JP2014226747A - End mill - Google Patents

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JP2014226747A
JP2014226747A JP2013107779A JP2013107779A JP2014226747A JP 2014226747 A JP2014226747 A JP 2014226747A JP 2013107779 A JP2013107779 A JP 2013107779A JP 2013107779 A JP2013107779 A JP 2013107779A JP 2014226747 A JP2014226747 A JP 2014226747A
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flank
blade length
effective blade
end mill
tapered
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JP6192037B2 (en
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啓次 木下
Keiji Kinoshita
啓次 木下
寿徳 江元
Kazunori Emoto
寿徳 江元
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To alleviate a stress concentration to a boundary between an effective blade length part and a tapered part while maintaining high rigidity, in an end mill in which the effective blade length part and a shank part larger in diameter than the effective blade length part is connected by the tapered part.SOLUTION: In an end mill, a first flank having a prescribed flank angle and continuous to a cutting blade and a second flank continuous to the first flank and larger than the first flank in a flank angle are formed at the effective blade length part having the cutting blade, the first flank is smoothly connected to an external periphery of the tapered part without forming steps in the boundary between the effective blade length part and the tapered part, and steps are formed between the second flank and the external periphery of the tapered part.

Description

この発明は、有効刃長部の後方にテーパ部を介して有効刃長部よりも大径のシャンク部を連ならせたエンドミルに関する。   The present invention relates to an end mill in which a shank portion having a diameter larger than that of an effective blade length portion is connected to a rear portion of the effective blade length portion via a tapered portion.

切れ刃を有する有効刃長部よりもシャンク部が大径で、その有効刃長部とシャンク部の間をテーパ部で繋いだ首記のエンドミルは、前記有効刃長部とテーパ部の境界部に応力が集中し易い。   The end mill with the shank portion having a larger diameter than the effective blade length portion having a cutting edge and connecting the effective blade length portion and the shank portion with a taper portion is a boundary portion between the effective blade length portion and the taper portion. Stress tends to concentrate on the surface.

境界部に集中する応力が大きいと、エンドミルが折損することがある。高速度鋼に比べて脆性の高い超硬合金で形成されたエンドミルは得にその可能性が高い。そこで、下記特許文献１のように、有効刃長部とテーパ部との間に滑らかに連続して切れ上る曲面を形成して境界部の段差を無くし、これにより応力集中を回避する策が提案されている。   If the stress concentrated on the boundary is large, the end mill may break. End mills made of cemented carbide, which is more brittle than high-speed steel, are highly likely. Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, a method is proposed in which a curved surface that smoothly and continuously rises between the effective blade length portion and the taper portion to eliminate the step at the boundary portion, thereby avoiding stress concentration. Has been.

特開昭６２−７４５２０号公報JP 62-74520 A

前掲の特許文献１に開示された構造によれば、境界部が曲面になっているので応力集中を緩和することができる。   According to the structure disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the boundary portion is a curved surface, stress concentration can be reduced.

しかしながら、有効刃長部とテーパ部の境界部に曲面の切れ上り面を形成すると、境界部の全体を削る必要があり、それに起因したエンドミルの剛性低下が避けられない。   However, if a curved surface is formed at the boundary between the effective blade length and the taper, it is necessary to cut the entire boundary, and the rigidity of the end mill due to this is unavoidable.

剛性の低いエンドミルは加工精度の低下を招くことがある。そこで、剛性低下を招かない方法で境界部に対する応力集中を緩和する構造が望まれている。   An end mill with low rigidity may cause a reduction in machining accuracy. Therefore, there is a demand for a structure that relieves stress concentration on the boundary by a method that does not cause a decrease in rigidity.

この発明は、その要求に応えたものであって、有効刃長部とそれよりも大径のシャンク部との間をテーパ部で繋いだエンドミルについて、高剛性を維持して有効刃長部とテーパ部の境界部に対する応力集中を緩和できるようにすることを課題としている。   The present invention meets the demand, and an end mill in which an effective blade length portion and a shank portion having a diameter larger than that are connected by a tapered portion maintains high rigidity and an effective blade length portion. It is an object to be able to alleviate stress concentration on the boundary portion of the tapered portion.

上記の課題を解決するため、この発明においては、切れ刃を設けた有効刃長部と、その有効刃長部よりも大径のシャンク部と、前記有効刃長部とシャンク部の間を繋ぐ外径が前記有効刃長部から前記シャンク部に向けて徐々に大きくなったテーパ部とを備えたエンドミルを改善の対象にしてそのエンドミルに以下の構成を付加した。   In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, an effective blade length portion provided with a cutting edge, a shank portion having a diameter larger than that of the effective blade length portion, and the effective blade length portion and the shank portion are connected. An end mill having an outer diameter with a tapered portion gradually increasing from the effective blade length portion toward the shank portion was targeted for improvement, and the following configuration was added to the end mill.

即ち、前記有効刃長部に、所定の逃げ角を有して前記切れ刃に連なった第１の逃げ面と、その第１の逃げ面に連なった第１の逃げ面よりも逃げ角の大きな第２の逃げ面が形成され
、前記有効刃長部と前記テーパ部との境界部において、前記第１の逃げ面が前記テーパ部の外周に段差無く滑らかに接続され、前記第２の逃げ面と前記テーパ部の外周との間に段差部が形成されているものにした。 That is, the effective blade length portion has a first clearance surface having a predetermined clearance angle and continuing to the cutting blade, and a clearance angle larger than the first clearance surface continuing to the first clearance surface. A second flank is formed, and the first flank is smoothly connected to the outer periphery of the taper at the boundary between the effective blade length and the taper, and the second flank And a stepped portion is formed between the outer periphery of the tapered portion.

この発明のエンドミルは、有効刃長部とテーパ部の境界部の剛性低下が抑制され、さらに、その境界部に対する応力集中も緩和される。   In the end mill of the present invention, a decrease in rigidity at the boundary between the effective blade length portion and the taper portion is suppressed, and further, stress concentration on the boundary portion is alleviated.

この発明のエンドミルの一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the end mill of this invention. 図１のII−II線に沿った位置の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of the position along the II-II line of FIG. 図１のエンドミルの側面の要部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows the principal part of the side surface of the end mill of FIG. 第１の逃げ面とテーパ部の繋がり部を示す図１のIV−IV線に沿った断面図である。It is sectional drawing along the IV-IV line of FIG. 1 which shows the connection part of a 1st flank and a taper part. 第２の逃げ面とテーパ部間の段差部を示す図である図１のＶ−Ｖ線に沿った断面図である。It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG. 1 which is a figure which shows the level | step-difference part between a 2nd flank and a taper part.

以下、添付図面の図１〜図５に基づいてこの発明のエンドミルの実施の形態を説明する。   Embodiments of the end mill according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

図１は、３枚刃のスクエアエンドミルにこの発明を適用したものである。図示のエンドミル１は、有効刃長部２、テーパ部３及びシャンク部４を有する。   FIG. 1 shows the application of the present invention to a three-blade square end mill. The illustrated end mill 1 has an effective blade length part 2, a taper part 3, and a shank part 4.

有効刃長部２には、所定のねじれ角を有する３条のねじれ溝５と、各ねじれ溝に沿った切れ刃６と、底刃７が設けられている。また、所定の逃げ角を有して切れ刃６に連なった第１の逃げ面８と、その第１の逃げ面に連なった第２の逃げ面９が形成されている。   The effective blade length portion 2 is provided with three twisted grooves 5 having a predetermined twist angle, a cutting edge 6 along each twisted groove, and a bottom blade 7. Further, a first flank 8 connected to the cutting edge 6 with a predetermined flank angle and a second flank 9 connected to the first flank are formed.

第１の逃げ面８は、二番逃げ面と称される面であり、図２に示した逃げ角γ１を有している。また、第２の逃げ面９は、三番逃げ面と称される面であり、第１の逃げ面８の逃げ角γ１よりも大きな逃げ角γ２を有している。   The first flank 8 is a surface called a second flank, and has the flank angle γ1 shown in FIG. The second flank 9 is a surface referred to as a third flank and has a clearance angle γ2 larger than the clearance angle γ1 of the first flank 8.

テーパ部３は、有効刃長部２とシャンク部４との間に設けられる繋ぎ部であって、有効刃長部２の側からシャンク部４の側に向けて外径が徐々に大きくなっている。このテーパ部３の小径側の端部が有効刃長部２に連なり、大径側の端部にシャンク部４が連なっている。   The taper portion 3 is a connecting portion provided between the effective blade length portion 2 and the shank portion 4, and the outer diameter gradually increases from the effective blade length portion 2 side toward the shank portion 4 side. Yes. The end portion on the small diameter side of the taper portion 3 is connected to the effective blade length portion 2, and the shank portion 4 is connected to the end portion on the large diameter side.

シャンク部４は、有効刃長部２よりも大径になっている。   The shank part 4 has a larger diameter than the effective blade length part 2.

第１の逃げ面８は、その終端が図３、図４に示すように、有効刃長部２とテーパ部３の境界部において段差なくテーパ部３の外周に滑らかに接続されている。テーパ部３には第１の逃げ面８の延長上に配置される面取り部１０が設けられており、その面取り部１０に第１の逃げ面８が段差なく滑らかに連なっている。   The end of the first flank 8 is smoothly connected to the outer periphery of the tapered portion 3 without a step at the boundary between the effective blade length portion 2 and the tapered portion 3, as shown in FIGS. The taper portion 3 is provided with a chamfered portion 10 disposed on the extension of the first flank 8, and the first flank 8 is smoothly connected to the chamfered portion 10 without a step.

図３に示したその第１の逃げ面８の幅ｗは、第１の逃げ面８の逃げ角の大きさにもよるが、第１の逃げ面８が被削材と干渉しないようにするために、０．１ｍｍ〜１ｍｍ程度の寸法にするのが好ましい。その幅ｗがこのような小さな値であっても、剛性低下の抑制と応力集中の緩和に関して顕著な効果が発揮される。これは、第１の逃げ面８がテーパ部３に段差無く滑らかに接続されていることによる効果である。   Although the width w of the first flank 8 shown in FIG. 3 depends on the size of the flank angle of the first flank 8, it prevents the first flank 8 from interfering with the work material. For this reason, it is preferable that the dimensions are about 0.1 mm to 1 mm. Even if the width w is such a small value, a remarkable effect is exhibited with respect to the suppression of rigidity reduction and the relaxation of stress concentration. This is an effect due to the first flank 8 being smoothly connected to the tapered portion 3 without a step.

ここで言う第１の逃げ面８の幅ｗは、実質的な幅（エンドミル回転方向前後の縁間の前後の縁に対して直角方向の幅）ではない。有効刃長部２とテーパ部３との境界部における工具軸と直交する方向の第１の逃げ面８の寸法を幅ｗとしている。   The width w of the first flank 8 referred to here is not a substantial width (width in the direction perpendicular to the front and rear edges between the front and rear edges in the end mill rotation direction). The dimension of the first flank 8 in the direction perpendicular to the tool axis at the boundary between the effective blade length 2 and the taper 3 is defined as the width w.

第２の逃げ面９は、図３、図５に示すように、テーパ部３との間に段差を生じてテーパ部３に連なっている。図３、図５の１１が、第２の逃げ面９の終端とテーパ部３との間に形成された段差部である。   As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the second flank 9 is connected to the tapered portion 3 with a step formed between the second flank 9 and the tapered portion 3. Reference numeral 11 in FIGS. 3 and 5 denotes a step portion formed between the end of the second flank 9 and the tapered portion 3.

切削負荷は、第２の逃げ面９の部分には及び難い。従って、第２の逃げ面９の終端とテーパ部３の始端との境界部に段差部１１が存在していてもその部分に対する応力の集中は起こり難く、第１の逃げ面８を段差無くテーパ部３に連ならせることによる剛性低下の抑制と応力集中緩和の効果損なわれない。   The cutting load hardly reaches the second flank 9 portion. Therefore, even if the step portion 11 exists at the boundary portion between the end of the second flank 9 and the start end of the taper portion 3, stress concentration on the portion hardly occurs, and the first flank 8 is tapered without a step. The effect of suppressing the reduction in rigidity and relaxing the stress concentration by connecting to the portion 3 is not impaired.

前記段差部１１は、第２の逃げ面９を研削加工する際に砥石のエンドミル後方への送りを段差部１１の位置で止めることによって形成することができる。   The step portion 11 can be formed by stopping the feed of the grindstone to the rear of the end mill at the position of the step portion 11 when the second flank 9 is ground.

有効刃長部外径：φ４ｍｍ、シャンク部外径：６ｍｍ、芯厚Ｗ（図２参照）：２．６ｍｍ、切れ刃長Ｌ（図１参照）：１１ｍｍ、第１の逃げ面の逃げ角γ１（図２参照）：６°、第２の逃げ面の逃げ角γ２（図２参照）：２５°、有効刃長部とテーパ部が交差した位置における第１の逃げ面の幅ｗ（図３参照）：０．３ｍｍ、ねじれ溝のねじれ角：４０°の諸元の超硬合金製３枚刃エンドミルを試作した。   Effective blade length outer diameter: φ4 mm, shank portion outer diameter: 6 mm, core thickness W (see FIG. 2): 2.6 mm, cutting edge length L (see FIG. 1): 11 mm, clearance angle γ1 of the first flank (See FIG. 2): 6 °, clearance angle γ2 of the second flank (see FIG. 2): 25 °, width w of the first flank at the position where the effective blade length and the tapered portion intersect (FIG. 3) Reference): A three-blade end mill made of cemented carbide having a specification of 0.3 mm and a twist angle of a twist groove of 40 ° was made as a prototype.

その試作エンドミルは、第１の逃げ面を段差無く円滑にテーパ部に連ならせ、段差部を第２の逃げ面とテーパ部との境界部のみに形成した試料Ａと、段差部を第１の逃げ面とテーパ部との境界部及び第２の逃げ面とテーパ部との境界部の双方に形成した試料Ｂの２種類とした。   The prototype end mill includes a sample A in which the first flank is smoothly connected to the tapered portion without a step, the step is formed only at the boundary between the second flank and the tapered portion, and the step is formed as the first step. Sample B formed on both the boundary between the flank and the tapered portion and the boundary between the second flank and the tapered portion.

次に、上記エンドミルＡ，Ｂをそれぞれ１０本作成し、各試料を使用して以下の加工条件で５０回ずつ加工を行なった。   Next, ten end mills A and B were prepared, and each sample was processed 50 times under the following processing conditions.

−加工条件−
工具回転速度：２，４００ｍｉｎ−１（３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ）
送り速度 ：２８８ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ
切り込み深さ：５ｍｍ、溝加工
切削油剤 ：水溶性切削油
使用機械 ：縦型マシニングセンタ
被削材 ：Ｓ４５Ｃ -Machining conditions-
Tool rotation speed: 2,400 min −1 (30 m / min)
Feeding speed: 288 mm / min
Cutting depth: 5mm, groove machining Cutting fluid: Water-soluble cutting oil Machine: Vertical machining center Work material: S45C

この評価試験の結果、試料Ｂは、９本が５０回の加工まで耐えられずに破損した。これに対し、試料Ａは、１０本とも５０回の加工が行なえ、折損数はゼロであった。また、試料Ａによる加工では、加工中のいわゆるびびり（工具の振れ）が起こらず、精度の良い良好な加工面が得られた。   As a result of this evaluation test, 9 pieces of Sample B were broken without being able to withstand the processing up to 50 times. On the other hand, Sample A could be processed 50 times for all 10 samples, and the number of breaks was zero. Further, in the processing by the sample A, so-called chatter (tool shake) during processing did not occur, and a good processed surface with high accuracy was obtained.

１ エンドミル
２ 有効刃長部
３ テーパ部
４ シャンク部
５ ねじれ溝
６ 切れ刃
７ 底刃
８ 第１の逃げ面
９ 第２の逃げ面
１０ 面取り部
１１ 段差部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 End mill 2 Effective blade length part 3 Tapered part 4 Shank part 5 Torsion groove 6 Cutting edge 7 Bottom blade 8 1st flank 9 2nd flank 10 Chamfer 11 Step part

Claims (3)

切れ刃を設けた有効刃長部と、その有効刃長部よりも大径のシャンク部と、前記有効刃長部とシャンク部の間を繋ぐ外径が前記有効刃長部から前記シャンク部に向けて徐々に大きくなったテーパ部とを備えたエンドミルであって、
前記有効刃長部に、所定の逃げ角を有して前記切れ刃に連なった第１の逃げ面と、その第１の逃げ面に連なった第１の逃げ面よりも逃げ角の大きな第２の逃げ面が形成され、
前記有効刃長部と前記テーパ部との境界部において、前記第１の逃げ面が前記テーパ部の外周に段差無く滑らかに接続され、前記第２の逃げ面と前記テーパ部の外周との間には段差部が形成されているエンドミル。 An effective blade length portion provided with a cutting edge, a shank portion having a diameter larger than the effective blade length portion, and an outer diameter connecting the effective blade length portion and the shank portion from the effective blade length portion to the shank portion. An end mill having a taper portion that gradually increases toward the end,
The effective blade length portion has a first clearance surface having a predetermined clearance angle and continuing to the cutting blade, and a second clearance angle larger than the first clearance surface connecting to the first clearance surface. The flank is formed,
At the boundary portion between the effective blade length portion and the tapered portion, the first flank is smoothly connected to the outer periphery of the tapered portion without a step, and between the second flank and the outer periphery of the tapered portion. The end mill has a stepped part. 前記有効刃長部と前記テーパ部との境界部における前記第１の逃げ面の工具軸と直交する方向の幅が、０．１ｍｍ〜１ｍｍになっている請求項１に記載のエンドミル。   The end mill according to claim 1, wherein a width of the first flank in a direction perpendicular to the tool axis at a boundary portion between the effective blade length portion and the tapered portion is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. 前記テーパ部に、前記第１の逃げ面の延長上に配置される面取り部が設けられ、その面取り部に対して前記第１の逃げ面が段差無く滑らかに連なっている請求項１又は請求項２に記載のエンドミル。   The chamfered portion disposed on the taper portion on an extension of the first flank is provided, and the first flank is smoothly connected to the chamfered portion without a step. The end mill according to 2.
JP2013107779A 2013-05-22 2013-05-22 End mill Expired - Fee Related JP6192037B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111975075A (en) * 2020-09-21 2020-11-24 哈尔滨理工大学 Unequal tooth variable relief angle end milling cutter

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102585843B1 (en) 2015-03-30 2023-10-11 가부시키가이샤 코세 solid powder cosmetics

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3365843A (en) * 1965-03-08 1968-01-30 Roland L. Robinson Fixture for cutting tools
US5066170A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-11-19 Outboard Marine Corporation Tool bit
JPH0871831A (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill
JP2005186189A (en) * 2003-12-25 2005-07-14 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd Minute diameter end mill
JP2009220188A (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-10-01 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3365843A (en) * 1965-03-08 1968-01-30 Roland L. Robinson Fixture for cutting tools
US5066170A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-11-19 Outboard Marine Corporation Tool bit
JPH0871831A (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill
JP2005186189A (en) * 2003-12-25 2005-07-14 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd Minute diameter end mill
JP2009220188A (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-10-01 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111975075A (en) * 2020-09-21 2020-11-24 哈尔滨理工大学 Unequal tooth variable relief angle end milling cutter

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