JP2016129439A - Electric motor and electric equipment having the same - Google Patents

Electric motor and electric equipment having the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2016129439A
JP2016129439A JP2013092352A JP2013092352A JP2016129439A JP 2016129439 A JP2016129439 A JP 2016129439A JP 2013092352 A JP2013092352 A JP 2013092352A JP 2013092352 A JP2013092352 A JP 2013092352A JP 2016129439 A JP2016129439 A JP 2016129439A
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Prior art keywords
iron core
bearing
electric motor
shaft
rotor
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宏昭 川崎
Hiroaki Kawasaki
宏昭 川崎
圭策 中野
Keisaku Nakano
圭策 中野
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Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
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Priority to JP2013092352A priority Critical patent/JP2016129439A/en
Priority to CN201490000608.8U priority patent/CN205029472U/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/002230 priority patent/WO2014174826A1/en
Publication of JP2016129439A publication Critical patent/JP2016129439A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H02K1/30—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures using intermediate parts, e.g. spiders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
    • H02K11/012—Shields associated with rotating parts, e.g. rotor cores or rotary shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that the shaft voltage between an outer ring and an inner ring of a bearing contains high frequency components caused by switching, and when the shaft voltage reaches a dielectric breakdown voltage of oil film inside the bearing, minute current flows in the bearing and thus electric corrosion occurs in the bearing, so that progression of electric corrosion induces a wavy abrasion phenomenon in the bearing inner ring, the bearing outer ring or a bearing ball, and brings abnormal sounds.SOLUTION: A rotor of an electric motor has an outer iron core constituting an outer peripheral portion of the rotor, an inner iron core constituting an inner peripheral portion fastened to a shaft, and an insulation layer which is disposed between the outer iron core and the inner iron core and comprises a dielectric material, and the electrostatic capacitance between the outer iron core and the inner iron core can be adjusted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電動機およびそれを備えた電気機器に関し、特に、軸受の電食の発生を抑制するように改良された電動機およびそれを備えた電気機器に関する。   The present invention relates to an electric motor and an electric device including the electric motor, and more particularly to an electric motor improved so as to suppress the occurrence of electric corrosion of a bearing and an electric device including the electric motor.

電動機はパルス幅変調（Ｐｕｌｓｅ Ｗｉｄｔｈ Ｍｏｄｕｌａｔｉｏｎ）方式（以下、ＰＷＭ方式という）のインバータにより駆動する方式を採用するケースが多くなってきている。こうしたＰＷＭ方式のインバータ駆動の場合、巻線の中性点電位が零とならないため、軸受の外輪と内輪間に電位差（以下、軸電圧という）を発生させる。   In many cases, electric motors employ a system driven by an inverter of a pulse width modulation system (hereinafter referred to as a PWM system). In such PWM inverter drive, the neutral point potential of the winding does not become zero, and therefore a potential difference (hereinafter referred to as shaft voltage) is generated between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing.

軸電圧は、スイッチングによる高周波成分を含んでおり、軸電圧が軸受内部の油膜の絶縁破壊電圧に達すると、軸受内部に微小電流が流れ軸受内部に電食が発生する。電食が進行した場合、軸受内輪、軸受外輪または軸受ボールに波状摩耗現象が発生して異常音に至ることがあり、電動機における不具合の主要因の１つとなっている。   The shaft voltage includes a high-frequency component due to switching. When the shaft voltage reaches the dielectric breakdown voltage of the oil film inside the bearing, a minute current flows inside the bearing and electric corrosion occurs inside the bearing. When electrolytic corrosion progresses, a wavy wear phenomenon may occur in the bearing inner ring, the bearing outer ring or the bearing ball, resulting in abnormal noise, which is one of the main causes of problems in the motor.

このような不具合を抑制するため、従来、電食を抑制するための技術が提案されている。例えば、特許文献１では、回転子に誘電体層を設けることで軸電圧を低くし、電食の発生を抑制している。   In order to suppress such problems, conventionally, techniques for suppressing electric corrosion have been proposed. For example, in patent document 1, the axial voltage is lowered by providing a dielectric layer on the rotor, and the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion is suppressed.

しかしながら、特許文献１のような手法では、誘電体層による静電容量を利用して軸受の内輪に誘起される高周波電圧を抑制できるものの、適切な軸電圧となるように設定するには限度があった。   However, in the method as disclosed in Patent Document 1, although the high frequency voltage induced in the inner ring of the bearing can be suppressed by using the electrostatic capacitance of the dielectric layer, there is a limit in setting it to an appropriate shaft voltage. there were.

すなわち、誘電体層による静電容量を柔軟に変更可能であれば、適切な軸電圧を設定できる。また、静電容量を変更するには、両鉄心間の距離を変更することで絶縁樹脂の厚さを変更する、または両鉄心の軸方向の長さを変更することにより、両鉄心の対向面積を変更することなどにより可能である。また、誘電体層を形成する絶縁樹脂の誘電率を変更することによっても静電容量は変更可能である。   That is, if the electrostatic capacitance by the dielectric layer can be changed flexibly, an appropriate shaft voltage can be set. To change the capacitance, change the distance between the two cores to change the thickness of the insulating resin, or change the axial length of the two cores, so It is possible by changing The capacitance can also be changed by changing the dielectric constant of the insulating resin forming the dielectric layer.

ところが、電気機器用の電動機の大きさは電気機器ごとにほぼ決められており、従って回転子の大きさも一般的に標準化されており、その寸法を大きく変更することは困難である。鉄心の形状なども変更するためには金型の変更が必要となるため柔軟に変更することは困難であり、また、磁石のヨークに用いる外側鉄心の軸方向の長さは電動機の効率などの特性に影響し、軸に締結する内側鉄心の軸方向長さは、回転子とシャフトの締結強度にも影響するため容易に変更することができない。   However, the size of the electric motor for the electric device is almost determined for each electric device, and therefore the size of the rotor is generally standardized, and it is difficult to greatly change the size. In order to change the shape of the iron core, it is difficult to flexibly change the mold, and the axial length of the outer iron core used for the magnet yoke depends on the efficiency of the motor. The axial length of the inner iron core that affects the characteristics and is fastened to the shaft also affects the fastening strength between the rotor and the shaft and cannot be easily changed.

また、誘電体層を形成する絶縁樹脂の誘電率を変更するには、樹脂材料の変更などが必要となるが、樹脂材料を変更すると強度など他の項目の確認などが必要となり容易に変更できないうえ、電動機を取り付けるセットによっても変化する軸電圧を、鉄心の形状や軸方向の長さを変更することなく、樹脂材料の変更のみで最適に設定するのは困難であった。このため、従来の手法では、適切な軸電圧となるように、静電容量を設定するには限度があった。   In addition, changing the dielectric constant of the insulating resin forming the dielectric layer requires changing the resin material, but changing the resin material requires confirmation of other items such as strength and cannot be easily changed. In addition, it has been difficult to optimally set the shaft voltage, which varies depending on the set to which the motor is attached, only by changing the resin material without changing the shape of the iron core and the length in the axial direction. For this reason, in the conventional method, there is a limit in setting the capacitance so that an appropriate shaft voltage is obtained.

国際公開第２００９／１１３３１１号International Publication No. 2009/113311

電動機はパルス幅変調（Ｐｕｌｓｅ Ｗｉｄｔｈ Ｍｏｄｕｌａｔｉｏｎ）方式（以下、ＰＷＭ方式という）のインバータにより駆動する方式を採用するケースが多くなってきている。こうしたＰＷＭ方式のインバータ駆動の場合、巻線の中性点電位が零とならないため、軸受の外輪と内輪間に電位差（以下、軸電圧という）を発生させる。軸電圧は、スイッチングによる高周波成分を含んでおり、軸電圧が軸受内部の油膜の絶縁破壊電圧に達すると、軸受内部に微小電流が流れ軸受内部に電食が発生する。電食が進行した場合、軸受内輪、軸受外輪または軸受ボールに波状摩耗現象が発生して異常音に至ることがあり、電動機における不具合の主要因の１つとなっている。   In many cases, electric motors employ a system driven by an inverter of a pulse width modulation system (hereinafter referred to as a PWM system). In such PWM inverter drive, the neutral point potential of the winding does not become zero, and therefore a potential difference (hereinafter referred to as shaft voltage) is generated between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing. The shaft voltage includes a high-frequency component due to switching. When the shaft voltage reaches the dielectric breakdown voltage of the oil film inside the bearing, a minute current flows inside the bearing and electric corrosion occurs inside the bearing. When electrolytic corrosion progresses, a wavy wear phenomenon may occur in the bearing inner ring, the bearing outer ring or the bearing ball, resulting in abnormal noise, which is one of the main causes of problems in the motor.

本発明の電動機は、巻線を巻装した固定子鉄心を含む固定子と、固定子に対向して周方向に永久磁石を保持した回転体と回転体の中央を貫通するように回転体を締結したシャフトとを含む回転子と、シャフトを回転自在に支持する軸受と、軸受を固定するブラケットとを備えた電動機である。本電動機の回転体は、回転体の外周部を構成する外側鉄心と、シャフトに締結された内周部を構成する内側鉄心と、外側鉄心と内側鉄心との間に配置された誘電体で構成された絶縁層を備え、外側鉄心と前記内側鉄心がもつ静電容量を、誘電体層に付属した導電体、または、静電容量調整部材により調整可能であることを特徴とすることで軸電圧を最適に設定できる。   The electric motor according to the present invention includes a stator including a stator iron core wound with a winding, a rotating body holding a permanent magnet in a circumferential direction facing the stator, and a rotating body penetrating through the center of the rotating body. An electric motor including a rotor including a fastened shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the shaft, and a bracket that fixes the bearing. The rotating body of this electric motor is composed of an outer iron core that forms the outer periphery of the rotating body, an inner iron core that forms the inner periphery fastened to the shaft, and a dielectric disposed between the outer iron core and the inner iron core. And an electrostatic capacity of the outer iron core and the inner iron core can be adjusted by a conductor attached to the dielectric layer or a capacitance adjusting member. Can be set optimally.

このような構成により、外側鉄心と内側鉄心との静電容量を容易に変更でき、適切な軸電圧となるような構成を容易に実現できる。このため、本発明の電動機によれば、軸受の電食発生を効果的に抑制することができる。   With such a configuration, it is possible to easily change the electrostatic capacitance between the outer iron core and the inner iron core, and it is possible to easily realize a configuration with an appropriate shaft voltage. For this reason, according to the electric motor of this invention, generation | occurrence | production of the electrolytic corrosion of a bearing can be suppressed effectively.

本発明の実施の形態１における電動機（ブラシレスモータ）の断面図Sectional drawing of the electric motor (brushless motor) in Embodiment 1 of this invention 同電動機の回転体の斜視図および平面図A perspective view and a plan view of the rotating body of the same motor 本発明の実施の形態２における電動機の回転体の側面断面図Side surface sectional drawing of the rotary body of the electric motor in Embodiment 2 of this invention 本発明の電動機を搭載したエアコン室内機の概略図Schematic of air conditioner indoor unit equipped with the electric motor of the present invention

以下、本発明の電動機およびそれを備えた電気機器について、図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, an electric motor of the present invention and an electric device including the same will be described with reference to the drawings.

（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１における電動機であるブラシレスモータ１００の断面を示した構造図である。本実施の形態では、電気機器に搭載される電動機としてブラシレスモータの一例を挙げて説明する。また、本実施の形態では、回転子が固定子の内周側に回転自在に配置されたインナロータ型の電動機の例を挙げて説明する。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing a cross section of a brushless motor 100 which is an electric motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, an example of a brushless motor will be described as an electric motor mounted on an electric device. In the present embodiment, an example of an inner rotor type motor in which a rotor is rotatably arranged on the inner peripheral side of a stator will be described.

図１において、固定子鉄心１１には、固定子鉄心１１を絶縁するためのインシュレータである絶縁樹脂１３が介在して、固定子巻線１２が巻装されている。そして、このような固定子鉄心１１は、他の固定部材とともに一体にモータケース１９内に固定され、外形が概略円筒状をなす固定子１０が構成されている。固定子１０は、例えばモールド材のような絶縁樹脂にて成型されているような構成であってもよい。   In FIG. 1, a stator winding 12 is wound around a stator core 11 with an insulating resin 13 as an insulator for insulating the stator core 11 interposed therebetween. Such a stator core 11 is fixed together with other fixing members in the motor case 19 to constitute a stator 10 whose outer shape is substantially cylindrical. For example, the stator 10 may be formed of an insulating resin such as a molding material.

固定子１０の内側には、空隙を介して回転子１４が挿入されている。回転子１４は、金属製の回転子鉄心２１を含む円柱状あるいは円板状の回転体２０と、回転体２０の中央を貫通するようにして回転体２０を締結したシャフト１６とを有している。回転体２０は、
固定子１０の内周側に対向して周方向に、例えばフェライト樹脂磁石やフェライト焼結磁石などの永久磁石である磁石２２を保持している。 A rotor 14 is inserted inside the stator 10 through a gap. The rotor 14 includes a columnar or disk-shaped rotating body 20 including a metal rotor core 21 and a shaft 16 to which the rotating body 20 is fastened so as to penetrate the center of the rotating body 20. Yes. The rotating body 20
A magnet 22, which is a permanent magnet such as a ferrite resin magnet or a ferrite sintered magnet, is held in the circumferential direction facing the inner peripheral side of the stator 10.

そして、詳細については以下で説明するが、回転体２０は、図１に示すように、最外周部の磁石２２から内周側のシャフト１６に向かって、外側鉄心２５、誘電体層２３、内側鉄心２６と順に配置するような構造を有している。ここで、外側鉄心２５は回転子鉄心２１の外周部を構成し、内側鉄心２６は回転子鉄心２１の内周部を構成する。図１では、回転体２０として、これらの回転子鉄心２１、誘電体層２３および磁石２２が一体成形された構成例を示している。このように、固定子１０の内周側と回転体２０の外周側とが対向するように配置されている。   Details will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating body 20 includes an outer iron core 25, a dielectric layer 23, an inner side from the outermost peripheral magnet 22 toward the inner peripheral shaft 16. The structure is arranged in order with the iron core 26. Here, the outer iron core 25 constitutes the outer periphery of the rotor iron core 21, and the inner iron core 26 constitutes the inner periphery of the rotor iron core 21. FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which the rotor core 21, the dielectric layer 23, and the magnet 22 are integrally formed as the rotor 20. In this manner, the inner peripheral side of the stator 10 and the outer peripheral side of the rotating body 20 are arranged to face each other.

回転子１４のシャフト１６には、シャフト１６を支持する２つの軸受１５が取り付けられている。軸受１５は、複数の鉄ボールを有したベアリングである。２つの軸受１５の一方は、例えばモールド樹脂などと一体成型された金属製のブラケット１７に固定され、他方は金属製のブラケット２４に固定されている。以上のような構成により、シャフト１６が２つの軸受１５に支承され、回転子１４が回転自在に回転する。   Two bearings 15 that support the shaft 16 are attached to the shaft 16 of the rotor 14. The bearing 15 is a bearing having a plurality of iron balls. One of the two bearings 15 is fixed to a metal bracket 17 integrally molded with, for example, a mold resin, and the other is fixed to a metal bracket 24. With the configuration as described above, the shaft 16 is supported by the two bearings 15, and the rotor 14 rotates freely.

さらに、このブラシレスモータ１００は、駆動回路を実装したプリント基板１８をモータケース１９内に内蔵している。プリント基板１８には、巻線の電源電圧、制御回路の電源電圧および回転数を制御する制御電圧を印加するリード線や制御回路のグランド線などの接続線が接続されている。   Further, the brushless motor 100 includes a printed circuit board 18 on which a drive circuit is mounted in a motor case 19. The printed circuit board 18 is connected to connection wires such as a lead wire for applying a power supply voltage for the winding, a power supply voltage for the control circuit, and a control voltage for controlling the rotation speed, and a ground wire for the control circuit.

以上のように構成されたブラシレスモータ１００に対して、接続線を介して各電源電圧および制御信号を供給することにより、プリント基板１８の駆動回路により固定子巻線１２が駆動される。固定子巻線１２が駆動されると、固定子巻線１２に駆動電流が流れ、固定子鉄心１１から磁界が発生する。そして、固定子鉄心１１からの磁界と回転子１４の磁石２２からの磁界とにより、それら磁界の極性に応じて吸引力および反発力が生じ、これらの力によってシャフト１６を中心に回転子１４が回転する。   By supplying each power supply voltage and control signal to the brushless motor 100 configured as described above via a connection line, the stator winding 12 is driven by the drive circuit of the printed circuit board 18. When the stator winding 12 is driven, a drive current flows through the stator winding 12 and a magnetic field is generated from the stator core 11. The magnetic field from the stator core 11 and the magnetic field from the magnet 22 of the rotor 14 produce an attractive force and a repulsive force according to the polarities of the magnetic fields, and the rotor 14 is centered around the shaft 16 by these forces. Rotate.

次に、以上のように構成されたブラシレスモータ１００における回転体２０の概要について説明する。図２は、本発明の実施の形態１における回転体２０の概観図である。図２に示すように、回転体２０は、最外周部に磁石２２を配置し、さらに内周側に向かって、回転子鉄心２１を構成する外側鉄心２５、誘電体層２３、回転子鉄心２１を構成する内側鉄心２６と順に配置されている。なお、誘電体層２３は絶縁樹脂で構成された層である。   Next, the outline | summary of the rotary body 20 in the brushless motor 100 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is an overview diagram of the rotator 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating body 20 includes a magnet 22 disposed on the outermost peripheral portion, and further toward the inner peripheral side, an outer core 25, a dielectric layer 23, and a rotor core 21 that constitute the rotor core 21. Are arranged in order with the inner iron core 26 constituting the. The dielectric layer 23 is a layer made of an insulating resin.

本実施の形態では、電食抑制用として、このような誘電体層２３を設けている。また、誘電体層２３内部には導電体２８が一体に成型されている。回転体２０はこのように磁石２２、外側鉄心２５、誘電体層２３を構成する絶縁樹脂、導電体２８、および内側鉄心２６が一体成型された構成である。   In the present embodiment, such a dielectric layer 23 is provided for the purpose of suppressing electrolytic corrosion. In addition, a conductor 28 is integrally formed in the dielectric layer 23. The rotating body 20 has a configuration in which the magnet 22, the outer iron core 25, the insulating resin constituting the dielectric layer 23, the conductor 28, and the inner iron core 26 are integrally molded.

また、内側鉄心２６の内周には、シャフト１６を挿入して締結するためのシャフト挿入孔２６ｂが形成されている。このシャフト挿入孔２６ｂにシャフト１６を挿入することで、軸受１５に支承される回転子１４が構成される。   A shaft insertion hole 26b for inserting and fastening the shaft 16 is formed on the inner periphery of the inner iron core 26. The rotor 14 supported by the bearing 15 is configured by inserting the shaft 16 into the shaft insertion hole 26b.

回転体２０において、誘電体層２３は、絶縁物である絶縁樹脂２７と導電体２８が、回転体２０において、半径方向に層をなすように構成されており、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６とは直列的に絶縁分離している。一方、誘電体層２３を構成する絶縁樹脂２７は、所定の誘電率を有した絶縁樹脂で形成されており、高周波電流は、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間を流れることができる。   In the rotating body 20, the dielectric layer 23 is configured such that an insulating resin 27 and a conductor 28 that are insulators form a layer in the radial direction in the rotating body 20, and the outer iron core 25, the inner iron core 26, and the like. Are isolated in series. On the other hand, the insulating resin 27 constituting the dielectric layer 23 is formed of an insulating resin having a predetermined dielectric constant, and a high-frequency current can flow between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26.

ところで、このような誘電体層２３を設けない場合、固定子鉄心を基準としたブラケット間のインピーダンスは高く、逆に、回転体に電気的に接続されたシャフト間のインピーダンスは低い。このようなインピーダンス成分を有した等価回路に対して、固定子鉄心などから発生したパルス幅変調の高周波電流などが流れ込むことになる。このため、ブラケットに電気的に接続された軸受の外輪と、軸受内輪側のシャフトとの間で、高周波電流による電位差が生じ、この電位差が高いと軸受に電食が生じる。   By the way, when such a dielectric layer 23 is not provided, the impedance between the brackets with respect to the stator core is high, and conversely, the impedance between the shafts electrically connected to the rotating body is low. A pulse width modulated high frequency current generated from a stator core or the like flows into an equivalent circuit having such an impedance component. For this reason, a potential difference due to a high-frequency current occurs between the outer ring of the bearing electrically connected to the bracket and the shaft on the bearing inner ring side, and if this potential difference is high, electrolytic corrosion occurs in the bearing.

本実施の形態では、このような電食の発生を抑制するため、鉄心のみで形成されたインピーダンスの低い回転体に対して、図２に示すような誘電体層２３を設けることにより、例えばブラケット１７側のインピーダンスに近似するように、回転子１４のインピーダンスを高くしている。   In the present embodiment, in order to suppress the occurrence of such electric corrosion, a dielectric layer 23 as shown in FIG. 2 is provided on a rotating body having a low impedance formed only of an iron core, for example, a bracket. The impedance of the rotor 14 is increased so as to approximate the impedance on the 17 side.

すなわち、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間に誘電体層２３を設けることで、回転子１４は、等価的に誘電体層２３による静電容量が直列接続された構成となり、回転子１４のインピーダンスを高くできる。そして、回転子１４のインピーダンスを高くすることにより、回転子１４からシャフト１６へと流れる高周波の電圧降下が大きくなるため、高周波電流によりシャフト１６に発生する電位を低くできる。   That is, by providing the dielectric layer 23 between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26, the rotor 14 is equivalently configured in such a manner that the capacitance of the dielectric layer 23 is connected in series. Impedance can be increased. By increasing the impedance of the rotor 14, the voltage drop of the high frequency flowing from the rotor 14 to the shaft 16 increases, so that the potential generated in the shaft 16 by the high frequency current can be lowered.

このような原理に基づき、本実施の形態のブラシレスモータ１００は、ブラケット１７に電気的に接続された軸受１５の外輪と、軸受１５の内輪側のシャフト１６との間での高周波電流による電位差を少なくしている。このため、軸受内輪と軸受外輪間には常に電位が低い状態で、その電位差が少なくなるようにバランスが保たれている状態となり、これによって、軸受における電食の発生を抑制している。   Based on such a principle, the brushless motor 100 according to the present embodiment generates a potential difference due to a high-frequency current between the outer ring of the bearing 15 electrically connected to the bracket 17 and the shaft 16 on the inner ring side of the bearing 15. Less. For this reason, the potential is always low between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, and the balance is maintained so as to reduce the potential difference, thereby suppressing the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion in the bearing.

次に、このような回転体２０のさらに詳細な構造について説明する。図２においては、回転体２０の外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６は概略円筒状の形状をしているが、鉄心と絶縁樹脂の締結強度を向上させるために、鉄心と絶縁樹脂が、例えば半径方向に複数個の凸部、または凹部を有しており、絶縁樹脂を介して互いにかみ合うような構成であってもよく、また、多角形の形状をしていてもよい。また、図２では外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の軸方向長さが同じ長さとなっているが、もちろん所期の特性を満たしていれば、軸方向長さが外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６とで異なっていてもよい。   Next, a more detailed structure of the rotating body 20 will be described. In FIG. 2, the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 of the rotating body 20 have a substantially cylindrical shape. However, in order to improve the fastening strength between the iron core and the insulating resin, the iron core and the insulating resin are, for example, in the radial direction. It may have a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and may be configured to mesh with each other via an insulating resin, or may have a polygonal shape. In FIG. 2, the axial lengths of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 are the same. Of course, if the desired characteristics are satisfied, the axial lengths of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 are the same. May be different.

さて、図２では、誘電体層２３はそれぞれ異なる径方向厚みを持つ外側絶縁樹脂２７ａと内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂで構成している。また、外側絶縁樹脂２７ａと内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂにはさまれるように導電体２８が一体に成型されている。外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間には所定の静電容量を有するキャパシタが形成されることになる。ちなみに、内径ａ、外形ｂ、長さＬの円筒形状の静電容量Ｃは、Ｃ＝２πεＬ／ｌｏｇ（ｂ／ａ）で表される。なおεは誘電率である。   In FIG. 2, the dielectric layer 23 is composed of an outer insulating resin 27a and an inner insulating resin 27b having different radial thicknesses. The conductor 28 is integrally molded so as to be sandwiched between the outer insulating resin 27a and the inner insulating resin 27b. A capacitor having a predetermined capacitance is formed between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26. Incidentally, the cylindrical capacitance C having an inner diameter a, an outer shape b, and a length L is expressed by C = 2πεL / log (b / a). Note that ε is a dielectric constant.

ここで、この外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間の静電容量を調整して、最適な軸電圧に近づけることを考えると、例えば外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間の静電容量を大きくする必要がある場合には、導電体２８と外側鉄心２５または内側鉄心２６を導通体部品で導通させる。導通方法は、例えば、導電体２８と外側鉄心２５とを導電体部品を介して溶接する方法がある。   Here, considering that the electrostatic capacity between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 is adjusted to approach the optimum axial voltage, for example, the electrostatic capacity between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 is reduced. When it is necessary to increase the size, the conductor 28 and the outer iron core 25 or the inner iron core 26 are made to conduct with a conductor component. As a conduction method, for example, there is a method of welding the conductor 28 and the outer iron core 25 via a conductor part.

導電体２８と外側鉄心２５または内側鉄心２６を導通させることで、誘電体層２３の厚みは実質的に小さくなるので、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間の静電容量Ｃは、上記式により、導通させない場合に比べて大きくなる。   By making the conductor 28 and the outer iron core 25 or the inner iron core 26 conductive, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is substantially reduced. Therefore, the capacitance C between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 is expressed by the above formula. Therefore, it becomes larger than the case where no conduction is made.

また、外側絶縁樹脂２７ａの径方向厚さを内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂの径方向厚さより薄く構
成し、導電体２８と外側鉄心２５を導通すれば、誘電体層２３の厚みは実質的に内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂの厚さと等価となり、導通しない場合にくらべて静電容量は大きくなる。逆に導電体２８と内側鉄心２６を導通すれば、誘電体層２３の絶縁体の厚みは実質的に外側絶縁樹脂２７ａの厚さと等価となり、導通しない場合にくらべて静電容量は大きくなるが、導電体２８と外側鉄心２５を導通した場合にくらべて、さらに静電容量を大きくすることができる。 Further, if the radial thickness of the outer insulating resin 27a is made thinner than the radial thickness of the inner insulating resin 27b, and the conductor 28 and the outer iron core 25 are electrically connected, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is substantially equal to the inner insulating resin. It is equivalent to the thickness of 27b, and the capacitance is larger than when it is not conductive. On the contrary, if the conductor 28 and the inner iron core 26 are conducted, the thickness of the insulator of the dielectric layer 23 is substantially equivalent to the thickness of the outer insulating resin 27a, and the capacitance is larger than that when the conductor 28 is not conducted. As compared with the case where the conductor 28 and the outer iron core 25 are electrically connected, the capacitance can be further increased.

以上のように、外側絶縁樹脂２７ａと内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂの厚みを適宜選択し、導電体２８と導通する鉄心を適宜選択することで、静電容量の調整が容易に可能となる。   As described above, the capacitance can be easily adjusted by appropriately selecting the thicknesses of the outer insulating resin 27a and the inner insulating resin 27b and appropriately selecting the iron core that is electrically connected to the conductor 28.

なお、導電体２８の軸方向長さは外側鉄心２５や内側鉄心２６の軸方向長さと異なる大きさで構成することや、導電体２８を複数用いて誘電体層を３つ以上に分割することや、外側絶縁樹脂２７ａと内側絶縁樹脂２７ｂにそれぞれ誘電率の異なる樹脂を用いることなどによって、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量の調整できる幅を大きくすることができる。   The conductor 28 has an axial length different from the axial length of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26, or a plurality of conductors 28 are used to divide the dielectric layer into three or more. In addition, by using resins having different dielectric constants for the outer insulating resin 27a and the inner insulating resin 27b, for example, the adjustable width of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be increased.

このように、誘電体成型金型の変更や、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の軸方向長さの変更を必要とせず、回転体２０を成型した後においても外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を調整することができるため、製造コストの増加を抑制することができる。   As described above, it is not necessary to change the dielectric molding die or the axial lengths of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26, and even after the rotary body 20 is molded, the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be statically fixed. Since the electric capacity can be adjusted, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

その際、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量をあらかじめ小さく設定しておくことが望ましい。外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を小さく設定しておくことで、外側鉄心２５と導電体２８、または、内側鉄心２６と導電体２８を導通させることにより、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量をより大きく調整し、誘電体層２３による静電容量成分によって回転子１４のインピーダンスを高くし、シャフト１６経由で軸受１５の内輪側へと流れ込む高周波電流を抑え、軸受１５の内輪側の電位を低くしている。   At this time, it is desirable to set the electrostatic capacitances of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 to be small in advance. By setting the electrostatic capacitances of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 to be small, the outer iron core 25 and the conductor 28 or the inner iron core 26 and the conductor 28 are brought into conduction, whereby the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 are made conductive. The impedance of the rotor 14 is increased by the capacitance component of the dielectric layer 23, the high-frequency current flowing into the inner ring side of the bearing 15 via the shaft 16 is suppressed, and the inner ring of the bearing 15 is adjusted. The potential on the side is lowered.

また、電食の発生をより効果的に抑制するには、軸受内輪と軸受外輪間との電位差が少なくなるようにバランスを取る必要がある。すなわち、誘電体層２３による静電容量を適切に設定することで、軸受内輪と軸受外輪間との電位差、すなわち軸電圧が最も低くなるような最適状態を得ることができる。   In order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion, it is necessary to balance the potential difference between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring. That is, by appropriately setting the electrostatic capacitance by the dielectric layer 23, it is possible to obtain an optimum state in which the potential difference between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, that is, the shaft voltage becomes the lowest.

（実施の形態２）
次に、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量をコンデンサにより調整可能とした形態を説明する。図３は、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６と絶縁樹脂２９で構成される回転子１４に、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量調整部材として、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６をコンデンサ３０で電気的に接続した構造を模式的に示す図である。 (Embodiment 2)
Next, an embodiment in which the capacitance of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be adjusted by a capacitor will be described. FIG. 3 shows a rotor 14 composed of an outer iron core 25, an inner iron core 26, and an insulating resin 29. The outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 are connected by a capacitor 30 as a capacitance adjusting member for the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26. It is a figure which shows typically the structure connected electrically.

外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６をコンデンサ３０で電気的に接続することにより、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を調整することができる。外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６に接続するコンデンサ３０を、容量を変更可能な可変コンデンサ等にすると、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量の調整が比較的容易となる。   By electrically connecting the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 with the capacitor 30, the capacitance of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be adjusted. If the capacitor 30 connected to the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 is a variable capacitor or the like whose capacity can be changed, the adjustment of the capacitance of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 becomes relatively easy.

このように、誘電体成型金型の変更や、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の軸方向長さの変更を必要とせず、回転体２０を成型した後においても外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を調整することができるため、製造コストの増加を抑制することができる。   As described above, it is not necessary to change the dielectric molding die or the axial lengths of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26, and even after the rotary body 20 is molded, the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be statically fixed. Since the electric capacity can be adjusted, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

上述したように、本実施の形態では、誘電体層２３による静電容量成分によって回転子１４のインピーダンスを高くし、シャフト１６経由で軸受１５の内輪側へと流れ込む高周波電流を抑え、軸受１５の内輪側の電位を低くしている。また、電食の発生をより効果的
に抑制するには、軸受内輪と軸受外輪間との電位差が少なくなるようにバランスを取る必要がある。すなわち、誘電体層２３による静電容量を適切に設定することで、軸受内輪と軸受外輪間との電位差、すなわち軸電圧が最も低くなるような最適状態を得ることができる。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the impedance of the rotor 14 is increased by the electrostatic capacitance component of the dielectric layer 23, the high-frequency current flowing into the inner ring side of the bearing 15 via the shaft 16 is suppressed, and the bearing 15 The potential on the inner ring side is lowered. In order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion, it is necessary to balance the potential difference between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring. That is, by appropriately setting the electrostatic capacitance by the dielectric layer 23, it is possible to obtain an optimum state in which the potential difference between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, that is, the shaft voltage becomes the lowest.

（実施の形態３）
本発明にかかる電動機を備えた電気機器の例として、エアコン室内機の構成を説明する。図４において、エアコン室内機２１０の筐体２１１内には電動機２０１が搭載されている。その電動機２０１の回転軸にはクロスフローファン２１２が取り付けられている。電動機２０１は電動機駆動装置２１３によって駆動される。電動機駆動装置２１３からの通電により、電動機２０１が回転し、それに伴いクロスフローファン２１２が回転する。そのクロスフローファン２１２の回転により、室内機用熱交換器（図示せず）によって空気調和された空気を室内に送風する。ここで、電動機２０１は、例えば、上記実施の形態１のブラシレスモータ１００が適用できる。 (Embodiment 3)
The structure of an air conditioner indoor unit will be described as an example of an electric device provided with the electric motor according to the present invention. In FIG. 4, the electric motor 201 is mounted in the housing 211 of the air conditioner indoor unit 210. A cross flow fan 212 is attached to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 201. The electric motor 201 is driven by an electric motor driving device 213. By energization from the electric motor drive device 213, the electric motor 201 rotates, and the crossflow fan 212 rotates accordingly. By the rotation of the cross flow fan 212, air conditioned by an indoor unit heat exchanger (not shown) is blown into the room. Here, for example, the brushless motor 100 of the first embodiment can be applied to the electric motor 201.

なお、上述の説明では、本発明にかかる電気機器の実施形態として、エアコン室外機、エアコン室内機などに搭載される電動機を取り上げたが、その他の各種情報機器や産業機器などに使用される電動機にも適用できることは言うまでもない。   In the above description, the electric motor mounted on the air conditioner outdoor unit, the air conditioner indoor unit, and the like has been taken up as an embodiment of the electric device according to the present invention, but the electric motor used for other various information devices, industrial devices, and the like. Needless to say, it can also be applied.

以上説明したように、本発明の電動機は、回転子１４における回転体が、回転体の外周部を構成する外側鉄心２５と、シャフトに締結された内周部を構成する内側鉄心２６と、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との間に配置され、複数の誘電体を用いた誘電体層２３とを備えており、また、上述のように外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６との静電容量を容易に変更できる構成により、適切な軸電圧となるような構成を容易に実現できる。このため、本発明の電動機によれば、軸受の電食発生を効果的に抑制することができる。   As described above, in the electric motor of the present invention, the rotating body in the rotor 14 includes the outer iron core 25 constituting the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body, the inner iron core 26 constituting the inner peripheral portion fastened to the shaft, and the outer side. It is disposed between the iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 and includes a dielectric layer 23 using a plurality of dielectrics. Further, as described above, the capacitance between the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be easily increased. With the configuration that can be changed to the above, it is possible to easily realize a configuration that provides an appropriate shaft voltage. For this reason, according to the electric motor of this invention, generation | occurrence | production of the electrolytic corrosion of a bearing can be suppressed effectively.

また、外側鉄心２５または内側鉄心２６と導電体２８を導通させる、もしくは、外側鉄心２５または内側鉄心２６をコンデンサ３０で電気的に接続することにより、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を調整することができる。このように、誘電体成型金型の変更や、外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の軸方向長さの変更を必要とせず、回転体２０を成型した後においても外側鉄心２５と内側鉄心２６の静電容量を調整することができるため、製造コストの増加を抑制することができる。   Further, by making the outer iron core 25 or the inner iron core 26 and the conductor 28 conductive, or by electrically connecting the outer iron core 25 or the inner iron core 26 with a capacitor 30, the capacitance of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be reduced. Can be adjusted. As described above, it is not necessary to change the dielectric molding die or the axial lengths of the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26, and even after the rotary body 20 is molded, the outer iron core 25 and the inner iron core 26 can be statically fixed. Since the electric capacity can be adjusted, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

以上のごとく本発明の実施形態では、内側鉄心と導電体、または、外側鉄心と導電体を導通させることにより、また、外側鉄心と内側鉄心をコンデンサで電気的に接続することで外側鉄心と内側鉄心との静電容量を容易に変えることができる。そして、このように静電容量を変えることで、軸電圧が最も低くなる最適の静電容量、すなわち、回転子側の最適のインピーダンスを得ることができるが、この構造に上述した種々の構成を組み合わせることによっても、軸受の電食発生を効果的に抑制することができることは言うまでもない。   As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outer iron core and the inner conductor are electrically connected, or the outer iron core and the conductor are electrically connected, and the outer iron core and the inner iron core are electrically connected by the capacitor. Capacitance with the iron core can be easily changed. By changing the capacitance in this way, it is possible to obtain the optimum capacitance at which the shaft voltage is the lowest, that is, the optimum impedance on the rotor side. Needless to say, the combination can also effectively suppress the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion of the bearing.

また、本発明の実施形態では例として外側鉄心に磁石を貼り付ける表面磁束型モータにて説明したが、外側鉄心に磁石を埋設する磁石埋め込み型モータにおいても、固定子の外側に回転子が配置されるモータにおいても同様の効果が得られることは言うまでもない。   In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface magnetic flux type motor in which the magnet is attached to the outer iron core is described as an example. However, in the magnet embedded motor in which the magnet is embedded in the outer iron core, the rotor is disposed outside the stator. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained in the motor used.

本発明の電動機は、軸電圧を減少させることが可能であり、軸受の電食発生を効果的に抑制することができる。このため、主に電動機の低価格化および高寿命化が要望される機器で、例えばエアコン室内機、エアコン室外機などに搭載される電動機に有効である。   The electric motor of the present invention can reduce the shaft voltage and can effectively suppress the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion of the bearing. For this reason, it is effective for motors mounted on air conditioner indoor units, air conditioner outdoor units, etc., for example, mainly for devices that are required to reduce the price and increase the life of motors.

１０ 固定子
１１ 固定子鉄心
１２ 固定子巻線
１３ 絶縁樹脂
１４ 回転子
１５ 軸受
１６ シャフト
１７ ブラケット
１８ プリント基板
１９ モータケース
２０ 回転体
２１ 回転子鉄心
２２ 磁石
２３ 誘電体層
２４ ブラケット
２５ 外側鉄心
２６ 内側鉄心
２６ｂ シャフト挿入孔
２７、２９ 絶縁樹脂
２７ａ 外側絶縁樹脂
２７ｂ 内側絶縁樹脂
２８ 導電体
３０ コンデンサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Stator 11 Stator iron core 12 Stator winding 13 Insulation resin 14 Rotor 15 Bearing 16 Shaft 17 Bracket 18 Printed circuit board 19 Motor case 20 Rotor 21 Rotor iron core 22 Magnet 23 Dielectric layer 24 Bracket 25 Outer iron core 26 Inside Iron core 26b Shaft insertion hole 27, 29 Insulating resin 27a Outer insulating resin 27b Inner insulating resin 28 Conductor 30 Capacitor

Claims (9)

巻線を巻装した固定子鉄心を含む固定子と、前記固定子に対向して周方向に永久磁石を保持した回転体と前記回転体の中央を貫通するように前記回転体を締結したシャフトとを含む回転子と、前記シャフトを回転自在に支持する軸受と、前記軸受を固定するブラケットとを備えた電動機であって、
前記回転体は、前記回転体の外周部を構成する外側鉄心と、前記シャフトに締結された内周部を構成する内側鉄心と、前記外側鉄心と前記内側鉄心との間に配置された誘電体層とを備えており、前記外側鉄心と前記内側鉄心との間の静電容量を調整可能にしたことを特徴とする電動機。 A stator including a stator core around which windings are wound, a rotating body facing the stator and holding a permanent magnet in a circumferential direction, and a shaft in which the rotating body is fastened so as to pass through the center of the rotating body Including a rotor, a bearing that rotatably supports the shaft, and a bracket that fixes the bearing,
The rotating body includes an outer iron core constituting an outer peripheral portion of the rotating body, an inner iron core constituting an inner peripheral portion fastened to the shaft, and a dielectric disposed between the outer iron core and the inner iron core. A motor, wherein an electrostatic capacity between the outer iron core and the inner iron core is adjustable. 前記誘電体層を半径方向に分割するような導電体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 1, further comprising a conductor that divides the dielectric layer in a radial direction. 前記誘電体を複数備えたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 2, comprising a plurality of the dielectrics. 分割された前記導電体のそれぞれの半径方向の厚みが異なることを特徴とする請求項２または３に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 2, wherein each of the divided conductors has a different thickness in the radial direction. 分割された前記誘電体は少なくとも２種類以上の誘電率の樹脂で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項２または３に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 2, wherein the divided dielectric is made of at least two types of resins having a dielectric constant. 前記導電体と前記外側鉄心または前記内側鉄心を導通したことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the conductor and the outer iron core or the inner iron core are electrically connected. 前記外側鉄心と前記内側鉄心をコンデンサで導通したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the outer iron core and the inner iron core are connected by a capacitor. 前記コンデンサが可変コンデンサであることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の電動機。 The electric motor according to claim 7, wherein the capacitor is a variable capacitor. 請求項１〜８に記載の電動機を備えた電気機器。 An electric device comprising the electric motor according to claim 1.
JP2013092352A 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 Electric motor and electric equipment having the same Pending JP2016129439A (en)

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