JP2015527283A - 統合された電気分解槽および炭化水素ガス化反応器からの水素製造 - Google Patents
統合された電気分解槽および炭化水素ガス化反応器からの水素製造 Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/007—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 in the presence of hydrogen from a special source or of a special composition or having been purified by a special treatment
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
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Abstract
Description
2H+(aq)+2e−→H2(g)(カソード) (1)
4OH−(aq)→(2H2O+O2(g)+4e−(アノード) (2)
nは移動電子の数である;および
Fは96,485Cであるファラデー定数である〕
によって表されるように、標準条件下で電解の操業開始のための最低限必要なセル電圧(E0 cell)が与えられる。
a.水を電解槽へ導入し、および電解槽を外部電源で操作して酸素および水素を製造する工程;
b.炭化水素原料を、外部蒸気源、任意に灰分源、および電解槽から製造された酸素と共に壁膜ガス化反応器へ導入する工程;
c.炭化水素原料を部分酸化して熱原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
d.熱原料合成ガスを蒸気へ通して冷却原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
e.蒸気をタービンへ導入して電気を生成する工程;
f.電解槽を工程(e)から製造された電気で操作する工程;および
g.水素ガスを電解槽から回収する工程。
a.水を電解槽へ導入し、および外部電源で電解槽を操作して酸素および水素を製造する工程;
b.空気を空気分離装置へ導入して酸素を製造する工程;
c.炭化水素原料を、外部蒸気および灰分源、および電解槽から生成された酸素および空気分離単装置から回収した酸素から構成される組合わせた酸素流と共に壁膜ガス化反応器へ導入する工程;
d.炭化水素原料を部分酸化して熱原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
e.熱原料合成ガスを蒸気へ通して冷却原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
f.熱交換器からの蒸気をタービンへ導入して電気を製造する工程;
g.工程(f)から製造された電気で電解槽を操作する工程;および
h.電解槽から水素ガスを回収する工程。
図1は、先行技術のガス化複合発電方法の模式図である;
図2は、先行技術の電気化学セルの模式図である;
図3は、先行技術の単極性電解槽または電解セルの模式図である;
図4は、統合された水電解槽および炭化水素ガス化反応器からの水素ガスの製造のための本発明の方法の1実施態様の模式図である;
図5は、統合された水電解槽および炭化水素ガス化反応器からの水素ガスの製造方法の別の実施態様の模式図である;
図6は、組み合わせた蒸留液生成物の製造および真空残留物原料からの水素ガスの製造のための統合原油品質改良法の模式図である;
図7は、改良された炭化水素生成物の製造および真空残留物原料からの水素ガスの製造のための統合原油品質改良法の模式図である;
図8は、改良された炭化水素生成物の製造およびペットコーク原料からの水素ガスの製造のための統合原油品質改良過程の模式図である;および
図9は、改良された炭化水素生成物の製造およびアスファルト原料からの水素ガスの製造のための統合原油品質改良過程の模式図である。
Claims (15)
- 水素ガスの製造のための統合された電解およびガス化法であって、
a.水を電解槽へ導入し、および電解槽を外部電源で操作して酸素および水素を製造する工程;
b.炭化水素原料を、外部蒸気源、任意に灰分形成性材料、および電解槽により製造された酸素および任意に空気分離ユニットにより製造された補給酸素と共に壁膜ガス化反応器へ導入する工程;
c.炭化水素原料を部分酸化して熱原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
d.熱原料合成ガスを蒸気生成熱交換器へ通して蒸気および冷却原料合成ガスを製造する工程;
e.熱交換器からの蒸気をタービンへ導入して電気を製造する工程;
f.電解槽を工程(e)において製造された電気で操作する工程;および
g.電解槽から水素ガスを回収する工程
を含んでなる、方法。 - 工程(d)からの冷却原料合成ガスを所定量の蒸気と水−ガスシフト反応させ、シフト合成ガスを回収する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電解槽を外部電源で操作して電解槽からの酸素出力を増加させる工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 大気蒸留ユニット(ADU)を含み、その底部は回収され、真空蒸留ユニット(VDU)へ導入され、その底部は回収され、炭化水素原料として壁膜ガス化へ導入される原油品質改良法と統合された、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水素化処理装置および水素化分解装置と統合され、電解槽から回収した水素を水素化処理装置および水素化分解装置へ導入する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ADU、VDU、水素化処理装置、水素化分解装置およびコークス化ユニットを含む原油品質改良法と統合され、
a.VDUからの残留物を回収し、原料としてコークス化ユニットへ導入し;
b.コークス化ユニットからのペットコーク生成物を回収し、炭化水素原料として壁膜ガス化反応器へ導入し;および
c.電解槽から回収した水素を水素化処理装置および水素化分解装置へ導入する
請求項1に記載の方法。 - ADU、VDU、水素化処理装置、水素化分解装置および溶剤脱瀝青法を含む原油品質改良法と統合され、
a.VDUからの残留物を回復し、原料として溶剤脱瀝青法に導入し;
b.溶剤脱瀝青法からのアスファルト含有底部を回収し、炭化水素原料として壁膜ガス化c.反応器へ導入し;および
電解槽から回収した水素を水素化処理装置および水素化分解装置中へ導入する
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 壁膜ガス化反応器へのフィードの全灰分含有量は、2W%〜10W%の範囲である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 灰分含有量を灰分形成性材料の個別フィードの添加により維持する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 灰分形成性材料を、壁膜ガス化反応器の上流で液体炭化水素原料と混合する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 壁膜ガス化反応器を、0.1:1〜10:1の範囲の原料の酸素対炭素含有量のモル比で操作する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電解槽を、70℃〜90℃の範囲の温度で操作する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電解槽を1V〜5Vの範囲の電圧で操作する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水−ガスシフト反応を1バール〜60バールの範囲の圧力にて操作する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 水−ガスシフト反応を5:1〜3:1の範囲の水対一酸化炭素のモル比にて操作する、請求項2に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261659206P | 2012-06-13 | 2012-06-13 | |
US61/659,206 | 2012-06-13 | ||
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US10422046B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
CN104364424A (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
KR101928613B1 (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
EP2861783B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
KR20150022970A (ko) | 2015-03-04 |
WO2013188479A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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