JP2015000462A - Bolt fastening method and bolt fastening device - Google Patents
Bolt fastening method and bolt fastening device Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015000462A JP2015000462A JP2013127215A JP2013127215A JP2015000462A JP 2015000462 A JP2015000462 A JP 2015000462A JP 2013127215 A JP2013127215 A JP 2013127215A JP 2013127215 A JP2013127215 A JP 2013127215A JP 2015000462 A JP2015000462 A JP 2015000462A
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ボルト締結方法及びボルト締結装置に関し、特に軸心方向締結側へ移動可能に付勢された押圧部材によってボルトの姿勢を矯正可能なボルト締結方法及びボルト締結装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a bolt fastening method and a bolt fastening device, and more particularly to a bolt fastening method and a bolt fastening device that can correct the posture of a bolt by a pressing member that is urged so as to be movable toward an axial direction fastening side.
従来より、車両等の量産組立を行う場合、ボルトの頭部にソケット(ビットとも言う)の嵌合穴を嵌合させ、モータ等の回転駆動手段によって回転駆動されたソケットを下降させることにより、ボルトによる複数ワークの締結を行なっている。
ボルトによるワーク締結時、ネジ穴へボルトを仮置きした際、ボルトがネジ穴の軸心に対して傾斜状態で配置されることも少なくない。ボルトをネジ穴の軸心方向に対して傾斜状態のまま締結した場合、ボルトの噛りや焼き付きを生じ、締結作業性が低下する。
そこで、ボルトの傾斜締結防止を目的とした技術が種々提案されている。
Conventionally, when mass production assembly of a vehicle or the like is performed, by fitting a fitting hole of a socket (also referred to as a bit) to the head of a bolt and lowering a socket that is rotationally driven by a rotational driving means such as a motor, Multiple workpieces are fastened with bolts.
When a bolt is temporarily placed in a screw hole when the workpiece is fastened, the bolt is often arranged in an inclined state with respect to the axis of the screw hole. When the bolt is fastened while being tilted with respect to the axial direction of the screw hole, the bolt is bitten or seized, and fastening workability is reduced.
Therefore, various techniques for preventing the bolts from being inclined are proposed.
特許文献1のボルト締結装置は、ソケットと、このソケットを回転可能に保持するケースと、ソケットを回転駆動する回転駆動手段とを備え、ケースに、ボルトが傾斜状態で回転するときにボルト頭部の側面に接触してボルトの傾斜を矯正する接触部材を設けている。
これにより、ボルトがソケットと共回りしても、接触部材がボルトをネジ穴の軸心方向に収束するように誘導してボルトの傾斜を矯正することができる、
The bolt fastening device of Patent Document 1 includes a socket, a case that rotatably holds the socket, and a rotation driving means that rotationally drives the socket, and the bolt head when the bolt rotates in an inclined state. The contact member which corrects the inclination of a volt | bolt by contacting the side surface of this is provided.
Thereby, even if the bolt rotates together with the socket, the contact member can guide the bolt to converge in the axial direction of the screw hole and correct the inclination of the bolt.
特許文献2のボルト締結装置は、ソケットの嵌合穴に嵌装されたナットをボルトに押し付けた状態で、ナットを回転駆動手段により反締結(螺脱)方向に逆回転させた後、ソケットを締結方向に正回転させてナットをボルトに締結している。
これにより、反締結方向の回転でボルトとナットのうち一方の軸心を他方の軸心に一致するように補正することができ、ボルトとナットとの傾斜締結を防止している。
In the bolt fastening device of Patent Document 2, in a state where the nut fitted in the fitting hole of the socket is pressed against the bolt, the nut is reversely rotated in the anti-fastening (screwing) direction by the rotation driving means, and then the socket is moved. The nut is fastened in the fastening direction to fasten the nut to the bolt.
Thereby, it can correct | amend so that one axial center of a volt | bolt and a nut may correspond with the other axial center by rotation of a counter fastening direction, and the inclination fastening of a volt | bolt and a nut is prevented.
特許文献1のボルト締結装置は、接触部材がネジ穴の軸心に対して直交方向に延びるように設けられているため、ネジ穴がワークの比較的端部に形成されている場合には適用することができる。しかし、ワーク形状によっては、ネジ穴がワークの端部よりも内側位置に形成されていることもあり、このような場合、ワークの端部を迂回してボルト頭部に接触する接触部材を設けることは容易ではない。
しかも、特許文献1のボルト締結装置では、締結方向の正回転によりボルトをネジ穴の軸心方向へ誘導しているため、ボルトの姿勢矯正が完了する前段階でボルトとネジ穴との噛み合いが発生する可能性もあり、ボルトの噛り等を確実に防止できない虞がある。
The bolt fastening device disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is applied when the screw hole is formed at a relatively end of the workpiece because the contact member is provided so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the screw hole. can do. However, depending on the workpiece shape, the screw hole may be formed at a position inside the end of the workpiece. In such a case, a contact member that bypasses the end of the workpiece and contacts the bolt head is provided. It is not easy.
Moreover, in the bolt fastening device of Patent Document 1, since the bolt is guided in the axial direction of the screw hole by the positive rotation in the fastening direction, the engagement between the bolt and the screw hole is completed before the bolt posture correction is completed. There is a possibility that it may occur, and there is a possibility that the biting of the bolt cannot be reliably prevented.
特許文献2のボルト締結装置は、反締結方向の逆回転によりナット(またはボルト)の姿勢矯正を行うため、姿勢矯正完了の前段階においてボルトとナットとの噛み合いの発生を防止することができ、ボルトの噛り等を防止できる。
しかし、特許文献2のボルト締結装置では、予め作業者が手作業によってナット(またはボルト)をソケットの嵌合穴に嵌装する必要があるため、作業者による作業工程が増加し、締結作業性が低下する虞がある。
Since the bolt fastening device of Patent Document 2 corrects the posture of the nut (or bolt) by reverse rotation in the anti-fastening direction, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of meshing between the bolt and the nut before the posture correction is completed. Bolt biting can be prevented.
However, in the bolt fastening device disclosed in Patent Document 2, since it is necessary for the operator to manually insert a nut (or bolt) into the fitting hole of the socket in advance, the work process by the operator increases, and the fastening workability is increased. May decrease.
本発明の目的は、締結作業性を向上しつつ、ボルトの傾斜締結を確実に防止できるボルト締結方法及びボルト締結装置を提供することである。 The objective of this invention is providing the bolt fastening method and bolt fastening apparatus which can prevent the inclination fastening of a bolt reliably, improving a fastening workability | operativity.
請求項1のボルト締結方法は、ボルトの頭部に嵌合可能な嵌合穴が形成されたソケット部を有する締結装置によりワークのネジ穴に前記ボルトを締結するボルト締結方法において、予め、前記ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢された押圧部材を前記嵌合穴から突出するように前記ソケット部内部に設け、前記ネジ穴にボルトを仮置きすると共に前記ソケット部を前記ネジ穴の軸心と同軸状に配置する配置工程と、前記ソケット部を所定距離締結側へ移動させ、前記押圧部材の先端面により前記ボルト頭部の頂面の少なくとも一部を締結側へ付勢した状態で、前記押圧部材を反締結方向に回転させることにより前記ボルトの姿勢を前記ネジ穴の軸心と略同軸となるように矯正する姿勢矯正工程と、前記ソケット部を反締結方向に回転させつつ締結側へ移動させて前記ボルト頭部を前記嵌合穴に嵌合させる嵌合工程と、前記ソケット部を締結方向に回転させて前記ボルトを前記ネジ穴に締結させる締結工程とを備えたことを特徴としている。 The bolt fastening method according to claim 1 is a bolt fastening method in which the bolt is fastened to a screw hole of a workpiece by a fastening device having a socket portion in which a fitting hole that can be fitted to the head of the bolt is formed. A pressing member guided so as to be rotatable integrally with the socket part and movable in the axial direction, wherein the pressing member urged toward the axial direction fastening side projects into the socket part so as to protrude from the fitting hole. An arrangement step of temporarily placing a bolt in the screw hole and arranging the socket part coaxially with an axis of the screw hole; and moving the socket part to a fastening side by a predetermined distance; By rotating at least a part of the top surface of the bolt head to the fastening side by rotating the pressing member in the anti-fastening direction, the posture of the bolt becomes substantially coaxial with the axis of the screw hole. like Correcting posture correction step, fitting step of moving the socket part to the fastening side while rotating the socket part in the anti-fastening direction and fitting the bolt head into the fitting hole, and rotating the socket part in the fastening direction And a fastening step of fastening the bolt to the screw hole.
この請求項1のボルト締結方法では、予め、ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢された押圧部材を嵌合穴から突出するようにソケット部内部に設けているため、ボルトを反締結方向に回転させることによりボルトの軸心をネジ穴の軸心に一致させる姿勢矯正機能と、ボルトを反締結方向に回転させてボルト頭部とソケット部とを相対摺動回転させることによりボルト頭部をソケット部の嵌合穴に誘導して嵌合させる嵌合誘導機能との両機能を確保することができる。 In the bolt fastening method according to the first aspect of the present invention, a pressing member guided in advance so as to be integrally rotatable with the socket portion and movable in the axial direction is fitted, and the pressing member biased toward the axial direction fastening side is fitted. Since it is provided inside the socket so as to protrude from the hole, the posture correction function that aligns the axis of the bolt with the axis of the screw hole by rotating the bolt in the anti-fastening direction, and the bolt rotates in the anti-fastening direction Thus, by rotating the bolt head portion and the socket portion relative to each other, it is possible to secure both functions of a fitting induction function for guiding the bolt head portion to the fitting hole of the socket portion and fitting it.
請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明において、前記姿勢矯正工程における前記ソケット部の回転速度は、前記締結工程における前記ソケット部の回転速度よりも低く設定されることを特徴としている。
請求項3の発明は、請求項1又は2の発明において、前記締結工程は、締結トルクが予め設定された設定締結トルクに達したとき、前記ソケット部の回転を停止し、ソケット部を前記ボルトから締結解除側へ移動させることを特徴としている。
The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the rotational speed of the socket part in the posture correcting step is set lower than the rotational speed of the socket part in the fastening step.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the fastening step stops the rotation of the socket portion when the fastening torque reaches a preset fastening torque, and the socket portion is moved to the bolt. It is characterized by moving to the fastening release side.
請求項4のボルト締結装置は、ボルトの頭部に嵌合可能な嵌合穴が形成されたソケット部を有し、ワークのネジ穴に前記ボルトを締結するボルト締結装置において、前記ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢されて前記嵌合穴から突出するように前記ソケット部内部に設けられた押圧部材と、前記ソケット部を締結方向及び反締結方向に回転駆動可能な回転駆動手段と、前記ソケット部を前記ネジ穴に対して締結側及び締結解除側へ移動可能に駆動する進退駆動手段と、前記押圧部材の先端面により前記ボルト頭部の頂面の少なくとも一部を締結側へ付勢した状態で、前記押圧部材を反締結方向に回転させることにより前記ボルトの姿勢を前記ネジ穴の軸心と略同軸となるように矯正し、前記ソケット部を反締結方向に回転させつつ締結側へ移動させて前記ボルト頭部を前記嵌合穴に嵌合させ、前記ソケット部を締結方向に回転させて前記ボルトを前記ネジ穴に締結させるように前記回転駆動手段と進退駆動手段とを制御する制御手段とを備えたことを特徴としている。 The bolt fastening device according to claim 4 has a socket portion in which a fitting hole that can be fitted to a head portion of the bolt is formed, and the bolt fastening device fastens the bolt to a screw hole of a workpiece. A pressing member guided so as to be integrally rotatable and movable in the axial direction, the pressing member being urged toward the axial direction fastening side and protruding from the fitting hole; Rotation driving means capable of rotationally driving the socket portion in a fastening direction and an anti-fastening direction; advance / retreat driving means for driving the socket portion movably to a fastening side and a fastening release side with respect to the screw hole; In a state where at least a part of the top surface of the bolt head is urged toward the fastening side by the tip surface of the member, the posture of the bolt is changed to the axis of the screw hole by rotating the pressing member in the anti-fastening direction. Almost coaxial The socket is rotated in the anti-fastening direction and moved to the fastening side, the bolt head is fitted into the fitting hole, the socket is rotated in the fastening direction, and the bolt is screwed. Control means for controlling the rotation driving means and the advance / retreat driving means so as to be fastened to the hole is provided.
この請求項4のボルト締結装置では、ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢されて嵌合穴から突出するようにソケット部内部に設けられた押圧部材を備えているため、請求項1と同様に、ボルトを反締結方向に回転させることによりボルトの軸心をネジ穴の軸心に一致させる姿勢矯正機能と、ボルトを反締結方向に回転させてボルト頭部とソケット部とを相対摺動回転させることによりボルト頭部をソケット部の嵌合穴に誘導して嵌合させる嵌合誘導機能とを確保することができる。 The bolt fastening device according to claim 4 is a pressing member guided to be rotatable integrally with the socket portion and movable in the axial direction, and is biased toward the axial direction fastening side so as to protrude from the fitting hole. Since the pressing member provided in the socket portion is provided with a posture correction function for aligning the axis of the bolt with the axis of the screw hole by rotating the bolt in the anti-fastening direction. Rotating the bolt in the anti-fastening direction and rotating the bolt head and the socket part relative to each other to ensure a fitting induction function for guiding the bolt head to the fitting hole in the socket part and fitting it. be able to.
請求項5の発明は、請求項4の発明において、前記制御手段が、締結トルクが予め設定された設定締結トルクに達したとき、前記ソケット部の回転を停止可能な締結トルク制御手段を有することを特徴としている。
請求項6の発明は、請求項4又は5の発明において、前記ソケット部が、前記押圧部材を収容可能な収容穴を備え、前記押圧部材が、前記収容穴のうちの押圧部材に対して締結解除側に配設された付勢部材を介して締結側へ付勢されていることを特徴としている。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the invention, the control means includes fastening torque control means capable of stopping the rotation of the socket portion when the fastening torque reaches a preset fastening torque. It is characterized by.
The invention of claim 6 is the invention of claim 4 or 5, wherein the socket portion includes an accommodation hole capable of accommodating the pressing member, and the pressing member is fastened to the pressing member of the accommodation hole. It is characterized by being urged to the fastening side via an urging member disposed on the release side.
請求項7の発明は、請求項4〜6の何れか1項の発明において、前記ソケット部が、前記収容穴を横断するように延びるピン部材を備え、前記押圧部材が、軸心直交方向に形成され且つ前記ピン部材を挿通させた状態で押圧部材の軸心方向への移動を許容するガイド穴を備えたことを特徴としている。
請求項8の発明は、請求項4〜7の発明に何れか1項において、前記回転駆動手段と進退駆動手段とが夫々電動モータを備えていることを特徴としている。
The invention of claim 7 is the invention of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the socket portion includes a pin member extending so as to cross the accommodation hole, and the pressing member is in a direction orthogonal to the axis. A guide hole that is formed and allows the pressing member to move in the axial direction in a state where the pin member is inserted therethrough is provided.
An eighth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in any one of the fourth to seventh aspects of the invention, the rotation drive means and the advance / retreat drive means each include an electric motor.
請求項1の発明によれば、姿勢矯正工程を備えているため、締結工程の前段階でボルトの軸心をネジ穴の軸心に一致させることができ、ボルトの噛りや焼き付きを生じることなく、ボルトの傾斜締結を確実に防止することができる。
また、押圧部材による姿勢矯正動作を利用してボルト頭部をボルトの嵌合穴へ誘導する嵌合工程を備えているため、作業者による嵌合穴へのボルトの嵌装作業を省略でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
According to the invention of claim 1, since the posture correction process is provided, the axis of the bolt can be made coincident with the axis of the screw hole in the previous stage of the fastening process, and the bite and seizure of the bolt do not occur. In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent the bolts from being tilted.
In addition, since it has a fitting process for guiding the bolt head to the fitting hole of the bolt using the posture correction operation by the pressing member, the work of fitting the bolt into the fitting hole by the operator can be omitted. Fastening workability can be improved.
請求項2の発明によれば、傾斜配置されたボルトの姿勢をネジ穴やネジ山の螺旋形状を利用して確実に矯正することができる。
請求項3の発明によれば、締結トルクを精度良く管理でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
According to invention of Claim 2, the attitude | position of the bolt arrange | positioned in inclination can be reliably corrected using the spiral shape of a screw hole or a screw thread.
According to invention of Claim 3, a fastening torque can be managed accurately and fastening workability | operativity can be improved.
請求項4の発明によれば、基本的に請求項1の発明と同様の効果を奏することができる。
請求項5の発明によれば、基本的に請求項3の発明と同様の効果を奏することができる。
請求項6の発明によれば、押圧手段の機能を維持しつつ、コンパクト化と構造の簡単化とを図ることができる。
According to the invention of claim 4, the same effects as those of the invention of claim 1 can be basically obtained.
According to the invention of claim 5, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 3 can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 6, it is possible to achieve compactness and simplification of the structure while maintaining the function of the pressing means.
請求項7の発明によれば、押圧部材の軸心方向締結側への付勢と、押圧部材とソケット部との同期回転とを簡単な構造で両立することができる。
請求項8の発明によれば、回転駆動手段と進退駆動手段とを夫々電動モータを駆動源として作動させることができる。
According to the invention of claim 7, it is possible to achieve both the urging of the pressing member toward the fastening side in the axial direction and the synchronous rotation of the pressing member and the socket portion with a simple structure.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the rotation drive means and the advance / retreat drive means can be operated using the electric motor as a drive source.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について実施例に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described based on examples.
以下、本発明の実施例1について図1〜図8に基づいて説明する。
図1に示すように、本実施例では、第1受台3に載置されたデファレンシャルユニットのリングギヤ5と第2受台4に載置されたギヤケース6とを8本のボルト2によって締結するボルト締結装置1を例として説明する。尚、以下の説明は、ボルト締結方法の説明を含むものである。
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a ring gear 5 of a differential unit placed on the first cradle 3 and a gear case 6 placed on the second cradle 4 are fastened by eight bolts 2. The bolt fastening device 1 will be described as an example. In addition, the following description includes description of the bolt fastening method.
第1受台3の上端部には、リングギヤ5が載置されている。この載置されたリングギヤ5は、第1受台3の上端部の外周面に外嵌され、第1受台3と同心状に配置されている。このリングギヤ5の中心部には、ギヤケース6が圧入される圧入口5aが形成され、上面周縁部には、8個のネジ穴5bが平面視にて同一円状に略等間隔を空けて形成されている。これらのネジ穴5bは、ギヤケース6に設けられた複数のボルト穴6aと夫々重合配置され、リングギヤ5とギヤケース6とを締結するためのボルト2が夫々螺合可能に形成されている。 A ring gear 5 is placed on the upper end of the first cradle 3. The mounted ring gear 5 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the first cradle 3 and is arranged concentrically with the first cradle 3. A pressure inlet 5a into which the gear case 6 is press-fitted is formed in the center portion of the ring gear 5, and eight screw holes 5b are formed in the same circular shape at substantially equal intervals in a plan view. Has been. These screw holes 5b are overlapped with a plurality of bolt holes 6a provided in the gear case 6 so that the bolts 2 for fastening the ring gear 5 and the gear case 6 can be respectively screwed together.
次に、ボルト締結装置1について説明する。
図1,図2に示すように、ボルト締結装置1は、進退駆動モータ11(進退駆動手段)と、回転駆動モータ12(回転駆動手段)と、ソケット部13と、振れ止め部材14と、進退駆動モータ11と回転駆動モータ12とを協調制御する制御盤15(制御手段)等を備えている。
Next, the bolt fastening device 1 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bolt fastening device 1 includes an advance / retreat drive motor 11 (advance / retreat drive means), a rotation drive motor 12 (rotation drive means), a socket portion 13, an anti-sway member 14, and an advance / retreat. A control panel 15 (control means) for cooperatively controlling the drive motor 11 and the rotary drive motor 12 is provided.
進退駆動モータ11は、第1受台3に固定されたベース7に設置され、制御盤15に電気的に接続された電動モータである。この進退駆動モータ11の駆動軸は、下方へ延びる回動部材11aに連結され、この回動部材11aには、進退駆動モータ11の回転に応じて昇降移動可能なスライダ8が設けられている。このスライダ8は、ベース7に形成されたガイドレール7aに沿ってスライド可能にカイドされている。
スライダ8には、支持部材8aを介して回転駆動モータ12が設置されている。
回転駆動モータ12は、制御盤15に電気的に接続された電動モータである。この回転駆動モータ12は、駆動軸に連なるナットランナ軸(以下、N/R軸という)12aを備えている。N/R軸12aは、四角柱状の連結部12bを介してソケット部13と一体的に連結されている。
The advancing / retreating drive motor 11 is an electric motor that is installed on the base 7 fixed to the first cradle 3 and is electrically connected to the control panel 15. The drive shaft of the advance / retreat drive motor 11 is connected to a rotating member 11 a extending downward, and a slider 8 that can be moved up and down according to the rotation of the advance / retreat drive motor 11 is provided on the rotating member 11 a. The slider 8 is slidably guided along a guide rail 7 a formed on the base 7.
The slider 8 is provided with a rotary drive motor 12 via a support member 8a.
The rotation drive motor 12 is an electric motor that is electrically connected to the control panel 15. The rotary drive motor 12 includes a nut runner shaft (hereinafter referred to as an N / R shaft) 12a connected to the drive shaft. The N / R shaft 12a is integrally connected to the socket portion 13 via a quadrangular columnar connecting portion 12b.
ソケット部13は、本体筒部21と、この本体筒部21に収容された押圧部材22と、この押圧部材22を付勢可能な圧縮スプリング23等を備え、共通の軸心Xを有している。
まず、本体筒部21について説明する。
本体筒部21は、嵌合穴21aと、この嵌合穴21aの上側に設けられた収容穴21bと、この収容穴21bの上側に設けられた被連結穴21cと、ピン部材21d等を一体的に有している。
The socket portion 13 includes a main body cylinder portion 21, a pressing member 22 accommodated in the main body cylinder portion 21, a compression spring 23 that can bias the pressing member 22, and the like, and has a common axis X. Yes.
First, the main body cylinder portion 21 will be described.
The main body cylinder portion 21 includes a fitting hole 21a, a receiving hole 21b provided above the fitting hole 21a, a connected hole 21c provided above the receiving hole 21b, a pin member 21d, and the like. Have.
図2,図3,図4に示すように、嵌合穴21aは、本体筒部21の下端部分に同軸状に設けられ、ボルト2の頭部2aに嵌合可能な凹入形状に形成されている。
尚、嵌合穴21aの平面視形状は、ボルト頭部2aに嵌合できれば良く、ボルト頭部2aが一般的な6角形の場合、嵌合穴21aは6角形状の凹入部で良い。
収容穴21bは、本体筒部21の中段部分に同軸円柱状に設けられ、嵌合穴21aに連なるように形成されている。この収容穴21bは、押圧部材22をソケット部13の軸心方向へ移動可能に収容している。収容穴21bの中段部には、収容穴21bを軸心Xに対して直交状に横断するピン部材21dが配設されている。
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the fitting hole 21 a is coaxially provided at the lower end portion of the main body cylinder portion 21 and is formed in a recessed shape that can be fitted to the head portion 2 a of the bolt 2. ing.
Note that the shape of the fitting hole 21a in plan view only needs to be able to be fitted to the bolt head 2a. When the bolt head 2a is a general hexagon, the fitting hole 21a may be a hexagonal recessed portion.
The accommodation hole 21b is provided in the middle stage part of the main body cylinder part 21 in a coaxial cylindrical shape, and is formed so as to be continuous with the fitting hole 21a. The accommodation hole 21 b accommodates the pressing member 22 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the socket portion 13. A pin member 21d that crosses the accommodation hole 21b perpendicularly to the axis X is disposed in the middle portion of the accommodation hole 21b.
図2,図3,図5に示すように、被連結穴21cは、本体筒部21の上端部分に同軸状に設けられ、N/R軸12aの連結部12bに外嵌可能な凹入形状に形成されている。
被連結穴21c(連結部12b)に対応した本体筒部21の上端部分外周を覆うように振れ止め部材14が設けられている。この振れ止め部材14は、筒状に形成され、N/R軸12aと本体筒部21とに一体回転可能に連結されている。
振れ止め部材14は、ソケット部13が回転駆動されたとき、内周面によってソケット部13の先端部に生じる振動を抑制している。
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, the coupled hole 21 c is coaxially provided at the upper end portion of the main body cylinder portion 21, and is a recessed shape that can be externally fitted to the coupling portion 12 b of the N / R shaft 12 a. Is formed.
An anti-sway member 14 is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the main body cylinder portion 21 corresponding to the connected hole 21c (connecting portion 12b). This steadying member 14 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is connected to the N / R shaft 12a and the main body cylindrical portion 21 so as to be integrally rotatable.
The steadying member 14 suppresses vibration generated at the tip of the socket part 13 by the inner peripheral surface when the socket part 13 is rotationally driven.
次に、押圧部材22について説明する。
押圧部材22は、収容穴21b内部に上下方向へ摺動可能に収容され、ソケット部13と一体回転可能且つ軸心X方向へ相対移動可能に案内されている。この押圧部材22には、移動ガイド用のピン穴22a(ガイド穴)と、平坦状の先端面22bとが形成されている。
先端面22bに上方(軸心X方向締結解除側)に向かう荷重が作用しないとき、押圧部材22は、圧縮スプリング23によって下方(軸心X方向締結側)へ付勢されているため、先端面22bが嵌合穴21aの先端部から所定量下方へ突出するように配設されている。
Next, the pressing member 22 will be described.
The pressing member 22 is accommodated in the accommodation hole 21b so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and is guided so as to be rotatable integrally with the socket portion 13 and relatively movable in the axis X direction. The pressing member 22 has a pin hole 22a (guide hole) for movement guide and a flat front end surface 22b.
When a load directed upward (axial center X direction fastening release side) does not act on the distal end surface 22b, the pressing member 22 is urged downward (axial center X direction fastening side) by the compression spring 23. 22b is arrange | positioned so that a predetermined amount may protrude below the front-end | tip part of the fitting hole 21a.
押圧部材22は、円柱状に形成され、その中段部分に軸心Xに対して直交方向に貫通した断面長穴状のピン穴22aが形成されている。このピン穴22aには、ピン部材21dが挿通されている。それ故、ピン部材21dがピン穴22aの上端部に当接したとき、押圧部材22の先端面22bは嵌合穴21aの先端部から下方へ最も離隔し、ピン部材21dがピン穴22aの下端部に当接したとき、押圧部材22の先端面22bは嵌合穴21aの先端部から上方へ最も離隔している。 The pressing member 22 is formed in a columnar shape, and a pin hole 22a having an oblong cross-sectional shape penetrating in a direction orthogonal to the axis X is formed in the middle part thereof. A pin member 21d is inserted through the pin hole 22a. Therefore, when the pin member 21d comes into contact with the upper end portion of the pin hole 22a, the distal end surface 22b of the pressing member 22 is farthest downward from the distal end portion of the fitting hole 21a, and the pin member 21d is the lower end of the pin hole 22a. When abutting against the portion, the front end surface 22b of the pressing member 22 is farthest from the front end of the fitting hole 21a.
次に、圧縮スプリング23について説明する。
圧縮スプリング23は、収容穴21bのうちの押圧部材22に対して上方位置に配設され、押圧部材22を下方に向けて所定の付勢力で付勢している。
この圧縮スプリング23の付勢力は、押圧部材22の先端面22bが傾斜状態のボルト頭部2aを付勢しながら回転したとき、先端面22bとボルト頭部2aとの間に生じた摩擦力でボルト2を回転駆動可能な付勢力に設定されている。
Next, the compression spring 23 will be described.
The compression spring 23 is disposed at an upper position with respect to the pressing member 22 in the accommodation hole 21b, and biases the pressing member 22 downward with a predetermined biasing force.
The biasing force of the compression spring 23 is a frictional force generated between the tip surface 22b and the bolt head 2a when the tip surface 22b of the pressing member 22 rotates while biasing the inclined bolt head 2a. The biasing force is set so that the bolt 2 can be rotationally driven.
次に、制御盤15について説明する。
制御盤15は、CPU、ROM、RAM、複数の動作制御釦等によって構成され(何れも図示略)、姿勢矯正機能と、嵌合誘導機能と、締結機能とを実行可能に構成され、進退駆動モータと回転駆動モータとを協調制御している。
姿勢矯正機能は、ネジ穴5bに仮置きされたボルト2を逆回転(反締結方向回転)させることによって、ボルト2のネジ山とネジ穴5bのネジ山との螺旋形状を利用してボルト2を軸心方向へ移動させることができ、このボルト2の移動状態を利用して押圧部材22の先端面22bにボルト頭部2aの頂面を沿わせるように頂面の一部を付勢することにより、ボルト2の姿勢を押圧部材22の先端面22bを介してネジ穴5bの軸心と一致した鉛直状態に矯正する機能である。
Next, the control panel 15 will be described.
The control panel 15 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a plurality of operation control buttons and the like (all not shown), and is configured to execute an attitude correction function, a fitting guidance function, and a fastening function, and is advanced and retracted. The motor and the rotary drive motor are coordinated and controlled.
The posture correction function uses the spiral shape of the thread of the bolt 2 and the thread of the screw hole 5b by rotating the bolt 2 temporarily placed in the screw hole 5b in the reverse direction (rotating in the anti-fastening direction). Can be moved in the axial direction, and a part of the top surface is urged so that the top surface of the bolt head 2a is aligned with the tip surface 22b of the pressing member 22 by using the moving state of the bolt 2. By this, it is a function which corrects the attitude | position of the volt | bolt 2 to the perpendicular state which corresponded with the axial center of the screw hole 5b via the front end surface 22b of the press member 22. FIG.
嵌合誘導機能は、姿勢矯正後のボルト頭部2aの頂面と嵌合穴21aの先端部とを相対摺動回転させることによって、ボルト頭部2aの平面視形状と嵌合穴21aの平面視形状とを略一致させることができ、このボルト頭部2aの平面視形状とボルト頭部2aの平面視形状とが略一致した状態でソケット部13を下方に移動させることにより、ボルト頭部2aと嵌合穴21aとの嵌合を誘導する機能である。
締結機能は、嵌合穴21aに嵌合されたボルト2を正回転(締結方向回転)させてネジ穴5bに締結する機能である。
The fitting guide function is a plan view of the bolt head 2a and the plane of the fitting hole 21a by rotating the top surface of the bolt head 2a after posture correction and the tip of the fitting hole 21a relative to each other. The bolt head 2a can be substantially matched with the bolt head 2a by moving the socket part 13 downward in a state where the plan view shape of the bolt head 2a and the plan view shape of the bolt head 2a substantially match. This is a function for guiding the fitting between 2a and the fitting hole 21a.
The fastening function is a function of fastening the bolt 2 fitted in the fitting hole 21a in the forward direction (fastening direction) and fastening it to the screw hole 5b.
制御盤15は、締結トルク制御部16(締結トルク制御手段)を備えている。
締結トルク制御部16は、回転駆動モータ12の回転抵抗負荷を検出することによってボルト2の締結トルクを検出し、ボルト2の締結トルクが予め設定された設定締結トルクに達したとき、ソケット部13の回転を停止している。
制御盤15は、ソケット部13の逆回転開始と同時に、ソケット部13の下方移動を停止し、ソケット部13の正回転停止と同時に、ソケット部13の上方移動を開始するように進退駆動モータ11を制御している。
The control panel 15 includes a fastening torque control unit 16 (fastening torque control means).
The fastening torque control unit 16 detects the fastening torque of the bolt 2 by detecting the rotational resistance load of the rotary drive motor 12, and when the fastening torque of the bolt 2 reaches a preset fastening torque, the socket unit 13. Has stopped rotating.
The control panel 15 stops the downward movement of the socket part 13 simultaneously with the start of reverse rotation of the socket part 13, and advances and retracts the drive motor 11 so as to start upward movement of the socket part 13 simultaneously with the forward rotation stop of the socket part 13. Is controlling.
次に、図6のフローチャート、図7のタイムチャート及び図8(a)〜図8(e)の工程図に基づき、制御盤15による制御処理を説明する。なお、図8では、図1に示したギアケース6を省略している。
まず、リングギヤ5の複数のネジ穴5bとギヤケース6の複数のボルト穴6aとを夫々重合させた状態でリングギヤ5とギヤケース6とを第1,第2受台3,4に位置決めした後、ネジ穴5bにボルト2を仮置きする(S1)。このボルト2の仮置き作業は、作業員が行なっても良く、また、ネジ穴5bにボルト2を供給可能なボルト自動供給装置(図示略)を用いてボルト2を仮置きしても良いが、ボルト頭部2aが押圧部材22の先端面22bと当接できる範囲の傾き(例えば、軸中心に対して傾斜角度が10°以内の範囲)に仮置きするのが好ましい。
Next, control processing by the control panel 15 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. 6, the time chart of FIG. 7, and the process diagrams of FIGS. 8A to 8E. In FIG. 8, the gear case 6 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted.
First, after positioning the ring gear 5 and the gear case 6 on the first and second receiving bases 3 and 4 in a state where the plurality of screw holes 5b of the ring gear 5 and the plurality of bolt holes 6a of the gear case 6 are overlapped, respectively, The bolt 2 is temporarily placed in the hole 5b (S1). The temporary placement operation of the bolt 2 may be performed by an operator, or the bolt 2 may be temporarily placed using an automatic bolt supply device (not shown) capable of supplying the bolt 2 to the screw hole 5b. It is preferable that the bolt head 2a is temporarily placed in an inclination (for example, an inclination angle within 10 ° with respect to the axis center) within a range in which the bolt head 2a can contact the tip surface 22b of the pressing member 22.
次に、ソケット部13を締結作業開始位置である初期位置に移動し(S2)、ソケット部13の軸心Xとネジ穴5bの軸心とが一致したか否かを判定する(S3)。S3の判定の結果、ソケット部13の軸心Xとネジ穴5bの軸心とが一致した場合(図7のt0時点)、S4へ移行し、ソケット部13の下降移動を開始する(図8(a)参照)。上記S1,S2が、本発明の配置工程に相当している。 Next, the socket part 13 is moved to the initial position which is the fastening work start position (S2), and it is determined whether or not the axis X of the socket part 13 and the axis of the screw hole 5b coincide (S3). As a result of the determination in S3, when the axial center X of the socket part 13 and the axial center of the screw hole 5b coincide (at time t0 in FIG. 7), the process proceeds to S4 and the downward movement of the socket part 13 is started (FIG. 8). (See (a)). Said S1, S2 is equivalent to the arrangement | positioning process of this invention.
S3の判定の結果、ソケット部13の軸心Xとネジ穴5bの軸心とが一致していない場合、ソケット部13の移動を継続する。本実施例では、ソケット部13と第1,第2受台3,4との位置が予め設定されているため、ソケット部13が最も上昇した位置が初期位置に相当している。 As a result of the determination in S3, when the axis X of the socket part 13 and the axis of the screw hole 5b do not match, the movement of the socket part 13 is continued. In the present embodiment, since the positions of the socket portion 13 and the first and second receiving bases 3 and 4 are set in advance, the position where the socket portion 13 is most elevated corresponds to the initial position.
ソケット部13の下降移動開始後、押圧部材22の先端面22bがボルト頭部2aの頂部に当接したか否か判定する(S5)。
S5の判定の結果、押圧部材22の先端面22bがボルト頭部2aの頂部に当接した場合(図7のt1時点)、S6に移行し、予め設定した所定距離更に下降移動して停止する(図8(b)参照)。この予め設定した所定距離は、押圧部材22が嵌合穴21aの先端部から突出した所定量よりも小さい値に設定されている。
S5の判定の結果、押圧部材22の先端面22bがボルト頭部2aの頂部に当接していない場合、ソケット部13の下降移動を継続する。
After the downward movement of the socket part 13 is started, it is determined whether or not the front end surface 22b of the pressing member 22 is in contact with the top of the bolt head 2a (S5).
As a result of the determination in S5, when the front end surface 22b of the pressing member 22 comes into contact with the top of the bolt head 2a (at time t1 in FIG. 7), the process proceeds to S6, and further moves downward and stops after a predetermined distance. (See FIG. 8 (b)). The predetermined distance set in advance is set to a value smaller than a predetermined amount by which the pressing member 22 protrudes from the tip end portion of the fitting hole 21a.
As a result of the determination in S5, when the distal end surface 22b of the pressing member 22 is not in contact with the top of the bolt head 2a, the downward movement of the socket portion 13 is continued.
ソケット部13の下降移動停止と同時に、タイマーのカウントを開始し(S7)、S8へ移行して、締結回転速度よりも低い所定の回転速度で(例えば10rpm)ソケット部13(と押圧部材22)の逆回転を開始する(図7のt2時点)。
S8のソケット部13の逆回転開始後、第1設定時間(例えば2秒)経過したか否か判定する(S9)。S9の判定の結果、2秒経過した場合(図7のt3時点)、図8(c)に示すように、ボルト2の姿勢がネジ穴5bの軸心と一致した鉛直状態になっているため、S10へ移行する。S9の判定の結果、2秒経過していない場合、ソケット部13の逆回転とタイマーのカウントを継続する。
ここで、t2からt3の期間が本発明の姿勢矯正工程に相当している。
Simultaneously with the stop of the descending movement of the socket part 13, the timer starts counting (S7), the process proceeds to S8, and the socket part 13 (and the pressing member 22) at a predetermined rotational speed lower than the fastening rotational speed (for example, 10 rpm). Starts reverse rotation (at time t2 in FIG. 7).
It is determined whether or not a first set time (for example, 2 seconds) has elapsed after the start of reverse rotation of the socket portion 13 in S8 (S9). As a result of the determination in S9, when 2 seconds have passed (at time t3 in FIG. 7), as shown in FIG. 8C, the posture of the bolt 2 is in a vertical state that coincides with the axis of the screw hole 5b. To S10. As a result of the determination in S9, when 2 seconds have not elapsed, the reverse rotation of the socket portion 13 and the timer count are continued.
Here, the period from t2 to t3 corresponds to the posture correction process of the present invention.
S9の後、ソケット部13の下降移動を再開し(S10)、第2設定時間(例えば4秒)経過したか否か判定する(S11)。尚、第1設定時間と第2設定時間は、対象ワークの種類や使用するボルトの種類に応じて、予め実験によって設定している。
S11の判定の結果、4秒経過した場合(図7のt4時点)、図8(d)に示すように、ボルト頭部2aの平面視形状と嵌合穴21aの平面視形状とが略一致した結果、ボルト頭部2aが嵌合穴21aに嵌合した状態であるため、S12へ移行する。S11の判定の結果、4秒経過していない場合、ソケット部13の逆回転及び下降移動とタイマーのカウントを継続する。
ここで、t3からt4の期間が本発明の嵌合工程に相当している。
After S9, the downward movement of the socket part 13 is resumed (S10), and it is determined whether or not a second set time (for example, 4 seconds) has passed (S11). Note that the first set time and the second set time are set in advance by experiments in accordance with the type of the target workpiece and the type of the bolt to be used.
As a result of the determination in S11, when 4 seconds have elapsed (at time t4 in FIG. 7), the plan view shape of the bolt head 2a and the plan view shape of the fitting hole 21a substantially coincide as shown in FIG. 8D. As a result, since the bolt head 2a is in a state of being fitted into the fitting hole 21a, the process proceeds to S12. As a result of the determination in S11, when 4 seconds have not elapsed, the reverse rotation and downward movement of the socket part 13 and the timer count are continued.
Here, the period from t3 to t4 corresponds to the fitting step of the present invention.
S11の後、ソケット部13の逆回転を停止し(S12)、タイマーカウントをリセット(S13)した後、S14へ移行する。
S14では、図8(e)に示すように、ソケット部13の下降移動を継続した状態で、ソケット部13による所定回転速度(例えば30rpm)の正回転を開始し、ボルト2の締付トルクが設定締付トルクを越えたか否か判定している(S15)。
S15の判定の結果、ボルト2の締付トルクが設定締付トルクを越えた場合、ソケット部13の正回転と下降移動とを停止する(S16)。S15の判定の結果、ボルト2の締付トルクが設定締付トルクを越えていない場合、ソケット部13の正回転及び下降移動を継続する。
After S11, the reverse rotation of the socket part 13 is stopped (S12), the timer count is reset (S13), and then the process proceeds to S14.
In S14, as shown in FIG. 8E, in the state where the downward movement of the socket portion 13 is continued, the socket portion 13 starts to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 30 rpm), and the tightening torque of the bolt 2 is increased. It is determined whether or not the set tightening torque has been exceeded (S15).
As a result of the determination in S15, when the tightening torque of the bolt 2 exceeds the set tightening torque, the forward rotation and the downward movement of the socket portion 13 are stopped (S16). As a result of the determination in S15, when the tightening torque of the bolt 2 does not exceed the set tightening torque, the forward rotation and the downward movement of the socket portion 13 are continued.
ソケット部13の正回転及び下降移動の停止と同時に、ソケット部13の上昇移動を開始(S17)し、S18へ移行する。
S18では、ソケット部13が初期位置に到達したか否か判定し、初期位置に到達した場合、終了する。S18の判定の結果、ソケット部13が初期位置に到達していない場合、ソケット部13の上昇移動を継続する。
Simultaneously with the stop of the forward rotation and the downward movement of the socket part 13, the upward movement of the socket part 13 is started (S17), and the process proceeds to S18.
In S18, it is determined whether or not the socket unit 13 has reached the initial position. If the socket unit 13 has reached the initial position, the process ends. As a result of the determination in S18, when the socket part 13 has not reached the initial position, the upward movement of the socket part 13 is continued.
次に、実施例1に係るボルト締結方法及びボルト締結装置1の作用・効果について説明する。
このボルト締結方法によれば、姿勢矯正工程を備えているため、締結工程の前段階でボルト2の軸心をネジ穴5bの軸心に一致させることができ、ボルト2の噛りや焼き付きを生じることなく、ボルト2の傾斜締結を確実に防止することができる。
また、押圧部材22による姿勢矯正動作を利用してボルト頭部2aをボルト2の嵌合穴21aへ誘導する嵌合工程を備えているため、作業者による嵌合穴21aへのボルト2の嵌装作業を省略でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
Next, the operation and effect of the bolt fastening method and the bolt fastening device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
According to this bolt fastening method, since the posture correction process is provided, the axial center of the bolt 2 can be made coincident with the axial center of the screw hole 5b before the fastening process, and the bit 2 is bitten and seized. Without this, it is possible to reliably prevent the bolt 2 from being tilted.
Moreover, since the fitting process which guide | induces the volt | bolt head 2a to the fitting hole 21a of the volt | bolt 2 using the attitude | position correction | amendment operation | movement by the press member 22 is provided, the fitting of the volt | bolt 2 to the fitting hole 21a by an operator is carried out. The mounting work can be omitted and the fastening workability can be improved.
姿勢矯正工程におけるソケット部13の回転速度は、締結工程におけるソケット部13の回転速度よりも低く設定されているため、傾斜配置されたボルト2の姿勢をネジ穴5bやネジ山の螺旋形状を利用して確実に矯正することができる。
締結工程は、締結トルクが予め設定された設定締結トルクに達したとき、ソケット部13の回転を停止し、ソケット部13をボルト2から上方へ移動させるため、締結トルクを精度良く管理でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
Since the rotation speed of the socket part 13 in the posture correction process is set lower than the rotation speed of the socket part 13 in the fastening process, the screw holes 5b and the spiral shape of the screw thread are used for the posture of the bolts 2 arranged in an inclined manner. And correct it.
In the fastening process, when the fastening torque reaches a preset fastening torque, the rotation of the socket portion 13 is stopped and the socket portion 13 is moved upward from the bolt 2, so that the fastening torque can be managed with high accuracy and fastening. Workability can be improved.
ボルト締結装置1は、ボルト頭部2aに嵌合可能な嵌合穴21aが形成されたソケット部13を有し、リングギア5のネジ穴5bにボルト2を締結するボルト締結装置1において、ソケット部13と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材22であって、下方へ付勢されて嵌合穴21aから突出するようにソケット部13内部に設けられた押圧部材22と、ソケット部13を締結方向及び反締結方向に回転駆動可能な回転駆動モータ12と、ソケット部13をネジ穴5bに対して昇降移動可能に駆動する進退駆動モータ11と、押圧部材22の先端面22aによりボルト頭部2aの頂面の少なくとも一部を下方へ付勢した状態で、ソケット部13を逆回転させることによりボルト2の姿勢を矯正し、ソケット部13を逆回転させつつ下降移動させてボルト頭部2aを嵌合穴21aに嵌合させ、ソケット部13を正回転させてボルト2をネジ穴5bに締結させるように回転駆動モータ12と進退駆動モータ11とを制御する制御盤15とを備えている。
これにより、締結工程の前段階でボルト2の軸心をネジ穴5bの軸心に一致させることができ、ボルト2の噛りや焼き付きを生じることなく、ボルト2の傾斜締結を確実に防止することができる。また、作業者による嵌合穴21aへのボルト2の嵌装作業を省略でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
The bolt fastening device 1 includes a socket portion 13 in which a fitting hole 21 a that can be fitted to the bolt head 2 a is formed, and the bolt fastening device 1 that fastens the bolt 2 to the screw hole 5 b of the ring gear 5. The pressing member 22 is guided so as to be able to rotate integrally with the portion 13 and move in the axial direction, and is provided inside the socket portion 13 so as to be biased downward and protrude from the fitting hole 21a. A rotary drive motor 12 capable of rotationally driving the socket portion 13 in the fastening direction and the anti-fastening direction, an advancing / retracting drive motor 11 driving the socket portion 13 so as to be movable up and down relative to the screw hole 5b, and a tip of the pressing member In a state where at least a part of the top surface of the bolt head 2a is biased downward by the surface 22a, the socket portion 13 is rotated in the reverse direction to correct the posture of the bolt 2, and the socket portion 13 is rotated in the reverse direction. The rotary drive motor 12 and the advancing / retracting drive motor 11 are moved so that the bolt head 2a is fitted into the fitting hole 21a and the socket portion 13 is rotated forward to fasten the bolt 2 to the screw hole 5b. And a control panel 15 to be controlled.
Thereby, the axial center of the bolt 2 can be made to coincide with the axial center of the screw hole 5b in the previous stage of the fastening process, and the bolt 2 can be surely prevented from being tilted without causing the bolt 2 to be bitten or seized. Can do. Further, the work of fitting the bolt 2 into the fitting hole 21a by the operator can be omitted, and the fastening workability can be improved.
制御盤15が、締結トルクが予め設定された設定締結トルクに達したとき、ソケット部13の回転を停止可能な締結トルク制御部16を有するため、締結トルクを精度良く管理でき、締結作業性を向上することができる。
ソケット部13が、押圧部材22を収容可能な収容穴21bを備え、押圧部材22が、収容穴21bのうちの押圧部材22に対して上側に配設された圧縮スプリング23を介して下方へ付勢されているため、押圧手段22の機能を維持しつつ、コンパクト化と構造の簡単化とを図ることができる。
Since the control panel 15 has a fastening torque control unit 16 capable of stopping the rotation of the socket portion 13 when the fastening torque reaches a preset fastening torque, the fastening torque can be managed with high accuracy and fastening workability can be improved. Can be improved.
The socket portion 13 is provided with a receiving hole 21b that can receive the pressing member 22, and the pressing member 22 is attached downward via a compression spring 23 disposed on the upper side with respect to the pressing member 22 in the receiving hole 21b. Therefore, it is possible to achieve compactness and simplification of the structure while maintaining the function of the pressing means 22.
ソケット部13が、収容穴21bを横断するように延びるピン部材21dを備え、押圧部材22が、軸心直交方向に形成され且つピン部材21dを挿通させた状態で押圧部材22の軸心方向への移動を許容するピン穴22aを備えたため、押圧部材22の下方への付勢と、押圧部材22とソケット部13との同期回転とを簡単な構造で両立することができる。
回転駆動モータ12と進退駆動モータ11とが夫々電動モータを備えているため、回転駆動モータ12と進退駆動モータ11とを夫々電動モータを駆動源として作動させることができる。
The socket part 13 is provided with a pin member 21d extending so as to cross the accommodation hole 21b, and the pressing member 22 is formed in a direction orthogonal to the axial center and in the axial direction of the pressing member 22 with the pin member 21d inserted therethrough. Since the pin hole 22a that allows the movement of the pressing member 22 is provided, the downward biasing of the pressing member 22 and the synchronous rotation of the pressing member 22 and the socket portion 13 can be achieved with a simple structure.
Since each of the rotation drive motor 12 and the advance / retreat drive motor 11 includes an electric motor, the rotation drive motor 12 and the advance / retreat drive motor 11 can be operated using the electric motor as a drive source.
次に、前記実施例を部分的に変更した変形例について説明する。
1〕前記実施例においては、ガイドレールを昇降移動するボルト締結装置の例を説明したが、ボルト締結装置をロボットハンド等の移動機構に装着しても良い。ロボットハンドに装着した場合、当初の待機位置からネジ穴と同軸状の初期位置へソケット部を移動した後、下降移動が開始される。
Next, a modification in which the above embodiment is partially changed will be described.
1) In the above embodiment, an example of a bolt fastening device that moves the guide rail up and down has been described. However, the bolt fastening device may be mounted on a moving mechanism such as a robot hand. When mounted on the robot hand, the descent movement is started after moving the socket portion from the initial standby position to the initial position coaxial with the screw hole.
2〕前記実施例においては、進退駆動手段と回転駆動手段が電動モータの例を説明したが、駆動源としてエア圧を用いたエアモータを用いても良い。また、進退駆動手段には、流体圧を用いた流体圧シリンダを使用することも可能である。
3〕前記実施例においては、ギヤケースとリングギヤとのボルト締結の例を説明したが、少なくともネジ穴にボルトを締結するものであれば良く、部材の組み合わせは任意である。また、単に部材にボルトを締結する場合にも有効である。
2) In the above embodiment, an example in which the advance / retreat drive means and the rotation drive means are electric motors has been described. However, an air motor using air pressure may be used as a drive source. Moreover, it is also possible to use a fluid pressure cylinder using fluid pressure as the advance / retreat driving means.
3] In the above-described embodiment, the example of bolt fastening between the gear case and the ring gear has been described. However, any combination of members may be used as long as the bolt is fastened at least to the screw hole. It is also effective when simply fastening a bolt to a member.
4〕その他、当業者であれば、本発明の趣旨を逸脱することなく、前記実施例に種々の変更を付加した形態で実施可能であり、本発明はそのような変更形態も包含するものである。 4) In addition, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various forms added with various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention includes such modifications. is there.
本発明は、軸心方向締結側へ移動可能に付勢された押圧部材によってボルトの姿勢を矯正可能なボルト締結方法及びボルト締結装置において、締結作業性を向上しつつ、ボルトの傾斜締結を確実に防止する。 The present invention relates to a bolt fastening method and a bolt fastening device that can correct the posture of a bolt by a pressing member that is urged so as to be movable toward the axial direction fastening side. To prevent.
1 ボルト締結装置
2 ボルト
2a (ボルト)頭部
5 リングギヤ
5b ネジ穴
11 進退駆動モータ
12 回転駆動モータ
15 制御盤
16 締結トルク制御部
21a 嵌合穴
21b 収容穴
21d ピン部材
22 押圧部材
22a ピン穴
22b 先端面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bolt fastening apparatus 2 Bolt 2a (Bolt) head 5 Ring gear 5b Screw hole 11 Advance / retreat drive motor 12 Rotation drive motor 15 Control panel 16 Fastening torque control part 21a Fitting hole 21b Accommodation hole 21d Pin member 22 Press member 22a Pin hole 22b Tip surface
Claims (8)
予め、前記ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢された押圧部材を前記嵌合穴から突出するように前記ソケット部内部に設け、
前記ネジ穴にボルトを仮置きすると共に前記ソケット部を前記ネジ穴の軸心と同軸状に配置する配置工程と、
前記ソケット部を所定距離締結側へ移動させ、前記押圧部材の先端面により前記ボルト頭部の頂面の少なくとも一部を締結側へ付勢した状態で、前記押圧部材を反締結方向に回転させることにより前記ボルトの姿勢を前記ネジ穴の軸心と略同軸となるように矯正する姿勢矯正工程と、
前記ソケット部を反締結方向に回転させつつ締結側へ移動させて前記ボルト頭部を前記嵌合穴に嵌合させる嵌合工程と、
前記ソケット部を締結方向に回転させて前記ボルトを前記ネジ穴に締結させる締結工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とするボルト締結方法。 In the bolt fastening method of fastening the bolt to the screw hole of the workpiece by a fastening device having a socket part formed with a fitting hole that can be fitted to the head of the bolt,
A pressing member guided in advance so as to be able to rotate integrally with the socket part and move in the axial direction, wherein the pressing member biased toward the axial direction fastening side protrudes from the fitting hole. Provided inside the unit,
An arrangement step of temporarily placing a bolt in the screw hole and arranging the socket portion coaxially with an axis of the screw hole;
The socket portion is moved to the fastening side by a predetermined distance, and the pressing member is rotated in the anti-fastening direction in a state where at least a part of the top surface of the bolt head is biased to the fastening side by the tip surface of the pressing member. A posture correcting step of correcting the posture of the bolt so as to be substantially coaxial with the axis of the screw hole;
A fitting step in which the socket is moved in the anti-fastening direction while moving to the fastening side to fit the bolt head into the fitting hole;
A fastening step of rotating the socket part in a fastening direction to fasten the bolt to the screw hole;
A bolt fastening method comprising:
前記ソケット部と一体回転可能且つ軸心方向へ移動可能に案内された押圧部材であって、軸心方向締結側へ付勢されて前記嵌合穴から突出するように前記ソケット部内部に設けられた押圧部材と、
前記ソケット部を締結方向及び反締結方向に回転駆動可能な回転駆動手段と、
前記ソケット部を前記ネジ穴に対して締結側及び締結解除側へ移動可能に駆動する進退駆動手段と、
前記押圧部材の先端面により前記ボルト頭部の頂面の少なくとも一部を締結側へ付勢した状態で、前記押圧部材を反締結方向に回転させることにより前記ボルトの姿勢を前記ネジ穴の軸心と略同軸となるように矯正し、前記ソケット部を反締結方向に回転させつつ締結側へ移動させて前記ボルト頭部を前記嵌合穴に嵌合させ、前記ソケット部を締結方向に回転させて前記ボルトを前記ネジ穴に締結させるように前記回転駆動手段と進退駆動手段とを制御する制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とするボルト締結装置。 In a bolt fastening device that has a socket part in which a fitting hole that can be fitted to the head of a bolt is formed and fastens the bolt to a screw hole of a workpiece.
A pressing member guided so as to be able to rotate integrally with the socket portion and move in the axial direction, and is provided inside the socket portion so as to be urged toward the axial direction fastening side and protrude from the fitting hole. Pressing member,
Rotation driving means capable of rotating the socket portion in a fastening direction and an anti-fastening direction;
Advancing / retreating drive means for driving the socket portion to be movable to a fastening side and a fastening release side with respect to the screw hole;
The posture of the bolt is changed to the axis of the screw hole by rotating the pressing member in the anti-fastening direction in a state where at least a part of the top surface of the bolt head is urged to the fastening side by the tip surface of the pressing member. Correct so that it is substantially coaxial with the center, move the socket part to the fastening side while rotating it in the anti-fastening direction, fit the bolt head into the fitting hole, and rotate the socket part in the fastening direction And a control means for controlling the rotation drive means and the advance / retreat drive means so as to fasten the bolt to the screw hole.
前記押圧部材が、前記収容穴のうちの押圧部材に対して締結解除側に配設された付勢部材を介して締結側へ付勢されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載のボルト締結装置。 The socket portion includes a receiving hole that can receive the pressing member;
The said pressing member is urged | biased to the fastening side via the biasing member arrange | positioned by the fastening cancellation | release side with respect to the pressing member of the said accommodation hole. Bolt fastening device.
前記押圧部材が、軸心直交方向に形成され且つ前記ピン部材を挿通させた状態で押圧部材の軸心方向への移動を許容するガイド穴を備えたことを特徴とする請求項4〜6の何れか1項に記載のボルト締結装置。 The socket portion includes a pin member extending so as to cross the accommodation hole;
The said pressing member was provided with the guide hole which accept | permits a movement to the axial center direction of a pressing member in the state which was formed in the axial orthogonal direction and the said pin member was penetrated. A bolt fastening device given in any 1 paragraph.
The bolt fastening device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein each of the rotation driving means and the advance / retreat driving means includes an electric motor.
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JP2020146801A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | 三菱重工航空エンジン株式会社 | Fastening system and fastening method |
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