JP2015178888A - Conical roller bearing - Google Patents
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- JP2015178888A JP2015178888A JP2014064735A JP2014064735A JP2015178888A JP 2015178888 A JP2015178888 A JP 2015178888A JP 2014064735 A JP2014064735 A JP 2014064735A JP 2014064735 A JP2014064735 A JP 2014064735A JP 2015178888 A JP2015178888 A JP 2015178888A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、産業用ロボットに用いられる転がり軸受など、高モーメント荷重を負荷し、かつ、高剛性機能が求められる産業用の転がり軸受（円すいころ軸受）に関する。 The present invention relates to an industrial rolling bearing (tapered roller bearing) that is loaded with a high moment load and requires a high rigidity function, such as a rolling bearing used in an industrial robot.
産業用ロボットに用いられる転がり軸受のように、モーメント荷重に対して剛性が求められる用途では、一般的にアンギュラ玉軸受や円すいころ軸受に予圧をかけ用いられる。高剛性が求められる場合には、同一サイズでは負荷容量が大きい円すいころ軸受が用いられる。昨今、軸受サイズに対するモーメント荷重は大きくなり、必要剛性も増している。また、装置全体のコンパクト化のために、軸受のスペースも小さくなっている。つまり、コンパクトでかつ、高負荷容量の円すいころ軸受が求められている。 In applications that require rigidity against moment load, such as rolling bearings used in industrial robots, angular ball bearings and tapered roller bearings are generally used with preload applied. When high rigidity is required, tapered roller bearings having a large load capacity are used for the same size. Nowadays, the moment load with respect to the bearing size has increased, and the required rigidity has increased. In addition, the bearing space is reduced in order to make the entire apparatus compact. That is, there is a need for a tapered roller bearing that is compact and has a high load capacity.
従来の一般的な円すいころ軸受の構造を図１１に基づいて説明する。図１１に示すように、円すいころ軸受１１は、外周面にテーパ状の軌道面１２ａを有する内輪１２と、内周面にテーパ状の軌道面１３ａを有する外輪１３と、内輪１２の軌道面１２ａと外輪１３の軌道面１３ａとの間を転動する複数の円すいころ１４と、各円すいころ１４をポケット部で転動自在に保持する保持器１５とを備えている。保持器１５は、大径リング部１５ａと小径リング部１５ｂとを複数の柱部１５ｃで連結してなり、柱部１５ｃ同士の間のポケット部１６に円すいころ１４を収納している。内輪１２の大径側端部に大鍔１２ｂを小径側端部に小鍔１２ｃを一体形成して、円すいころ１４および保持器１５が内輪１２から脱落しないようにしている。円すいころ軸受における内輪は、テーパ状の軌道面を有することから軸方向に見て小径側と大径側とがあり、「小鍔」は小径側端部に設けられた鍔であり、「大鍔」は大径側端部に設けられた鍔である。 The structure of a conventional general tapered roller bearing will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the tapered roller bearing 11 includes an inner ring 12 having a tapered raceway surface 12 a on an outer peripheral surface, an outer ring 13 having a tapered raceway surface 13 a on an inner peripheral surface, and a raceway surface 12 a of the inner ring 12. And a plurality of tapered rollers 14 that roll between the raceway surface 13a of the outer ring 13 and a retainer 15 that holds each tapered roller 14 in a pocket portion so that it can roll freely. The cage 15 is formed by connecting a large-diameter ring portion 15a and a small-diameter ring portion 15b with a plurality of column portions 15c, and houses the tapered rollers 14 in a pocket portion 16 between the column portions 15c. A large collar 12b and a small collar 12c are integrally formed at the large-diameter side end of the inner ring 12, so that the tapered roller 14 and the retainer 15 do not fall off the inner ring 12. The inner ring in the tapered roller bearing has a tapered raceway surface, so that it has a small diameter side and a large diameter side when viewed in the axial direction, and the “small collar” is a collar provided at the end of the small diameter side. The “cradle” is a scissor provided at the end on the large diameter side.
このような円すいころ軸受において、上述の高負荷容量化のために内輪小鍔をなくした構造が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。特許文献１では、複列円すいころ軸受において、各列の保持器が内輪の小径側へ移動すると保持器小径側の環状部同士が接触し、保持器および円すいころの移動が規制される。これにより、内輪の小鍔をなくした構造とでき、円すいころの長さを延長して負荷容量の増大を図っている。 In such a tapered roller bearing, a structure has been proposed in which the inner ring gavel is eliminated for the above-described high load capacity (see Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, in the double row tapered roller bearing, when the cages in each row move to the small diameter side of the inner ring, the annular portions on the small diameter side of the cage come into contact with each other, and the movement of the cage and the tapered roller is restricted. As a result, the inner ring can be eliminated, and the length of the tapered roller is extended to increase the load capacity.
一方、円すいころ軸受の内輪の大鍔をなくすことは容易ではない。これは、円すいころ軸受の内輪および外輪から円すいころに力が加わると、幾何学的に円すいころの小径側から大径側へ向かう力が発生し、内輪に大鍔がないと、円すいころが内輪の大径側へ移動し、軸受機能を失うおそれがあるためである。高負荷容量化のために、軸受外の周囲部材も利用して、内輪小鍔と内輪大鍔の両方をなくした構造は提案されている（特許文献２参照）。特許文献２では、キャリアが円すいころ軸受を介してケースに支持されており、内輪に小鍔および大鍔がなく、保持器はケースとキャリアの双方に接触することで移動が規制される。 On the other hand, it is not easy to eliminate the large collar of the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing. This is because when a force is applied to the tapered roller from the inner ring and outer ring of the tapered roller bearing, a force is generated geometrically from the small diameter side to the large diameter side of the tapered roller. This is because the inner ring may move to the larger diameter side and lose the bearing function. In order to increase the load capacity, there has been proposed a structure in which both the inner ring small collar and the inner ring large collar are eliminated using peripheral members outside the bearing (see Patent Document 2). In Patent Document 2, the carrier is supported by the case via a tapered roller bearing, the inner ring has no small and large collars, and the cage is restricted from moving by contacting both the case and the carrier.
その他、一般的なころ軸受において、ころを保持器に留め、ころと保持器を一体化したものとして、黄銅等の非鉄金属からなる一対の環状側板と、該側板間に介在させる複数の柱部とを有し、該柱部間のポケット部にころを配して、上記一対の環状側板をリベット（鋲）により締結してなる保持器が提案されている（特許文献３参照）。また、ころの軸心を貫通するピン挿入孔に、ころを回転自在に支持するピンが通挿してあり、ピンの両端は一対の環状の側板に溶接等で固定してあるピンタイプ保持器付きころ軸受が提案されている（特許文献４参照）。 In addition, in a general roller bearing, a pair of annular side plates made of non-ferrous metal such as brass, and a plurality of column portions interposed between the side plates, in which the rollers are fastened to the cage and the rollers and the cage are integrated. A cage is proposed in which rollers are arranged in pocket portions between the pillar portions, and the pair of annular side plates are fastened by rivets (see FIG. 3). Also, a pin insertion hole that penetrates the roller axis is inserted with a pin that rotatably supports the roller, and both ends of the pin are fixed to a pair of annular side plates by welding or the like. A roller bearing has been proposed (see Patent Document 4).
特許文献１では、保持器、内輪、円すいころが分離しないように、大鍔部に、保持器を引っ掛けるための切欠きを設ける必要がある。大鍔部の強度を維持するためには、大鍔の外径寸法を大きくすることになるが、そのスペースが確保できない場合がある。また、特許文献２では、内輪、保持器、円すいころが、組み付け時において分離するおそれがあり、軸受としての管理が非常に困難である。 In Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide a notch for hooking the cage in the large collar so that the cage, the inner ring, and the tapered roller are not separated. In order to maintain the strength of the large collar, the outer diameter of the large collar is increased, but the space may not be secured. Moreover, in patent document 2, there exists a possibility that an inner ring | wheel, a holder | retainer, and a tapered roller may isolate | separate at the time of an assembly | attachment, and management as a bearing is very difficult.
高負荷容量化のため、円すいころ軸受において内輪の小鍔、または小鍔・大鍔ともに無くした構造となり、そのために「ころを保持器に留めて、ころと保持器とを一体化する」必要性が生じている。一般的な円すいころ軸受においては、鉄板保持器や樹脂保持器が使用されているが、構造上から「内輪・ころ・保持器で一体化とする」形状（ころと保持器のみで一体化していない）になっている。 To increase the load capacity, tapered roller bearings have a structure that eliminates both small and large or small inner rings, and therefore it is necessary to "fasten the rollers in a cage and integrate the rollers and cages". Sex has arisen. In general tapered roller bearings, steel plate cages and resin cages are used, but from the structure, the shape is “integrated with inner ring / roller / cage” (integrated only with roller and cage). Not).
ころと保持器のみで両部材を一体化する場合、組み付け時にころが保持器から脱落しないようにする（一体化を保つ）ため、何らかのころ脱落防止構造が必要となる。通常であれば、保持器を複数の部品で構成させることが考えられる。しかし、例えば、特許文献３に示すような鋲止めでは、一体化するスペースが必要であり、高負荷容量化の目的からは逆行する。また、産業用途の軸受のサイズは小さいため、中空ころの製造や保持器の溶接作業も困難であり、特許文献４に示すような溶接ピンタイプも採用できない。 When both members are integrated only with a roller and a cage, a roller fall-off prevention structure is required to prevent the roller from dropping from the cage during assembly (maintaining integration). If usual, it can be considered that the cage is composed of a plurality of parts. However, for example, in the tacking as shown in Patent Document 3, a space for integration is required, and this goes backward for the purpose of increasing the load capacity. Further, since the size of a bearing for industrial use is small, it is difficult to manufacture hollow rollers and weld a cage, and a welding pin type as shown in Patent Document 4 cannot be adopted.
本発明はこのような問題に対処するためになされたものであり、小鍔を有さない構造において組み付け時のころ脱落を防止でき、高負荷容量化および小型化が可能な円すいころ軸受を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to cope with such problems, and provides a tapered roller bearing capable of preventing a roller from falling off when assembled in a structure having no small wrinkles, and capable of high load capacity and miniaturization. The purpose is to do.
本発明の円すいころ軸受は、外周面にテーパ状の軌道面を有する内輪と、内周面にテーパ状の軌道面を有する外輪と、上記内輪の軌道面と上記外輪の軌道面との間を転動する複数の円すいころと、上記円すいころをポケット部で転動自在に保持する保持器とを備えてなる円すいころ軸受であって、上記内輪は、小径側端部に小鍔を有さない構造、または、小径側端部に小鍔を有さず、かつ大径側端部に大鍔を有さない構造であり、上記保持器は、上記ポケット部に上記円すいころの案内部と脱落防止部とを有し、上記円すいころが上記脱落防止部の弾性変形を経て上記ポケット部に組み込まれて上記保持器と一体とされていることを特徴とする。 The tapered roller bearing according to the present invention includes an inner ring having a tapered raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface, an outer ring having a tapered raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface, and a raceway surface between the inner ring and the outer raceway surface. A tapered roller bearing comprising a plurality of tapered rollers that roll and a cage that holds the tapered rollers in a pocket so that the tapered rollers can roll freely. The inner ring has a small flange at the end on the small diameter side. Or a structure that does not have a small ridge at the small diameter side end and does not have a large ridge at the large diameter side end, and the cage has a guide portion for the tapered roller in the pocket portion. A drop prevention part, and the tapered roller is incorporated into the pocket part through elastic deformation of the drop prevention part and integrated with the retainer.
上記円すいころは、両端面にそれぞれ凹部を有し、上記保持器は、上記脱落防止部として、上記ポケット部にそれぞれの上記凹部に弾性変形を経て係合する凸部を有することを特徴とする。 The tapered rollers have concave portions on both end faces, and the retainer has convex portions that engage with the concave portions through elastic deformation in the pocket portions as the drop-off preventing portions. .
上記円すいころの一端面の上記凹部と他端面の上記凹部とが異形状であり、上記保持器における少なくとも一方の上記凸部は、上記凹部のいずれか一方のみと係合でき、他方とは係合できない形状であることを特徴とする。 The concave portion on one end surface of the tapered roller and the concave portion on the other end surface have different shapes, and at least one of the convex portions in the retainer can be engaged with only one of the concave portions, and the other is not related. It is a shape that cannot be matched.
上記保持器は、上記脱落防止部として、上記ポケット部の内径側または外径側であり上記案内部の反対側の開口部に、該開口部表面の円周方向幅を狭くする方向に該開口部の両長手方向面から上記円すいころを抱え込む形状に突出して形成された抱え込み部を有することを特徴とする。 The retainer serves as the drop-off prevention portion at the opening on the inner diameter side or outer diameter side of the pocket portion and on the opposite side of the guide portion in the direction of narrowing the circumferential width of the opening surface. It has the holding part formed so that it might protrude from the both longitudinal direction surfaces of a part in the shape which holds the said tapered roller.
上記抱え込み部は、上記開口部表面においてテーパ状の開口を形成し、上記円すいころにおいて、該円すいころを上記保持器に逆組みしようとした際、上記抱え込み部で形成される上記開口の開口幅の最少幅部と干渉する干渉部の寸法をＤｗ１、上記保持器において、上記抱え込み部で形成される上記開口の開口幅の最少幅寸法をＢｗ２としたとき、Ｂｗ２／Ｄｗ１≦０．９の寸法関係が成立することを特徴とする。なお、「逆組み」とは、保持器のポケット部の開口部に円すいころを正常方向とは逆向き（大径と小径とが入れ替わる向き）で組み込むことをいう。 The holding portion forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening portion, and the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion when the tapered roller is to be reversely assembled to the cage in the tapered roller. A dimension of Bw2 / Dw1 ≦ 0.9, where Dw1 is the dimension of the interference part that interferes with the minimum width part of the holder, and Bw2 is the minimum dimension of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding part in the cage. The relationship is established. Note that “reverse assembly” means that the tapered roller is assembled in the opening of the pocket portion of the cage in the direction opposite to the normal direction (the direction in which the large diameter and the small diameter are switched).
また、上記抱え込み部は、上記開口部表面においてテーパ状の開口を形成し、上記抱え込み部で形成される上記開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法をＢｗａ、上記円すいころの平均径寸法をＤｗａとしたとき、０．９１≦Ｂｗａ／Ｄｗａ≦０．９８の寸法関係が成立することを特徴とする。 Further, the holding portion forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening, the average width size of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion is Bwa, and the average diameter size of the tapered roller is Dwa. Then, the dimensional relationship of 0.91 ≦ Bwa / Dwa ≦ 0.98 is established.
上記保持器が樹脂成形体であることを特徴とする。また、上記保持器表面において、上記ポケット部間の柱部に肉ぬすみとなるスリットを有することを特徴とする。 The cage is a resin molded body. Further, the retainer surface is characterized by having a slit that becomes a thin portion in a column portion between the pocket portions.
上記保持器は、上記脱落防止部として、上記ポケット部の内径側または外径側であり上記案内部の反対側の開口部に、該開口部の長手方向面から突出した凸部を有することを特徴とする。また、上記保持器は、上記案内部および上記凸部を、それぞれ上記ポケット部の長手方向で離間して複数個有することを特徴とする。また、上記保持器が樹脂成形体であり、上記案内部と上記凸部とは、上記保持器を該円すいころ軸受の軸方向にみて重ならない位置にあることを特徴とする。 The retainer has a protrusion protruding from the longitudinal surface of the opening at the opening on the inner diameter side or outer diameter side of the pocket portion and on the opposite side of the guide portion as the drop-off prevention portion. Features. In addition, the cage includes a plurality of the guide portions and the convex portions that are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the pocket portion. In addition, the cage is a resin molded body, and the guide portion and the convex portion are in positions where the cage does not overlap when viewed in the axial direction of the tapered roller bearing.
本発明の円すいころ軸受は、上述の構成を有し、小鍔をなくした構造により、円すいころの長さを延長して負荷容量の増大および小型化を図りつつ、弾性変形を利用した一体化構造により組み付け時における保持器からの円すいころの脱落を防止できる。また、保持器を複数の部品から構成する必要がなく、小型化が可能であり、強度低下することもない。また、中空ころによるころ強度の低下や溶接作業をする必要がなく、保持器およびころの強度を低下させることなく、ころと保持器を一体化できる The tapered roller bearing of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and has an integrated structure utilizing elastic deformation while extending the length of the tapered roller to increase the load capacity and reducing the size by the structure without the small wrinkles. The structure can prevent the tapered roller from falling off the cage during assembly. Further, the cage does not need to be composed of a plurality of parts, can be miniaturized, and does not decrease in strength. Moreover, there is no need to reduce the strength of the roller due to the hollow roller or to perform welding work, and the roller and the cage can be integrated without reducing the strength of the cage and the roller.
円すいころが両端面にそれぞれ凹部を有し、保持器が脱落防止部としてポケット部にそれぞれの上記凹部に弾性変形を経て係合する凸部を有するので、それぞれの凹凸部に円すいころが引掛り、組み付け時における保持器からの円すいころの脱落を防止できる。また、円すいころ回転時の該凸部の摩耗も低減できる。 Tapered rollers have concave portions on both end faces, and the cage has convex portions that engage with the concave portions by elastic deformation in the pocket portions as drop-off preventing portions, so that the tapered rollers are caught on the concave and convex portions. It is possible to prevent the tapered roller from dropping from the cage during assembly. In addition, wear of the convex portion when the tapered roller rotates can be reduced.
円すいころの一端面の凹部と他端面の凹部とが異形状であり、保持器における少なくとも一方の凸部が、凹部のいずれか一方のみと係合でき、他方とは係合できない形状であるので、円すいころを正常方向とは逆向きで保持器に組み込もうとしても、係合できない凸部が干渉して組み込むことができない。これにより、逆組み（大径と小径とが入れ替り組み立てられる）を防止できる。 Since the concave portion on one end surface and the concave portion on the other end surface of the tapered roller are different in shape, at least one convex portion in the cage can be engaged with only one of the concave portions and cannot be engaged with the other. Even if the tapered roller is to be assembled into the cage in the direction opposite to the normal direction, the convex portion that cannot be engaged cannot be incorporated due to interference. Thereby, reverse assembly (a large diameter and a small diameter are interchanged and assembled) can be prevented.
保持器は、脱落防止部として、ポケット部の内径側または外径側であり案内部の反対側の開口部に、該開口部表面の円周方向幅を狭くする方向に該開口部の両長手方向面から円すいころを抱え込む形状に突出して形成された抱え込み部を有するので、抱え込み部に円すいころが引掛り、組み付け時における保持器からの円すいころの脱落を防止できる。 The retainer serves as a drop-off preventing portion at the opening on the inner diameter side or outer diameter side of the pocket portion and on the opposite side of the guide portion, in the direction of narrowing the circumferential width of the opening surface. Since the holding portion is formed so as to protrude from the direction surface so as to hold the tapered roller, the tapered roller is caught by the holding portion, and the tapered roller can be prevented from falling off from the cage during assembly.
抱え込み部は、上記開口部表面においてテーパ状の開口を形成し、逆組時の円すいころの干渉部寸法をＤｗ１、抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の最少幅寸法をＢｗ２としたとき、Ｂｗ２／Ｄｗ１≦０．９の寸法関係が成立するので、円すいころ干渉部側（大径側）が、抱え込み部で形成されるテーパ状開口の小径側と干渉し、弾性変形を考慮しても逆組できなくなる。 When the holding part forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening, the interference part dimension of the tapered roller during reverse assembly is Dw1, and the minimum width dimension of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding part is Bw2, Since the dimensional relationship of Bw2 / Dw1 ≦ 0.9 is established, the tapered roller interference portion side (large diameter side) interferes with the small diameter side of the tapered opening formed by the holding portion, and elastic deformation is taken into consideration. You can't reverse.
抱え込み部は、上記開口部表面においてテーパ状の開口を形成し、抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法をＢｗａ、円すいころの平均径寸法をＤｗａとしたとき、０．９１≦Ｂｗａ／Ｄｗａ≦０．９８の寸法関係が成立するので、組み込み時には、抱え込み部の引掛り代が割れない程度に弾性変形して組み込み可能であり、かつ、組み込み後には、円すいころが抱え込み部に引掛り保持器から外れることがない。 The holding portion forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening, and when the average width of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion is Bwa and the average diameter of the tapered roller is Dwa, 0.91 ≦ Since the dimensional relationship of Bwa / Dwa ≦ 0.98 is established, it can be assembled with elastic deformation to the extent that the catching portion of the holding portion does not break during installation, and after installation, the tapered roller is attached to the holding portion. Does not come off the hook retainer.
保持器が樹脂成形体であるので、上述の所定形状の弾性変形可能な脱落防止部を保持器本体と一体に容易に形成できる。また、樹脂成形体の保持器において、ポケット部間の柱部に肉ぬすみとなるスリットを有するので、ポケット部を形成する金型を外径側（または内径側）へ無理抜きする際、ポケット部の弾性変形量が大きくなり、応力が軽減でき、割れが生じない。 Since the cage is a resin molded body, the elastically deformable drop-off preventing portion having the predetermined shape can be easily formed integrally with the cage body. Further, in the cage of the resin molded body, since the pillar portion between the pocket portions has a slit that becomes a thin wall, when forcibly removing the mold forming the pocket portion to the outer diameter side (or inner diameter side), the pocket portion The amount of elastic deformation becomes larger, the stress can be reduced, and cracks do not occur.
保持器は、脱落防止部として、ポケット部の内径側または外径側であり案内部の反対側の開口部に、該開口部の長手方向面から突出した凸部を有するので、該凸部に円すいころが引掛り、組み付け時における保持器からの円すいころの脱落を防止できる。また、該凸部と案内部を、それぞれポケット部の長手方向で離間して複数個有するので、円すいころを安定して案内および保持できる。また、該凸部と案内部とが、保持器を円すいころ軸受の軸方向にみて重ならない位置にあるので、保持器を樹脂製とする場合、射出成形時において金型を軸方向に容易に抜くことができる。 The retainer has a convex portion protruding from the longitudinal surface of the opening portion at the opening on the inner diameter side or outer diameter side of the pocket portion and on the opposite side of the guide portion as a drop-off preventing portion. The tapered roller is caught and the tapered roller can be prevented from falling off from the cage during assembly. In addition, since the plurality of convex portions and guide portions are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the pocket portion, the tapered rollers can be guided and held stably. In addition, since the convex portion and the guide portion are positioned so that the cage does not overlap when viewed in the axial direction of the tapered roller bearing, when the cage is made of resin, the mold can be easily moved in the axial direction during injection molding. Can be removed.
本発明の円すいころ軸受の一実施例を図１および図２に基づいて説明する。図１は、内輪小鍔を有さない円すいころ軸受の軸方向断面図とその分解図であり、図２は保持器と円すいころの分解図である。図１に示すように、円すいころ軸受１は、外周面にテーパ状の軌道面２ａを有する内輪２と、内周面にテーパ状の軌道面３ａを有する外輪３と、内輪２の軌道面２ａと外輪３の軌道面３ａとの間を転動する複数の円すいころ４と、円すいころ４をポケット部で周方向一定間隔で転動自在に保持する保持器５とを備えてなる。各軌道面は、軸方向に沿って該軌道面を構成する径が増加・減少するテーパ状である。テーパの角度は特に限定されないが、軸方向に対して通常１５°〜６０°程度である。円すいころ軸受１において、内輪２の小径側端部に小鍔を有さず、内輪２の大径側端部に大鍔２ｂが一体形成されている。なお、本発明の円すいころ軸受は、少なくとも小鍔をなくした構造であればよく、必要に応じて小鍔・大鍔ともになくした構造としてもよい。 One embodiment of the tapered roller bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view and an exploded view of a tapered roller bearing having no inner ring gavel, and FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a cage and a tapered roller. As shown in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing 1 includes an inner ring 2 having a tapered raceway surface 2 a on an outer peripheral surface, an outer ring 3 having a tapered raceway surface 3 a on an inner peripheral surface, and a raceway surface 2 a of the inner ring 2. And a plurality of tapered rollers 4 that roll between the raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and a retainer 5 that holds the tapered rollers 4 in a pocket portion so as to be freely rollable at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Each raceway surface has a tapered shape in which the diameter constituting the raceway surface increases and decreases along the axial direction. The taper angle is not particularly limited, but is usually about 15 ° to 60 ° with respect to the axial direction. In the tapered roller bearing 1, a small flange is not formed at the small diameter side end portion of the inner ring 2, and a large flange 2 b is integrally formed at the large diameter side end portion of the inner ring 2. The tapered roller bearing according to the present invention may have a structure that eliminates at least the small wrinkles, and may have a structure that eliminates both the small and large wrinkles as necessary.
図１の分解図に示すように、円すいころ軸受１は、保持器５と円すいころ４とを一体化した一体品７とし、この一体品７と、内輪２と、外輪３とを組み合わせて対象部位に組み込んで使用する。このように保持器と円すいころとを一体品とする場合、上述のとおり、組み込み時に円すいころ４が保持器５から脱落しない（一体化を保つ）ために、何らかのころ脱落防止構造が必要となる。本発明の円すいころ軸受では、保持器のポケット部に円すいころの脱落防止部を有し、円すいころが該脱落防止部の弾性変形を経てポケット部に組み込まれて保持器と一体とされていることに特徴を有する。 As shown in the exploded view of FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing 1 is an integrated product 7 in which a cage 5 and a tapered roller 4 are integrated, and the integrated product 7, the inner ring 2, and the outer ring 3 are combined. Used by incorporating into the site. As described above, when the cage and the tapered roller are integrated, the tapered roller 4 does not fall off from the cage 5 (maintains integration) at the time of assembling. . In the tapered roller bearing of the present invention, the pocket portion of the retainer has a tapered roller drop-off preventing portion, and the tapered roller is incorporated into the pocket portion through elastic deformation of the drop-off preventing portion and integrated with the retainer. It has a special feature.
図２に示すように、保持器５は、大径リング部５ａと小径リング部５ｂとを複数の柱部５ｃで連結してなり、柱部５ｃ同士の間のポケット部６に円すいころ４を収納している。この形態では、円すいころ４の両端面にそれぞれ凹部（ぬすみ）４ａ、４ｂを有し、保持器５のポケット部６に脱落防止部として上記凹部に弾性変形を経て係合する凸部（突起）５ｄ、５ｅを有する。凹部４ａは円すいころ４の大径側端面に、凹部４ｂは円すいころ４の小径側端面に、それぞれ旋削等により形成されている。凸部５ｄは保持器５の大径リング部５ａ側のポケット部内面に、凸部５ｅは保持器５の小径リング部５ｂ側のポケット部内面に、それぞれ形成されている。これら凹凸部の引掛り代分を弾性変形させながら、円すいころ４を保持器５のポケット部６に挿入する（かち込む）ことで、凹部４ａと凸部５ｄが係合し、凹部４ｂと凸部５ｅが係合し、保持器５と円すいころ４とが一体となる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the cage 5 is formed by connecting a large-diameter ring portion 5a and a small-diameter ring portion 5b with a plurality of column portions 5c, and a tapered roller 4 is provided in a pocket portion 6 between the column portions 5c. Stored. In this embodiment, convex portions (protrusions) which have concave portions (bumps) 4a and 4b on the both end surfaces of the tapered roller 4 and engage with the concave portions as elastic parts by the pocket portions 6 of the cage 5 as drop-off preventing portions. 5d, 5e. The recess 4a is formed on the large-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller 4, and the recess 4b is formed on the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller 4, respectively. The convex portion 5d is formed on the inner surface of the pocket portion of the cage 5 on the large diameter ring portion 5a side, and the convex portion 5e is formed on the pocket portion inner surface of the cage 5 on the small diameter ring portion 5b side. The tapered roller 4 is inserted into (inserted into) the pocket portion 6 of the cage 5 while elastically deforming the catching amount of these uneven portions, whereby the concave portion 4a and the convex portion 5d are engaged, and the concave portion 4b and the convex portion are projected. The portion 5e is engaged, and the cage 5 and the tapered roller 4 are integrated.
保持器５と円すいころ４とは組み付け時の脱落を防止する程度には一体化されているが、運転時において、円すいころ４は保持器５のポケット部６内で転動自在とする必要がある。よって、凹凸部の形状は、円すいころと保持器との着脱方向に対して干渉する形状とし、円すいころの回転方向には引掛り等のない形状とする。図２に示す形態では、凹凸部ともに円状（略円すい台）としている。この形態において、凹部４ａ、凹部４ｂ、凸部５ｄ、および凸部５ｅは、円すいころ中心上に配置することが好ましい。これら凹凸部を円すいころ中心上に配置することで、回転時の凹凸部での摩擦を低減できる。 The cage 5 and the tapered roller 4 are integrated to the extent that they are prevented from falling off during assembly, but the tapered roller 4 needs to be able to roll within the pocket portion 6 of the cage 5 during operation. is there. Therefore, the shape of the concavo-convex portion is a shape that interferes with the attaching / detaching direction of the tapered roller and the cage, and is a shape that is not caught in the rotating direction of the tapered roller. In the form shown in FIG. 2, the concavo-convex portions are circular (substantially conical). In this embodiment, the concave portion 4a, the concave portion 4b, the convex portion 5d, and the convex portion 5e are preferably arranged on the center of the tapered roller. By arranging these uneven portions on the center of the tapered roller, it is possible to reduce friction at the uneven portions during rotation.
円すいころ軸受のころは円すい状のため、大径側と小径側が存在し、軸受の内・外輪との位置関係が決まっている。従来の円すいころ軸受（内輪・ころ・保持器を一体とする構造）では、内輪にころをセットした後に保持器をセットしており、内輪ところとの関係からころの逆組み（大径と小径とが入れ替り組み立てられる）有無の確認ができていた。これに対して、本発明のように、ころと保持器を一体化した後に組み込む場合には、ころと保持器の一体化の際に逆組みできない構造（逆組みできない設計的工夫）を設けることが好ましい。 Since the roller of the tapered roller bearing is conical, there are a large diameter side and a small diameter side, and the positional relationship between the inner and outer rings of the bearing is determined. In conventional tapered roller bearings (structures in which the inner ring, rollers, and cage are integrated), the cage is set after the rollers are set on the inner ring. It was possible to confirm the presence or absence). On the other hand, when the roller and the cage are integrated after being integrated as in the present invention, a structure that cannot be reversely assembled at the time of integrating the roller and the cage (a design device that cannot be reversely assembled) is provided. Is preferred.
ころの逆組みを防止する手段として、例えば、円すいころの一端面の凹部と他端面の凹部とを異形状（径や深さが異なる）とし、保持器における少なくとも一方の凸部が、凹部のいずれか一方のみと係合でき、他方とは係合できない形状とする。逆組みを防止する構造を図３に基づき説明する。図３（ａ）は、図２に示す保持器に円すいころを正常方向で組み込んだ状態であり、図３（ｂ）は、図２に示す保持器に円すいころを逆方向に仮に組み込むとした状態である。図３（ｂ）に示すように、保持器５の凸部５ｅは円すいころ４の凹部４ａよりも大きく、凸部５ｅと凹部４ａとは係合できない形状であるので、逆方向に組み込もうとしても該凸部が円すいころ４に干渉し、円すいころ４を保持器５のポケット部６に組み込むことができない。 As a means for preventing the reverse assembly of the rollers, for example, the concave portion on one end surface of the tapered roller and the concave portion on the other end surface have different shapes (diameter and depth are different), and at least one convex portion in the cage is The shape can be engaged with only one of the two, but not the other. A structure for preventing reverse assembly will be described with reference to FIG. 3A shows a state in which the tapered roller is assembled in the normal direction in the cage shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B shows that the tapered roller is temporarily incorporated in the reverse direction in the cage shown in FIG. State. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the convex portion 5e of the cage 5 is larger than the concave portion 4a of the tapered roller 4, and the convex portion 5e and the concave portion 4a cannot be engaged with each other. However, the convex portion interferes with the tapered roller 4, and the tapered roller 4 cannot be incorporated into the pocket portion 6 of the cage 5.
保持器における円すいころの案内部を図４に基づき説明する。図４（ａ）はポケット部の外径側に案内部を有する円すいころ軸受の軸方向断面図と、該ポケット部周囲を円すいころの軸心方向から見た模式図であり、図４（ｂ）はポケット部の内径側に案内部を有する円すいころ軸受の軸方向断面図と、該ポケット部周囲を円すいころの軸心方向から見た模式図である。図２に示す形態の凹凸部での一体化保持では、円すいころの動き（ガタ）を完全に抑制できないことから、図４（ａ）および（ｂ）に示すように、保持器外径側または内径側に円すいころ４を案内するための案内部５ｆを設けている。図４（ａ）に示す形態では、ポケット部６の外径側に該ポケット部開口の周方向幅を狭くする方向に形成された平坦面（ストレート面）からなる案内部５ｆを有する。図４（ｂ）に示す形態では、ポケット部６の内径側に該ポケット部開口の周方向幅を狭くする方向に形成された平坦面からなる案内部５ｆを有する。それぞれの形態において、運転時には円すいころ４は案内部５ｆの一部（図中Ｘ部分）に接触しながら転動する。また、保持器の該案内部５ｆが形成された側に円すいころ４が外れることを防止できる。 The guide part of the tapered roller in the cage will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is an axial sectional view of a tapered roller bearing having a guide portion on the outer diameter side of the pocket portion, and a schematic view of the periphery of the pocket portion viewed from the axial direction of the tapered roller. ) Is an axial sectional view of a tapered roller bearing having a guide portion on the inner diameter side of the pocket portion, and a schematic view of the periphery of the pocket portion viewed from the axial center direction of the tapered roller. In the integrated holding in the uneven portion of the form shown in FIG. 2, the movement (backlash) of the tapered roller cannot be completely suppressed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), A guide portion 5f for guiding the tapered roller 4 is provided on the inner diameter side. In the form shown in FIG. 4A, the guide portion 5f formed of a flat surface (straight surface) is formed on the outer diameter side of the pocket portion 6 so as to narrow the circumferential width of the pocket portion opening. In the form shown in FIG. 4B, the pocket portion 6 has a guide portion 5f formed of a flat surface formed in the direction of narrowing the circumferential width of the pocket portion opening on the inner diameter side. In each form, the tapered roller 4 rolls while in contact with a part of the guide portion 5f (X portion in the figure) during operation. Further, it is possible to prevent the tapered roller 4 from coming off on the side of the cage where the guide portion 5f is formed.
図４に示すような形態において、さらに案内部５ｆの反対側のポケット開口部の縁に脱落防止用の補助突起を設けてもよい。 In the form as shown in FIG. 4, an auxiliary protrusion for preventing dropout may be provided at the edge of the pocket opening on the opposite side of the guide portion 5 f.
保持器の材質は、上述の脱落防止部等を形成可能なものであれば特に限定されず、黄銅等の金属材や樹脂材を用いることができる。上述のような所定形状の弾性変形可能な脱落防止部を保持器本体と一体に容易に形成できることから、樹脂材を用いた樹脂成形体とすることが好ましい。特に、生産性にも優れることから樹脂材を金型を用いて射出成形した射出成形体とすることが好ましい。 The material of the cage is not particularly limited as long as it can form the above-described drop-off preventing portion, and a metal material such as brass or a resin material can be used. Since the above-described elastically deformable drop-off preventing portion having the predetermined shape can be easily formed integrally with the cage main body, it is preferable to form a resin molded body using a resin material. In particular, since it is excellent in productivity, it is preferable to use an injection-molded body obtained by injection-molding a resin material using a mold.
樹脂材料としては射出成形が可能であり、保持器材料として十分な耐熱性や機械的強度を有するものであれば、任意のものを使用できる。例えば、ポリアミド６（ＰＡ６）樹脂、ポリアミド６−６（ＰＡ６６）樹脂、ポリアミド６−１０（ＰＡ６１０）樹脂、ポリアミド９−Ｔ（ＰＡ９Ｔ）樹脂、ポリメタキシレンアジパミド（ポリアミドＭＸＤ−６）樹脂などのポリアミド（ＰＡ）樹脂、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン・パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体（ＰＦＡ）樹脂などの射出成形可能なフッ素樹脂、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）樹脂、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）樹脂、ポリアセタール（ＰＯＭ）樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド（ＰＰＳ）樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）樹脂、ポリアミドイミド（ＰＡＩ）樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）樹脂などが挙げられる。これらの各合成樹脂は単独で使用してもよく、２種類以上混合したポリマーアロイであってもよい。 Any resin material can be used as long as it can be injection-molded and has sufficient heat resistance and mechanical strength as a cage material. For example, polyamide 6 (PA6) resin, polyamide 6-6 (PA66) resin, polyamide 6-10 (PA610) resin, polyamide 9-T (PA9T) resin, polymetaxylene adipamide (polyamide MXD-6) resin, etc. Polyamide (PA) resin, polytetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) resin and other injection moldable fluororesins, polyethylene (PE) resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyacetal (POM) resin, Examples include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, polyamide imide (PAI) resin, polyether imide (PEI) resin, and the like. Each of these synthetic resins may be used alone or may be a polymer alloy in which two or more kinds are mixed.
また、保持器の弾性率などの機械的強度を向上させるため、これらの樹脂に、射出成形性を阻害しない範囲で、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、炭素繊維、各種鉱物性繊維（ウィスカー）などの繊維状補強材を配合することが好ましい。さらに必要に応じて、公知の充填材や添加剤として、珪酸カルシウム、クレー、タルク、マイカなどの無機充填材、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン樹脂粉末などの固体潤滑剤、帯電防止剤、導電材、顔料、離型材などを配合してもよい。 In addition, in order to improve the mechanical strength such as the elastic modulus of the cage, these resins are fibers such as glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, and various mineral fibers (whiskers) as long as they do not impair the injection moldability. It is preferable to mix a shape reinforcing material. Further, if necessary, as a known filler or additive, inorganic fillers such as calcium silicate, clay, talc and mica, solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder Further, an antistatic agent, a conductive material, a pigment, a release material, and the like may be blended.
脱落防止部の他の形態を図５に示す。図５（ａ）は保持器のポケット部周囲の平面図であり、図５（ｂ）は該ポケット部周囲を円すいころの軸心方向から見た模式図である。図５（ａ）および（ｂ）に示すように、この形態の保持器５は、脱落防止部として、ポケット部６の内径側または外径側であり案内部５ｆの反対側の開口部に、該開口部表面の円周方向幅を狭くする方向に該開口部の両長手方向面から円すいころ４を抱え込む形状に突出して形成された抱え込み部５ｇを有する。抱え込み部５ｇの軸方向両端には、ぬすみ部５ｈが形成されている。脱落防止部以外の保持器構成は、図２に示す形態と同様である。 Another form of the dropout prevention portion is shown in FIG. Fig.5 (a) is a top view around the pocket part of a holder | retainer, FIG.5 (b) is the schematic diagram which looked at this pocket part periphery from the axial center direction of the tapered roller. As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the cage 5 of this embodiment has, as a drop-off prevention portion, an opening on the inner diameter side or outer diameter side of the pocket portion 6 and on the opposite side of the guide portion 5f. It has a holding portion 5g formed so as to protrude into a shape for holding the tapered roller 4 from both longitudinal surfaces of the opening in a direction to narrow the circumferential width of the surface of the opening. Numerous portions 5h are formed at both axial ends of the holding portion 5g. The cage configuration other than the drop-off prevention unit is the same as that shown in FIG.
図５（ａ）に示すように、抱え込み部５ｇは、ポケット開口部表面においてテーパ状の開口を形成している。このテーパ状は円すいころの母線に沿った（平行な）形状である。円すいころを保持器５に組み込む際には、抱え込み部５ｇの引掛り代分を弾性変形させながら、円すいころをポケット部６に組み込む（かちこむ）必要がある。このため、抱え込み部５ｇで形成される開口の開口幅が円すいころ径より小さ過ぎると割れが生じるおそれがあり、大き過ぎるところが外れるおそれがあるため、適正な組み込み代の設定が必要である。また、逆組みできない設計的工夫もあることが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 5A, the holding portion 5g forms a tapered opening on the surface of the pocket opening. This taper shape is a shape (parallel) along the generatrix of the tapered roller. When incorporating the tapered roller into the cage 5, it is necessary to incorporate (clamp) the tapered roller into the pocket portion 6 while elastically deforming the catching amount of the holding portion 5g. For this reason, if the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion 5g is too smaller than the diameter of the tapered roller, there is a possibility that cracking may occur, and there is a possibility that the excessively large part may come off, so an appropriate assembling allowance needs to be set. It is also preferable that there is a design device that cannot be reversely assembled.
円すいころの寸法および抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅と、逆組可否との関係を図６および表１に基づいて説明する。図６は、円すいころ４において、該円すいころを保持器５に逆組みしようとした際、抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の最少幅部と干渉する干渉部の寸法（Ｄｗ１）と、保持器５における抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の最少幅寸法（Ｂｗ２）を示す図であり、表１はこれらの寸法比を変化させて逆組可否を調べた結果である。なお、保持器材質はＰＡ６６樹脂製（ガラス繊維３０体積％配合）であり、射出成形により抱え込み部を含めて一体成形した。 The relationship between the size of the tapered roller and the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion and whether or not reverse assembly is possible will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the dimensions (Dw1) of the interference portion that interferes with the minimum width portion of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion when the tapered roller 4 is to be reversely assembled to the cage 5. It is a figure which shows the minimum width dimension (Bw2) of the opening width | variety of the opening formed in the holding part in the holder | retainer 5, Table 1 is the result of investigating the possibility of reverse assembly by changing these dimension ratios. The cage material was made of PA66 resin (containing 30% by volume of glass fiber), and was integrally formed by injection molding including the holding portion.
逆組可否は、円すいころの向きを正常の逆にして、抱え込み部で形成される開口側からポケット部に組み込み、その可否を判定した。
表１より、逆組時の円すいころの干渉部寸法をＤｗ１、保持器の抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の最少幅寸法をＢｗ２としたとき、Ｂｗ２／Ｄｗ１≦０．９の寸法関係を満たす場合に逆組を防止できていることが分かる。すなわち、この寸法関係とすることで、円すいころ干渉部側（大径側）が、抱え込み部で形成されるテーパ状開口の小径側と干渉し、弾性変形を考慮しても逆組できなくなる。 From Table 1, dimensional relationship of Bw2 / Dw1 ≦ 0.9, where Dw1 is the interference part dimension of the tapered roller during reverse assembly and Bw2 is the minimum width dimension of the opening formed in the holding part of the cage. It can be seen that reverse assembly can be prevented when the above condition is satisfied. That is, with this dimensional relationship, the tapered roller interference part side (large diameter side) interferes with the small diameter side of the tapered opening formed by the holding part, and even if elastic deformation is taken into consideration, the reverse assembly cannot be performed.
円すいころの寸法および抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅と、組み込み性および脱落防止能力との関係を図７および表２に基づいて説明する。図７は、円すいころ４の平均径寸法（Ｄｗａ）と、保持器５における抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法（Ｂｗａ）を示す図であり、表１はこれらの寸法比を変化させて組み込み性および脱落防止能力を調べた結果である。円すいころの平均径寸法、抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法は、それぞれの軸方向中央位置の径・幅に等しい。なお、保持器材質はＰＡ６６樹脂製（ガラス繊維３０体積％配合）であり、射出成形により抱え込み部を含めて一体成形した。 The relationship between the size of the tapered roller and the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion, and the assembling property and the drop-off preventing ability will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the average diameter dimension (Dwa) of the tapered roller 4 and the average width dimension (Bwa) of the opening width of the opening formed at the holding portion in the cage 5, and Table 1 shows the ratio of these dimensions. This is a result of examining the incorporation property and the ability to prevent the drop-off by changing. The average diameter dimension of the tapered roller and the average width dimension of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion are equal to the diameter and width of the respective axial center positions. The cage material was made of PA66 resin (containing 30% by volume of glass fiber), and was integrally formed by injection molding including the holding portion.
判定は、抱え込み部に割れがなく円すいころを組み込みでき（組み込み性）、かつ、組み込み後に通常の使用態様で分離しない（脱落防止能力）場合を「○」とし、いずれかを満たさない場合を「×」とした。
表２より、抱え込み部で形成される開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法をＢｗａ、円すいころの平均径寸法をＤｗａとしたとき、０．９１≦Ｂｗａ／Ｄｗａ≦０．９８の寸法関係を満たす場合に優れた組み込み性および脱落防止能力を両立できていることが分かる。すなわち、この寸法関係とすることで、組み込み時には、抱え込み部の引掛り代が割れない程度に弾性変形して組み込み可能であり、かつ、組み込み後には、円すいころが抱え込み部に引掛り保持器から外れることを防止できる。 From Table 2, when satisfying the dimensional relationship of 0.91 ≦ Bwa / Dwa ≦ 0.98, where Bwa is the average width of the openings formed in the holding portion and Dwa is the average diameter of the tapered rollers It can be seen that it is possible to achieve both excellent mounting property and ability to prevent dropping. In other words, with this dimensional relationship, when assembled, it can be incorporated with elastic deformation to the extent that the catching portion of the holding part is not broken, and after installation, the tapered roller is pulled from the hooking cage to the holding part. It can be prevented from coming off.
抱え込み部に円すいころから円周方向（円すいころの公転方向）の力を受けると、モーメント力となり、保持器の柱部根元に大きな応力を発生させることになる。よって、運転中には、案内部に円すいころを接触させ、抱え込み部と円すいころが接触しないように設計する必要がある。このような構造として、例えば図８に示すように、ポケット部６の内径面において、案内部５ｆを平坦面（ストレート面）とし、該平坦面と円すいころ４の隙間（Ａ１）と、抱え込み部５ｇと円すいころ４の隙間（Ａ２）がＡ１＜Ａ２となる構造とできる。これにより運転時、抱え込み部５ｇと円すいころ４が接触することなく、保持器５の柱部根元への応力発生を防止できる。 When a force in the circumferential direction (the direction of revolution of the tapered roller) is received from the tapered roller at the holding portion, a moment force is generated, and a large stress is generated at the base of the cage column. Therefore, during operation, it is necessary to design so that the tapered portion is in contact with the guide portion and the holding portion and the tapered roller are not in contact with each other. As such a structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, on the inner diameter surface of the pocket portion 6, the guide portion 5f is a flat surface (straight surface), the gap (A1) between the flat surface and the tapered roller 4 and the holding portion. The gap (A2) between 5 g and the tapered roller 4 can be structured such that A1 <A2. Thereby, the stress generation | occurrence | production to the pillar part base of the holder | retainer 5 can be prevented, without the holding part 5g and the tapered roller 4 contacting at the time of a driving | operation.
保持器を樹脂成形体とする場合、その製造手段として削り加工と、上述した射出成形加工（金型成形加工）が採用できる。射出成形加工の場合、ポケット部を形成する金型を外径側または内径側へ抜く際、各部位（案内部や抱え込み部）を弾性変形させながら抜くことになる（無理抜き）。その際、ポケット部の開口寸法が小さいと、過大な応力が発生し、割れが生じるおそれがある。このため、円すいころの組み込みをし易く、かつ、金型からの無理抜きをし易い形状の工夫が必要である。このような形状として、例えば図９に示すように、保持器５表面において、ポケット部６同士の間の柱部５ｃに肉ぬすみとなるスリット８を設けることができる。これにより、ポケット部６の弾性変形量が大きくなり、応力が軽減でき、射出成形の際の無理抜き時にも割れが生じない。 When the cage is a resin molded body, it is possible to employ a shaving process and the above-described injection molding process (mold molding process) as manufacturing means. In the case of injection molding, when the mold forming the pocket portion is pulled out to the outer diameter side or the inner diameter side, each portion (guide portion and holding portion) is pulled out while being elastically deformed (unreasonable removal). At this time, if the opening size of the pocket portion is small, excessive stress is generated, and there is a possibility that cracking occurs. For this reason, it is necessary to devise a shape that makes it easy to incorporate a tapered roller and to easily remove the tapered roller. As such a shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, on the surface of the cage 5, a slit 8 that becomes a thin wall can be provided in the column portion 5 c between the pocket portions 6. As a result, the amount of elastic deformation of the pocket portion 6 is increased, the stress can be reduced, and cracking does not occur even during forced removal during injection molding.
円すいころと保持器との一体品の状態で落下した場合、衝撃は外径側から加わる。そのため、円すいころは内径側に抜けにくい構造とすること好ましい。このような構造として、例えば図１０に示すように、保持器５の抱え込み部５ｇの先端を内径側に広く、外径側に狭くした形状（くさび形状５ｉ）にする。くさび形状５ｉにすることで、円すいころ４を組み込み易くし、かつ、組み込み後は外れにくい構造になる。 When the taper roller and the cage are dropped together, the impact is applied from the outer diameter side. Therefore, it is preferable that the tapered roller has a structure that is difficult to come out to the inner diameter side. As such a structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a shape (wedge shape 5i) in which the tip of the holding portion 5g of the cage 5 is wide on the inner diameter side and narrowed on the outer diameter side. By adopting the wedge shape 5i, the tapered roller 4 is easily assembled, and the structure is difficult to come off after the assembly.
脱落防止部の他の形態を図１２〜図１４に示す。図１２（ａ）および図１３（ａ）は保持器のポケット部周囲の斜視図であり、図１２（ｂ）および図１３（ｂ）は保持器の軸方向断面図であり、図１４（ａ）は図１３の保持器において脱落防止用の凸部の位置の断面であり、図１４（ｂ）は案内部の位置の断面である。図１２および図１３に示すように、この形態の保持器５は、脱落防止部として、ポケット部６の内径側であり案内部５ｆの反対側の開口部に、該開口部の長手方向面から突出した凸部５ｊを有する。この長手方向面はポケット部６を構成する長手方向面であり、柱部５ｃの側面（ポケット側の面）である。案内部５ｆは、ポケット部６の外径側開口部に該ポケット部開口の周方向幅を狭くする方向に両長手方向面から突出して形成された平坦面からなる。図１２の形態では、案内部５ｆと凸部５ｊが、ポケット部６の一つの長手方向面に１箇所ずつ形成され、円すいころの一部を案内・保持する形状とされている。一方、図１３の形態では、案内部５ｆと凸部５ｊが、ポケット部６の一つの長手方向面において、長手方向で離間して複数箇所（２箇所ずつ）形成され、円すいころの一部をこれらで案内・保持する形状とされている。図１４に示すように、案内部５ｆは、円すいころ４の軸方向の一部の位置で両長手方向面から該円すいころ４を案内し、脱落防止用の凸部５ｊは、円すいころ４の軸方向の一部の位置（案内部５ｆと同じ軸方向位置でも、異なる軸方向位置でもよい）で、両長手方向面から該円すいころ４を保持している。 Other forms of the drop-off prevention unit are shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 13 (a) are perspective views around the pocket portion of the cage, and FIGS. 12 (b) and 13 (b) are axial sectional views of the cage. ) Is a cross section of the position of the convex portion for preventing dropout in the cage of FIG. 13, and FIG. 14B is a cross section of the position of the guide portion. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the cage 5 of this form is provided as a drop-off preventing portion on the inner diameter side of the pocket portion 6 and on the opposite side of the guide portion 5 f from the longitudinal direction surface of the opening portion. It has a protruding portion 5j. This longitudinal surface is a longitudinal surface constituting the pocket portion 6, and is a side surface (a surface on the pocket side) of the column portion 5c. The guide portion 5f is composed of a flat surface formed at the outer diameter side opening portion of the pocket portion 6 so as to protrude from both longitudinal direction surfaces in a direction of narrowing the circumferential width of the pocket portion opening. In the form of FIG. 12, the guide portion 5f and the convex portion 5j are formed one by one on one longitudinal surface of the pocket portion 6, and have a shape for guiding and holding a part of the tapered roller. On the other hand, in the form of FIG. 13, the guide portion 5 f and the convex portion 5 j are formed at a plurality of locations (two locations) spaced apart in the longitudinal direction on one longitudinal surface of the pocket portion 6, and a part of the tapered roller is formed. These shapes are used for guiding and holding. As shown in FIG. 14, the guide portion 5 f guides the tapered roller 4 from both longitudinal surfaces at a partial position in the axial direction of the tapered roller 4, and the drop-out preventing convex portion 5 j is provided on the tapered roller 4. The tapered roller 4 is held from both longitudinal surfaces at a part of the axial direction (may be the same axial position as the guide portion 5f or a different axial position).
図１２（ｂ）および図１３（ｂ）に示すように、案内部５ｆと凸部５ｊは、保持器５を円すいころ軸受の軸方向にみて重ならない位置に形成されている。これにより、保持器を樹脂製とする場合、射出成形時において金型を軸方向に容易に抜くことができる。 As shown in FIGS. 12B and 13B, the guide portion 5f and the convex portion 5j are formed at positions where the cage 5 does not overlap when viewed in the axial direction of the tapered roller bearing. Thereby, when the cage is made of resin, the mold can be easily pulled out in the axial direction at the time of injection molding.
以上、各図に基づき本発明の実施形態の一例を説明したが、本発明の円すいころ軸受はこれらに限定されるものではない。また、上記した脱落防止部などの各構成は、それらを適宜組み合わせて設けることもできる。 As mentioned above, although an example of embodiment of this invention was demonstrated based on each figure, the tapered roller bearing of this invention is not limited to these. Moreover, each structure, such as an above-mentioned drop-off prevention part, can also be provided in combination as appropriate.
本発明の円すいころ軸受は、小鍔を有さない構造において組み付け時のころ脱落を防止でき、高負荷容量化および小型化が可能であるので、産業ロボット用など、高モーメント荷重を負荷し、かつ高剛性機能が求められる産業用の円すいころ軸受として好適に利用できる。 The tapered roller bearing of the present invention can prevent roller dropout during assembly in a structure that does not have a small wrinkle, and can have a high load capacity and downsizing. In addition, it can be suitably used as an industrial tapered roller bearing that requires a high rigidity function.
１ 円すいころ軸受
２ 内輪
３ 外輪
４ 円すいころ
５ 保持器
６ ポケット部
７ 一体品
８ スリット
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tapered roller bearing 2 Inner ring 3 Outer ring 4 Tapered roller 5 Cage 6 Pocket part 7 Integral product 8 Slit
Claims (11)
前記内輪は、小径側端部に小鍔を有さない構造、または、小径側端部に小鍔を有さず、かつ大径側端部に大鍔を有さない構造であり、
前記保持器は、前記ポケット部に前記円すいころの案内部と脱落防止部とを有し、前記円すいころが前記脱落防止部の弾性変形を経て前記ポケット部に組み込まれて前記保持器と一体とされていることを特徴とする円すいころ軸受。 An inner ring having a tapered raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface, an outer ring having a tapered raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface, and a plurality of tapered rollers rolling between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring; , A tapered roller bearing comprising a cage that holds the tapered roller in a pocketable manner so as to roll freely,
The inner ring has a structure that does not have a small edge at the small diameter side end, or a structure that does not have a small edge at the small diameter side end and a large diameter at the large diameter side end,
The retainer has a guide portion and a drop-off prevention portion for the tapered roller in the pocket portion, and the tapered roller is incorporated into the pocket portion through elastic deformation of the drop-off prevention portion and integrated with the retainer. Tapered roller bearings characterized by being made.
前記保持器は、前記脱落防止部として、前記ポケット部にそれぞれの前記凹部に弾性変形を経て係合する凸部を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の円すいころ軸受。 The tapered rollers have recesses on both end faces,
2. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the retainer has, as the drop-off prevention portion, a convex portion that engages with each of the concave portions through elastic deformation in the pocket portion.
前記円すいころにおいて、該円すいころを前記保持器に逆組みしようとした際、前記抱え込み部で形成される前記開口の開口幅の最少幅部と干渉する干渉部の寸法をＤｗ１、前記保持器において、前記抱え込み部で形成される前記開口の開口幅の最少幅寸法をＢｗ２としたとき、Ｂｗ２／Ｄｗ１≦０．９の寸法関係が成立することを特徴とする請求項４記載の円すいころ軸受。 The holding portion forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening,
In the tapered roller, when the tapered roller is reversely assembled to the cage, the dimension of the interference portion that interferes with the minimum width portion of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion is Dw1, in the cage 5. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 4, wherein a dimensional relationship of Bw2 / Dw1 ≦ 0.9 is established when a minimum width dimension of the opening width of the opening formed by the holding portion is Bw2.
前記抱え込み部で形成される前記開口の開口幅の平均幅寸法をＢｗａ、前記円すいころの平均径寸法をＤｗａとしたとき、０．９１≦Ｂｗａ／Ｄｗａ≦０．９８の寸法関係が成立することを特徴とする請求項４または請求項５記載の円すいころ軸受。 The holding portion forms a tapered opening on the surface of the opening,
When the average width dimension of the opening width of the opening formed in the holding portion is Bwa and the average diameter dimension of the tapered roller is Dwa, a dimensional relationship of 0.91 ≦ Bwa / Dwa ≦ 0.98 is established. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 4 or 5, wherein
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014064735A JP6266401B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2014-03-26 | Tapered roller bearing |
| PCT/JP2015/055289 WO2015129709A1 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-02-24 | Tapered roller bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014034529 | 2014-02-25 | ||
| JP2014034529 | 2014-02-25 | ||
| JP2014064735A JP6266401B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2014-03-26 | Tapered roller bearing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2015178888A true JP2015178888A (en) | 2015-10-08 |
| JP6266401B2 JP6266401B2 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2014064735A Expired - Fee Related JP6266401B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2014-03-26 | Tapered roller bearing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017098886A1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-15 | Ntn株式会社 | Rolling bearing |
| CN117006165A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-11-07 | 依必艾传动***(上海)有限公司 | Layered array arrangement method for tapered rollers of hub bearing |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE339764C (en) * | 1919-05-02 | 1921-08-06 | Llewellyn Milford Ellis | Roller bearings |
| FR2086556A5 (en) * | 1970-04-01 | 1971-12-31 | Skf Cie Applic Mecanique | |
| JPH06159370A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1994-06-07 | Skf Gmbh | Unhulled-rice removing cage for roller |
| JP2001041223A (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-02-13 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Roller with retainer |
| JP2002227849A (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2002-08-14 | Nsk Ltd | Tapered roller bearing retainer and double row tapered roller bearing unit |
| JP2013199955A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Ntn Corp | Retainer for roller bearing and roller bearing structure |
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 JP JP2014064735A patent/JP6266401B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE339764C (en) * | 1919-05-02 | 1921-08-06 | Llewellyn Milford Ellis | Roller bearings |
| FR2086556A5 (en) * | 1970-04-01 | 1971-12-31 | Skf Cie Applic Mecanique | |
| JPH06159370A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1994-06-07 | Skf Gmbh | Unhulled-rice removing cage for roller |
| JP2001041223A (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-02-13 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Roller with retainer |
| JP2002227849A (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2002-08-14 | Nsk Ltd | Tapered roller bearing retainer and double row tapered roller bearing unit |
| JP2013199955A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Ntn Corp | Retainer for roller bearing and roller bearing structure |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017098886A1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-15 | Ntn株式会社 | Rolling bearing |
| CN117006165A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-11-07 | 依必艾传动***(上海)有限公司 | Layered array arrangement method for tapered rollers of hub bearing |
| CN117006165B (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2024-03-12 | 依必艾传动***(上海)有限公司 | Layered array arrangement method for tapered rollers of hub bearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6266401B2 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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