JP2015148790A - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015148790A JP2015148790A JP2014091847A JP2014091847A JP2015148790A JP 2015148790 A JP2015148790 A JP 2015148790A JP 2014091847 A JP2014091847 A JP 2014091847A JP 2014091847 A JP2014091847 A JP 2014091847A JP 2015148790 A JP2015148790 A JP 2015148790A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/134381—Hybrid switching mode, i.e. for applying an electric field with components parallel and orthogonal to the substrates
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Abstract
Description
[1.液晶表示装置の回路構成]
まず、液晶表示装置10の回路構成の一例について説明する。図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る液晶表示装置10のブロック図である。本実施形態では、アクティブマトリクス型の液晶表示装置10を例に挙げて説明する。
図3は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る液晶表示パネル11の模式的な断面図である。
液晶表示パネル11の表示面と反対面には、面光源(バックライト)20が対向配置される。このバックライト20は、例えば、サイドライト型(エッジライト型)のバックライト装置が用いられる。すなわち、バックライト20は、LED(発光ダイオード)等からなる複数の発光素子が導光板の端面から入射するように構成され、導光板の一方の板面から画素アレイへ向けて光が出射される。例えば、バックライト20は、反射シート、導光板、拡散シート、及びプリズムシートが積層されて構成される。
次に、液晶表示パネル11のより具体的な構成例について説明する。以下に、半透過型液晶表示パネル11を例に挙げて説明する。半透過型液晶表示パネル11は、外光を反射することによって画像を表示する反射領域と、バックライト光を透過することによって画像を表示する透過領域とを1画素内に有する。
次に、上記のように構成された液晶表示装置10の動作について説明する。まず、液晶層23に電界を印加していない状態での表示について説明する。図9(a)は、液晶層23に電界を印加していない状態での液晶分子の配向状態を説明する図である。
以上詳述したように第1実施形態では、液晶層23は、p型(ポジ型)液晶材料からなり、また、電界が印加されていない状態で液晶分子をほぼ垂直に配向させる。また、TFT基板21に、直線状の画素電極24と、この画素電極24を所定の間隔を空けて囲む又は挟むように形成された共通電極25を設ける。さらに、CF基板22に、共通電極25とほぼ同じ平面形状を有し、共通電極25と少なくとも一部が重なるように形成された共通電極28を設ける。
図13は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るCF基板22のレイアウト図及び断面図である。図13(a)がCF基板22のレイアウト図、図13(b)が図13(a)に示したC−C´線に沿ったCF基板22の断面図である。図13は、3画素分のレイアウトを示している。図13には、ストライプ配列のカラーフィルター27を一例として図示している。
第3実施形態は、画素17が直線状の複数の画素電極24を備える場合の液晶表示パネル11の構成例である。
第4実施形態は、CF基板22側の共通電極28と画素電極24との距離を、TFT基板21側の共通電極25と画素電極24との距離より小さくする。そして、共通電極28と画素電極24との間の斜め電界を、共通電極25と画素電極24との間の横電界より大きくする。これにより、液晶の配向不良を抑制することで、所望の配向状態を実現するようにしている。
図18は、本発明の第4実施形態に係る液晶表示パネル11の模式的な断面図である。1画素分のレイアウト図は、第1実施形態で示した図4(半透過型)と同じである。図19は、図4に示したA−A´線に沿った液晶表示パネル11の断面図である。図20は、図4に示したB−B´線に沿った液晶表示パネル11の断面図である。なお、図19及び図20の断面図では、図18に示した円偏光板30、33と、配向膜26、29との図示を省略している。
まず、比較例に係る液晶表示パネルの動作について説明する。図22は、比較例に係る液晶分子の配向状態を説明する図である。図22は、液晶層に電界を印加した状態(オン状態)を表している。オン状態では、共通電極25、28には、共通電圧Vcom(例えば0V)が印加され、画素電極24には、共通電圧Vcomより高い駆動電圧(例えば5V)が印加される。液晶層に電界が印加されていない状態(オフ状態)は、図9(a)と同じである。
以上詳述したように第4実施形態では、液晶層23は、p型(ポジ型)液晶材料からなり、また、電界が印加されていない状態で液晶分子をほぼ垂直に配向させる。また、TFT基板21に、直線状の画素電極24と、この画素電極24を所定の間隔を空けて囲む又は挟むように形成された共通電極25を設ける。また、CF基板22に、共通電極25とほぼ同じ平面形状を有し、共通電極25と少なくとも一部が重なるように形成された共通電極28を設ける。そして、共通電極28と画素電極24との距離は、共通電極25と画素電極24との距離より小さく設定される。
第5実施形態は、共通電極25を画素電極24より下層に配置することで、共通電極28と画素電極24との距離を、共通電極25と画素電極24との距離より小さくするようにしている。
Claims (10)
- 対向配置された第1及び第2基板と、
前記第1及び第2基板間に挟持され、p型の液晶材料からなり、電界を印加しない状態で垂直配向をとる液晶層と、
前記第1基板に設けられ、1つ又は複数の直線状の画素電極と、
前記第1基板に設けられ、所定の間隔を空けて各画素電極を囲む又は挟むように形成された第1共通電極と、
前記第2基板に設けられ、前記第1共通電極とほぼ同じ平面形状を有し、平面投影において前記第1共通電極と少なくとも一部が重なるように形成された第2共通電極と、
を具備することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記第1共通電極と前記第2共通電極とに同じ電圧を印加する駆動回路をさらに具備することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第2共通電極は、平面投影において前記画素電極と少なくとも一部が重なるように形成された電極部分をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第2共通電極と前記画素電極との距離は、前記第1共通電極と前記画素電極との距離より小さいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第2共通電極の幅は、前記第1共通電極の幅より大きいことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第2共通電極の端は、平面投影において、前記第1共通電極の端より前記画素電極側に配置されることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第1共通電極は、前記画素電極より下のレベル層に配置されることを特徴とする請求項4乃至6のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記画素電極に駆動電圧を供給する信号線をさらに具備し、
前記第1共通電極は、前記信号線を覆うように配置されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記第1及び第2基板を挟むように配置された第1及び第2円偏光板をさらに具備することを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第1基板に設けられ、入射光を反射する反射膜をさらに具備することを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
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