JP2016140837A - Exhaust gas treatment equipment and exhaust gas treatment method - Google Patents

Exhaust gas treatment equipment and exhaust gas treatment method Download PDF

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JP2016140837A
JP2016140837A JP2015019373A JP2015019373A JP2016140837A JP 2016140837 A JP2016140837 A JP 2016140837A JP 2015019373 A JP2015019373 A JP 2015019373A JP 2015019373 A JP2015019373 A JP 2015019373A JP 2016140837 A JP2016140837 A JP 2016140837A
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caustic soda
exhaust gas
reaction
alkali agent
supply device
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JP6418495B2 (en
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平山　敦
Atsushi Hirayama
敦 平山
洋平 冨田
Yohei Tomita
洋平 冨田
厚志 長尾
Atsushi Nagao
厚志 長尾
広時 別府
Koji Beppu
広時 別府
公紀 服部
Masaki Hattori
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide exhaust gas treatment equipment and an exhaust gas treatment method for increasing an exhaust gas waste heat recovery.SOLUTION: The exhaust gas treatment equipment comprises: an economizer 4; a reaction part 5; a dust collector 6; a caustic soda supply device 8 for supplying a caustic soda aqueous solution to the reaction part; and powder alkali agent supply device 9 for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector, which are all sequentially arranged toward downstream side in an exhaust gas flue 3 for guiding the exhaust gas from a boiler 1A of a combustion furnace 1. The economizer 4 receives the exhaust gas from the boiler to recover the heat, and drops the exhaust gas temperature to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and a sour gas. The reaction part 5 receives the caustic soda aqueous solution from the sodium hydroxide supply device and neutralizes at least a portion of the sour gas. The powder alkali agent supply device 9 neutralizes the remainder of the sour gas by supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction part 5 and the dust collector 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、都市ごみ焼却施設、産業廃棄物焼却施設等における廃棄物焼却工程に伴って排出される排ガス中に含まれる塩化水素、二酸化硫黄を含む酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置及び排ガス処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acid gas containing hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide contained in exhaust gas discharged from a waste incineration process in a municipal waste incineration facility, an industrial waste incineration facility, etc. About.

都市ごみや産業廃棄物を焼却処理する際に生ずる排ガスには塩化水素や二酸化硫黄を含む酸性ガスが含まれている。これらの酸性ガスを除去し大気放出する際の排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度を規制値以下とするように排ガス処理が行われている。   The exhaust gas generated when incinerating municipal waste and industrial waste contains acid gas containing hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide. Exhaust gas treatment is performed so that the acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas when these acid gases are removed and released into the atmosphere is below the regulation value.

ごみ焼却施設等において用いられている排ガス処理方法としては、特許文献１（図４、段落［０００３］〜［０００４］）に記載の方法が知られている。該特許文献１の排ガス処理方法では、まず、溶融炉、後燃焼室を経た排ガスをガス冷却塔に導き、このガス冷却塔で冷却水として苛性ソーダ水溶液を排ガスに噴霧してこの苛性ソーダ水溶液で、排ガスを所定温度にまで減温するとともに排ガス中の酸性ガス（ＨＣｌ，ＳＯｘ）を中和し、しかる後に排ガスをバグフィルタに導いている。該バグフィルタ入口側煙道では排ガス中に粉末アルカリ剤である消石灰を供給して、排ガス中の残存する酸性ガス成分を粉末アルカリ剤との反応により除去する。この反応により生成した反応生成物（ＣａＣｌ２，ＣａＳＯ４）を煤塵とともにバグフィルタにより捕集して排ガスから除去している。 As an exhaust gas treatment method used in a garbage incineration facility or the like, a method described in Patent Document 1 (FIG. 4, paragraphs [0003] to [0004]) is known. In the exhaust gas treatment method of Patent Document 1, first, exhaust gas that has passed through a melting furnace and a post-combustion chamber is guided to a gas cooling tower, and in this gas cooling tower, a caustic soda aqueous solution is sprayed on the exhaust gas as cooling water. Is reduced to a predetermined temperature and acid gases (HCl, SOx) in the exhaust gas are neutralized, and then the exhaust gas is led to the bag filter. In the bag filter inlet side flue, slaked lime, which is a powder alkali agent, is supplied into the exhaust gas, and the remaining acidic gas component in the exhaust gas is removed by reaction with the powder alkali agent. Reaction products (CaCl 2 , CaSO 4 ) generated by this reaction are collected together with soot dust by a bag filter and removed from the exhaust gas.

また、ガス冷却塔で苛性ソーダ水溶液と減温水を噴霧して排ガスを冷却するとともに排ガス中の酸性ガスを中和し、バグフィルタ入口側煙道で排ガス中に粉末アルカリ剤を供給して残存する酸性ガスを粉末アルカリ剤との反応により除去することも行われている。   In addition, the exhaust gas is cooled by spraying caustic soda aqueous solution and dewarmed water in the gas cooling tower, and the acid gas in the exhaust gas is neutralized, and the remaining alkaline acid is supplied by supplying the powder alkaline agent in the exhaust gas through the flue on the bag filter inlet side. Gas is also removed by reaction with a powdered alkaline agent.

特開２００１−３２７８３３JP 2001-327833 A

特許文献１等に掲げられた従来技術によると、廃棄物焼却炉等から排出される排ガスを、ガス冷却塔で苛性ソーダ水溶液又は苛性ソーダ水溶液と減温水を噴霧して冷却するとともに酸性ガスを中和している。また、廃棄物焼却施設では焼却炉に併設したボイラで蒸気を発生させ発電する設備を設けることが行われている。   According to the prior art listed in Patent Document 1 and the like, exhaust gas discharged from a waste incinerator or the like is cooled by spraying a caustic soda aqueous solution or a caustic soda aqueous solution and dewarmed water in a gas cooling tower and neutralizing acid gas. ing. In addition, waste incineration facilities are provided with facilities for generating steam by generating steam with a boiler attached to the incinerator.

このような状況のもとで、廃棄物焼却施設では焼却炉から排出される排ガスの廃熱回収量をさらに増加させ、発生させた蒸気による発電量を増大させることが求められている。   Under such circumstances, waste incineration facilities are required to further increase the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and increase the amount of power generated by the generated steam.

本発明は、かかる要請に応えるべくなされたものであって、廃棄物焼却炉からの排ガス中の酸性ガス成分を確実に除去し排出規制値以下に抑制するとともに、排ガスの廃熱回収量を増加させることができる排ガス処理装置及び排ガス処理方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in response to such a demand, and reliably removes acidic gas components in exhaust gas from a waste incinerator and suppresses it below the emission regulation value, and increases the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas treatment method that can be performed.

本発明によると、上述の課題は、排ガス処理装置に関しては、次の第一ないし第四発明により、排ガス処理方法に関しては、第五ないし第八発明により解決される。   According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved by the following first to fourth inventions for the exhaust gas treatment apparatus, and by the fifth to eighth inventions for the exhaust gas treatment method.

＜排ガス処理装置＞
（１）第一発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和することを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 <Exhaust gas treatment equipment>
(1) 1st invention In the exhaust gas processing apparatus which removes the acidic gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged | emitted from the incinerator provided with the boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device that supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
The economizer receives and recovers heat from the exhaust gas from the boiler and lowers the exhaust gas temperature to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and acid gas,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector, and neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas.

（２）第二発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御する、
ことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 (2) Second invention In an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A control device including a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent from the powder alkaline agent supply device;
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector,
The economizer receives and recovers heat from the exhaust gas from the boiler and lowers the exhaust gas temperature to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and acid gas,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
The caustic soda supply control unit controls the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter,
Based on the measured value from the upstream acidic gas concentration meter and the measured value from the downstream acidic gas concentration meter, the powder alkaline agent supply control unit determines the amount of powder alkaline agent supply from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value. Control to led quantity,
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized by that.

（３）第三発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け反応部へ噴霧粒を供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御する、
ことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 (3) Third invention In an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives the aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and supplies spray particles to the reaction section;
A control device having a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spray device;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler, recovers heat, lowers the exhaust gas temperature,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
The caustic soda supply control unit is arranged in the caustic soda supply device so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. Control the supply amount of caustic soda solution and the concentration of caustic soda solution,
The caustic soda spray controller controls the caustic soda spray so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction part based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply controller and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured by the thermometer. Control the spraying conditions of the device,
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized by that.

（４）第四発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け反応部へ噴霧粒を供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する苛性ソーダ供給量算出部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた第一制御装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ噴霧装置へ供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた第二制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
第一制御装置は、苛性ソーダ供給量算出部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に算出し、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め求めた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
第二制御装置は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部が、第一制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部により算出された供給量で苛性ソーダを供給し、かつ、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と排ガスの酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部が、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように噴霧条件を制御する、
ことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 (4) Fourth invention In an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives the aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and supplies spray particles to the reaction section;
A first control device including a caustic soda supply amount calculation unit for calculating the supply amount of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a powder alkali agent supply control unit for controlling a powder alkali agent supply amount from the powder alkali agent supply device;
A second control device comprising a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device to the caustic soda spraying device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling the spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spraying device; ,
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler, recovers heat, lowers the exhaust gas temperature,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
In the first control device, the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit calculates the caustic soda supply amount to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter, Based on the measured value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measured value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the agent supply control unit derives the powder alkali agent supply amount from the relationship obtained in advance corresponding to the measured value. Control to quantity,
In the second control device, the caustic soda supply control unit supplies caustic soda at the supply amount calculated by the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit of the first control device, and reacts based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. To control the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas of the exhaust gas, the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device are controlled,
Spray conditions so that the caustic soda spray control section evaporates in the reaction section based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control section, and the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured with a thermometer. To control the
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized by that.

上述の第一発明ないし第四発明において、反応部は反応塔とすることも、あるいは、煙道を部分的に拡径した拡管部として形成することもできる。   In the first to fourth inventions described above, the reaction section can be a reaction tower, or can be formed as an expanded pipe section in which the flue is partially expanded.

＜排ガス処理方法＞
（５）第五発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 <Exhaust gas treatment method>
(5) Fifth Invention In the exhaust gas treatment method for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device that supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
With an economizer, the exhaust gas from the boiler is received and heat recovered, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas,
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
An exhaust gas treatment method comprising: supplying a powder alkali agent to exhaust gas between a reaction part and a dust collector and neutralizing the remainder of the acid gas in a powder alkali agent supply apparatus.

（６）第六発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 (6) Sixth Invention In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A control device including a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent from the powder alkaline agent supply device;
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector,
With an economizer, the exhaust gas from the boiler is received and heat recovered, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas,
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the caustic soda supply control unit, based on the measured value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter, the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value,
The powder alkaline agent supply control unit is based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, and the relationship between the supply amount of the powder alkali agent corresponding to the measurement value is predetermined. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling to an amount derived from the exhaust gas.

（７）第七発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 (7) Seventh Invention In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A control device having a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spray device;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature.
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the caustic soda supply control unit, based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer, in the caustic soda supply device so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the alkaline powder and acid gas. Control the supply amount of caustic soda solution and the concentration of caustic soda solution,
The caustic soda spray controller controls the caustic soda spray so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction unit based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply controller and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured by the thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling spray conditions of the apparatus.

（８）第八発明
ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する苛性ソーダ供給量算出部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた第一制御装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ噴霧装置へ供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた第二制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
第一制御装置で、苛性ソーダ供給量算出部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ供給量を、該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に算出し、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め求められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
第二制御装置で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部が、第一制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部により算出された供給量で苛性ソーダを供給し、かつ、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と排ガスの酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 (8) Eighth Invention In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acidic gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A first control device including a caustic soda supply amount calculation unit for calculating the supply amount of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a powder alkali agent supply control unit for controlling a powder alkali agent supply amount from the powder alkali agent supply device;
A second control device comprising a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device to the caustic soda spraying device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling the spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spraying device; ,
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature.
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the first control device, the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit derives the caustic soda supply amount in the caustic soda supply device from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply control unit previously calculates the powder alkali agent supply amount corresponding to the measurement value. Control to the amount derived from the desired relationship,
In the second control device, the caustic soda supply control unit supplies caustic soda at the supply amount calculated by the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit of the first control device, and reacts based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. To control the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas of the exhaust gas, the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device are controlled,
Spray conditions in the caustic soda spray control section so that spray particles evaporate in the reaction section based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control section, and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured with a thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling the exhaust gas.

以上の第一ないし第八発明においては、焼却炉で発生した排ガスはボイラで熱回収された後にも保有する熱がエコノマイザでさらに熱回収される。エコノマイザでの熱回収により、焼却炉から排出される排ガスの廃熱回収量をさらに増加させ、発生させる蒸気による発電量を増大させることができる。また、従来のような冷却水の噴霧を要しないため、冷却水の供給装置が不要になる。エコノマイザでの熱回収により、排ガス温度は粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下しており、しかる後に排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給されて、酸性ガスと粉末アルカリ剤との反応生成物が生成され、これが集塵装置でダストとともに捕集除去され、排ガス中の酸性ガスが除去される。   In the first to eighth inventions described above, the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator is further heat recovered by the economizer even after the heat recovery by the boiler. By recovering heat with the economizer, the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator can be further increased, and the amount of power generated by the generated steam can be increased. Further, since the conventional spraying of cooling water is not required, a cooling water supply device is not required. As a result of heat recovery by the economizer, the exhaust gas temperature has fallen to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas. After that, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas, and the acid gas and the powder alkali agent are mixed. A reaction product is generated, and this is collected and removed together with dust by the dust collector, so that the acid gas in the exhaust gas is removed.

第二発明及び第六発明においては、エコノマイザでの熱回収後における排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度が上流側酸性ガス濃度計により測定されており、この測定値にもとづき、苛性ソーダ水溶液が、酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御されて反応部へ供給され、酸性ガスの少なくとも一部が中和される。   In the second invention and the sixth invention, the concentration of acid gas in the exhaust gas after heat recovery with an economizer is measured by an upstream acid gas concentration meter, and based on this measurement value, the aqueous caustic soda solution has an acid gas concentration. It is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value, and is supplied to the reaction section, so that at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.

排ガスに苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給し酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和した後には、排ガス中に酸性ガスが残存している。上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量が該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御されて、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給され、残存する酸性ガスが中和される。残存する酸性ガスは、粉末アルカリ剤との反応生成物を生じ、これが集塵装置で捕集され除去される。   After supplying the caustic soda aqueous solution to the exhaust gas and neutralizing at least a part of the acid gas, the acid gas remains in the exhaust gas. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply amount is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value, A powder alkaline agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector, and the remaining acidic gas is neutralized. The remaining acidic gas produces a reaction product with the powdered alkaline agent, which is collected and removed by a dust collector.

このように、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御による苛性ソーダ供給量の制御と、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御と下流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードバック制御との併用による粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御により、排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の変動に対して速やかにかつ安定して酸性ガスを除去することができ、さらに、苛性ソーダと粉末アルカリ剤を過剰に使用することを防ぎ低コストで酸性ガスを除去することができる。   In this way, control of the caustic soda supply amount by feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, and feedback control based on the downstream acid gas concentration measurement value By controlling the supply amount of the powder alkali agent in combination, the acid gas can be removed quickly and stably against fluctuations in the acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas, and the caustic soda and powder alkali agent should be used in excess. The acid gas can be removed at low cost.

次に、第三及び第七発明においては、エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させる。エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計を有して排ガスの温度を測定する。苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、温度計により測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度の制御が行われる。温度計により測定された排ガス温度測定値が所定範囲より高くなる場合には、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を増加するとともに苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を減少して、供給する苛性ソーダ量を酸性ガスの中和のために定められた量に維持しながら苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を増加して、苛性ソーダ水溶液の蒸発による抜熱量を増加して排ガス温度を低下させる。   Next, in the third and seventh inventions, the economizer receives exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature. The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector The temperature of exhaust gas is measured by having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometers to be measured. In the caustic soda supply control unit, based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer, in the caustic soda supply device so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas. Control of the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and the concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution is performed. If the measured exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer is higher than the specified range, increase the amount of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution supplied and decrease the concentration of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to reduce the amount of sodium hydroxide supplied for neutralization of acid gas. While maintaining a predetermined amount, the supply amount of the aqueous caustic soda solution is increased, the amount of heat removed by evaporation of the aqueous caustic soda solution is increased, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered.

苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を変えると苛性ソーダ水溶液の沸点が変わるため、苛性ソーダ噴霧装置により噴霧した苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒の蒸発状況が変わる。そのため、苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で十分に蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御する。   When the concentration of the aqueous caustic soda solution is changed, the boiling point of the aqueous caustic soda solution is changed, so that the evaporation state of the spray particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution sprayed by the caustic soda spraying device is changed. Therefore, the caustic soda spray control unit is configured so that the spray particles are sufficiently evaporated in the reaction unit based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control unit and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer. Control spraying conditions for caustic soda spraying equipment.

これにより、酸性ガスの中和に必要な苛性ソーダが反応部へ供給されると共に、排ガスの温度が変動しても、反応部出口での排ガス温度が粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に制御され、さらに、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発して、噴霧粒残留による下記のような問題が生じない。   As a result, the caustic soda necessary for neutralizing the acid gas is supplied to the reaction section, and even if the temperature of the exhaust gas fluctuates, the exhaust gas temperature at the reaction section outlet is suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas. In addition, the sprayed particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution are completely evaporated, and the following problems due to residual spray particles do not occur.

反応部への苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧の際、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒が蒸発せず液滴粒のまま残留すると、集塵装置でダスト（飛灰）に付着し、ダストを凝集させ塊状としてダストの排出や搬送に支障が生じる。第三、四そして第七、八発明において、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発するため、噴霧粒残留によるこのような問題が生じない。また、苛性ソーダ噴霧装置が二流体ノズル方式で苛性ソーダ水溶液を圧縮空気により微粒化して噴霧するものである場合には、噴霧条件として圧縮空気量を調整し、噴霧粒の蒸発を促進するように噴霧粒の粒径分布を制御することが好ましい。   When spraying caustic soda aqueous solution to the reaction section, if the spray particles of caustic soda aqueous solution do not evaporate and remain as droplets, they adhere to the dust (fly ash) by the dust collector and aggregate the dust to form a lump. There is a problem in transportation. In the third, fourth and seventh and eighth inventions, the caustic soda aqueous solution spray particles completely evaporate, so that such a problem due to residual spray particles does not occur. In addition, when the caustic soda spraying device is a two-fluid nozzle system that atomizes and sprays an aqueous solution of caustic soda with compressed air, the amount of compressed air is adjusted as a spraying condition so as to promote the evaporation of the sprayed particles. It is preferable to control the particle size distribution.

次に、第四及び第八発明においては、第一制御装置で苛性ソーダ供給量の算出と、粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御が行われ、第二制御装置で苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量及び濃度と、苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧条件が制御される。まず、エコノマイザでの熱回収後における排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度が上流側酸性ガス濃度計により測定される。エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させる。エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計を有して排ガスの温度を測定する。   Next, in the fourth and eighth inventions, the first control device calculates the caustic soda supply amount and the powder alkaline agent supply amount, and the second control device controls the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and concentration, and the caustic soda aqueous solution. The spraying conditions are controlled. First, the concentration of acid gas in the exhaust gas after heat recovery by the economizer is measured by an upstream acid gas concentration meter. The economizer receives exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature. The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector The temperature of exhaust gas is measured by having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometers to be measured.

第一制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部で、苛性ソーダ供給量が上流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値にもとづき、酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれて算出され、苛性ソーダ供給量算出値が第二制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給制御部へ伝送される。   The caustic soda supply amount calculation unit of the first control unit calculates the caustic soda supply amount based on the measured value of the upstream acid gas concentration meter and derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the acid gas concentration measurement value. The calculated amount is transmitted to the caustic soda supply control unit of the second control device.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部では、酸性ガスの中和に必要な量として算出した苛性ソーダ供給量算出値の量で苛性ソーダを供給するとともに、温度計により測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、排ガスに対して苛性ソーダ水溶液を噴霧して排ガスを冷却させるために苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度の制御が行われる。   The caustic soda supply control unit supplies caustic soda in the amount of the calculated value of the caustic soda supply calculated as the amount necessary for neutralization of the acid gas, and at the outlet of the reaction unit based on the measured exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer. In order to cool the exhaust gas by spraying the caustic soda aqueous solution on the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas temperature is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the alkaline powder and the acid gas, the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution and the caustic soda aqueous solution Concentration control is performed.

苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度とに基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒が反応部内で十分に蒸発するように噴霧条件を制御する。   The caustic soda spray control unit ensures that the caustic soda spray particles sufficiently evaporate in the reaction unit based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount determined by the caustic soda supply control unit, the concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution, and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer. Control spraying conditions.

さらに、排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度が下流側酸性ガス濃度計により測定される。排ガスに苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給し酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和した後には、排ガス中に酸性ガスが残存している。上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量が該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御されて、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給され、残存する酸性ガスが中和される。残存する酸性ガスは、粉末アルカリ剤との反応生成物を生じ、これが集塵装置で捕集され除去される。   Furthermore, the concentration of acidic gas in the exhaust gas is measured by a downstream acidic gas concentration meter. After supplying the caustic soda aqueous solution to the exhaust gas and neutralizing at least a part of the acid gas, the acid gas remains in the exhaust gas. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply amount is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value, A powder alkaline agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector, and the remaining acidic gas is neutralized. The remaining acidic gas produces a reaction product with the powdered alkaline agent, which is collected and removed by a dust collector.

これにより、酸性ガスの中和に必要かつ十分な苛性ソーダと粉末アルカリ剤が供給されると共に、排ガスの温度が変動しても、反応部出口での排ガス温度が粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に制御され、さらに、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発して、噴霧粒残留による問題が生じない。   As a result, the caustic soda and the powder alkali agent necessary and sufficient for neutralizing the acid gas are supplied, and even if the temperature of the exhaust gas fluctuates, the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction section reacts with the powder alkali agent and the acid gas. In addition, the sprayed particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution completely evaporate, and there is no problem due to residual spray particles.

上記第一ないし第八発明において、反応部は反応塔であっても、煙道を部分的に拡径した拡管部として形成してもよい。拡管部では、排ガスの流速が一時的に遅くなるので苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧粒が確実に排ガス中に拡散される。拡管部を設けることにより、反応塔が不要となるので、それだけ装置が簡単化される。   In the first to eighth inventions, the reaction section may be a reaction tower or may be formed as an expanded pipe section in which the flue is partially expanded. In the expansion section, the flow rate of the exhaust gas temporarily decreases, so that the spray particles of the caustic soda aqueous solution are reliably diffused into the exhaust gas. By providing the expanded portion, a reaction tower is not required, and the apparatus is simplified accordingly.

以上のように、本発明の第一ないし第八発明によると、焼却炉で発生した排ガスはボイラで熱回収された後にも保有する熱がエコノマイザでさらに熱回収される。エコノマイザでの熱回収により、焼却炉から排出される排ガスの廃熱回収量をさらに増加させ、発生させる蒸気による発電量を増大させることができる。また、従来のような冷却水の噴霧を要しないため、冷却水の供給装置が不要になる。   As described above, according to the first to eighth inventions of the present invention, the retained heat of the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator is further recovered by the economizer after being recovered by the boiler. By recovering heat with the economizer, the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator can be further increased, and the amount of power generated by the generated steam can be increased. Further, since the conventional spraying of cooling water is not required, a cooling water supply device is not required.

第二発明及び第六発明においては、上流側酸性ガス濃度計によるエコノマイザでの熱回収後における排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度の測定値にもとづき、苛性ソーダ水溶液が酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御されて反応部へ供給され酸性ガスの少なくとも一部が中和され、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と集塵装置より下流側に備えた下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量が該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御されて、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給され、残存する酸性ガスが中和される。このように、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御による苛性ソーダ供給量の制御と、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御と下流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードバック制御との併用による粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御により、排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の変動に対して速やかにかつ安定してさらに低コストで酸性ガスを除去することができる。   In the second invention and the sixth invention, based on the measured value of the concentration of acid gas in the exhaust gas after heat recovery by the economizer by the upstream acid gas concentration meter, the aqueous caustic soda solution corresponds to the measured value of acid gas concentration in advance. Controlled to an amount derived from the defined relationship, supplied to the reaction section and neutralized at least a part of the acid gas, the measured value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the downstream side provided downstream from the dust collector Based on the measured value from the acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply amount is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value, and the powder is discharged into the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector. Alkaline agent is supplied, and the remaining acidic gas is neutralized. In this way, control of the caustic soda supply amount by feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, and feedback control based on the downstream acid gas concentration measurement value By controlling the supply amount of the powder alkali agent in combination, the acidic gas can be removed quickly and stably with respect to the fluctuation of the acidic gas concentration in the exhaust gas at a lower cost.

次に、第三発明及び第七発明においては、苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度の制御が行われる。さらに、苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御する。これにより、酸性ガスの中和に必要な苛性ソーダが反応部へ供給されると共に、排ガスの温度が変動しても、反応部出口での排ガス温度が粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に制御され、さらに、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発して、噴霧粒残留による問題が生じない。   Next, in the third and seventh inventions, the caustic soda supply control unit sets the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas based on the measured exhaust gas temperature. Thus, the control of the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device is performed. Further, in the caustic soda spray control unit, based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control unit, and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer, the caustic soda spray so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction unit. Control the spraying conditions of the device. As a result, the caustic soda necessary for neutralizing the acid gas is supplied to the reaction section, and even if the temperature of the exhaust gas fluctuates, the exhaust gas temperature at the reaction section outlet is suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas. The temperature range is controlled, and the spray particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution completely evaporate, and there is no problem due to residual spray particles.

さらに、第四発明及び第八発明においては、第一制御装置で苛性ソーダ供給量の算出と、粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御が行われ、第二制御装置で苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量及び濃度と、苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧条件が制御される。   Furthermore, in the fourth and eighth inventions, the first control device calculates the caustic soda supply amount and the powder alkaline agent supply amount, and the second control device controls the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and concentration, and the caustic soda aqueous solution. The spraying conditions are controlled.

苛性ソーダ供給量算出部で、苛性ソーダ供給量が上流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値にもとづき、酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれて算出され、苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給量算出値の量で苛性ソーダを供給するとともに、温度計により測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度の制御が行われる。   In the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit, the caustic soda supply amount is calculated based on the measurement value of the upstream acid gas concentration meter, derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the acid gas concentration measurement value, and in the caustic soda supply control unit, Caustic soda is supplied in the amount calculated by the amount of caustic soda supplied, and the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction section is adjusted to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and acid gas based on the measured exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer. As described above, the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device are controlled.

苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように噴霧条件の制御が行われる。   The caustic soda spray control unit controls the spraying conditions so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction unit based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control unit and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the thermometer. Is done.

排ガスに苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給し酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和した後には、排ガス中に酸性ガスが残存している。上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量が該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御されて、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給され、残存する酸性ガスが中和される。残存する酸性ガスは、粉末アルカリ剤との反応生成物を生じ、これが集塵装置で捕集され除去される。   After supplying the caustic soda aqueous solution to the exhaust gas and neutralizing at least a part of the acid gas, the acid gas remains in the exhaust gas. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the supply amount of the powder alkali agent is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value. The powder alkaline agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector, and the remaining acidic gas is neutralized. The remaining acidic gas produces a reaction product with the powdered alkaline agent, which is collected and removed by a dust collector.

これにより、酸性ガスの中和に必要かつ十分な苛性ソーダと粉末アルカリ剤が供給されると共に、排ガスの温度が変動しても、反応部出口での排ガス温度が粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に制御され、さらに、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発して、噴霧粒残留による問題が生じない。   As a result, the caustic soda and the powder alkali agent necessary and sufficient for neutralizing the acid gas are supplied, and even if the temperature of the exhaust gas fluctuates, the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction section reacts with the powder alkali agent and the acid gas. In addition, the sprayed particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution completely evaporate, and there is no problem due to residual spray particles.

本発明の第一実施形態装置の概要構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the apparatus of 1st embodiment of this invention. 第一実施形態の変形例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the modification of 1st embodiment. 本発明の第二実施形態装置の概要構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of 2nd embodiment apparatus of this invention. 本発明の第三実施形態装置の概要構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of 3rd embodiment apparatus of this invention.

以下、添付図面にもとづき、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

＜第一実施形態＞
図１は、本発明の第一実施形態装置の概要構成を示すブロック図であり、図中、排ガスそしてアルカリ剤（苛性ソーダ、粉末アルカリ剤）の流れを実線で、そして、電気信号の流れを破線で示してある。粉末アルカリ剤としては、消石灰又は重曹の粉末を用いる。 <First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which the flow of exhaust gas and alkaline agent (caustic soda, powdered alkaline agent) is shown by a solid line, and the flow of an electric signal is shown by a broken line. It is shown by. As the powder alkaline agent, slaked lime or baking soda powder is used.

図１に示される本実施形態装置は、ボイラ１Ａを備えた焼却炉１と煙突２とを結ぶ排ガス煙道３に、排ガスの流れ方向で下流に向け順に、エコノマイザ４、反応塔５そして集塵装置６を有している。   The apparatus of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes an economizer 4, a reaction tower 5, and dust collection in an exhaust gas flue 3 linking an incinerator 1 equipped with a boiler 1 </ b> A and a chimney 2 in order of the exhaust gas flow direction downstream. A device 6 is included.

上記反応塔５には、該反応塔５へ苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置８が接続されており、また、上記反応塔５と集塵装置６との間で排ガス煙道３へ粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９が該排ガス煙道３に接続されている。   Connected to the reaction tower 5 is a caustic soda supply device 8 for supplying an aqueous solution of caustic soda to the reaction tower 5, and a powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas flue 3 between the reaction tower 5 and the dust collector 6. Is connected to the exhaust gas flue 3.

本実施形態では、上記苛性ソーダ供給装置８からの苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａと粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９からの粉末アルカリ剤の供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂとを備えた制御装置１０が設けられている。   In the present embodiment, a caustic soda supply control unit 10A that controls the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device 8 and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit 10B that controls the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent from the powder alkaline agent supply device 9 are used. The control apparatus 10 provided with these is provided.

本実施形態では、排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度を測定する濃度計が二箇所に配設されていて、一つはエコノマイザ４と反応塔５との間で排ガス煙道３に設けられた上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１、もう一つは煙突２に設けられた下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２である。   In the present embodiment, concentration meters that measure the concentration of acid gas in the exhaust gas are disposed at two locations, one upstream side provided in the exhaust gas flue 3 between the economizer 4 and the reaction tower 5. An acid gas concentration meter 11 and another one are a downstream acid gas concentration meter 12 provided in the chimney 2.

上記制御装置１０の苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａは、上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１での測定値を受け、苛性ソーダ供給装置８での苛性ソーダ供給量を制御する指令信号を該苛性ソーダ供給装置８へ発するように、上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１そして苛性ソーダ供給装置８に接続されている。   The caustic soda supply controller 10A of the control device 10 receives the measurement value from the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11 and issues a command signal for controlling the caustic soda supply amount in the caustic soda supply device 8 to the caustic soda supply device 8. Further, the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11 and the caustic soda supply device 8 are connected.

また、上記制御装置１０の粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂは、上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２の両者から測定値を受け、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９での粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する指令信号を該粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９へ発するように、上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１そして下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２、さらに上記粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９に接続されている。   Further, the powder alkali agent supply control unit 10B of the control device 10 receives the measured values from both the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acid gas concentration meter 12, and the powder alkali in the powder alkali agent supply device 9 Connected to the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acid gas concentration meter 12 and further to the powder alkali agent supply device 9 so as to issue a command signal for controlling the agent supply amount to the powder alkali agent supply device 9. Yes.

このように構成される本実施形態装置について、さらに各部の詳細そして本実施形態装置による作動を説明する。   About this embodiment apparatus comprised in this way, the detail of each part and the operation | movement by this embodiment apparatus are demonstrated.

＜エコノマイザ＞
エコノマイザ４は、ボイラ１Ａで熱回収された排ガスの廃熱をさらに回収してボイラ１Ａで蒸気発生効果を上げるためにボイラ１Ａへのボイラ給水を加熱する。したがって、このエコノマイザにより、排ガスからの廃熱回収量を増加させ、廃熱回収量を極大値にまで到達させることができる。 <Economizer>
The economizer 4 heats the boiler feed water to the boiler 1A in order to further recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas heat recovered by the boiler 1A and increase the steam generation effect in the boiler 1A. Therefore, with this economizer, the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas can be increased, and the amount of waste heat recovered can reach a maximum value.

従来は、エコノマイザから排出される排ガス（温度２５０〜４００℃）をガス冷却塔に導き、冷却水と苛性ソーダ水溶液を排ガスに噴霧し、排ガスを酸性ガスと粉末アルカリ剤との反応に適する温度まで冷却していた。   Conventionally, exhaust gas (temperature 250 to 400 ° C) discharged from the economizer is guided to a gas cooling tower, sprayed with cooling water and aqueous caustic soda solution, and the exhaust gas is cooled to a temperature suitable for the reaction between the acidic gas and the powdered alkaline agent. Was.

本発明では、エコノマイザ４により、ボイラ１Ａからの排ガスとの熱交換により、一方ではボイラ給水を加熱することで廃熱を利用し、他方では、エコノマイザ４から排出される排ガスの温度を酸性ガスと粉末アルカリ剤との反応に適した１６０〜１８０℃程度にまで減温する。   In the present invention, waste heat is utilized by heating the boiler feed water on the one hand by heat exchange with the exhaust gas from the boiler 1A by the economizer 4, and on the other hand, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the economizer 4 is changed to acid gas. The temperature is reduced to about 160 to 180 ° C. suitable for reaction with the powder alkali agent.

このようにエコノマイザ４により、排ガスの保有する廃熱を有効に回収すると共に排ガスを適切な温度に減温することができる。   Thus, the economizer 4 can effectively recover the waste heat held by the exhaust gas and reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas to an appropriate temperature.

＜反応塔＞
反応塔５は、該反応塔５を流通する排ガスに、苛性ソーダ供給装置８から苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給し、排ガス中の酸性ガスを中和させる空間を形成している。 <Reaction tower>
The reaction tower 5 forms a space where the aqueous solution of caustic soda is supplied from the caustic soda supply device 8 to the exhaust gas flowing through the reaction tower 5 to neutralize the acid gas in the exhaust gas.

本実施形態では、排ガスは、エコノマイザ４により、すでに減温されているので、反応塔５では排ガスの冷却は行われずに、酸性ガスを除去するために必要な量だけの苛性ソーダ水溶液が排ガスに噴霧され、排ガス中の酸性ガスの塩化水素と二酸化硫黄が苛性ソーダと反応して、中和され除去される。   In the present embodiment, since the exhaust gas has already been reduced in temperature by the economizer 4, the reaction tower 5 does not cool the exhaust gas, and only an amount of aqueous caustic soda necessary for removing the acidic gas is sprayed on the exhaust gas. Then, acid chloride hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas react with caustic soda to be neutralized and removed.

＜集塵装置＞
集塵装置６は、排ガス中のダストと粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応生成物とを捕集する。集塵装置６としては、濾過式、電気式、サイクロン式等各種公知の集塵形式のものが適用可能であり、特に限定はないが、例えば、濾過式のバグフィルタ形式が好適に用いられる。 <Dust collector>
The dust collector 6 collects the dust, the powder alkaline agent, and the reaction product of acidic gas in the exhaust gas. As the dust collector 6, various known dust collection types such as a filtration type, an electric type, and a cyclone type can be applied. Although there is no particular limitation, for example, a filtration type bag filter type is preferably used.

＜苛性ソーダ供給装置＞
苛性ソーダ供給装置８は、苛性ソーダ原液を水で希釈して所定濃度の苛性ソーダ水溶液とし、この苛性ソーダ水溶液を反応塔５へ供給する。供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液を微粒化し噴霧粒として反応塔５内に噴霧する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置については後述する。 <Caustic soda supply device>
The caustic soda supply device 8 dilutes the caustic soda stock solution with water to obtain a caustic soda aqueous solution having a predetermined concentration, and supplies this caustic soda aqueous solution to the reaction tower 5. A caustic soda spraying device that atomizes the supplied aqueous solution of caustic soda and sprays it as spray particles in the reaction tower 5 will be described later.

＜粉末アルカリ剤供給装置＞
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９は、反応塔５と集塵装置６との間、特に集塵装置６の入口寄位置で排ガス煙道３に接続されていて、排ガス煙道３中の排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を吹き込む。反応塔５で酸性ガスが苛性ソーダにより中和された後に、排ガスに残存する酸性ガスと粉末アルカリ剤が反応して、反応生成物を生ずる。この反応生成物は上記集塵装置６で捕集され除去される。 <Powder alkaline agent supply device>
The powder alkali agent supply device 9 is connected to the exhaust gas flue 3 between the reaction tower 5 and the dust collector 6, particularly at the entrance of the dust collector 6, and powder alkali is added to the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flue 3. Inject agent. After the acidic gas is neutralized with caustic soda in the reaction tower 5, the acidic gas remaining in the exhaust gas reacts with the powder alkali agent to produce a reaction product. This reaction product is collected and removed by the dust collector 6.

＜制御装置＞
制御装置１０は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａと粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂとを有している。 <Control device>
The control device 10 includes a caustic soda supply control unit 10A and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit 10B.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａは、上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１で測定された塩化水素や二酸化硫黄の酸性ガスの濃度にもとづき、予め定めた算出手順により、上記酸性ガスの中和に適切な苛性ソーダ供給量を導くように、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量を算出して、苛性ソーダ供給装置８の送液部へ指令信号を送り、苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量をフィードフォワード制御する。   The caustic soda supply control unit 10A supplies caustic soda suitable for neutralization of the acidic gas according to a predetermined calculation procedure based on the concentration of hydrogen chloride or sulfur dioxide acidic gas measured by the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11. The amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value is calculated so as to derive the amount, a command signal is sent to the liquid feeding section of the caustic soda supply device 8, and the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution is determined. Feed forward control.

苛性ソーダ水溶液は、通常、苛性ソーダ供給装置８に備えられた苛性ソーダ噴霧装置により反応塔５へ噴霧供給される。この苛性ソーダ噴霧装置は、苛性ソーダ水溶液ノズルと圧縮空気ノズルとの二つのノズルを有する二流体ノズルの形式をとっていて、圧縮空気により苛性ソーダ水溶液を微粒化し噴霧している。   The aqueous caustic soda solution is usually sprayed and supplied to the reaction tower 5 by a caustic soda spraying device provided in the caustic soda supply device 8. This caustic soda spraying apparatus takes the form of a two-fluid nozzle having two nozzles, a caustic soda aqueous solution nozzle and a compressed air nozzle, and atomizes and sprays the caustic soda aqueous solution with compressed air.

一方、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２の両者の測定値を受けて、苛性ソーダによる中和後もなお排ガス中に残存する酸性ガスと反応して反応生成物を生ずるための粉末アルカリ剤を、上記測定値にもとづき、予め定められた算出手順により必要な粉末アルカリ剤供給量を算出してその指令信号を粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９へ送り粉末アルカリ剤供給量を、フィードフォワード制御とフィードバック制御の併用により制御する。   On the other hand, the powder alkali agent supply control unit 10B receives the measured values of both the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acidic gas concentration meter 12, and the acidic gas remaining in the exhaust gas after neutralization with caustic soda. Based on the above measured value, the powder alkali agent for reacting to produce a reaction product is calculated according to a predetermined calculation procedure to calculate the required amount of powder alkali agent and send the command signal to the powder alkali agent supply device 9. The feed powder alkali agent supply amount is controlled by using both feedforward control and feedback control.

このように、苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御し、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量に制御する。   In this manner, the caustic soda supply control unit 10A controls the supply amount of the aqueous caustic soda solution to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value based on the measured value by the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11. The agent supply control unit 10B has a relationship in which the powder alkali agent supply amount is determined in advance corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter 12. Control to the amount derived from.

排ガスに苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給し酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和した後には、排ガス中に酸性ガスが残存している。上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量が該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御されて、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤が供給され、残存する酸性ガスが中和される。残存する酸性ガスは、粉末アルカリ剤との反応生成物を生じ、これが集塵装置で捕集され除去される。このように、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御による苛性ソーダ供給量の制御と、上流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードフォワード制御と下流側酸性ガス濃度測定値に基づくフィードバック制御との併用による粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御により、排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の変動に対して速やかにかつ安定してさらに低コストで酸性ガスを除去することができる。   After supplying the caustic soda aqueous solution to the exhaust gas and neutralizing at least a part of the acid gas, the acid gas remains in the exhaust gas. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the supply amount of the powder alkali agent is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value. The powder alkaline agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector, and the remaining acidic gas is neutralized. The remaining acidic gas produces a reaction product with the powdered alkaline agent, which is collected and removed by a dust collector. In this way, control of the caustic soda supply amount by feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, feedforward control based on the upstream acid gas concentration measurement value, and feedback control based on the downstream acid gas concentration measurement value By controlling the supply amount of the powder alkali agent in combination, the acidic gas can be removed quickly and stably with respect to the fluctuation of the acidic gas concentration in the exhaust gas at a lower cost.

＜作動＞
このように構成される本実施形態装置において、焼却炉１で発生する排ガスはボイラ１Ａで熱回収された後、排ガス煙道３を通り、エコノマイザ４、反応塔５そして集塵装置６を経て煙突２から大気へ放出される。 <Operation>
In the present embodiment configured as described above, the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator 1 is heat-recovered by the boiler 1A, passes through the exhaust gas flue 3, passes through the economizer 4, the reaction tower 5, and the dust collector 6, and the chimney. 2 to the atmosphere.

ボイラ１Ａで熱回収された排ガスは、この熱回収後も熱を保有しており、エコノマイザ４にて再度熱回収されて降温する。エコノマイザ４で熱回収された熱エネルギはボイラ給水の予熱に用いられ、ボイラでの蒸気発生量を増大させるようエネルギが有効利用される。エコノマイザ４から排出される排ガスは、エコノマイザ４での熱回収により、粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度まですでに降温しており、排ガスは反応塔で冷却される必要はない。   The exhaust gas heat-recovered by the boiler 1A retains heat even after this heat recovery, and is again recovered by the economizer 4 and lowered in temperature. The heat energy recovered by the economizer 4 is used for preheating boiler feedwater, and the energy is effectively used to increase the amount of steam generated in the boiler. The exhaust gas discharged from the economizer 4 has already been cooled to a temperature suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas by heat recovery in the economizer 4, and the exhaust gas does not need to be cooled in the reaction tower.

排ガスは、反応塔５で苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａの指令にもとづいた量の苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧を苛性ソーダ供給装置８から受けて、排ガス中の酸性ガスがこの苛性ソーダ水溶液との反応で中和される。   The exhaust gas is sprayed from the caustic soda supply device 8 in an amount based on the command of the caustic soda supply control unit 10A in the reaction tower 5, and the acidic gas in the exhaust gas is neutralized by the reaction with the caustic soda aqueous solution.

反応塔５から排出される排ガスは、反応塔５で受けた苛性ソーダ水溶液によって排ガス中の酸性ガスが中和された後も酸性ガスが残存している。集塵装置６へ流入する前に粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９から粉末アルカリ剤の供給を受けて、残存酸性ガスがこの粉末アルカリ剤と反応して反応生成物を生ずる。排ガスはこの反応生成物を含有した状態で集塵装置６へ流入する。   In the exhaust gas discharged from the reaction tower 5, the acidic gas remains even after the acidic gas in the exhaust gas is neutralized by the aqueous caustic soda solution received in the reaction tower 5. Before flowing into the dust collector 6, the powdered alkaline agent is supplied from the powdered alkaline agent supply device 9, and the residual acidic gas reacts with the powdered alkaline agent to produce a reaction product. The exhaust gas flows into the dust collector 6 in a state containing this reaction product.

集塵装置６では、排ガス中の残存酸性ガスが粉末アルカリ剤と反応して生じた反応生成物がダストとともに捕集除去され、排ガスは酸性ガスを含有しない状態で排出され、煙突２から大気へ放出される。   In the dust collector 6, the reaction product generated by the reaction of the residual acidic gas in the exhaust gas with the powdered alkaline agent is collected and removed together with the dust, and the exhaust gas is discharged without containing the acidic gas, and is discharged from the chimney 2 to the atmosphere. Released.

このように処理される排ガスは、苛性ソーダ水溶液そして粉末アルカリ剤を受ける際、制御装置１０により適正な量の苛性ソーダ水溶液と粉末アルカリ剤の供給を受ける。   When the exhaust gas to be treated in this way receives the aqueous caustic soda solution and the powdered alkaline agent, the controller 10 receives an appropriate amount of the aqueous caustic soda solution and the powdered alkaline agent.

制御装置１０は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａが上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１からの測定値を受け、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂが上記上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２の両者からの測定値を受けている。   In the control device 10, the caustic soda supply control unit 10 </ b> A receives the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11, and the powder alkali agent supply control unit 10 </ b> B receives the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acid gas concentration meter 12. We have received measurements from both.

上記苛性ソーダ供給制御部１０Ａは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１での測定値にもとづき、酸性ガス濃度とその濃度における酸性ガスの中和に必要な苛性ソーダ量の既知関係から、上記測定値の濃度の酸性ガスを中和させるために必要な苛性ソーダ供給量を、予め定められた算出手段により算出し、算出された苛性ソーダ供給量となるように苛性ソーダ供給装置８に指令信号を発してフィードフォワード制御する。   The caustic soda supply control unit 10A determines the concentration of the measured value from the known relationship between the acidic gas concentration and the amount of caustic soda necessary for neutralizing acidic gas at the concentration based on the measured value by the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11. A caustic soda supply amount necessary for neutralizing the acid gas is calculated by a predetermined calculation means, and a command signal is issued to the caustic soda supply device 8 so as to be the calculated caustic soda supply amount, and feedforward control is performed.

粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２の両者から測定値を受けており、前者の測定値にもとづきフィードフォワード制御で、そして後者の測定値にもとづきフィードバック制御で粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９へ指令信号を発して粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する。   The powder alkali agent supply control unit 10B receives measurement values from both the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acid gas concentration meter 12, is feed-forward control based on the former measurement value, and the latter measurement value. Based on the feedback control, a command signal is issued to the powder alkaline agent supply device 9 to control the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent.

かくして、排ガス中の酸性ガスは反応塔５で苛性ソーダにより中和されるが、反応塔５を出た後でも、排ガス中に酸性ガスが残存する。この残存する酸性ガスは、上述のごとく制御され供給された粉末アルカリ剤により中和され反応生成物を生じ、これが集塵装置６で捕集除去される結果、上記下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２での測定値が許容範囲に収まるようになる。   Thus, the acidic gas in the exhaust gas is neutralized with caustic soda in the reaction tower 5, but the acidic gas remains in the exhaust gas even after leaving the reaction tower 5. The remaining acidic gas is neutralized by the powdered alkaline agent controlled and supplied as described above to produce a reaction product, which is collected and removed by the dust collector 6. As a result, the downstream acidic gas concentration meter 12 The measured value falls within the allowable range.

上記粉末アルカリ剤は、例えば、次のようにして供給制御される。   The supply of the powder alkali agent is controlled, for example, as follows.

上流側酸性ガス濃度計により測定された塩化水素濃度測定値と二酸化硫黄濃度測定値に対して中和反応に必要な苛性ソーダ量を１とした場合に、実際に供給する供給量との比率である当量比を０．３以上１．０未満として苛性ソーダを供給する。   This is the ratio of the supply amount actually supplied when the amount of caustic soda required for the neutralization reaction is 1 with respect to the measured value of the hydrogen chloride concentration and the measured value of the sulfur dioxide concentration measured by the upstream acid gas concentration meter. Caustic soda is supplied at an equivalent ratio of 0.3 or more and less than 1.0.

上流側酸性ガス濃度計により測定された塩化水素濃度と二酸化硫黄濃度と、供給する苛性ソーダ当量比とから算出される中和反応後の塩化水素濃度と二酸化硫黄濃度（反応塔出口での酸性ガス濃度）と、煙突における塩化水素濃度と二酸化硫黄濃度の目標値（排出規制値から規定される）とから必要とされる粉末アルカリ剤の供給量を算出する。この算出はフィードフォワード制御である。   Hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration after neutralization calculated from the hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration measured by the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the supplied caustic soda equivalent ratio (acid gas concentration at the reaction tower outlet) ) And the target value of the hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration in the chimney (specified from the emission regulation value), the required supply amount of the powder alkali agent is calculated. This calculation is feedforward control.

このフィードフォワード制御による粉末アルカリ剤の供給量の算出値に、さらに、下流側酸性ガス濃度計による塩化水素濃度と二酸化硫黄濃度の測定値に対応して粉末アルカリ剤の供給量を増減するフィードバック制御を組み合わせる。   Feedback control to increase / decrease the supply amount of powder alkali agent according to the measured value of hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration by downstream acid gas concentration meter in addition to the calculated value of supply amount of powder alkali agent by this feedforward control Combine.

図１において、反応部は反応塔５として形成されていたが、反応部はこれに限定されず、図２に示されるように、拡管部５Ａとして形成されていてもよい。反応部は、排ガスが苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧を受けるのに十分な空間容積を有し、苛性ソーダ水溶液との反応時間を確保できる低流速になっていれば良く、上述の反応塔に代えて、排ガス煙道を一部で拡径して上記空間容積を有しそして低流速となる拡管部５Ａとして形成しても、反応塔と同等の機能を得る。このような拡管部５Ａで反応部を形成することとすれば、反応塔よりも小型化で安価な装置となる。   In FIG. 1, the reaction part is formed as the reaction tower 5, but the reaction part is not limited to this, and may be formed as a tube expansion part 5 </ b> A as shown in FIG. 2. The reaction section only needs to have a sufficient space volume for the exhaust gas to be sprayed with the aqueous caustic soda solution and have a low flow rate capable of ensuring a reaction time with the aqueous caustic soda solution. Even if the passage is partially enlarged to form the expanded portion 5A having the above-mentioned space volume and a low flow rate, the same function as the reaction tower is obtained. If the reaction part is formed by such a pipe expansion part 5A, the apparatus becomes smaller and less expensive than the reaction tower.

＜第二実施形態＞
次に、図３にもとづき、本発明の第二実施形態について説明する。 <Second embodiment>
Next, based on FIG. 3, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

図３にて、第一実施形態を示す図１と共通部位には同一符号を付しその説明を省略することとする。   In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in FIG. 1 showing the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

本実施形態において、ボイラ１Ａを備えた焼却炉１からの排ガスを煙突へ送る排ガス煙道３に、上流側からエコノマイザ４、反応部としての反応塔５、そして集塵装置６を配しており、苛性ソーダ供給装置８、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置を有している点では、図１の第一実施形態と同じである。苛性ソーダ供給装置８と反応塔５との間に苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａが介在している。   In this embodiment, an economizer 4, a reaction tower 5 as a reaction section, and a dust collector 6 are arranged from an upstream side to an exhaust gas flue 3 that sends exhaust gas from an incinerator 1 equipped with a boiler 1A to a chimney. In the point which has the caustic soda supply apparatus 8 and the powder alkali agent supply apparatus, it is the same as 1st embodiment of FIG. A caustic soda spraying device 8 </ b> A is interposed between the caustic soda supply device 8 and the reaction tower 5.

本実施形態では、制御装置２０は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａと、苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部２０Ｂとを有している。上記苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部２０Ｂは、該苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａから噴霧される苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧条件を制御する。   In the present embodiment, the control device 20 includes a caustic soda supply control unit 20A and a caustic soda spray control unit 20B. The caustic soda spray control unit 20B controls the spraying conditions of the caustic soda aqueous solution sprayed from the caustic soda spraying device 8A.

また、上記制御装置２０へ制御のために必要な排ガスの性状に関する測定値を送る測定計としては、エコノマイザ４と反応塔５との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔入口温度計２１、反応塔５の内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔内部温度計２２及び反応塔５と集塵装置６との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔出口温度計２３とを有している。   Moreover, as a measuring meter which sends the measured value regarding the property of the exhaust gas necessary for control to the control device 20, a reaction tower inlet thermometer 21 which measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer 4 and the reaction tower 5, a reaction A reaction tower internal thermometer 22 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the tower 5 and a reaction tower outlet thermometer 23 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction tower 5 and the dust collector 6 are provided.

エコノマイザ４は、ボイラ１Ａからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させる。   The economizer 4 receives the exhaust gas from the boiler 1A, recovers heat, and reduces the exhaust gas temperature.

反応塔５は、苛性ソーダ供給装置８から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９は、反応塔５と集塵装置６の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和する。   The reaction tower 5 receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device 8 and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas, and the powder alkaline agent supply device 9 applies the powder alkaline agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction tower 5 and the dust collector 6. Supply and neutralize the remainder of the acid gas.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａは、供給する苛性ソーダ量を定められた量に維持しながら、反応塔入口温度計２１で測定された反応塔入口での排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応塔出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御する。   The caustic soda supply control unit 20A maintains the amount of caustic soda to be supplied at a predetermined amount, and based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value at the reaction tower inlet measured by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21, the exhaust gas temperature at the reaction tower outlet. Is adjusted to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powdered alkaline agent and the acidic gas, and the amount of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution supplied and the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are controlled.

反応塔入口温度計２１により測定された排ガス温度測定値から推定する反応塔出口での排ガス温度が、粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した所定範囲より高くなる場合には、苛性ソーダ原液を水で希釈して苛性ソーダ水溶液としている希釈水量を増加して、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を増加するとともに苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を減少して、供給する苛性ソーダ量を定められた量に維持しながら苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を増加して、苛性ソーダ水溶液の蒸発による抜熱量を増加して排ガス温度を低下させる。   When the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction tower estimated from the measured exhaust gas temperature measured by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21 is higher than a predetermined range suitable for the reaction between the powdered alkaline agent and the acidic gas, the caustic soda stock solution is added. Increase the amount of dilute water diluted with water to increase the amount of caustic soda solution supplied, decrease the concentration of caustic soda solution, and maintain the supplied amount of caustic soda solution at a specified amount To increase the amount of heat removed by evaporation of the aqueous caustic soda solution and lower the exhaust gas temperature.

反応塔入口温度計２１による測定値に基づき反応塔出口での排ガス温度を推定して行う制御に代えて、反応塔出口温度計２３による測定値に基づく制御（図３でのＸ破線）を行ってもよいし、両者を併用してもよい。反応塔入口温度計２１による測定値に基づく制御の場合には、エコノマイザから排出される排ガスの温度が変動したとき速やかに反応塔出口での排ガス温度を所定範囲とするように制御することができ、反応塔出口温度計２３による測定値に基づく制御の場合には、反応塔出口での排ガス温度を確実に所定範囲とするように制御することができる。   Instead of the control performed by estimating the exhaust gas temperature at the reaction tower outlet based on the measured value by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21, the control based on the measured value by the reaction tower outlet thermometer 23 (X broken line in FIG. 3) is performed. Or both may be used in combination. In the case of control based on the value measured by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21, when the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the economizer fluctuates, the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction tower can be quickly controlled within a predetermined range. In the case of the control based on the measurement value by the reaction tower outlet thermometer 23, the exhaust gas temperature at the reaction tower outlet can be controlled to be surely within a predetermined range.

次に、苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部２０Ｂは、苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａにより定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、反応塔内部温度計２２で測定された反応塔内部の排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａにより定められた供給量と濃度の苛性ソーダ水溶液を噴霧して生成する噴霧粒が反応塔５内で完全に蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａの噴霧条件を制御する。   Next, the caustic soda spray control unit 20B is based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control unit 20A, and the measured exhaust gas temperature inside the reaction tower measured by the reaction tower internal thermometer 22. The spraying conditions of the caustic soda spraying device 8A are controlled so that the spray particles generated by spraying the aqueous solution of caustic soda having the concentration and concentration determined by the caustic soda supply controller 20A are completely evaporated in the reaction tower 5.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａによる制御を行い、苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量を変えるとともに濃度を変えると苛性ソーダ水溶液の沸点が変わるため、苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａにより噴霧した苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒の蒸発状況が変わる。そのため、苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部２０Ｂは、苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ａにより定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、反応塔内部温度計２２で測定された排ガス温度とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応塔５内で完全に蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａの噴霧条件を制御する。   When the control is performed by the caustic soda supply control unit 20A to change the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution and change the concentration, the boiling point of the caustic soda aqueous solution changes. Therefore, the caustic soda spray control unit 20B is configured so that the spray particles are formed in the reaction tower 5 based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount determined by the caustic soda supply control unit 20A, the concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution, and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the reaction tower internal thermometer 22. The spraying conditions of the caustic soda spraying device 8A are controlled so as to evaporate completely.

苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａが二流体ノズル方式で苛性ソーダ水溶液を圧縮空気により微粒化して噴霧するものである場合には、噴霧条件として圧縮空気量を調整し、噴霧粒の蒸発状況に影響が大きい噴霧粒の粒径分布を好ましいものとする。例えば、噴霧粒の蒸発を促進する場合には、噴霧粒の粒径分布を粒径の小さいものとするように圧縮空気量を増加する。   When the caustic soda spraying device 8A is a two-fluid nozzle system for atomizing and spraying an aqueous solution of caustic soda with compressed air, the amount of compressed air is adjusted as a spraying condition, and the spray particle having a large influence on the evaporation state of the sprayed particles The particle size distribution is preferred. For example, when promoting the evaporation of spray particles, the amount of compressed air is increased so that the particle size distribution of the spray particles is small.

反応塔内部温度計２２による測定値に基づく制御に代えて、反応塔出口温度計２３による測定値に基づく制御（図３でのＹ破線）を行ってもよいし、両者を併用してもよい。   Instead of the control based on the measurement value by the reaction tower internal thermometer 22, the control based on the measurement value by the reaction tower outlet thermometer 23 (Y broken line in FIG. 3) may be performed, or both may be used in combination. .

また、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒が反応塔内で完全に蒸発している指標として、反応塔内部温度を監視するようにしてもよい。さらに、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９からの粉末アルカリ剤の供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御装置と、煙突２の排ガス中の酸性ガスの濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計とを設け、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御装置は、下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダによる中和後もなお排ガス中に残存する酸性ガスと反応して中和させるために必要な粉末アルカリ剤供給量で粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９が供給するように、フィードバック制御により制御するようにすることが、下流側酸性ガス濃度計での排ガス中の酸性ガスの測定値がより確実に許容範囲に収まるように制御できるため、より好ましい。   Further, the temperature inside the reaction tower may be monitored as an indicator that the spray particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution are completely evaporated in the reaction tower. Furthermore, a powder alkaline agent supply control device that controls the supply amount of the powder alkali agent from the powder alkali agent supply device 9 and a downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the concentration of the acid gas in the exhaust gas of the chimney 2 are provided. The powder alkaline agent supply control device is based on the measured value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter and supplies the powder alkaline agent necessary for neutralizing by reacting with the acidic gas remaining in the exhaust gas even after neutralization with caustic soda. Control by feedback control so that the powder alkaline agent supply device 9 supplies the amount in an amount so that the measured value of the acid gas in the exhaust gas at the downstream acid gas concentration meter is more surely within the allowable range. It is more preferable because it can be controlled.

かくして、本実施形態では、酸性ガスの中和に必要な苛性ソーダが定められた供給量に維持されて反応塔５へ供給されると共に、排ガスの温度が変動しても、反応塔出口での排ガス温度が粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に制御され、さらに、苛性ソーダ水溶液噴霧粒は完全に蒸発して、噴霧粒残留による問題が生じない。そして、苛性ソーダによる中和後もなお排ガス中に残存する酸性ガスが粉末アルカリ剤により中和され除去される。   Thus, in the present embodiment, the caustic soda necessary for neutralizing the acid gas is maintained at a predetermined supply amount and supplied to the reaction tower 5, and even if the temperature of the exhaust gas fluctuates, the exhaust gas at the outlet of the reaction tower The temperature is controlled within a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powdered alkaline agent and the acid gas. Further, the spray particles of the aqueous caustic soda solution are completely evaporated, and there is no problem due to residual spray particles. The acidic gas still remaining in the exhaust gas after neutralization with caustic soda is neutralized and removed by the powder alkali agent.

本実施形態においても、前実施形態の場合と同様に、反応部は反応塔５に代えて拡管部とすることができる。   Also in this embodiment, as in the case of the previous embodiment, the reaction section can be a tube expansion section instead of the reaction tower 5.

＜第三実施形態＞
次に、図４にもとづき、本発明の第三実施形態について説明する。 <Third embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

図４にて、第一実施形態を示す図１と共通部位には同一符号を付しその説明を省略する。   4, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to FIG. 1 which shows 1st embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

本実施形態において、ボイラ１Ａを備えた焼却炉１からの排ガスを煙突２へ送る排ガス煙道３に、上流側からエコノマイザ４、反応部としての反応塔５そして集塵装置６を配し、ており、苛性ソーダ供給装置８、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置９を有している点では、図１の第一実施形態と同じである。苛性ソーダ供給装置８と反応塔５との間に苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａが介在している。   In this embodiment, an economizer 4, a reaction tower 5 as a reaction section, and a dust collector 6 are arranged in an exhaust gas flue 3 that sends exhaust gas from an incinerator 1 equipped with a boiler 1 </ b> A to a chimney 2. In the point which has the caustic soda supply apparatus 8 and the powder alkali agent supply apparatus 9, it is the same as 1st embodiment of FIG. A caustic soda spraying device 8 </ b> A is interposed between the caustic soda supply device 8 and the reaction tower 5.

本実施形態では、排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の測定値に基づき苛性ソーダ水溶液そして粉末アルカリ剤の供給量を制御することとした第一実施形態の特徴と、排ガスの温度の測定値に基づき苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａの噴霧条件を制御することとした第二実施形態の特徴とを併せて有している。   In the present embodiment, the characteristics of the first embodiment in which the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution and the powdered alkaline agent are controlled based on the measured value of the acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas, and the caustic soda aqueous solution based on the measured value of the temperature of the exhaust gas are used. It has the features of the second embodiment in which the supply amount, concentration, and spraying conditions of the caustic soda spraying device 8A are controlled.

かかる本実施形態では、制御装置は第一制御装置３０と第二制御装置４０とを有している。第一制御装置３０は苛性ソーダ供給量算出部３０Ａと粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部３０Ｂとを有し、第二制御装置４０は苛性ソーダ供給制御部４０Ａと苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部４０Ｂとを有している。   In this embodiment, the control device has a first control device 30 and a second control device 40. The first control device 30 includes a caustic soda supply amount calculation unit 30A and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit 30B, and the second control device 40 includes a caustic soda supply control unit 40A and a caustic soda spray control unit 40B.

上記第一制御装置３０そして第二制御装置４０での制御に用いられる排ガスの性状の測定値を得るために、本実施形態では、第一実施形態と同様な上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と
下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２、そして第二実施形態と同様なエコノマイザ４と反応塔５との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔入口温度計２１、反応塔内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔内部温度計２２及び反応塔と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応塔出口温度計２３を有している。 In order to obtain the measured value of the property of the exhaust gas used for the control by the first control device 30 and the second control device 40, in this embodiment, the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream as in the first embodiment are used. A side acid gas concentration meter 12, a reaction tower inlet thermometer 21 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer 4 and the reaction tower 5 similar to the second embodiment, a reaction tower for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction tower An internal thermometer 22 and a reaction tower outlet thermometer 23 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction tower and the dust collector are provided.

第一制御装置３０では、苛性ソーダ供給量算出部３０Ａが上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１からの酸性ガス濃度測定値を受けて、予め定めた算出手順により、上記酸性ガスの中和に適切な苛性ソーダの供給量を導くように、酸性ガス濃度測定値に対応して予め定めた関係から導かれる量を算出し、算出された苛性ソーダの供給量を第二制御装置４０の苛性ソーダ供給制御部４０Ａへ伝達するようになっている。また、第一制御装置３０の粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部３０Ｂは、上流側酸性ガス濃度計１１と下流側酸性ガス濃度計１２のそれぞれから測定値を受け、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する。この粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部３０Ｂでの制御は、第一実施形態の場合の粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部１０Ｂによる制御と同じである。   In the first control device 30, the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit 30 </ b> A receives the acid gas concentration measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter 11, and the caustic soda suitable for neutralizing the acid gas is determined by a predetermined calculation procedure. An amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured acid gas concentration value is calculated so as to derive the supply amount, and the calculated supply amount of caustic soda is transmitted to the caustic soda supply control unit 40A of the second control device 40. It is like that. Moreover, the powder alkali agent supply control part 30B of the 1st control apparatus 30 receives a measured value from each of the upstream acidic gas concentration meter 11 and the downstream acidic gas concentration meter 12, and controls a powder alkaline agent supply amount. The control by the powder alkaline agent supply control unit 30B is the same as the control by the powder alkaline agent supply control unit 10B in the first embodiment.

次に、第二制御装置４０では、苛性ソーダ供給制御部４０Ａが第一制御装置３０の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部３０Ａから排ガス中の酸性ガスの中和に必要な苛性ソーダの供給量を示す信号を受けると共に、反応塔入口温度計２１による排ガス温度の測定値も受ける。   Next, in the second control device 40, the caustic soda supply control unit 40A receives a signal indicating the supply amount of caustic soda necessary for neutralizing the acidic gas in the exhaust gas from the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit 30A of the first control device 30. The measured value of the exhaust gas temperature by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21 is also received.

上記第二制御装置４０の苛性ソーダ供給制御部４０Ａは、上記苛性ソーダ供給量算出部３０Ａからの算出値にしたがい苛性ソーダ供給装置８での苛性ソーダの供給量を制御すると共に、反応塔入口温度計２１による排ガス温度測定値にもとづき、上記苛性ソーダを水溶液化した苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量とその濃度を制御する。この反応塔入口温度計２１による排ガス温度の測定値にもとづく苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度の苛性ソーダ供給制御部４０Ａにおける制御は第二実施形態における苛性ソーダ供給制御部２０Ｂにおける制御と同じである。   The caustic soda supply control unit 40A of the second control device 40 controls the supply amount of caustic soda in the caustic soda supply device 8 according to the calculated value from the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit 30A, and exhaust gas from the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21. Based on the temperature measurement value, the supply amount and concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution in which the caustic soda is made into an aqueous solution are controlled. The control in the caustic soda supply control unit 40A of the supply amount and concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution based on the measured value of the exhaust gas temperature by the reaction tower inlet thermometer 21 is the same as the control in the caustic soda supply control unit 20B in the second embodiment.

次に、第二制御装置４０の苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部４０Ｂでは反応塔内部温度計２２による排ガス温度の測定値を受け、苛性ソーダ噴霧装置８Ａにおける苛性ソーダ水溶液の噴霧条件を制御している。この苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部４０Ｂによる噴霧条件の制御は、第二実施形態における苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部２０Ｂによる制御と同じである。   Next, the caustic soda spray control unit 40B of the second control device 40 receives the measured value of the exhaust gas temperature from the reaction tower internal thermometer 22, and controls the spraying conditions of the caustic soda aqueous solution in the caustic soda spray device 8A. The control of the spray conditions by the caustic soda spray control unit 40B is the same as the control by the caustic soda spray control unit 20B in the second embodiment.

かくして、本実施形態によれば、第一制御装置３０で苛性ソーダ供給量の算出と、粉末アルカリ剤供給量の制御が行われ、第二制御装置４０で苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量及び濃度と、苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件が制御されるので、苛性ソーダ供給量が必要十分な量に制御され、しかも苛性ソーダ噴霧粒の蒸発を確実に行われる。   Thus, according to the present embodiment, the first control device 30 calculates the caustic soda supply amount and the powder alkaline agent supply amount, and the second control device 40 controls the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and concentration, and the caustic soda spraying device. Therefore, the supply amount of the caustic soda is controlled to a necessary and sufficient amount, and the evaporation of the caustic soda spray particles is surely performed.

本実施形態においても、反応部として反応塔に代えて拡管部を設けることができることは、第一実施形態、第二実施形態の場合と同様である。   Also in this embodiment, it is the same as the case of 1st embodiment and 2nd embodiment that it can replace with a reaction tower and can provide a pipe expansion part as a reaction part.

本発明では、第一ないし第三実施形態において粉末アルカリ剤として消石灰または重曹を用いることが可能である。本発明の第三実施形態では粉末アルカリ剤として消石灰を用いる場合について説明する。   In the present invention, slaked lime or sodium bicarbonate can be used as the powder alkali agent in the first to third embodiments. In the third embodiment of the present invention, a case where slaked lime is used as the powder alkali agent will be described.

反応塔で排ガスに苛性ソーダ水溶液が噴霧されることによって、排ガス中の酸性ガスの一部が中和されると、酸性ガス中の塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）および二酸化硫黄（ＳＯ2）が、それぞれ下記式（１）および（２）で表わされるように苛性ソーダ（ＮａＯＨ）と反応して、酸性ガスが中和される。 When a part of the acidic gas in the exhaust gas is neutralized by spraying the aqueous solution of caustic soda on the exhaust gas in the reaction tower, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) in the acidic gas are respectively represented by the following formulas: As represented by (1) and (2), it reacts with caustic soda (NaOH) to neutralize the acid gas.

ＨＣｌ＋ＮａＯＨ→ＮａＣｌ＋Ｈ2Ｏ （１）
ＳＯ2＋２ＮａＯＨ＋１／２Ｏ2→Ｎａ2ＳＯ4＋Ｈ2Ｏ （２）
その後、反応塔の出口から集塵装置の入口までの間の煙道または集塵装置の入口で、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置から排ガス中に消石灰が噴霧される。 HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O (1)
SO 2 + 2NaOH + 1 / 2O 2 → Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O (2)
Thereafter, slaked lime is sprayed into the exhaust gas from the powder alkaline agent supply device at the flue between the outlet of the reaction tower and the inlet of the dust collector or the inlet of the dust collector.

消石灰が排ガスに噴霧されることにより、排ガス中に残存する酸性ガスが中和され、塩化水素が消石灰と反応してＣａＣｌ2が生成され、二酸化硫黄が消石灰と反応して亜硫酸カルシウム（ＣａＳＯ3）が生成される。 By spraying slaked lime on exhaust gas, the acid gas remaining in the exhaust gas is neutralized, hydrogen chloride reacts with slaked lime to produce CaCl 2 , and sulfur dioxide reacts with slaked lime to produce calcium sulfite (CaSO 3 ). Is generated.

生成された反応生成物であるＣａＣｌ2および亜硫酸カルシウムは、排ガス中のダストとともに集塵装置で捕集される。 The produced reaction products CaCl 2 and calcium sulfite are collected by the dust collector together with dust in the exhaust gas.

集塵装置を通過した排ガス中の二酸化硫黄および塩化水素は、それぞれの目標濃度にまで低減されており、こうした酸性ガス濃度が低下した排ガスは煙突から大気中へ排出される。   The sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas that has passed through the dust collector are reduced to their respective target concentrations, and the exhaust gas having such a reduced acid gas concentration is discharged from the chimney into the atmosphere.

苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量は、制御装置における苛性ソーダ供給制御部によって制御され、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの消石灰の供給量は、制御装置における粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部によって制御される。   The supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device is controlled by a caustic soda supply control unit in the control device, and the supply amount of slaked lime from the powder alkaline agent supply device is controlled by the powder alkali agent supply control unit in the control device.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計で計測された塩化水素濃度と、二酸化硫黄濃度計で計測された二酸化硫黄濃度に基いて、苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダの供給量を算出して制御を行う。   The caustic soda supply control unit determines the supply amount of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device based on the hydrogen chloride concentration measured by the hydrogen chloride concentration meter of the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the sulfur dioxide concentration measured by the sulfur dioxide concentration meter. Is calculated and controlled.

具体的には、エコノマイザの出口から反応塔の入口までの煙道における排ガス中の塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）濃度および二酸化硫黄（ＳＯ2）濃度を、それぞれ上流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計および二酸化硫黄濃度計により計測して、上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値を得る。この上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値は、苛性ソーダ供給量制御部に送られる。上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値に基づいて、苛性ソーダ供給制御部では、苛性ソーダの供給量を制御する。 Specifically, the hydrogen chloride (HCl) concentration and the sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in the flue gas in the flue from the economizer outlet to the reaction tower inlet are respectively measured as the upstream acid gas concentration meter hydrogen chloride concentration meter and Measured with a sulfur dioxide concentration meter to obtain a measured value of upstream acid gas concentration. The measured value of the upstream acidic gas concentration is sent to the caustic soda supply control unit. Based on the measured value of the upstream acid gas concentration, the caustic soda supply control unit controls the supply amount of caustic soda.

苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、算出した量の苛性ソーダ水溶液が排ガス中に供給されるように、苛性ソーダ供給装置の送液ポンプの吐出量等を調整するための指示信号を苛性ソーダ供給装置へ送る。   The caustic soda supply control unit sends an instruction signal for adjusting the discharge amount of the liquid feed pump of the caustic soda supply apparatus to the caustic soda supply apparatus so that the calculated amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution is supplied into the exhaust gas.

苛性ソーダ供給装置は、この指示信号に応じた量、すなわち苛性ソーダ供給量制御部で算出された量の苛性ソーダ水溶液を、反応塔内に供給する。   The caustic soda supply apparatus supplies the caustic soda aqueous solution in an amount corresponding to this instruction signal, that is, the amount of caustic soda aqueous solution calculated by the caustic soda supply amount control unit, into the reaction tower.

粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計で計測された塩化水素濃度と、二酸化硫黄濃度計で計測された二酸化硫黄濃度と、下流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計で計測された塩化水素濃度と、二酸化硫黄濃度計で計測された二酸化硫黄濃度とに基いて、粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの消石灰の供給量を算出して制御を行う。   The powder alkali agent supply control unit has the hydrogen chloride concentration measured by the hydrogen chloride concentration meter of the upstream acid gas concentration meter, the sulfur dioxide concentration measured by the sulfur dioxide concentration meter, and the hydrogen chloride concentration of the downstream acid gas concentration meter. Based on the hydrogen chloride concentration measured by the densitometer and the sulfur dioxide concentration measured by the sulfur dioxide concentration meter, the amount of slaked lime supplied from the powder alkaline agent supply device is calculated and controlled.

具体的には、エコノマイザの出口から反応塔の入口までの煙道における排ガス中の塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）濃度および二酸化硫黄（ＳＯ2）濃度を、それぞれ上流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計および二酸化硫黄濃度計により計測して、上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値を得て、さらに、煙突内の排ガスの塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）濃度および二酸化硫黄（ＳＯ2）濃度を、それぞれ下流側酸性ガス濃度計の塩化水素濃度計および二酸化硫黄濃度計によって計測して、下流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値を得る。これらの計測値は、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部に送られる。粉末アルカリ剤供給量制御部においては、上記の計測値に基づいて消石灰の供給量が制御される。 Specifically, the hydrogen chloride (HCl) concentration and the sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in the flue gas in the flue from the economizer outlet to the reaction tower inlet are respectively measured as the upstream acid gas concentration meter hydrogen chloride concentration meter and Measured with a sulfur dioxide concentration meter to obtain a measured value of upstream acid gas concentration, and further, the hydrogen chloride (HCl) concentration and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration of the exhaust gas in the chimney, respectively, the downstream acid gas concentration The measured value of the downstream acid gas concentration is obtained by measuring with a hydrogen chloride concentration meter and a sulfur dioxide concentration meter. These measured values are sent to the powder alkaline agent supply control unit. In the powder alkali agent supply amount control unit, the supply amount of slaked lime is controlled based on the above measured value.

粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、算出した量の消石灰が排ガス中に供給されるように、指示信号を粉末アルカリ剤供給装置へ送る。   The powder alkali agent supply control unit sends an instruction signal to the powder alkali agent supply device so that the calculated amount of slaked lime is supplied into the exhaust gas.

粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応塔から集塵装置までの間の煙道または集塵装置入口において、排ガス中に上記指示信号に応じた量の消石灰を吹き込む。消石灰の供給量は、煙突内の塩化水素濃度および二酸化硫黄濃度を、排ガス排出規制値から定める目標濃度以下とするように制御される。   The powder alkali agent supply device blows slaked lime in an amount corresponding to the instruction signal into the exhaust gas at the flue between the reaction tower and the dust collector or at the dust collector inlet. The supply amount of slaked lime is controlled so that the hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration in the chimney are below the target concentrations determined from the exhaust gas emission regulation values.

本実施形態においては、苛性ソーダの供給にあたって、当量比を１．０未満として過剰に苛性ソーダを供給しない。   In the present embodiment, when supplying caustic soda, the equivalent ratio is set to less than 1.0 and the caustic soda is not excessively supplied.

当量比は、酸性ガス除去処理を行なう前の排ガス中に含まれる塩化水素と二酸化硫黄の全量に対して、上記の（１）式および（２）式の反応に必要である苛性ソーダの理論的な合計量に対する実際に供給する苛性ソーダ供給量の比で定義される。   The equivalent ratio is the theoretical amount of caustic soda required for the reaction of the above formulas (1) and (2) with respect to the total amount of hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide contained in the exhaust gas before the acid gas removal treatment. It is defined by the ratio of the amount of caustic soda actually supplied to the total amount.

苛性ソーダの供給量の制御には、上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値である、反応塔の入口での酸性ガス中のＨＣｌ濃度とＳＯ2濃度との組み合わせ条件ごとに、設定すべき苛性ソーダの当量比を予め定めてあるデータベースを用いてもよいし、苛性ソーダ当量比を一定として供給してもよい。 For the control of caustic soda supply, the equivalent ratio of caustic soda to be set for each combination condition of HCl concentration and SO 2 concentration in acidic gas at the inlet of the reaction tower, which is a measured value of upstream acidic gas concentration. May be used, or a caustic soda equivalent ratio may be supplied constant.

データベースは、必要な酸性ガス除去性能を充たすとともに、苛性ソーダの使用量を最少として、最も低コストとなる当量比を定めたものである。   The database satisfies the required acid gas removal performance and determines the equivalent cost ratio with the lowest cost by using the least amount of caustic soda.

このデータベースから導かれる当量比に設定して、苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する。   By setting the equivalence ratio derived from this database, the supply amount of caustic soda is calculated.

上流側酸性ガス濃度の計測値であるＨＣｌ濃度とＳＯ2濃度との組み合わせ条件ごとに、設定すべき苛性ソーダの当量比を予め定めてあるデータベースの一例を、下記表１に示す。 Table 1 below shows an example of a database in which the equivalent ratio of caustic soda to be set is predetermined for each combination condition of the HCl concentration and the SO 2 concentration, which are measured values of the upstream acidic gas concentration.

Figure 2016140837
Figure 2016140837

表１に示すように、ＨＣｌ濃度とＳＯ2濃度との組み合わせ条件ごとに、設定すべき苛性ソーダの当量比を予め定めておき、その当量比とするように苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する。 As shown in Table 1, for each combination condition of HCl concentration and SO 2 concentration, an equivalent ratio of caustic soda to be set is determined in advance, and the supply amount of caustic soda is calculated so as to be the equivalent ratio.

例えば、ＨＣｌ濃度が１００ｐｐｍ以上５００ｐｐｍ未満で、かつＳＯ2濃度が５０ｐｐｍ以上５００ｐｐｍ未満の場合には、苛性ソーダの当量比を０．７とする。 For example, when the HCl concentration is 100 ppm or more and less than 500 ppm and the SO 2 concentration is 50 ppm or more and less than 500 ppm, the equivalent ratio of caustic soda is set to 0.7.

また、酸性ガス濃度が所定の下限値未満の場合には、苛性ソーダの供給を行なわず、消石灰のみを供給する。   Further, when the acid gas concentration is less than the predetermined lower limit value, only slaked lime is supplied without supplying caustic soda.

上記表１においては、ＨＣｌ濃度が１００ｐｐｍ未満かつＳＯ2濃度が５０ｐｐｍ未満の場合には、消石灰による酸性ガス除去工程のみが行なわれる。 In Table 1 above, when the HCl concentration is less than 100 ppm and the SO 2 concentration is less than 50 ppm, only the acid gas removal step by slaked lime is performed.

上述したように本実施形態においては、苛性ソーダによる酸性ガス除去工程と消石灰による酸性ガス除去工程とによって酸性ガスが除去される。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the acid gas is removed by the acid gas removal step using caustic soda and the acid gas removal step using slaked lime.

苛性ソーダによる酸性ガス除去工程では、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の計測値に基づき、上記のように予め定めたデータベースにより当量比を定め、フィードフォワード制御して、苛性ソーダ供給量を制御する。   In the acid gas removal process using caustic soda, the equivalence ratio is determined based on the database determined in advance based on the measured acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas by the upstream acid gas concentration meter, feedforward control is performed, and the amount of caustic soda supplied To control.

消石灰による酸性ガス除去工程においては、制御された量の消石灰を供給して、排ガス中酸性ガスの排出規制値を充たすように酸性ガスを確実に除去することができる。   In the acidic gas removal step by slaked lime, a controlled amount of slaked lime is supplied, and the acidic gas can be reliably removed so as to satisfy the emission regulation value of acidic gas in exhaust gas.

このように粉末アルカリ剤として消石灰が用いられる場合、消石灰供給制御は、次のようになされる。   Thus, when slaked lime is used as a powder alkali agent, slaked lime supply control is made as follows.

上流側酸性ガス濃度の測定値と上記のように定めた苛性ソーダの当量比とから、上記のように苛性ソーダ供給量を制御して苛性ソーダによる酸性ガス除去工程が行われた後に残存して反応塔から排出される排ガス中の酸性ガスのＨＣｌ濃度とＳＯ2濃度を算出する。これを残存酸性ガス濃度という。一方、煙突から排出される排ガス中の酸性ガス濃度の目標値（規制値に基づき設定される）が設定されている。残存酸性ガス濃度のＨＣｌとＳＯ2と反応して目標値以下に低減させるために必要な消石灰量を算出する。これをフィードフォワード制御による供給量の制御という。 From the measured value of the upstream acidic gas concentration and the equivalent ratio of caustic soda determined as described above, the caustic soda supply amount is controlled as described above, and the acid gas removal step using caustic soda is performed and then remains from the reaction tower. The HCl concentration and SO 2 concentration of the acid gas in the exhaust gas discharged are calculated. This is called residual acid gas concentration. On the other hand, a target value (set based on the regulation value) of the acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney is set. The amount of slaked lime required to react with HCl and SO 2 having a residual acid gas concentration to reduce it to a target value or less is calculated. This is called supply amount control by feedforward control.

さらに、下流側酸性ガス濃度計によるＨＣｌ濃度とＳＯ2濃度の測定値に応じて、フィードフォワード制御による供給量を増減して消石灰供給量を定める。これをフィードフォワード制御にフィードバック制御を組み合わせた供給量の制御という。 Furthermore, in accordance with the measured values of the HCl concentration and the SO 2 concentration by downstream acid gas concentration meter, determining the slaked lime supply amount by increasing or decreasing the amount of supply by the feed forward control. This is called supply amount control in which feedback control is combined with feedforward control.

このように、苛性ソーダおよび消石灰の供給量を制御することによって、煙突から排出される排ガス中の塩化水素濃度および二酸化硫黄濃度を常に目標濃度以下に維持することができ、焼却炉から排出される排ガス中の塩化水素濃度および二酸化硫黄濃度が変動しても、安定してこれらを低減することができる。   Thus, by controlling the supply amount of caustic soda and slaked lime, the hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney can always be kept below the target concentration, and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator Even if the hydrogen chloride concentration and sulfur dioxide concentration in the medium fluctuate, these can be stably reduced.

［比較例1、２］
比較例１、２として、焼却炉、ボイラ、エコノマイザ、ガス冷却塔、バグフィルタで構成されるごみ焼却炉設備において排ガス量１０，０００Ｎｍ３／ｈで酸性ガス除去処理を行い、運転条件と結果を表２に示す。薬剤は２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液と高反応性消石灰を用いた。エコノマイザ出口で温度２９０〜３１５℃の排ガスに、ガス冷却塔で減温水と２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液を噴霧し冷却した。２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液と消石灰の供給量は酸性ガス濃度測定値に応じた制御を行わず、それぞれ１５ｋｇ／ｈ、５ｋｇ／ｈの一定量で供給した。比較例１はエコノマイザ出口での酸性ガス濃度の変動が小さい場合であり、バグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度を目標値（１０ｐｐｍ）まで低減できた。しかし、比較例２のエコノマイザ出口での酸性ガス濃度の変動が大きい場合には、バグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度が目標値を上回り酸性ガスを十分に除去できなかった。
［実施例1、２］
実施例１、２として、図１の構成のごみ焼却炉設備において排ガス量１０，０００Ｎｍ３／ｈで酸性ガス除去処理を行い、運転条件と結果を表３に示す。薬剤は２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液と高反応消石灰を用いた。エコノマイザ出口温度をバグフィルタにおける酸性ガス除去に適した１６０℃まで低下させた後、反応塔で２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液のみを噴霧した。２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量を上流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値に基づきフィードフォワード制御により制御した。消石灰の供給量を上流側酸性ガス濃度計および下流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値に基づき、フィードフォワード制御およびフィードバック制御の併用制御により制御した。実施例１はエコノマイザ出口での酸性ガス濃度の変動が小さい場合であり、バグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度を目標値（１０ｐｐｍ）まで低減できた。さらに、比較例1と比較してボイラおよびエコノマイザにおける排熱回収量を約３０％向上させることができた。 [Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
As Comparative Examples 1 and 2, acid gas removal treatment was performed at an exhaust gas amount of 10,000 Nm 3 / h in a waste incinerator facility composed of an incinerator, boiler, economizer, gas cooling tower, and bag filter. It shows in Table 2. The drug used was a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and highly reactive slaked lime. The exhaust gas having a temperature of 290 to 315 ° C. was sprayed with cooled water and a 24% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide in a gas cooling tower to cool the exhaust gas. The supply amounts of the 24% caustic soda aqueous solution and slaked lime were not controlled according to the measured value of the acid gas concentration, but were supplied at a fixed amount of 15 kg / h and 5 kg / h, respectively. Comparative Example 1 is a case where the fluctuation of the acid gas concentration at the economizer outlet is small, and the acid gas concentration at the bag filter outlet can be reduced to the target value (10 ppm). However, when the variation of the acid gas concentration at the economizer outlet of Comparative Example 2 was large, the acid gas concentration at the bag filter outlet exceeded the target value, and the acid gas could not be sufficiently removed.
[Examples 1 and 2]
As Examples 1 and 2, acid gas removal treatment was performed at an exhaust gas amount of 10,000 Nm 3 / h in the waste incinerator facility configured as shown in FIG. 1, and the operating conditions and results are shown in Table 3. The drug used was a 24% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and highly reactive slaked lime. After the economizer outlet temperature was lowered to 160 ° C. suitable for acid gas removal in the bag filter, only a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was sprayed in the reaction tower. The supply amount of the 24% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was controlled by feedforward control based on the measured value of the upstream acid gas concentration meter. The supply amount of slaked lime was controlled by combined control of feedforward control and feedback control based on the measured values of the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the downstream acid gas concentration meter. Example 1 was a case where the variation of the acid gas concentration at the economizer outlet was small, and the acid gas concentration at the bag filter outlet could be reduced to the target value (10 ppm). Furthermore, compared with Comparative Example 1, the amount of exhaust heat recovered in the boiler and the economizer could be improved by about 30%.

実施例２のエコノマイザ出口での酸性ガス濃度の変動が大きい場合にも、バグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度を目標値（１０ｐｐｍ）まで低減できた。実施例２における薬剤使用量は比較例２と同程度であるが、酸性ガス濃度の変動が大きい場合でも酸性ガスを十分に除去できた。さらに、比較例２と比較してボイラおよびエコノマイザにおける排熱回収量を約３０％向上させることができた。   Even when the variation in the acid gas concentration at the economizer outlet of Example 2 was large, the acid gas concentration at the bag filter outlet could be reduced to the target value (10 ppm). The amount of the chemical used in Example 2 was almost the same as that in Comparative Example 2, but the acidic gas could be sufficiently removed even when the variation of the acidic gas concentration was large. Furthermore, compared with the comparative example 2, the amount of exhaust heat recovery in a boiler and an economizer could be improved by about 30%.

このように、本発明の酸性ガス除去処理を行うことにより、酸性ガス濃度の変動が大きい場合でも酸性ガスを十分に除去でき、さらに、ボイラおよびエコノマイザにおける排熱回収量を向上させることができることを確認した。   Thus, by performing the acid gas removal treatment of the present invention, the acid gas can be sufficiently removed even when the fluctuation of the acid gas concentration is large, and further, the amount of exhaust heat recovery in the boiler and the economizer can be improved. confirmed.

Figure 2016140837
Figure 2016140837

Figure 2016140837
Figure 2016140837

［実施例３、実施例４］
実施例３として、図４の構成のごみ焼却炉設備において排ガス量１０，０００Ｎｍ３／ｈで苛性ソーダ水溶液と高反応性消石灰を用い酸性ガス除去処理を行い、運転条件と結果を表４に示す。上流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値に基づきフィードフォワード制御により苛性ソーダの供給量を制御し、さらにエコノマイザ出口温度と反応塔出口温度の測定値に基づき反応塔出口温度が１６０℃となるように苛性ソーダ水溶液濃度を制御した。消石灰の供給量を上流側酸性ガス濃度計および下流側酸性ガス濃度計の測定値に基づき、フィードフォワード制御およびフィードバック制御の併用制御により制御した。実施例４では同じごみ焼却炉設備において２４％苛性ソーダ水溶液と高反応性消石灰を用い、それぞれの供給量の制御は行わず１５ｋｇ／ｈ、６ｋｇ／ｈの一定量で供給した。 [Example 3, Example 4]
As Example 3, acid gas removal treatment was performed using an aqueous caustic soda solution and highly reactive slaked lime at an exhaust gas amount of 10,000 Nm 3 / h in the waste incinerator facility configured as shown in FIG. 4. Table 4 shows the operating conditions and results. The amount of caustic soda supplied is controlled by feedforward control based on the measured value of the upstream acid gas concentration meter, and the aqueous solution of caustic soda is 160 ° C. based on the measured values of the economizer outlet temperature and the reaction tower outlet temperature. Concentration was controlled. The supply amount of slaked lime was controlled by combined control of feedforward control and feedback control based on the measured values of the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the downstream acid gas concentration meter. In Example 4, 24% caustic soda aqueous solution and highly reactive slaked lime were used in the same waste incinerator facility, and the supplied amounts were not controlled, and were supplied at a fixed amount of 15 kg / h and 6 kg / h.

実施例３では、バグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度を目標値（１０ｐｐｍ）以下にまで低減できた。エコノマイザ出口での酸性ガス濃度の変動が小さい場合には、実施例４でもバグフィルタ出口での酸性ガス濃度を目標値（１０ｐｐｍ）以下にまで低減でき、実施例３と実施例４におけるボイラおよびエコノマイザにおける排熱回収量は同程度であったが、実施例３では苛性ソーダ水溶液と消石灰の使用量を実施例４に比べて低減することができるため、さらに好ましい。   In Example 3, the acidic gas concentration at the bag filter outlet could be reduced to a target value (10 ppm) or less. In the case where the fluctuation of the acid gas concentration at the economizer outlet is small, the acid gas concentration at the bag filter outlet can also be reduced to the target value (10 ppm) or less in the fourth embodiment, and the boiler and the economizer in the third and fourth embodiments. Although the amount of exhaust heat recovered at the same level in Example 3, the amount of caustic soda aqueous solution and slaked lime used in Example 3 can be reduced as compared with Example 4, which is more preferable.

Figure 2016140837
Figure 2016140837

１ 焼却炉
１Ａ ボイラ
２ 煙突
３ 排ガス煙道
４ エコノマイザ
５ 反応塔
５Ａ 拡管部
６ 集塵装置
８ 苛性ソーダ供給装置
９ 粉末アルカリ剤供給装置
１０ 制御装置
１０Ａ 苛性ソーダ供給制御部
１０Ｂ 粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部
１１ 上流側酸性ガス濃度計
１２ 下流側酸性ガス濃度計
２０ 制御装置
２０Ａ 苛性ソーダ供給制御部
２０Ｂ 苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部
３０ 第一制御装置
３０Ａ 苛性ソーダ供給量算出部
３０Ｂ 粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部
４０ 第二制御装置
４０Ａ 苛性ソーダ供給制御部
４０Ｂ 苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator 1A Boiler 2 Chimney 3 Exhaust gas flue 4 Economizer 5 Reaction tower 5A Tube expansion part 6 Dust collector 8 Caustic soda supply apparatus 9 Powder alkali agent supply apparatus 10 Control apparatus 10A Caustic soda supply control part 10B Powder alkali agent supply control part 11 Upstream Side Acid Gas Concentration Meter 12 Downstream Side Acid Gas Concentration Meter 20 Control Device 20A Caustic Soda Supply Control Unit 20B Caustic Soda Spray Control Unit 30 First Control Device 30A Caustic Soda Supply Amount Calculation Unit 30B Powder Alkali Agent Supply Control Unit 40 Second Control Device 40A Caustic Soda Supply control unit 40B Caustic soda spray control unit

Claims (10)

ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和することを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 In the exhaust gas treatment device for removing acid gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device that supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
The economizer receives and recovers heat from the exhaust gas from the boiler and lowers the exhaust gas temperature to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and acid gas,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector, and neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 In the exhaust gas treatment device for removing acid gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A control device including a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent from the powder alkaline agent supply device;
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector,
The economizer receives and recovers heat from the exhaust gas from the boiler and lowers the exhaust gas temperature to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and acid gas,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
The caustic soda supply control unit controls the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter,
The powder alkaline agent supply control unit is based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, and the relationship between the supply amount of the powder alkali agent corresponding to the measurement value is predetermined. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus is controlled to an amount derived from the exhaust gas treatment apparatus. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部は、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 In the exhaust gas treatment device for removing acid gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A control device having a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spray device;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler, recovers heat, lowers the exhaust gas temperature,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
The caustic soda supply control unit is arranged in the caustic soda supply device so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. Control the supply amount of caustic soda solution and the concentration of caustic soda solution,
The caustic soda spray controller controls the caustic soda spray so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction part based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply controller and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured by the thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus that controls spraying conditions of the apparatus. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理装置において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する苛性ソーダ供給量算出部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた第一制御装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ噴霧装置へ供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた第二制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザは、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部は、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置は、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
第一制御装置は、苛性ソーダ供給量算出部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ供給量を、該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に算出し、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め求められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
第二制御装置は、苛性ソーダ供給制御部が、第一制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部により算出された供給量で苛性ソーダを供給し、かつ、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と排ガスの酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。 In the exhaust gas treatment device for removing acid gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A first control device including a caustic soda supply amount calculation unit for calculating the supply amount of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a powder alkali agent supply control unit for controlling a powder alkali agent supply amount from the powder alkali agent supply device;
A second control device comprising a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device to the caustic soda spraying device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling the spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spraying device; ,
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler, recovers heat, lowers the exhaust gas temperature,
The reaction unit receives an aqueous caustic soda solution from the caustic soda supply device and neutralizes at least a part of the acidic gas,
The powder alkali agent supply device neutralizes the remainder of the acid gas by supplying the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector,
In the first control device, the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit is an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value by the caustic soda supply device based on the measured value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply control unit previously calculates the powder alkali agent supply amount corresponding to the measurement value. Control to the amount derived from the desired relationship,
In the second control device, the caustic soda supply control unit supplies caustic soda at the supply amount calculated by the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit of the first control device, and reacts based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. To control the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas of the exhaust gas, the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device are controlled,
Spray conditions in the caustic soda spray control section so that spray particles evaporate in the reaction section based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control section, and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured with a thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus that controls the exhaust gas. 反応部は反応塔であることとする請求項１ないし請求項４のうちの一つに記載の排ガス処理装置。   The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction section is a reaction tower. 反応部は、煙道を部分的に拡径した拡管部として形成されていることとする請求項１ないし請求項４のうちの一つに記載の排ガス処理装置。   The exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction part is formed as an expanded pipe part in which the diameter of the flue is partially enlarged. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acid gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device that supplies the powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
With an economizer, the exhaust gas from the boiler is received and heat recovered, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas,
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
An exhaust gas treatment method comprising: supplying a powder alkali agent to exhaust gas between a reaction part and a dust collector and neutralizing the remainder of the acid gas in a powder alkali agent supply apparatus. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置からの苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収すると共に排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲に低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部は、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acid gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A control device including a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the caustic soda aqueous solution from the caustic soda supply device and a powder alkaline agent supply control unit for controlling the supply amount of the powder alkaline agent from the powder alkaline agent supply device;
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector,
With an economizer, the exhaust gas from the boiler is received and heat recovered, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acid gas,
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the caustic soda supply control unit, based on the measured value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter, the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount is controlled to an amount derived from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measured value,
The powder alkaline agent supply control unit is based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, and the relationship between the supply amount of the powder alkali agent corresponding to the measurement value is predetermined. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling to an amount derived from the exhaust gas. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
苛性ソーダ供給制御部で、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように苛性ソーダ噴霧装置の噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acid gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A control device having a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spray device;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature.
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the caustic soda supply control unit, based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer, in the caustic soda supply device so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the reaction unit is in a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the alkaline powder and acid gas. Control the supply amount of caustic soda solution and the concentration of caustic soda solution,
The caustic soda spray controller controls the caustic soda spray so that the spray particles evaporate in the reaction unit based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply controller and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured by the thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling spray conditions of the apparatus. ボイラを備えた焼却炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる酸性ガスを除去する排ガス処理方法において、
ボイラからの排ガスを煙突に向け下流側に導く排ガス煙道に、下流側に向け順次設けられたエコノマイザ、反応部、集塵装置と、
反応部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を供給する苛性ソーダ供給装置と、
反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給する粉末アルカリ剤供給装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受けてこれを反応部へ噴霧粒として噴霧供給する苛性ソーダ噴霧装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から供給される苛性ソーダの供給量を算出する苛性ソーダ供給量算出部及び粉末アルカリ剤供給装置からの粉末アルカリ剤供給量を制御する粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部を備えた第一制御装置と、
苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ噴霧装置へ供給される苛性ソーダ水溶液の供給量と濃度を制御する苛性ソーダ供給制御部、そして苛性ソーダ噴霧装置で噴霧する噴霧条件を制御する苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部を備えた第二制御装置と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する上流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
集塵装置よりも下流側で排ガスの酸性ガス濃度を測定する下流側酸性ガス濃度計と、
エコノマイザと反応部との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部入口温度計、反応部内部の排ガスの温度を測定する反応部内部温度計及び反応部と集塵装置との間で排ガスの温度を測定する反応部出口温度計のうち少なくとも一つの温度計とを有し、
エコノマイザで、ボイラからの排ガスを受け熱回収し排ガス温度を低下させ、
反応部で、苛性ソーダ供給装置から苛性ソーダ水溶液を受け酸性ガスの少なくとも一部を中和し、
粉末アルカリ剤供給装置で、反応部と集塵装置の間で排ガスに粉末アルカリ剤を供給し酸性ガスの残部を中和し、
第一制御装置で、苛性ソーダ供給量算出部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計による測定値に基づき、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ供給量を、該測定値に対応して予め定められた関係から導かれる量に算出し、粉末アルカリ剤供給制御部が、上流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値と下流側酸性ガス濃度計からの測定値に基づき、粉末アルカリ剤供給量を該測定値に対応して予め求められた関係から導かれる量に制御し、
第二制御装置で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部が、第一制御装置の苛性ソーダ供給量算出部により算出された供給量で苛性ソーダを供給し、かつ、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値に基づき、反応部出口での排ガス温度を粉末アルカリ剤と排ガスの酸性ガスとの反応に適した温度範囲にするように、苛性ソーダ供給装置における苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量そして苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度を制御し、
苛性ソーダ噴霧制御部で、苛性ソーダ供給制御部により定められる苛性ソーダ水溶液供給量と苛性ソーダ水溶液の濃度と、温度計で測定された排ガス温度測定値とに基づき、噴霧粒が反応部内で蒸発するように噴霧条件を制御することを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 In an exhaust gas treatment method for removing acid gas contained in exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator equipped with a boiler,
An economizer, a reaction unit, a dust collector, which are sequentially installed downstream, in an exhaust gas flue that guides exhaust gas from the boiler toward the chimney downstream
A caustic soda supply device for supplying an aqueous caustic soda solution to the reaction section;
A powder alkali agent supply device for supplying a powder alkali agent to the exhaust gas between the reaction unit and the dust collector;
A caustic soda spraying device that receives an aqueous solution of caustic soda from the caustic soda supply device and sprays it as spray particles to the reaction section; and
A first control device including a caustic soda supply amount calculation unit for calculating the supply amount of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device, and a powder alkali agent supply control unit for controlling a powder alkali agent supply amount from the powder alkali agent supply device;
A second control device comprising a caustic soda supply control unit for controlling the supply amount and concentration of the aqueous solution of caustic soda supplied from the caustic soda supply device to the caustic soda spraying device, and a caustic soda spray control unit for controlling the spray conditions for spraying with the caustic soda spraying device; ,
An upstream acid gas concentration meter for measuring the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction section;
A downstream acid gas concentration meter that measures the acid gas concentration of the exhaust gas downstream of the dust collector;
The reaction part inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas between the economizer and the reaction part, the reaction part internal thermometer that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas inside the reaction part, and the temperature of the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector Having at least one thermometer out of the reaction section outlet thermometer to be measured,
The economizer receives the exhaust gas from the boiler and recovers heat to lower the exhaust gas temperature.
In the reaction section, the aqueous caustic soda solution is received from the caustic soda supply device and at least a part of the acid gas is neutralized.
In the powder alkali agent supply device, the powder alkali agent is supplied to the exhaust gas between the reaction part and the dust collector to neutralize the remainder of the acid gas,
In the first control device, the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit derives the caustic soda supply amount in the caustic soda supply device from a predetermined relationship corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value by the upstream acid gas concentration meter. Based on the measurement value from the upstream acid gas concentration meter and the measurement value from the downstream acid gas concentration meter, the powder alkali agent supply control unit previously calculates the powder alkali agent supply amount corresponding to the measurement value. Control to the amount derived from the desired relationship,
In the second control device, the caustic soda supply control unit supplies caustic soda at the supply amount calculated by the caustic soda supply amount calculation unit of the first control device, and reacts based on the exhaust gas temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer. To control the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet to a temperature range suitable for the reaction between the powder alkali agent and the acidic gas of the exhaust gas, the supply amount of the caustic soda solution and the concentration of the caustic soda solution in the caustic soda supply device are controlled,
Spray conditions in the caustic soda spray control section so that spray particles evaporate in the reaction section based on the caustic soda aqueous solution supply amount and caustic soda aqueous solution concentration determined by the caustic soda supply control section, and the exhaust gas temperature measured value measured with a thermometer. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by controlling the exhaust gas.
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