JP2015168395A - Work machine - Google Patents

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JP2015168395A
JP2015168395A JP2014046674A JP2014046674A JP2015168395A JP 2015168395 A JP2015168395 A JP 2015168395A JP 2014046674 A JP2014046674 A JP 2014046674A JP 2014046674 A JP2014046674 A JP 2014046674A JP 2015168395 A JP2015168395 A JP 2015168395A
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steering
wheel
wheel steering
control mode
wheels
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幸枝 相原
Yukie Aihara
幸枝 相原
出井 義人
Yoshito Idei
義人 出井
田中 秀明
Hideaki Tanaka
秀明 田中
佑輔 南方
Yusuke Minakata
佑輔 南方
晃志 黒見
Akishi Kuromi
晃志 黒見
博紀 斎藤
Hiroki Saito
博紀 斎藤
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Kubota Corp
Saito Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
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Kubota Corp
Saito Agricultural Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a work machine that not only can turn in a small radius but also easily make a course adjustment even when travelling with either one of a front part and a rear part of a travelling machine body being positioned at a front side in an advancing direction, and further can move from a working/travelling region already worked to the next working/travelling region by short distance travel.SOLUTION: The work machine, equipped with a steering operation device 10 that controls a front wheel steering actuator 54 and a rear wheel steering actuator 56 and operates steering of a pair of left and right front wheels 2 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 3, can control the front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56, in each of a front wheel steering control mode for steering only the front wheels 2, a rear wheel steering control mode for steering only the rear wheels 3, both wheels same-steering direction control mode for steering the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 in the same steering direction and both wheel opposite steering direction control mode for steering the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 in opposite directions.

Description

本発明は、左右一対の前車輪及び左右一対の後車輪によって自走する走行機体と、前記左右一対の前車輪を操向操作する前輪操向アクチュエータと、前記左右一対の後車輪を操向操作する後輪操向アクチュエータとを備えた作業機に関する。   The present invention includes a traveling body that is self-propelled by a pair of left and right front wheels and a pair of left and right rear wheels, a front wheel steering actuator that steers the pair of left and right front wheels, and a steering operation of the pair of left and right rear wheels. The present invention relates to a work machine including a rear wheel steering actuator.

従来、特許文献1に示される作業用車両の操向装置があった。この操向装置では、前輪操向用シリンダ、後輪操向用シリンダ、ステアリング操作部材の回転方向及び回転量に応じた圧油を前輪操向用シリンダ及び後輪操向用シリンダに送る油圧回路、ステアリングモード切換えスイッチが備えられている。ステアリングモード切換えスイッチを切換えることにより、ステアリングモードを前輪のみを操舵する2WSモード、前後輪を逆位相に操舵する小回りモード又は前後輪を同位相に操舵するカニモードのいずれかに設定するように構成されている。   Conventionally, there has been a steering device for a working vehicle disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this steering apparatus, a hydraulic circuit that sends pressure oil corresponding to the rotation direction and the rotation amount of the steering operation member to the front wheel steering cylinder and the rear wheel steering cylinder. A steering mode switching switch is provided. By switching the steering mode switch, the steering mode is set to either 2WS mode for steering only the front wheels, small turning mode for steering the front and rear wheels in opposite phase, or crab mode for steering the front and rear wheels to the same phase. Has been.

従来、特許文献2に示されるトラクタの操向制御装置があった。この操向制御装置は、前輪の操向アームに連動連結された操向シリンダ、後輪の操向アームに連動連結された操向シリンダ、前輪の操向シリンダ及び後輪の操向シリンダを操向油圧回路を介して操作するステアリングハンドルが備えられ、前輪操向スイッチをONにして前輪操向モードが得られ、後輪操向スイッチをONにして後輪操向モードが得られ、逆相4WSスイッチをONにして逆相操向モードが得られるものである。前輪操向モードでは、後車輪を中立位置に固定されて直進状態を維持していて、前車輪による操向が行われ、後輪操向モードでは、前車輪を中立位置に固定されて、後車輪による操向が行われ、逆相操向モードでは、前車輪と後車輪とを逆向きにして旋回することができるものである。   Conventionally, there has been a steering control device for a tractor disclosed in Patent Document 2. This steering control device controls a steering cylinder linked to a steering arm for a front wheel, a steering cylinder linked to a steering arm for a rear wheel, a steering cylinder for a front wheel, and a steering cylinder for a rear wheel. The steering wheel is operated via the hydraulic circuit, the front wheel steering switch is turned on to obtain the front wheel steering mode, the rear wheel steering switch is turned on to obtain the rear wheel steering mode, The 4WS switch is turned on to obtain the reverse phase steering mode. In the front wheel steering mode, the rear wheel is fixed at the neutral position and kept straight, and the front wheel is steered.In the rear wheel steering mode, the front wheel is fixed at the neutral position and Steering by wheels is performed, and in the reverse phase steering mode, the front wheels and the rear wheels can be turned in opposite directions.

特開2003−291833号公報JP 2003-291833 A 特開平6−298109号公報JP-A-6-298109

走行機体を前進させると共に走行機体の操向操作を行なうことにより、走行機体の前部を作業箇所に位置合わせするなど、進路調整を行なう際、特許文献1に開示された技術の場合、前車輪及び後車輪を同じ操向向きに操向させるカニモード(両輪同操向制御モードに相当)では、走行機体が横向きに平行移動するので、前車輪及び後車輪を逆の操向向きに操向させる小回りモード(両輪逆操向制御モードに相当)では、走行機体の旋回半径が小さくなり過ぎるので、前車輪のみを操向させる2WSモード(前輪操向制御モードに相当)で、進路調整を行なわねばならない。しかし、2WSモードでは、走行機体の進行方向前側に位置する車輪を操向操作し、走行機体の進行方向での後側に旋回中心が位置するため、微細な進路調整を行ない難い。   In the case of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the front wheel is used when performing a course adjustment, for example, by aligning the front portion of the traveling machine body to the work location by moving the traveling machine body forward and performing a steering operation of the traveling machine body. In the crab mode (corresponding to the steering control mode for both wheels) in which the rear wheels are steered in the same steering direction, the front and rear wheels are steered in the opposite steering direction because the traveling body moves in parallel in the lateral direction. In the small turning mode (corresponding to the two-wheel reverse steering control mode), the turning radius of the traveling vehicle body becomes too small, so the course is adjusted in the 2WS mode (corresponding to the front wheel steering control mode) in which only the front wheels are steered. I have to. However, in the 2WS mode, the steering wheel is steered on the front side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, and the turning center is located on the rear side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body.

走行機体が作業走行域の終点に到達し、走行機体を次の作業走行域へ移動させる際、特許文献2に開示された技術の場合、前車輪及び後車輪を逆の操向向きに操向させる逆相操向モード(両輪逆操向制御モードに相当)では、走行機体の旋回半径が小さくなり過ぎるので、前車輪のみを操向させる前輪操向モード(前輪操向制御モードに相当)及び後車輪のみを操向させる後輪操向モード(後輪操向制御モードに相当)で、走行機体を作業済みの作業走行域から次の作業走行域へ旋回走行させねばならない。しかし、前輪操向モード及び後輪操向モードでは、走行機体が旋回走行するため、作業済みの作業走行域から次の作業走行域への移動距離が長くなる。   When the traveling machine body reaches the end point of the work traveling area and moves the traveling machine body to the next working traveling area, in the case of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, the front wheels and the rear wheels are steered in the opposite steering directions. In the reverse phase steering mode (corresponding to the two-wheel reverse steering control mode), the turning radius of the traveling vehicle body becomes too small, so the front wheel steering mode (corresponding to the front wheel steering control mode) in which only the front wheels are steered, and In the rear wheel steering mode (corresponding to the rear wheel steering control mode) in which only the rear wheels are steered, the traveling machine body must be turned from the work travel area where the work has been completed to the next work travel area. However, in the front-wheel steering mode and the rear-wheel steering mode, the traveling machine body turns, so that the moving distance from the already-worked work travel area to the next work travel area becomes long.

本発明の目的は、小回り旋回ができるのみならず、走行機体の前部及び後部のいずれを進行方向前側にして走行する際でも進路調整を行ない易く、かつ、作業済みの作業走行域から次の作業走行域への移動を短距離走行で行える作業機を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is not only to make a small turn, but also to easily adjust the course when traveling with either the front part or the rear part of the traveling aircraft in the forward direction, and from the work work area where the work has been completed, An object of the present invention is to provide a work machine capable of moving to a work travel area by a short distance travel.

本第1発明による作業機は、
左右一対の前車輪及び左右一対の後車輪によって自走する走行機体と、
前記左右一対の前車輪を操向操作する前輪操向アクチュエータと、
前記左右一対の後車輪を操向操作する後輪操向アクチュエータと、
前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御することによって前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を操向操作する操向操作装置とを備え、
前記左右一対の前車輪のみを操向操作させる前輪操向制御モード、前記左右一対の後車輪のみを操向操作させる後輪操向制御モード、前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を同操向方向に操向操作させる両輪同操向制御モード、及び前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を逆操向方向に操向操作させる両輪逆操向制御モードのそれぞれにおいて、前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御できるように構成されている。
The work machine according to the first invention is:
A traveling body that self-propels by a pair of left and right front wheels and a pair of left and right rear wheels;
A front wheel steering actuator for steering the left and right pair of front wheels;
A rear wheel steering actuator for steering the left and right rear wheels;
A steering operation device for steering the left and right pair of front wheels and the left and right pair of rear wheels by controlling the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator;
Front wheel steering control mode for steering only the pair of left and right front wheels, rear wheel steering control mode for steering only the pair of left and right rear wheels, the pair of left and right front wheels and the pair of left and right rear wheels In the two-wheel steering control mode for steering the two wheels in the same steering direction, and in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode for steering the left and right pair of front wheels and the pair of left and right rear wheels in the reverse steering direction. The front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator can be controlled.

本構成によると、前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを操向操作装置によって両輪逆操向制御モードで制御すれば、前車輪の操向方向と後車輪の操向方向とが逆方向になり、走行機体を小旋回半径で旋回走行させられる。   According to this configuration, if the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are controlled by the steering operation device in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode, the steering direction of the front wheels and the steering direction of the rear wheels are reversed. Thus, the traveling machine body can be turned with a small turning radius.

走行機体を前進走行させる際、前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを操向操作装置によって後輪操向制御モードで制御すれば、走行機体の進行方向後側に位置する車輪としての後車輪のみが操向操作され、走行機体の進行方向での前側に旋回中心を位置させる状態で進路調整をできる。   When the traveling vehicle body travels forward, if the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are controlled by the steering operation device in the rear wheel steering control mode, the rear wheel as a wheel located on the rear side in the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body Only the steering operation is performed, and the course can be adjusted in a state where the turning center is positioned on the front side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body.

走行機体を後進走行させる際、前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを操向操作装置によって前輪操向制御モードで制御すれば、走行機体の進行方向後側に位置する車輪としての前車輪のみが操向操作され、走行機体の進行方向での前側に旋回中心を位置させる状態で進路調整をできる。   When the traveling vehicle is driven backward, if the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are controlled by the steering operation device in the front wheel steering control mode, only the front wheel as the wheel located on the rear side in the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body Is steered and the course can be adjusted in a state where the turning center is positioned on the front side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body.

前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを操向操作装置によって両輪同操向制御モードで制御すれば、前車輪の操向方向と後車輪の操向方向とが同方向になり、走行機体を平行移動させることができる。   If the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are controlled by the steering operation device in the same steering control mode for both wheels, the steering direction of the front wheels and the steering direction of the rear wheels become the same direction, Can be translated.

従って、本第1発明によると、前進時において、前輪操向制御モードで前車輪を操向操作して走行機体を操向操作でき、後進時において、後輪操向制御モードで後車輪を操向操作して走行機体を操向操作できるのみならず、樹木などの回りで作業する際、両輪逆操向制御モードで前車輪及び後車輪を操向操作することにより、走行機体を小旋回半径で旋回走行させ、樹木などの回りの作業残りが無いとか少ない良好な仕上がりの作業をできる。   Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the traveling vehicle can be steered by steering the front wheels in the front wheel steering control mode during forward travel, and the rear wheels can be manipulated in the rear wheel steering control mode during backward travel. In addition to being able to steer the traveling aircraft by maneuvering the vehicle, it is possible to steer the traveling aircraft by turning the front and rear wheels in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode when working around trees, etc. You can make a good finish with little or no work remaining around the tree.

これに加え、前進走行させると共に走行機体の前部を作業箇所に位置合わせするなどの進路調整を行なう際、後輪操向制御モードで後車輪を操向操作することにより、走行機体の進行方向での前側に旋回中心が位置し、微細な進路調整を簡単な操向操作でできる。後進走行させると共に走行機体の後部を作業箇所に位置合わせするなどの進路調整を行なう際、前輪操向制御モードで前車輪を操向操作することにより、走行機体の進行方向での後側に旋回中心が位置し、微細な進路調整を簡単な操向操作でできる。   In addition to this, when advancing and adjusting the course such as aligning the front part of the traveling vehicle to the work location, the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle is controlled by steering the rear wheels in the rear wheel steering control mode. The turning center is located on the front side of the car, and fine course adjustment can be performed with a simple steering operation. When moving forward and adjusting the course such as aligning the rear part of the traveling machine with the work location, the front wheel is steered in the front wheel steering control mode to turn backward in the traveling direction of the traveling machine. The center is located and fine course adjustment can be done with a simple steering operation.

作業走行域の終点に位置した走行機体を次の作業走行域に移動させる際、両輪同操向制御モードで前車輪及び後車輪を操向操作することにより、前車輪及び後車輪を同じ操向向きの横向きに操向操作して、走行機体を次の作業走行域に向けて平行移動させ、次の作業走行域への移動距離を短く済ませて能率良く作業できる。   When moving the traveling vehicle located at the end point of the work travel area to the next work travel area, the front wheel and the rear wheel are steered by operating the front wheel and the rear wheel in the same steering control mode for both wheels. By steering in the horizontal direction, the traveling machine body is translated toward the next work travel area, so that the travel distance to the next work travel area can be shortened and work can be performed efficiently.

本第2発明では、前記操向操作装置は、前記前輪操向制御モード及び前記後輪操向制御モードにおいて前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御する一つの2輪操向操作具、及び、前記両輪同操向制御モード及び前記両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御する一つの4輪操向操作具を備えている。   In the second aspect of the invention, the steering operation device is a two-wheel steering operation for controlling the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator in the front wheel steering control mode and the rear wheel steering control mode. And a four-wheel steering operation tool for controlling the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator in the two-wheel same steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode.

本第2発明によると、前車輪及び後車輪のうちの一方のみを操向操作する際は、前車輪及び後車輪を共に操向操作するための4輪操向操作具とは異なる2輪操向操作具を操作し、前車輪及び後車輪の両方を操向操作する際は、前車輪及び後車輪のうちの一方のみを操向操作するための2輪操向操作具とは異なる4輪操向操作具を操作するから、いずれの際にも同じ操向操作具を操作するのに比べ、前車輪及び後車輪のいずれか一方を操向操作するべき際に前車輪及び後車輪の両方共を操向操作してしまうとか、前車輪及び後車輪の両方を操向操作するべき際に前車輪及び後車輪のいずれか一方しか操向操作しない誤操作を起こし難い。   According to the second invention, when steering only one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, the two-wheel steering is different from the four-wheel steering operation tool for steering both the front wheel and the rear wheel. When the steering operation tool is operated to steer both the front wheel and the rear wheel, four wheels are different from the two-wheel steering manipulation tool for steering only one of the front wheel and the rear wheel. Since the steering operation tool is operated, both the front wheel and the rear wheel are to be operated when either the front wheel or the rear wheel is to be operated, compared to the same steering operation tool in any case. It is difficult to cause an erroneous operation in which only one of the front wheels and the rear wheels is steered when both the front wheels and the rear wheels are to be steered.

また、前車輪のみの操向操作をする際、及び後車輪のみの操向操作をする際は、同一の2輪操向操作具を操作するから、前車輪のみの操向操作と後車輪のみの操向操作とを切換えて行なうのに、操向操作具を換える必要がなくて有利である。前車輪及び後車輪を両輪同操向制御モードで操向操作する際、及び前車輪及び後車輪を両輪逆操向制御モードで操向操作する際は、同一の4輪操向操作具を操作するから、両輪同操向制御モードでの操向操作と両輪逆操向制御モードでの操向操作とを切換えて行なうのに、操向操作具を換える必要がなくて有利である。   Also, when steering the front wheel only and when steering only the rear wheel, the same two-wheel steering operation tool is operated, so that only the front wheel and the rear wheel are operated. This is advantageous because it is not necessary to change the steering operation tool. When steering the front and rear wheels in the two-wheel steering control mode, and when steering the front and rear wheels in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode, operate the same four-wheel steering operation tool. Therefore, to switch between the steering operation in the two-wheel steering control mode and the steering operation in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode, there is no need to change the steering operation tool, which is advantageous.

本第3発明では、前記前輪操向制御モードにおいて前記2輪操向操作具を操作する為の前輪操向用の操作経路と、前記後輪操向制御モードにおいて前記2輪操向操作具を操作する為の後輪操向用の操作経路とを別の操作経路に設定してある。   In the third aspect of the invention, the front wheel steering operating path for operating the two-wheel steering operating tool in the front wheel steering control mode and the two-wheel steering operating tool in the rear wheel steering control mode are provided. The operation path for steering the rear wheel for operation is set as another operation path.

本第3発明によると、前車輪を前輪操向制御モードで操向操作する際は、2輪操向操作具を前輪操向用の操作経路で操作し、後車輪を後輪操向制御モードで操向操作する際は、2輪操向操作具を後輪操向用の操作経路で操作するから、前車輪のみの操向操作及び後車輪のみの操向操作を同一の2輪操向操作具によって行なうものでありながら、いずれの際にも同じ操作経路で操向操作具を操作するのに比べ、前車輪を操向操作するべき際に後車輪を操向操作してしまうとか、後車輪を操向操作するべき際に前車輪を操向操作してしまう誤操作を起こし難い。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the front wheel is steered in the front wheel steering control mode, the two-wheel steering operation tool is operated in the operation path for front wheel steering, and the rear wheel is operated in the rear wheel steering control mode. When steering, the two-wheel steering operation tool is operated on the rear-wheel steering operation path, so that the steering operation only for the front wheels and the steering operation only for the rear wheels are the same two-wheel steering. Although it is performed by the operating tool, the steering wheel is steered when the front wheel should be steered compared to operating the steering tool in the same operation path in any case, It is difficult to cause an erroneous operation of steering the front wheel when the rear wheel should be steered.

本第4発明では、前記2輪操向操作具が前記前輪操向用の操作経路に位置されることによって、前記前輪操向制御モードが現出され、前記2輪操向操作具が前記後輪操向用の操作経路に位置されることによって、前記後輪操向制御モードが現出されるように構成されている。   In the fourth aspect of the invention, the front wheel steering control mode appears when the two-wheel steering operating tool is positioned on the front wheel steering operating path, and the two-wheel steering operating tool is The rear wheel steering control mode is displayed by being positioned on the wheel steering operation path.

本第4発明によると、前輪を前輪操向制御モードで操向操作する際、2輪操向操作具を前輪操向用の操作経路に位置させることによって前輪操向制御モードが現出され、後輪を後輪操向制御モードで操向操作する際、2輪操向操作具を後輪操向用の操作経路に位置させることによって後輪操向制御モードが現出されるから、前輪操向制御モード及び後輪操向制御モードを切換えて現出させる専用の操作具を操作するのに比べ、2輪操向操作具を操作するだけで良くて楽である。   According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the front wheel is steered in the front wheel steering control mode, the front wheel steering control mode appears by positioning the two-wheel steering operation tool on the operation path for steering the front wheels, When steering the rear wheel in the rear wheel steering control mode, the rear wheel steering control mode appears by placing the two-wheel steering operating tool on the operation path for rear wheel steering. Compared to operating a dedicated operating tool for switching and displaying the steering control mode and the rear wheel steering control mode, it is only necessary to operate the two-wheel steering operating tool.

本第5発明では、前記操向操作装置は、前記両輪同操向制御モード及び前記両輪逆操向制御モードを現出させるモード選択操作具を備え、前記両輪同操向制御モードにおいて前記4輪操向操作具を操作するための操作経路と、前記両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて前記4輪操向操作具を操作するための操作経路とを同じ操作経路に設定してある。   In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the steering operation device includes a mode selection operation tool for causing the two-wheels same steering control mode and the two-wheels reverse steering control mode to appear, and the four wheels in the two-wheels same steering control mode. The operation path for operating the steering operation tool and the operation path for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode are set as the same operation path.

本第5発明によると、前車輪及び後車輪を両輪同操向制御モードで操向操作する際には、モード選択操作具によって両輪同操向制御モードを適切に選択し、前車輪及び後車輪を両輪逆操向制御モードで操向操作する際には、モード選択操作具によって両輪逆操向制御モードを適切に選択しておけば、前車輪及び後車輪を両輪逆操向制御モードで操向操作する際、及び前車輪及び後車輪を両輪同操向制御モードで操向操作する際に、4輪操向操作具を同じ操作経路で操作すれば良いから、前車輪及び後車輪の両輪逆操向制御モードでの操向操作、及び前車輪及び後車輪の両輪同操向制御モードでの操向操作を同じ操作感覚で行えて有利である。   According to the fifth aspect of the invention, when the front wheel and the rear wheel are steered in the same steering control mode for both wheels, the steering control mode for both wheels is appropriately selected by the mode selection operation tool, and the front wheel and the rear wheel are selected. If the two-wheel reverse steering control mode is appropriately selected with the mode selection operation tool, the front wheels and the rear wheels are operated in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode. When steering the front wheel and the rear wheel in the same steering control mode for both wheels, the four-wheel steering operation tool may be operated along the same operation path. It is advantageous that the steering operation in the reverse steering control mode and the steering operation in the same steering control mode for both the front and rear wheels can be performed with the same operation feeling.

本第6発明では、前記操向操作装置によって前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを遠隔操作するよう構成されている。   In the sixth aspect of the invention, the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are remotely operated by the steering operation device.

本第6発明によると、作業箇所が傾斜地であって作業者の居場所が無いなど、作業者が作業機から離れて位置する場合であっても、操向操作装置によって前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを遠隔操作し、作業機を適切に作業するように操縦することができる。   According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel are operated by the steering operation device even when the worker is located away from the work machine, such as when the work place is an inclined place and there is no worker's place. The steering actuator can be operated remotely to steer the work implement to work properly.

作業機の全体を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the whole working machine. 作業機の全体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the whole working machine. 作業機の全体を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the whole working machine. 伝動構造を示す縦断後面図である。It is a longitudinal rear view which shows a transmission structure. 伝動構造を示す横断平面図である。It is a cross-sectional top view which shows a transmission structure. 右前車輪の支持構造及び駆動構造を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows the support structure and drive structure of a right front wheel. 右後車輪の支持構造及び駆動構造を示す縦断後面図である。It is a vertical rear view which shows the support structure and drive structure of a right rear wheel. 走行機体を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a traveling body. フレーム部を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a frame part. 走行機体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a traveling body. 操向操作機構を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a steering operation mechanism. 障害物センサーを示す側面図である。It is a side view showing an obstacle sensor. 障害物センサーを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an obstacle sensor. 伝動構造を示す線図である。It is a diagram which shows a transmission structure. 走行機体の移動方法を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the moving method of a traveling body. 遠隔操作及び自動停止の制御系を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the control system of remote operation and an automatic stop. (a)は、前輪操向用の操作経路に位置させた2輪操向操作具を示す正面図、(b)は、前輪操向用の操作経路に位置した2輪操向操作具を示す側面図、(c)は、後輪操向用の操作経路に位置した2輪操向操作具を示す正面図、(d)は、後輪操向用の操作経路に位置した2輪操向操作具を示す側面図、(e)は、両輪同操向制御モード及び両輪逆操向制御モードにおける操作経路に位置した4輪操向操作具を示す正面図、(f)は、両輪同操向制御モード及び両輪逆操向制御モードにおける操作経路に位置した4輪操向操作具を示す側面図である。(A) is a front view which shows the two-wheel steering operation tool located in the operation path for front-wheel steering, (b) shows the two-wheel steering operation tool located in the operation path for front-wheel steering. Side view, (c) is a front view showing a two-wheel steering operation tool positioned on the rear-wheel steering operation path, and (d) is a two-wheel steering positioned on the rear-wheel steering operation path. A side view showing the operation tool, (e) is a front view showing the four-wheel steering operation tool positioned on the operation path in the two-wheel steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode, and (f) is a two-wheel steering control mode. It is a side view which shows the four-wheel steering operation tool located in the operation path | route in direction control mode and both-wheels reverse steering control mode. 別の実施構造を備えた作業機の前部を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the front part of the working machine provided with another implementation structure.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施例に係る作業機の全体を示す側面図である。図2は、本発明の実施例に係る作業機の全体を示す平面図である。図3は、本発明の実施例に係る作業機の全体を示す正面図である。図8は、走行機体を示す斜視図である。図10は、走行機体を示す平面図である。図1,2,3,8,10に示すように、本発明の実施例に係る作業機は、フレーム部1に左右一対の前車輪2及び左右一対の後車輪3が操向操作できるように、かつ駆動できるように装備された走行機体を備えている。走行機体の前車輪2と後車輪3との間の下部に草刈装置4を装備してある。走行機体の前車輪2と後車輪3との間における草刈装置4よりも上方の部位に、前車輪2、後車輪3及び草刈装置4を駆動するエンジン5、エンジン用の燃料タンク6、エンジン5によって伝動ベルト7aを介して駆動されるダイナモ7、電源用のバッテリー8を搭載してある。ダイナモ7は、エンジン5よりも後方に配置してある。バッテリー8は、エンジン5の左横側方に配置してある。走行機体の左横側部に横カバーCを設けてある。走行機体の後部に、前車輪2及び後車輪3の操向操作などを行なう制御装置9を設けてある。制御装置9による前車輪2及び後車輪3の操向操作などは、制御装置9が遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令としての電波信号を受信することによって行なわれるように構成してある。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the entirety of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the entire working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the traveling machine body. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the traveling machine body. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 8, and 10, the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention allows the frame portion 1 to steer the pair of left and right front wheels 2 and the pair of left and right rear wheels 3. And a traveling machine equipped to be driven. A mowing device 4 is provided at the lower part between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 of the traveling machine body. An engine 5 for driving the front wheel 2, the rear wheel 3, and the mowing device 4, an engine fuel tank 6, and an engine 5 in a portion above the mowing device 4 between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 of the traveling machine body. A dynamo 7 driven by a power transmission belt 7a and a battery 8 for power supply are mounted. The dynamo 7 is arranged behind the engine 5. The battery 8 is disposed on the left side of the engine 5. A lateral cover C is provided on the left lateral side of the traveling machine body. A control device 9 that performs a steering operation of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 is provided at the rear of the traveling machine body. The steering operation of the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 by the control device 9 is performed by the control device 9 receiving a radio wave signal as an operation command from the remote operation device 10.

作業機は、走行機体が遠隔操作装置10によって遠隔操作されて走行し、走行機体の走行に伴い、草刈装置4によって草刈作業を行なうものである。   The work machine travels while the traveling machine body is remotely operated by the remote operation device 10, and the mowing apparatus 4 performs the mowing work as the traveling machine body travels.

走行機体のフレーム部1について説明する。
図9は、フレーム部1を示す斜視図である。図8,9,10に示すように、走行機体のフレーム部1は、機体前後方向での中間部に刈り刃ハウジング11が形成されている機体フレーム12と、機体フレーム12の前端部に連結された機体横方向に長い前輪用の支持フレーム13と、機体フレーム12の後端部に連結された機体横方向に長い後輪用の支持フレーム13と、機体フレーム12の左端側部位及び右端側部位の上方に位置する機体前後方向に長い補強フレーム14とを備えている。
The frame 1 of the traveling machine body will be described.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the frame portion 1. As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 10, the frame 1 of the traveling aircraft is connected to the aircraft frame 12 in which a cutting blade housing 11 is formed in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft and the front end of the aircraft frame 12. The support frame 13 for the front wheel that is long in the lateral direction of the airframe, the support frame 13 for the rear wheel that is long in the lateral direction of the airframe connected to the rear end portion of the airframe frame 12, the left end side portion and the right end side portion of the airframe frame 12 And a long reinforcing frame 14 in the longitudinal direction of the machine body.

機体フレーム12は、刈り刃ハウジング11の部位での横幅が広く、刈り刃ハウジング11よりも前側及び後側の部位での横幅が狭い形状、すなわち平面視形状が前細りかつ後細りの形状になるように形成された板金部材によって構成してある。機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位での横幅の長さを走行機体の全幅又はほぼ全幅に亘る長さに設定してある。機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位に、ミッションケース15(図4参照)の下部が入る切欠き孔11aを設けてある。機体フレーム12のうちの切欠き孔11aよりも前後側の部位に機体横向きの補強フレーム16を連結してある。   The fuselage frame 12 has a wide width at the portion of the cutting blade housing 11 and a narrow width at the front and rear portions of the cutting blade housing 11, that is, the shape in plan view is narrowed forward and backward. It is comprised by the sheet-metal member formed in this way. The length of the lateral width at the portion of the cutting blade housing 11 in the machine body frame 12 is set to the length over the entire width or almost the entire width of the traveling machine body. A cutout hole 11 a into which a lower portion of the mission case 15 (see FIG. 4) is provided is provided in a part of the cutting blade housing 11 in the body frame 12. A reinforcement frame 16 facing the machine body is connected to a part of the machine body frame 12 on the front and rear side of the notch hole 11a.

左右の機体前後向きの補強フレーム14及び前後の機体横向きの補強フレーム16は、縦断面形状が円形の鋼管材によって構成してある。   The left and right airframe front and rear reinforcement frames 14 and the front and rear airframe reinforcement frames 16 are made of steel pipes having a circular longitudinal section.

刈り刃ハウジング11のうちの左側端部にバッテリー載置部11bを形成してある。前後の横向きの補強フレーム16のバッテリー載置部側の端部がバッテリー載置部11bの下側に入り込み、バッテリー載置部11bのバッテリー支持強度を横向きの補強フレーム16によって向上させている。   A battery mounting portion 11 b is formed at the left end portion of the cutting blade housing 11. The ends of the front and rear lateral reinforcing frames 16 on the battery mounting portion side enter the lower side of the battery mounting portion 11b, and the battery supporting strength of the battery mounting portion 11b is improved by the lateral reinforcing frame 16.

前輪用の支持フレーム13の左側部分は、機体フレーム12の前端部から機体左横外向きに延出した左前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17を構成し、前輪用の支持フレーム13の右側部分は、機体フレーム12の前端部から機体右横外向きに延出した右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17を構成している。左前輪用及び右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17の延出端部にボス部17aを設けてある。このボス部17aは、前輪駆動ケース18の前車輪2よりも機体横内側の部位を機体上下向きの操向軸芯Pまわりに相対回動可能に支持している。従って、左前輪用及び右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17は、延出端部で前車輪2を操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持している。操向軸芯Pは、前車輪2よりも機体横内側に位置している。   The left side portion of the front wheel support frame 13 constitutes a left front wheel wheel support frame 17 extending from the front end portion of the body frame 12 to the left side of the body, and the right side portion of the front wheel support frame 13 is A wheel support frame 17 for the right front wheel extending from the front end portion of the body frame 12 outward to the right side of the body is configured. A boss portion 17a is provided at an extended end portion of the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel and the right front wheel. The boss portion 17a supports a portion of the front wheel drive case 18 on the inner side of the body side of the front wheel 2 so as to be relatively rotatable about the steering axis P in the vertical direction of the body. Therefore, the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel and the right front wheel supports the front wheel 2 so that it can be steered around the steering axis P at the extended end. The steering axis P is located on the inner side of the machine body from the front wheel 2.

後輪用の支持フレーム13の左側部分は、機体フレーム12の後端部から機体左横外向きに延出した左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17を構成し、後輪用の支持フレーム13の右側部分は、機体フレーム12の後端部から機体右横外向きに延出した右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17を構成している。左後輪用及び右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17の延出端部にボス部17aを設けてある。このボス部17aは、後輪駆動ケース19の後車輪3よりも機体横内側の部位を機体上下向きの操向軸芯Pまわりに相対回動可能に支持している。従って、左後輪用及び右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17は、後車輪3を操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持している。操向軸芯Pは、後車輪3よりも機体横内側に位置している。   The left side portion of the rear wheel support frame 13 constitutes a left rear wheel wheel support frame 17 extending from the rear end of the body frame 12 outwardly to the left side of the body. The right side portion constitutes a wheel support frame 17 for the right rear wheel that extends from the rear end portion of the body frame 12 outward to the right side of the body. Boss portions 17a are provided at the extended end portions of the wheel support frame 17 for the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel. The boss portion 17a supports a portion on the laterally inner side of the rear wheel 3 with respect to the rear wheel 3 of the rear wheel drive case 19 so as to be relatively rotatable around the steering axis P in the vertical direction of the body. Therefore, the wheel support frame 17 for the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel supports the rear wheel 3 so that it can be steered around the steering axis P. The steering axis P is located on the inner side of the machine body from the rear wheel 3.

機体フレーム12の前端部における左右の角部に、横外向きに操向操作された前車輪2の後部が入り込む凹入空隙部Sとしての切欠きを設けてある。機体フレーム12の後端部における左右の角部に、横外向きに操向操作された後車輪3の前部が入り込む凹入空隙部Sとしての切り欠きを設けてある。   The left and right corners at the front end of the machine body frame 12 are provided with notches as recessed gaps S into which the rear part of the front wheel 2 steered laterally outwards enters. The left and right corners at the rear end of the machine body frame 12 are provided with notches as recessed gaps S into which the front part of the rear wheel 3 that has been steered laterally outward enters.

左の前後向きの補強フレーム14は、左前輪用及び左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17よりも上方に機体前後方向に位置するように、かつ機体フレーム12の左側の前後の凹入空隙部Sの上方を機体前後方向に通るように配置してある。左の前後向きの補強フレーム14の前端部は、左前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17のうちの機体フレーム12よりも機体横外側に位置する部位に連結してある。左の前後向きの補強フレーム14の後端部は、左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17のうちの機体フレーム12よりも機体横外側に位置する部位に連結してある。左の前後向きの補強フレーム14の前後方向での中間部は、機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位の上面側に連結してある。   The left front-rear reinforcement frame 14 is positioned above the left front wheel and left rear wheel wheel support frame 17 in the front-rear direction of the airframe, and the front and rear recessed gaps S on the left side of the airframe frame 12. It is arranged so as to pass above the vehicle in the longitudinal direction. The front end portion of the left front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to a portion of the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel that is located on the laterally outer side of the body frame 12. The rear end portion of the left front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to a portion of the wheel support frame 17 for the left rear wheel that is located on the laterally outer side of the body frame 12. An intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the left front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to the upper surface side of the part of the cutting blade housing 11 in the body frame 12.

右の前後向きの補強フレーム14は、右前輪用及び右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17よりも上方に機体前後方向に位置するように、かつ機体フレーム12の右側の前後の凹入空隙部Sの上方を機体前後方向に通るように配置してある。右の前後向きの補強フレーム14の前端部は、右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17のうちの機体フレーム12よりも機体横外側に位置する部位に連結してある。右の前後向きの補強フレーム14の後端部は、右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17のうちの機体フレーム12よりも機体横外側に位置する部位に連結してある。右の前後向きの補強フレーム14の前後方向での中間部は、機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位の上面側に連結してある。   The right front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is positioned in the front-rear direction of the airframe above the wheel support frame 17 for the right front wheel and the right rear wheel, and the front and rear recessed gaps S on the right side of the airframe frame 12. It is arranged so as to pass above the vehicle in the longitudinal direction. The front end portion of the right front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to a portion of the right front wheel support frame 17 that is located on the laterally outer side of the body frame 12 relative to the body frame 12. The rear end portion of the right front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to a portion of the wheel support frame 17 for the right rear wheel that is located on the laterally outer side of the body frame 12. The middle part in the front-rear direction of the right front-rear reinforcing frame 14 is connected to the upper surface side of the part of the cutting blade housing 11 in the body frame 12.

左右の前後向きの補強フレーム14と車輪支持フレーム17との連結は、車輪支持フレーム17にブラケットを取り付けて形成した連結部17bに補強フレーム14を連結ボルトによって締め付け連結することによって行なってある。左右の前後向きの補強フレーム14と刈り刃ハウジング11との連結は、補強フレーム14に板部材を取り付けて形成した連結部14aを刈り刃ハウジング11の上面側にブラケットを取り付けて形成した支持部に連結ボルトによって締め付け連結することによって行なってある。   The left and right front-rear reinforcement frame 14 and the wheel support frame 17 are connected by fastening the reinforcement frame 14 to a connection portion 17b formed by attaching a bracket to the wheel support frame 17 with a connection bolt. The left and right front-rear reinforcing frame 14 and the cutting blade housing 11 are connected to a support portion formed by attaching a bracket 14 a to the upper surface side of the cutting blade housing 11 by connecting a connecting portion 14 a formed by attaching a plate member to the reinforcing frame 14. This is done by tightening and connecting with connecting bolts.

従って、左前輪用及び左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17の延出端側が左の前後向きの補強フレーム14によって支持され、右前輪用及び右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17の延出端側が右の前後向きの補強フレーム14によって支持され、機体フレーム12による各車輪支持フレーム17の接地反力に抗しての支持が強固に行われる。   Accordingly, the extension end side of the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel and the left rear wheel is supported by the left front-rear reinforcing frame 14, and the extension end side of the wheel support frame 17 for the right front wheel and right rear wheel is It is supported by the right front-rear reinforcing frame 14, and the body frame 12 firmly supports the grounding reaction force of each wheel support frame 17 against the ground reaction force.

エンジン5の駆動力を左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3に伝達する走行伝動系について説明する。
図6,10に示すように、左前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17に操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持された前輪駆動ケース18、及び、右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17に操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持された前輪駆動ケース18それぞれに、機体上下向きの回転伝動軸20を相対回転するように支持してある。図7,10に示すように、左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17に操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持された後輪駆動ケース19、及び、右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17に操向軸芯Pまわりに操向操作できるように支持された後輪駆動ケース19それぞれに、機体上下向きの回転伝動軸20を相対回転するように支持してある。
A travel transmission system that transmits the driving force of the engine 5 to the left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, the front wheel drive case 18 supported so as to be steerable around the steering axis P by the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel, and the wheel support frame 17 for the right front wheel. The front and rear drive cases 18 supported so as to be steerable around the steering axis P are supported so as to relatively rotate the rotary transmission shaft 20 in the vertical direction of the machine body. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the rear wheel drive case 19 supported so as to be steerable around the steering axis P by the wheel support frame 17 for the left rear wheel, and the wheel support for the right rear wheel. The rear wheel drive case 19 supported by the frame 17 so as to be steerable around the steering axis P is supported so as to relatively rotate the rotary transmission shaft 20 in the vertical direction of the machine body.

左右の前輪駆動ケース18それぞれに相対回転するよう支持されている回転伝動軸20の回転軸芯は、前車輪2の操向軸芯Pと同軸芯になっている。左右の後輪駆動ケース19それぞれに相対回転するよう支持されている回転伝動軸20の回転軸芯は、後車輪3の操向軸芯Pと同軸芯になっている。   The rotational axis of the rotation transmission shaft 20 supported so as to rotate relative to the left and right front wheel drive cases 18 is coaxial with the steering axis P of the front wheel 2. The rotational axis of the rotational transmission shaft 20 supported so as to rotate relative to the left and right rear wheel drive cases 19 is coaxial with the steering axis P of the rear wheel 3.

図6は、右の前車輪2の支持構造及び駆動構造を示す縦断正面図である。左の前車輪2の支持構造及び駆動構造の図示は省略するが、左の前車輪2の支持構造及び駆動構造は、右の前車輪2の支持構造及び駆動構造と同じ構成を備えている。図7は、右の後車輪3の支持構造及び駆動構造を示す縦断後面図である。左の後車輪3の支持構造及び駆動構造の図示は省略するが、左の後車輪3の支持構造及び駆動構造は、右の後車輪3の支持構造及び駆動構造と同じ構成を備えている。図6に示すように、左右の前輪駆動ケース18それぞれに支持されている回転伝動軸20は、下端側に設けた前輪用のベベルギヤ機構21によって前車輪2の車軸2aに連動連結されている。図7に示すように、左右の後輪駆動ケース19それぞれに支持されている回転伝動軸20は、下端側に設けた後輪用のベベルギヤ機構21によって後車輪3の車軸3aに連動連結されている。   FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view showing a support structure and a drive structure of the right front wheel 2. Although illustration of the support structure and drive structure of the left front wheel 2 is omitted, the support structure and drive structure of the left front wheel 2 have the same configuration as the support structure and drive structure of the right front wheel 2. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal rear view showing the support structure and drive structure of the right rear wheel 3. Although illustration of the support structure and drive structure of the left rear wheel 3 is omitted, the support structure and drive structure of the left rear wheel 3 have the same configuration as the support structure and drive structure of the right rear wheel 3. As shown in FIG. 6, the rotation transmission shaft 20 supported by the left and right front wheel drive cases 18 is interlocked and connected to the axle 2 a of the front wheel 2 by a front wheel bevel gear mechanism 21 provided on the lower end side. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotation transmission shaft 20 supported by each of the left and right rear wheel drive cases 19 is interlocked and connected to the axle 3a of the rear wheel 3 by a rear wheel bevel gear mechanism 21 provided on the lower end side. Yes.

各ベベルギヤ機構21は、回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように支持された回転軸側ベベルギヤ21aと、回転軸側ベベルギヤ21aに噛み合う状態で車軸2a,3aに一体回転するように支持された車軸側ベベルギヤ21bとを備えている。図6,14に示すように、左前輪用及び右前輪用の車軸側ベベルギヤ21bは、前車輪2の中立向きにおいて、回転伝動軸20に対して機体横内側に位置する。図7,14に示すように、左後輪用及び右後輪用の車軸側ベベルギヤ21bは、後車輪3の中立向きにおいて、回転伝動軸20に対して機体横内側に位置する。   Each bevel gear mechanism 21 includes a rotation shaft side bevel gear 21a supported so as to rotate integrally with the rotation transmission shaft 20, and an axle side supported so as to rotate integrally with the axles 2a and 3a while meshing with the rotation shaft side bevel gear 21a. And a bevel gear 21b. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 14, the axle-side bevel gear 21 b for the left front wheel and the right front wheel is located on the lateral inner side with respect to the rotation transmission shaft 20 in the neutral direction of the front wheel 2. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 14, the axle-side bevel gear 21 b for the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel is positioned on the inner side of the body relative to the rotational transmission shaft 20 in the neutral direction of the rear wheel 3.

図4,5に示すように、走行機体の右横端部に、刈り刃ハウジング11の上方に配置した中継伝動ケース22を設けてある。中継伝動ケース22は、刈り刃ハウジング11の上面側に設けたブラケットに支持されている。中継伝動ケース22には、機体上下向きの中継伝動軸23が相対回転可能に支持されている。刈り刃ハウジング11の上面側にブラケットを介して支持されたミッションケース15に、エンジン5から中継伝動軸23に伝動するミッション30を収容してある。左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3それぞれの回転伝動軸20、及び中継伝動軸23にわたって装着してある伝動ケース25に、中継伝動軸23から左右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に伝動する前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40、及び中継伝動軸23から左右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に伝動する後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41を収容してある。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a relay transmission case 22 disposed above the cutting blade housing 11 is provided at the right lateral end of the traveling machine body. The relay transmission case 22 is supported by a bracket provided on the upper surface side of the cutting blade housing 11. The relay transmission case 22 supports a relay transmission shaft 23 that is vertically oriented on the machine body so as to be relatively rotatable. A transmission 30 that is transmitted from the engine 5 to the relay transmission shaft 23 is accommodated in a transmission case 15 supported on the upper surface side of the cutting blade housing 11 via a bracket. Transmission is transmitted from the relay transmission shaft 23 to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left and right front wheels 2 to the transmission case 25 mounted over the rotation transmission shaft 20 and the relay transmission shaft 23 of each of the left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3. The transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side and the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side that transmits from the relay transmission shaft 23 to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left and right rear wheels 3 are accommodated.

つまり、エンジン5の出力軸5aの駆動力がミッション30によって中継伝動軸23に伝達され、中継伝動軸23に一体回転するように設けた前輪用出力スプロケット23aと後輪用出力スプロケット23bとによって前輪駆動力と後輪駆動力とに分岐される。前輪駆動力は、前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40によって左右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に伝達され、左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20からベベルギヤ機構21を介して左の前車輪2に伝達され、右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20からベベルギヤ機構21を介して右の前車輪2に伝達される。後輪駆動力は、後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41によって左右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に伝達され、左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20からベベルギヤ機構21を介して左の後車輪3に伝達され、右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20からベベルギヤ機構21を介して右の後車輪3に伝達される。   That is, the driving force of the output shaft 5a of the engine 5 is transmitted to the relay transmission shaft 23 by the mission 30, and the front wheels are provided by the front wheel output sprocket 23a and the rear wheel output sprocket 23b provided to rotate integrally with the relay transmission shaft 23. The driving force and the rear wheel driving force are branched. The front wheel driving force is transmitted to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left and right front wheels 2 by a transmission shaft transmission mechanism 40 on the front wheel side, and the left front wheel from the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2 via the bevel gear mechanism 21. 2, and is transmitted from the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2 to the right front wheel 2 via the bevel gear mechanism 21. The rear wheel driving force is transmitted to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left and right rear wheels 3 by the transmission mechanism 41 on the rear wheel side, and is transmitted from the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3 to the left via the bevel gear mechanism 21. It is transmitted to the rear wheel 3, and is transmitted from the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right rear wheel 3 to the right rear wheel 3 via the bevel gear mechanism 21.

図3,4,6,7に示すように、伝動ケース25は、左右の前後向きの補強フレーム14よりも上方に配置し、左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3それぞれの回転伝動軸20の補強フレーム14よりも上方に突出した上端側、及び中継伝動軸23の補強フレーム14よりも上方に突出した上端側に装着してある。図5,8に示すように、伝動ケース25は、右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20、中継伝動軸23及び右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20にわたって位置する機体前後向きの伝動上手側ケース部25aと、右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20及び左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20にわたって位置する機体横向きの前伝動下手側ケース部25bと、右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20及び左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20にわたって位置する機体横向きの後伝動下手側ケース部25cとを備えており、伝動ケース25の機体上下方向視での形状が機体左横向きに開口したコ字形状になっている。   As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, and 7, the transmission case 25 is disposed above the left and right front-rear reinforcing frames 14, and the rotation transmission shaft 20 of each of the left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3. It is attached to the upper end side protruding upward from the reinforcing frame 14 and the upper end side protruding upward from the reinforcing frame 14 of the relay transmission shaft 23. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the transmission case 25 is a transmission upper side in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body located over the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2, the relay transmission shaft 23 and the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right rear wheel 3. The case 25a, the front transmission lower side case portion 25b facing the machine body located over the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2 and the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2, and the rotation transmission shaft of the right rear wheel 3 20 and a rear transmission lower side case portion 25c that is located across the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3, and the shape of the transmission case 25 as viewed in the vertical direction of the body is open to the left side of the body. It has a letter shape.

伝動ケース25のうちの前伝動下手側ケース部25bは、左前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17及び右前輪用の車輪支持フレーム17が備える連結部17bの上部に連結ボルトによって締め付け連結してある。伝動ケース25のうちの後伝動下手側ケース部25cは、左後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17及び右後輪用の車輪支持フレーム17が備える連結部17bに連結ボルトによって締め付け連結してある。   The front transmission lower case portion 25b of the transmission case 25 is connected to the upper portion of the connecting portion 17b included in the wheel support frame 17 for the left front wheel and the wheel support frame 17 for the right front wheel by a connecting bolt. The rear transmission lower case portion 25c of the transmission case 25 is tightened and connected to a connecting portion 17b provided in the wheel support frame 17 for the left rear wheel and the wheel support frame 17 for the right rear wheel by a connecting bolt.

図4,5,14に示すように、ミッション30は、エンジン5の機体上下向きの出力軸5aに自動遠心クラッチ31を介して機体上下向きの入力軸32aが連動連結される減速ミッション部32と、減速ミッション部32の出力ギヤ32bに入力軸33aが連動連結された変速ミッション部33と、変速ミッション部33の出力軸33bに入力ギヤ34aが連動連結された前後進切換えの伝動機構34とを備えている。前後進切換えの伝動機構34の機体横向きの出力軸34bがベベルギヤ機構35を介して中継伝動軸23の下端側に連動連結されている。   As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 14, the mission 30 includes a decelerating mission unit 32 in which an aircraft shaft vertical input shaft 32 a is interlocked and connected to an output shaft 5 a of the aircraft 5 upward and downward through an automatic centrifugal clutch 31. A transmission transmission section 33 in which the input shaft 33a is linked to the output gear 32b of the deceleration transmission section 32, and a forward / reverse switching transmission mechanism 34 in which the input gear 34a is linked to the output shaft 33b of the transmission mission section 33. I have. A lateral output shaft 34 b of the transmission mechanism 34 for forward / reverse switching is interlocked to the lower end side of the relay transmission shaft 23 via a bevel gear mechanism 35.

減速ミッション部32は、入力軸32aの駆動力が減速伝動ギヤ部32cによって減速して伝達される機体上下向きの中間伝動軸32dと、中間伝動軸32dに一体回転するように支持されたウオーム32eとを備えている。ウオーム32eに噛み合ったホィールによって減速ミッション部32の出力ギヤ32bを構成してある。   The speed reduction transmission section 32 includes an intermediate transmission shaft 32d that is vertically driven by the driving force of the input shaft 32a transmitted by the speed reduction transmission gear section 32c and a worm 32e that is supported so as to rotate integrally with the intermediate transmission shaft 32d. And. An output gear 32b of the speed reduction mission section 32 is constituted by a wheel meshed with the worm 32e.

変速ミッション部33は、高速伝動状態と低速伝動状態の2段階の伝動状態に変速できるように構成してある。変速ミッション部33は、バッテリー8の前方に設けた変速レバー33c(図1,2参照)の揺動操作によって変速され、前車輪2及び後車輪3の駆動速度を高速と低速とに切り換える。変速レバー33cは、変速ミッション部33の変速操作部に操作ケーブルを介して連動連結されている。   The transmission transmission unit 33 is configured to be able to shift to a two-stage transmission state of a high speed transmission state and a low speed transmission state. The transmission transmission unit 33 is shifted by a swinging operation of a transmission lever 33c (see FIGS. 1 and 2) provided in front of the battery 8, and switches the driving speed of the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 between high speed and low speed. The shift lever 33c is linked to the shift operation section of the shift transmission section 33 via an operation cable.

前後進切換えの伝動機構34は、出力軸34bに摺動操作できるように支持されたシフト部材34cを備え、シフト部材34cが摺動操作されることにより、前車輪2及び後車輪3を前進側に駆動する前進伝動状態、前車輪2及び後車輪3を後進側に駆動する後進伝動状態、及び前車輪2及び後車輪3を停止させる中立状態に切り換わるように構成してある。   The forward / reverse switching transmission mechanism 34 includes a shift member 34c supported so as to be slidable on the output shaft 34b, and the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are moved forward by sliding the shift member 34c. It is configured to switch to a forward transmission state in which the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are driven backward, and a neutral state in which the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are stopped.

シフト部材34cは、前進位置に摺動操作されることによって前進伝動ギヤ34dに噛み合い操作され、後進位置に摺動操作されることによって後進伝動ギヤ34eに噛み合い操作され、中立位置に摺動操作されることによって前進伝動ギヤ34d及び後進伝動ギヤ34eに対して噛み合い解除されるように構成してある。   The shift member 34c is engaged with the forward transmission gear 34d by being slid to the forward position, is engaged with the reverse transmission gear 34e by being slid to the reverse position, and is slid to the neutral position. Thus, the forward transmission gear 34d and the reverse transmission gear 34e are disengaged from each other.

図4,5,6,14に示すように、前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40は、中継伝動軸23の駆動力を右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に伝達する伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42と、伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42の駆動力を入力する回転調節伝動部43と、回転調節伝動部43の出力を左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に伝達する伝動方向下手側の伝動チェーン44とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 14, the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side transmits the driving force of the relay transmission shaft 23 to the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2. The transmission chain 42, the rotation adjusting transmission 43 for inputting the driving force of the transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction, and the lower transmission direction for transmitting the output of the rotation adjusting transmission 43 to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2. Side transmission chain 44.

図4,5,7,14に示すように、後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41は、中継伝動軸23の駆動力を右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に伝達する伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42と、伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42の駆動力を入力する回転調節伝動部43と、回転調節伝動部43の出力を左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に伝達する伝動方向下手側の伝動チェーン44とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 7, and 14, the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side transmits the driving force of the relay transmission shaft 23 to the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the right rear wheel 3. Transmission chain 42, a rotation adjusting transmission portion 43 for inputting the driving force of the transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction, and a transmission direction for transmitting the output of the rotation adjusting transmission portion 43 to the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3. A lower transmission chain 44.

前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40が備える伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42は、機体上下向きの中継伝動軸23に一体回転するように設けられた前輪用出力スプロケット23aと、右の前車輪2の機体上下向きの回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように設けられた入力スプロケット20aとに巻回されている。後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42は、中継伝動軸23に一体回転するように設けられた後輪用出力スプロケット23bと、右の後車輪3の機体上下向きの回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように設けられた入力スプロケット20aとに巻回されている。前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40及び後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42は、往行チェーン部と復行チェーン部とが中継伝動軸23及び回転伝動軸20の軸芯に対して直交する方向に並ぶ回動形態で回動する。   A transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction provided in the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side and the output sprocket 23a for the front wheel provided so as to rotate integrally with the relay transmission shaft 23 in the vertical direction of the fuselage, and the right front wheel 2 It is wound around an input sprocket 20a provided so as to rotate integrally with a rotary transmission shaft 20 that faces up and down. The transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction provided in the transmission mechanism 41 for the rear-wheel-side transmission shaft includes the rear-wheel output sprocket 23b provided to rotate integrally with the relay transmission shaft 23, and the body of the right rear wheel 3. It is wound around an input sprocket 20 a provided so as to rotate integrally with a vertically-rotating rotary transmission shaft 20. In the transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction provided in the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side and the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side, the forward transmission chain portion and the reverse transmission chain portion are connected to the relay transmission shaft 23 and the rotational transmission. It rotates in the rotation form arranged in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 20.

前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40及び後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える回転調節伝動部43は、右の前車輪2あるいは右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように支持された入力側ギヤ43aと、入力側ギヤ43aに噛み合った出力側ギヤ43bとを備えている。出力側ギヤ43bの回転支軸43cに出力スプロケット43dを相対回転不能に支持してある。   The rotation adjusting transmission 43 provided in the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side and the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side so as to rotate integrally with the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2 or the right rear wheel 3. And an output side gear 43b meshed with the input side gear 43a. An output sprocket 43d is supported on the rotation support shaft 43c of the output side gear 43b so as not to be relatively rotatable.

前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40及び後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える回転調節伝動部43は、中継伝動軸23から伝動方向上手側の伝動チェーン42によって伝達される駆動力を、入力側ギヤ40a及び出力側ギヤ40bによって回転方向が逆方向の駆動力に変換し、変換後の出力側ギヤ40bの駆動力を出力スプロケット43dから伝動方向下手側の伝動チェーン44に出力する。   The rotation adjusting transmission 43 provided in the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side and the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side is provided with a driving force transmitted from the relay transmission shaft 23 by the transmission chain 42 on the upper side in the transmission direction. The input side gear 40a and the output side gear 40b convert the driving force of the rotation direction to the reverse direction, and the converted driving force of the output side gear 40b is output from the output sprocket 43d to the transmission chain 44 on the lower side in the transmission direction.

左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3それぞれの回転伝動軸20が中継伝動軸23から伝動上手側の伝動チェーン42によって伝達される駆動力によって駆動されるのであるが、前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40が備える回転調節伝動部43は、左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20の回転方向と、右の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20の回転方向とが逆回転方向になるように、左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に伝達される駆動力の回転方向を調節する。後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える回転調節伝動部43は、左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20の回転方向と、右の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20の回転方向とが逆回転方向になるように、左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に伝達される駆動力の回転方向を調節する。   The rotational transmission shafts 20 of the left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3 are driven by the driving force transmitted from the relay transmission shaft 23 by the transmission chain 42 on the upper transmission side. The rotation adjustment transmission unit 43 provided in the transmission mechanism 40 is configured so that the rotation direction of the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2 and the rotation direction of the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right front wheel 2 are opposite to each other. The rotational direction of the driving force transmitted to the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2 is adjusted. In the rotation adjusting transmission 43 provided in the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission wheel on the rear wheel side, the rotation direction of the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the right rear wheel 3. The rotational direction of the driving force transmitted to the rotational transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3 is adjusted so as to be in the rotational direction.

前輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構40が備える伝動方向下手側の伝動チェーン44は、回転調節伝動部43の出力スプロケット43dと、左の前車輪2の回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように設けられた入力スプロケット20aとに巻回されている。後輪側の伝動軸用伝動機構41が備える伝動方向下手側の伝動チェーン44は、回転調節伝動部43の出力スプロケット43dと、左の後車輪3の回転伝動軸20に一体回転するように設けられた入力スプロケット20aとに巻回されている。   A transmission chain 44 on the lower side in the transmission direction provided in the transmission mechanism 40 for the transmission wheel on the front wheel side is provided so as to rotate integrally with the output sprocket 43 d of the rotation adjusting transmission unit 43 and the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left front wheel 2. It is wound around the input sprocket 20a. A transmission chain 44 on the lower side in the transmission direction provided in the transmission mechanism 41 for the transmission shaft on the rear wheel side is provided so as to rotate integrally with the output sprocket 43d of the rotation adjusting transmission unit 43 and the rotation transmission shaft 20 of the left rear wheel 3. It is wound around the input sprocket 20a.

走行機体の操向操作について説明する。
図11に示すように、前輪用の車輪操向操作機構50は、左の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18及び右の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18それぞれに操向軸芯Pまわりに一体に揺動するように設けられ、左の前車輪2及び右の前車輪2の前後一対の操向操作部を構成する一対のアーム部18aのうちの前側のアーム部18aを連動連結するタイロッド51と、左の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18の後側のアーム部18aに操作ロッド52を介して出力アーム部53aが連動連結された操向操作体53と、操向操作体53を操作する前輪操向アクチュエータ54とを備えている。
The steering operation of the traveling machine will be described.
As shown in FIG. 11, the wheel steering operation mechanism 50 for the front wheels is integrally formed around the steering axis P on the front wheel drive case 18 of the left front wheel 2 and the front wheel drive case 18 of the right front wheel 2. A tie rod 51 which is provided so as to swing, and interlocks and connects the front arm portion 18a of the pair of front and rear arm portions 18a constituting the pair of front and rear steering operation portions of the left front wheel 2 and the right front wheel 2; A steering operation body 53 in which an output arm portion 53a is interlocked and connected to an arm 18a on the rear side of the front wheel drive case 18 of the left front wheel 2 via an operation rod 52, and a front wheel for operating the steering operation body 53. And a steering actuator 54.

図11に示すように、後輪用の車輪操向操作機構55は、左の後車輪3の後輪駆動ケース19及び右の後車輪3の後輪駆動ケース19それぞれに操向軸芯Pまわりに一体に揺動するように設けられ、左の後車輪3及び右の後車輪3の前後一対の操向操作部を構成する一対のアーム部19aのうちの後側のア−ム部19aを連動連結するタイロッド51と、右の前車輪2の後輪駆動ケース19の前側のアーム部19aに操作ロッド52を介して出力アーム部53aが連動連結された操向操作体53と、操向操作体53を操作する後輪操向アクチュエータ56とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 11, the wheel steering operation mechanism 55 for the rear wheel has a steering axis P around the rear wheel drive case 19 on the left rear wheel 3 and the rear wheel drive case 19 on the right rear wheel 3. The arm portion 19a on the rear side of the pair of arm portions 19a constituting the pair of front and rear steering operation portions of the left rear wheel 3 and the right rear wheel 3 is provided. The tie rod 51 to be interlocked and connected, the steering operation body 53 in which the output arm portion 53a is interlocked and connected to the front arm portion 19a of the rear wheel drive case 19 of the right front wheel 2 via the operation rod 52, and the steering operation And a rear wheel steering actuator 56 for operating the body 53.

前輪用の車輪操向操作機構50の操向操作体53は、機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位よりも前側部位の上面側に設けられた支持部材57に機体上下向きの揺動軸芯Yまわりの揺動操作できるように支持されている。   The steering operation body 53 of the wheel steering operation mechanism 50 for the front wheels is swung upward and downward on the support member 57 provided on the upper surface side of the front portion of the cutting blade housing 11 in the body frame 12. It is supported so as to be able to swing around the axis Y.

後輪用の車輪操向操作機構55の操向操作体53は、機体フレーム12のうちの刈り刃ハウジング11の部位よりも後側部位の上面側に設けられ支持部材57に機体上下向きの揺動軸芯Yまわりの揺動操作できるように支持されている。   The steering operation body 53 of the wheel steering operation mechanism 55 for the rear wheel is provided on the upper surface side of the rear part of the body frame 12 relative to the part of the cutting blade housing 11, and the support member 57 swings upward and downward. It is supported so that it can be swung around the dynamic axis Y.

前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56は、操向操作体53に備えられた扇形ギヤ部53bに出力ギヤ54a,56aが噛み合った正逆転駆動が可能な電動操向モータによって構成してある。電動操向モータは、機体フレーム12の上面側に支持されている。   The front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 are configured by an electric steering motor capable of forward / reverse driving in which output gears 54 a and 56 a are engaged with a fan-shaped gear portion 53 b provided in the steering operation body 53. is there. The electric steering motor is supported on the upper surface side of the body frame 12.

以下において、前輪操向アクチュエータ54を前輪操向モータ54と称して説明し、後輪操向アクチュエータ56を後輪操向モータ56と称して説明する。   Hereinafter, the front wheel steering actuator 54 will be described as the front wheel steering motor 54, and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 will be described as the rear wheel steering motor 56.

前輪用の車輪操向操作機構50は、前輪操向モータ54によって左右一対の前車輪2を連動させて操向操作する。すなわち、前輪操向モータ54が操向操作体53を揺動軸芯Yまわりに揺動操作し、操向操作体53の操作力を操作ロッド52によって左の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18に伝達してこの前輪駆動ケース18を揺動させ、左の前車輪2を操向操作する。左の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18の操作力をタイロッド51によって右の前車輪2の前輪駆動ケース18に伝達してこの前輪駆動ケース18を揺動させ、右の前車輪2を左の前車輪2と連動させて、左の前車輪2と同じ操向方向に操向操作する。   The front wheel steering operation mechanism 50 operates the front wheel steering motor 54 in conjunction with the pair of left and right front wheels 2. That is, the front wheel steering motor 54 swings the steering operation body 53 about the swing axis Y, and the operating force of the steering operation body 53 is applied to the front wheel drive case 18 of the left front wheel 2 by the operation rod 52. Then, the front wheel drive case 18 is swung to steer the left front wheel 2. The operating force of the front wheel drive case 18 of the left front wheel 2 is transmitted to the front wheel drive case 18 of the right front wheel 2 by the tie rod 51 to swing the front wheel drive case 18, and the right front wheel 2 is moved to the left front. In conjunction with the wheel 2, the steering operation is performed in the same steering direction as the left front wheel 2.

後輪用の車輪操向操作機構55は、後輪操向モータ56によって左右一対の後車輪3を連動させて操向操作する。すなわち、後輪操向モータ56が操向操作体53を揺動軸芯Yまわりに揺動操作し、操向操作体53の操作力を操作ロッド52によって右の後車輪3の後輪駆動ケース19に伝達してこの後輪駆動ケース19を揺動させ、右の後車輪3を操向操作する。右の後車輪3の後輪駆動ケース19の操作力をタイロッド51によって左の後車輪3の後輪駆動ケース19に伝達してこの後輪駆動ケース19を揺動させて、右の後車輪3を左の後車輪3と連動させて、左の後車輪3と同じ操向方向に操向操作する。   The wheel steering operation mechanism 55 for the rear wheels operates the pair of left and right rear wheels 3 in conjunction with the rear wheel steering motor 56. That is, the rear wheel steering motor 56 swings the steering operation body 53 about the swing axis Y, and the operating force of the steering operation body 53 is controlled by the operation rod 52 to the rear wheel drive case of the right rear wheel 3. 19, the rear wheel drive case 19 is swung, and the right rear wheel 3 is steered. The operating force of the rear wheel drive case 19 of the right rear wheel 3 is transmitted to the rear wheel drive case 19 of the left rear wheel 3 by the tie rod 51 to swing the rear wheel drive case 19, and the right rear wheel 3 Are operated in the same steering direction as the left rear wheel 3 in conjunction with the left rear wheel 3.

図16に示すように、制御装置9は、内蔵されたアンテナ(図示せず)によって遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令としての電波信号を受信するように構成してある。制御装置9には、マイクロコンピュータを利用して構成された操向制御部9aを備えてある。   As shown in FIG. 16, the control device 9 is configured to receive a radio wave signal as an operation command from the remote control device 10 by a built-in antenna (not shown). The control device 9 is provided with a steering control unit 9a configured using a microcomputer.

操向制御部9aは、操向操作装置としての遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令としての電波信号を基に、前輪操向制御モード[2FS]、後輪操向制御モード[2RS]、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]及び両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]を設定する。   The steering control unit 9a is based on a radio wave signal as an operation command from the remote operation device 10 as a steering operation device, and the front wheel steering control mode [2FS], the rear wheel steering control mode [2RS], and both wheels are the same. The steering control mode [4DS] and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS] are set.

操向制御部9aは、前輪操向制御モード[2FS]を設定すると、後輪操向モータ56を中立状態に制御して左右の後車輪3を中立向き(直進向き)に維持しながら前輪操向モータ54を制御し、左右の前車輪2のみを遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向向きに、かつ遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向角に操向操作する。   When the front wheel steering control mode [2FS] is set, the steering control unit 9a controls the front wheel steering motor 56 while controlling the rear wheel steering motor 56 to the neutral state and maintaining the left and right rear wheels 3 in the neutral direction (straight forward direction). The direction motor 54 is controlled so that only the left and right front wheels 2 are steered in the steering direction corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10 and the steering angle corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10.

操向制御部9aは、後輪操向制御モード[2RS]を設定すると、前輪操向モータ54を中立状態に制御して左右の前車輪2を中立向き(直進向き)に維持しながら後輪操向モータ56を制御し、左右の後車輪3のみを遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向向きに、かつ遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向角に操向操作する。   When the rear wheel steering control mode [2RS] is set, the steering control unit 9a controls the front wheel steering motor 54 to the neutral state and maintains the left and right front wheels 2 in the neutral direction (straight forward direction). The steering motor 56 is controlled, and only the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered in the steering direction corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10 and the steering angle corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10.

操向制御部9aは、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]を設定すると、前輪操向モータ54及び後輪操向モータ56を制御し、左右一対の前車輪2及び左右一対の後車輪3を遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した同じ操向向きに、かつ遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向角に操向操作する。   When the steering control unit 9a sets the steering control mode [4DS] for both wheels, the steering control unit 9a controls the front wheel steering motor 54 and the rear wheel steering motor 56, and controls the pair of left and right front wheels 2 and the pair of left and right rear wheels 3. The steering operation is performed in the same steering direction corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10 and to the steering angle corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10.

操向制御部9aは、両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]を設定すると、前輪操向モータ54及び後輪操向モータ56を制御し、左右一対の前車輪2及び左右一対の後車輪3を遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した逆操向向きに、かつ遠隔操作装置10の操作状態に対応した操向角に操向操作する。   When the steering control unit 9a sets the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS], the steering control unit 9a controls the front wheel steering motor 54 and the rear wheel steering motor 56 to control the pair of left and right front wheels 2 and the pair of left and right rear wheels 3. The steering operation is performed in the reverse steering direction corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10 and to the steering angle corresponding to the operation state of the remote operation device 10.

図16に示すように、操向操作装置としての遠隔操作装置10は、2輪操向操作具60、4輪操向操作具61及びモード選択操作具62を備えたジョイスティックによって構成してある。   As shown in FIG. 16, the remote operation device 10 as a steering operation device is configured by a joystick including a two-wheel steering operation tool 60, a four-wheel steering operation tool 61, and a mode selection operation tool 62.

モード選択操作具62は、遠隔操作装置10の縦方向に沿った軸芯まわりに回転操作できるダイヤルによって構成されている。モード選択操作具62を回転操作することにより、遠隔操作装置10の発信状態として、2輪操向操作具60の操作状態に対応した操向指令としての電波信号を発信する2輪操向用の発信状態、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]において4輪操向操作具61の操作状態に対応した操向指令としての電波信号を発信する4輪操向用かつ同操向用の発信状態、両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]において4輪操向操作具61の操作状態に対応した操向指令としての電波信号を発信する4輪操向用かつ逆操向用の発信状態を選択できるように構成してある。   The mode selection operation tool 62 is configured by a dial that can be rotated around an axis along the longitudinal direction of the remote operation device 10. By rotating the mode selection operation tool 62, as a transmission state of the remote operation device 10, a radio wave signal as a steering command corresponding to the operation state of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is transmitted. A transmission state, a transmission state for the four-wheel steering and the same steering for transmitting a radio signal as a steering command corresponding to the operation state of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel steering control mode [4DS], In the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS], it is possible to select a transmission state for a four-wheel steering and a reverse steering for transmitting a radio signal as a steering command corresponding to the operation state of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61. It is configured.

2輪操向操作具60は、遠隔操作装置10の横方向及び縦方向に揺動操作できるスティックレバーによって構成してある。図17(a)は、前輪操向用の操作経路[K1]に位置した2輪操向操作具60を示す正面図である。図17(b)は、前輪操向用の操作経路[K1]に位置した2輪操向操作具60を示す側面図である。図17(c)は、後輪操向用の操作経路[K2]に位置した2輪操向操作具60を示す正面図である。図17(d)は、後輪操向用の操作経路[K2]に位置した2輪操向操作具60を示す側面図である。   The two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is constituted by a stick lever that can be swung in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the remote control device 10. FIG. 17A is a front view showing the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 positioned on the operation path [K1] for steering the front wheels. FIG. 17B is a side view showing the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 positioned on the operation path [K1] for steering the front wheels. FIG. 17C is a front view showing the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 positioned on the operation path [K2] for rear wheel steering. FIG. 17D is a side view showing the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 located on the rear-wheel steering operation path [K2].

図17(a),(b),(c),(d)に示すように、2輪操向操作具60を操作するための前輪操向用の操作経路[K1]と後輪操向用の操作経路[K2]とを、遠隔操作装置10の縦方向に位置ずれした別の操作経路に設定してある。遠隔操作装置10の2輪操向用の発信状態を選択した状態において、図17(a),(b)に示す如く2輪操向操作具60を前輪操向用の操作経路[K1]に位置させると、操向制御部9aが遠隔操作装置10からの電波信号を基に、前輪操向制御モード[2FS]の設定状態になる。遠隔操作装置10の2輪操向用の発信状態を選択した状態において、図17(a),(b)に示す如く2輪操向操作具60を後輪操向用の操作経路[K2]に位置させると、操向制御部9aが遠隔操作装置10からの電波信号を基に、後輪操向制御モード[2RS]の設定状態になる。   As shown in FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D, the front wheel steering operation path [K1] for operating the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 and the rear-wheel steering are used. The operation route [K2] is set as another operation route that is displaced in the vertical direction of the remote operation device 10. In the state where the transmission state for the two-wheel steering of the remote control device 10 is selected, the two-wheel steering operating tool 60 is set to the operation path [K1] for the front wheel steering as shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b). When positioned, the steering control unit 9a is set to the front wheel steering control mode [2FS] based on the radio signal from the remote operation device 10. In the state where the transmission state for the two-wheel steering of the remote control device 10 is selected, the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is operated to the rear-wheel steering operation path [K2] as shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b). The steering control unit 9a is set to the rear wheel steering control mode [2RS] based on the radio signal from the remote control device 10.

遠隔操作装置10の2輪操向用の発信状態を選択した場合、2輪操向操作具60を前輪操向用の操作経路[K1]において中立位置から左横方向及び右横方向に傾動操作することにより、操向制御部9aよる前輪操向制御モードでの制御により、前輪操向モータ54が左右の前車輪2を中立向き(直進向き)から2輪操向操作具60の操作方向に対応した横向きに操向操作し、走行機体を前車輪2のみによる操向操作によって2輪操向操作具60の操作方向に対応した方向に操向操作できる。2輪操向操作具60の左横方向及び右横方向への傾動ストロークを大にするほど、前車輪2の左横向き及び右横向きへの操向角が大になる。   When the transmission state for two-wheel steering of the remote operation device 10 is selected, the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is tilted from the neutral position to the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction in the operation path [K1] for front wheel steering. As a result, the front wheel steering motor 54 moves the left and right front wheels 2 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the operation direction of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 by the control in the front wheel steering control mode by the steering control unit 9a. The steering operation can be performed in the corresponding lateral direction, and the traveling body can be steered in the direction corresponding to the operation direction of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 by the steering operation using only the front wheel 2. As the tilting stroke of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased, the steering angle of the front wheel 2 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased.

遠隔操作装置10の2輪操向用の発信状態を選択した場合、2輪操向操作具60を後輪操向用の操作経路[K2]において中立位置から左横方向及び右横方向に傾動操作することにより、操向制御部9aよる後輪操向制御モードでの制御により、後輪操向モータ56が左右の後車輪3を中立向き(直進向き)から2輪操向操作具60の操作方向に対応した横向きに操向操作し、走行機体を後車輪3のみによる操向操作によって2輪操向操作具60の操作方向に対応した方向に操向操作できる。2輪操向操作具60の左横方向及び右横方向へ傾動ストロークを大にするほど、後車輪3の左横向き及び右横向きへの操向角が大になる。   When the transmission state for two-wheel steering of the remote operation device 10 is selected, the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is tilted from the neutral position to the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction in the operation path [K2] for rear wheel steering. By the operation, the rear wheel steering motor 56 moves the left and right rear wheels 3 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 by the control in the rear wheel steering control mode by the steering control unit 9a. The steering operation can be performed in the horizontal direction corresponding to the operation direction, and the traveling body can be operated in the direction corresponding to the operation direction of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 by the steering operation using only the rear wheel 3. As the tilting stroke of the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is increased in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction, the steering angle of the rear wheel 3 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased.

4輪操向操作具61は、遠隔操作装置10の横方向に揺動操作できるスティックレバーによって構成してある。図17(e)は、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]及び両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]における操作経路[K3]に位置した4輪操向操作具61を示す正面図である。図17(f)は、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]及び両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]における操作経路[K3]に位置した4輪操向操作具61を示す側面図である。   The four-wheel steering operation tool 61 is constituted by a stick lever that can be swung in the lateral direction of the remote control device 10. FIG. 17E is a front view showing the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 positioned on the operation route [K3] in the two-wheel same steering control mode [4DS] and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS]. FIG. 17F is a side view showing the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 positioned on the operation path [K3] in the two-wheel same steering control mode [4DS] and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS].

図17(e),(f)に示すように、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]において4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路[K1]と、両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]において4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路[k1]とを同じ操作経路に設定してある。   As shown in FIGS. 17E and 17F, an operation path [K1] for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel steering control mode [4DS] and a two-wheel reverse steering control mode [ 4GS], the operation route [k1] for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 is set to the same operation route.

遠隔操作装置10の4輪操向用かつ同操向用の発信状態を選択した場合、4輪操向操作具61を操作経路[K3]において中立位置から左横方向及び右横方向に傾動操作することにより、両輪同操向制御モード[4DS]の設定状態にある操向制御部9aによる制御により、前輪操向モータ54が左右の前車輪2を中立向き(直進向き)から4輪操向操作具61の操作方向に対応した横向きに操向操作し、後輪操向モータ56が左右の後車輪3を中立向き(直進向き)から4輪操向操作具61の操作方向に対応した横向きであって、左右の前車輪2と同じ横向きに操向操作し、走行機体を左向きや右向きに平行移動するように操向操作できる。4輪操向操作具61の左横方向及び右横方向への傾動ストロークを大にするほど、前車輪2及び後車輪3の左横向き及び右横向きへの操向角が大になる。   When the transmission state for the four-wheel steering and the same steering of the remote control device 10 is selected, the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 is tilted in the operation path [K3] from the neutral position to the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction. Thus, the front wheel steering motor 54 moves the left and right front wheels 2 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the four-wheel steering by the control by the steering control unit 9a in the setting state of the two-wheel simultaneous steering control mode [4DS]. The rear wheel steering motor 56 steers the left and right rear wheels 3 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the lateral direction corresponding to the operation direction of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61. In this case, the steering operation can be performed in the same lateral direction as the left and right front wheels 2 so that the traveling machine body is translated leftward or rightward. As the tilting stroke of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased, the steering angle of the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased.

遠隔操作装置10の4輪操向用かつ逆操向用の発信状態を選択した場合、4輪操向操作具61を操作経路[K3]において中立位置から左横方向及び右横方向に傾動操作することにより、両輪逆操向制御モード[4GS]の設定状態にある操向制御部9aによる制御により、前輪操向モータ54が左右の前車輪2を中立向き(直進向き)から4輪操向操作具61の操作方向に対応した横向きに操向操作し、後輪操向モータ56が左右の後車輪3を中立向き(直進向き)から4輪操向操作具61の操作方向に対応した横向きであって、左右の前車輪2の横向きとは逆の横向きに操向操作し、走行機体を小半径で旋回するように操向操作できる。4輪操向操作具61の左横方向及び右横方向への傾動ストロークを大にするほど、前車輪2及び後車輪3の左横向き及び右横向きへの操向角が大になる。   When the transmission state for the four-wheel steering and the reverse steering of the remote operation device 10 is selected, the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 is tilted from the neutral position to the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction in the operation path [K3]. Thus, the front wheel steering motor 54 moves the left and right front wheels 2 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the four-wheel steering by the control by the steering control unit 9a in the setting state of the two-wheel reverse steering control mode [4GS]. The rear wheel steering motor 56 steers the left and right rear wheels 3 from the neutral direction (straight forward direction) to the lateral direction corresponding to the operation direction of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61. In this case, the steering operation can be performed so as to turn the traveling machine body with a small radius by performing the steering operation in the lateral direction opposite to the lateral direction of the left and right front wheels 2. As the tilting stroke of the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased, the steering angle of the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is increased.

2輪操向操作具60及び4輪操向操作具61は、左横方向及び右横方向へ傾動操作が解除されると、中立位置に自動的に復帰し、前車輪2及び後車輪3は、中立向き(直進向き)に操作される。   The two-wheel steering operation tool 60 and the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 automatically return to the neutral position when the tilting operation in the left lateral direction and the right lateral direction is released, and the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are It is operated in a neutral direction (straight forward direction).

遠隔操作装置10に備えてある前後進スイッチ63は、前進指令及び後進指令としての電波信号を遠隔操作装置10から発信させ、制御装置9に備えてある前後進制御部9bを作動させるものである。前後進制御部9bは、遠隔操作装置10からの電波信号を基に、前後進切換えの伝動機構34の操作部に連動連結された伝動切換えアクチュエータとしての伝動切換えモータ64を制御し、前後進切換えの伝動機構34を前進状態、後進状態及び中立状態に切換え操作するものである。   The forward / reverse switch 63 provided in the remote control device 10 transmits a radio wave signal as a forward command and a reverse command from the remote control device 10 and operates the forward / backward control unit 9b provided in the control device 9. . The forward / reverse control unit 9b controls the transmission switching motor 64 as a transmission switching actuator linked to the operation unit of the transmission mechanism 34 for forward / reverse switching based on the radio signal from the remote control device 10 to switch forward / reverse. The transmission mechanism 34 is switched to a forward state, a reverse state and a neutral state.

走行機体の自動停止について説明する。
図1,2,8に示すように、走行機体の前部及び後部に障害物センサー70を設けてある。図16に示すように、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70と前後進切換えの伝動機構34とを、制御装置9を備えた連係機構80によって連係させてある。
The automatic stop of the traveling machine will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 8, obstacle sensors 70 are provided at the front and rear of the traveling machine body. As shown in FIG. 16, the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 and the forward / reverse switching transmission mechanism 34 are linked by a linkage mechanism 80 including a control device 9.

つまり、走行機体を前進走行させている場合、進行方向前方に存在する樹木などの障害物が前部の障害物センサー70によって検出されると、走行機体が自動的に機体後方側に少し逆走してから停止するように構成してある。走行機体を後進走行させている場合、進行方向前方に存在する樹木などの障害物が後部の障害物センサー70によって検出されると、走行機体が自動的に機体前方側に少し逆走してから停止するように構成してある。詳しくは、次の如く構成してある。   In other words, when the traveling vehicle is traveling forward, if an obstacle such as a tree existing in front of the traveling direction is detected by the front obstacle sensor 70, the traveling vehicle automatically moves slightly backward to the rear side of the aircraft. Then, it is configured to stop. When the traveling vehicle is traveling backward, when an obstacle such as a tree existing in the forward direction is detected by the obstacle sensor 70 at the rear, the traveling vehicle automatically reverses slightly forward to the front of the aircraft. It is configured to stop. Specifically, the configuration is as follows.

図1,2,12,13に示すように、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70は、機体横方向に長いバー形状を備えるように構成してある。前部及び後部の障害物センサー70は、長手方向の両端側から延出した支持アーム71、及び左右の支持アーム71の延出端部にわたって連結された機体横向きの支軸72を備えている。支軸72を相対回転可能に支持するブラケット73が左右の補強フレーム14の端部に設けられており、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70は、支軸72の機体横向き軸芯を揺動軸芯Xとして揺動し、走行機体のフレーム部1に対して機体前後方向に移動する。   As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 12, and 13, the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 are configured to have a long bar shape in the lateral direction of the machine body. The front and rear obstacle sensors 70 include a support arm 71 extending from both ends in the longitudinal direction, and a lateral support shaft 72 connected to the extended end of the left and right support arms 71. A bracket 73 that supports the support shaft 72 so as to be relatively rotatable is provided at the ends of the left and right reinforcing frames 14, and the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 are configured so that the body axis of the support shaft 72 is pivoted around the body. It swings as the core X and moves in the longitudinal direction of the machine body relative to the frame part 1 of the traveling machine body.

以下において、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70、並びに、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70に関係する部材の移動や部位の説明に、機体外側及び機体内側と表現して説明するが、前部の障害物センサー70及び前部の障害物センサー70に関係する部材の説明における機体外側及び機体内側は、機体前方側及び機体後方側に相当し、後部の障害物センサー70、及び後部の障害物センサー70に関係する部材の説明における機体外側及び機体内側は、機体後方側及び機体前方側に相当する。   In the following description, the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 and the movements and parts of the members related to the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 will be described as the outer side of the body and the inner side of the body. In the description of the members related to the front obstacle sensor 70 and the front obstacle sensor 70, the outer side and the inner side of the body correspond to the front side and the rear side of the body, the rear obstacle sensor 70, and the rear obstacle. The airframe outer side and the airframe inner side in the description of the members related to the object sensor 70 correspond to the airframe rear side and the airframe front side.

前部及び後部の障害物センサー70の長手方向の両端側に、付勢機構65を装着してある。前部及び後部の障害物センサー70それぞれに装着してある左右の付勢機構65は、支持アーム71に一端側が相対回転するように支持され、他端側が補強フレーム14の端部に設けられたブラケット14bに機体前後方向にスライドするように支持された機体前後向きのストローク規制杆66を備えている。ストローク規制杆66のうちのブラケット14bよりも機体内側に位置する部位にピン形のストッパー66aを設けてある。ストローク規制杆66のうちのブラケット14bよりも機体外側に位置する部位にばね力調節ねじ67を設けてある。ブラケット14bとばね力調節ねじ67との間に配置した付勢ばね68をストローク規制杆66に装着してある。   Energizing mechanisms 65 are mounted on both ends of the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 in the longitudinal direction. The left and right urging mechanisms 65 attached to the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 are supported by the support arm 71 so that one end side is relatively rotated, and the other end side is provided at the end of the reinforcing frame 14. The bracket 14b is provided with a front and rear stroke restriction rod 66 supported so as to slide in the front and rear direction of the body. A pin-shaped stopper 66a is provided in a portion of the stroke restricting rod 66 located on the inner side of the machine body than the bracket 14b. A spring force adjusting screw 67 is provided in a portion of the stroke restricting rod 66 that is located on the outer side of the machine body relative to the bracket 14b. An urging spring 68 disposed between the bracket 14 b and the spring force adjusting screw 67 is attached to the stroke restricting rod 66.

前部及び後部の障害物センサー70それぞれの左右の付勢機構65では、障害物センサー70の機体外側への移動によってストローク規制杆66が機体外側に移動するに伴い、ストッパー66aがブラケット14bに当接し、ストローク規制杆66のそれ以上の機体外側へ移動が規制され、障害物センサー70のそれ以上の機体外側への移動がストローク規制杆66によって規制される。障害物センサー70の機体内側への移動によってストローク規制杆66が機体内側に移動するに伴い、付勢ばね68がばね力調節ねじ67によって弾性変形されながらブラケット14bに押し付けられ、ばね力調節ねじ67が付勢ばね68によって受け止め支持されてストローク規制杆66のそれ以上の機体内側への移動が規制され、障害物センサー70のそれ以上の機体内側への移動がストローク規制杆66によって規制される。   In the left and right urging mechanisms 65 of the front and rear obstacle sensors 70, the stopper 66a contacts the bracket 14b as the stroke restriction rod 66 moves outward due to the movement of the obstacle sensor 70 outward. In contact therewith, further movement of the stroke restriction rod 66 to the outside of the machine body is restricted, and further movement of the obstacle sensor 70 to the outside of the machine body is restricted by the stroke restriction rod 66. As the stroke restriction rod 66 moves inward of the airframe due to the movement of the obstacle sensor 70 inward of the airframe, the urging spring 68 is pressed against the bracket 14 b while being elastically deformed by the spring force adjusting screw 67, and the spring force adjusting screw 67. Is received and supported by the urging spring 68, and further movement of the stroke restriction rod 66 to the inside of the machine body is restricted, and further movement of the obstacle sensor 70 to the inside of the machine body is restricted by the stroke restriction rod 66.

前部及び後部それぞれの障害物センサー70は、ストッパー66aがブラケット14bに当接する機体外側のストロークエンドE1と、ばね力調節ねじ67が付勢ばね68によって受け止め支持される機体内側のストロークエンドE2とにわたって機体前後方向に移動する。障害物センサー70の全ストロークHのうちの機体外側のストロークエンドE1と機体内側のストロークエンドE2との間の位置を障害物センサー70の検出位置Tとして設定してある。詳述すると、全ストロークHのうちの中心位置よりも機体外側のストロークエンドE1に寄った位置を検出位置Tとして設定してある。全ストロークHのうちの検出位置Tよりも機体外側の位置を障害物センサー70の非検出位置Nとして設定してある。実施例では、非検出位置Nと機体外側のストロークエンドE1とが一致又はほぼ一致している。全ストロークHのうちの検出位置Tよりも機体内側の領域を、検出位置Tに位置した障害物センサー70がその後において検出位置Tを越えて非検出位置Nとは反対側に障害物によって移動操作されることを可能にする緩衝領域Wとして設定してある。障害物センサー70は、左右の付勢ばね68によって非検出位置Nに付勢され、障害物による押圧操作を受けない通常時は非検出位置Nに位置する。   The front and rear obstacle sensors 70 include a stroke end E1 outside the machine body where the stopper 66a abuts the bracket 14b, and a stroke end E2 inside the machine body where the spring force adjusting screw 67 is received and supported by the biasing spring 68. Move in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft. The position between the stroke end E1 on the outer side of the body and the stroke end E2 on the inner side of the body of the entire stroke H of the obstacle sensor 70 is set as the detection position T of the obstacle sensor 70. More specifically, the position closer to the stroke end E1 outside the machine body than the center position of all the strokes H is set as the detection position T. A position outside the body of the entire stroke H from the detection position T is set as a non-detection position N of the obstacle sensor 70. In the embodiment, the non-detection position N and the stroke end E1 on the outer side of the body coincide with or substantially coincide with each other. The obstacle sensor 70 located at the detection position T in the region of the whole stroke H beyond the detection position T is then moved by the obstacle to the opposite side of the non-detection position N beyond the detection position T. It is set as a buffer area W that makes it possible. The obstacle sensor 70 is urged to the non-detection position N by the left and right urging springs 68, and is located at the non-detection position N in a normal time when it is not subjected to a pressing operation by the obstacle.

図16に示すように、連係機構80は、前部の障害物センサー70の位置検出を行なう前部センサー用の検出スイッチ81と、後部の障害物センサー70の位置検出を行なう後部センサー用の検出スイッチ82と、前後進切換えの伝動機構34を切換え操作する伝動切換えアクチュエータとしての伝動切換えモータ64と、伝動切換えモータ64及び各検出スイッチ81,82に連係された制御装置9とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 16, the linkage mechanism 80 includes a detection switch 81 for the front sensor that detects the position of the front obstacle sensor 70 and a detection for the rear sensor that detects the position of the rear obstacle sensor 70. A switch 82, a transmission switching motor 64 as a transmission switching actuator for switching the forward / reverse switching transmission mechanism 34, and a control device 9 linked to the transmission switching motor 64 and the detection switches 81 and 82 are provided.

図1,12,13に示すように、前部センサー用の検出スイッチ81は、左右の前後向きの補強フレーム14の前端部を連結する連結フレーム83に支持されている。前部の障害物センサー70の支軸72に、前部センサー用の検出スイッチ81のためのスイッチ操作部84を一体回転するように設けてある。   As shown in FIGS. 1, 12, and 13, the front sensor detection switch 81 is supported by a connecting frame 83 that connects the front end portions of the left and right front-rear reinforcing frames 14. A switch operating portion 84 for the detection switch 81 for the front sensor is provided so as to rotate integrally with the support shaft 72 of the front obstacle sensor 70.

後部センサー用の検出スイッチ82は、左右の前後向きの補強フレーム14の後端部を連結する連結フレーム83に支持されている。後部の障害物センサー70の支軸72に、後部センサー用の検出スイッチ82ためのスイッチ操作部84を一体回転するように設けてある。   The detection switch 82 for the rear sensor is supported by a connecting frame 83 that connects the rear end portions of the left and right front-rear reinforcing frames 14. A switch operating portion 84 for the detection switch 82 for the rear sensor is provided on the support shaft 72 of the rear obstacle sensor 70 so as to rotate integrally.

前部センサー用及び後部センサー用の検出スイッチ81,82は、連結フレーム83の下部側に支持されている。連結フレーム83は、検出スイッチ81,82の上方を覆うガード機能を備えている。   The detection switches 81 and 82 for the front sensor and the rear sensor are supported on the lower side of the connection frame 83. The connection frame 83 has a guard function that covers the detection switches 81 and 82.

前部センサー用及び後部センサー用それぞれの検出スイッチ81,82は、障害物センサー70が非検出位置Nに位置していると、感圧部がスイッチ操作部84による押圧操作を受けず、切り状態にあり、障害物センサー70が非検出位置Nから検出位置Tに移動することにより、感圧部がスイッチ操作部84による押圧操作を受けて、切り状態から入り状態に切り換わる。検出スイッチ81,82は、障害物センサー70が緩衝領域Wに位置すると、感圧部がスイッチ操作部84による押圧操作を継続して受けるが、感圧部の位置変化が発生するだけで、スイッチ機能に支障が生じない。   When the obstacle sensor 70 is located at the non-detection position N, the detection switches 81 and 82 for the front sensor and the rear sensor are in a cut-off state because the pressure-sensitive unit does not receive a pressing operation by the switch operation unit 84. When the obstacle sensor 70 moves from the non-detection position N to the detection position T, the pressure-sensitive portion receives a pressing operation by the switch operation portion 84 and switches from the cut state to the on state. When the obstacle sensor 70 is located in the buffer region W, the detection switches 81 and 82 continue to receive the pressure operation by the switch operation unit 84, but the switch is only changed in position. There is no problem in function.

制御装置9に停止制御部9cを備えてある。停止制御部9cは、前部センサー用の検出スイッチ81から前部の障害物センサー70の位置情報を入力し、後部センサー用の検出スイッチ82から後部の障害物センサー70の位置情報を入力し、これらの入力情報と、制御装置9に予め入力されたプログラムとを基に、前後進制御部9bに操作指令を出力して前後進制御部9bによる伝動切換えモータ64の制御を行わせることにより、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70による障害物の検出に対応した走行機体の前後進切換え操作及び停止操作を行なう。   The control device 9 includes a stop control unit 9c. The stop control unit 9c inputs the position information of the front obstacle sensor 70 from the detection switch 81 for the front sensor, inputs the position information of the rear obstacle sensor 70 from the detection switch 82 for the rear sensor, Based on these input information and a program preliminarily input to the control device 9, an operation command is output to the forward / reverse control unit 9b to control the transmission switching motor 64 by the forward / reverse control unit 9b. A forward / reverse switching operation and a stop operation of the traveling body corresponding to the detection of the obstacle by the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 are performed.

すなわち、停止制御部9cは、前部の障害物センサー70及び後部の障害物センサー70が共に非検出位置Nにある場合、前後進制御部9bに遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令に基づく伝動切換えモータ64の制御を行わせる操作指令を出力し、遠隔操作装置10による走行機体の前後進操作を可能にする。   That is, when both the front obstacle sensor 70 and the rear obstacle sensor 70 are at the non-detection position N, the stop control section 9c switches the transmission based on the operation command from the remote control device 10 to the forward / reverse control section 9b. An operation command for controlling the motor 64 is output, and the traveling operation of the traveling machine body by the remote operation device 10 is enabled.

停止制御部9cは、前部の障害物センサー70が検出位置Tに位置した場合、前後進制御部9bに遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令に優先して伝動切換えモータ64を後進操作状態に制御させて、伝動機構34を前進伝動状態から後進伝動状態に切換え操作し、走行機体を前進走行から後進走行に切り換える。   When the front obstacle sensor 70 is located at the detection position T, the stop control unit 9c controls the transmission switching motor 64 in the reverse operation state in preference to the operation command from the remote control device 10 to the forward / reverse control unit 9b. Thus, the transmission mechanism 34 is switched from the forward transmission state to the reverse transmission state, and the traveling machine body is switched from the forward traveling to the reverse traveling.

停止制御部9cは、伝動機構34を予め設定された設定継続時間、後進伝動状態に維持させた後、前後進制御部9bに伝動切換えモータ64を中立状態に制御させて、伝動機構34を後進伝動状態から中立状態に切換え操作し、走行機体を停止させる。この走行機体の停止は、後に遠隔操作装置10からの前進指令及び後進指令を受けるまで継続させる。   The stop control unit 9c maintains the transmission mechanism 34 in the reverse transmission state for a preset setting duration, and then causes the forward / reverse control unit 9b to control the transmission switching motor 64 to the neutral state, thereby moving the transmission mechanism 34 in the reverse direction. Switch from the transmission state to the neutral state to stop the traveling aircraft. This stop of the traveling machine is continued until a forward command and a reverse command from the remote control device 10 are received later.

停止制御部9cは、後部の障害物センサー70が検出位置Tに位置した場合、前後進制御部9bに遠隔操作装置10からの操作指令に優先して伝動切換えモータ64を前進操作状態に制御させて、伝動機構34を後進伝動状態から前進伝動状態に切換え操作し、走行機体を後進走行から前進走行に切り換える。   When the rear obstacle sensor 70 is located at the detection position T, the stop control unit 9c causes the forward / reverse control unit 9b to control the transmission switching motor 64 to the forward operation state in preference to the operation command from the remote operation device 10. Then, the transmission mechanism 34 is switched from the reverse transmission state to the forward transmission state, and the traveling machine body is switched from the reverse drive to the forward drive.

停止制御部9cは、伝動機構34を予め設定された設定継続時間、前進伝動状態に維持させた後、前後進制御部9bに伝動切換えモータ64を中立状態に制御させて、伝動機構34を前進伝動状態から中立状態に切換え操作し、走行機体を停止させる。この走行機体の停止は、後に遠隔操作装置10からの前進指令及び後進指令を受けるまで継続させる。   The stop control unit 9c maintains the transmission mechanism 34 in the forward transmission state for a preset setting duration, and then causes the forward / reverse control unit 9b to control the transmission switching motor 64 to the neutral state to move the transmission mechanism 34 forward. Switch from the transmission state to the neutral state to stop the traveling aircraft. This stop of the traveling machine is continued until a forward command and a reverse command from the remote control device 10 are received later.

前部及び後部それぞれの障害物センサー70は、障害物との当接によって非検出位置Nから検出位置Tに移動しても、検出位置Tに停止したままにならず、検出位置Tを越えて緩衝領域Wに移動し、障害物センサー70と障害物との当たりに起因する走行機体の行き止まりが生じない。   Even if the front and rear obstacle sensors 70 move from the non-detection position N to the detection position T due to contact with the obstacle, they do not remain stopped at the detection position T, but exceed the detection position T. Moving to the buffer region W, the dead end of the traveling machine body due to the contact between the obstacle sensor 70 and the obstacle does not occur.

つまり、障害物センサー70による障害物の検出が行われると、停止制御部9cの停止制御に基づく伝動切換えモータ64による伝動機構34の切換え操作が行われる。しかし、非検出位置から検出位置に切り換わった障害物センサー70がストロークエンドに位置する場合、障害物センサー70と障害物との当たりによって走行機体の行き止まりが発生し、伝動機構34の切換え操作に掛かる負荷が増加して、伝動機構34の切換えがスムーズに行われないことがある。   That is, when an obstacle is detected by the obstacle sensor 70, the transmission mechanism 34 is switched by the transmission switching motor 64 based on the stop control of the stop control unit 9c. However, when the obstacle sensor 70 switched from the non-detection position to the detection position is located at the stroke end, the dead end of the traveling body occurs due to the obstacle sensor 70 hitting the obstacle, and the transmission mechanism 34 is switched. The applied load increases and the transmission mechanism 34 may not be switched smoothly.

これに対し、前部及び後部の障害物センサー70による障害物の検出に伴う伝動機構34の前進伝動状態と後進伝動状態との一方から他方への切換え、及びこの切換え後の中立状態への切換えが、障害物センサー70の緩衝領域Wへの移動によって走行機体の行き止まりが発生しない間に行われ、伝動機構34の切換え操作が軽く行わるように構成してある。   On the other hand, switching from one of the forward transmission state and the reverse transmission state of the transmission mechanism 34 accompanying the detection of the obstacle by the front and rear obstacle sensors 70, and switching to the neutral state after the switching. However, this is performed while the dead end of the traveling machine body does not occur due to the movement of the obstacle sensor 70 to the buffer region W, and the switching operation of the transmission mechanism 34 is performed lightly.

草刈装置4について説明する。
図1,3に示すように、草刈装置4は、機体フレーム12の機体前後方向での中間部位に備えられた刈り刃ハウジング11、及び、刈り刃ハウジング11の内部に機体上下向きの回転軸芯Zまわりに回転駆動されるように設けた刈り刃90を備えている。図4,5に示すように、刈り刃90は、刈り刃支軸97に相対回転不能に支持された平面視で円形の刈り刃ベース90aと、刈り刃ベース90aの周方向での複数個所に揺動可能に支持されたバー形の刈り刃本体90bとを備えている。
The mowing apparatus 4 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the mowing apparatus 4 includes a cutting blade housing 11 provided at an intermediate portion of the body frame 12 in the front-rear direction of the body frame, and a rotary shaft centering vertically on the body inside the cutting blade housing 11. A cutting blade 90 is provided so as to be rotated around Z. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cutting blade 90 has a circular cutting blade base 90 a and a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction of the cutting blade base 90 a in a plan view supported by the cutting blade support shaft 97 so as not to rotate relative to each other. And a bar-shaped cutting blade main body 90b supported so as to be swingable.

刈り刃ハウジング11に、機体フレーム12の前端側部分の下方で機体前方向きに開口した前向きの作業用開口91、及び、機体フレーム12の後端側部分の下方で機体後方向きに開口した後向きの作業用開口92を設けてある。図4,10に示すように、刈り刃ハウジング11の機体右横側の横側壁部93に、機体右横外向きに開口した向きの作業用開口94を設けてある。横向きの作業用開口94は、走行機体のうちのバッテリー8が位置する横端側とは反対の横端側部位に位置している。   The cutting blade housing 11 has a forward working opening 91 opened forward in the forward direction of the airframe below the front end side portion of the airframe frame 12 and a rearward opening opened in the rearward direction of the airframe below the rear end side portion of the airframe frame 12. A working opening 92 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 10, a working opening 94 is provided in the lateral wall portion 93 on the right side of the machine body of the cutting blade housing 11 so as to open outward to the right side of the machine body. The lateral working opening 94 is located at a lateral end side portion of the traveling machine body opposite to the lateral end side where the battery 8 is located.

横向きの作業用開口94は、刈り刃ハウジング11の横端部に支持された蓋体95によって開閉できる。すなわち、蓋体95の上端側に設けた機体前後向きの支軸95aが刈り刃ハウジング11に設けた前後一対の支持部96に相対回転可能に支持されている。蓋体95は、支軸95aの軸芯を機体前後向きの開閉軸芯Qとして機体上方向きに揺動操作されることにより、上昇開き姿勢になって横向きの作業用開口94を開き、開閉軸芯Qまわりに機体下方向きに揺動操作されることにより、下降閉じ姿勢になって右横向きの作業用開口94を閉じる。   The lateral working opening 94 can be opened and closed by a lid 95 supported on the lateral end of the cutting blade housing 11. That is, the longitudinal support shaft 95 a provided on the upper end side of the lid 95 is supported by the pair of front and rear support portions 96 provided on the cutting blade housing 11 so as to be relatively rotatable. The lid body 95 is pivoted upwardly with the axis of the support shaft 95a as the opening / closing axis Q of the front / rear direction of the body, thereby opening the lateral working opening 94 in the ascending open position and opening / closing shaft By swinging downward about the core Q in the downward direction of the machine body, the lowering work posture 94 is closed in the lowered closed posture.

図11に示すように、蓋体95と後輪用の車輪操向操作機構55とを、操作ケーブル101を備えた連係機構100によって連係させてある。   As shown in FIG. 11, the lid body 95 and the wheel steering operation mechanism 55 for the rear wheels are linked by a linkage mechanism 100 including an operation cable 101.

連係機構100は、蓋体95の支軸95aに相対回転不能に支持された揺動自在な操作アーム102、操作アーム102の一端側が連結されたインナーケーブルを有した操作ケーブル101と、インナーケーブルの他端側が連結された揺動リンク103とを備えている。揺動リンク103は、操向操作体53の回転支軸53cに相対回転不能に支持されている。   The linkage mechanism 100 includes a swingable operation arm 102 supported so as not to rotate relative to a support shaft 95a of a cover body 95, an operation cable 101 having an inner cable connected to one end side of the operation arm 102, and an inner cable. And a swing link 103 to which the other end is connected. The swing link 103 is supported on the rotation support shaft 53c of the steering operation body 53 so as not to be relatively rotatable.

左右の後車輪3が直進向きの操向状態から右の後車輪3の後端側を機体外側に出す横向き操向状態に操向操作されると、揺動リンク103が操向操作体53の回動力によって回転支軸53cの軸芯まわりに揺動操作され、操作ケーブル101のインナーケーブルが揺動リンク103によって引き操作されて操作アーム102を開き操作姿勢に揺動操作する。   When the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered from a steered state to a laterally steered state in which the rear end side of the right rear wheel 3 is exposed to the outside of the machine body, the swing link 103 is The rotational force is operated to swing around the axis of the rotation support shaft 53c, and the inner cable of the operation cable 101 is pulled by the swing link 103 to swing the operation arm 102 to the open operation posture.

左右の後車輪3が右の後車輪3の後端側を機体外側に出す横向き操向状態から直進向きの操向状態に操向操作されると、揺動リンク103が操向操作体53の回動力によって回転支軸53cの軸芯まわりに揺動操作され、操作ケーブル101のインナーケーブルが揺動リンク103によって緩め操作されて操作アーム102を閉じ操作姿勢に揺動操作する。   When the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered from a lateral steering state in which the rear end side of the right rear wheel 3 is exposed to the outside of the machine body to a steering state in a straight traveling direction, the swing link 103 is connected to the steering manipulation body 53. The rotating power is operated to swing around the axis of the rotation support shaft 53c, and the inner cable of the operation cable 101 is loosened by the swing link 103 to swing the operation arm 102 to the closed operation posture.

左右の後車輪3が直進向きの操向状態から右の後車輪3の後端側を機体内側に入れる横向き操向状態に操向操作された場合、揺動リンク103が操向操作体53の回動力によって回転支軸53cの軸芯まわりに揺動操作され、操作ケーブル101のインナーケーブルが揺動リンク103によって緩め操作されるが、蓋体95が下降閉じ姿勢になっていてインナーケーブルに弛みが発生するため、操作アーム102が閉じ操作姿勢に維持される。   When the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered from the steered state to the sideward steered state in which the rear end side of the right rear wheel 3 is placed inside the body, the swing link 103 is The rotating power is operated to swing around the axis of the rotation support shaft 53c, and the inner cable of the operation cable 101 is loosened by the swing link 103. However, the lid 95 is in the lowered closed position and is slackened by the inner cable. Therefore, the operation arm 102 is closed and maintained in the operation posture.

従って、左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3が両輪同操向制御モード4DSで右の前車輪2及び右の後車輪3の後端側を機体外側に出す横向き操向状態に操向操作されると、これに連動して蓋体95が開き操作される。左右の前車輪2及び左右の後車輪3が両輪同操向制御モードで直進向きの操向状態、及び、右の前車輪2及び右の後車輪3の後端側を機体内側に入れる横向き操向状態に操向操作されると、これに連動して蓋体95が閉じ操作される。   Therefore, the left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered to a lateral steering state in which the rear end sides of the right front wheel 2 and the right rear wheel 3 are exposed to the outside of the body in the same steering control mode 4DS. Then, the lid body 95 is operated to open in conjunction with this. The left and right front wheels 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3 are steered straight in the same steering control mode for both wheels, and the sideways steering that puts the rear ends of the right front wheel 2 and the right rear wheel 3 inside the body. When the steering operation is performed in the direction, the lid body 95 is closed in conjunction with the steering operation.

従って、草刈装置4は、走行機体が前進走行する場合、処理対象の草を前向きの作業用開口91から刈り刃ハウジング11の内部に導入し、刈り刃90によって切断処理する。この場合、横向きの作業用開口94は、蓋体95によって閉じられている。   Therefore, when the traveling machine body travels forward, the mowing apparatus 4 introduces grass to be processed into the cutting blade housing 11 from the forward working opening 91 and performs cutting processing with the cutting blade 90. In this case, the lateral working opening 94 is closed by the lid 95.

草刈装置4は、走行機体が後進走行する場合、処理対象の草を後向きの作業用開口92から刈り刃ハウジング11の内部に導入し、刈り刃90によって切断処理する。この場合、横向きの作業用開口94は、蓋体95によって閉じられている。   When the traveling machine body travels backward, the grass cutting device 4 introduces the grass to be processed into the cutting blade housing 11 from the work opening 92 facing backward, and cuts the grass with the cutting blade 90. In this case, the lateral working opening 94 is closed by the lid 95.

草刈装置4は、前車輪2及び後車輪3が両輪同操向制御モード4DSによって右の前車輪2及び右の後車輪3の後端側を機体外側に出す横向き操向状態に操向操作され、走行機体が右横向きに走行する場合、横向きの作業用開口94が連係機構100によって自動的に開き操作され、処理対象の草を横向きの作業用開口94から刈り刃ハウジング11の内部に導入し、刈り刃90によって切断処理する。このように処理対象の草を横向きの作業用開口94から刈り刃ハウジング11に導入する草刈り作業を行なう際の走行機体の走行が、横向きの作業用開口94を傾斜地の低レベル側に位置させた走行であっても、横向きの作業用開口94が位置する機体横端側とは反対の機体横端側にバッテリー8が位置し、走行機体のうちの傾斜地の高レベル側に位置する横端側に荷重を掛けるウエイト機能をバッテリー8に発揮させ、作業用開口側を揺動支点にした走行機体の横揺れを抑制できる。   The mowing device 4 is steered to a lateral steering state in which the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are placed in the lateral steering state in which the rear ends of the right front wheel 2 and the right rear wheel 3 are exposed to the outside of the body by the same steering control mode 4DS. When the traveling machine body travels to the right side, the lateral working opening 94 is automatically opened by the linkage mechanism 100, and the grass to be treated is introduced into the cutting blade housing 11 from the lateral working opening 94. The cutting process is performed by the cutting blade 90. In this way, the traveling of the traveling machine body during the mowing work for introducing the grass to be treated into the mowing blade housing 11 from the lateral work opening 94 places the lateral work opening 94 on the low level side of the slope. Even when traveling, the battery 8 is positioned on the side of the airframe opposite to the side of the airframe where the lateral working opening 94 is located, and the side of the side of the traveling airframe located on the high level side of the inclined ground. The weight function of applying a load to the battery 8 can be exerted on the battery 8 to suppress the roll of the traveling machine body having the work opening side as a swing fulcrum.

図15は、走行機体の移動方法を示す説明図である。図15では、走行機体の移動を理解し易くするために、作業済みの作業走行域A1と次の作業走行域A2との間隔を草刈装置4の刈り幅Dに比して広く記載してあるが、実際に作業を行なう場合、作業済みの作業走行域A1と次の作業走行域A2との間に刈り残りが生じないように、作業済みの作業走行域A1と次の作業走行域A2との中心間隔を刈り幅Dとほぼ同じにする。   FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a method of moving the traveling machine body. In FIG. 15, in order to make it easier to understand the movement of the traveling machine body, the distance between the completed work travel area A <b> 1 and the next work travel area A <b> 2 is described wider than the cutting width D of the mowing device 4. However, when the work is actually performed, the finished work travel area A1 and the next work travel area A2 are not caused between the finished work travel area A1 and the next work travel area A2. Is made substantially the same as the cutting width D.

すなわち、走行機体が作業走行域A1の終点に到達すると、前車輪2及び後車輪3を両輪同操向制御モード4DSで横外向きの操向状態に操向操作し、横向きの作業用開口94が進行方向を向く状態で走行機体を次の作業走行域A2へ横向き走行させる。このとき、前車輪2及び後車輪3の両輪同操向制御モード4DSでの横向きの操向状態への操向操作のために連係機構100が蓋体95を開き操作するので、草を横向きの作業用開口94から刈り刃ハウジング11に導入でき、移動経路に位置する草の刈取り処理をできる。走行機体が次の作業走行域A2に到達すると、前車輪2及び後車輪3を次の作業走行域A2における走行方向に沿った操向状態に操向操作し、走行機体を次の作業走行域A2において、作業済みの作業走行域A1における走行方向とは逆向きの走行方向に走行させる。   That is, when the traveling machine body reaches the end point of the work traveling area A1, the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are steered to the laterally outward steering state in the two-wheel steering control mode 4DS, and the lateral work opening 94 is operated. The traveling machine body is caused to travel sideways to the next work traveling area A2 in a state where the direction of travel is directed. At this time, since the linkage mechanism 100 opens the lid body 95 to steer the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 to the steering state in the horizontal direction in the same steering control mode 4DS for both wheels, It can be introduced into the cutting blade housing 11 from the working opening 94, and the grass cutting process located in the movement path can be performed. When the traveling machine body reaches the next work traveling area A2, the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are steered to the steering state along the traveling direction in the next work traveling area A2, and the traveling machine body is moved to the next working traveling area. In A2, the vehicle travels in a travel direction opposite to the travel direction in the work travel area A1 that has been completed.

草刈装置4の駆動構造について説明する。
図4,14に示すように、刈り刃90を下端部で相対回転不能に支持する機体上下向きの刈り刃支軸97がミッションケース15の筒状の刈り刃支持部15aに相対回転するように支持されている。刈り刃支軸97は、減速ミッション部32の中間伝動軸32dの下方に同軸芯状に位置している。刈り刃支軸97と中間伝動軸32dとにわたって刈り刃クラッチ98を設けてある。
The drive structure of the mowing apparatus 4 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 14, the machine body vertical cutting blade support shaft 97 that supports the cutting blade 90 at the lower end portion so as not to rotate relatively is rotated relative to the cylindrical cutting blade support portion 15 a of the transmission case 15. It is supported. The cutting blade support shaft 97 is coaxially positioned below the intermediate transmission shaft 32d of the speed reduction transmission section 32. A cutting blade clutch 98 is provided across the cutting blade support shaft 97 and the intermediate transmission shaft 32d.

刈り刃クラッチ98が入り状態に切換え操作されることにより、刈り刃支軸97と中間伝動軸32dとが相対回転不能に連結され、刈り刃支軸97が中間伝動軸32dによって駆動され、刈り刃90が刈り刃支軸97の軸芯を回転軸芯Zとして刈り刃支軸97によって回転駆動される。   When the cutting blade clutch 98 is switched to the engaged state, the cutting blade support shaft 97 and the intermediate transmission shaft 32d are connected so as not to rotate relative to each other, and the cutting blade support shaft 97 is driven by the intermediate transmission shaft 32d. 90 is rotationally driven by the cutting blade support shaft 97 with the axis of the cutting blade support shaft 97 as the rotation axis Z.

刈り刃クラッチ98が切り状態に切換え操作されることにより、刈り刃支軸97と中間伝動軸32dとの連結が解除され、刈り刃支軸97への伝動が絶たれて刈り刃90が停止する。   When the cutting blade clutch 98 is switched to the cut state, the connection between the cutting blade support shaft 97 and the intermediate transmission shaft 32d is released, the transmission to the cutting blade support shaft 97 is cut off, and the cutting blade 90 stops. .

刈り刃クラッチ98の入り状態と切り状態との切換え操作は、バッテリー8の前方に設けたクラッチレバー98a(図1,2参照)の揺動操作によって行なうように構成してある。クラッチレバー98aは、刈り刃クラッチ98の操作部に対して操作ケーブルを介して連動連結してある。   The switching operation between the engaged state and the disconnected state of the cutting blade clutch 98 is configured to be performed by a swinging operation of a clutch lever 98a (see FIGS. 1 and 2) provided in front of the battery 8. The clutch lever 98a is interlocked and connected to the operation portion of the cutting blade clutch 98 via an operation cable.

〔別実施例〕
(1)図18は、別の実施構造を備えた作業機の前部を示す側面図である。
図18に示すように、別の実施構造を備えた作業機では、走行機体の前部にバンパー110を設けてある。前部のバンパー110は、前輪用の支持フレーム13から機体前方向きに延出したステー111に支持され、前部の障害物センサー70よりも下方に、かつ、前向きの作業用開口91の機体前方に位置している。
[Another Example]
(1) FIG. 18 is a side view showing a front portion of a working machine having another implementation structure.
As shown in FIG. 18, in a working machine having another implementation structure, a bumper 110 is provided at the front of the traveling machine body. The front bumper 110 is supported by a stay 111 extending from the front wheel support frame 13 toward the front of the machine body. The front bumper 110 is located below the front obstacle sensor 70 and forward of the front work opening 91. Is located.

別の実施構造を備えた作業機の走行機体の後部の図示を省略するが、走行機体の後部にも、後部の障害物センサー70よりも下方に配置し、かつ後向きの作業用開口92よりも機体後方に配置したバンパーを設けてある。後部のバンパーは、後輪用の支持フレーム13から機体後方向きに延出したステー111に支持されている。   Although the illustration of the rear part of the traveling machine body of the working machine having another implementation structure is omitted, the rear part of the traveling machine body is also disposed below the obstacle sensor 70 at the rear part and more than the rear working opening 92. A bumper is provided at the rear of the aircraft. The rear bumper is supported by a stay 111 extending rearward from the rear wheel support frame 13.

処理対象の草がバンパー110によって走行機体の進行方向前方に押し操作され、処理対象の草を立ち姿勢や進行方向前方向きの傾斜姿勢になった状態で刈り刃ハウジング11の内部に導入することができ、刈り刃90による切断ミスなどの切断不良を回避や抑制できる。また、障害物センサー70よりも低い箇所に位置し、障害物センサー70による検出ができない土塊などがあれば、バンパー110が障害物の押し退けや押し崩しを行ない、障害物の刈り刃ハウジング11への入り込みを回避や抑制できる。   The grass to be treated is pushed forward by the bumper 110 in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, and the grass to be treated is introduced into the cutting blade housing 11 in a standing posture or an inclined posture forward in the traveling direction. It is possible to avoid or suppress cutting failures such as cutting mistakes by the cutting blade 90. Further, if there is a clot or the like that is located lower than the obstacle sensor 70 and cannot be detected by the obstacle sensor 70, the bumper 110 pushes away or crushes the obstacle, and the obstacle is cut into the cutting blade housing 11. Intrusion can be avoided or suppressed.

(2)上記した実施例では、前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56として電動モータを採用した例を示したが、電動モータに替え、油圧シリンダ等の各種のアクチュエータを採用して実施してもよい。 (2) In the above-described embodiment, an example in which an electric motor is employed as the front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 has been described. However, various electric actuators such as a hydraulic cylinder are employed instead of the electric motor. May be.

(3)上記した実施例では、前輪操向制御モード及び後輪操向制御モードにおける前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56の制御を一つの2輪操向操作具60によって行なうよう構成した例を示したが、前輪操向制御モードで前輪操向アクチュエータ54の制御を行なう前輪操向用の操向操作具と、後輪操向制御モードで後輪操向アクチュエータ56の制御を行う後輪操向用の操向操作具とを別々に設けて実施してもよい。 (3) In the above-described embodiment, the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 controls the front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 in the front wheel steering control mode and the rear wheel steering control mode. In this example, the front wheel steering actuator 54 for controlling the front wheel steering actuator 54 in the front wheel steering control mode and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 in the rear wheel steering control mode are controlled. A steering operation tool for rear wheel steering may be provided separately.

(4)上記した実施例では、前輪操向制御モードにおいて2輪操向操作具60を操作する操作経路K1と、後輪操向制御モードにおいて2輪操向操作具60を操作する操作経路K2とを別の操作経路に設定した例を示したが、前輪操向制御モード及び後輪操向制御モードを選択する選択手段を設け、前輪操向制御モードにおいて2輪操向操作具60を操作する操作経路と、後輪操向制御モードにおいて2輪操向操作具60を操作する操作経路とを同じ操作経路に設定して実施しても良い。 (4) In the above-described embodiment, the operation path K1 for operating the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 in the front wheel steering control mode, and the operation path K2 for operating the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 in the rear wheel steering control mode. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the selection means for selecting the front wheel steering control mode and the rear wheel steering control mode is provided, and the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 is operated in the front wheel steering control mode. The operation route to be operated and the operation route to operate the two-wheel steering operation tool 60 in the rear wheel steering control mode may be set to the same operation route.

(5)上記した実施例では、両輪同操向制御モード及び両輪逆操向制御モードにおける前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56の制御を一つの4輪操向操作具61によって行なうよう構成した例を示したが、両輪同操向制御モードで前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56の制御を行う両輪同操向操作の操向操作具と、両輪逆操向制御モードで前輪操向アクチュエータ54及び後輪操向アクチュエータ56の制御を行う両輪逆操向操作の操向操作具とを別々に設けて実施してもよい。 (5) In the above-described embodiment, the front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 are controlled by the single four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel same steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode. In the configuration example, the steering operation tool for the two-wheel steering operation for controlling the front-wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear-wheel steering actuator 56 in the two-wheel steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode are shown. A steering operation tool for both-wheels reverse steering operation for controlling the front wheel steering actuator 54 and the rear wheel steering actuator 56 may be provided separately.

(6)両輪同操向制御モードにおいて4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路K3と、両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路K3とを同じ操作経路に設定した例を示したが、両輪同操向制御モードにおいて4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路と、両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて4輪操向操作具61を操作するための操作経路とを別の操作経路に設定して実施してもよい。 (6) An operation path K3 for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel steering control mode, and an operation path K3 for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode. Is set to the same operation route, but the operation route for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool 61 in the two-wheel steering control mode and the four-wheel steering operation device 61 in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode are shown. The operation route for operating may be set as a different operation route.

(7)上記した実施例では、作業機を無線信号によって遠隔操作するように構成した例を示したが、有線信号によって遠隔操作するように構成して実施してもよい。 (7) In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the work machine is configured to be remotely operated by a wireless signal. However, the work machine may be configured to be remotely operated by a wired signal.

(8)上記した実施例では、作業機を遠隔操作するよう構成した例を示したが、作業機に搭乗型の運転部を設け、運転部に設けたステアリングホィール及び操向レバーなどの操向操作具によって前輪操向アクチュエータ及び後輪操向アクチュエータを制御するように構成して実施してもよい。 (8) In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the work machine is configured to be remotely operated. However, the board is provided with a riding-type driving unit, and steering wheels, steering levers, and the like provided in the driving unit are operated. The configuration may be implemented such that the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator are controlled by the operation tool.

(9)上記した実施例では、前車輪1、後車輪2及び草刈装置4をエンジン5によって駆動するよう構成した例を示したが、エンジン5に替えて電動モータを原動機として実施してもよい。 (9) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the front wheel 1, the rear wheel 2, and the mowing device 4 are driven by the engine 5 has been described, but an electric motor may be used as a prime mover instead of the engine 5. .

本発明は、草刈装置4を備えた作業機の他、薬剤や肥料の散布装置など各種の作業装置を備えた作業機に利用可能である。   The present invention can be used for a working machine provided with various working devices such as a medicine or fertilizer spraying device in addition to the working machine provided with the mowing device 4.

2 前車輪
3 後車輪
10 操向操作装置
54 前輪操向アクチュエータ
56 後輪操向アクチュエータ
60 2輪操向操作具
61 4輪操向操作具
62 モード選択操作具
K1 操作経路(前輪操向用)
K2 操作経路(後輪操向用)
K3 操作経路(前後輪操作用)
2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 10 Steering operation device 54 Front wheel steering actuator 56 Rear wheel steering actuator 60 Two wheel steering operation tool 61 Four wheel steering operation tool 62 Mode selection operation tool K1 Operation path (for front wheel steering)
K2 operation route (for rear wheel steering)
K3 operation path (for front and rear wheel operation)

Claims (6)

左右一対の前車輪及び左右一対の後車輪によって自走する走行機体と、
前記左右一対の前車輪を操向操作する前輪操向アクチュエータと、
前記左右一対の後車輪を操向操作する後輪操向アクチュエータと、
前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御することによって前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を操向操作する操向操作装置とを備え、
前記左右一対の前車輪のみを操向操作させる前輪操向制御モード、前記左右一対の後車輪のみを操向操作させる後輪操向制御モード、前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を同操向方向に操向操作させる両輪同操向制御モード、及び前記左右一対の前車輪及び前記左右一対の後車輪を逆操向方向に操向操作させる両輪逆操向制御モードのそれぞれにおいて、前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御できるように構成されている作業機。
A traveling body that self-propels by a pair of left and right front wheels and a pair of left and right rear wheels;
A front wheel steering actuator for steering the left and right pair of front wheels;
A rear wheel steering actuator for steering the left and right rear wheels;
A steering operation device for steering the left and right pair of front wheels and the left and right pair of rear wheels by controlling the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator;
Front wheel steering control mode for steering only the pair of left and right front wheels, rear wheel steering control mode for steering only the pair of left and right rear wheels, the pair of left and right front wheels and the pair of left and right rear wheels In the two-wheel steering control mode for steering the two wheels in the same steering direction, and in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode for steering the left and right pair of front wheels and the pair of left and right rear wheels in the reverse steering direction. A working machine configured to control the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator.
前記操向操作装置は、前記前輪操向制御モード及び前記後輪操向制御モードにおいて前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御する一つの2輪操向操作具、及び、前記両輪同操向制御モード及び前記両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを制御する一つの4輪操向操作具を備えている請求項1に記載の作業機。   The steering operation device includes a two-wheel steering operation tool that controls the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator in the front wheel steering control mode and the rear wheel steering control mode, and the both wheels. The work machine according to claim 1, further comprising one four-wheel steering operation tool that controls the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator in the steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode. 前記前輪操向制御モードにおいて前記2輪操向操作具を操作する為の前輪操向用の操作経路と、前記後輪操向制御モードにおいて前記2輪操向操作具を操作する為の後輪操向用の操作経路とを別の操作経路に設定してある請求項2に記載の作業機。   An operation path for front wheel steering for operating the two-wheel steering operating tool in the front wheel steering control mode, and a rear wheel for operating the two-wheel steering operating tool in the rear wheel steering control mode The work machine according to claim 2, wherein the operation route for steering is set to a different operation route. 前記2輪操向操作具が前記前輪操向用の操作経路に位置されることによって、前記前輪操向制御モードが現出され、前記2輪操向操作具が前記後輪操向用の操作経路に位置されることによって、前記後輪操向制御モードが現出されるように構成されている請求項3に記載の作業機。   When the two-wheel steering operation tool is positioned on the operation path for the front wheel steering, the front wheel steering control mode appears, and the two-wheel steering operation tool is operated for the rear wheel steering. The work machine according to claim 3, wherein the rear wheel steering control mode is displayed by being positioned on a route. 前記操向操作装置は、前記両輪同操向制御モード及び前記両輪逆操向制御モードを現出させるモード選択操作具を備え、
前記両輪同操向制御モードにおいて前記4輪操向操作具を操作するための操作経路と、前記両輪逆操向制御モードにおいて前記4輪操向操作具を操作するための操作経路とを同じ操作経路に設定してある請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の作業機。
The steering operation device includes a mode selection operation tool that causes the two-wheel same steering control mode and the two-wheel reverse steering control mode to appear.
An operation path for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool in the two-wheel steering control mode is the same as an operation path for operating the four-wheel steering operation tool in the two-wheel reverse steering control mode. The work machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the work machine is set to a route.
前記操向操作装置によって前記前輪操向アクチュエータ及び前記後輪操向アクチュエータを遠隔操作するよう構成されている請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の作業機。   The work implement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steering operation device is configured to remotely control the front wheel steering actuator and the rear wheel steering actuator.
JP2014046674A 2014-03-10 2014-03-10 Work machine Pending JP2015168395A (en)

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US10259498B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2019-04-16 Husqvarna Ab All wheel drive robotic vehicle with steering brake
US10858041B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2020-12-08 Husqvarna Ab All wheel drive robotic vehicle with steering brake
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WO2018117190A1 (en) 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 株式会社クボタ Work machine
JP2018103640A (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-07-05 株式会社クボタ Work machine
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