏ミカンの花は、花弁、がく、おしべ、めしべ、花粉等を備える一体の花として説明したが、花弁を摘出して冷凍し、上述と同様にして花弁から精油を抽出してもよい。甘夏ミカンの花の精油は、がく、おしべ、めしべ、花粉等と比較して花弁により多く含まれるため、さらに効率よく甘夏ミカンの花の精油を抽出できるとともに、さらに香りがよい精油を得ることができるからである。
また、溶媒はホホバ油に限るものではなく、例えばオリーブ油、アーモンド油、アルコール、酢酸エチル等を用いても良い。
In the above description, the sweet summer mandarin flower has been described as an integral flower comprising petals, gargles, stamens, pistils, pollen, etc., but the petals are extracted and frozen, and the essential oil is extracted from the petals in the same manner as described above. May be extracted. The essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers is more contained in petals compared with gag, stamen, pistil, pollen, etc., so it is possible to extract the essential oil of sweet summer mandarin flowers more efficiently and obtain a more fragrant essential oil Because it can.
Further, the solvent is not limited to jojoba oil, and for example, olive oil, almond oil, alcohol, ethyl acetate or the like may be used.

[実施例2]
次に、実施例2では、冷凍植物体にマイクロ波を照射し、精油の抽出を行った。
図3は、マイクロ波照射装置10により、精油Eを抽出している様子を示している。図3において、符号10は、マイクロ波照射装置、符号12は、マイクロ波発生槽、符号13は、マイクロ波制御部、符号14は、冷凍植物体を収容する収容容器、符号16は、温度計、符号18は、第1凝集管、符号20は、第2凝集管、符号22は、精油を回収する回収容器をそれぞれ示す。また、符号W1は、第1凝集管18用の冷却水であり、符号W2は、第2凝集管20用の冷却水である。
[Example 2]
Next, in Example 2, the frozen plant body was irradiated with microwaves to extract the essential oil.
FIG. 3 shows a state in which the essential oil E is extracted by the microwave irradiation device 10. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a microwave irradiation device, reference numeral 12 denotes a microwave generation tank, reference numeral 13 denotes a microwave control unit, reference numeral 14 denotes a container for storing a frozen plant, and reference numeral 16 denotes a thermometer. Reference numeral 18 denotes a first aggregation tube, reference numeral 20 denotes a second aggregation tube, and reference numeral 22 denotes a collection container for collecting the essential oil. Reference sign W1 is cooling water for the first aggregating pipe 18, and reference sign W2 is cooling water for the second aggregating pipe 20.

先ず、冷凍した甘夏ミカンの花を破砕機(図示しない)で破砕し、冷凍植物片Pとした。次に、冷凍植物片Pは、上述した精油抽出処理工程(ステップS2)としてのマイクロ波照射工程を経る。マイクロ波照射工程では、図3に示す様に、植物冷凍片Pを収容容器14に移し、マイクロ波発生槽12に配置し、マイクロ波制御部13により、マイクロ波の出力や、照射時間等の条件を設定し、マイクロ波を照射する。そうすると、収容容器14内の植物冷凍片Pが過熱され、甘夏ミカンの花の内部水と精油とが蒸発して混合した混合気体F(図3参照)が収容容器14から出てくる。この混合気体Fは、第1凝集管18これに続く第2凝集管20を通過する間に冷却され、分離された精油Eが回収容器22に回収される。 First, frozen sweet summer mandarin flowers were crushed with a crusher (not shown) to obtain frozen plant pieces P. Next, the frozen plant piece P goes through the microwave irradiation process as the essential oil extraction process (step S2) described above. In the microwave irradiation process, as shown in FIG. 3, the plant frozen piece P is transferred to the container 14 and placed in the microwave generation tank 12, and the microwave control unit 13 controls the microwave output, irradiation time, and the like. Set conditions and irradiate with microwaves. If it does so, the plant frozen piece P in the storage container 14 will be overheated, and the mixed gas F (refer FIG. 3) which the internal water and essential oil of the sweet summer mandarin flower evaporated and mixed will come out of the storage container 14. The mixed gas F is cooled while passing through the first flocculation tube 18 and the second flocculation tube 20 that follows the first flocculation tube 18, and the separated essential oil E is recovered in the recovery container 22.

図4に、本実施例で抽出された精油Eの成分分析結果及び、比較例として、植物を冷凍せずにマイクロ波を照射した際の成分分析結果を示す。図4の表の左欄が成分名であり、その横に成分量(wt%)を示す。また、図4において、「Monoterpenes」は、「α―thujene」〜「3−Carenene」までを含む分類名、「Sesquiterpenes」は、「Elemene」〜「α―Selinene」までを含む分類名、「Alcohls」は、「Linalool」〜「Fanesol」までを含む分類名、「Esters」「Neroli oil」〜「Linalyl Propanoate」までを含む分類名をそれぞれ表す。 In FIG. 4, the component analysis result of the essential oil E extracted by the present Example and the component analysis result at the time of irradiating a microwave without freezing a plant are shown as a comparative example. The left column of the table of FIG. 4 is the component name, and the amount of the component (wt%) is shown beside it. In FIG. 4, “Monoterpenes” is a classification name including “α-thugene” to “3-Carenene”, “Sequiterpenes” is a classification name including “Elemene” to “α-Serinene”, “Alcohls” "Represents a classification name including" Linaroll "to" Fanesol ", and a classification name including" Esters "" Nelloli oil "to" Linear Propanoate ".

また、「冷凍花(1年以上)」は、甘夏の花を1年以上冷凍したものを冷凍植物体として抽出したサンプル1を示す。その際マイクロ波の照射条件は、常圧で、500Wのマイクロ波をパルスで略30分間照射した。
次に、「冷凍花(1ヶ月)」は、甘夏の花を1ヶ月冷凍したものを冷凍植物体として抽出したサンプル2を示す。その際マイクロ波の照射条件は、常圧で、200Wのマイクロ波をパルスで略90分間照射した。
次に、「生花」は、冷凍していない甘夏の花を原料として抽出した比較例1を示す。その際マイクロ波の照射条件は、常圧で、200Wのマイクロ波をパルスで略90分間照射した。
“Frozen flowers (1 year or more)” indicates Sample 1 obtained by extracting a frozen summer of a sweet summer flower as a frozen plant body. At that time, microwave irradiation conditions were normal pressure, and 500 W microwave was irradiated with pulses for about 30 minutes.
Next, “Frozen flower (1 month)” indicates Sample 2 obtained by extracting a sweet summer flower frozen for 1 month as a frozen plant. At that time, microwave irradiation conditions were normal pressure, and 200 W microwave was irradiated with a pulse for approximately 90 minutes.
Next, “fresh flowers” indicates Comparative Example 1 in which sweet summer flowers that have not been frozen are extracted as raw materials. At that time, microwave irradiation conditions were normal pressure, and 200 W microwave was irradiated with a pulse for approximately 90 minutes.

図4に示す様に、芳香成分として良く知られるD−Limonene(D−リモネン)の成分量は、サンプル1では34.22wt%、サンプル2では13.13wt%、比較例1では、7.80wt%となっている。すなわち、1年以上の間冷凍された甘夏ミカンの花から抽出された精油には、サンプル2及び比較例1に比べ、D−Limonene(D−リモネン)を多く含有していることがわかる。
また、図4から、サンプル1には、Linalool(リナロール)も多く含まれていることがわかる。
As shown in FIG. 4, the component amount of D-Limonene (D-limonene), which is well known as an aromatic component, is 34.22 wt% in Sample 1, 13.13 wt% in Sample 2, and 7.80 wt in Comparative Example 1. %. That is, it can be seen that the essential oil extracted from the sweet summer mandarin flowers frozen for more than one year contains more D-Limone (D-limonene) than Sample 2 and Comparative Example 1.
In addition, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that Sample 1 contains a large amount of Linalool.

実施例2の精油抽出方法によれば、抽出時間の大幅な短縮や、従来の略2倍程度の精油の収率向上が期待できる。この理由は、冷凍植物体にマイクロ波をパルス的および/または連続的に直接照射することで、花や葉に含まれる水分を局所的に直接加熱することができ、その結果、植物の油胞内の内圧が高まり、油胞膜が破壊されて精油が収率が向上するためと考えられる。また、その際、精油中の貴重な成分を劣化させることなく回収することが出来る。 According to the essential oil extraction method of Example 2, it can be expected that the extraction time will be greatly shortened and the yield of the essential oil will be improved by about twice that of the conventional method. The reason for this is that by directly irradiating a frozen plant body with microwaves in a pulsed and / or continuous manner, the water contained in the flowers and leaves can be directly heated locally. It is thought that the internal pressure increases, the oil membrane is destroyed, and the yield of the essential oil is improved. At that time, valuable components in the essential oil can be recovered without deteriorating.

上述した実施例において、甘夏ミカンの花を例示したが、植物は甘夏ミカンに限るものではなく、例えばレモン、シークワーサ、すだち、グレープフルーツ、ゆず等の柑橘類、ラベンダー、ローズマリー、レモングラス、レモンバーム、セージ、ペパーミント、スペアミント等のハーブ類、バラ等であってもよい。また、植物の部位は、花に限るものではなく、植物の花、葉、果皮及び果実からなる部位群から選ばれる1種以上の部位を含んでもよい。 In the above-described examples, sweet summer mandarin flowers are exemplified, but the plant is not limited to sweet summer mandarin oranges, for example, citrus fruits such as lemon, shiqwasa, sudachi, grapefruit, yuzu, lavender, rosemary, lemongrass, lemon balm Herbs such as sage, peppermint and spearmint, roses and the like may be used. In addition, the plant part is not limited to flowers, and may include one or more parts selected from a part group consisting of plant flowers, leaves, pericarps and fruits.

これまで説明したように、本実施形態によれば、例えば冷凍庫と冷温槽等の簡単な装置を用いることで、これまでの精油抽出方法に比べて、さらに香りに優れた精油を、植物から抽出可能な精油抽出方法及びこの精油抽出方法により抽出された精油を含有する精油製品を提供できる。 As described so far, according to the present embodiment, for example, by using a simple device such as a freezer and a cold / hot bath, the essential oil having a more excellent fragrance is extracted from the plant than the conventional essential oil extraction method. A possible essential oil extraction method and an essential oil product containing the essential oil extracted by this essential oil extraction method can be provided.

以上、本発明の実施形態のうちいくつかを説明したが、これらはあくまでも例示であり、当業者の知識に基づいて種々の変形、改良を施した他の形態で本発明を実施することが可能である。 Although some of the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these are merely examples, and the present invention can be implemented in other forms with various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It is.

Claims (8)

植物から精油を抽出する精油抽出方法において、
前記植物の部位を冷凍させた冷凍植物体を形成する植物冷凍工程と、
前記冷凍植物体に精油抽出処理を施す精油抽出処理工程とを有し、
前記植物の部位は、前記植物の花、葉、果皮及び果実からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の部位を含むことを特徴とする精油抽出方法。
In an essential oil extraction method for extracting essential oil from plants,
A plant freezing step of forming a frozen plant body by freezing the plant part;
An essential oil extraction treatment step for subjecting the frozen plant to an essential oil extraction treatment,
The plant part includes at least one part selected from the group consisting of flowers, leaves, pericarps and fruits of the plant.
前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を溶媒に浸漬させる溶媒抽出工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の精油抽出方法。 The essential oil extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a solvent extraction step of immersing the frozen plant body in a solvent. 前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体を水蒸気中で蒸留する水蒸気蒸留工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の精油抽出方法。 The essential oil extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a steam distillation step of distilling the frozen plant body in steam. 前記精油抽出処理工程は、前記冷凍植物体にマイクロ波を照射するマイクロ波照射工程を含む事を特徴とする請求項1記載の精油抽出方法。 The essential oil extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the essential oil extraction treatment step includes a microwave irradiation step of irradiating the frozen plant with microwaves. 前記溶媒は、植物油及び有機溶剤からなることを特徴とする請求項2記載の精油抽出方法。 The essential oil extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the solvent comprises a vegetable oil and an organic solvent. 前記植物は、柑橘類からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の精油抽出方法。 The said plant consists of citrus fruits, The essential oil extraction method in any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の精油抽出方法によって抽出された精油。 The essential oil extracted by the essential oil extraction method in any one of Claims 1-6. 請求項7記載の精油を含む精油製品。























An essential oil product comprising the essential oil according to claim 7.























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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106947602A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-07-14 福建鑫绿林产品开发有限公司 The high yield pulp1 production method and production line of a kind of fir essential oil
KR101848474B1 (en) * 2017-08-09 2018-04-12 정병곤 Nature-derived cosmetic composition for relieving itching of atopic skin and the method for preparing the same
CN109730163A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-05-10 河南职业技术学院 A kind of foodstuff flavouring essential oil composition and preparation method thereof
CN110144262A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-20 许秀梅 Three drip clever lemon
CN111534379A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-08-14 涟源康麓生物科技有限公司 Method and equipment for extracting essential oil from citrus aurantium flowers, leaves and fruits
KR102335679B1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-12-06 호서대학교 산학협력단 Composition for enhancing skin cell regeneration or wound healing containing absolute of Salix koreensis ANDERSS. flower
CN114958483A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-30 四川农业大学 Quality-improving and efficiency-increasing method for Photinia sericea essential oil and compound essential oil containing Photinia sericea essential oil
CN114958487A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 银谷芳香科技有限公司 Industrial extraction process method of Roman chamomile oil

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106947602A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-07-14 福建鑫绿林产品开发有限公司 The high yield pulp1 production method and production line of a kind of fir essential oil
KR101848474B1 (en) * 2017-08-09 2018-04-12 정병곤 Nature-derived cosmetic composition for relieving itching of atopic skin and the method for preparing the same
CN109730163A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-05-10 河南职业技术学院 A kind of foodstuff flavouring essential oil composition and preparation method thereof
CN110144262A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-20 许秀梅 Three drip clever lemon
CN111534379A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-08-14 涟源康麓生物科技有限公司 Method and equipment for extracting essential oil from citrus aurantium flowers, leaves and fruits
KR102335679B1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-12-06 호서대학교 산학협력단 Composition for enhancing skin cell regeneration or wound healing containing absolute of Salix koreensis ANDERSS. flower
CN114958483A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-30 四川农业大学 Quality-improving and efficiency-increasing method for Photinia sericea essential oil and compound essential oil containing Photinia sericea essential oil
CN114958487A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 银谷芳香科技有限公司 Industrial extraction process method of Roman chamomile oil
CN114958487B (en) * 2022-06-15 2024-03-22 银谷芳香科技有限公司 Industrial extraction process method of Roman chamomile oil

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