JP2014234951A - Boiler - Google Patents

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JP2014234951A
JP2014234951A JP2013117021A JP2013117021A JP2014234951A JP 2014234951 A JP2014234951 A JP 2014234951A JP 2013117021 A JP2013117021 A JP 2013117021A JP 2013117021 A JP2013117021 A JP 2013117021A JP 2014234951 A JP2014234951 A JP 2014234951A
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water pipe
temperature sensor
row
water
outer water
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JP6187747B2 (en
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内田　真人
Masato Uchida
真人 内田
隆二 大西
Ryuji Onishi
隆二 大西
將 仙波
Susumu Semba
將 仙波
誠 四宮
Makoto Shinomiya
誠 四宮
信義 重松
Nobuyoshi Shigematsu
信義 重松
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Miura Co Ltd
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Miura Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To monitor adhesion of scale in a water pipe more surely, in a multitubular boiler.SOLUTION: A gap of water pipes between adjacent inner water pipes 5 is closed by an inner vertical fin 9, leaving a right end part of an inner water pipe row 7. A gap of water pipes between adjacent outer water pipes 6 is closed by an outer vertical fin 11, leaving a left end part of an outer water pipe row 8. At the inner water pipe row 7 and the outer water pipe row 8, in a region from a middle part to the left end part out of the region from the right end part to the left end part, an inner lateral fin 21 is provided at the inner water pipe 5, and an outer lateral fin 22 is provided at the outer water pipe 6. At the outer water pipe 6 in the middle part where the outer lateral fin 22 is started to add, a first temperature sensor 23 is provided. At the outer water pipe 6 on the right end part of the outer water pipe row 8, a second temperature sensor 24 is provided.

Description

本発明は、多管式のボイラに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a multi-tube boiler.

従来、下記特許文献１に開示されるように、円筒状に配列される複数の水管の内、所定箇所の水管に温度センサを設けて、その温度センサの検出温度により、水管内のスケール（水中の硬度分が析出したもの）の付着量を監視するボイラが知られている。   Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, a temperature sensor is provided in a water pipe at a predetermined location among a plurality of water pipes arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a scale (underwater) in the water pipe is determined by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. There is known a boiler that monitors the amount of adhesion of the material having a certain amount of hardness.

特開２００９−９２２７８号公報JP 2009-92278 A

しかしながら、従来技術では、スケールの付着量を監視するために、所定箇所の一つの水管にのみ温度センサが設けられる。この温度センサが設けられる水管は、通常は最もスケールが付着し易い水管ではあるが、円筒状に配列される各水管の熱負荷を分析したところ、前記所定箇所以外にも熱負荷の大きい箇所があり、その箇所においてもスケールの付着を監視することが望ましい。特に、高硬度漏れが発生したイレギュラー状態では、スケールの付着が最も早く生じる水管が変わってくるおそれがある。   However, in the conventional technique, in order to monitor the amount of adhesion of the scale, a temperature sensor is provided only in one water pipe at a predetermined location. The water pipe provided with this temperature sensor is usually the water pipe to which the scale is most likely to adhere, but when analyzing the heat load of each water pipe arranged in a cylindrical shape, there is a place with a large heat load in addition to the predetermined place. Yes, it is desirable to monitor the adhesion of the scale at that point as well. In particular, in an irregular state where leakage of high hardness has occurred, there is a possibility that the water pipe in which the scale adheres most quickly changes.

そこで、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、水管内へのスケールの付着をより確実に監視できるボイラを提供することにある。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a boiler that can more reliably monitor the adhesion of scale in the water pipe.

本発明は、前記課題を解決するためになされたもので、請求項１に記載の発明は、上部管寄せと下部管寄せとの間に円筒状に配列されて内側水管列を構成する複数の内側水管と、前記内側水管列を取り囲むように、前記上部管寄せと前記下部管寄せとの間に円筒状に配列されて外側水管列を構成する複数の外側水管とを備え、前記内側水管列の周方向一部を残して、隣接する前記内側水管同士は、水管間の隙間を内側縦ヒレで閉塞されるか、水管同士が互いに接触して配置され、前記外側水管列の周方向他部を残して、隣接する前記外側水管同士は、水管間の隙間を外側縦ヒレで閉塞され、前記内側水管列および前記外側水管列には、前記周方向一部から前記周方向他部への領域の内、中途部から前記周方向他部までの領域においてのみ、前記内側水管に内側横ヒレが設けられると共に前記外側水管に外側横ヒレが設けられ、前記内側横ヒレは、前記内側水管列の外周面を構成する面に設けられ、前記外側横ヒレは、前記外側水管列の内周面を構成する面に設けられ、前記外側横ヒレが付けられ始める前記中途部の前記外側水管に、第一温度センサが設けられ、前記周方向一部の側から数えて数本以内となる前記外側水管に、第二温度センサが設けられたことを特徴とするボイラである。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 includes a plurality of cylinders arranged between the upper header and the lower header to form an inner water tube row. An inner water pipe, and a plurality of outer water pipes arranged in a cylindrical shape between the upper header and the lower header so as to surround the inner water pipe row and constituting an outer water pipe row, the inner water pipe row The inner water pipes adjacent to each other are partially closed by inner vertical fins or the water pipes are arranged in contact with each other, and the other outer circumferential pipe rows are arranged in the circumferential direction. The adjacent outer water pipes are closed by outer vertical fins between the water pipes, and the inner water pipe row and the outer water pipe row have a region from one part in the circumferential direction to the other part in the circumferential direction. Only in the area from the middle part to the other part in the circumferential direction. An inner horizontal fin is provided on the inner water pipe and an outer horizontal fin is provided on the outer water pipe. The inner horizontal fin is provided on a surface constituting an outer peripheral surface of the inner water pipe row, and the outer horizontal fin is provided on the outer water fin. A first temperature sensor is provided on the outer water pipe in the middle portion provided on the surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the water pipe row, and starts to be attached with the outer lateral fin, and is counted from a part of the circumferential direction. The boiler is characterized in that a second temperature sensor is provided in the outer water pipe within the number.

横ヒレが付けられ始める位置は、受熱量が急激に上昇するため、水が濃縮し易く、スケールが析出して付着し易い。また、内側水管列の内側からの高温ガスの出口付近は、他の箇所よりも高温に晒されるため、やはりスケールが析出して付着し易い。従って、請求項１に記載の発明によれば、これらスケールの付着し易い複数箇所に温度センサを設けることで、水管内面へのスケールの付着を確実に監視することができる。   At the position where horizontal fins start to be attached, the amount of heat received increases rapidly, so that water is likely to concentrate and scale is likely to deposit and adhere. Moreover, since the vicinity of the exit of the high temperature gas from the inner side of the inner water tube row is exposed to a higher temperature than other places, the scale is also likely to deposit and adhere. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing temperature sensors at a plurality of locations where scales are likely to adhere, the scale adhesion to the inner surface of the water pipe can be reliably monitored.

請求項２に記載の発明は、前記周方向一部における前記内側水管列の開口部と対面した位置には、一本または二本の前記外側水管が配置されており、前記第二温度センサは、前記周方向一部における前記内側水管列の開口部と対面した位置とは外れた位置に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のボイラである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, one or two of the outer water pipes are arranged at a position facing the opening of the inner water pipe row in a part of the circumferential direction, and the second temperature sensor is The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the boiler is disposed at a position away from a position facing the opening of the inner water tube row in a part of the circumferential direction.

内側水管列の内側からの高温ガスは、流路を狭められて内外の水管列間の隙間に導入されるので、その導入直後の水管は、高温に晒され、スケールが析出して付着し易い。また、第二温度センサは、内側水管列の開口部と対面した位置とは外れた位置に配置されることで、火炎が直接に当たらず、安定した温度を検出できる。従って、請求項２に記載の発明によれば、水管内面へのスケールの付着を確実に監視することができる。   The hot gas from the inside of the inner water tube row is narrowed and introduced into the gap between the inner and outer water tube rows, so that the water tube immediately after the introduction is exposed to high temperature and the scale is likely to deposit and adhere. . Further, the second temperature sensor can be detected at a stable temperature without being directly exposed to the flame by being arranged at a position that is different from the position facing the opening of the inner water tube row. Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to reliably monitor the adhesion of the scale to the inner surface of the water pipe.

請求項３に記載の発明は、前記各温度センサは、それが設けられる前記外側水管内の水の沸騰開始部と対応した高さに設けられることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載のボイラである。   The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that each of the temperature sensors is provided at a height corresponding to a water boiling start portion in the outer water pipe in which the temperature sensor is provided. It is a description boiler.

水管内の水の沸騰開始部において、水が濃縮し易く、スケールが析出して付着し易い。従って、請求項３に記載の発明によれば、水管内の水の沸騰開始部と対応した高さにおいて温度を計測することで、水管内面へのスケールの付着量を正確に把握することができる。   At the water boiling start part in the water pipe, the water is easy to concentrate and the scale is likely to deposit and adhere. Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the amount of scale attached to the inner surface of the water pipe can be accurately grasped by measuring the temperature at a height corresponding to the water boiling start portion in the water pipe. .

さらに、請求項４に記載の発明は、前記第二温度センサを設置可能な領域の外側水管には、前記第二温度センサの設置高さよりも上方に、水管の過熱を判定する第三温度センサが設けられており、前記第二温度センサの設置に代えてこの第三温度センサを用いて、水管内のスケールの付着を判定することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のボイラである。   Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 is the third temperature sensor for determining the overheating of the water pipe above the installation height of the second temperature sensor in the outer water pipe in the region where the second temperature sensor can be installed. In any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. WHEREIN: It replaces with installation of said 2nd temperature sensor, and this 3rd temperature sensor is used, and adhesion of the scale in a water pipe is determined. It is a description boiler.

請求項４に記載の発明によれば、水管の過熱を検知するための第三温度センサを備えるボイラにおいて、第二温度センサの設置に代えて、第三温度センサを用いて、水管内のスケールの付着を監視することができる。   According to invention of Claim 4, in a boiler provided with the 3rd temperature sensor for detecting overheating of a water pipe, it replaces with installation of a 2nd temperature sensor, uses a 3rd temperature sensor, and is a scale in a water pipe. Can be monitored.

本発明によれば、多管式のボイラにおいて、水管内へのスケールの付着をより確実に監視することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, adhesion of the scale to the inside of a water pipe can be more reliably monitored in a multi-tube boiler.

本発明のボイラの一実施例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Example of the boiler of this invention. 図１のボイラの概略横断面図である。It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the boiler of FIG. 図２の右上部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows the upper right part of FIG.

以下、本発明の具体的実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１から図３は、本発明のボイラ１の一実施例を示す概略図であり、図１は縦断面図、図２は横断面図、図３は図２の右上部を拡大して示す図である。 Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 are schematic views showing an embodiment of the boiler 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an upper right portion of FIG. FIG.

本実施例のボイラ１は、円筒状の缶体２を備えた多管式の貫流ボイラである。本実施例の缶体２は、上部管寄せ３と下部管寄せ４との間を、円筒状に配列された多数の水管５，６で接続して構成される。   The boiler 1 of the present embodiment is a multi-tube type once-through boiler provided with a cylindrical can body 2. The can body 2 of the present embodiment is configured by connecting the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 with a plurality of water tubes 5 and 6 arranged in a cylindrical shape.

上部管寄せ３と下部管寄せ４とは、上下に離隔して平行に配置され、それぞれ中空の円環状とされている。また、上部管寄せ３と下部管寄せ４とは、それぞれ水平に配置されると共に、同一軸線上に配置される。   The upper header 3 and the lower header 4 are vertically spaced apart from each other in parallel, and each has a hollow annular shape. Further, the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 are respectively arranged horizontally and on the same axis.

各水管５，６は、垂直に配置され、上端部が上部管寄せ３に接続される一方、下端部が下部管寄せ４に接続される。各水管５，６は、上部管寄せ３と下部管寄せ４との周方向へ順次に配列されることで、円筒状の水管列を構成する。本実施例では、内側水管列７と外側水管列８とが同心円筒状に設けられる。内側水管列７は、円筒状に配列された内側水管５にて構成される。一方、外側水管列８は、内側水管列７を取り囲むように、円筒状に配列された外側水管６にて構成される。   Each of the water pipes 5 and 6 is arranged vertically and has an upper end connected to the upper header 3 and a lower end connected to the lower header 4. The water pipes 5 and 6 are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 to constitute a cylindrical water pipe row. In the present embodiment, the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 are provided in a concentric cylindrical shape. The inner water tube row 7 is composed of inner water tubes 5 arranged in a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, the outer water tube row 8 is constituted by outer water tubes 6 arranged in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the inner water tube row 7.

隣接する内側水管５間の隙間は、内側水管列７の周方向一部（図２における右端部）を除き、上下方向全域に亘って内側縦ヒレ９にて閉塞される。図２における右端部においては、隣接する内側水管５間の隙間には内側縦ヒレ９は設けられず、上下方向全域において隙間が形成されて、内列連通部１０が形成されている。この内列連通部１０を介して、内側水管列７の内側と外側とは連通される。本実施例のボイラ１の場合、外側水管列８には、内列連通部１０と対応した位置に、一本または二本の外側水管６が配置される。   The gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5 is closed by the inner vertical fin 9 over the entire vertical direction except for a part in the circumferential direction of the inner water pipe row 7 (the right end in FIG. 2). In the right end portion in FIG. 2, the inner vertical fin 9 is not provided in the gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5, and a gap is formed in the entire vertical direction to form the inner row communication portion 10. The inner and outer sides of the inner water tube row 7 are communicated with each other through the inner row communication portion 10. In the case of the boiler 1 of the present embodiment, one or two outer water pipes 6 are arranged in the outer water pipe row 8 at positions corresponding to the inner row communication portions 10.

なお、内列連通部１０を形成する際、周方向等間隔に配列された内側水管５の内、図２における右端部において、一本または複数本の内側水管５の設置を省略してもよい。また、図２における右端部を除き、隣接する内側水管５間の隙間を内側縦ヒレ９で閉塞したが、隣接する内側水管５の外周面同士を互いに接触させて、内側水管５間の隙間を閉塞してもよい。   When forming the inner row communication portion 10, one or a plurality of inner water tubes 5 may be omitted at the right end portion in FIG. 2 among the inner water tubes 5 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. . Further, except for the right end portion in FIG. 2, the gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5 is closed by the inner vertical fins 9, but the outer peripheral surfaces of the adjacent inner water pipes 5 are brought into contact with each other so that the gap between the inner water pipes 5 is reduced. It may be occluded.

隣接する外側水管６間の隙間は、外側水管列８の周方向他部（前記周方向一部と缶体２の直径方向に対向した箇所であり、図２における左端部）を除き、上下方向全域に亘って外側縦ヒレ１１にて閉塞される。図２における左端部においては、隣接する外側水管６間の隙間には外側縦ヒレ１１は設けられず、上下方向全域において隙間が形成されて、外列連通部１２が形成されている。この外列連通部１２を介して、外側水管列８の内側と外側とは連通される。なお、外列連通部１２を形成する際、周方向等間隔に配列された外側水管６の内、図２における左端部において、一本または複数本の外側水管６の設置を省略してもよい。   The gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6 is the vertical direction except for the other part in the circumferential direction of the outer water pipe row 8 (the part facing the diametrical direction of the circumferential part of the can body 2 and the left end in FIG. 2). It is blocked by the outer vertical fin 11 over the entire area. In the left end portion in FIG. 2, the outer vertical fin 11 is not provided in the gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6, and a gap is formed in the entire vertical direction to form the outer row communication portion 12. The inner side and the outer side of the outer water pipe row 8 are communicated with each other through the outer row communication portion 12. When forming the outer row communication portion 12, one or a plurality of outer water tubes 6 may be omitted at the left end in FIG. 2 among the outer water tubes 6 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. .

上部管寄せ３と下部管寄せ４との間には、外側水管列８を取り囲むように、円筒状の缶体カバー１３が設けられる。缶体カバー１３は、上端部において、上部管寄せ３との隙間が封止され、下端部において、下部管寄せ４との隙間が封止される。缶体カバー１３には、図２における左端部に、煙道１４が接続される。この際、缶体２の上下方向いずれの箇所において、缶体カバー１３に煙道１４を接続してもよい。なお、外側水管列８と缶体カバー１３との間の円筒状隙間には、図２における左端部を除き、断熱材１５が充填される。   A cylindrical can cover 13 is provided between the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 so as to surround the outer water tube row 8. The can body cover 13 is sealed at the upper end with a gap between the upper header 3 and at the lower end with a gap between the lower cover 4. A flue 14 is connected to the can cover 13 at the left end in FIG. At this time, the flue 14 may be connected to the can body cover 13 at any location in the vertical direction of the can body 2. The cylindrical gap between the outer water tube row 8 and the can body cover 13 is filled with a heat insulating material 15 except for the left end portion in FIG.

上部管寄せ３の下面および下部管寄せ４の上面には、各管寄せ３，４と各水管５，６との接続部を覆うように、耐火材１６が設けられる。この際、下部管寄せ４側の耐火材１６は、下部管寄せ４の中央部をも閉塞するように設けられる。下部管寄せ４側の耐火材１６の中央部には、逆円錐台状の凹部１７が形成される。   A refractory material 16 is provided on the lower surface of the upper header 3 and the upper surface of the lower header 4 so as to cover the connecting portions between the headers 3 and 4 and the water tubes 5 and 6. At this time, the refractory material 16 on the lower header 4 side is provided so as to block the central portion of the lower header 4. In the central part of the refractory material 16 on the lower header 4 side, an inverted frustoconical recess 17 is formed.

上部管寄せ３の中央部には、下方へ向けてバーナ１８が設けられる。このバーナ１８には、燃料が供給されると共に、燃焼用空気が供給される。バーナ１８を作動させることで、缶体２内において燃料の燃焼が行われる。この際、内側水管列７の内側は、燃焼室１９として機能する。   A burner 18 is provided at the center of the upper header 3 so as to face downward. The burner 18 is supplied with fuel and combustion air. By operating the burner 18, fuel is burned in the can 2. At this time, the inside of the inner water tube row 7 functions as a combustion chamber 19.

燃焼室１９での燃料の燃焼による燃焼ガスは、内側水管列７の周方向一部（図２における右側）に設けた内列連通部１０を介して、内側水管列７と外側水管列８との間の燃焼ガス流路２０に導入され、外側水管列８の周方向他部（図２における左側）に設けた外列連通部１２を介して、外側水管列８の外側へ導出される。   Combustion gas produced by the combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber 19 passes through the inner row communication section 10 provided in a part of the inner water tube row 7 in the circumferential direction (the right side in FIG. 2). And is led out to the outside of the outer water tube row 8 via the outer row communication portion 12 provided in the other circumferential portion of the outer water tube row 8 (left side in FIG. 2).

つまり、燃焼室１９から内列連通部１０を介して外方へ導出される燃焼ガスは、周方向両側へ分岐して、缶体２の前後の燃焼ガス流路２０を介して、外列連通部１２から外方へ導出される。各燃焼ガス流路２０には、その中途部から下流の設定領域に、内側横ヒレ２１および外側横ヒレ２２が設けられる。   That is, the combustion gas led out from the combustion chamber 19 via the inner row communication portion 10 branches to both sides in the circumferential direction, and communicates with the outer row via the combustion gas passages 20 before and after the can body 2. Derived outward from the section 12. Each combustion gas channel 20 is provided with an inner lateral fin 21 and an outer lateral fin 22 in a setting region downstream from the midway portion thereof.

内側横ヒレ２１は、それが設けられる内側水管５の上下方向全域であって、内側水管列７の外周面を構成する面に、内側水管５の半径方向外側へツバ状に延出して、上下に等間隔に複数設けられる。また、外側横ヒレ２２は、それが設けられる外側水管６の上下方向全域であって、外側水管列８の内周面を構成する面に、外側水管６の半径方向外側へツバ状に延出して、上下に等間隔に複数設けられる。なお、内側水管５と外側水管６とは、缶体２の周方向へ行くに従って互い違いに配置されるが、内側横ヒレ２１と外側横ヒレ２２とは、缶体２の平面視において重ならないように大きさ、形状および配置が調整されている。   The inner horizontal fin 21 extends in the shape of a flange outwardly in the radial direction of the inner water pipe 5 on the surface constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water pipe row 7 in the entire vertical direction of the inner water pipe 5 on which the inner horizontal fin 21 is provided. Are provided at equal intervals. Further, the outer lateral fin 22 extends in the shape of a flange outwardly in the radial direction of the outer water pipe 6 on the entire surface in the vertical direction of the outer water pipe 6 on which it is provided and constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row 8. A plurality of them are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. The inner water pipe 5 and the outer water pipe 6 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the can body 2, but the inner side fins 21 and the outer side fins 22 do not overlap in a plan view of the can body 2. The size, shape and arrangement are adjusted.

外側水管６には、熱電対などを用いた温度センサ（２３，２４）が設けられる。この温度センサ２３，２４は、それが設けられた箇所の温度に基づき、水管内面へのスケールの付着状況を監視する。本実施例では、第一温度センサ２３と第二温度センサ２４とが設けられる。なお、外側水管６への各温度センサ２３，２４の取付方法は、特に問わないが、図３に示すように、外側水管６の周方向へ沿って取付座２５を溶接などで固定しておき、その取付座２５に温度センサ２３，２４を差し込むのが簡易である。   The outer water pipe 6 is provided with temperature sensors (23, 24) using a thermocouple or the like. These temperature sensors 23 and 24 monitor the state of adhesion of the scale to the inner surface of the water pipe based on the temperature of the place where it is provided. In the present embodiment, a first temperature sensor 23 and a second temperature sensor 24 are provided. The method of attaching the temperature sensors 23 and 24 to the outer water pipe 6 is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the mounting seat 25 is fixed along the circumferential direction of the outer water pipe 6 by welding or the like. It is easy to insert the temperature sensors 23 and 24 into the mounting seat 25.

前述したように、燃焼ガス流路２０の中途部から外列連通部１２へ至るまでの設定領域には外側横ヒレ２２が設けられるが、第一温度センサ２３は、その設定領域の上流側の端部において、外側横ヒレ２２が付けられ始める外側水管６に設けられる。外側横ヒレ２２が付けられ始める位置は、受熱量が急激に上昇するため、水が濃縮し易く、スケールが析出して付着し易いので、この箇所に第一温度センサ２３を設けることで、水管内面へのスケールの付着を確実に監視することができる。   As described above, the outer lateral fin 22 is provided in the setting region from the middle portion of the combustion gas flow path 20 to the outer row communication portion 12, but the first temperature sensor 23 is located upstream of the setting region. At the end, it is provided in the outer water pipe 6 where the outer lateral fin 22 starts to be attached. At the position where the outer lateral fin 22 starts to be attached, since the amount of heat received increases rapidly, water is likely to concentrate, and scale is likely to deposit and adhere. Therefore, by providing the first temperature sensor 23 at this location, the water pipe The adhesion of scale to the inner surface can be reliably monitored.

第二温度センサ２４は、内列連通部１０の幅方向中央部から数えて数本以内となる外側水管６に設けられる。図面では、水管本数を実際よりも少なく示しているが、実際の缶体２において、内列連通部１０の幅方向中央部から５本以内（好ましくは２〜３本以内）となる外側水管６に、第二温度センサ２４が設けられる。なお、内列連通部１０の幅方向中央部とちょうど対応した位置に外側水管６がある場合、その外側水管６を１本目として数える。いずれにしても、第二温度センサ２４は、内列連通部１０の側において、外側横ヒレ２２を有しない外側水管６に設けられる。   The second temperature sensor 24 is provided in the outer water pipe 6 that is within a few from the center in the width direction of the inner row communication part 10. In the drawing, the number of water pipes is shown to be less than the actual number, but in the actual can body 2, the outer water pipe 6 that is within 5 (preferably within 2 to 3) from the center in the width direction of the inner row communication portion 10. In addition, a second temperature sensor 24 is provided. In addition, when the outer side water pipe 6 exists in the position just corresponding to the width direction center part of the inner row communication part 10, the outer side water pipe 6 is counted as the 1st. Anyway, the 2nd temperature sensor 24 is provided in the outer side water pipe 6 which does not have the outer side fin 22 in the inner row communication part 10 side.

第二温度センサ２４は、内列連通部１０と対応した位置に配置されてもよいが、内列連通部１０とずれた位置に配置されるのがよい。内側水管列７の内側からの高温の燃焼ガスは、流路を狭められて内外の水管列７，８間の燃焼ガス流路２０に導入されるので、その導入直後の水管は、高温に晒され、スケールが析出して付着し易いので、この箇所に第二温度センサ２４を設けることで、水管内面へのスケールの付着を確実に監視することができる。しかも、第二温度センサ２４は、内列連通部１０とは周方向にずれた位置に配置されることで、火炎が直接に当たらず、安定した温度を検出できる。   The second temperature sensor 24 may be disposed at a position corresponding to the inner row communication portion 10, but may be disposed at a position shifted from the inner row communication portion 10. Since the high-temperature combustion gas from the inside of the inner water tube row 7 is introduced into the combustion gas flow channel 20 between the inner and outer water tube rows 7 and 8 after the flow path is narrowed, the water tube immediately after the introduction is exposed to high temperature. Since the scale is easily deposited and adhered, the second temperature sensor 24 is provided at this location, so that the adhesion of the scale to the inner surface of the water tube can be reliably monitored. In addition, the second temperature sensor 24 is arranged at a position shifted from the inner row communication portion 10 in the circumferential direction, so that the flame does not directly hit and can detect a stable temperature.

各温度センサ２３，２４は、外側水管６の上下方向中央部よりも下方に設けるのがよい。この際、各温度センサ２３，２４は、それが設けられる外側水管６内の水の沸騰開始部と対応した高さに設けるのがよい。これにより、水管内へのスケールの付着状況の監視を、迅速で正確に行うことができる。なお、外側水管６内の水の沸騰開始部とは、本実施例では、上部管寄せ３側の耐火材１６の下面と、下部管寄せ４側の耐火材１６の上面との離隔距離の十分の一の長さだけ、下部管寄せ４側の耐火材１６の上面から上方へ離隔した位置とされる。   The temperature sensors 23 and 24 are preferably provided below the central portion in the vertical direction of the outer water pipe 6. At this time, each of the temperature sensors 23 and 24 is preferably provided at a height corresponding to the boiling start portion of the water in the outer water pipe 6 where the temperature sensors 23 and 24 are provided. Thereby, it is possible to quickly and accurately monitor the state of scale adhesion in the water pipe. In this embodiment, the boiling start portion of the water in the outer water pipe 6 is a sufficient separation distance between the lower surface of the refractory material 16 on the upper header 3 side and the upper surface of the refractory material 16 on the lower header 4 side. It is set as the position spaced apart from the upper surface of the refractory material 16 on the lower header 4 side by one length.

ボイラ１の運転中、各温度センサ２３，２４の検出温度を監視して、スケール付着状況が監視される。万一、第一温度センサ２３の検出温度が第一設定温度を超えるか、第二温度センサ２４の検出温度が第二設定温度を超えると、所定以上のスケールが付着しているとして、その旨、ユーザにお知らせする出力を行えばよい。それに対しては、缶体２内の水を排水して、薬品などでスケールの除去作業を図るのがよい。   During operation of the boiler 1, the temperature detected by the temperature sensors 23 and 24 is monitored to monitor the scale adhesion state. In the unlikely event that the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 23 exceeds the first set temperature or the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 24 exceeds the second set temperature, it is assumed that a predetermined scale or more is attached. Then, an output for notifying the user may be performed. For that purpose, it is preferable to drain the water in the can 2 and to remove the scale with chemicals or the like.

ここで、バーナ１８の燃焼量に応じて、第一設定温度や第二設定温度は変更されるのがよい。たとえば、ボイラ１が高燃焼、低燃焼および停止の三位置で制御される場合、蒸気圧が所定以上あることを前提に、低燃焼へ移行して設定時間経過後、第一温度センサ２３の検出温度が低燃焼用第一設定温度を超える状態を所定時間継続するか、第二温度センサ２４の検出温度が低燃焼用第二設定温度を超える状態を所定時間継続すると、所定以上のスケールが付着していると判定する。また、高燃焼へ移行して設定時間経過後、第一温度センサ２３の検出温度が高燃焼用第一設定温度を超える状態を所定時間継続するか、第二温度センサ２４の検出温度が高燃焼用第二設定温度を超える状態を所定時間継続すると、所定以上のスケールが付着している判定する。   Here, the first set temperature and the second set temperature are preferably changed according to the combustion amount of the burner 18. For example, when the boiler 1 is controlled at three positions of high combustion, low combustion, and stop, the detection of the first temperature sensor 23 is performed after the set time has elapsed after shifting to low combustion on the assumption that the vapor pressure is higher than a predetermined value. When the state where the temperature exceeds the first set temperature for low combustion is continued for a predetermined time or the state where the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 24 exceeds the second set temperature for low combustion for a predetermined time, a scale larger than the predetermined level is attached. It is determined that In addition, after the set time has elapsed after shifting to high combustion, the state where the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 23 exceeds the first set temperature for high combustion continues for a predetermined time, or the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 24 is high. If the state exceeding the second preset temperature is continued for a predetermined time, it is determined that a predetermined scale or more is attached.

なお、低燃焼用第一設定温度は、低燃焼用第一設定値に補正値を加算した値であり、低燃焼用第二設定温度は、低燃焼用第二設定値に補正値を加算した値である。また、高燃焼用第一設定温度は、高燃焼用第一設定値に補正値を加算した値であり、高燃焼用第二設定温度は、高燃焼用第二設定値に補正値を加算した値である。そして、各補正値は、現在の蒸気圧に基づき予め定められた値である。   The first set temperature for low combustion is a value obtained by adding a correction value to the first set value for low combustion, and the second set temperature for low combustion is obtained by adding a correction value to the second set value for low combustion. Value. The first set temperature for high combustion is a value obtained by adding a correction value to the first set value for high combustion, and the second set temperature for high combustion is obtained by adding a correction value to the second set value for high combustion. Value. Each correction value is a predetermined value based on the current vapor pressure.

ところで、ボイラ１には、水管の過熱を検知するために、第三温度センサ（図示省略）が設けられる場合がある。第三温度センサは、第二温度センサ２４が設置可能な領域の外側水管６に設置されるが、第二温度センサ２４の設置高さよりも上方（水管の上下方向中央部よりも上方であって、好ましくは内周面が沸騰で濡れるだけの上端部）に設置されて、外側水管６の過熱を監視する。つまり、第三温度センサの検出温度が上限値を超えると、水管が過熱しているとして、その旨、ユーザにお知らせする出力を行う。   By the way, the boiler 1 may be provided with a third temperature sensor (not shown) in order to detect overheating of the water pipe. The third temperature sensor is installed in the outer water pipe 6 in a region where the second temperature sensor 24 can be installed, but is higher than the installation height of the second temperature sensor 24 (above the central part in the vertical direction of the water pipe). It is preferably installed at the upper end where the inner peripheral surface is only wetted by boiling, and the overheating of the outer water pipe 6 is monitored. That is, when the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor exceeds the upper limit value, the water pipe is overheated, and an output is sent to notify the user to that effect.

そして、このような第三温度センサを備える場合、前記第二温度センサ２４の設置に代えて、第三温度センサの検出温度を監視して、スケールの付着判定を行ってもよい。つまり、第三温度センサは、水管の過熱判定だけでなく、スケールの付着判定にも用いられる。具体的な判定方法は、上述した第二温度センサ２４による判定の場合と同様である。   When such a third temperature sensor is provided, instead of installing the second temperature sensor 24, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor may be monitored to determine scale adhesion. That is, the third temperature sensor is used not only for determination of overheating of the water pipe but also for determination of adhesion of the scale. A specific determination method is the same as in the case of the determination by the second temperature sensor 24 described above.

本実施例のボイラ１によれば、スケールの付着し易い複数箇所の水管に温度センサ２３，２４を設け、いずれかの温度センサ２３，２４の検出温度が設定温度を超えるか否かにより、水管内面への所定以上のスケールの付着を判定することができる。スケールの付着し易い複数箇所の水管に温度センサ２３，２４を設けることで、仮に、高硬度漏れが発生したイレギュラー状態でも、スケールの付着を迅速かつ正確に把握することができる。   According to the boiler 1 of the present embodiment, the temperature sensors 23 and 24 are provided in a plurality of water pipes where scales are easily attached, and depending on whether or not the temperature detected by any one of the temperature sensors 23 and 24 exceeds a set temperature, It is possible to determine adhesion of a predetermined scale or more to the inner surface. By providing the temperature sensors 23 and 24 in a plurality of water pipes where the scale easily adheres, it is possible to quickly and accurately grasp the scale adhesion even in an irregular state where a high hardness leak has occurred.

本発明のボイラ１は、前記実施例の構成に限らず適宜変更可能である。特に、外側横ヒレ２２が付けられ始める中途部の外側水管６に、第一温度センサ２３が設けられ、前記周方向一部の側から数えて数本以内となる外側水管６に、第二温度センサ２４が設けられるのであれば、その他の構成は適宜に変更可能である。   The boiler 1 of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate. In particular, the first temperature sensor 23 is provided in the middle outer water pipe 6 where the outer horizontal fin 22 starts to be attached, and the second temperature is set in the outer water pipe 6 within a few from the circumferential side. If the sensor 24 is provided, other configurations can be changed as appropriate.

たとえば、前記実施例において、外列連通部１２側の外側水管６は、エロフィンチューブなどのように全周にヒレが設けられた構成とされてもよい。その場合、全周ヒレ付きの外側水管は、他の外側水管６よりも缶体２の径方向内側に配置されるのがよい。また、前記実施例において、燃焼室１９内に、いくつかの水管を設置してもよい。   For example, in the said Example, the outer side water pipe 6 by the side of the outer row communication part 12 may be set as the structure by which fin was provided in the perimeter like an erotic fin tube. In that case, it is preferable that the outer water pipe with an all-around fin is arranged on the radially inner side of the can body 2 with respect to the other outer water pipe 6. In the embodiment, several water pipes may be installed in the combustion chamber 19.

さらに、前記実施例において、バーナ１８を設ける代わりに、内側水管列７の内側に排ガスを導入すれば、廃熱ボイラや排ガスボイラとすることができる。   Furthermore, in the said Example, if waste gas is introduce | transduced inside the inner side water pipe line 7 instead of providing the burner 18, it can be set as a waste-heat boiler or waste gas boiler.

１ ボイラ
２ 缶体
３ 上部管寄せ
４ 下部管寄せ
５ 内側水管
６ 外側水管
７ 内側水管列
８ 外側水管列
９ 内側縦ヒレ
１０ 内列連通部
１１ 外側縦ヒレ
１２ 外列連通部
１３ 缶体カバー
１４ 煙道
１５ 断熱材
１６ 耐火材
１７ 凹部
１８ バーナ
１９ 燃焼室
２０ 燃焼ガス流路
２１ 内側横ヒレ
２２ 外側横ヒレ
２３ 第一温度センサ
２４ 第二温度センサ
２５ 取付座 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 2 Can body 3 Upper header 4 Lower header 5 Inner water tube 6 Outer water tube 7 Inner water tube row 8 Outer water tube row 9 Inner vertical fin 10 Inner row communication portion 11 Outer vertical fin 12 Outer row communication portion 13 Can body cover 14 Flue 15 Heat insulating material 16 Refractory material 17 Recess 18 Burner 19 Combustion chamber 20 Combustion gas flow path 21 Inner horizontal fin 22 Outer horizontal fin 23 First temperature sensor 24 Second temperature sensor 25 Mounting seat

Claims (4)

上部管寄せと下部管寄せとの間に円筒状に配列されて内側水管列を構成する複数の内側水管と、
前記内側水管列を取り囲むように、前記上部管寄せと前記下部管寄せとの間に円筒状に配列されて外側水管列を構成する複数の外側水管とを備え、
前記内側水管列の周方向一部を残して、隣接する前記内側水管同士は、水管間の隙間を内側縦ヒレで閉塞されるか、水管同士が互いに接触して配置され、
前記外側水管列の周方向他部を残して、隣接する前記外側水管同士は、水管間の隙間を外側縦ヒレで閉塞され、
前記内側水管列および前記外側水管列には、前記周方向一部から前記周方向他部への領域の内、中途部から前記周方向他部までの領域においてのみ、前記内側水管に内側横ヒレが設けられると共に前記外側水管に外側横ヒレが設けられ、
前記内側横ヒレは、前記内側水管列の外周面を構成する面に設けられ、
前記外側横ヒレは、前記外側水管列の内周面を構成する面に設けられ、
前記外側横ヒレが付けられ始める前記中途部の前記外側水管に、第一温度センサが設けられ、
前記周方向一部の側から数えて数本以内となる前記外側水管に、第二温度センサが設けられた
ことを特徴とするボイラ。 A plurality of inner water pipes arranged in a cylindrical shape between the upper header and the lower header to form an inner water pipe row;
A plurality of outer water pipes arranged in a cylindrical shape between the upper header and the lower header so as to surround the inner water pipe row and constituting an outer water pipe row,
The inner water pipes that are adjacent to each other leaving a part in the circumferential direction of the inner water pipe row are closed by inner vertical fins between the water pipes, or the water pipes are arranged in contact with each other,
The outer water pipes adjacent to each other, except for the other circumferential part of the outer water pipe row, are closed by outer vertical fins between the water pipes,
The inner water tube row and the outer water tube row include an inner horizontal fin in the inner water tube only in a region from a midway portion to the other circumferential portion in a region from the circumferential portion to the other circumferential portion. And an outer lateral fin is provided in the outer water pipe,
The inner lateral fin is provided on a surface constituting an outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row,
The outer lateral fin is provided on a surface constituting an inner peripheral surface of the outer water tube row,
A first temperature sensor is provided in the outer water pipe in the middle part where the outer lateral fin starts to be attached,
A boiler characterized in that a second temperature sensor is provided in the outer water pipe, which is within a few from the side in the circumferential direction. 前記周方向一部における前記内側水管列の開口部と対面した位置には、一本または二本の前記外側水管が配置されており、
前記第二温度センサは、前記周方向一部における前記内側水管列の開口部と対面した位置とは外れた位置に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のボイラ。 One or two outer water pipes are arranged at a position facing the opening of the inner water pipe row in the circumferential part,
The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the second temperature sensor is disposed at a position away from a position facing the opening of the inner water tube row in a part of the circumferential direction. 前記各温度センサは、それが設けられる前記外側水管内の水の沸騰開始部と対応した高さに設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載のボイラ。 The boiler according to claim 1, wherein each temperature sensor is provided at a height corresponding to a boiling start portion of water in the outer water pipe in which the temperature sensor is provided. 前記第二温度センサを設置可能な領域の外側水管には、前記第二温度センサの設置高さよりも上方に、水管の過熱を判定する第三温度センサが設けられており、
前記第二温度センサの設置に代えてこの第三温度センサを用いて、水管内のスケールの付着を判定する
ことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のボイラ。 In the outer water pipe in the region where the second temperature sensor can be installed, a third temperature sensor for determining overheating of the water pipe is provided above the installation height of the second temperature sensor,
It replaces with installation of said 2nd temperature sensor, and adhesion of the scale in a water pipe is judged using this 3rd temperature sensor. The boiler of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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KR101614363B1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2016-04-21 주식회사 동광보일러 once-through boiler
JP2016125802A (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-11 株式会社サムソン Boiler with detection of water pipe stain
JP2018109465A (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-12 三菱重工業株式会社 boiler
WO2019004648A1 (en) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 한국생산기술연구원 Slag removing device including separate fluid storage part for removing slag formed on inner wall of combustion chamber

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016125802A (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-11 株式会社サムソン Boiler with detection of water pipe stain
KR101614363B1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2016-04-21 주식회사 동광보일러 once-through boiler
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