JP2015167998A - Laser welding method and laser welding device - Google Patents
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本発明は、レーザー溶接方法、およびレーザー溶接装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a laser welding method and a laser welding apparatus.
自動車の車体や構造体を組み立てるときには、通常、鋼板を所望の形状にプレス成形した金属部材を形成し、その後、複数の金属部材の一部を重ね合わせた部分にレーザー光を照射して溶接接合している（特許文献１参照。）。自動車用の金属部材には、母材よりも融点の低い被覆材によって母材が被覆されたメッキ鋼板から形成したものがある。メッキ鋼板として、例えば、耐食性に優れた亜鉛を主成分とする被覆材によって母材が被覆された亜鉛メッキ鋼板がある。 When assembling a car body or a structure of an automobile, a metal member is usually formed by pressing a steel plate into a desired shape, and then a laser beam is irradiated to a portion where a plurality of metal members are overlapped and welded. (See Patent Document 1). Some metal members for automobiles are formed from a plated steel plate in which a base material is coated with a coating material having a melting point lower than that of the base material. As the plated steel sheet, for example, there is a galvanized steel sheet in which a base material is coated with a coating material mainly composed of zinc having excellent corrosion resistance.
特許文献１に記載された技術にあっては、本溶接工程におけるレーザー光の照射範囲の外周部に本溶接工程よりも照射深さが浅いレーザー光を照射する補熱工程を設けている。これにより、溶接部における金属溶融量を増加させてレーザー溶接による溶接不良の発生を抑制している。 In the technique described in Patent Document 1, an auxiliary heating step of irradiating a laser beam having an irradiation depth shallower than that of the main welding step is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the laser beam irradiation range in the main welding step. Thereby, the amount of metal melting in the welded portion is increased to suppress the occurrence of poor welding due to laser welding.
亜鉛メッキ鋼板などのメッキ鋼板から形成した金属部材を溶接する場合において、金属部材同士の間に隙間が殆ど無いときには、レーザー光の照射によって発生した亜鉛ガスなどの被覆材蒸気が抜け難くなる。このため、ブローホールが発生して良好な溶接部を得ることが困難になる。 When welding a metal member formed from a galvanized steel plate such as a galvanized steel plate, when there is almost no gap between the metal members, it is difficult for the coating material vapor such as zinc gas generated by the irradiation of laser light to escape. For this reason, blow holes are generated, making it difficult to obtain a good weld.
本発明は、上記問題を解決するためになされたものであり、ブローホールの発生を抑制して良好な溶接部を得ることが可能なレーザー溶接方法、およびレーザー溶接装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method and a laser welding apparatus capable of obtaining a good weld by suppressing the occurrence of blowholes. To do.
上記目的を達成する本発明のレーザー溶接方法は、複数の金属部材を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光を照射して複数の前記金属部材同士を溶接するレーザー溶接方法であって、複数の前記金属部材のうち少なくとも１つの前記金属部材は母材よりも融点の低い被覆材によって前記母材が被覆されたメッキ鋼板から形成される。前処理工程において、複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持して、一の前記金属部材にレーザー光を照射して通過させ、通過させた前記レーザー光をさらに他の前記金属部材に照射して一の前記金属部材に向かって盛り上がる突起部を生成する。本溶接工程において、前記突起部を生成した他の前記金属部材を、前記突起部を介在させて、一の前記金属部材と重ね合わせた状態にし、複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光を照射して複数の前記金属部材同士を本溶接する。 The laser welding method of the present invention that achieves the above object is a laser welding method in which a plurality of metal members are welded to each other by irradiating a laser beam onto a portion where a plurality of metal members are overlapped. At least one of the metal members is formed of a plated steel plate in which the base material is coated with a coating material having a melting point lower than that of the base material. In the pretreatment step, a plurality of the metal members are held in a combined state with a space opened, and the one metal member is irradiated with a laser beam, and the laser beam passed therethrough is further passed through the other metal member. Irradiation to the metal member generates a protrusion that rises toward the one metal member. In the main welding process, the other metal member that has generated the protrusion is overlapped with the one metal member with the protrusion interposed therebetween, and a laser is applied to a portion where the plurality of metal members are overlapped. A plurality of the metal members are welded together by irradiating light.
上記目的を達成する本発明のレーザー溶接装置は、複数の金属部材を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光を照射して複数の前記金属部材同士を溶接するレーザー溶接装置であって、複数の前記金属部材のうち少なくとも１つの前記金属部材は母材よりも融点の低い被覆材によって前記母材が被覆されたメッキ鋼板から形成される。レーザー溶接装置は、複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置と、複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置とに移動自在な治具部と、レーザー光を照射するレーザー照射部と、前記治具部および前記レーザー照射部の作動を制御する制御部と、を有している。前記制御部は、前記治具部を前記第１位置に移動させ、複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持し、前記レーザー照射部が空間を隔てて隣り合う前記金属部材において一の前記金属部材に対してレーザー光を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光を他の前記金属部材に対して照射して一の前記金属部材に向かって盛り上がる突起部を生成させ、前記治具部を前記第１位置から前記第２位置に移動させ、前記突起部を介在させて複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた状態にし、前記レーザー照射部から前記レーザー光を照射して本溶接するように制御する。 The laser welding apparatus of the present invention that achieves the above-described object is a laser welding apparatus that welds a plurality of metal members by irradiating a laser beam onto a portion where a plurality of metal members are overlapped, and the plurality of metal members At least one of the metal members is formed of a plated steel plate in which the base material is coated with a coating material having a melting point lower than that of the base material. The laser welding apparatus has a jig part that is movable between a first position that holds a plurality of the metal members in a combined state with an open space, and a second position that overlaps the plurality of metal members. And a laser irradiation unit that irradiates laser light, and a control unit that controls operations of the jig unit and the laser irradiation unit. The control unit moves the jig unit to the first position, holds a plurality of the metal members in a state of being opened and combined, and the laser irradiation unit is adjacent to the metal member with a space therebetween. In one metal member is irradiated with a laser beam to pass, the other laser beam is irradiated to the other metal member to generate a protrusion that rises toward the one metal member, The jig part is moved from the first position to the second position, a plurality of the metal members are overlapped with the protrusions interposed therebetween, and the laser beam is irradiated from the laser irradiation part. Control to weld.
本発明のレーザー溶接方法によれば、本溶接工程において、重ね合わせた金属部材同士の間には、突起部が挟まることによって隙間を確保できる。この隙間を通って、本溶接時のレーザー光の照射によって発生する被覆材蒸気が逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。また、前処理工程においては、複数の金属部材同士の間に空間を開けているので、突起部を確実に生成することができる。したがって、本溶接工程においては、複数の金属部材同士をすでに組み合わせている前処理工程における状態から重ね合わせた状態に移行させることから、突起部を生成した後、複数の金属部材同士を重ね合わせるまでの作業を迅速に行うことができる。その結果、レーザー溶接作業に要する一連の時間を短縮することができる。 According to the laser welding method of the present invention, in the main welding process, a gap can be secured by sandwiching the protruding portion between the metal members that are overlapped. Through this gap, the coating material vapor generated by the laser beam irradiation during the main welding is released. As a result, generation of blowholes can be suppressed and a good weld can be obtained. Moreover, in the pretreatment process, since the space is opened between the plurality of metal members, the protrusion can be reliably generated. Therefore, in the main welding process, from the transition from the state in the pretreatment process in which a plurality of metal members have already been combined to the overlapped state, after generating the protrusions, the plurality of metal members are overlapped. Can be done quickly. As a result, a series of time required for the laser welding operation can be shortened.
本発明のレーザー溶接装置によれば、重ね合わせた金属部材同士の間には、突起部が挟まることによって隙間を確保できる。この隙間を通って、本溶接時のレーザー光の照射によって発生する被覆材蒸気が逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。治具部は、第１位置では、金属部材同士の間に空間を開けているので、突起部を確実に生成することができる。治具部が第１位置から第２位置に移動することによって、突起部を生成した後、第１と第２の金属部材を重ね合わせるまでの作業を迅速に行うことができる。その結果、レーザー溶接作業に要する一連の時間を短縮することができる。 According to the laser welding apparatus of the present invention, a gap can be secured between the stacked metal members by sandwiching the protrusions. Through this gap, the coating material vapor generated by the laser beam irradiation during the main welding is released. As a result, generation of blowholes can be suppressed and a good weld can be obtained. Since the jig portion has a space between the metal members at the first position, the protrusion can be reliably generated. By moving the jig portion from the first position to the second position, after the projection portion is generated, the operation until the first and second metal members are overlapped can be quickly performed. As a result, a series of time required for the laser welding operation can be shortened.
以下、添付した図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態を説明する。なお、図面の説明において同一の要素には同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略する。図面の寸法比率は、説明の都合上誇張されており、実際の比率とは異なる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. The dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation, and are different from the actual ratios.
図１（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）は、本実施形態に係るレーザー溶接装置１０の前処理工程の状態を示す概略構成図であり、図１（Ｃ）は、図１（Ｂ）の突起部２３を含む部分拡大図を示している。図２は、本実施形態に係るレーザー溶接装置１０の本溶接工程の状態を示す概略構成図である。 1A, 1B, and 1C are schematic configuration diagrams showing a state of a pretreatment process of the laser welding apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 1C is a projection of FIG. 1B. The partial enlarged view containing the part 23 is shown. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a state of the main welding process of the laser welding apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
図１および図２を参照して、レーザー溶接装置１０は、複数の金属部材を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光５１を照射して複数の金属部材同士を溶接して溶接部材１００を製造する。複数の金属部材のうち少なくとも１つの金属部材は、母材よりも融点の低い被覆材によって母材が被覆されたメッキ鋼板から形成されている。メッキ鋼板は、自動車用の金属部材において多用されている、例えば、耐食性に優れた亜鉛を主成分とする被覆材によって母材が被覆された亜鉛メッキ鋼板を例示できる。 Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, laser welding apparatus 10 manufactures welded member 100 by irradiating a plurality of metal members to each other by irradiating laser beam 51 onto a portion where the plurality of metal members are overlapped. At least one metal member among the plurality of metal members is formed of a plated steel plate in which the base material is coated with a coating material having a melting point lower than that of the base material. As the plated steel sheet, a galvanized steel sheet whose base material is coated with a coating material mainly composed of zinc, which is excellent in corrosion resistance, is frequently used in metal members for automobiles.
レーザー溶接装置１０は、概説すれば、第１と第２の金属部材（複数の金属部材に相当する）２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置（図１（Ａ）（Ｂ））と、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置（図２）とに移動自在な治具部４０と、レーザー光５１を照射するレーザー照射部５０と、治具部４０およびレーザー照射部５０の作動を制御する制御部６０と、を有している。制御部６０は、治具部４０を第１位置に移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持するように制御する。次いで、制御部６０は、治具部４０を第１位置に移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持し、レーザー照射部５０が空間を隔てて隣り合う第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２において第１の金属部材２１（一の金属部材に相当する）に対してレーザー光５１を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光５１を第２の金属部材２２（他の金属部材に相当する）に対して照射して第１の金属部材２１に向かって盛り上がる突起部２３を生成させるように制御する（図１（Ａ）（Ｂ））。次いで、制御部６０は、治具部４０を第１位置から第２位置に移動させ、突起部２３を介在させて第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にするように制御する。次いで、制御部６０は、レーザー照射部５０からレーザー光５１を照射して本溶接するように制御する（図２）。以下、詳述する。 In brief, the laser welding apparatus 10 has a first position for holding the first and second metal members (corresponding to a plurality of metal members) 21 and 22 in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined (FIG. 1 ( A) (B)) and a jig part 40 movable to a second position (FIG. 2) in which the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped with each other, and a laser beam 51 are irradiated. The laser irradiation part 50 and the control part 60 which controls the action | operation of the jig | tool part 40 and the laser irradiation part 50 are provided. The controller 60 controls the jig 40 to move to the first position and hold the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined. Next, the control unit 60 moves the jig unit 40 to the first position, holds the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined, and the laser irradiation unit 50 is in the space. The first and second metal members 21 and 22 that are adjacent to each other with the first metal member 21 (corresponding to one metal member) are irradiated with the laser beam 51 and allowed to pass therethrough. 51 is applied to the second metal member 22 (corresponding to another metal member) to control to generate a protrusion 23 that rises toward the first metal member 21 (FIG. 1A). B)). Next, the control unit 60 moves the jig unit 40 from the first position to the second position so that the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped with the protrusion 23 interposed therebetween. Control. Next, the control unit 60 controls to perform main welding by irradiating the laser beam 51 from the laser irradiation unit 50 (FIG. 2). Details will be described below.
図１および図２は、上下に配置された２枚の第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を溶接する部位を示している。下方側の第２の金属部材２２は図示しない溶接ダイの上に載置されている。 FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a portion where two first and second metal members 21 and 22 arranged on the top and bottom are welded. The second metal member 22 on the lower side is placed on a welding die (not shown).
第１の金属部材２１は、レーザー照射部５０からのレーザー光５１が表面２１ａに照射されると、レーザー光５１の熱により溶融して溶融部２１ｃを生成する。その後、第１の金属部材２１は、レーザー照射部５０からのレーザー光５１がさらに溶融部２１ｃに照射されると、裏面２１ｂからレーザー光５１を通過させる。このとき、レーザー照射部５０は、第１の金属部材２１に対し、溶融部２１ｃが生成するまでレーザー光５１を照射する。 When the surface 21 a is irradiated with the laser beam 51 from the laser irradiation unit 50, the first metal member 21 is melted by the heat of the laser beam 51 to generate the melting unit 21 c. Thereafter, when the laser beam 51 from the laser irradiation unit 50 is further irradiated to the melting portion 21c, the first metal member 21 allows the laser beam 51 to pass through the back surface 21b. At this time, the laser irradiation unit 50 irradiates the first metal member 21 with the laser light 51 until the melting part 21c is generated.
第２の金属部材２２は、レーザー照射部５０からのレーザー光５１が第１の金属部材２１の溶融部２１ｃを通過して表面２２ａに照射されると、レーザー光５１の熱により溶融し突起部２３を生成する。このとき、レーザー照射部５０は、第２の金属部材２２に対し、表面２２ａに突起部２３が生成するまでレーザー光５１を照射する。 When the laser beam 51 from the laser irradiation unit 50 passes through the melting part 21c of the first metal member 21 and is irradiated onto the surface 22a, the second metal member 22 is melted by the heat of the laser beam 51 and is projected. 23 is generated. At this time, the laser irradiation unit 50 irradiates the second metal member 22 with the laser beam 51 until the protrusion 23 is generated on the surface 22a.
治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に挿入自在な爪部材４１と、爪部材４１を第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に対して進退移動する駆動部材４２とを有している。爪部材４１は、挿入側の端面をテーパ形状に形成している。駆動部材４２は、エアシリンダーなどから構成する。図１（Ａ）に示すように、駆動部材４２によって爪部材４１を前進移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に挿入する。治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する。図１（Ｂ）に示すように、駆動部材４２によって爪部材４１を後退移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間から引き抜く。治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する。 The jig portion 40 includes a claw member 41 that can be freely inserted between the first and second metal members 21 and 22, and the claw member 41 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. And a drive member 42 that moves forward and backward. The claw member 41 has an end surface on the insertion side formed in a tapered shape. The drive member 42 is composed of an air cylinder or the like. As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the claw member 41 is moved forward by the drive member 42 and inserted between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The jig part 40 moves to a first position that holds the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the claw member 41 is moved backward by the driving member 42 and pulled out from between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The jig 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are superposed.
第１の金属部材２１の上方にレーザー照射部５０が配置されている。レーザー照射部５０は、公知のレーザー照射装置から構成する。レーザー照射部５０は、第１の金属部材２１の表面２１ａにレーザー光５１を照射する。レーザー照射部５０は、揺動自在なミラーを備え、直線形状、曲線形状、円形状、あるいは円弧形状などの任意の軌跡に沿ってレーザー光５１を走査することができる。走査することなく点状にもレーザー光５１を照射することができる。レーザー照射部５０は、レーザー出力、走査速度、およびスポット径の拡大縮小など、溶接対象物への入熱量の調整も自由にできる。 A laser irradiation unit 50 is disposed above the first metal member 21. The laser irradiation part 50 is comprised from a well-known laser irradiation apparatus. The laser irradiation unit 50 irradiates the surface 21 a of the first metal member 21 with laser light 51. The laser irradiation unit 50 includes a swingable mirror and can scan the laser beam 51 along an arbitrary locus such as a linear shape, a curved shape, a circular shape, or an arc shape. It is possible to irradiate the laser beam 51 in a dot shape without scanning. The laser irradiation unit 50 can freely adjust the amount of heat input to the object to be welded, such as laser output, scanning speed, and enlargement / reduction of the spot diameter.
レーザー溶接装置１０は、複数（図示例では２個）のクランプ部材７０を、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２の面方向に離間して配置している。クランプ部材７０は、本溶接時に第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２をクランプする。クランプ部材７０は、適宜の構成を採用できる。図示例のクランプ部材７０は、第１の金属部材２１の上方に配置された上方押え部７１と、第２の金属部材２２の下方に配置された下方押え部７２とを有している。２つの上方押え部７１は上方クランプアーム７３に取り付けられ、２つの下方押え部７２は下方クランプアーム７４に取り付けられている。上方押え部７１および上方クランプアーム７３は、レーザー光５１の走査範囲の外側に配置されている。上方クランプアーム７３および下方クランプアーム７４は、図示しない例えば油圧シリンダーなどの流体圧シリンダーによって駆動される。流体圧シリンダーによって、上方クランプアーム７３を第１の金属部材２１に向けて移動し、下方クランプアーム７４を第２の金属部材２２に向けて移動する。上方押え部７１および下方押え部７２は第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を挟持してクランプする。 In the laser welding apparatus 10, a plurality (two in the illustrated example) of clamp members 70 are arranged apart from each other in the surface direction of the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The clamp member 70 clamps the first and second metal members 21 and 22 during the main welding. The clamp member 70 can employ an appropriate configuration. The clamp member 70 in the illustrated example has an upper presser portion 71 disposed above the first metal member 21 and a lower presser portion 72 disposed below the second metal member 22. The two upper presser portions 71 are attached to the upper clamp arm 73, and the two lower presser portions 72 are attached to the lower clamp arm 74. The upper pressing portion 71 and the upper clamp arm 73 are disposed outside the scanning range of the laser beam 51. The upper clamp arm 73 and the lower clamp arm 74 are driven by a fluid pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). The upper clamp arm 73 is moved toward the first metal member 21 and the lower clamp arm 74 is moved toward the second metal member 22 by the fluid pressure cylinder. The upper presser 71 and the lower presser 72 clamp the first and second metal members 21 and 22 by clamping them.
図３は、レーザー溶接方法の手順を説明する模式図であり、図３（Ａ１）（Ａ２）は、前処理工程の様子を示す斜視図および図３（Ａ１）のＡ２−Ａ２線に沿う断面図、図３（Ｂ１）（Ｂ２）は、本溶接工程の様子を示す平面図および図３（Ｂ１）のＢ２−Ｂ２線に沿う断面図である。図３（Ｃ１）（Ｃ２）は、本溶接工程の他の様子を示す平面図および図３（Ｃ１）のＣ２−Ｃ２線に沿う断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the procedure of the laser welding method. FIGS. 3A1 and 3A2 are a perspective view showing a state of the pretreatment process and a cross section taken along the line A2-A2 of FIG. 3A1. FIGS. 3 (B1) and 3 (B2) are a plan view showing the state of the main welding process and a cross-sectional view taken along line B2-B2 in FIG. 3 (B1). 3 (C1) and (C2) are a plan view showing another state of the main welding process and a cross-sectional view taken along line C2-C2 of FIG. 3 (C1).
まず、図３（Ａ１）（Ａ２）に示すように、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持して、第１の金属部材２１にレーザー光５１を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光５１をさらに第２の金属部材２２に照射して第１の金属部材２１に向かって盛り上がる突起部２３を生成する（前処理工程）。突起部２３の表面２２ａからの盛り上がり寸法ｄは、ブローホールの発生を抑制する目的に合致する範囲において適宜選択できるが、例えば、０．０５ｍｍ〜０．３ｍｍである。この寸法の突起をプレス成型によって形成することは、プレス成型の精度やプレス成形品の複雑な形状等の点から事実上不可能である。 First, as shown in FIGS. 3 (A1) and (A2), the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state of being combined with an open space, and laser light 51 is applied to the first metal member 21. The second metal member 22 is further irradiated with the laser beam 51 that has passed therethrough to generate a protrusion 23 that rises toward the first metal member 21 (pretreatment step). The raised dimension d from the surface 22a of the protrusion 23 can be appropriately selected within a range that matches the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of blowholes, and is, for example, 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm. It is practically impossible to form a protrusion having this dimension by press molding in view of accuracy of press molding and a complicated shape of the press-molded product.
次いで、図３（Ｂ１）（Ｂ２）または図３（Ｃ１）（Ｃ２）に示すように、突起部２３を生成した第２の金属部材２２を、突起部２３を介在させて、第１の金属部材２１と重ね合わせた状態にする。そして、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光５１を照射して第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を本溶接する（本溶接工程）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (B1) (B2) or FIG. 3 (C1) (C2), the second metal member 22 having the protrusion 23 is interposed between the first metal and the protrusion 23. The member 21 is overlapped. And the laser beam 51 is irradiated to the site | part which piled up the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22, and the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 are main-welded (main welding process).
本溶接工程において、重ね合わせた第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間には、突起部２３が挟まることによって隙間３１を確保できる。この隙間３１を通って、本溶接時のレーザー光５１の照射によって発生する被覆材蒸気である亜鉛ガスが逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。 In the main welding process, a gap 31 can be secured by sandwiching the protrusion 23 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 that are overlapped with each other. Through this gap 31, zinc gas, which is a coating material vapor generated by the irradiation of the laser beam 51 during the main welding, is released. As a result, generation of blowholes can be suppressed and a good weld can be obtained.
このようなレーザー溶接技術は、亜鉛メッキ鋼板が多用されている自動車用の金属部材を溶接接合する場合に適したものとなる。 Such laser welding technology is suitable for welding and joining metal members for automobiles in which galvanized steel sheets are frequently used.
前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持して、突起部２３を生成する（図１（Ｂ）（Ｃ）、図３（Ａ１）（Ａ２））。そして、本溶接工程において、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を前処理工程における状態から重ね合わせた状態に移行させて、本溶接する（図２、図３（Ｂ１）（Ｂ２）または図３（Ｃ１）（Ｃ２））。前処理工程において第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の空間３０は、第２の金属部材２２に生成した突起部２３が第１の金属部材２１に接合されない寸法、および本溶接時に移動される寸法を考慮して適宜決定することができる。空間３０の寸法例として、０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍを挙げることができる。 In the pretreatment process, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined to generate the protrusion 23 (FIGS. 1B, 1C, and 3). (A1) (A2)). Then, in the main welding step, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are shifted from the state in the pretreatment step to the overlapped state, and the main welding is performed (FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (B1) (B2) or FIG. 3 (C1) (C2)). In the pretreatment process, the space 30 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 is moved so that the projection 23 generated on the second metal member 22 is not joined to the first metal member 21 and during the main welding. It can be determined appropriately in consideration of the dimensions to be measured. Examples of the dimensions of the space 30 include 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に空間３０を開けているので、突起部２３を確実に生成することができる。本溶接工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２をすでに組み合わせている前処理工程における状態から重ね合わせた状態に移行させることから、突起部２３を生成した後、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせるまでの作業を迅速に行うことができる。その結果、レーザー溶接作業に要する一連の時間を短縮することができる。 In the pretreatment process, since the space 30 is opened between the first and second metal members 21 and 22, the protrusion 23 can be reliably generated. In the main welding step, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are shifted from the state in the pretreatment step in which the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are already combined to the overlapped state. The operation until the two metal members 21 and 22 are superposed can be quickly performed. As a result, a series of time required for the laser welding operation can be shortened.
前処理工程において、第２の金属部材２２に突起部２３を生成させる位置は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士をクランプする位置よりも本溶接工程においてレーザー光５１を照射する位置に近い側であることが好ましい。 In the pretreatment process, the position where the projection 23 is generated on the second metal member 22 is a position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated in the main welding process rather than the position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are clamped together. It is preferable that the side is close to.
第２の金属部材２２に突起部２３を生成させる位置を上記位置にすることにより、本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間寸法は、突起部２３の大きさに規制することができるからである。 By setting the position at which the protrusion 23 is generated on the second metal member 22 to the above position, the gap dimension between the first and second metal members 21, 22 during the main welding can be reduced. This is because the size can be regulated.
前処理工程において、機械的な機構よって、向かい合った第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２の第１の金属部材２１を第２の金属部材２２に対して離間させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて向かい合わせることが好ましい。 In the pretreatment step, the first metal member 21 of the first and second metal members 21 and 22 facing each other is separated from the second metal member 22 by a mechanical mechanism, and the first and second metal members 22 are separated from each other. It is preferable that the metal members 21 and 22 face each other by opening the space 30.
第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に空間３０を確実に開けて、突起部２３を生成させることができるからである。 This is because the space 30 can be reliably opened between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 to generate the protrusion 23.
本溶接工程において、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を前処理工程における状態から突起部２３を介在させて重ね合わせた状態に移行させて、打点ごとにクランプすることが好ましい。 In the main welding process, it is preferable to shift the first and second metal members 21 and 22 from the state in the pretreatment process to a state in which the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped with each other with the protrusions 23 interposed therebetween, and to clamp each spot.
本溶接の打点ごとにクランプすることによって、本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間を、打点ごとに確保あるいは矯正できるからである。 This is because the gap between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 during the main welding can be secured or corrected for each hitting point by clamping at each hitting point of the main welding.
本溶接工程において、レーザー光５１を照射する位置は、突起部２３を生成させたレーザー光５１の照射位置を囲む位置であることが好ましい。 In the main welding process, the position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated is preferably a position surrounding the irradiation position of the laser beam 51 that has generated the protrusion 23.
本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間を均等に確保でき、良好な溶接部を得ることができるからである。 It is because the clearance gap between the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 at the time of this welding can be ensured equally, and a favorable weld part can be obtained.
本溶接工程において、突起部２３を囲むようにレーザー光５１を照射することが好ましい（図３（Ｂ１）（Ｂ２））。 In the main welding process, it is preferable to irradiate the laser beam 51 so as to surround the protrusion 23 (FIGS. 3B1 and 3B2).
本溶接のときにレーザー光５１を照射する位置と突起部２３との間の距離がほぼ等しく、レーザー光５１を照射する位置に拘わらず、隙間３１の大きさが均一になる。その結果、より良好な溶接部を得ることができるからである。 The distance between the position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated during the main welding and the projection 23 is substantially equal, and the size of the gap 31 is uniform regardless of the position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated. As a result, a better weld can be obtained.
ただし、本発明は、本溶接工程におけるレーザー光５１の軌跡を限定するものではない。図３（Ｃ１）（Ｃ２）に示したように、直線状であっても支障なく適用することができる。 However, the present invention does not limit the locus of the laser beam 51 in the main welding process. As shown in FIGS. 3 (C1) and (C2), even if it is linear, it can be applied without hindrance.
図４（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、前処理工程におけるレーザー光の走査の軌跡の形状の例を示す斜視図である。 FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views showing examples of the shape of a scanning locus of laser light in the pretreatment process.
前処理工程において、レーザー光５１の走査は、走査の始点および終点が混じり合って一体となった軌跡に沿って行う。 In the preprocessing step, the scanning with the laser beam 51 is performed along a locus in which the starting point and the end point of the scanning are mixed and integrated.
このような軌跡に沿ってレーザー光５１を走査すると、溶融した金属の表面張力の作用によって中央部分が盛り上がって突起部２３を生成することができるからである。 This is because, when the laser beam 51 is scanned along such a locus, the central portion is raised by the action of the surface tension of the molten metal, and the protrusion 23 can be generated.
軌跡は、円形状（図４（Ａ））または点形状（図４（Ｂ））である。 The locus has a circular shape (FIG. 4A) or a point shape (FIG. 4B).
このような円形状または点形状の軌跡に沿ってレーザー光５１を走査すると、盛り上がりの高さが均一な突起部２３を生成することができるからである。 This is because, when the laser beam 51 is scanned along such a circular or dot-shaped locus, it is possible to generate the protrusion 23 having a uniform height.
これによって、本溶接のスペースに適した形状の突起部２３を生成することができる。 Thereby, the projection 23 having a shape suitable for the space for the main welding can be generated.
点形状の突起部２３（図４（Ｂ））は、レーザー光５１を走査することなく生成できる。 The point-shaped protrusion 23 (FIG. 4B) can be generated without scanning the laser beam 51.
円形状の突起部２３（図４（Ａ））は、点形状の突起部２３と比べ、突起部２３が広範囲に生成されることから、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間３１を安定して確保することができる。 Since the circular protrusion 23 (FIG. 4A) is generated in a wider range than the point-shaped protrusion 23, the space between the first and second metal members 21, 22 is larger. The gap 31 can be stably secured.
上述した実施形態に係るレーザー溶接方法により以下の作用効果を奏する。 The following effects are achieved by the laser welding method according to the embodiment described above.
本レーザー溶接方法は、前処理工程と、本溶接工程と、を有し、前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持して、第１の金属部材２１にレーザー光５１を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光５１をさらに第２の金属部材２２に照射して第１の金属部材２１に向かって盛り上がる突起部２３を生成する。次いで、本溶接工程においては、突起部２３を生成した第２の金属部材２２を、突起部２３を介在させて、第１の金属部材２１と重ね合わせた状態にし、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光５１を照射して第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を本溶接する。 This laser welding method has a pretreatment step and a main welding step, and in the pretreatment step, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state of being combined with an open space. The first metal member 21 is irradiated with a laser beam 51 and allowed to pass, and the second metal member 22 is further irradiated with the laser beam 51 that has passed therethrough, so that a protrusion 23 swells toward the first metal member 21. Generate. Next, in the main welding process, the second metal member 22 that has generated the protrusion 23 is overlapped with the first metal member 21 with the protrusion 23 interposed therebetween, and the first and second metals. The first and second metal members 21 and 22 are finally welded together by irradiating the laser beam 51 onto the part where the members 21 and 22 are overlapped.
かような方法によれば、本溶接工程において、重ね合わせた第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間には、突起部２３が挟まることによって隙間３１を確保できる。この隙間３１を通って、本溶接時のレーザー光５１の照射によって発生する亜鉛ガスが逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。また、前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に空間３０を開けているので、突起部２３を確実に生成することができる。したがって、本溶接工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士をすでに組み合わせている前処理工程における状態から重ね合わせた状態に移行させることから、突起部２３を生成した後、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を重ね合わせるまでの作業を迅速に行うことができる。その結果、レーザー溶接作業に要する一連の時間を短縮することができる。 According to such a method, in the main welding process, the gap 31 can be secured by the protrusion 23 being sandwiched between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 that are overlapped with each other. Through this gap 31, the zinc gas generated by the irradiation of the laser beam 51 during the main welding is released. As a result, generation of blowholes can be suppressed and a good weld can be obtained. Moreover, in the pretreatment process, since the space 30 is opened between the first and second metal members 21 and 22, the protrusion 23 can be reliably generated. Therefore, in the main welding step, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are already combined with each other, and the transition from the state in the pretreatment step to the overlapped state is made. The operation until the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are superposed can be quickly performed. As a result, a series of time required for the laser welding operation can be shortened.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、本溶接工程において、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を前処理工程における状態から突起部２３を介在させて重ね合わせた状態に移行させて、打点ごとにクランプすることが好ましい。 Further, in the present laser welding method, in the main welding process, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are shifted from the state in the pretreatment process to the state in which the protrusions 23 are interposed to overlap each other. Clamping is preferred.
かような方法によれば、本溶接の打点ごとにクランプすることによって、本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間を、打点ごとに確保あるいは矯正できる。 According to such a method, the gap between the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 at the time of main welding can be ensured or corrected for every hitting by clamping at every hitting point of main welding.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、前処理工程において、第２の金属部材２２に突起部２３を生成させる位置は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士をクランプする位置よりも本溶接工程においてレーザー光５１を照射する位置に近い側であることが好ましい。 Furthermore, in this laser welding method, in the pretreatment step, the position at which the projection 23 is generated on the second metal member 22 is greater than the position at which the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are clamped together. It is preferable that the side closer to the position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated.
かような方法によれば、本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間寸法を、突起部２３の大きさに規制することができる。 According to such a method, the size of the gap between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 during the main welding can be restricted to the size of the protrusion 23.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、本溶接工程において、レーザー光５１を照射する位置は、突起部２３を生成させたレーザー光５１の照射位置を囲む位置であることが好ましい。 Furthermore, in the present laser welding method, in the main welding process, the position where the laser beam 51 is irradiated is preferably a position surrounding the irradiation position of the laser beam 51 that has generated the protrusion 23.
かような方法によれば、本溶接のときの第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間の隙間を均等に確保でき、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。 According to such a method, the gap between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 during the main welding can be ensured evenly, and a good weld can be obtained.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、前処理工程において、レーザー光５１の走査は、走査の始点および終点が混じり合って一体となった軌跡に沿って行うことが好ましい。 Furthermore, in this laser welding method, in the pretreatment step, the scanning with the laser beam 51 is preferably performed along a locus in which the starting point and the ending point of the scanning are mixed and integrated.
かような方法によれば、表面張力によって突起部２３の中央部が盛り上がるので、突起部２３の盛り上がりの高さを均一にすることができる。 According to such a method, the central portion of the protrusion 23 is raised by the surface tension, so that the height of the protrusion 23 can be made uniform.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、軌跡は、円形状または点形状であることが好ましい。 Furthermore, in this laser welding method, the trajectory is preferably circular or point-shaped.
かような方法によれば、円形状または点形状の軌跡に沿ってレーザー光５１を走査すると、盛り上がりの高さが均一な突起部２３を生成することができる。 According to such a method, when the laser beam 51 is scanned along a circular or dot-shaped locus, the protruding portion 23 having a uniform height can be generated.
さらに、本レーザー溶接方法では、前処理工程において、機械的な機構、電磁的な力、または空圧的な力によって、向かい合った第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２の第１の金属部材２１を第２の金属部材２２に対して離間させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて向かい合わせることが好ましい。 Further, in the laser welding method, the first metal member of the first and second metal members 21 and 22 facing each other by a mechanical mechanism, electromagnetic force, or pneumatic force in the pretreatment step. 21 is preferably separated from the second metal member 22, and the first and second metal members 21, 22 are preferably opposed to each other by opening the space 30.
かような方法によれば、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に空間３０を確実に開けて、突起部２３を生成させることができる。 According to such a method, it is possible to reliably open the space 30 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 and generate the protrusion 23.
メッキ鋼板が亜鉛メッキ鋼板である。亜鉛メッキ鋼板を適用して、ブローホールの発生を抑制した良好な溶接部を得ることができる。 The plated steel sheet is a galvanized steel sheet. By applying a galvanized steel sheet, it is possible to obtain a good weld with suppressed generation of blow holes.
上述した実施形態に係るレーザー溶接装置１０により以下の作用効果を奏する。 The laser welding apparatus 10 according to the above-described embodiment has the following effects.
本レーザー溶接装置１０は、治具部４０と、レーザー照射部５０と、制御部６０と、を有している。制御部６０は、まず、治具部４０が第１位置に移動し、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持するように制御する。制御部６０は、レーザー照射部５０が空間３０を隔てて隣り合う第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２において第１の金属部材２１に対してレーザー光５１を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光５１を第２の金属部材２２に対して照射して第１の金属部材２１に向かって盛り上がる突起部２３を生成させるように制御する。そして、制御部６０は、治具部４０を第１位置から第２位置に移動させ、突起部２３を介在させて第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にし、レーザー照射部５０からレーザー光５１を照射して本溶接するように制御する。 The laser welding apparatus 10 includes a jig unit 40, a laser irradiation unit 50, and a control unit 60. First, the control unit 60 controls the jig unit 40 to move to the first position and hold the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined. The control unit 60 irradiates the first metal member 21 with the laser beam 51 in the first and second metal members 21 and 22 adjacent to each other with the space 30 separated by the laser irradiation unit 50. Then, the laser beam 51 is applied to the second metal member 22 so as to generate a protrusion 23 that rises toward the first metal member 21. Then, the control unit 60 moves the jig unit 40 from the first position to the second position, puts the projection 23 and interposes the first and second metal members 21 and 22, and performs laser irradiation. Control is performed so that the main welding is performed by irradiating the laser beam 51 from the portion 50.
かような構成によれば、重ね合わせた第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間には、突起部２３が挟まることによって隙間３１を確保できる。この隙間３１を通って、本溶接時のレーザー光５１の照射によって発生する亜鉛ガスが逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を得ることができる。治具部４０は、第１位置では、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に空間３０を開けているので、突起部２３を確実に生成することができる。治具部４０が第１位置から第２位置に移動することによって、突起部２３を生成した後、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせるまでの作業を迅速に行うことができる。その結果、レーザー溶接作業に要する一連の時間を短縮することができる。 According to such a configuration, a gap 31 can be secured by sandwiching the protrusion 23 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 that are overlapped with each other. Through this gap 31, the zinc gas generated by the irradiation of the laser beam 51 during the main welding is released. As a result, generation of blowholes can be suppressed and a good weld can be obtained. Since the jig portion 40 opens the space 30 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 at the first position, the protruding portion 23 can be reliably generated. By moving the jig portion 40 from the first position to the second position, the operation until the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped can be quickly performed after the projection portion 23 is generated. . As a result, a series of time required for the laser welding operation can be shortened.
上述した実施形態に係る溶接部材１００により以下の作用効果を奏する。 The welding member 100 according to the embodiment described above provides the following operational effects.
本溶接部材１００は、レーザー光５１を照射することによって突起部２３を生成した第２の金属部材２２を、突起部２３を介在させて、第１の金属部材２１と重ね合わせた形状を有し、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた部位が溶接接合されている。 The main welding member 100 has a shape in which the second metal member 22 that has generated the protrusion 23 by irradiating the laser beam 51 is overlapped with the first metal member 21 with the protrusion 23 interposed therebetween. The part which piled up the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 is weld-joined.
かような溶接部材によれば、重ね合わせた第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間には、突起部２３が挟まることによって隙間３１を確保できる。この隙間３１を通って、溶接接合時のレーザー光５１の照射によって発生する亜鉛ガスが逃がされる。その結果、ブローホールの発生を抑制して、良好な溶接部を備える溶接部材１００となる。 According to such a welding member, the gap 31 can be secured by sandwiching the protrusion 23 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 that are overlapped with each other. Through this gap 31, the zinc gas generated by the irradiation of the laser beam 51 during welding joining is released. As a result, the occurrence of blow holes is suppressed, and the weld member 100 having a good weld is obtained.
（改変例）
図５（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）は、機械的な機構を備える治具部４０の改変例を示す図である。
(Modification example)
FIGS. 5A, 5 </ b> B, and 5 </ b> C are diagrams illustrating modifications of the jig unit 40 including a mechanical mechanism.
治具部４０は、複数の金属部材同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置と、複数の金属部材を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置とに移動自在である限りにおいて適宜改変できる。 As long as the jig portion 40 is movable between a first position where the plurality of metal members are held in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined, and a second position where the plurality of metal members are overlapped with each other. It can be modified appropriately.
図５に示す治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に挿入自在な爪部材１１１と、爪部材１１１を第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に対して進退移動する駆動機構１１２とを有している。駆動機構１１２は、クランプ部材１１３をクランプまたはアンクランプする流体圧などによって作動するシリンダー１１４と、シリンダー１１４の作動ロッド１１５に連結され作動ロッド１１５の動きに連動して爪部材１１１を進退させるリンク機構１１６とを有している。リンク機構１１６は、作動ロッド１１５とともに移動する作動バー１１７と、作動バー１１７に設けられ爪部材１１１の基端が接触するカム部１１８と、爪部材１１１の基端をカム部１１８に押し付ける方向の弾発力を爪部材１１１に付勢するスプリング１１９とを有している。 5 includes a claw member 111 that can be inserted between the first and second metal members 21 and 22, and a claw member 111 between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. And a drive mechanism 112 that moves forward and backward. The drive mechanism 112 is connected to a cylinder 114 that is operated by fluid pressure that clamps or unclamps the clamp member 113, and a link mechanism that is connected to the operation rod 115 of the cylinder 114 and moves the claw member 111 back and forth in conjunction with the movement of the operation rod 115. 116. The link mechanism 116 includes an operation bar 117 that moves together with the operation rod 115, a cam portion 118 that is provided on the operation bar 117 and contacts the base end of the claw member 111, and a direction in which the base end of the claw member 111 is pressed against the cam portion 118. And a spring 119 that biases the elastic force to the claw member 111.
下側の第２の金属部材２２をセットするときには、クランプ部材１１３はアンクランプされ、爪部材１１１を後退移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間から引き抜いている（図５（Ａ））。前処理工程では、シリンダー１１４の作動ロッド１１５を途中まで伸長し、作動ロッド１１５とともに移動した作動バー１１７のカム部１１８を爪部材１１１の基端に接触させる。爪部材１１１をスプリング１１９の弾発力に抗して前進移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に挿入する。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図５（Ｂ））。本溶接工程では、シリンダー１１４の作動ロッド１１５を伸長してクランプ部材１１３によって第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２をクランプする。作動ロッド１１５とともに移動した作動バー１１７のカム部１１８は爪部材１１１の基端を越える。爪部材１１１をスプリング１１９の弾発力によって後退移動させ、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間から引き抜く。治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図５（Ｃ））。 When the lower second metal member 22 is set, the clamp member 113 is unclamped, the claw member 111 is moved backward, and is pulled out from between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 (see FIG. 5 (A)). In the pretreatment step, the operation rod 115 of the cylinder 114 is extended halfway, and the cam portion 118 of the operation bar 117 moved together with the operation rod 115 is brought into contact with the proximal end of the claw member 111. The claw member 111 is moved forward against the elastic force of the spring 119 and inserted between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. Thereby, the jig part 40 moves to the 1st position which hold | maintains the state which opened and combined the space 30 with the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 mutually (FIG.5 (B)). In the main welding process, the operating rod 115 of the cylinder 114 is extended, and the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are clamped by the clamp member 113. The cam portion 118 of the operating bar 117 moved together with the operating rod 115 exceeds the proximal end of the claw member 111. The claw member 111 is moved backward by the elastic force of the spring 119 and pulled out from between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The jig 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped (FIG. 5C).
図６（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、機械的な機構を備える治具部４０の他の改変例を示す図である。 6 (A) and 6 (B) are diagrams showing another modified example of the jig unit 40 having a mechanical mechanism.
図６に示す治具部４０は、下側の第２の金属部材２２に形成した貫通孔１２１に挿通自在なピン１２２と、ピン１２２とベース１２３との間に設けられピン１２２を上方に押し上げる弾発力をピン１２２に付勢するスプリング１２４とを有している。ピン１２２は、上側の第１の金属部材２１を押し上げるために設置している。スプリング１２４の弾発力は、クランプ部材１２５が第１の金属部材２１を押圧する力よりも弱く設定されている。 The jig portion 40 shown in FIG. 6 is provided between a pin 122 that can be inserted into a through-hole 121 formed in the second metal member 22 on the lower side, and the pin 122 and the base 123, and pushes the pin 122 upward. And a spring 124 for biasing the elastic force to the pin 122. The pin 122 is installed to push up the upper first metal member 21. The spring force of the spring 124 is set to be weaker than the force with which the clamp member 125 presses the first metal member 21.
前処理工程では、スプリング１２４の弾発力が付勢されたピン１２２は、第２の金属部材２２の貫通孔１２１を挿通して第１の金属部材２１を押し上げる。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図６（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、クランプ部材１２５によって第１の金属部材２１が押圧され、ピン１２２は、スプリング１２４の弾発力に抗して押し下げられる。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図６（Ｂ））。 In the pretreatment process, the pin 122 urged by the elastic force of the spring 124 is inserted through the through hole 121 of the second metal member 22 and pushes up the first metal member 21. Thereby, the jig part 40 moves to the 1st position which hold | maintains the state which opened and combined the space 30 with the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 (FIG. 6 (A)). In the main welding process, the first metal member 21 is pressed by the clamp member 125, and the pin 122 is pressed down against the elastic force of the spring 124. As a result, the jig portion 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped (FIG. 6B).
図７（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、機械的な機構を備える治具部４０のさらに他の改変例を示す図である。 FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing still another modified example of the jig portion 40 having a mechanical mechanism.
図７に示す治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２のそれぞれに形成した位置決め用のロケート孔１３１に挿通自在なロケートピン１３２と、ロケートピン１３２とベース１３３との間に設けられロケートピン１３２を上方に押し上げる弾発力をロケートピン１３２に付勢するスプリング１３４と、ロケートピン１３２に設けられ上側の第１の金属部材２１のみに当接自在な突起１３５とを有している。スプリング１３４の弾発力は、クランプ部材１３６が第１の金属部材２１を押圧する力よりも弱く設定されている。 The jig portion 40 shown in FIG. 7 is provided between a locate pin 132 that can be inserted into a positioning locate hole 131 formed in each of the first and second metal members 21 and 22, and between the locate pin 132 and the base 133. And a spring 134 that urges the locating pin 132 to urge the locating pin 132 upward, and a protrusion 135 that is provided on the locating pin 132 and that can contact only the upper first metal member 21. The spring force of the spring 134 is set to be weaker than the force with which the clamp member 136 presses the first metal member 21.
前処理工程では、スプリング１３４の弾発力が付勢されたロケートピン１３２は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２のロケート孔１３１に挿通され、突起１３５が第１の金属部材２１を押し上げる。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図７（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、クランプ部材１３６によって第１の金属部材２１が押圧され、ロケートピン１３２は、スプリング１３４の弾発力に抗して押し下げられる。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図７（Ｂ））。 In the pretreatment process, the locating pin 132 urged by the elastic force of the spring 134 is inserted into the locating hole 131 of the first and second metal members 21 and 22, and the protrusion 135 pushes up the first metal member 21. . As a result, the jig 40 moves to the first position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined (FIG. 7A). In the main welding process, the first metal member 21 is pressed by the clamp member 136, and the locate pin 132 is pressed down against the elastic force of the spring 134. As a result, the jig portion 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are superposed (FIG. 7B).
図８（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、電磁的な力を利用した治具部４０を示す図である。 8 (A) and 8 (B) are views showing the jig portion 40 using electromagnetic force.
治具部４０は、機械的な機構のほか、電磁的な力によって治具部４０の状態を移動させることができる。 The jig 40 can move the state of the jig 40 by an electromagnetic force in addition to a mechanical mechanism.
図８に示す治具部４０は、磁力を持たせたクランプ部材１４１から構成されている。磁力は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を本溶接した接合力よりも弱く設定されている。 The jig part 40 shown in FIG. 8 is comprised from the clamp member 141 which gave magnetic force. The magnetic force is set to be weaker than the joining force obtained by the main welding of the first and second metal members 21 and 22.
前処理工程では、クランプ部材１４１は第１の金属部材２１を磁力によって吸着したまま、第１の金属部材２１を第２の金属部材２２の上方位置において固定する。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図８（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、クランプ部材１４１を押し切る。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図８（Ｂ））。本溶接後は、クランプ部材１４１を持ち上げれば、第１の金属部材２１から外れる。 In the pretreatment process, the clamp member 141 fixes the first metal member 21 at a position above the second metal member 22 while adsorbing the first metal member 21 by magnetic force. Thereby, the jig part 40 moves to the 1st position which hold | maintains the state which opened and combined the space 30 with the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 (FIG. 8 (A)). In the main welding process, the clamp member 141 is pushed down. As a result, the jig portion 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped (FIG. 8B). After the main welding, if the clamp member 141 is lifted, it is detached from the first metal member 21.
上記の電磁的な力によっても、治具部４０は、前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持し、本溶接工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にすることができる。 Also by the electromagnetic force described above, the jig portion 40 holds the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a combined state by opening the space 30 in the pretreatment process, and in the main welding process. Can be in a state where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped.
図９（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、電磁的な力を利用した治具部４０の改変例を示す図である。 FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing a modification of the jig unit 40 using electromagnetic force.
図９に示す治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２に同極性の電荷を持たせることによって構成されている。電荷による反力は、クランプ部材１５１が第１の金属部材２１を押圧する力よりも弱く設定されている。 The jig portion 40 shown in FIG. 9 is configured by giving electric charges of the same polarity to the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The reaction force due to the electric charge is set to be weaker than the force with which the clamp member 151 presses the first metal member 21.
前処理工程では、第１の金属部材２１と第２の金属部材２２との間には電荷による反力が作用する。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図９（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、クランプ部材１５１を押し切る。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図９（Ｂ））。 In the pretreatment step, a reaction force due to electric charges acts between the first metal member 21 and the second metal member 22. Accordingly, the jig portion 40 moves to the first position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined (FIG. 9A). In the main welding process, the clamp member 151 is pushed out. As a result, the jig 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are superposed (FIG. 9B).
図１０（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、空圧的な力を利用した治具部４０を示す図である。 FIGS. 10A and 10B are views showing the jig portion 40 using a pneumatic force.
治具部４０は、機械的な機構、電磁的な力のほか、空圧的な力によって治具部４０の状態を移動させることができる。 The jig part 40 can move the state of the jig part 40 by a pneumatic force in addition to a mechanical mechanism and an electromagnetic force.
図１０に示す治具部４０は、クランプ部材１６１と、第１の金属部材２１を吸着する吸着パッド１６２とを有している。吸着パッド１６２は、負圧の供給と、大気開放とが切り替えられる。 The jig part 40 shown in FIG. 10 has a clamp member 161 and a suction pad 162 that sucks the first metal member 21. The suction pad 162 is switched between supply of negative pressure and release to the atmosphere.
前処理工程では、吸着パッド１６２は第１の金属部材２１を負圧によって吸着したまま、第１の金属部材２１を第２の金属部材２２の上方位置において固定する。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図１０（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、クランプ部材１６１を押し切る。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図１０（Ｂ））。本溶接後は、吸着パッド１６２を持ち上げれば、第１の金属部材２１から外れる。 In the pretreatment step, the suction pad 162 fixes the first metal member 21 at a position above the second metal member 22 while adsorbing the first metal member 21 by negative pressure. Thereby, the jig part 40 moves to the 1st position which hold | maintains the state which opened and combined the space 30 with the 1st and 2nd metal members 21 and 22 (FIG. 10 (A)). In the main welding process, the clamp member 161 is pushed out. As a result, the jig portion 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are superposed (FIG. 10B). After the main welding, if the suction pad 162 is lifted, it is detached from the first metal member 21.
上記の空圧的な力によっても、治具部４０は、前処理工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持し、本溶接工程においては、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にすることができる。 Even in the above-described pneumatic force, the jig portion 40 holds the first and second metal members 21 and 22 in a combined state with the space 30 opened in the pretreatment step, and the main welding step. In, the first and second metal members 21 and 22 can be superposed.
図１１（Ａ）（Ｂ）は、空圧的な力を利用した治具部４０の改変例を示す図である。 FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing a modification example of the jig portion 40 using a pneumatic force.
図１１に示す治具部４０は、クランプ部材１７１と、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に圧縮エアーを供給するエアー供給部１７２とを有している。エアー供給部１７２は、圧縮エアーの供給と、供給停止とが切り替えられる。 The jig part 40 shown in FIG. 11 has a clamp member 171 and an air supply part 172 for supplying compressed air between the first and second metal members 21 and 22. The air supply unit 172 can be switched between compressed air supply and supply stop.
前処理工程では、エアー供給部１７２から、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士の間に圧縮エアーを供給し、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を離反させる。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２同士を空間３０を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置に移動する（図１１（Ａ））。本溶接工程では、エアー供給部１７２からの圧縮エアーの供給を停止し、クランプ部材１７１を押し切る。これによって、治具部４０は、第１と第２の金属部材２１、２２を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置に移動する（図１１（Ｂ））。 In the pretreatment step, compressed air is supplied between the first and second metal members 21 and 22 from the air supply unit 172 to separate the first and second metal members 21 and 22. As a result, the jig 40 moves to the first position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are held in a state where the space 30 is opened and combined (FIG. 11A). In the main welding process, the supply of compressed air from the air supply unit 172 is stopped, and the clamp member 171 is pushed completely. As a result, the jig portion 40 moves to the second position where the first and second metal members 21 and 22 are overlapped (FIG. 11B).
複数の金属部材をメッキ鋼板から形成した場合について説明したが、溶接する鋼板のいずれかの面に被覆材が被覆されている限り、被覆材蒸気が発生し得る。したがって、複数の金属部材のうち少なくとも１つの金属部材の母材の両面または片面が被覆されたメッキ鋼板を溶接する場合に本発明を適用できる。 Although the case where the plurality of metal members are formed from the plated steel plate has been described, as long as the coating material is coated on any surface of the steel plate to be welded, the coating material vapor can be generated. Therefore, the present invention can be applied when welding a plated steel plate on which both surfaces or one surface of a base material of at least one metal member among a plurality of metal members is coated.
１０ レーザー溶接装置、
２１ 第１の金属部材（一の金属部材）、
２１ａ 表面、
２１ｂ 裏面、
２１ｃ 溶融部、
２２ 第２の金属部材（他の金属部材）、
２２ａ 表面、
２３ 突起部、
３０ 空間、
３１ 隙間、
４０ 治具部、
４１ 爪部材、
４２ 駆動部材、
５０ レーザー照射部、
５１ レーザー光、
６０ 制御部、
７０ クランプ部材、
７１ 上方押え部、
７２ 下方押え部、
１００ 溶接部材。
10 Laser welding equipment,
21 1st metal member (one metal member),
21a surface,
21b reverse side,
21c melting part,
22 2nd metal member (other metal members),
22a surface,
23 protrusions,
30 spaces,
31 gap,
40 Jig part,
41 claw member,
42 drive members,
50 Laser irradiation part,
51 Laser light,
60 control unit,
70 Clamp member,
71 Upper presser part,
72 Lower presser part,
100 Welding member.
Claims (9)
複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持して、一の前記金属部材にレーザー光を照射して通過させ、通過させた前記レーザー光をさらに他の前記金属部材に照射して一の前記金属部材に向かって盛り上がる突起部を生成する前処理工程と、
前記突起部を生成した他の前記金属部材を、前記突起部を介在させて、一の前記金属部材と重ね合わせた状態にし、複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた部位にレーザー光を照射して複数の前記金属部材同士を本溶接する本溶接工程と、
を有するレーザー溶接方法。 A laser welding method for welding a plurality of the metal members by irradiating a portion where a plurality of metal members are overlapped with each other, wherein at least one of the metal members is more than a base material. Formed from a plated steel sheet coated with the base material by a low melting point coating material,
A plurality of the metal members are held in a state of being combined with an open space, the one metal member is irradiated with a laser beam, and the other laser beam is further irradiated with the laser beam that has passed therethrough. A pre-processing step of generating a protrusion that rises toward the one metal member;
The other metal member that has generated the protrusion is overlapped with the one metal member with the protrusion interposed therebetween, and a portion where the plurality of metal members are overlapped is irradiated with laser light. A main welding step of performing main welding of the plurality of metal members;
A laser welding method comprising:
複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持する第１位置と、複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた状態にする第２位置とに移動自在な治具部と、
レーザー光を照射するレーザー照射部と、
前記治具部および前記レーザー照射部の作動を制御する制御部と、を有し、
前記制御部は、前記治具部を前記第１位置に移動させ、複数の前記金属部材同士を空間を開けて組み合わせた状態に保持し、前記レーザー照射部が空間を隔てて隣り合う前記金属部材において一の前記金属部材に対してレーザー光を照射して通過させ、通過させたレーザー光を他の前記金属部材に対して照射して一の前記金属部材に向かって盛り上がる突起部を生成させ、前記治具部を前記第１位置から前記第２位置に移動させ、前記突起部を介在させて複数の前記金属部材を重ね合わせた状態にし、前記レーザー照射部から前記レーザー光を照射して本溶接するように制御する、レーザー溶接装置。 A laser welding apparatus that welds a plurality of metal members by irradiating a portion where a plurality of metal members are overlapped with each other, wherein at least one of the metal members is more than a base material. Formed from a plated steel sheet coated with the base material by a low melting point coating material,
A jig part movable between a first position for holding a plurality of the metal members in a combined state with a space open, and a second position for overlapping the plurality of metal members;
A laser irradiation unit for irradiating a laser beam;
A control unit for controlling the operation of the jig unit and the laser irradiation unit,
The control unit moves the jig unit to the first position, holds a plurality of the metal members in a state of being opened and combined, and the laser irradiation unit is adjacent to the metal member with a space therebetween. In one metal member is irradiated with a laser beam to pass, the other laser beam is irradiated to the other metal member to generate a protrusion that rises toward the one metal member, The jig part is moved from the first position to the second position, a plurality of the metal members are overlapped with the protrusions interposed therebetween, and the laser beam is irradiated from the laser irradiation part. Laser welding equipment that controls welding.
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