JP2014523007A - 光透過を制御するための層配列 - Google Patents
光透過を制御するための層配列 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014523007A JP2014523007A JP2014524286A JP2014524286A JP2014523007A JP 2014523007 A JP2014523007 A JP 2014523007A JP 2014524286 A JP2014524286 A JP 2014524286A JP 2014524286 A JP2014524286 A JP 2014524286A JP 2014523007 A JP2014523007 A JP 2014523007A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 236
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/132—Thermal activation of liquid crystals exhibiting a thermo-optic effect
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/11—Function characteristic involving infrared radiation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
先行技術は、透明状態からより透明でない状態へ、たとえば、不透明または実質的に非透明な状態へ、電圧が加えられたときに可逆的に切替えることができる、コーティングを開示する。
とくに、これらの出願は、ねじれネマチックセル(TNセル)を用いる層配列を開示する。この場合、透明状態および暗い状態間のスイッチングは、ねじれネマチックセル中に置かれた液晶媒体の、透明点より下の温度でのネマチック状態から透明点より上の等方状態への相転移によって達成する。
そのようなNIR光を偏光しない標準の偏光板が、例えば、US 2009/0015902およびUS 2009/0167971において、最新の層配列に用いられてきた。
第一の偏光層(5a)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3a)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4a)を含み、第二の偏光層(5b)がVIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3b)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4b)を含むという本発明のひとつの態様によって、入射光のほとんどの偏光に影響を与える別々の層による利益を強化することができる。
本発明の他の態様によれば、ねじれネマチック液晶層は、暗い状態およびdΔn>0.75、好ましくは、>0.8、より好ましくは、>0.85、最も好ましくは、>0.9の値を有する第二またはより高い最小値である、透明な状態間をスイッチングするように配置されたものである。
VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層を、VIS領域およびNIR領域で偏光に影響を与える単一の層となるように組み合わせてもよい。VIS領域に影響を与えるさらなる偏光層との組み合わせのために、透明状態および暗い状態間のVIS領域の透過における差は、VIS領域に影響するさらなる偏光層なしのものよりもずっと大きい。
本発明の別のひとつの好ましい態様によれば、さらなるVIS領域偏光層(9a)および/または(9b)は、吸収偏光層である。
層配列は、そのスイッチング力のために、好ましくは外側から室内のスペース、たとえば、建築物内、への熱および光の透過を制御するために用いる。
図1〜図5は、本発明の層配列(1)の可能な態様について略図で例示として示すものである。
スイッチング層を通過する光線の偏光特性は、温度に応じて異なった様相で影響を受ける。スイッチング層(2)の組成および構造に応じて、光の偏光特性がスイッチング層(2)によって変化する第一の、より低い温度範囲が存在し、また、光の偏光特性がわずかにのみ変化または全く変化しない第二の、より高い温度範囲が存在する。
Claims (15)
- 入射光の透過をその温度に応じて変化させる層配列(1)であって、該層配列(1)が、第一の偏光層(5a)、前記温度に応じて光の偏光特性に影響を与えるスイッチング層(2)および第二の偏光層(5b)を有し、第一の偏光層(5a)および第二の偏光層(5b)の両方が、VIS領域およびNIR領域の両方で、偏光に影響を与えるように配置されたものであることを特徴とする、前記層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3a)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4a)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の層配列。
- 第二の偏光層(5b)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3b)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4b)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3a)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4a)を含み、第二の偏光層(5b)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3b)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4b)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)および/または第二の偏光層(5b)が一つの偏光層で、VIS領域偏光特性およびNIR領域偏光特性を組みあわせることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の層配列。
- 一つの偏光層で、VIS領域偏光特性およびNIR領域偏光特性を組みあわせる偏光層が、異なる屈折率を有する複数の層(7)から作られるものであることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の層配列。
- 一つの偏光層で、VIS領域偏光特性およびNIR領域偏光特性を組みあわせる偏光層が、好ましい配向を提供する材料(8)中に分散した二色性染料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3a)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4a)を含み、第二の偏光層(5b)が、一つの偏光層で、VIS領域偏光特性およびNIR領域偏光特性を組みあわせることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)が、一つの偏光層で、VIS領域偏光特性およびNIR領域偏光特性を組みあわせ、第二の偏光層(5b)が、VIS領域に影響を与える偏光層(3b)およびNIR領域に影響を与える偏光層(4b)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の層配列。
- スイッチング層(2)が、ねじれネマチック液晶層であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の層配列。
- ねじれネマチック液晶層が、暗い状態と、dΔnが、0.25および0.75の間、好ましくは、0.35および0.65の間、より好ましくは、0.4および0.6の間、最も好ましくは、0.45および0.55の間の値を有する第一の最小値である、透明な状態との間をスイッチングするように配置されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の層配列。
- ねじれネマチック液晶層が、暗い状態と、dΔn>0.75、好ましくは、>0.8、より好ましくは、>0.85、最も好ましくは、>0.9である第二またはより高い最小値である、透明な状態との間をスイッチングするように配置されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10いずれか1項に記載の層配列。
- 第一の偏光層(5a)および/または第二の偏光層(5b)がVIS領域に影響を及ぼすさらなる偏光層(9a、9b)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の層配列。
- 窓ガラス(6)に適用することを特徴とする、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の層配列。
- 外側から室内のスペースへの光および熱の透過を制御するための請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の層配列の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11006502 | 2011-08-08 | ||
EP11006502.6 | 2011-08-08 | ||
US201161526783P | 2011-08-24 | 2011-08-24 | |
US61/526,783 | 2011-08-24 | ||
PCT/EP2012/002962 WO2013020629A1 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2012-07-13 | Layer arrangement for the regulation of light transmission |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014523007A true JP2014523007A (ja) | 2014-09-08 |
JP2014523007A5 JP2014523007A5 (ja) | 2019-05-23 |
JP6571934B2 JP6571934B2 (ja) | 2019-09-04 |
Family
ID=47667903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014524286A Expired - Fee Related JP6571934B2 (ja) | 2011-08-08 | 2012-07-13 | 光透過を制御するための層配列 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10139658B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2742383B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6571934B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101905229B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103718087B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI585491B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013020629A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105683822B (zh) * | 2013-10-17 | 2019-10-01 | 默克专利股份有限公司 | 用于调节光进入的装置 |
WO2016173693A1 (de) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Optische schaltschicht für den einsatz in einem optischen schaltelement |
WO2017081139A1 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-18 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Display device and display control method |
KR102024754B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-09-25 | 김정근 | 비대면 실외 인식 수단을 가지는 건축물용 도어 |
US10451949B2 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-10-22 | Gentex Corporation | Polarized window assembly |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5686979A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-11-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Optical panel capable of switching between reflective and transmissive states |
US20110102878A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Ravenbrick Llc | Thermochromic Filters and Stopband Filters for Use with Same |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6072549A (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 2000-06-06 | Reveo Inc | "Intelligent" glazing structures with additional control layers |
US5882774A (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1999-03-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Optical film |
JPH10133178A (ja) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 投写型液晶表示装置 |
US6049419A (en) | 1998-01-13 | 2000-04-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Multilayer infrared reflecting optical body |
WO1999063400A1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 1999-12-09 | Reveo, Inc. | Spectrum-controllable reflective polarizers having electrically-switchable modes of operation |
JP2003107476A (ja) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-09 | Nippon Oil Corp | 液晶表示素子 |
US20050068629A1 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Primal Fernando | Adjustably opaque window |
US20070218217A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-20 | Primal Fernando | Adjustably opaque film for substantially smooth surface |
US7973998B2 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2011-07-05 | Serious Materials, Inc. | Temperature activated optical films |
WO2009009770A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | Ravenbrick, Llc | Thermally switched reflective optical shutter |
US8169685B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-05-01 | Ravenbrick, Llc | Thermally switched absorptive window shutter |
CN101881902B (zh) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-11-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | 振幅型光寻址液晶光阀装置及其制备方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-07-13 EP EP12735469.4A patent/EP2742383B1/en active Active
- 2012-07-13 US US14/237,649 patent/US10139658B2/en active Active
- 2012-07-13 JP JP2014524286A patent/JP6571934B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-07-13 KR KR1020147005927A patent/KR101905229B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-07-13 WO PCT/EP2012/002962 patent/WO2013020629A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-07-13 CN CN201280037666.3A patent/CN103718087B/zh active Active
- 2012-08-07 TW TW101128513A patent/TWI585491B/zh active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5686979A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-11-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Optical panel capable of switching between reflective and transmissive states |
US20110102878A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Ravenbrick Llc | Thermochromic Filters and Stopband Filters for Use with Same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103718087A (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
TW201310121A (zh) | 2013-03-01 |
US10139658B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 |
TWI585491B (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
CN103718087B (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
US20140218650A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
WO2013020629A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
EP2742383B1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
EP2742383A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
JP6571934B2 (ja) | 2019-09-04 |
KR101905229B1 (ko) | 2018-10-05 |
KR20140051393A (ko) | 2014-04-30 |
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