JP2015083526A - Method of producing cement composition - Google Patents

Method of producing cement composition Download PDF

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JP2015083526A
JP2015083526A JP2013222742A JP2013222742A JP2015083526A JP 2015083526 A JP2015083526 A JP 2015083526A JP 2013222742 A JP2013222742 A JP 2013222742A JP 2013222742 A JP2013222742 A JP 2013222742A JP 2015083526 A JP2015083526 A JP 2015083526A
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cement
water
mortar
concrete
kneading
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JP6591729B2 (en
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隆之 早川
Takayuki Hayakawa
隆之 早川
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing a cement composition which has a high capability of strength development of the cement composition and is reduced in pre-curing time in atmospheric pressure steam curing.SOLUTION: A method of producing a cement composition includes a mortar kneading step of charging cement, fine aggregate and water into a mixer and kneading mortar, and the pre-curing time in atmospheric pressure steam curing is 60 min or shorter. A method of producing concrete includes a concrete kneading step of charging coarse aggregate and secondary water into the mortar after the mortar kneading step and kneading concrete.

Description

本発明は、セメント組成物の強度発現性が高く、かつ常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間(練り置き時間)が短いセメント組成物の製造方法に関する。なお、本発明においてセメント組成物とは、モルタルおよびコンクリートをいう。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a cement composition in which the strength of the cement composition is high and the pre-curing time (kneading time) in atmospheric steam curing is short. In the present invention, the cement composition refers to mortar and concrete.

コンクリート製品の工場では、製造効率の向上の観点から型枠の回転率(1日あたり型枠を使用する回数)を上げるため、コンクリート製品に対し常圧蒸気養生を行うことが一般的である。該蒸気養生の時間は、通常、前養生時間、昇温時間、最高温度保持時間、降温時間、後養生時間の合計である。したがって、型枠の回転率をさらに上げるには、前養生時間の短縮やより高温での養生が考えられるが、これらはコンクリートの強度発現性を低下させることが知られている(非特許文献1)。
る。
In concrete product factories, it is common to perform atmospheric pressure steam curing on concrete products in order to increase the rotation rate of molds (the number of times a mold is used per day) from the viewpoint of improving production efficiency. The steam curing time is usually the total of the pre-curing time, the temperature raising time, the maximum temperature holding time, the temperature falling time, and the post-curing time. Therefore, in order to further increase the rotation rate of the formwork, shortening the pre-curing time and curing at a higher temperature can be considered, but these are known to reduce the strength development of the concrete (Non-Patent Document 1). ).
The

そこで、常圧蒸気養生においてコンクリートの強度発現性を高めるため、セメント混和材やコンクリート製品の製造方法等が、いくつか提案されている。
例えば、特許文献1では、セッコウ、アルミニウム化合物、アルカリ金属硫酸塩、アルミン酸アルカリ金属塩、および凝結調節剤を有効成分とするセメント混和材が提案されている。しかし、該混和材は、水和により膨張性鉱物であるエトリンガイトを生成するため、セメントに過剰に添加すると、コンクリートにひび割れが生じる危険性がある。
また、特許文献2では、水とセメントを先に練り合わせてセメントペーストを作って静置し、静置後の先練りしたセメントペーストに減水剤を加えて流動性を復元させ、前記セメントペーストを使ってコンクリートを練り混ぜてから硬化促進剤を加え、型枠に打ち込むことによりコンクリートの強度を短時間で高め、常圧蒸気養生を行った後に脱型を可能とした、コンクリート製品の製造方法が提案されている。しかし、該方法は硬化促進剤の使用が必須であるが、該文献の段落0006に「(凝結)硬化促進剤の添加量を増やすと材料費が高くつくという懸念がある。」と記載されているように、一般に硬化促進剤は高価であり、硬化促進剤を使用するとその分コスト高になる。
Therefore, several methods for producing cement admixtures and concrete products have been proposed in order to increase the strength development of concrete in atmospheric steam curing.
For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a cement admixture containing gypsum, an aluminum compound, an alkali metal sulfate, an alkali metal aluminate, and a setting controller as active ingredients. However, since the admixture produces ettringite, which is an expansive mineral, by hydration, there is a risk of cracking in the concrete if added excessively to cement.
Further, in Patent Document 2, water and cement are first kneaded to make a cement paste and allowed to stand. Then, a water reducing agent is added to the kneaded cement paste after standing to restore fluidity, and the cement paste is used. Proposing a method for producing concrete products that knead the concrete, add a hardening accelerator, and drive it into the mold to increase the strength of the concrete in a short time, allowing demolding after atmospheric pressure steam curing. Has been. However, the method requires the use of a curing accelerator, but paragraph 0006 of the document states that “there is a concern that increasing the amount of (coagulation) curing accelerator increases the material cost”. In general, the curing accelerator is expensive, and the use of the curing accelerator increases the cost accordingly.

Shideler,J,J、“Low Pressure Stream Curing”,Jounal of A.C.I.(1963−8)Shideler, J, J, “Low Pressure Stream Curing”, Journal of A. C. I. (1963-8)

特開平06−080452号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-080452 特開2006−305748号公報JP 2006-305748 A

したがって、本発明の目的は、セメント混和材や硬化促進剤を用いなくてもセメント組成物の強度発現性が高く、かつ常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間が短いセメント組成物の製造方法を提供することである。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cement composition having high strength development of the cement composition without using a cement admixture or a hardening accelerator and having a short pre-curing time in atmospheric steam curing. That is.

本発明者は前記目的にかなうセメント組成物の製造方法を検討したところ、コンクリート等の構成材料を特定の順序で単に混練するだけで、前記目的を達成できることを見い出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明は下記の構成を有するセメント組成物の製造方法である。
[1]セメント、細骨材および水をミキサに投入してモルタルを混練するモルタル混練工程を含み、かつ、常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間が60分以下である、セメント組成物の製造方法。
[2]前記モルタル混練工程の後に、該モルタルに粗骨材および二次水を投入してコンクリートを混練するコンクリート混練工程を含む、前記[1]に記載のコンクリートの製造方法。
[3]前記[1]に記載の水および/または前記[2]に記載の二次水が減水剤を含む、前記[1]または[2]に記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。
[4]前記モルタル混練工程において、モルタルがキャピラリ―状態になった後、さらに60秒以上混練を継続する、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。
[5]前記セメントがエコセメントである、前記[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。
The inventor has studied a method for producing a cement composition that meets the above-mentioned object. As a result, the present inventor has found that the object can be achieved by simply kneading the constituent materials such as concrete in a specific order, thereby completing the present invention.
That is, this invention is a manufacturing method of the cement composition which has the following structure.
[1] A method for producing a cement composition, comprising a mortar kneading step in which cement, fine aggregate and water are put into a mixer to knead the mortar, and the precuring time in atmospheric steam curing is 60 minutes or less.
[2] The method for producing concrete according to [1], further including a concrete kneading step in which coarse aggregate and secondary water are added to the mortar and the concrete is kneaded after the mortar kneading step.
[3] The method for producing a cement composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the water according to [1] and / or the secondary water according to [2] includes a water reducing agent.
[4] The method for producing a cement composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein in the mortar kneading step, kneading is continued for 60 seconds or more after the mortar is in a capillary state.
[5] The method for producing a cement composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the cement is ecocement.

本発明のセメント組成物の製造方法は、セメント組成物の強度発現性が高く、かつ常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間を短縮できる。   The method for producing a cement composition of the present invention has high strength development of the cement composition and can shorten the pre-curing time in atmospheric steam curing.

粉粒体間における液相の存在状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the presence state of the liquid phase between granular materials.

以下、本発明のセメント組成物の製造方法について、セメント組成物がモルタルの場合とコンクリートの場合に分けて説明する。
1.モルタルの製造方法
該製造方法は、前記のとおり、セメント、細骨材および水をミキサに投入してモルタルを混練するモルタル混練工程を含み、かつ、常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間が60分以下であることを特徴とする方法である。以下、セメント、細骨材、水、モルタルの混練方法、および常圧蒸気養生方法の順に説明する。
(1)セメント
該セメントは、普通ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、超早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメント、耐硫酸塩ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、石炭灰含有セメント、シリカセメント、および白色ポルトランドセメント等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。これらの中でも、後記の実施例に示すように、普通ポルトランドセメントおよびエコセメントが好ましく、エコセメントがより好ましい。
エコセメントは普通ポルトランドセメントと比べ強度発現性がやや低いため、エコセメントを含むセメント組成物を、従来の一括混練により製造して常圧蒸気養生する場合、前養生時間は2〜3時間必要であり、また、昇温速度を遅くする等の配慮が必要であった。かかる配慮をしない場合、常圧蒸気養生における昇温時において、セメント組成物の蒸けによりセメント組成物にひび割れが生じ、セメント組成物の強度低下や製品の角欠けが起き易かった。これらの対応として、今まで、単位セメント量の増加、水/セメント比の低減、および角欠けの補修等を強いられてきた。ところが、本発明の製造方法を用いれば、前養生時間は60分以下でよく、また、昇温速度は通常の速度(20℃程度/時間)で十分であり、製造者の前記負担を軽減できる。
Hereinafter, the method for producing the cement composition of the present invention will be described separately for the case where the cement composition is mortar and the case of concrete.
1. Manufacturing method of mortar As described above, the manufacturing method includes a mortar kneading step in which cement, fine aggregate and water are put into a mixer to knead the mortar, and the pre-curing time in atmospheric steam curing is 60 minutes or less. It is the method characterized by being. Hereinafter, the cement, fine aggregate, water, mortar kneading method, and atmospheric pressure steam curing method will be described in this order.
(1) Cement The cements are ordinary Portland cement, eco-cement, early strength Portland cement, super early strength Portland cement, medium heat Portland cement, low heat Portland cement, sulfate resistant Portland cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, coal ash 1 type or more chosen from a containing cement, a silica cement, a white Portland cement, etc. is mentioned. Among these, as shown in the examples described later, ordinary portland cement and eco-cement are preferable, and eco-cement is more preferable.
Eco-cement is slightly lower in strength than ordinary Portland cement, so when a cement composition containing eco-cement is manufactured by conventional batch kneading and is subjected to normal pressure steam curing, the pre-curing time is 2 to 3 hours. In addition, considerations such as slowing the temperature rising rate were necessary. Without such consideration, cracking of the cement composition occurred due to steaming of the cement composition at the time of temperature increase in atmospheric steam curing, and the strength of the cement composition was easily reduced and the corners of the product were liable to occur. To cope with these problems, up to now, it has been forced to increase the unit cement amount, reduce the water / cement ratio, and repair corner breakage. However, if the production method of the present invention is used, the pre-curing time may be 60 minutes or less, and the normal rate (about 20 ° C./hour) is sufficient as the rate of temperature increase, and the burden on the manufacturer can be reduced. .

(2)細骨材
該細骨材は、川砂、山砂、陸砂、海砂、砕砂、硅砂、スラグ細骨材、および軽量細骨材等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。また、細骨材は天然骨材のほか再生骨材を用いることができる。
(2) Fine Aggregate Examples of the fine aggregate include one or more selected from river sand, mountain sand, land sand, sea sand, crushed sand, dredged sand, slag fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, and the like. In addition to natural aggregate, recycled aggregate can be used as the fine aggregate.

(3)水
該水は、モルタルの強度や流動性等の物性に悪影響を与えないものであれば用いることができ、例えば、水道水、下水処理水、および生コンクリートの上澄水等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。また、減水剤は、水/セメント比を下げて練混時のトルクを高めることにより、セメントの凝集粒子が壊砕してブリーディング率が低減するため、水は、高性能AE減水剤、高性能減水剤、AE減水剤等から選ばれる1種以上の減水剤を含むものが好ましい。ここで、前記減水剤の種類は、ポリカルボン酸、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、メラミンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、リグニンスルホン酸、およびこれらのナトリウム塩やカルシウム塩等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
(3) Water The water can be used as long as it does not adversely affect physical properties such as strength and fluidity of the mortar, and is selected from, for example, tap water, treated sewage water, and supernatant water of fresh concrete. 1 type or more is mentioned. In addition, the water-reducing agent lowers the water / cement ratio and increases the torque during kneading, so that the aggregated particles of the cement break up and the bleeding rate is reduced, so water is a high-performance AE water-reducing agent, What contains 1 or more types of water reducing agents chosen from a water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, etc. is preferable. Here, the kind of the water reducing agent includes at least one selected from polycarboxylic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfonic acid, and sodium salts and calcium salts thereof. .

(4)モルタルの混練方法
該方法として、混練装置に、
(i)細骨材と水を投入して混練した後、セメントを投入して再度混練する、
(ii)セメントと水を投入して混練した後、細骨材を投入して再度混練する、
(iii)細骨材とセメントを投入して空練りした後、水を投入して混練する、および、
(iv)セメントと細骨材と水を投入し、一括して混練する
等の方法が挙げられる。これらの中でも、(i)の方法は、細骨材の湿潤表面にセメントが付着して造殻層を形成して、均質でブリーディングの少ないモルタルが得られるため好ましい。前記混練装置は特に限定されず、強制練りミキサ、重力式ミキサ、およびホバートミキサ等が使用できる。
前記モルタル混練工程における混練時間は、セメント組成物の製造効率やブリーディングの低減効果の観点から、好ましくは80〜220秒、より好ましくは100〜160秒である。
また、水量は水/セメント比換算で、減水剤を含まない場合は、好ましくは28〜35%、より好ましくは28〜33%であり、減水剤を含む場合は、好ましくは20〜33%、より好ましくは23〜30%である。水量が前記範囲であれば十分高い強度が得られる。
(4) Method of kneading mortar As this method,
(i) After the fine aggregate and water are added and kneaded, the cement is added and kneaded again.
(ii) Cement and water are added and kneaded, then fine aggregate is added and kneaded again.
(iii) After fine aggregate and cement are added and kneaded, water is added and kneaded, and
(iv) A method of adding cement, fine aggregate and water and kneading them together can be mentioned. Among these, the method (i) is preferable because the cement adheres to the wet surface of the fine aggregate to form a shell-forming layer, and a mortar with uniform and low bleeding is obtained. The kneading apparatus is not particularly limited, and a forced kneading mixer, a gravity mixer, a Hobart mixer, or the like can be used.
The kneading time in the mortar kneading step is preferably 80 to 220 seconds, more preferably 100 to 160 seconds from the viewpoint of the production efficiency of the cement composition and the effect of reducing bleeding.
Further, the amount of water is, in terms of water / cement ratio, preferably 28 to 35%, more preferably 28 to 33% when no water reducing agent is included, and preferably 20 to 33% when a water reducing agent is included. More preferably, it is 23 to 30%. If the amount of water is in the above range, a sufficiently high strength can be obtained.

また、モルタル混練工程において得られるモルタルは、好ましくはキャピラリ―状態にあるものである。ここで、キャピラリ―状態とは、図1の(d)に示すように、粉粒体の間が水等の液相によりほぼ完全に充填され、空隙や気泡等の気相が実質的に存在しない状態をいう。この状態では、混練エネルギー(トルク)が最大になり、モルタル中の粉粒体間の結合が最強になるため、モルタルの強度発現性が向上する。
そして、キャピラリ―状態のモルタルを得るための水量は、水/セメント比換算で、減水剤を含まない場合、好ましくは28〜32%、より好ましくは28〜30%であり、減水剤を含む場合、好ましくは23〜30%、より好ましくは24〜30%である。水量が前記範囲を外れると、キャピラリ―状態のモルタルが得にくく、強度発現性やブリーディングの低減効果が低下する場合がある。
ただし、より正確を期すため、前記水量は、例えば、以下の(a)〜(c)の手順により決定してもよい。
(a)セメントと細骨材の混合物をホバートミキサに投入する。
(b)前記混合物に対して水を徐々に添加して混練し、そのときのミキサのモーターにかかる負荷電流値を負荷抵抗として測定する。
(c)水/前記混合物の質量比と負荷電流値との関係において、負荷電流値が最大となる質量比を求め、この値を水量として決定する。
The mortar obtained in the mortar kneading step is preferably in a capillary state. Here, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the capillary state is almost completely filled with a liquid phase such as water, and a gas phase such as voids and bubbles is substantially present. The state that does not. In this state, the kneading energy (torque) is maximized and the bond between the powder particles in the mortar is strongest, so that the strength development of the mortar is improved.
The amount of water for obtaining the mortar in the capillary state is 28 to 32%, preferably 28 to 30%, when the water reducing agent is not included, in terms of water / cement ratio, and includes the water reducing agent. , Preferably 23 to 30%, more preferably 24 to 30%. When the amount of water is out of the above range, it is difficult to obtain a mortar in a capillary state, and the strength development and bleeding reduction effect may be reduced.
However, for the sake of more accuracy, the amount of water may be determined by, for example, the following procedures (a) to (c).
(A) A mixture of cement and fine aggregate is put into a Hobart mixer.
(B) Water is gradually added to the mixture and kneaded, and the load current applied to the mixer motor at that time is measured as the load resistance.
(C) In the relationship between the mass ratio of water / the mixture and the load current value, the mass ratio at which the load current value is maximized is determined, and this value is determined as the amount of water.

また、モルタル混練工程においてキャピラリ―状態のモルタルを混練する場合、好ましくはモルタルがキャピラリ―状態になった後、そのまま60秒以上混練を継続する。該時間が60秒未満では強度発現性やブリーディングの低減効果が低下する場合がある。また、該時間の上限は好ましくは120秒、より好ましくは100秒である。該上限が120秒を超えると、コンクリートの製造効率やブリーディングの低減効果が低下するおそれがある。
なお、モルタルがキャピラリ―状態になった時点は、混練トルクが最大になった時点として把握できる。
When kneading mortar in a capillary state in the mortar kneading step, kneading is preferably continued as it is for 60 seconds or more after the mortar is in the capillary state. If the time is less than 60 seconds, the strength development and bleeding reduction effect may be reduced. The upper limit of the time is preferably 120 seconds, more preferably 100 seconds. If the upper limit exceeds 120 seconds, the concrete production efficiency and bleeding reduction effect may be reduced.
The time when the mortar enters the capillary state can be grasped as the time when the kneading torque becomes maximum.

(5)常圧蒸気養生方法
該養生方法は、前養生工程、昇温工程、最高温度保持工程、および降温工程からなり、引き続き常温での養生がさらに必要な場合は後養生工程を含む。
前記前養生工程における前養生時間は、好ましくは60分以下である。後記の実施例に示すように、60分以下でも強度発現性が高い点が本発明特有の効果である。なお、該時間の下限は、より好ましくは20分、さらに好ましくは30分、特に好ましくは40分である。また、前養生の温度は常温でよい。
前記昇温工程における昇温速度は、好ましくは30℃/時間以下である。該速度がこの範囲であれば強度発現性は良好である。なお、該速度は、より好ましくは25℃/時間以下、さらに好ましくは20℃/時間以下であり、その下限は10℃/時間である。
強度発現性と製造効率の観点から、前記最高温度保持工程における最高温度は、好ましくは60〜80℃、より好ましくは65〜80℃であり、最高温度の保持時間は、好ましくは2〜6時間、より好ましくは3〜5時間である。
前記降温工程における降温速度は、通常、自然の冷却速度(自然冷却)でよい。また、前記後養生工程は、強度発現性等の観点から必要に応じて実施する。
前記蒸気養生の全時間は、強度発現性と製造効率の観点から、好ましくは3〜8時間、より好ましくは4〜7時間、さらに好ましくは5〜6時間である。
なお、前記養生方法はモルタルの製造方法のほか、後記のコンクリートの製造方法にも適用することができる。
(5) Normal-pressure steam curing method The curing method includes a pre-curing step, a temperature raising step, a maximum temperature holding step, and a temperature lowering step, and further includes a post-curing step when further curing at normal temperature is necessary.
The pre-curing time in the pre-curing step is preferably 60 minutes or less. As shown in the examples described later, the effect of the present invention is that the strength is high even in 60 minutes or less. The lower limit of the time is more preferably 20 minutes, still more preferably 30 minutes, and particularly preferably 40 minutes. Moreover, the temperature of pre-curing may be normal temperature.
The heating rate in the heating step is preferably 30 ° C./hour or less. If the speed is within this range, the strength development is good. The rate is more preferably 25 ° C./hour or less, still more preferably 20 ° C./hour or less, and the lower limit is 10 ° C./hour.
From the viewpoint of strength development and production efficiency, the maximum temperature in the maximum temperature holding step is preferably 60 to 80 ° C, more preferably 65 to 80 ° C, and the maximum temperature holding time is preferably 2 to 6 hours. More preferably, it is 3 to 5 hours.
The cooling rate in the cooling step is usually a natural cooling rate (natural cooling). Moreover, the said post-curing process is implemented as needed from viewpoints, such as intensity | strength expression property.
The total time of the steam curing is preferably 3 to 8 hours, more preferably 4 to 7 hours, and further preferably 5 to 6 hours from the viewpoint of strength development and production efficiency.
The curing method can be applied to a concrete production method described later in addition to a mortar production method.

2.コンクリートの製造方法
該製造方法は、前記のとおり、前記モルタル混練工程の後に、該モルタルに粗骨材および二次水を投入してコンクリートを混練するコンクリート混練工程を含み、かつ、常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間が60分以下であることを特徴とする方法である。以下、粗骨材、二次水、コンクリート、およびコンクリートの混練方法の順に説明する。
(1)粗骨材
該粗骨材は砂利、砕石、スラグ粗骨材、および軽量粗骨材等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。また、粗骨材は、前記細骨材と同様に、天然骨材のほか再生骨材を用いることができる。
(2)二次水
該二次水は、前記水(一次水)と同様に、コンクリートの強度や流動性等の物性に悪影響を与えないものであれば用いることができ、例えば、水道水、下水処理水、生コンクリートの上澄水等が挙げられる。また、該二次水は、コンクリートの流動性や、水/セメント比の低減によりコンクリートの強度を高めるために、好ましくは、高性能AE減水剤、高性能減水剤、AE減水剤等から選ばれる1種以上の減水剤を含む。ここで、前記減水剤の種類は、ポリカルボン酸、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、メラミンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、リグニンスルホン酸、およびこれらのナトリウム塩やカルシウム塩等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
また、モルタルの混練には、より多くの水(一次水)が必要であるため、二次水の量は、一次水100質量部に対し、好ましくは30〜90質量部、より好ましくは40〜80質量部である。
2. Method for Producing Concrete As described above, the production method includes, after the mortar kneading step, a concrete kneading step in which coarse aggregate and secondary water are added to the mortar to knead the concrete, and atmospheric steam curing is performed. In this method, the pre-curing time is 60 minutes or less. Hereinafter, the coarse aggregate, the secondary water, the concrete, and the concrete kneading method will be described in this order.
(1) Coarse aggregate The coarse aggregate includes at least one selected from gravel, crushed stone, slag coarse aggregate, lightweight coarse aggregate, and the like. As the coarse aggregate, similar to the fine aggregate, regenerated aggregate can be used in addition to natural aggregate.
(2) Secondary water Like the water (primary water), the secondary water can be used as long as it does not adversely affect the physical properties such as strength and fluidity of concrete. For example, tap water, Examples include sewage treated water and fresh concrete supernatant. The secondary water is preferably selected from a high performance AE water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent and the like in order to increase the strength of the concrete by reducing the fluidity of the concrete and the water / cement ratio. Contains one or more water reducing agents. Here, the kind of the water reducing agent includes at least one selected from polycarboxylic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfonic acid, and sodium salts and calcium salts thereof. .
Moreover, since more water (primary water) is required for kneading mortar, the amount of secondary water is preferably 30 to 90 parts by mass, more preferably 40 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of primary water. 80 parts by mass.

(3)コンクリート
本発明の製造方法が対象とするコンクリートは、例えば、普通コンクリート、暑中コンクリート、寒中コンクリート、マスコンクリート、流動化コンクリート、高流動コンクリート、高強度コンクリート、低発熱コンクリート、膨張コンクリート、プレストレストコンクリート、低収縮コンクリート、繊維補強コンクリート、軽量コンクリート、およびポリマーコンクリート等が挙げられる。
(3) Concrete The concrete targeted by the production method of the present invention is, for example, ordinary concrete, summer concrete, cold concrete, mass concrete, fluidized concrete, high fluid concrete, high strength concrete, low heat concrete, expanded concrete, prestressed Concrete, low shrinkage concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, lightweight concrete, polymer concrete and the like can be mentioned.

(4)コンクリートの混練方法
該方法として、前記モルタルに対し、
(i)粗骨材を投入して混練した後、二次水を投入して再度混練する、
(ii)二次水を投入して混練した後、粗骨材を投入して再度混練する、および、
(iii)粗骨材と二次水を投入した後、一括して混練する
等の方法が挙げられる。これらの中で、製造効率の観点から(iii)が好ましい。ここで、二次混練に用いる混練装置は特に限定されず、強制練りミキサ、重力式ミキサ等が使用できる。
前記コンクリート混練工程における混練時間は、好ましくは20〜100秒である。該時間が20秒未満では均質なコンクリートを製造することが難しく、100秒を超えると製造効率が低下する。なお、該時間は、より好ましくは30〜80秒、さらに好ましくは30〜60秒である。
また、二次水の量は、セメント組成物の設計強度を満たす水/セメント比に基づき求めた全水量から、前記一次水量を引いた質量である。
前記コンクリートの混練は、モルタルの混練と同じ場所(同じミキサ)で行うほか、例えば、バッチャプラントのミキサでモルタルを混練した後、トラックアジテータ車等の運搬手段によりコンクリートの打設場所(現場)へ搬送して、該打設場所で行ってもよい。さらに、コンクリートの混練は、トラックアジテータ車等のミキシング機能を有する運搬手段において、コンクリートの運搬中に行ってもよい。
(4) Concrete kneading method As the method, for the mortar,
(i) After the coarse aggregate is charged and kneaded, the secondary water is charged and kneaded again.
(ii) after adding secondary water and kneading, then adding coarse aggregate and kneading again, and
(iii) After adding the coarse aggregate and secondary water, a method of kneading in a lump may be used. Among these, (iii) is preferable from the viewpoint of production efficiency. Here, the kneading apparatus used for the secondary kneading is not particularly limited, and a forced kneading mixer, a gravity mixer, or the like can be used.
The kneading time in the concrete kneading step is preferably 20 to 100 seconds. If the time is less than 20 seconds, it is difficult to produce homogeneous concrete, and if it exceeds 100 seconds, the production efficiency is lowered. The time is more preferably 30 to 80 seconds, still more preferably 30 to 60 seconds.
The amount of secondary water is the mass obtained by subtracting the primary water amount from the total water amount determined based on the water / cement ratio that satisfies the design strength of the cement composition.
The concrete is kneaded in the same place (same mixer) as the mortar kneading. For example, after the mortar is kneaded by a mixer in a batcher plant, it is transported to a concrete placing place (site) by a transport means such as a truck agitator car. It may be carried and carried out at the placement site. Furthermore, the mixing of the concrete may be performed while the concrete is being transported by a transporting means having a mixing function such as a truck agitator vehicle.

3.その他
本発明において用いる一次水および二次水は、前記減水剤以外に、収縮低減剤、AE剤、水和熱抑制剤、白華防止剤、遅延剤、硬化促進剤等の混和剤を含んでもよい。また、本発明により製造するセメント組成物は、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、石炭灰、シリカフューム、石灰石粉末、シリカ質粉末等の混和材を含むことができる。該混和材は、好ましくはモルタルの混練工程において、その全量を投入する。これにより、該混和材はモルタル中に均質に分散し易くなる。
3. Others The primary water and secondary water used in the present invention may contain admixtures such as a shrinkage reducing agent, an AE agent, a hydration heat inhibitor, a whitening inhibitor, a retarder, and a curing accelerator in addition to the water reducing agent. Good. The cement composition produced according to the present invention may contain admixtures such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, coal ash, silica fume, limestone powder, and siliceous powder. The admixture is preferably charged in its entirety in the mortar kneading step. Thereby, this admixture becomes easy to disperse | distribute uniformly in mortar.

以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されない。
1.使用材料
(1)セメント
エコセメント、普通ポルトランドセメント(いずれも太平洋セメント社製)
(2)細骨材、粗骨材
陸砂(静岡県掛川市産)、砂岩砕石(茨城県桜川市産)
(3)高性能減水剤
マスターグレニウム 8000S(登録商標、ポリカルカルボン酸塩、BASFジャパン社製)
(4)水
水道水
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
1. Materials used (1) Cement Eco-cement, ordinary Portland cement (both made by Taiheiyo Cement)
(2) Fine aggregate, coarse aggregate Land sand (from Kakegawa City, Shizuoka Prefecture), crushed sandstone (from Sakuragawa City, Ibaraki Prefecture)
(3) High-performance water reducing agent Master Grenium 8000S (registered trademark, polycarboxylate, manufactured by BASF Japan)
(4) Water Tap water

2.セメント組成物の圧縮強度とひび割れ
表1に示す配合に従い、20℃の試験室内で、セメントと細骨材を強制練りミキサに投入し20秒間混練(空練)した後、減水剤を含む一次水を添加して引き続き混練した。なお、モルタルはキャピラリ―状態(ミキサのトルクが最大)になった後、さらに90秒間混練して製造した。また、前記一次水の量はモルタルがキャピラリー状態になるように調整して決定した。
続けて、表1に示す配合に従い、前記モルタルに、粗骨材と、減水剤を含む二次水を投入して30秒間混練しコンクリートを製造した。なお、一次水と二次水中の減水剤の含有率は同一にした。
また、比較のため、表1に示す配合に従い、従来の混練方法を用いてセメント組成物を製造した。具体的には、セメントおよび細骨材、または、セメント、細骨材および粗骨材を強制練りミキサに投入し20秒間混練(空練)した後、減水剤を含む水を添加して120秒間混練しセメント組成物を製造した。
次に、前記セメント組成物をそれぞれ型枠に打設し、前養生を表1に示す時間行った後、20℃/時間で昇温して65℃に達したら、そのまま3時間温度を保持し、その後、自然冷却させて常圧蒸気養生を行い供試体を得た。
前記セメント組成物の圧縮強度は、それぞれJIS A 1142「モルタルの圧縮強度試験方法」およびJIS A 1108「コンクリートの圧縮強度試験方法」に準拠して測定した。また、蒸けによるセメント組成物のひび割れは目視により観察した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
2. Compressive strength and cracking of cement composition According to the composition shown in Table 1, cement and fine aggregate were forcedly mixed into a mixer at 20 ° C and kneaded (empty) for 20 seconds, followed by primary water containing a water reducing agent. And then kneaded. The mortar was manufactured by kneading for 90 seconds after reaching the capillary state (maximum mixer torque). The amount of the primary water was determined by adjusting so that the mortar was in a capillary state.
Subsequently, in accordance with the formulation shown in Table 1, coarse aggregate and secondary water containing a water reducing agent were added to the mortar and kneaded for 30 seconds to produce concrete. In addition, the content rate of the water reducing agent in primary water and secondary water was made the same.
For comparison, a cement composition was produced using a conventional kneading method according to the formulation shown in Table 1. Specifically, cement and fine aggregate, or cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are put into a forced kneading mixer and kneaded for 20 seconds (empty kneading), and then water containing a water reducing agent is added for 120 seconds. A cement composition was produced by kneading.
Next, each of the cement compositions was placed on a mold, and precuring was performed for the time shown in Table 1, then the temperature was raised at 20 ° C./hour and reached 65 ° C., and the temperature was maintained for 3 hours. Thereafter, the specimen was naturally cooled and subjected to normal pressure steam curing to obtain a specimen.
The compressive strength of the cement composition was measured in accordance with JIS A 1142 “Method for testing compressive strength of mortar” and JIS A 1108 “Method for testing compressive strength of concrete”, respectively. Moreover, the crack of the cement composition by steaming was observed visually. These results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2015083526
Figure 2015083526

表1に示すように、実施例1、2のモルタルや実施例3、4のコンクリートの圧縮強度は、セメントがエコセメントや普通ポルトランドセメントのいずれの場合でも、比較例1〜4と比べ、脱型時において42〜47%、材齢14日において8〜10%向上する。
また、蒸けによるひび割れは、比較例1〜3において発生するが、実施例1〜4では発生していない。
したがって、本発明のセメント組成物の製造方法によれば、前養生時間が60分以下と短くてもセメント組成物の強度発現性は向上し、また、蒸けによるひび割れは発生しない。
As shown in Table 1, the compressive strengths of the mortars of Examples 1 and 2 and the concretes of Examples 3 and 4 are higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 regardless of whether the cement is eco-cement or ordinary Portland cement. It improves by 42 to 47% at the time of molding and by 8 to 10% at 14 days of age.
Moreover, although cracks due to steam are generated in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, they are not generated in Examples 1 to 4.
Therefore, according to the method for producing a cement composition of the present invention, even if the pre-curing time is as short as 60 minutes or less, the strength development of the cement composition is improved and cracking due to steaming does not occur.

Claims (5)

セメント、細骨材および水をミキサに投入してモルタルを混練するモルタル混練工程を含み、かつ、常圧蒸気養生における前養生時間が60分以下である、セメント組成物の製造方法。   A method for producing a cement composition, comprising a mortar kneading step in which cement, fine aggregate and water are put into a mixer to knead the mortar, and the pre-curing time in atmospheric steam curing is 60 minutes or less. 前記モルタル混練工程の後に、該モルタルに粗骨材および二次水を投入してコンクリートを混練するコンクリート混練工程を含む、請求項1に記載のコンクリートの製造方法。   The method for producing concrete according to claim 1, further comprising a concrete kneading step in which coarse aggregate and secondary water are added to the mortar to knead the concrete after the mortar kneading step. 請求項1に記載の水および/または請求項2に記載の二次水が減水剤を含む、請求項1または2に記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。   The method for producing a cement composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water according to claim 1 and / or the secondary water according to claim 2 contains a water reducing agent. 前記モルタル混練工程において、モルタルがキャピラリ―状態になった後、さらに60秒以上混練を継続する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。   The method for producing a cement composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, in the mortar kneading step, kneading is continued for 60 seconds or more after the mortar is in a capillary state. 前記セメントがエコセメントである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のセメント組成物の製造方法。   The method for producing a cement composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cement is ecocement.
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JP2021020315A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-02-18 太平洋セメント株式会社 Method for producing lightweight concrete
JP7474142B2 (en) 2020-07-13 2024-04-24 株式会社トクヤマ Manufacturing method of cement-based hardened body

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JPH0313302A (en) * 1989-06-10 1991-01-22 Kajima Corp Improving method of slump value of fresh concrete
JPH09309754A (en) * 1996-03-18 1997-12-02 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Cement admixture and cement composition
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021020315A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-02-18 太平洋セメント株式会社 Method for producing lightweight concrete
JP7295733B2 (en) 2019-07-24 2023-06-21 太平洋セメント株式会社 Method for manufacturing lightweight concrete
JP7474142B2 (en) 2020-07-13 2024-04-24 株式会社トクヤマ Manufacturing method of cement-based hardened body

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