JP2015504754A - 透析装置 - Google Patents
透析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015504754A JP2015504754A JP2014553795A JP2014553795A JP2015504754A JP 2015504754 A JP2015504754 A JP 2015504754A JP 2014553795 A JP2014553795 A JP 2014553795A JP 2014553795 A JP2014553795 A JP 2014553795A JP 2015504754 A JP2015504754 A JP 2015504754A
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
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- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
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Abstract
Description
Claims (40)
- 患者の血液を透析器へ供給するための動脈血ラインと、
透析された血液を前記透析器から前記患者へ戻すための静脈血ラインと、
新鮮な透析液を前記透析器へ送出するとともに使用済み透析液を前記透析器から送出するための透析液分配ポンプを制御するコントローラであって、前記透析液分配ポンプが透析液供給源から新鮮な透析液を受けるための入口ラインを有する、コントローラと、
前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおける圧力センサであって、前記コントローラが動脈血および/または静脈血の圧力を表わす信号を前記圧力センサから受けるように前記圧力センサが前記コントローラに動作可能に接続される圧力センサと
を備え、
前記コントローラが、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおける前記圧力センサからの前記信号を監視するとともに、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じて前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインにおける透析液の圧力を制御する、透析装置。 - 前記コントローラが、流路の少なくとも一部分の液圧抵抗を変えることによって前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインにおける透析液の圧力を制御する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液分配ポンプが、前記透析器へ送出される透析液の量と前記透析器から送出される透析液の量とを整合させるための流量平衡ポンプである、請求項1または2に記載の装置。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプが、透析液を前記透析器へ送出するための第1のポンプチャンバと、透析液を前記透析器から送出するための第2のポンプチャンバとを有する、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインに流体的に接続される出口を有する透析液供給ポンプを含み、前記透析液供給ポンプが、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じて前記コントローラにより設定される所定の送出圧力で透析液を前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインへ送出できる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプが、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じて前記コントローラにより決定される圧力で透析液を前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインへ送出する、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインが前記第1のポンプチャンバに流体的に接続される、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプと前記透析液分配ポンプとの間に流体的に位置しているバルブを前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインに有する、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラが、前記バルブの閉時に前記入口ラインにおける所定のバルブ閉鎖圧を得るために所定の送出圧力を制御する、請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラが、前記バルブの閉時に前記入口ラインにおける所定のバルブ閉鎖圧を得るために、前記透析液分配ポンプの流出ストロークの完了後に、前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインにおける残留圧力を制御する、請求項8または9に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプが、可撓性の膜によって覆われるポンプキャビティを有する膜ポンプであり、前記膜ポンプが前記膜の作動により動作可能である、請求項5〜10のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプが、透析液が透析液供給源から前記透析液供給ポンプ内に引き込まれる流入ストロークと、透析液が前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインへ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項5〜11のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第1のポンプチャンバが、可撓性の膜によって覆われるポンプキャビティを有する膜ポンプであり、前記膜ポンプが前記膜の作動により動作可能である、請求項3〜12のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第2のポンプチャンバが、可撓性の膜によって覆われるポンプキャビティを有する膜ポンプであり、前記膜ポンプが前記膜の作動により動作可能である、請求項4〜13のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第1のポンプチャンバが、透析液が前記透析液供給ポンプから引き出される流入ストロークと、透析液が前記透析器へ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項3〜14のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第2のポンプチャンバが、透析液が前記透析器から引き出される流入ストロークと、透析液が排液管へ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項4〜14のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記膜ポンプが空気圧で作動できる、請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプの前記所定の送出圧力が、前記透析液供給ポンプを作動させるために前記膜に印加される空気圧を変えることによって制御される、請求項17に記載の装置。
- 前記入口ラインにおける所定の残留圧力が、前記流出ストロークの完了後に前記膜に印加される空気圧を変えることによって制御される、請求項11〜18のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記動脈血ラインにおける前記圧力センサが、血液を前記患者から前記透析器へ送出するための血液ポンプの下流側に位置している、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記圧力センサが前記静脈血ラインに位置している、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 患者の血液を透析器へ供給するための動脈血ラインと、透析された血液を前記透析器から前記患者へ戻すための静脈血ラインと、新鮮な透析液を前記透析器へ送出するとともに使用済み透析液を前記透析器から送出するための透析液分配ポンプであって、透析液供給源から新鮮な透析液を受けるための入口ラインを有する透析液分配ポンプとを有する透析装置を動作させる方法であって、
前記動脈血ラインにおける血圧および/または前記静脈血ラインにおける血圧を監視するステップと、
前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じて前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインにおける透析液の圧力を制御するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記透析液分配ポンプが、前記透析器へ送出される透析液の量と前記透析器から送出される透析液の量とを整合させるための流量平衡ポンプである、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプが、透析液を前記透析器へ送出するための第1のポンプチャンバと、透析液を前記透析器から送出するための第2のポンプチャンバとを有する、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記透析装置が、前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインに流体的に接続される出口を有する透析液供給ポンプを更に備え、前記透析液供給ポンプが、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じてコントローラにより設定される所定の送出圧力で透析液を前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインへ送出する、請求項22〜24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインが前記第1のポンプチャンバに流体的に接続される、請求項24または25に記載の方法。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプと前記透析液分配ポンプとの間に流体的に位置しているバルブを前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインに設けるステップを更に含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記バルブの閉時に前記入口ラインにおける所定のバルブ閉鎖圧を得るために所定の送出圧力を制御するステップを更に含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記バルブの閉鎖時に、閉鎖前に、または、閉鎖と同時に前記入口ラインにおける所定のバルブ閉鎖圧を得るために、前記透析液分配ポンプの流出ストロークの完了後に、前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインにおける残留圧力を制御するステップを更に含む、請求項27または28に記載の方法。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプが、透析液が透析液供給源から前記透析液供給ポンプ内に引き込まれる流入ストロークと、透析液が前記透析液分配ポンプの前記入口ラインへ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項25〜29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第1のポンプチャンバが、可撓性の膜によって覆われるポンプキャビティを有する膜ポンプであり、前記膜ポンプが前記膜の作動により動作可能である、請求項24〜30のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第2のポンプチャンバが、可撓性の膜によって覆われるポンプキャビティを有する膜ポンプであり、前記膜ポンプが前記膜の作動により動作可能である、請求項24〜31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第1のポンプチャンバが、透析液が前記透析液供給ポンプから引き出される流入ストロークと、透析液が前記透析器へ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項24〜32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記流量平衡ポンプの前記第2のポンプチャンバが、透析液が前記透析器から引き出される流入ストロークと、透析液が排液管へ送出される流出ストロークとを有する、請求項24〜33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記透析液供給ポンプを作動させるために前記膜に印加される空気圧を設定することによって前記透析液供給ポンプの前記所定の送出圧力を制御するステップを更に含む、請求項22〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記流出ストロークの完了後に前記膜に印加される空気圧を設定することによって前記入口ラインにおける所定の残留圧力を制御するステップを更に含む、請求項22〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 添付の図2〜12に関連して本明細書中に実質的に記載される透析装置。
- 透析装置と通信するコントローラにより実行されるときに、請求項22〜36のいずれか一項に記載される方法を前記コントローラに実行させるコンピュータプログラム製品。
- 患者の血液と新鮮な透析液とを透析器へ供給するステップと、
動脈血ラインにおける血圧および/または静脈血ラインにおける血圧を監視するステップと、
前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおいて測定される圧力に応じて透析液分配ポンプの入口ラインにおける透析液の圧力を制御するステップと、
透析された血液を前記患者へ戻すとともに使用済み透析液を除去するステップと
を備える、透析を行なう方法。 - 請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載の透析装置と、動脈血ラインおよび/または静脈血ラインにおける圧力に対応するデータを受けるとともに、前記動脈血ラインおよび/または前記静脈血ラインにおける圧力に応じて透析液分配ポンプの入口ラインにおける透析液の圧力を制御するように構成されるプロセッサおよび/またはメモリとを備えるシステム。
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