JP2015179151A

JP2015179151A - optical control member

Info

Publication number: JP2015179151A
Application number: JP2014055925A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 横田　昌広; Masahiro Yokota; 昌広横田; 高橋　健; Takeshi Takahashi; 高橋　　健; 信雄川村; Nobuo Kawamura; 千草　尚; Hisashi Chigusa; 尚千草; 松田　秀三; Shuzo Matsuda; 秀三松田
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 2014-03-19
Filing date: 2014-03-19
Publication date: 2015-10-08

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical control member capable of achieving light shielding control uniform in the whole area.SOLUTION: In an embodiment, an optical control member includes: a base material 12 having a first surface 12a and a second surface 12b opposing to each other, and having light transmissivity; a first light shielding transmission layer 20 provided on the first surface of the base material; a second light shielding transmission layer 30 provided on the second surface of the base material and opposing to the first light shielding transmission layer. The first light shielding transmission layer has a plurality of first regions 20a and a plurality of second region 20b provided in parallel alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region. The second light shielding transmission layer has a plurality of first regions 30a and a plurality of second regions 30b provided in parallel alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region. A side-by-side pitch P1 of the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions in the first light shielding transmission layer is larger than a side-by-side pitch P2 of the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions in the second light shielding transmission layer.

Description

この発明の実施形態は、窓材等に使用可能な光学制御部材に関する。 Embodiments described herein relate generally to an optical control member that can be used for a window material or the like.

窓は、室外を見通すとともに、太陽光を取り入れて室内を明るく暖かくする機能があるが、一方で真夏の太陽光などは熱く眩しい問題がある。このような過度の太陽光入射を抑制したり、室外を見通したくないときの遮光をするため、従来は、カーテンやブラインドといった遮光部材を窓と別に取り付けて調整していた。 The windows look out from the room and have the function of taking sunlight into the room to make it brighter and warmer. On the other hand, sunlight in the midsummer is hot and dazzling. In order to suppress such excessive sunlight incidence and to shield light when it is not desired to look out of the room, conventionally, a light shielding member such as a curtain or a blind is attached separately from the window and adjusted.

このようなカーテンやブラインドに頼らない手段として、２層以上の遮光層による干渉を用いて透視制御を行う光学制御部材が提案されている。しかしながら、このような光学制御部材では、仰視角の広い使われ方、すなわち、ある視点から窓を見た場合の窓の両端を見たときの窓の鉛直方向からなす角度が両端で大きく変化する場合、特に最大透過率と最少透過率の角度変化の敏感な使われ方をすると、光学制御部材の各位置による視角差のために、遮光ムラが生じる。 As a means that does not rely on such curtains or blinds, an optical control member that performs perspective control using interference by two or more light shielding layers has been proposed. However, in such an optical control member, how to use a wide angle of elevation, that is, the angle formed from the vertical direction of the window when viewing both ends of the window when viewed from a certain viewpoint, varies greatly at both ends. In particular, when the angle change between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance is used sensitively, unevenness in light shielding occurs due to a difference in viewing angle depending on each position of the optical control member.

特開昭６１−１００７０１号公報JP-A-61-100701 特開２００５−３２１７６６号公報JP-A-2005-321766

この発明の課題は、仰視角の広い使われ方、最大透過率と最少透過率の角度変化の敏感な使われ方においても、全域で均一な遮光制御を実現できる光学制御部材を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an optical control member capable of realizing uniform light-shielding control in the entire region even in a wide usage direction of an elevation angle and a sensitive usage of an angle change between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance. is there.

実施形態によれば、光学制御部材は、対向する第１面および第２面を有し、光透過性を有する基材と、前記基材の第１面に設けられた第１遮光透過層と、前記基材の第２面に設けられ前記第１遮光透過層と対向する第２遮光透過層と、を備えている。記第１遮光透過層は、交互に並設された複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域とを有し、各第２領域は第１領域よりも光を透過する特性を有し、前記第２遮光透過層は、交互に並設された複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域とを有し、各第２領域は第１領域よりも光を透過する特性を有している。第１遮光透過層の複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域の併設ピッチＰ１は、前記第２遮光透過層の複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域の併設ピッチＰ２よりも大きい。 According to the embodiment, the optical control member has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and has a light-transmitting base material, and a first light-shielding transmission layer provided on the first surface of the base material. And a second light shielding / transmitting layer provided on the second surface of the base material and facing the first light shielding / transmitting layer. The first light-shielding / transmitting layer has a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region, The second light-shielding / transmitting layer has a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region. The adjacent pitch P1 between the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions of the first light shielding / transmitting layer is larger than the adjacent pitch P2 between the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions of the second light shielding / transmitting layer.

図１は、実施形態に係る光学制御部材を示す斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an optical control member according to an embodiment. 図２は、前記光学制御部材の断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical control member. 図３は、視点角度に応じた前記光学制御部材の透過率、反射率、吸収率を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of the optical control member according to the viewpoint angle.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態に係る光学制御部材について詳細に説明する。なお、開示はあくまで一例にすぎず、当業者において、発明の主旨を保っての適宜変更であって容易に想到し得るものについては、当然に本発明の範囲に含有されるものである。また、図面は説明をより明確にするため、実際の態様に比べ、各部の幅、厚さ、形状等について模式的に表される場合があるが、あくまで一例であって、本発明の解釈を限定するものではない。また、本明細書と各図において、既出の図に関して前述したものと同様の要素には、同一の符号を付して、詳細な説明を適宜省略することがある。 Hereinafter, an optical control member according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the disclosure is merely an example, and those skilled in the art can appropriately modify the gist of the invention and can be easily conceived, and are naturally included in the scope of the present invention. In addition, the drawings may be schematically represented with respect to the width, thickness, shape, and the like of each part in comparison with actual aspects for the sake of clarity of explanation, but are merely examples, and the interpretation of the present invention is not limited. It is not limited. In addition, in the present specification and each drawing, elements similar to those described above with reference to the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description may be omitted as appropriate.

図１は、実施形態に係る光学制御部材を示す斜視図、図２は、光学制御部材の断面図である。
図１および図２に示すように、光学制御部材１０は、光透過性を有するシート状あるいは板状の基材１２を備えている。基材１２としては、例えば、厚さ４ｍｍのソーダライム製のガラス板、あるいは、アクリル板のような透明な樹脂板、等を用いることができる。本実施形態では、光学制御部材１０を窓材に適用し、基材１２は、窓ガラスを用いる。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an optical control member according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical control member.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the optical control member 10 includes a sheet-like or plate-like base material 12 having optical transparency. As the substrate 12, for example, a soda lime glass plate having a thickness of 4 mm, a transparent resin plate such as an acrylic plate, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, the optical control member 10 is applied to a window material, and the base material 12 uses a window glass.

基材１２は、互いに対向する平坦な矩形状の第１面（室内側内面）１２ａおよび第２面（室外側外面）１２ｂを有している。光学制御部材１０は、第１面１２ａの全面に設けられた第１遮光透過層２０と、第２面１２ｂの全面に設けられ第１遮光透過層２０と対向した第２遮光透過層３０と、を有している。 The base material 12 has a flat rectangular first surface (inner side inner surface) 12a and second surface (outer side outer surface) 12b facing each other. The optical control member 10 includes a first light shielding / transmitting layer 20 provided on the entire first surface 12a, a second light shielding / transmitting layer 30 provided on the entire second surface 12b and facing the first light shielding / transmitting layer 20, have.

第１遮光透過層２０は、交互に並設された複数の帯状あるいはストライプ状の第１領域２０ａと複数の帯状あるいはストライプ状の第２領域２０ｂとを有し、各第２領域２０ｂは第１領域２０ａよりも光を透過する特性を有している。第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂは、互いに平行に延び、また、第１面１２ａの一端縁（ここでは、上端縁）から他端縁（ここでは、下端縁）まで直線的に延在している。すなわち、第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂは、第１面１２ａの全域に渡り均質で繰り返し性を持って設けられている。 The first light-shielding / transmitting layer 20 has a plurality of strip-shaped or striped first regions 20a and a plurality of strip-shaped or striped second regions 20b arranged in parallel, and each second region 20b is a first region. The region 20a has a characteristic of transmitting light. The first region 20a and the second region 20b extend in parallel to each other, and extend linearly from one end edge (here, the upper end edge) to the other end edge (here, the lower end edge) of the first surface 12a. ing. In other words, the first region 20a and the second region 20b are provided with uniformity and repeatability over the entire area of the first surface 12a.

各第１領域２０ａは、主に光を反射あるいは吸収する遮光層として形成されている。本実施形態では、第１領域２０ａは、太陽光の紫外線から赤外線に至る光線を吸収する材料、例えば、カーボンブラックインクで形成している。各第２領域２０ｂは、光透過層として形成され、本実施形態では、第２領域２０ｂは、帯状の開口パターンであり、基材１２の第１面１２ａにより形成されている。 Each first region 20a is formed as a light shielding layer that mainly reflects or absorbs light. In the present embodiment, the first region 20a is formed of a material that absorbs light from ultraviolet rays of sunlight to infrared rays, for example, carbon black ink. Each second region 20b is formed as a light transmission layer. In the present embodiment, the second region 20b is a band-shaped opening pattern, and is formed by the first surface 12a of the substrate 12.

本実施形態において、第１領域２０ａの第１幅（Ｘ方向の幅）Ｗａ１は、１．３ｍｍに形成され、第２領域２０ｂの幅（Ｘ方向の幅）Ｗａ２は、１．２ｍｍに形成されている。また、基材１２の幅方向（Ｘ方向）に沿った、複数の第１領域２０ａの並設ピッチＰ１は、２．５ｍｍに設定されている。 In the present embodiment, the first region 20a has a first width (X-direction width) Wa1 of 1.3 mm, and the second region 20b has a width (X-direction width) Wa2 of 1.2 mm. ing. Moreover, the parallel arrangement pitch P1 of the plurality of first regions 20a along the width direction (X direction) of the substrate 12 is set to 2.5 mm.

同様に、第２遮光透過層３０は、交互に並設された複数の帯状あるいはストライプ状の第１領域３０ａと複数の帯状あるいはストライプ状の第２領域３０ｂとを有し、各第２領域３０ｂは第１領域３０ａよりも光を透過する特性を有している。第１領域３０ａおよび第２領域３０ｂは、互いに平行に延び、また、第２面１２ｂの一端縁（ここでは、上端縁）から他端縁（ここでは、下端縁）まで直線的に延在している。すなわち、第１領域３０ａおよび第２領域３０ｂは、第２面１２ｂの全域に渡り均質で繰り返し性を持って設けられている。また、第１領域３０ａおよび第２領域３０ｂは、第１遮光透過層２０の第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂと平行に延びている。 Similarly, the second light-shielding / transmitting layer 30 has a plurality of strip-shaped or striped first regions 30a and a plurality of strip-shaped or striped second regions 30b arranged alternately, and each second region 30b. Has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region 30a. The first region 30a and the second region 30b extend in parallel to each other, and extend linearly from one end edge (here, the upper end edge) to the other end edge (here, the lower end edge) of the second surface 12b. ing. In other words, the first region 30a and the second region 30b are provided with uniformity and repeatability over the entire area of the second surface 12b. The first region 30a and the second region 30b extend in parallel with the first region 20a and the second region 20b of the first light-shielding / transmitting layer 20.

各第１領域３０ａは、主に光を反射あるいは吸収する遮光層として形成されている。本実施形態では、第１領域３０ａは、太陽光の紫外線から赤外線に至る光線を吸収する材料、例えば、カーボンブラックインクで形成している。各第２領域３０ｂは、光透過層として形成され、本実施形態では、第２領域３０ｂは、帯状の開口パターンであり、基材１２の第２面１２ｂにより形成されている。 Each first region 30a is formed as a light shielding layer that mainly reflects or absorbs light. In the present embodiment, the first region 30a is formed of a material that absorbs light from ultraviolet rays of sunlight to infrared rays, for example, carbon black ink. Each second region 30b is formed as a light transmission layer. In the present embodiment, the second region 30b is a band-shaped opening pattern, and is formed by the second surface 12b of the substrate 12.

本実施形態において、第２遮光透過層３０を構成する第１領域３０ａと第２領域３０ｂの幅およびピッチＰ２は、対向する第１遮光透過層２０を構成する第１領域２０ａと第２領域２０ｂの幅およびピッチＰ１よりも１．００５倍ほどわずかに大きく設定されている。すなわち、第１領域３０ａの第２幅（Ｘ方向の幅）Ｗｂ１は、１．３０６５ｍｍに形成され、第２領域３０ｂの幅（Ｘ方向の幅）Ｗｂ２は、１．２０６ｍｍに形成されている。また、基材１２の幅方向（Ｘ方向）に沿った、複数の第１領域３０ａの並設ピッチＰ２は、２．５１２５ｍｍに設定されて、すなわち、第１遮光透過層２０の併設ピッチＰ１（２．５ｍｍ）に対して第２遮光透過層４０の併設ピッチＰ２が１．００５倍だけわずかに大きく形成されている。そのため、図２に示すように、光学制御部材１０の中央で一致していた第１遮光透過層２０の位相と第２遮光透過層３０の位相が光学制御部材１０の周辺に向かうにつれて徐々にずれていく構成となる。上述の実施形態では、併設ピッチが２００本、すわなち、５００ｍｍ繰り返した時点で、１ピッチだけ第２遮光透過層３０のピッチがずれるように設定されている。 In the present embodiment, the width and pitch P2 of the first region 30a and the second region 30b constituting the second light shielding / transmitting layer 30 are the first region 20a and the second region 20b constituting the opposing first light shielding / transmitting layer 20. Is set slightly larger than the width and pitch P1 by 1.005 times. That is, the second width (X-direction width) Wb1 of the first region 30a is 1.3065 mm, and the second region 30b width (X-direction width) Wb2 is 1.206 mm. The parallel pitch P2 of the plurality of first regions 30a along the width direction (X direction) of the substrate 12 is set to 2.5125 mm, that is, the side-by-side pitch P1 ( 2.5 mm), the side-to-side pitch P2 of the second light-shielding / transmitting layer 40 is slightly larger by 1.005 times. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the phase of the first light-shielding / transmitting layer 20 and the phase of the second light-shielding / transmitting layer 30 that are matched at the center of the optical control member 10 are gradually shifted toward the periphery of the optical control member 10. It becomes composition to go. In the above-described embodiment, the pitch of the second light-shielding transmission layer 30 is set to be shifted by one pitch when the side-by-side pitch is 200, that is, when 500 mm is repeated.

このように、幅方向Ｘに沿った第１遮光透過層２０の第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂの形成パターンの併設ピッチＰ１よりも、幅方向Ｘに沿った第２遮光透過層３０の第１領域３０ａおよび第２領域３０ｂの形成パターンの併設ピッチＰ２を大きく設定している。本実施形態では、光学制御部材１０は、例えば、第１面１２ａが室内側、第２面１２ｂが室外側を向くように設置され、更に、第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂがほぼ鉛直方向に沿って位置するように設置する。 As described above, the second light shielding / transmitting layer 30 in the second light shielding / transmitting layer 30 along the width direction X is larger than the adjacent pitch P1 of the formation pattern of the first region 20a and the second region 20b of the first light shielding / transmitting layer 20 along the width direction X. The adjacent pitch P2 of the formation pattern of the first region 30a and the second region 30b is set large. In the present embodiment, the optical control member 10 is installed, for example, such that the first surface 12a faces the indoor side, the second surface 12b faces the outdoor side, and the first region 20a and the second region 20b are substantially vertical. Install so that it is located along.

図２に示すように、第１遮光透過層２０および第２遮光透過層３０は、第１遮光透過層２０の第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂに対して、第２遮光透過層３０の第１領域および第２領域の幅方向Ｘの位相が各々、ずれて位置するように、設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the first light-shielding and transmitting layer 20 and the second light-shielding and transmitting layer 30 are different from the first region 20 a and the second region 20 b of the first light-shielding and transmitting layer 20. The first region and the second region are provided so that the phases in the width direction X are shifted from each other.

具体的には、室内側の人が光学制御部材１０を利用する視点位置と光学制御部材１０との垂直方向距離を有限距離ｄとすると、有限距離ｄだけ離れた視点から光学制御部材１０を見た場合、光学制御部材１０の幅方向Ｘ全域において仰視角αによらず幅方向のどこでも最大透過率が均一となるように、あるいは、最小透過率が均一となるように、第２遮光透過層３０は、第１遮光透過層２０の第１領域２０ａおよび第２領域２０ｂのパターンに対して、第１領域３０ａおよび第２領域３０ｂのパターンの位相を幅方向Ｘに各々ずらし配置している。上述したように第２遮光透過層３０の併設ピッチＰ２を第１遮光透過層２０の併設ピッチＰ１より０．５％だけ拡大させることで、有限距離ｄ＝５００ｍｍから光学制御部材１０を見た場合に、図２に示したように、どのような仰視角αでも光学制御部材１０の場所によらず均一の透過率になるように仰視角α分だけ位相補正している。 Specifically, when the vertical distance between the viewpoint position where the person inside the room uses the optical control member 10 and the optical control member 10 is a finite distance d, the optical control member 10 is viewed from a viewpoint separated by the finite distance d. In this case, in the entire width direction X of the optical control member 10, the second light-shielding transmission layer so that the maximum transmittance is uniform everywhere in the width direction regardless of the elevation angle α or the minimum transmittance is uniform. 30, the phase of the pattern of the first region 30 a and the second region 30 b is shifted in the width direction X with respect to the pattern of the first region 20 a and the second region 20 b of the first light-shielding / transmitting layer 20. As described above, when the pitch P2 of the second light shielding / transmitting layer 30 is increased by 0.5% from the pitch P1 of the first light shielding / transmitting layer 20, the optical control member 10 is viewed from a finite distance d = 500 mm. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the phase is corrected by the elevation angle α so that the transmittance is uniform regardless of the position of the optical control member 10 regardless of the elevation angle α.

これにより、図２において、例えば、光学制御部材１０の幅方向中央と対向し有限距離ｄだけ離れた視点Ａから光学制御部材１０を見た場合、光学制御部材１０の幅方向中央部、幅方向両端部、中間部の全領域において、第１および第２遮光透過層２０、３０の第２領域２０ｂ、３０ｂを通して外を視認することができ、幅方向の全域において均一な最大透過率が得られる。また、光学制御部材１０の幅方向一端と対向し有限距離ｄだけ離れた視点Ｂから光学制御部材１０を見た場合、光学制御部材１０の幅方向中央部、幅方向両端部、中間部の全領域において、第１および第２遮光透過層２０、３０の第１領域２０ａ、３０ａにより遮光され外を視認できなくなり、幅方向の全域において均一な最小透過率が得られる。視点Ａと視点Ｂとの間に位置する他の視点から光学制御部材１０を見た場合は、光学制御部材の幅方向の全域において均一な中間透過率が得られる。
なお、上述した光学制御部材の効果は、窓の幅が小さい場合、あるいは、窓を見る視点の距離が大きい場合、仰視角α自体が小さくなり意味をなさない。このため、光学制御部材１０の併設ピッチ方向Ｘの幅Ｗは、が有限距離ｄの１／１０以上であることが望ましい。 Accordingly, in FIG. 2, for example, when the optical control member 10 is viewed from the viewpoint A facing the center in the width direction of the optical control member 10 and separated by a finite distance d, the center in the width direction of the optical control member 10, the width direction In the entire region of both end portions and the intermediate portion, the outside can be visually recognized through the second regions 20b and 30b of the first and second light-shielding transmission layers 20 and 30, and a uniform maximum transmittance can be obtained in the entire region in the width direction. . Further, when the optical control member 10 is viewed from the viewpoint B that faces one end in the width direction of the optical control member 10 and is separated by a finite distance d, all of the center portion in the width direction, both end portions in the width direction, and the intermediate portion of the optical control member 10 are observed. In the region, the first and second light-shielding transmission layers 20 and 30 are shielded from light by the first regions 20a and 30a so that the outside cannot be visually recognized, and a uniform minimum transmittance can be obtained over the entire region in the width direction. When the optical control member 10 is viewed from another viewpoint located between the viewpoints A and B, a uniform intermediate transmittance can be obtained over the entire width direction of the optical control member.
The effect of the optical control member described above does not make sense when the window width is small or when the distance from the viewpoint of viewing the window is large, the elevation angle α itself becomes small. For this reason, it is desirable that the width W in the pitch direction X of the optical control member 10 is 1/10 or more of the finite distance d.

図３は、光学制御部材１０へ入射する光の入射角θ、すなわち、図２における視点Ａ（θ＝０度）から視点Ｂ方向に移動したときの視点からの方向（図２に矢印Ｚで示す）と光学制御部材１０の鉛直方向と成す角度がθに相当する、に応じた、光学制御部材１０の透過率、反射率、吸収率を示している。この図から、光学制御部材１０の透過率は、入射角θが０度（第１遮光透過層２０に垂直）の時に、最大透過率、約５０％となり、入射角θが大きくなるに従って徐々に透過率が下がり、入射角θが３０度で最小透過率０％となる。入射各θが更に大きくなると、再び、透過率が増加し、入射角θが６０度でほぼ最大透過率、約４０％となる。入射角θが６０度を越えて９０度まで増加する間、透過率は、徐々に減少し、ほぼ０％に至る。 3 shows the incident angle θ of light incident on the optical control member 10, that is, the direction from the viewpoint when moving from the viewpoint A (θ = 0 degree) in FIG. The transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of the optical control member 10 according to the angle between the vertical direction of the optical control member 10 and θ are equivalent to θ. From this figure, the transmittance of the optical control member 10 has a maximum transmittance of about 50% when the incident angle θ is 0 degree (perpendicular to the first light-shielding transmissive layer 20), and gradually increases as the incident angle θ increases. The transmittance decreases, and the minimum transmittance becomes 0% when the incident angle θ is 30 degrees. As each incident θ further increases, the transmittance increases again, and when the incident angle θ is 60 degrees, the maximum transmittance is about 40%. While the incident angle θ increases from 60 degrees to 90 degrees, the transmittance gradually decreases and reaches almost 0%.

吸収率は、透過率とほぼ逆に変動し、入射角θが０度から３０度に増加する間、約５０％から１００％に増加し、入射角θが３０度から６０度に増加する間、約１００％から５０％まで減少する。更に、入射角θが６０度から９０度に増加する間、吸収率は一旦、僅かに増加した後、再び、減少していく。
光学制御部材１０の反射率は、入射角θの増加に応じて、徐々に、増加していく。 The absorptance fluctuates almost oppositely to the transmittance, while the incident angle θ increases from 0 degrees to 30 degrees, increases from about 50% to 100%, and the incident angle θ increases from 30 degrees to 60 degrees. , Decreasing from about 100% to 50%. Further, while the incident angle θ increases from 60 degrees to 90 degrees, the absorption rate once increases slightly and then decreases again.
The reflectance of the optical control member 10 gradually increases as the incident angle θ increases.

以上のように構成された光学制御部材１０によれば、第１遮光透過層の第１および第２領域のパターンと、第２遮光透過層の第１および第２領域のパターンとを幅方向に微妙にずらすことで、すなわち、第１遮光透過層２０のパターンの幅方向（第１および第２領域と直交する方向）の併設ピッチＰ１と、第２遮光透過層３０のパターンの幅方向の併設ピッチＰ２とをわずかに異ならせることにより、ここでは、第２遮光透過層の併設ピッチＰ２を第１遮光透過層の併設ピッチＰ１よりも１．００５倍だけ大きくすることにより光学制御部材１０を見たときの仰視角αによる透過率変動を解消して透過率を均一化させ、光学制御部材の透視制御性を大幅に改善することができる。 According to the optical control member 10 configured as described above, the pattern of the first and second regions of the first light shielding / transmitting layer and the pattern of the first and second regions of the second light shielding / transmitting layer are arranged in the width direction. By slightly shifting, that is, the side-by-side pitch P1 in the width direction of the pattern of the first light-shielding / transmitting layer 20 (the direction orthogonal to the first and second regions) and the width direction of the pattern of the second light-shielding / transmitting layer 30 By slightly different from the pitch P2, the optical control member 10 is seen here by making the adjacent pitch P2 of the second light shielding / transmitting layer larger by 1.005 times than the adjacent pitch P1 of the first light shielding / transmitting layer. The transmittance variation due to the elevation angle α at this time can be eliminated to make the transmittance uniform, and the perspective controllability of the optical control member can be greatly improved.

入射する光の方向に依存して第１遮光透過層および第２遮光透過層の光学制御層の重なりが変化することを利用して、出射する光の透過を変調することが可能となる。第１および第２遮光透過層は、有限距離にある視点に対し、光学制御部材の全域で最大透過率あるいは最小透過率が一致するように各々のパターンの対向位相がずれている。これにより、例えば、光学制御部材１０の正面である視点Ａから見た場合に、光学制御部材１０の中央から端に至るまで均一に透過あるいは遮光を制御することが可能となる。 It is possible to modulate the transmission of the emitted light by utilizing the change in the overlap of the optical control layer of the first light-shielding transmission layer and the second light-shielding transmission layer depending on the direction of incident light. In the first and second light-shielding transmission layers, the opposing phases of the patterns are shifted so that the maximum transmittance or the minimum transmittance matches the entire area of the optical control member with respect to the viewpoint at a finite distance. Thereby, for example, when viewed from the viewpoint A which is the front of the optical control member 10, it is possible to control transmission or shading uniformly from the center to the end of the optical control member 10.

本実施形態にかかる光学制御部材１０によれば、図２に示すように、仰視角αに応じて光学制御部材の両面（第１面および第２面）の遮光透過パターンを調整しているため、視点Ａでも視点Ｂでも光学制御部材１０の全域に渡り均一に透過と遮光を切り替えることができる。 According to the optical control member 10 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the light-shielding transmission patterns on both surfaces (first surface and second surface) of the optical control member are adjusted according to the elevation angle α. It is possible to switch between transmission and shading uniformly over the entire area of the optical control member 10 at both the viewpoint A and the viewpoint B.

光学制御部材１０の全幅Ｗが視点距離（有限距離）の１／１０以上のとき、あるいは、最大透過率から最小透過率に変化する入射角θが６０度を下回るような角度に対する透過率変化が大きいときに、上述した作用効果を最も発揮することができる。
これにより、仰視角αが広く（大きく）なる使われ方、最大透過率と最少透過率の角度変化の敏感な使われ方においても、全域で均一な遮光制御を実現できる光学制御部材が得られる。 When the entire width W of the optical control member 10 is 1/10 or more of the viewpoint distance (finite distance), or when the incident angle θ that changes from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance is less than 60 degrees, the transmittance changes with respect to the angle. When it is large, the above-described effects can be exhibited most.
As a result, an optical control member capable of realizing uniform light-shielding control over the entire region can be obtained even in a usage method in which the elevation angle α is wide (large), or in a sensitive usage method of an angle change between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance. .

なお、本発明は上述した実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせにより、種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態にわたる構成要素を適宜組み合わせてもよい。 Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the components without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

光学制御部材は、第１面側を外に、第２面側を室内側に設置するようにしてもよい。また、光学制御部材は、第１領域および第２領域が鉛直方向に延びる向きに限らず、他の向きに設置することも可能である。第１領域および第２領域の幅および並設ピッチは、上述した実施形態に限定されることなく、使用目的に応じて、種々変更可能である。第２領域は、開口パターンに限らず、光透過層で形成することも可能である。また、第１および第２の領域は帯状のパターンとしたが、市松模様や細密六方形状として縦方向と横方向など２次元的に繰り返しのある構成としてもよい。この場合、１方向のみならず複数方向で透過率を制御することができる。 The optical control member may be installed with the first surface side outside and the second surface side indoors. Further, the optical control member is not limited to the direction in which the first region and the second region extend in the vertical direction, but can be installed in other directions. The width | variety and juxtaposition pitch of a 1st area | region and a 2nd area | region are not limited to embodiment mentioned above, According to the intended purpose, it can change variously. The second region is not limited to the opening pattern, and can be formed of a light transmission layer. In addition, although the first and second regions are band-shaped patterns, a checkered pattern or a fine hexagonal shape may be two-dimensionally repeated in the vertical and horizontal directions. In this case, the transmittance can be controlled not only in one direction but also in a plurality of directions.

実施形態では、光学制御部材を視点により透視可否を変化させる窓あるいはパーテーションに適用したが、これに限らず、光学制御部材は、パーソナルコンピュータや携帯電子機器のディスプレイの表面に設置し、覗き見防止シートとして用いてもよい。また、光学制御部材は、照明器具の配光制御として用いてもよい。 In the embodiment, the optical control member is applied to the window or partition that changes the visibility depending on the viewpoint. It may be used as a sheet. Moreover, you may use an optical control member as light distribution control of a lighting fixture.

１０…光学制御部材、１２…基材、１２ａ…第１面、１２ｂ…第２面、
２０…第１遮光透過層、３０…第２遮光透過層、２０ａ、３０ａ…第１領域、
２０ｂ、３０ｂ…第２領域、ｄ…有限距離 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Optical control member, 12 ... Base material, 12a ... 1st surface, 12b ... 2nd surface,
20 ... 1st light shielding transmission layer, 30 ... 2nd light shielding transmission layer, 20a, 30a ... 1st area | region,
20b, 30b ... second region, d ... finite distance

Claims

対向する第１面および第２面を有し、光透過性を有する基材と、
前記基材の第１面に設けられた第１遮光透過層と、
前記基材の第２面に設けられ前記第１遮光透過層と対向する第２遮光透過層と、を備え、
前記第１遮光透過層は、交互に並設された複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域とを有し、各第２領域は第１領域よりも光を透過する特性を有し、
前記第２遮光透過層は、交互に並設された複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域とを有し、各第２領域は第１領域よりも光を透過する特性を有し、
前記第１遮光透過層の複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域の併設ピッチＰ１は、前記第２遮光透過層の複数の第１領域と複数の第２領域の併設ピッチＰ２よりも大きい光学制御部材。 A base material having a first surface and a second surface facing each other and having light transmittance;
A first light-shielding transmission layer provided on the first surface of the substrate;
A second light-shielding transmission layer provided on the second surface of the base material and facing the first light-shielding transmission layer,
The first light-shielding / transmitting layer has a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region,
The second light-shielding transmission layer has a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged alternately, and each second region has a characteristic of transmitting light more than the first region,
The optical pitch P1 between the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions of the first light shielding / transmitting layer is larger than the pitch P2 between the plurality of first regions and the plurality of second regions of the second light shielding / transmitting layer. Control member.

前記第１遮光透過層および第２遮光透過層は、前記第１遮光透過層から有限距離にある視点に対し、前記光学制御部材の最大透過率あるいは最小透過率が全域で均一となるように、前記第１領域および第２領域の対向位相がずれている請求項１に記載の光学制御部材。 The first light-shielding light-transmitting layer and the second light-shielding light-transmitting layer are such that the maximum transmittance or the minimum transmittance of the optical control member is uniform over the entire area with respect to a viewpoint at a finite distance from the first light-shielding light-transmitting layer. The optical control member according to claim 1, wherein opposed phases of the first region and the second region are shifted.

前記有限距離は、前記第１領域の幅方向に沿った前記併設ピッチ方向の基材の幅に対して、１０倍以内である請求項２に記載の光学制御部材。 The optical control member according to claim 2, wherein the finite distance is within 10 times the width of the base material in the side-by-side pitch direction along the width direction of the first region.

前記光学制御部材は、前記光学制御部材の最大透過率から最小透過率に変わる入射角が６０度以下である請求項１に記載の光学制御部材。 2. The optical control member according to claim 1, wherein an incident angle at which the optical control member changes from a maximum transmittance to a minimum transmittance of the optical control member is 60 degrees or less.

前記第１遮光透過層の第１領域、および前記第２遮光透過層の第１領域は、それぞれ遮光層により形成されている請求項１ないし４のいずれか１項に記載の光学制御部材。 5. The optical control member according to claim 1, wherein the first region of the first light shielding / transmitting layer and the first region of the second light shielding / transmitting layer are each formed by a light shielding layer.

前記併設ピッチＰ２は前記併設ピッチＰ１の１．０００５倍から１．０５倍に形成されている請求項１ないし５のいずれか１項に記載の光学制御部材。 The optical control member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the side-by-side pitch P2 is formed from 1.0005 to 1.05 times the side-by-side pitch P1.

前記第１遮光透過層の第１および第２領域、並びに、前記第２遮光透過層の第１および第２領域は、それぞれ帯状に形成されている請求項１ないし６のいずれか１項に記載の光学制御部材。 The first and second regions of the first light-shielding / transmitting layer and the first and second regions of the second light-shielding / transmitting layer are each formed in a band shape. Optical control member.