JP2015178570A - Ground improvement material and ground improvement method - Google Patents
Ground improvement material and ground improvement method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2015178570A JP2015178570A JP2014056959A JP2014056959A JP2015178570A JP 2015178570 A JP2015178570 A JP 2015178570A JP 2014056959 A JP2014056959 A JP 2014056959A JP 2014056959 A JP2014056959 A JP 2014056959A JP 2015178570 A JP2015178570 A JP 2015178570A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- allophane
- soil
- ground improvement
- ground
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、地盤の強度改善を図る地盤改良工法に用いられる地盤改良材および該地盤改良材を用いた地盤改良工法に関する。 The present invention relates to a ground improvement material used in a ground improvement method for improving the strength of the ground and a ground improvement method using the ground improvement material.
地盤の改良を行う工法としては、地盤から掘り起こした土壌と地盤改良材と水とを混合して流動化土を形成し、該流動化土を地盤に埋め戻して硬化させることで、地盤改良材が混合される前の地盤よりも強度が向上した改良地盤を形成する方法が採用されている。例えば、掘り起こした土壌に生石灰系土質改良材を混合し、これにセメント系固化材（地盤改良材）のスラリーを混合することで、流動化土を形成する。そして、該流動化土を埋め戻して硬化させることで、元の地盤の強度よりも高い強度を有する改良地盤を形成する地盤改良工法が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。 As a method of improving the ground, the soil improved from the ground, the ground improvement material and water are mixed to form fluidized soil, and the fluidized soil is backfilled into the ground and hardened. A method of forming an improved ground whose strength is higher than that of the ground before being mixed is adopted. For example, a fluidized soil is formed by mixing a quicklime-based soil improvement material into the excavated soil and mixing a cement-based solidifying material (ground improvement material) slurry thereto. And the ground improvement construction method which forms the improved ground which has intensity | strength higher than the intensity | strength of the original ground by backfilling and hardening this fluidized soil is proposed (refer patent document 1).
ところで、上記のような地盤改良工法において、アロフェン（Ａｌ2Ｏ3・（１〜２）ＳｉＯ2・ｎＨ2Ｏ）を比較的多量に含有する土壌を用いる場合、形成される流動化土を埋め戻して硬化させることで形成される改良地盤は、アロフェンの含有量が低い土壌を用いて形成された改良地盤よりも強度が低くなることが知られている。これは、セメント系固化材として用いるセメント成分から供給されるカルシウムの一部が、アロフェンに吸着し、セメント成分の硬化反応が阻害されるためと考えられる。このため、流動化土中のアロフェンの含有量は、一般的に可能な限り少ない方が望ましい。 By the way, in the ground improvement construction method as described above, when using a soil containing a relatively large amount of allophane (Al 2 O 3 · (1-2) SiO 2 · nH 2 O), the formed fluidized soil is buried. It is known that the improved ground formed by returning and hardening is lower in strength than the improved ground formed using soil having a low allophane content. This is presumably because a part of calcium supplied from the cement component used as the cement-based solidifying material is adsorbed on the allophane, and the hardening reaction of the cement component is inhibited. For this reason, it is generally desirable that the allophane content in the fluidized soil be as small as possible.
しかしながら、アロフェンの含有量が比較的少ない、又は、含有しない土壌を用いた場合であっても、流動化土を埋め戻した後の作業性を考慮すると、改良地盤の強度がより迅速に発現されることが望まれている。 However, even when using soil with relatively low or no allophane content, considering the workability after backfilling the fluidized soil, the strength of the improved ground is expressed more quickly. It is hoped that
そこで、本発明は、地盤改良工法に用いられる地盤改良材と土壌とが混合されて硬化することで形成される改良地盤の強度を迅速に発現させることができる地盤改良材を提供すると共に、該地盤改良材を用いた地盤改良工法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a ground improvement material capable of rapidly expressing the strength of the improved ground formed by mixing and hardening the ground improvement material and soil used in the ground improvement construction method, It is an object to provide a ground improvement method using a ground improvement material.
本発明に係る地盤改良材は、土壌と混合されて地盤の改良に用いられる地盤改良材であって、アロフェンを含有するアロフェン材とセメント系固化材とから構成されており、土壌と混合された際のアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの割合が５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェンの含有量が調整されてなることを特徴とする。 The ground improvement material according to the present invention is a ground improvement material used for soil improvement mixed with soil, and is composed of an allophane material containing allophane and a cement-based solidifying material, and is mixed with soil. The content of allophane is adjusted so that the proportion of allophane derived from the allophane material and soil is 5% by mass or more and 47% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of allophane material and soil at the time. To do.
本発明に係る地盤改良工法は、土壌と地盤改良材とを混合したものを用いて地盤の改良を行う地盤改良工法であって、地盤改良材は、アロフェンを含有するアロフェン材とセメント系固化材とから構成されており、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの合計量がアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェン材の量が調整されてなることを特徴とする。 The ground improvement method according to the present invention is a ground improvement method for improving the ground using a mixture of soil and ground improvement material, the ground improvement material comprising allophane-containing allophane material and cement-based solidification material. The amount of the allophane material is adjusted so that the total amount of allophane derived from the allophane material and the soil is 5% by mass to 47% by mass with respect to the total amount of the allophane material and the soil. It is characterized by becoming.
斯かる構成の地盤改良材および地盤改良工法によれば、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの合計量がアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェン材の量が調整されてなる地盤改良材を用いることで、セメント系固化材のみから構成される地盤改良材を用いた場合よりも、改良地盤の強度を迅速に発現させることができる。 According to the ground improvement material and the ground improvement construction method having such a configuration, the total amount of allophane derived from the allophane material and the soil is 5% by mass to 47% by mass with respect to the total amount of the allophane material and the soil. By using the ground improvement material in which the amount of the allophane material is adjusted, the strength of the improved ground can be expressed more quickly than in the case of using the ground improvement material composed only of the cement-based solidified material.
上記の地盤改良工法では、地盤改良材を構成するアロフェン材と土壌とを混合して混合物を形成した後、地盤改良材を構成するセメント系固化材と該混合物とを混合することが好ましい。 In the above ground improvement method, it is preferable to mix the allophenic material constituting the ground improvement material and the soil to form a mixture, and then mixing the cement-based solidifying material constituting the ground improvement material and the mixture.
斯かる構成によれば、地盤改良材を構成するアロフェン材と土壌とを混合して混合物が形成された後、地盤改良材を構成するセメント系固化材と該混合物とが混合されることで、地盤改良材を構成するアロフェン材およびセメント系固化材を同時に土壌と混合する場合よりも均一に混合を行うことができる。 According to such a configuration, after the allophane material constituting the ground improvement material and the soil are mixed to form a mixture, the cement-based solidifying material constituting the ground improvement material and the mixture are mixed, The allophane material and the cement-based solidifying material constituting the ground improvement material can be mixed more uniformly than in the case of mixing with soil at the same time.
以上のように、本発明によれば、地盤改良工法に用いられる地盤改良材と土壌とが混合されて硬化することで形成される改良地盤の強度を迅速に発現させることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the strength of the improved ground formed by mixing and hardening the ground improvement material used in the ground improvement method and the soil can be rapidly expressed.
本発明に係る地盤改良材は、例えば、地盤から採掘するなどして得られる土壌に混合されて用いられるものである。本発明に係る地盤改良材が適用される土壌としては、アロフェンの含有量が４７質量％未満であるが、アロフェンの含有量が２１質量％以下であってもよく、１．５質量％以下であってもよく、１質量％以下であってもよい。土壌の種類としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、一般的な粘性土や、砂質土等が挙げられる。 The ground improvement material according to the present invention is used by being mixed with soil obtained by mining from the ground, for example. As the soil to which the ground improvement material according to the present invention is applied, the allophane content is less than 47 mass%, but the allophane content may be 21 mass% or less, and 1.5 mass% or less. It may be 1% by mass or less. The kind of soil is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include general viscous soil and sandy soil.
本発明に係る地盤改良材は、アロフェンを含有するアロフェン材とセメント系固化材とから構成される。アロフェン材としては、アロフェンの含有量が９０％以上の試薬や粘土鉱物等が挙げられる。また、地盤改良材は、土壌中のアロフェンの含有量に対応した量のアロフェンを含有するように構成される。具体的には、地盤改良材は、土壌と混合された際のアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対するアロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの割合が５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェンの含有量が調整されてなるものである。また、斯かる割合は、種々の条件によっては、１０質量％以上３９質量％以下であってもよく、１０質量％以上２９質量％以下であってもよい。また、斯かる割合は、他の条件によっては、５質量％以上１５質量％以下であってもよく、５質量％以上１０質量％以下であってもよい。また、斯かる割合は、更に他の条件によっては、２４質量％以上２８質量％以下であってもよく、２４質量％以上３５質量％以下であってもよい。 The ground improvement material according to the present invention includes an allophane material containing allophane and a cement-based solidifying material. Examples of the allophane material include reagents and clay minerals having an allophane content of 90% or more. The ground improvement material is configured to contain allophane in an amount corresponding to the content of allophane in the soil. Specifically, the ground improvement material is allophane so that the ratio of the allophane material and the allophane derived from the soil to the total amount of the allophane material and the soil when mixed with the soil is 5% by mass or more and 47% by mass or less. The content of is adjusted. Moreover, such a ratio may be 10 mass% or more and 39 mass% or less depending on various conditions, and may be 10 mass% or more and 29 mass% or less. In addition, depending on other conditions, such a ratio may be 5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, or 5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less. Further, such a ratio may be 24% by mass or more and 28% by mass or less, or may be 24% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less depending on other conditions.
セメント系固化材としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、普通、早強、超早強等の各種ポルトランドセメント、該ポルトランドセメントに高炉スラグ、シリカ、フライアッシュを混合してなる各種混合セメント、白色セメント、超速硬セメント、アルミナセメントなど、一般的なセメントを使用することができる。 The cement-based solidifying material is not particularly limited. For example, various portland cements such as normal, early strength, and super early strength, and various mixed cements obtained by mixing blast furnace slag, silica, and fly ash with the portland cement. Common cements such as white cement, super-hard cement, and alumina cement can be used.
地盤改良材を構成するセメント系固化材の量としては、特に限定されるものではなく、土壌の性状に応じて適宜設定することができる。例えば、対象土１ｍ3に対して５０ｋｇ以上５００ｋｇ以下であることが好ましく、１５０ｋｇ以上２５０ｋｇ以下であることがより好ましい。 It does not specifically limit as quantity of the cement-type solidification material which comprises a ground improvement material, According to the property of soil, it can set suitably. For example, it is preferably 50 kg or more and 500 kg or less, more preferably 150 kg or more and 250 kg or less with respect to 1 m 3 of the target soil.
なお、上記のアロフェン材および土壌におけるアロフェンの含有量は、北川、「土壌中のアロフェンおよび非晶質無機成分の定量に関する研究」（農技研報 Ｂ、（１９７７）、第２９号、ｐ．１〜４８）に報告された「８Ｎ ＨＣｌ−０．５Ｎ ＮａＯＨ交互溶解法」に従って求まるものである。 In addition, allophane content in the above-mentioned allophane material and soil is as follows: Kitagawa, “Study on Quantification of Allophane and Amorphous Inorganic Components in Soil” (Agricultural Research Institute B, (1977), No. 29, p. 1 To 48), which is determined according to the “8N HCl-0.5N NaOH alternating dissolution method”.
具体的には、あらかじめ１０５℃で２４時間乾燥したアロフェンを含む原料１ｇを重量既知のガラス製蓋付遠心管に入れ、８Ｎ 塩酸を５０ｍＬ加えて、３０分間振とうした後、２８００ｒｐｍで６分間遠心分離後、上澄みを捨てる。次に、沈殿を１度蒸留水によって洗浄（２８００ｒｐｍで６分間遠心分離洗浄を２回）した後、０．５Ｎ 水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を５０ｍｌ加えて、６０℃の湯浴中に５分間遠心管ごと浸した後、２８００ｒｐｍで６分間遠心分離洗浄後、上澄みを捨てる。以上の操作を１〜５回繰返して最後の０．５Ｎ水酸化ナトリウム水溶液処理後の沈殿を蒸留水で洗浄した後、１０５℃で２４時間乾燥し、秤量して処理に伴う減量を求める。処理回数に対する減量をそれぞれｘ軸とｙ軸にプロットして作成した溶解曲線から、その曲線の直線部分を延長して、ｙ軸との交点を求めて、交点のｙ軸の値をアロフェンの含量とし、アロフェンを含む原料に対する割合からアロフェン含有量（質量％）を算出した。 Specifically, 1 g of a raw material containing allophane previously dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours is put into a centrifuge tube with a known weight, added with 50 mL of 8N hydrochloric acid, shaken for 30 minutes, and then centrifuged at 2800 rpm for 6 minutes. Discard the supernatant after separation. Next, the precipitate is washed once with distilled water (centrifuged and washed twice at 2800 rpm for 6 minutes), 50 ml of 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added, and the whole tube is placed in a 60 ° C. water bath for 5 minutes. After soaking, the supernatant is discarded after centrifugation and washing at 2800 rpm for 6 minutes. The above operation is repeated 1 to 5 times, and the precipitate after the final 0.5N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution treatment is washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, and weighed to determine the weight loss associated with the treatment. From the dissolution curve created by plotting the weight loss with respect to the number of treatments on the x-axis and y-axis, respectively, the linear part of the curve is extended to obtain the intersection with the y-axis, and the y-axis value of the intersection is the allophane content The allophane content (% by mass) was calculated from the ratio to the raw material containing allophane.
次に、本発明に係る地盤改良工法について説明する。該地盤改良工法は、例えば、地盤改良の対象となる地盤を掘削して得られる土壌と地盤改良材とを混合して改良地盤を形成したり、地盤改良の対象となる地盤以外の地盤等から得られる土壌と地盤改良材とを混合して改良地盤を形成したりするものである。 Next, the ground improvement method according to the present invention will be described. The ground improvement construction method is, for example, forming the improved ground by mixing the soil obtained by excavating the ground to be ground improvement and the ground improvement material, or from the ground other than the ground to be ground improvement, etc. The obtained soil and the ground improvement material are mixed to form an improved ground.
土壌と地盤改良材とを混合する方法としては、特に限定されるものではないが、アロフェン材とセメント系固化材とが別々に土壌と混合されることが好ましい。具体的には、地盤改良材を構成するアロフェン材と土壌とを粉体同士で混合して混合物を形成する。一方、地盤改良材を構成するセメント系固化材と所定量の水とを混合してスラリー状の注入材を形成する。水量としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、セメント系固化材１００重量部に対して６０重量部以上１５０重量部以下とすることができる。なお、土壌と地盤改良材とを混合する方法としては、アロフェン材と土壌との混合物にセメント系固化材の粉体を添加して混合するようにしてもよい。 The method of mixing the soil and the ground improvement material is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the allophane material and the cement-based solidifying material are separately mixed with the soil. Specifically, the allophane material which comprises a ground improvement material, and soil are mixed with powder, and a mixture is formed. On the other hand, a cement-type solidifying material constituting the ground improvement material and a predetermined amount of water are mixed to form a slurry-like injection material. The amount of water is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 60 parts by weight or more and 150 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cement-based solidified material. In addition, as a method of mixing the soil and the ground improvement material, a cement-based solidifying material powder may be added to and mixed with the mixture of the allophane material and the soil.
そして、混合物と注入材とを混合して流動化土を形成する。そして、得られた流動化土を土壌に形成した孔へ供給して硬化させることで、孔の周囲の地盤よりも強度が高い改良地盤が形成される。斯かる地盤改良工法では、流動化土は、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの合計量がアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるため、地盤改良材としてセメント系固化材のみを用いた場合よりも、改良地盤の強度を迅速に発現させることができる。 Then, the mixture and the injection material are mixed to form fluidized soil. And the improved ground whose intensity | strength is higher than the ground around a hole is formed by supplying and hardening the obtained fluidized soil to the hole formed in the soil. In such ground improvement method, since the total amount of allophane derived from the allophane material and the soil is 5% by mass or more and 47% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the allophane material and the soil, As compared with the case where only cement-based solidified material is used, the strength of the improved ground can be rapidly expressed.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
＜試験１＞
１．使用材料
・試料土１：カオリン試薬（キシダ化学社製）を含水比５０％に加水したもの。
・試料土２：砂質土（ジョイフル本田社製）を含水比２０％に加水したもの。
・試料土３：自然土（成田市において採取したもの）
・試料土４：自然土（佐倉市において採取したもの）
・アロフェン材：アロフォサイトＰ−１（品川化成社製）
・セメント系固化材１：高炉セメントＢ種（住友大阪セメント社製）
・セメント系固化材２：タフロック３Ｅ（住友大阪セメント社製）
・水
<Test 1>
1. Materials used / Sample soil 1: A kaolin reagent (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) added to a water content ratio of 50%.
Sample soil 2: Sandy soil (manufactured by Joyfull Honda Co., Ltd.) hydrated to a moisture content of 20%.
・ Sample soil 3: Natural soil (collected in Narita City)
・ Sample soil 4: Natural soil (collected in Sakura City)
・ Allophane material: Allophytosite P-1 (manufactured by Shinagawa Kasei Co., Ltd.)
・ Cement-based solidification material 1: Blast furnace cement type B (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement)
・ Cement-based solidification material 2: Tough rock 3E (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement)
·water
２．アロフェンの含有量の測定
試料土１〜４およびアロフェン材に対して、上記実施形態の方法で、アロフェンの含有量を測定した。測定結果については、下記表１に示す。
2. Measurement of Allophane Content The content of allophane was measured for the sample soils 1 to 4 and the allophane material by the method of the above embodiment. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.
３．一軸圧縮強さの測定と評価
下記表２〜９に記載の実施例１〜２８、比較例１〜１８の配合で、上記の各材料を混練し、ＪＧＳ ０８２１に準拠して供試体（φ５×１０ｃｍ）を作製した。なお、「アロフェン量」とは、試料土とアロフェン材との合計量に対する試料土およびアロフェン材に由来するアロフェンの割合（％）を意味する。得られた各供試体を２０℃、湿度９５％の環境下で、２８日間、封緘養生した。そして、養生後の各供試体に対して供試体作製後１日目（材齢１日）、および、２８日目（材齢２８日）の一軸圧縮強さをＪＩＳ Ａ １２１６に準拠して測定した。測定結果については、下記表２〜９に示す。そして、材齢１日、および、材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが同配合の基準例に対して高い場合には「◎」、材齢１日の一軸圧縮強さが同配合の基準例に対して高い場合には「○」、材齢１日、および、材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが同配合の基準例に対して低い場合には「×」として評価を行った。評価結果については、下記表２〜９に示す。
3. Measurement and Evaluation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength Each of the above materials was kneaded in the formulations of Examples 1 to 28 and Comparative Examples 1 to 18 shown in Tables 2 to 9 below, and a specimen (φ5 × 10 cm). The “allophane amount” means the ratio (%) of allophane derived from the sample soil and the allophane material to the total amount of the sample soil and the allophane material. Each obtained specimen was sealed and cured for 28 days in an environment of 20 ° C. and 95% humidity. Then, for each specimen after curing, the uniaxial compressive strength was measured according to JIS A 1216 on the first day after the specimen preparation (material age 1 day) and on the 28th day (material age 28 days). did. The measurement results are shown in Tables 2 to 9 below. And, when the uniaxial compressive strength of the material age is 1 day and the material age of 28 days is higher than the reference example of the same composition, “◎”, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the material age of 1 day is the reference example of the same composition On the other hand, when the uniaxial compressive strength was low with respect to the reference example of the same composition, the evaluation was made as “X”. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 2 to 9 below.
４．まとめ
表２を見ると、各比較例よりも各実施例の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材と高炉セメントＢ種とから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、カオリンから構成される土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が１０質量％以上３０質量％以下、好ましくは１９質量％以上２５質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。
4). Summary When Table 2 is seen, it is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of each Example is higher than that of each Comparative Example. That is, when using the ground improvement material composed of allophane material and blast furnace cement type B to improve the ground composed of soil composed of kaolin, the amount of allophane is 10% by mass to 30% by mass, preferably By adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material so as to be 19% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, it is possible to obtain an improved ground that rapidly develops strength.
表３を見ると、各比較例よりも各実施例の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材とタフロック３Ｅとから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、カオリンから構成される土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が１０質量％以上４０質量％以下、好ましくは１９質量％以上２５質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。 When Table 3 is seen, it is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of each Example is higher than that of each Comparative Example. That is, when using the ground improvement material composed of allophane material and tough rock 3E to improve the ground composed of soil composed of kaolin, the amount of allophane is 10 mass% or more and 40 mass% or less, preferably 19 By adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material so as to be not less than 25% by mass and not more than 25% by mass, it is possible to obtain an improved ground that rapidly develops strength.
表４および５を見ると、表４では比較例５よりも各実施例の方が、表５では比較例６よりも各実施例の方が、材齢１日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材と高炉セメントＢ種又はタフロック３Ｅとから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、砂質土から構成される土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、少なくとも材齢１日の強度発現が迅速な改良地盤を得ることができる。 Tables 4 and 5 show that the uniaxial compressive strength of each example is higher in Table 4 than in Comparative Example 5 in Table 4, and each Example in Table 5 is higher than Comparative Example 6 in Table 5. Is recognized. That is, when improving the ground made of soil composed of sandy soil using the ground improvement material composed of allophane material and blast furnace cement B type or tough rock 3E, the amount of allophane is 5% by mass or more and 47%. By adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material so as to be equal to or less than the mass%, it is possible to obtain an improved ground having a rapid strength development of at least one day of age.
また、表４の実施例１０および１１と実施例１２〜１６および比較例５とを比較すると、実施例１０および１１の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。また、表５の実施例１７および１８と実施例１９〜２３および比較例６とを比較すると、実施例１７および１８の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材と高炉セメントＢ種又はタフロック３Ｅとから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、砂質土から構成される土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が５質量％以上１３質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。 In addition, when Examples 10 and 11 in Table 4 are compared with Examples 12 to 16 and Comparative Example 5, Examples 10 and 11 have higher uniaxial compressive strength than material 1 day and material 28 days. Is recognized. Moreover, when Examples 17 and 18 in Table 5 were compared with Examples 19 to 23 and Comparative Example 6, Examples 17 and 18 had higher uniaxial compressive strength than material 1 day and material 28 days. Is recognized. That is, when improving the ground consisting of soil composed of sandy soil using the ground improvement material composed of allophane material and blast furnace cement type B or tough rock 3E, the amount of allophane is 5% by mass or more and 13%. By adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material so as to be equal to or less than mass%, it is possible to obtain an improved ground that rapidly develops strength.
表６を見ると、比較例７よりも各実施例の方が材齢１日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材と高炉セメントＢ種とから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、試料土３のような土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が２４質量％以上３０質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、少なくとも材齢１日の強度発現が迅速な改良地盤を得ることができる。 When Table 6 is seen, it is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of each Example is higher than the comparative example 7 at the age of 1 day. That is, when the ground improvement material composed of the allophane material and the blast furnace cement B type is used to improve the ground made of soil such as the sample soil 3, the amount of allophane is 24% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. By adjusting the content of allophane in the ground improvement material as described above, it is possible to obtain an improved ground having a rapid strength development of at least one day of age.
また、実施例２４と実施例２５および比較例７とを比較すると、実施例２４の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材と高炉セメントＢ種とから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、試料土３のような土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が２４質量％以上２７質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。 Moreover, when Example 24 is compared with Example 25 and Comparative Example 7, it is recognized that Example 24 has higher uniaxial compressive strength than material age 1 day and material age 28 days. That is, when the ground improvement material composed of the allophane material and the blast furnace cement type B is used to improve the ground made of soil such as the sample soil 3, the amount of allophane is 24% by mass or more and 27% by mass or less. By adjusting the content of allophane in the ground improvement material as described above, an improved ground that rapidly develops strength can be obtained.
表７を見ると、比較例８よりも各実施例の方が材齢１日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材とタフロック３Ｅとから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、試料土３のような土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が２４質量％以上４０質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、少なくとも材齢１日の強度発現が迅速な改良地盤を得ることができる。 When Table 7 is seen, it is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of each Example is higher than the comparative example 8 at the age of 1 day. That is, when using the ground improvement material composed of the allophane material and the tough rock 3E to improve the ground made of soil such as the sample soil 3, the amount of allophane is 24% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. In addition, by adjusting the content of allophane in the ground improvement material, it is possible to obtain an improved ground having a rapid strength development of at least one day of age.
また、実施例２６および２７と、実施例２８および比較例８とを比較すると、実施例２６および２７の方が材齢１日および材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが高いことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン材とタフロック３Ｅとから構成される地盤改良材を用いて、試料土３のような土壌からなる地盤を改良する際には、アロフェン量が２４質量％以上３３質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。 In addition, when Examples 26 and 27 are compared with Example 28 and Comparative Example 8, it is recognized that Examples 26 and 27 have higher uniaxial compressive strength at a material age of 1 day and a material age of 28 days. That is, when the ground improvement material composed of the allophane material and the tough rock 3E is used to improve the ground made of soil such as the sample soil 3, the amount of allophane is 24% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less. In addition, by adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material, it is possible to obtain an improved ground that rapidly develops strength.
表８および９を見ると、アロフェン量が４７質量％を超えるような範囲では、アロフェン材を含む地盤改良材を用いた場合であっても、材齢１日および材齢２８日に良好な一軸圧縮強さを得ることができないことが認められる。つまり、アロフェン量が４７質量％以下となるように地盤改良材中のアロフェンの含有量が調節されることで、迅速に強度発現する改良地盤を得ることができる。 As shown in Tables 8 and 9, in the range where the amount of allophane exceeds 47% by mass, even when the ground improvement material containing the allophane material is used, it is a good uniaxial material at 1 day of age and 28 days of age. It is recognized that the compressive strength cannot be obtained. In other words, by adjusting the allophane content in the ground improvement material so that the amount of allophane is 47% by mass or less, it is possible to obtain an improved ground that rapidly develops strength.
以上のことから、アロフェンの含有量が４７質量％以下の土壌に対して、アロフェン量が５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェンの含有量が調整された地盤改良材を用いることで、改良地盤の一軸圧縮強さを迅速に発現させることができると認められる。 From the above, by using the ground improvement material in which the allophane content is adjusted so that the allophane content is 5% by mass to 47% by mass with respect to the soil having the allophane content of 47% by mass or less. It is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of the improved ground can be rapidly expressed.
＜試験２＞
なお、上記のアロフェン材に代えてスメクタイトを用いた場合の比較例を下記に示す。
<Test 2>
In addition, the comparative example at the time of using smectite instead of said allophane material is shown below.
１．使用材料
・試料土１：カオリン試薬（キシダ化学社製）を含水比５０％に加水したもの。
・スメクタイト（ベントナイト穂高 ホージュン社製）
・セメント系固化材１：高炉セメントＢ種（住友大阪セメント社製）
・セメント系固化材２：タフロック３Ｅ（住友大阪セメント社製）
・水
1. Materials used / Sample soil 1: A kaolin reagent (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) added to a water content ratio of 50%.
・ Smectite (Bentonite Hotaka Hojun Co.)
・ Cement-based solidification material 1: Blast furnace cement type B (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement)
・ Cement-based solidification material 2: Tough rock 3E (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement)
·water
２．アロフェンの含有量の測定
試料土１およびスメクタイトに対して、上記実施形態の方法で、アロフェンの含有量を測定した。測定結果については、下記表１０に示す。
2. Measurement of Allophane Content The content of allophane was measured for the sample soil 1 and smectite by the method of the above embodiment. The measurement results are shown in Table 10 below.
３．一軸圧縮強さの測定と評価
上記の＜試験１＞と同一の方法で材齢１日、および、材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さを測定して評価した。測定結果および評価結果は、下記表１１に示す。
3. Measurement and Evaluation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength The uniaxial compressive strength was measured by the same method as in the above <Test 1>, and the uniaxial compressive strength was measured and evaluated for 28 days. The measurement results and evaluation results are shown in Table 11 below.
４．まとめ
表２〜９の各実施例と表１１および１２の各比較例とを比較すると、アロフェン材に代えてスメクタイトを用いた比較例１９〜２４の場合には、アロフェン材を用いた場合よりも、材齢１日、および、材齢２８日の一軸圧縮強さが顕著に向上しないことが認められる。つまり、地盤改良材の構成としてアロフェン材を用いることで、改良地盤の一軸圧縮強さを迅速に発揮させることができると認められる。
4). Summary When comparing each example in Tables 2 to 9 and each comparative example in Tables 11 and 12, in the case of Comparative Examples 19 to 24 using smectite instead of the allophane material, compared to the case of using the allophane material. It can be seen that the uniaxial compressive strength of material 1 day and material 28 days is not significantly improved. That is, it is recognized that the uniaxial compressive strength of the improved ground can be rapidly exhibited by using the allophane material as the structure of the ground improving material.
Claims (3)
アロフェンを含有するアロフェン材とセメント系固化材とから構成されており、
土壌と混合された際のアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの割合が５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェンの含有量が調整されてなることを特徴とする地盤改良材。 A ground improvement material that is mixed with soil and used to improve the ground,
It consists of an allophane material containing allophane and a cement-based solidifying material,
The content of allophane is adjusted so that the ratio of allophane material and allophane derived from the soil is 5 mass% or more and 47 mass% or less with respect to the total amount of the allophane material and the soil when mixed with the soil. The ground improvement material characterized by becoming.
地盤改良材は、アロフェンを含有するアロフェン材とセメント系固化材とから構成されており、アロフェン材および土壌に由来するアロフェンの合計量がアロフェン材と土壌との合計量に対して５質量％以上４７質量％以下となるようにアロフェン材の量が調整されてなることを特徴とする地盤改良工法。 A ground improvement method for improving the ground using a mixture of soil and ground improvement material,
The ground improvement material is composed of an allophane material containing allophane and a cement-based solidified material, and the total amount of allophane derived from allophane material and soil is 5% by mass or more based on the total amount of allophane material and soil. A ground improvement method characterized in that the amount of allophane material is adjusted to 47% by mass or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014056959A JP2015178570A (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | Ground improvement material and ground improvement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014056959A JP2015178570A (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | Ground improvement material and ground improvement method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2015178570A true JP2015178570A (en) | 2015-10-08 |
Family
ID=54262853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014056959A Pending JP2015178570A (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | Ground improvement material and ground improvement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2015178570A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017089319A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-25 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Vertical shaft construction method |
-
2014
- 2014-03-19 JP JP2014056959A patent/JP2015178570A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017089319A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-25 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Vertical shaft construction method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Dinakar et al. | Concrete mix design for high strength self-compacting concrete using metakaolin | |
| Oti et al. | Compressive strength and microstructural analysis of unfired clay masonry bricks | |
| James et al. | Effect of phosphogypsum on strength of lime stabilized expansive soil | |
| CN106277953B (en) | C30 recycled aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| Abdalla et al. | Mechanical properties of eco-friendly concrete made with sugarcane bagasse ash | |
| Muthusamy et al. | Assessment of Malaysian laterite aggregate in concrete | |
| Suksiripattanapong et al. | Properties of soft Bangkok clay stabilized with cement and fly ash geopolymer for deep mixing application | |
| CN101445342B (en) | Concrete material for reinforcing high-performance structure project, preparation method and use thereof | |
| Cristelo | Estabilização de solos residuais graníticos através da adição de cal | |
| Sharma et al. | Use of waste marble powder as partial replacement in cement sand mix | |
| JP2015178570A (en) | Ground improvement material and ground improvement method | |
| JP2019059886A (en) | Solidification material | |
| Behak et al. | Performance of low-volume roads with wearing course of silty sand modified with rice husk ash and lime | |
| Naik et al. | Comparative study of effect of silica fume and quarry dust on strength of self compacting concrete | |
| Witzany et al. | Physical and mechanical characteristics of building materials of historic buildings | |
| Chompoorat et al. | Engineering properties of controlled low-strength material (CLSM) as an alternative fill material | |
| WO2019138538A1 (en) | Method for improving ground | |
| JP2014152223A (en) | Ground improvement material, assistant for ground improvement and ground improvement method | |
| Nithin et al. | Stabilization of silty sand using fly ash and coir fiber | |
| JP2016074559A (en) | Cement slurry and ground improvement method | |
| CA2545810C (en) | Cementitious composition for use in elevated to fully saturated salt environments | |
| Mukharjee et al. | Compressive strength of nano-silica incorporated recycled aggregate concrete | |
| JP6568431B2 (en) | Soil improvement material and soil improvement method | |
| JP6679837B2 (en) | Cement composition | |
| JP6512472B2 (en) | Method of predicting strength of improved soil and method of producing improved soil |