JP2015001354A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Air conditioner Download PDF

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JP2015001354A
JP2015001354A JP2013127089A JP2013127089A JP2015001354A JP 2015001354 A JP2015001354 A JP 2015001354A JP 2013127089 A JP2013127089 A JP 2013127089A JP 2013127089 A JP2013127089 A JP 2013127089A JP 2015001354 A JP2015001354 A JP 2015001354A
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heater
air conditioner
temperature
heating
air
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JP5676691B2 (en
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有賀　徹
Toru Ariga
徹 有賀
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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Priority to JP2013127089A priority Critical patent/JP5676691B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/053755 priority patent/WO2014203559A1/en
Priority to US14/889,258 priority patent/US20160109161A1/en
Priority to CA2911492A priority patent/CA2911492A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/12—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/87—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units
    • F24F11/871—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units by controlling outdoor fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/34—Heater, e.g. gas burner, electric air heater
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/13—Hot air central heating systems using heat pumps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To support heating performance of an air conditioner by operating a heater according to a situation, to thereby perform comfortable heating.SOLUTION: When an ambient temperature is low, while heating with a heater 2 is main heating, an air conditioner 1 performs heating operation. When the ambient temperature is high, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is main heating, and the heater 2 performs heating in an auxiliary manner. During the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 is firstly turned off before a room temperature reaches a setting temperature. That is, the heater 2 is turned on for a longer time as the ambient temperature is lower.

Description

本発明は、空気調和機および加熱機により暖房を行う空気調和装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air conditioner and an air conditioner that performs heating with a heater.

空気調和機の暖房運転において、外気温が低いとき、暖房能力が不足する。この能力不足を補うために、特許文献１に記載のように、補助用の加熱機として、ヒータが設けられる。低外気温時に、空気調和機の冷凍サイクルによる暖房運転と同時にヒータによる暖房が行われる。ヒータの作動により、空気調和機の暖房能力不足を補うことができる。   In the heating operation of the air conditioner, when the outside air temperature is low, the heating capacity is insufficient. In order to compensate for this lack of capacity, as described in Patent Document 1, a heater is provided as an auxiliary heater. Heating by the heater is performed simultaneously with the heating operation by the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner at a low outside air temperature. By operating the heater, it is possible to make up for the lack of heating capacity of the air conditioner.

特開２０００−３０４３３１号公報JP 2000-304331 A

空気調和機の暖房運転時、ヒータが同時に作動するが、必要以上の暖房能力が出ないように、ヒータのオンとオフが切り換えられる。すなわち、空気調和機が暖房運転を行っている間、室温が上がって、設定温度に達した後、空気調和機の圧縮機が停止し、ヒータもオフされる。室温が下がると、空気調和機とともにヒータも作動する。ヒータがオンすることにより、室温が上がりすぎる。そのため、空気調和機の圧縮機やヒータが頻繁にオンオフすることになり、不要に電力を消費し、省エネルギを実現できない。   During the heating operation of the air conditioner, the heaters are operated simultaneously, but the heaters are switched on and off so that the heating capacity is not more than necessary. That is, while the air conditioner is performing the heating operation, after the room temperature rises and reaches the set temperature, the compressor of the air conditioner is stopped and the heater is also turned off. When the room temperature decreases, the heater operates together with the air conditioner. When the heater turns on, the room temperature rises too much. For this reason, the compressor and heater of the air conditioner are frequently turned on and off, consuming electric power unnecessarily and not realizing energy saving.

本発明は、上記に鑑み、状況に応じて加熱機を作動させることにより、空気調和機の暖房能力を補って、快適な暖房を行える空気調和装置の提供を目的とする。   In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can perform comfortable heating by supplementing the heating capacity of the air conditioner by operating the heater according to the situation.

本発明の空気調和装置は、圧縮機を駆動して空調運転を行う空気調和機と、空気調和機に連動して作動する加熱機とから構成される空気調和装置であって、外気温が第１の所定温度未満のとき、加熱機による暖房をメイン暖房として、空気調和機が暖房運転を行い、外気温が第１の所定温度以上のとき、空気調和機の暖房運転をメイン暖房として、加熱機による暖房を補助暖房とするものである。   An air conditioner of the present invention is an air conditioner that includes an air conditioner that drives a compressor to perform an air conditioning operation, and a heater that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner. When the temperature is lower than 1, the heating by the heater is used as the main heating, and the air conditioner performs the heating operation. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner is used as the main heating. Heating by the machine is auxiliary heating.

外気温が第１の所定温度未満のとき（外気温が低いとき）には、空気調和機の暖房能力が低いので、加熱機がメインになって暖房を行う。外気温が第１の所定温度以上のとき（外気温が高いとき）には、空気調和機の暖房能力も高いので、加熱機は、空気調和機による暖房を補う。このように、状況に応じて加熱機が暖房を補うことにより、室温が早く上がる。短時間で室温を設定温度にすることができ、省エネルギを図れる。   When the outside air temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature (when the outside air temperature is low), since the heating capacity of the air conditioner is low, the heating machine becomes the main and performs heating. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature (when the outside air temperature is high), the heating capacity of the air conditioner is also high, so the heater supplements the heating by the air conditioner. In this way, the room temperature rises quickly as the heater supplements the heating according to the situation. The room temperature can be set to the set temperature in a short time, and energy saving can be achieved.

空気調和機の暖房運転中、室温が設定温度に達する前に加熱機がオフするようにすることが好ましい。このようにすれば、加熱機のオフ後は、空気調和機による暖房だけとなり、室温の変化を抑えながら暖房できる。   During the heating operation of the air conditioner, it is preferable that the heater is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature. If it does in this way, after turning off a heater, it will be only heating by an air conditioner, and it can heat, suppressing change of room temperature.

暖房運転中に加熱機がオフするときの停止温度は、外気温に応じて設定され、設定温度と停止温度との差は、外気温が低いほど小さいことが好ましい。このようにすれば、外気温が低いほど、加熱機は空気調和機の低い暖房能力を十分に補え、室温を早く上げることができる。   The stop temperature when the heater is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is preferably smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. In this way, the lower the outside air temperature is, the more the heater can compensate for the low heating capacity of the air conditioner and the room temperature can be raised faster.

空気調和機は、圧縮機の回転数を高効率範囲あるいは最大回転数にして暖房運転を行うようにすることが好ましい。このようにすれば、空気調和機の暖房能力を最大現に発揮させることができ、室温の上昇を速やかに図れる。   It is preferable that the air conditioner performs the heating operation in a high efficiency range or a maximum rotation speed of the compressor. In this way, the heating capacity of the air conditioner can be maximized and the room temperature can be quickly raised.

外気温が第２の所定温度より低くなったとき、空気調和機は暖房運転を停止して、送風運転を行い、加熱機が作動するようにすることが好ましい。第２の所定温度は第１の所定温度よりも低い。このようにすれば、外気温が所定温度より低くなると、空気調和機を保護するために、空気調和機は暖房運転を行わない。そこで、加熱機のみが作動して、代わりに暖房を行う。   When the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, the air conditioner preferably stops the heating operation, performs the air blowing operation, and causes the heater to operate. The second predetermined temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature. In this way, when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the predetermined temperature, the air conditioner does not perform the heating operation in order to protect the air conditioner. Therefore, only the heater operates, and heating is performed instead.

本発明によると、空気調和機による暖房に加えて、加熱機を有効に活用できるので、室温は早く上昇させることができる。これにより、暖房時の消費電力を低減できる。   According to the present invention, in addition to heating by an air conditioner, the heater can be used effectively, so that the room temperature can be raised quickly. Thereby, the power consumption at the time of heating can be reduced.

本発明の空気調和装置の構成図Configuration diagram of the air conditioner of the present invention 空気調和機の冷凍サイクルの概略構成図Schematic configuration diagram of air conditioner refrigeration cycle 空気調和装置の制御ブロック図Control block diagram of air conditioner 外気温毎の加熱機の停止温度を示す図The figure which shows the stop temperature of the heater for every outside temperature 空気調和装置の暖房時の動作を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows the operation | movement at the time of heating of an air conditioning apparatus. 加熱機のオンオフのタイミングを示す図The figure which shows the timing of ON / OFF of the heater

第１の実施形態の空気調和装置を図１に示す。空気調和装置は、空気調和機１と加熱機２とから構成される。図２に示すように、空気調和機１は、室外機と室内機とが配管および配線により接続されて構成される。室外機は、圧縮機３、四方弁４、室外熱交換器５、絞り装置６、室外ファン７を備える。室内機は、室内熱交換器８、室内ファン９を備える。圧縮機３、四方弁４、室外熱交換器５、絞り装置６、室内熱交換器８により冷凍サイクルが形成される。なお、絞り装置６として、膨張弁を使用しているが、キャピラリチューブなどを使用してもよい。   The air conditioning apparatus of 1st Embodiment is shown in FIG. The air conditioner includes an air conditioner 1 and a heater 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting an outdoor unit and an indoor unit by piping and wiring. The outdoor unit includes a compressor 3, a four-way valve 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, an expansion device 6, and an outdoor fan 7. The indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger 8 and an indoor fan 9. A refrigeration cycle is formed by the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the expansion device 6, and the indoor heat exchanger 8. Although the expansion valve is used as the expansion device 6, a capillary tube or the like may be used.

加熱機２は、室内機と同じ室内に設置される。なお、加熱機２は、空気調和機１の内部に設けられてもよい。例えば、空気調和機１の吸込口から吹出口に至る送風路内に、加熱機２が設けられる。   The heater 2 is installed in the same room as the indoor unit. The heater 2 may be provided inside the air conditioner 1. For example, the heater 2 is provided in the ventilation path from the inlet of the air conditioner 1 to the outlet.

空気調和機１と加熱機２とは互いに通信可能とされ、加熱機２は、空気調和機１の指示により作動する。図１（ａ）に示すように、空気調和機１と加熱機２との間に、中継器１０が設けられる。中継器１０は、空気調和機１および加熱機２に接続される。中継器１０は、通信機能を有し、空気調和機１と加熱機２とは中継器１０を介して間接的に通信を行う。あるいは、図１（ｂ）に示すように、空気調和機１に中継器１０が接続され、加熱機２に中継器１０ａが接続され、各中継器１０，１０ａは無線あるいは赤外線による通信機能を有する。なお、空気調和機１および加熱機２は、中継器１０を介さずに、無線あるいは有線によって直接通信を行ってもよい。   The air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 can communicate with each other, and the heater 2 operates according to an instruction from the air conditioner 1. As shown in FIG. 1A, a repeater 10 is provided between the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2. The repeater 10 is connected to the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2. The repeater 10 has a communication function, and the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 communicate indirectly via the repeater 10. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1B, a repeater 10 is connected to the air conditioner 1, a repeater 10a is connected to the heater 2, and each repeater 10, 10a has a wireless or infrared communication function. . Note that the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 may communicate directly or wirelessly without using the repeater 10.

図３に示すように、空気調和機１は、冷凍サイクルを制御して、冷房、暖房、除湿などの空調運転を行う制御装置２０を備えている。室外機に、例えばサーミスタなどの外気温検出器２１が設けられ、室内機に、例えばサーミスタなどの室温検出器２２が設けられる。制御装置２０は、指定された空調運転に応じて、各温度検出器２１，２２によって検出された温度に基づいて圧縮機３の回転、絞り装置６の開度、室外ファン７の回転、室内ファン９の回転をそれぞれ制御する。   As shown in FIG. 3, the air conditioner 1 includes a control device 20 that controls the refrigeration cycle and performs air conditioning operations such as cooling, heating, and dehumidification. The outdoor unit is provided with an outside air temperature detector 21 such as a thermistor, and the indoor unit is provided with a room temperature detector 22 such as a thermistor. The control device 20 rotates the compressor 3, the opening degree of the expansion device 6, the rotation of the outdoor fan 7, the indoor fan based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detectors 21 and 22 according to the designated air conditioning operation. Each of the 9 rotations is controlled.

制御装置２０は、ユーザにより設定された設定温度あるいは自動運転モード時に予め設定された設定温度と検出された室温、外気温に基づいて、ＣＯＰが高くなるように圧縮機３の回転数を決める。そして、圧縮機３の回転数に対応して、室内ファン９の回転数が決定される。制御装置２０は、決められた回転数で圧縮機３を制御し、室温に応じて圧縮機３の回転数を変化させるとともに、圧縮機３の回転数に応じた回転数に基づいて室内ファン９を制御する。   Based on the set temperature set by the user or the preset temperature set in the automatic operation mode and the detected room temperature and outside air temperature, the control device 20 determines the rotation speed of the compressor 3 so that the COP becomes high. Then, the rotational speed of the indoor fan 9 is determined in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor 3. The control device 20 controls the compressor 3 at a determined rotational speed, changes the rotational speed of the compressor 3 in accordance with the room temperature, and based on the rotational speed in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor 3, the indoor fan 9. To control.

加熱機２は、通電により発熱するヒータ２３と、ヒータ２３への通電を切り換える駆動部２４とを備えている。駆動部２４がヒータ２３への通電を切り換えることにより、加熱機２がオンオフする。そして、空気調和装置の暖房運転モードにおいて、空気調和機１は、暖房運転時に加熱機２の作動を制御する。空気調和機１と加熱機２との間に中継器１０が介在している場合、空気調和機１の制御装置２０が加熱機２に対する駆動信号を出力すると、駆動信号は中継器１０を通じて加熱機２に伝送される。加熱機２の駆動部２４は、駆動信号を受け取ると、駆動信号に応じて通電オンと通電オフとを切り換える。空気調和装置による暖房において、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、暖房運転と同時に加熱機２をオンし、室温が停止温度に達したら加熱機２をオフする。加熱機２は圧縮機３よりも早くオフする。   The heater 2 includes a heater 23 that generates heat when energized, and a drive unit 24 that switches energization to the heater 23. When the drive unit 24 switches the energization to the heater 23, the heater 2 is turned on and off. And in the heating operation mode of the air conditioner, the air conditioner 1 controls the operation of the heater 2 during the heating operation. When the repeater 10 is interposed between the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2, when the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 outputs a drive signal to the heater 2, the drive signal is transmitted through the repeater 10 to the heater. 2 is transmitted. When receiving the drive signal, the drive unit 24 of the heater 2 switches between energization on and energization off according to the drive signal. In heating by the air conditioner, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 turns on the heater 2 simultaneously with the heating operation, and turns off the heater 2 when the room temperature reaches the stop temperature. The heater 2 is turned off earlier than the compressor 3.

ここで、加熱機２がオフするタイミングは外気温に応じて異なる。外気温が高い場合、加熱機２がオフするタイミングは早く、外気温が低い場合、加熱機２がオフするタイミングは遅い。すなわち、外気温が低いとき、空気調和機１は暖房運転を行うが、加熱機２による暖房がメイン暖房とされる。外気温が高いとき、空気調和機１の暖房運転をメイン暖房として、加熱機２による暖房が補助暖房となる。なお、外気温が例えば−１５℃より低いとき、圧縮機３などの機器を保護するために、空気調和機１は、暖房運転を行わず、送風運転を行い、加熱機２だけがオンする。   Here, the timing at which the heater 2 is turned off varies depending on the outside air temperature. When the outside air temperature is high, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is early, and when the outside temperature is low, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is late. That is, when the outside air temperature is low, the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation, but the heating by the heater 2 is the main heating. When the outside air temperature is high, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is set as main heating, and the heating by the heater 2 is auxiliary heating. When the outside air temperature is lower than, for example, −15 ° C., the air conditioner 1 performs the air blowing operation without performing the heating operation, and only the heater 2 is turned on in order to protect the devices such as the compressor 3.

加熱機２がオフするタイミングは、外気温に応じて決められ、図４に示すように、加熱機２がオフするときの停止温度は、暖房により上昇した室温が設定温度に達する前とされる。具体的には、停止温度は、設定温度より所定温度だけ低い温度とされる。所定温度は外気温が低いほど小さい値とされ、設定温度と停止温度との差は外気温が低いほど小さい。   The timing at which the heater 2 is turned off is determined according to the outside air temperature, and as shown in FIG. 4, the stop temperature when the heater 2 is turned off is before the room temperature increased by heating reaches the set temperature. . Specifically, the stop temperature is a temperature lower than the set temperature by a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature is set to a smaller value as the outside air temperature is lower, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower.

例えば、外気温が１０℃以上のとき、停止温度は、設定温度−４℃に設定される。外気温が５℃以上、１０℃未満のとき、停止温度は、設定温度−３℃に設定される。外気温が−５℃以上、５℃未満のとき、停止温度は、設定温度−２℃に設定される。外気温が−１５℃以上、−５℃未満（第１の所定温度未満）のとき、停止温度は、設定温度−１℃に設定される。なお、外気温が−１５℃未満（第２の所定温度未満）のとき、加熱機２だけがオンするので、停止温度は設定温度とされる。したがって、外気温が低いとみなされる外気温が−５℃未満のとき、空気調和機１の暖房能力が小さいので、加熱機２による暖房がメインとなり、空気調和機１は補助の暖房となる。外気温が高いとみなされる外気温が−５℃以上のとき、空気調和機１の暖房運転がメインとなり、加熱機２による暖房が補助暖房となる。ここで、第１の所定温度の決め方の一例について説明する。空気調和機の暖房能力は、外気温が低くなるにつれて低下していく。その暖房能力が６０％程度の能力となってしまう外気温を第１の所定温度とする。外気温が大体−８℃前後が目安になるが、本実施の形態においては、−５℃と少し余裕を持たせている。空気調和装置の性能や使用地域に応じて、第１の所定温度は変更可能とされる。   For example, when the outside air temperature is 10 ° C. or higher, the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −4 ° C. When the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or higher and lower than 10 ° C., the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −3 ° C. When the outside air temperature is -5 ° C or higher and lower than 5 ° C, the stop temperature is set to the set temperature -2 ° C. When the outside air temperature is −15 ° C. or higher and lower than −5 ° C. (lower than the first predetermined temperature), the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −1 ° C. Note that when the outside air temperature is less than −15 ° C. (less than the second predetermined temperature), only the heater 2 is turned on, so the stop temperature is set to the set temperature. Therefore, when the outside air temperature at which the outside air temperature is regarded as low is less than −5 ° C., the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is small, so that the heating by the heater 2 is the main, and the air conditioner 1 is auxiliary heating. When the outside air temperature at which the outside air temperature is considered to be high is −5 ° C. or higher, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is main, and the heating by the heater 2 is auxiliary heating. Here, an example of how to determine the first predetermined temperature will be described. The heating capacity of the air conditioner decreases as the outside air temperature decreases. The outside air temperature at which the heating capacity is about 60% is set as the first predetermined temperature. The outside air temperature is roughly around -8 ° C, but in the present embodiment, -5 ° C is given a little margin. The first predetermined temperature can be changed according to the performance of the air conditioner and the area of use.

なお、停止温度は予め設定されているが、停止温度は変更可能としてもよい。ユーザが空気調和機１のリモコンを操作して、停止温度を変更する。あるいは中継器１０に温度切替ボタンが設けられ、ユーザが温度切替ボタンを操作することにより、停止温度が変更される。   Although the stop temperature is set in advance, the stop temperature may be changeable. The user operates the remote controller of the air conditioner 1 to change the stop temperature. Alternatively, the relay 10 is provided with a temperature switching button, and the stop temperature is changed by the user operating the temperature switching button.

また、空気調和機１が暖房運転を行うと同時に加熱機２がオンする暖房運転モードでは、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、圧縮機３の回転数が高効率範囲になるように圧縮機３を制御する。高効率範囲の回転数は、ＣＯＰが最高効率となるときの回転数を含む所定の範囲内の回転数である。圧縮機３の回転数がこの範囲内にあるとき、空気調和機１は高効率な運転を行うことができる。   Further, in the heating operation mode in which the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation and at the same time the heater 2 is turned on, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 is configured so that the rotation speed of the compressor 3 is in the high efficiency range. 3 is controlled. The number of revolutions in the high efficiency range is a number of revolutions within a predetermined range including the number of revolutions when the COP has the highest efficiency. When the rotation speed of the compressor 3 is within this range, the air conditioner 1 can perform highly efficient operation.

上記の空気調和装置による暖房を行うときの動作を図５に示す。ユーザがリモコンなどにより空気調和機１の暖房運転モードを開始する操作をすると、制御装置２０は、外気温検出器２１により外気温を検知する（Ｓ１）。   FIG. 5 shows the operation when heating is performed by the air conditioner. When the user performs an operation of starting the heating operation mode of the air conditioner 1 with a remote controller or the like, the control device 20 detects the outside air temperature by the outside air temperature detector 21 (S1).

外気温が第２の所定温度（−１５℃）未満のとき、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、圧縮機３を停止させたまま送風運転を行い、加熱機２をオンする。空気調和機１は加熱機２にオン信号を出力し、オン信号を受けた加熱機２はオンする（Ｓ２）。加熱機２による暖房が行われ、室温が上がっていく。空気調和機１が送風運転するとき、制御装置２０は、ユーザが設定した風速にしたがって室内ファン９を制御する。風速設定が自動の場合、制御装置２０は、微風になるように室内ファン９を制御する。   When the outside air temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature (−15 ° C.), the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 performs the air blowing operation while the compressor 3 is stopped, and turns on the heater 2. The air conditioner 1 outputs an on signal to the heater 2, and the heater 2 that has received the on signal is turned on (S2). Heating by the heater 2 is performed, and the room temperature increases. When the air conditioner 1 performs a blowing operation, the control device 20 controls the indoor fan 9 according to the wind speed set by the user. When the wind speed setting is automatic, the control device 20 controls the indoor fan 9 so as to obtain a breeze.

外気温が−１５℃以上のとき、制御装置２０は、圧縮機３をオンして暖房運転を開始するとともに、加熱機２をオンする（Ｓ３）。加熱機２による暖房と空気調和機１の高効率な暖房運転が行われる。制御装置２０は、検知された外気温に基づいて加熱機２の停止温度を確認して、室温をチェックする。暖房開始時の室温が停止温度より高いとき、加熱機２はオンされず、空気調和機１の暖房運転だけが行われる。   When the outside air temperature is −15 ° C. or higher, the control device 20 turns on the compressor 3 to start the heating operation, and turns on the heater 2 (S3). Heating by the heater 2 and highly efficient heating operation of the air conditioner 1 are performed. The control device 20 checks the stop temperature of the heater 2 based on the detected outside air temperature and checks the room temperature. When the room temperature at the start of heating is higher than the stop temperature, the heater 2 is not turned on, and only the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is performed.

室温が上がって、停止温度に達する（Ｓ４）と、制御装置２０は、加熱機２をオフする。空気調和機が加熱機２にオフ信号を出力すると、加熱機２はオフする（Ｓ５）。空気調和機１の暖房運転は継続される。室温が設定温度に達する（Ｓ６）と、制御装置２０は、圧縮機３を停止させて、送風運転を行う（Ｓ７）。   When the room temperature rises and reaches the stop temperature (S4), the control device 20 turns off the heater 2. When the air conditioner outputs an off signal to the heater 2, the heater 2 is turned off (S5). The heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is continued. When the room temperature reaches the set temperature (S6), the control device 20 stops the compressor 3 and performs the air blowing operation (S7).

室温が設定温度よりも下がると、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、圧縮機３をオンして暖房運転を再開する。室温が停止温度よりも低下したとき、制御装置２０は、加熱機２をオンする。図６に示すように、加熱機２がオンするときの室温は、停止温度よりも一定温度、例えば０．５℃だけ低い温度とされる。   When the room temperature falls below the set temperature, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 turns on the compressor 3 and restarts the heating operation. When the room temperature falls below the stop temperature, the control device 20 turns on the heater 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the room temperature when the heater 2 is turned on is set to a constant temperature, for example, 0.5 ° C. lower than the stop temperature.

なお、空気調和機１の暖房運転中、外気温が変化したとき、制御装置２０は外気温に応じて停止温度を変更する。変更された停止温度に基づいて、加熱機２がオンオフされる。外気温が−１５℃未満になると、制御装置２０は、圧縮機３をオフして、暖房運転を停止する。このとき、加熱機２がオフしていると、加熱機２がオンされる。   When the outside air temperature changes during the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the control device 20 changes the stop temperature according to the outside air temperature. The heater 2 is turned on / off based on the changed stop temperature. When the outside air temperature becomes less than −15 ° C., the control device 20 turns off the compressor 3 and stops the heating operation. At this time, if the heater 2 is turned off, the heater 2 is turned on.

また、空気調和機１が暖房運転しているとき、室外熱交換器５に霜がつく。そのため、暖房運転が停止され、除霜運転が行われる。除霜運転時、制御装置２０は、加熱機２のオンとオフとを繰り返し、加熱機２を間欠的に作動させる。除霜運転が開始されると、加熱機２がオンされる。一定時間、例えば３分経過すると、加熱機２がオフされる。さらに一定時間経過すると、加熱機２がオンされる。除霜運転が終了するまで、加熱機２のオンオフが繰り返される。これにより、除霜運転中の温度低下を防ぐことができる。また、加熱機２をオンオフすることにより、室温が上がり過ぎることを防げる。   Moreover, when the air conditioner 1 is heating, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is frosted. Therefore, the heating operation is stopped and the defrosting operation is performed. During the defrosting operation, the control device 20 repeatedly turns the heater 2 on and off, and operates the heater 2 intermittently. When the defrosting operation is started, the heater 2 is turned on. When a certain time, for example, 3 minutes elapses, the heater 2 is turned off. Further, when a certain time has elapsed, the heater 2 is turned on. Until the defrosting operation is completed, the heater 2 is repeatedly turned on and off. Thereby, the temperature fall during a defrost operation can be prevented. Moreover, it can prevent that room temperature goes up too much by turning on and off the heater 2. FIG.

上記のように、外気温が低いとき、室温も低いので、加熱機２のオン時間が長くなる。このように、加熱機２がメインで暖房を行うことにより、空気調和機１の暖房能力が低い状況において、加熱機２による暖房を大いに活用でき、室温を早く上げることができる。一方、外気温が高いときには、室温が低い状況において、加熱機２による暖房を空気調和機１の暖房能力に付加できるので、室温を早く上昇させることができる。そのため、加熱機２が早くオフして、加熱機２のオン時間は短くなり、しかも空気調和機１は高効率な暖房運転を行うので、省エネルギを図ることができる。また、室温が設定温度近くにあるとき、加熱機２はオフしているので、室温が上がり過ぎることがない。そのため、圧縮機３が頻繁にオンオフすることを抑制でき、安定した温度調節を行うことができる。   As described above, since the room temperature is low when the outside air temperature is low, the on-time of the heater 2 becomes long. Thus, when the heater 2 performs heating mainly, in the situation where the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, heating by the heater 2 can be greatly utilized, and the room temperature can be raised quickly. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is high, heating by the heater 2 can be added to the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 in a situation where the room temperature is low, so that the room temperature can be raised quickly. Therefore, the heater 2 is turned off early, the on-time of the heater 2 is shortened, and the air conditioner 1 performs a highly efficient heating operation, so that energy saving can be achieved. Further, when the room temperature is close to the set temperature, the heater 2 is turned off, so that the room temperature does not rise too much. Therefore, it can suppress that the compressor 3 turns on and off frequently, and can perform stable temperature control.

加熱機２がオンして、空気調和機１が暖房運転を行うとき、圧縮機３を最大回転数で駆動してもよい。圧縮機３が最大回転数で駆動されることにより、圧縮機３は最大能力を発揮し、圧縮機３を高効率で作動させる状況にすばやくすることができる。これに伴って加熱機２をオフするタイミングを早めることができ、省エネルギを図れる。   When the heater 2 is turned on and the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation, the compressor 3 may be driven at the maximum number of rotations. By driving the compressor 3 at the maximum number of revolutions, the compressor 3 exhibits its maximum capacity and can be quickly brought into a situation where the compressor 3 is operated with high efficiency. In connection with this, the timing which turns off the heater 2 can be advanced, and energy saving can be aimed at.

ところで、空気調和機１が加熱機２を作動させるためには、空気調和機１は、加熱機２があることを認識しなければならない。加熱機２が中継器１０を介して空気調和機１に接続される場合、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、中継器１０が接続端子に接続されていることを検知したとき、加熱機２があると判断する。制御装置２０は、加熱機２を認識すると、加熱機２に駆動信号を出力する。   By the way, in order for the air conditioner 1 to operate the heater 2, the air conditioner 1 must recognize that the heater 2 exists. When the heater 2 is connected to the air conditioner 1 via the repeater 10, when the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 detects that the repeater 10 is connected to the connection terminal, the heater 2 Judge that there is. When the controller 20 recognizes the heater 2, it outputs a drive signal to the heater 2.

図１（ｂ）に示すように、２つの中継器１０，１０ａの間で無線通信が行われる場合、空気調和機１は、間欠的に駆動信号を加熱機２に出力する。加熱機２がオンしているとき、空気調和機１の制御装置２０は、オン信号を一定間隔で出力する。例えば、１分毎にオン信号が出力される。加熱機２がオフしているとき、制御装置２０は、オフ信号を一定間隔で出力する。例えば、１０分毎にオフ信号が出力される。加熱機２は、空気調和機１から駆動信号を受け取ると、次の駆動信号が来るまで、最後に受け取った駆動信号による指示にしたがって作動する。また、空気調和機１と加熱機２とが直接、無線通信を行う場合でも、同様に駆動信号が定期的に出力される。   As illustrated in FIG. 1B, when wireless communication is performed between the two repeaters 10 and 10 a, the air conditioner 1 intermittently outputs a drive signal to the heater 2. When the heater 2 is on, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 outputs an on signal at regular intervals. For example, an ON signal is output every minute. When the heater 2 is off, the control device 20 outputs an off signal at regular intervals. For example, an off signal is output every 10 minutes. When receiving the drive signal from the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 operates according to the instruction by the last received drive signal until the next drive signal is received. Further, even when the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 directly perform wireless communication, similarly, a drive signal is periodically output.

ノイズ等により加熱機２が正常に駆動信号を受け取れなかった場合でも、空気調和機１が加熱機２と継続的に通信を行うことにより、加熱機２は次の駆動信号を受け取ることができる。したがって、空気調和機１の暖房運転に応じて、加熱機２の制御が確実に行うことができる。また、加熱機２のオフ時における駆動信号の出力の間隔はオン時の出力間隔よりも長くされ、消費電力を減らすことができる。   Even when the heater 2 cannot normally receive the drive signal due to noise or the like, the heater 2 can receive the next drive signal by the air conditioner 1 continuously communicating with the heater 2. Therefore, the heater 2 can be reliably controlled according to the heating operation of the air conditioner 1. Further, the output interval of the drive signal when the heater 2 is off is made longer than the output interval when the heater 2 is on, so that power consumption can be reduced.

以上の通り、本発明の空気調和装置は、圧縮機３を駆動して空調運転を行う空気調和機１と、空気調和機１に連動して作動する加熱機２とから構成され、外気温が第１の所定温度未満のとき、加熱機２による暖房をメイン暖房として、空気調和機１が暖房運転を行い、外気温が第１の所定温度以上のとき、空気調和機１の暖房運転をメイン暖房として、加熱機２による暖房を補助暖房とする。   As described above, the air conditioner of the present invention includes the air conditioner 1 that drives the compressor 3 to perform an air conditioning operation, and the heater 2 that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner 1, and has an outside air temperature. When the temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature, the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation with the heating by the heater 2 as the main heating, and when the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is the main heating operation. As heating, heating by the heater 2 is set as auxiliary heating.

外気温が低くて、空気調和機１の暖房能力が低いときには、加熱機２がメインになって、室温を設定温度近くまで上げる。外気温が高くて、空気調和機１の暖房能力が高いときには、空気調和機１がメインとなって暖房を行い、運転開始時などの室温が低いときに加熱機２がオンすることにより、室温を早く上げることができる。   When the outside air temperature is low and the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, the heater 2 becomes the main and raises the room temperature to near the set temperature. When the outside air temperature is high and the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is high, the air conditioner 1 is mainly used for heating, and the heater 2 is turned on when the room temperature is low, such as at the start of operation. Can be raised quickly.

空気調和機１の暖房運転中、室温が設定温度に達する前に加熱機２がオフする。したがって、室温が上昇する過程において、加熱機２は、圧縮機よりも先にオフする。   During the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature. Therefore, in the process in which the room temperature rises, the heater 2 is turned off before the compressor.

すなわち、暖房が開始されると、空気調和機１と加熱機２とが同時に作動し、室温が設定温度に達する前に加熱機２がオフし、外気温が高いとき、加熱機２がオフするタイミングは早く、外気温が低いとき、加熱機２がオフするタイミングは遅い。   That is, when heating is started, the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 operate simultaneously, the heater 2 is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature, and the heater 2 is turned off when the outside air temperature is high. The timing is early, and when the outside air temperature is low, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is late.

暖房運転中に加熱機２がオフするときの停止温度は、外気温に応じて設定され、設定温度と停止温度との差は、外気温が低いほど小さい。したがって、加熱機２は、外気温が低いほど長くオンする。外気温が低いとき、室温も低い。室温が停止温度まで上がるのに、時間がかかる。そのため、加熱機２のオン時間は長くなる。外気温が高いとき、室温も高いので、すぐに停止温度まで室温が上がる。そのため、加熱機２のオン時間は短くなる。   The stop temperature when the heater 2 is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. Therefore, the heater 2 is turned on longer as the outside air temperature is lower. When the outside temperature is low, the room temperature is also low. It takes time for the room temperature to rise to the stop temperature. Therefore, the ON time of the heater 2 becomes long. When the outside temperature is high, the room temperature is also high, so the room temperature immediately rises to the stop temperature. Therefore, the ON time of the heater 2 is shortened.

空気調和機１は、圧縮機３の回転数を高効率範囲あるいは最大回転数にして暖房運転を行う。空気調和機１の暖房能力を最大限発揮させることができ、室温を早く上昇させることができる。   The air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation with the rotation speed of the compressor 3 within a high efficiency range or the maximum rotation speed. The heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 can be maximized, and the room temperature can be raised quickly.

外気温が第２の所定温度より低くなったとき、空気調和機１の暖房運転が停止される。すなわち、空気調和機１は圧縮機３を停止して、送風運転を行い、加熱機２が作動する。外気温が第２の所定温度より低いときに、空気調和機１が暖房運転を行うと、故障の原因となる。空気調和機１の送風運転は可能なので、加熱機２により暖められた空気を撹拌できる。ここでの送風運転としては、暖房運転モードが継続されたまま、圧縮機３を停止して、室内ファン９を駆動して送風する状態を想定している。なお、暖房運転モードを停止し、送風運転モードにするようにしてもよい。   When the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is stopped. That is, the air conditioner 1 stops the compressor 3, performs a ventilation operation, and the heater 2 operates. If the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation when the outside air temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, it causes a failure. Since the air operation of the air conditioner 1 is possible, the air warmed by the heater 2 can be agitated. As the air blowing operation here, it is assumed that the compressor 3 is stopped and the indoor fan 9 is driven to blow while the heating operation mode is continued. The heating operation mode may be stopped and the air blowing operation mode may be set.

空気調和機１が除霜運転を行うとき、加熱機２は間欠的に作動する。すなわち、除霜運転が開始されると、加熱機２は一定時間毎にオンとオフを繰り返す。加熱機２がオンすることにより、室温の低下を防止できる。また、加熱機２がオフすることにより、室温が上がり過ぎることも防げる。   When the air conditioner 1 performs the defrosting operation, the heater 2 operates intermittently. That is, when the defrosting operation is started, the heater 2 is repeatedly turned on and off at regular intervals. When the heater 2 is turned on, a decrease in room temperature can be prevented. Moreover, it can prevent that room temperature goes up too much by the heater 2 turning off.

空気調和機１と加熱機２とは間接的あるいは直接的に通信可能とされ、加熱機２は、空気調和機１の指示により作動する。空気調和機１は、室温に応じて加熱機２のオンオフを制御する。空気調和機１が暖房運転を開始するとき、空気調和機１の指示により、加熱機２がオンする。室温が停止温度になると、空気調和機１の指示により、加熱機２がオフする。加熱機２に特別な機能を付加することなく、市販の機器を利用することができる。   The air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 can be communicated indirectly or directly, and the heater 2 operates according to an instruction from the air conditioner 1. The air conditioner 1 controls on / off of the heater 2 according to room temperature. When the air conditioner 1 starts the heating operation, the heater 2 is turned on by an instruction from the air conditioner 1. When the room temperature reaches the stop temperature, the heater 2 is turned off by an instruction from the air conditioner 1. Commercial equipment can be used without adding a special function to the heater 2.

第２の実施形態について説明する。第１の実施形態では、空気調和機１におけるヒートポンプによる暖房運転と加熱機２による暖房とを併用したが、外気温が低いとき、空気調和機１の暖房能力は低いので、加熱機２のみを作動させてもよい。そして、加熱機２の暖房により室温が上がると、加熱機２をオフして、空気調和機１が暖房運転を開始する。空気調和機１によって設定温度まで室温を少しだけ上げればよく、空気調和機１の暖房能力が低くても、十分に暖房を行える。   A second embodiment will be described. In 1st Embodiment, although the heating operation by the heat pump in the air conditioner 1 and the heating by the heater 2 were used together, since the heating capability of the air conditioner 1 is low when the outside air temperature is low, only the heater 2 is used. It may be activated. And if room temperature goes up by heating of the heater 2, the heater 2 will be turned off and the air conditioner 1 will start heating operation. The air conditioner 1 only needs to raise the room temperature to the set temperature by a small amount, and even if the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, sufficient heating can be performed.

第３の実施形態について説明する。第１、第２の実施形態では、１つの加熱機２を用いたが、加熱機２は１つに限らず、複数の加熱機２を設ける。このとき、外気温に応じて作動させる加熱機２の個数を変える。外気温が低いほど、多くの加熱機２が作動する。また、暖房運転中、複数の加熱機２がオンしているとき、室温が上がるにつれて、オンしている加熱機２を減らしていく。例えば、室温が停止温度に近づくにつれて、加熱機２を順にオフしていく。また、発熱量を可変できる加熱機２を用いてもよい。室温が上がるにつれて、加熱機２の発熱量を下げていく。   A third embodiment will be described. In the first and second embodiments, one heater 2 is used, but the number of heaters 2 is not limited to one, and a plurality of heaters 2 are provided. At this time, the number of heaters 2 to be operated is changed according to the outside air temperature. As the outside air temperature is lower, more heaters 2 are operated. Further, when the plurality of heaters 2 are turned on during the heating operation, the number of heaters 2 that are turned on is decreased as the room temperature rises. For example, the heater 2 is sequentially turned off as the room temperature approaches the stop temperature. Moreover, you may use the heater 2 which can vary the emitted-heat amount. As the room temperature rises, the heating value of the heater 2 is lowered.

第４の実施形態について説明する。第１〜第３の実施形態では、 加熱機２は空気調和機１によって制御されているが、加熱機２が自らオンオフを制御する。空気調和機１が暖房運転を開始するとき、空気調和機１は、運転開始の情報と外気温の情報を加熱機２に出力する。加熱機２は室温検出器を備え、加熱機２は、これらの情報を受け取るとオンする。加熱機２は、室温を検知して、室温が停止温度になると、自動的にオフする。   A fourth embodiment will be described. In 1st-3rd embodiment, although the heater 2 is controlled by the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 controls on-off itself. When the air conditioner 1 starts the heating operation, the air conditioner 1 outputs operation start information and outside air temperature information to the heater 2. The heater 2 includes a room temperature detector, and the heater 2 is turned on when receiving these pieces of information. The heater 2 detects the room temperature and automatically turns off when the room temperature reaches the stop temperature.

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内で上記実施形態に多くの修正および変更を加え得ることは勿論である。加熱機２として、ガス、灯油などの燃焼を利用した暖房機器を用いてもよい。各実施形態では、室温が設定温度に達すると、空気調和機１は送風運転を行うが、送風運転を行わなくてもよい。また、室外機に加熱機２を設けてもよい。この加熱機２が圧縮機３から吐出された冷媒を温めることにより、高温の冷媒を室内熱交換器に供給でき、室温を早く上昇させることができる。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, many corrections and changes can be added to the said embodiment within the scope of the present invention. As the heater 2, a heater that uses combustion of gas, kerosene, or the like may be used. In each embodiment, when the room temperature reaches the set temperature, the air conditioner 1 performs the blowing operation, but the blowing operation may not be performed. Moreover, you may provide the heater 2 in an outdoor unit. When the heater 2 warms the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3, the high-temperature refrigerant can be supplied to the indoor heat exchanger, and the room temperature can be raised quickly.

除霜運転時、室温に応じて加熱機２をオンするタイミングとオフするタイミングを変更する。例えば、室温が高い場合、加熱機２をオフする時間が長くされ、室温が低い場合、加熱機２をオンする時間を長くする。   During the defrosting operation, the timing for turning on and the timing for turning off the heater 2 are changed according to the room temperature. For example, when the room temperature is high, the time for turning off the heater 2 is lengthened, and when the room temperature is low, the time for turning on the heater 2 is lengthened.

１ 空気調和機
２ 加熱機
３ 圧縮機
４ 四方弁
５ 室外熱交換器
６ 絞り装置
７ 室外ファン
８ 室内熱交換器
９ 室内ファン
１０ 中継器
２０ 制御装置
２１ 外気温検出器
２２ 室温検出器
２３ ヒータ
２４ 駆動部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioner 2 Heater 3 Compressor 4 Four-way valve 5 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 Throttle device 7 Outdoor fan 8 Indoor heat exchanger 9 Indoor fan 10 Relay device 20 Control device 21 Outdoor temperature detector 22 Room temperature detector 23 Heater 24 Drive part

Claims (5)

圧縮機を駆動して空調運転を行う空気調和機と、空気調和機に連動して作動する加熱機とから構成される空気調和装置であって、外気温が第１の所定温度未満のとき、加熱機による暖房をメイン暖房として、空気調和機が暖房運転を行い、外気温が第１の所定温度以上のとき、空気調和機の暖房運転をメイン暖房として、加熱機による暖房を補助暖房とすることを特徴とする空気調和装置。 An air conditioner that includes an air conditioner that performs air-conditioning operation by driving a compressor, and a heater that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner, and the outside air temperature is less than a first predetermined temperature, Heating by the heater is the main heating, the air conditioner performs the heating operation, and when the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner is the main heating, and the heating by the heater is the auxiliary heating. An air conditioner characterized by that. 空気調和機の暖房運転中、室温が設定温度に達する前に加熱機がオフすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の空気調和装置。 The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heater is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature during the heating operation of the air conditioner. 暖房運転中に加熱機がオフするときの停止温度は、外気温に応じて設定され、設定温度と停止温度との差は、外気温が低いほど小さいことを特徴とする請求項２記載の空気調和装置。 3. The air according to claim 2, wherein the stop temperature when the heater is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. Harmony device. 空気調和機は、圧縮機の回転数を高効率範囲あるいは最大回転数にして暖房運転を行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。 The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioner performs a heating operation with a rotation speed of the compressor within a high efficiency range or a maximum rotation speed. 外気温が第２の所定温度より低くなったとき、空気調和機は暖房運転を停止して、送風運転を行い、加熱機が作動することを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。 The air conditioner stops the heating operation and performs the air blowing operation when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, and the heater operates. Air conditioner.
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CN113498470B (en) * 2019-04-17 2023-05-02 法雷奥热***公司 Method for controlling a thermal management device of a motor vehicle
US11933529B2 (en) 2019-04-17 2024-03-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Method for controlling a thermal management device of a motor vehicle

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