JP2014224611A - Air conditioner - Google Patents
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- JP2014224611A JP2014224611A JP2011202627A JP2011202627A JP2014224611A JP 2014224611 A JP2014224611 A JP 2014224611A JP 2011202627 A JP2011202627 A JP 2011202627A JP 2011202627 A JP2011202627 A JP 2011202627A JP 2014224611 A JP2014224611 A JP 2014224611A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、可燃性冷媒を用いた空気調和機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an air conditioner using a combustible refrigerant.
従来のこの種の空気調和機として、図７に示すようなものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 A conventional air conditioner of this type is shown in FIG. 7 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
図７は、上記特許文献１に記載された従来の空気調和機の室内機の構成図である。 FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an indoor unit of a conventional air conditioner described in Patent Document 1.
図７において、従来の可燃性冷媒を用いた空気調和機の室内機４６は、可燃性冷媒が流れる室内熱交換器５が配置された室内熱交換室４３と、室内熱交換器５に接続された冷媒配管４２が配置された機械室４１と、室内熱交換室４３の下部から機械室４１の下部に向って延びるドレンパン４４と、機械室４１の下部に設けられて可燃性冷媒を検知するセンサ４５とを備えている。室内熱交換器５から漏れた可燃性冷媒は、比重が空気よりも大きいので室内熱交換器５のどの位置から漏れても室内熱交換室４３の下部に流れて上記ドレンパン４４に達する。 In FIG. 7, the indoor unit 46 of the air conditioner using the conventional combustible refrigerant is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 43 and the indoor heat exchanger 5 in which the indoor heat exchanger 5 through which the combustible refrigerant flows is arranged. The machine room 41 in which the refrigerant pipe 42 is disposed, the drain pan 44 extending from the lower part of the indoor heat exchange chamber 43 toward the lower part of the machine room 41, and a sensor provided at the lower part of the machine room 41 for detecting the flammable refrigerant 45. Since the specific gravity of the combustible refrigerant leaking from the indoor heat exchanger 5 is greater than that of air, it flows to the lower part of the indoor heat exchange chamber 43 and reaches the drain pan 44 regardless of where it leaks from the indoor heat exchanger 5.
このドレンパン４４に達した可燃性冷媒は、ドレンパン４４に沿って流れて機械室４１の下部に達する。従って、機械室４１の下部に設けられた１個のセンサによって、室内熱交換室４３で漏洩した可燃性冷媒が検知されるようになっている。 The combustible refrigerant that has reached the drain pan 44 flows along the drain pan 44 and reaches the lower portion of the machine chamber 41. Therefore, the flammable refrigerant leaked in the indoor heat exchange chamber 43 is detected by one sensor provided in the lower part of the machine room 41.
しかしながら、上記従来の空気調和機の構成では、空気調和機が運転中に、センサ４５より遠い位置付近で、冷媒が室内熱交換器５から漏洩すると、室内ファン（図示せず）が作動しているため、漏洩した冷媒はドレンパンに沿って流れることなく、拡散して吹き出し口（図示せず）より散逸することになる。 However, in the configuration of the conventional air conditioner described above, when the refrigerant leaks from the indoor heat exchanger 5 near the position far from the sensor 45 while the air conditioner is in operation, an indoor fan (not shown) is activated. Therefore, the leaked refrigerant does not flow along the drain pan but diffuses and dissipates from the outlet (not shown).
漏洩した冷媒は、センサ４５に到達するのが困難であり、従って、漏洩検知が困難になる、という課題があった。 The leaked refrigerant is difficult to reach the sensor 45, and therefore, there is a problem that leakage detection becomes difficult.
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するもので、可燃性冷媒を使用した空気調和機において、空気調和機の停止・運転に係わらず、また、室内熱交換器のどこから冷媒が漏洩しても、漏洩検知センサで確実に冷媒の漏れを検知し、冷媒漏洩検知の確実性や、安全性を向上させた空気調和機を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and in an air conditioner using a flammable refrigerant, no matter where the air conditioner is stopped or operated, no matter where the refrigerant leaks from the indoor heat exchanger, An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that reliably detects refrigerant leakage with a leakage detection sensor and improves the reliability and safety of refrigerant leakage detection.
上記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和機は、可燃性冷媒を用い、圧縮機、室内熱交換器を用いて冷媒回路を構成し、前記室内熱交換器と、前記室内熱交換器を流れる冷媒と室内空気の熱交換を促進する室内ファンと、前記冷媒の漏れを検知する漏洩検知センサと、吹き出し口を備えた室内機よりなる空気調和機において、前記漏洩検知センサを前記室内熱交換器の溶接部の鉛直最下部に設置し、前記吹き出し口近傍に、吹き出し空気の一部をサンプリングすると共に前記室内熱交換器の幅と略同等の長さの導入ダクト
を設けて、前記導入ダクトの一端を開放端、他端を閉塞端とし、前記漏洩検知センサに、サンプリングした前記吹き出し空気を導入するもので、室内熱交換器のどこから冷媒が漏洩しても漏洩冷媒は導入ダクトを通り、漏洩検知センサに到達するので、漏洩検知の確実性が向上し、安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。
In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, an air conditioner of the present invention uses a combustible refrigerant, configures a refrigerant circuit using a compressor and an indoor heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger, and the indoor heat An air conditioner comprising an indoor fan that promotes heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing through the exchanger and room air, a leak detection sensor that detects leakage of the refrigerant, and an indoor unit that includes a blowout port. Installed at the lowest vertical part of the welded portion of the indoor heat exchanger, and in the vicinity of the blowout port, a part of the blown air is sampled and an introduction duct having a length substantially equal to the width of the indoor heat exchanger is provided, One end of the introduction duct is an open end, the other end is a closed end, and the sampled blown air is introduced into the leak detection sensor. As, since reaching the leak detection sensor improves the reliability of leak detection, it is possible to provide a highly safe air conditioner.
本発明によれば、可燃性冷媒を使用した空気調和機において、空気調和機の停止・運転に係わらず、室内熱交換器のどこから冷媒が漏洩しても漏洩検知センサで検知可能として、冷媒漏洩検知の確実性を向上することで安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。 According to the present invention, in an air conditioner using a flammable refrigerant, regardless of whether the air conditioner is stopped or operated, the refrigerant leakage can be detected by the leak detection sensor regardless of where the refrigerant leaks from the indoor heat exchanger. A highly safe air conditioner can be provided by improving the certainty of detection.
第１の発明は、可燃性冷媒を用い、圧縮機、室内熱交換器を用いて冷媒回路を構成し、前記室内熱交換器と、前記室内熱交換器を流れる冷媒と室内空気の熱交換を促進する室内ファンと、前記冷媒の漏れを検知する漏洩検知センサと、吹き出し口を備えた室内機よりなる空気調和機において、前記漏洩検知センサを前記室内熱交換器の溶接部の鉛直最下部に設置し、前記吹き出し口近傍に、吹き出し空気の一部をサンプリングすると共に前記室内熱交換器の幅と略同等の長さの導入ダクトを設けて、前記導入ダクトの一端を開放端、他端を閉塞端とし、前記漏洩検知センサに、サンプリングした前記吹き出し空気を導入するもので、室内熱交換器のどこから冷媒が漏洩しても漏洩冷媒は導入ダクトを通り、漏洩検知センサに到達するので、漏洩検知の確実性が向上し、安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。 1st invention uses a combustible refrigerant | coolant, comprises a refrigerant circuit using a compressor and an indoor heat exchanger, and heat-exchanges the said indoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant | coolant which flows through the said indoor heat exchanger, and indoor air. In an air conditioner comprising an indoor fan that promotes, a leak detection sensor that detects leakage of the refrigerant, and an indoor unit that includes a blowout port, the leak detection sensor is disposed at the lowest vertical portion of the welded portion of the indoor heat exchanger. And installing an introduction duct having a length substantially the same as the width of the indoor heat exchanger, sampling one part of the blown air in the vicinity of the outlet, and opening one end of the introduction duct and the other end. Since the sampled blown air is introduced into the leak detection sensor, the leaked refrigerant passes through the introduction duct and reaches the leak detection sensor no matter where the refrigerant leaks from the indoor heat exchanger. Certainty of detection is improved, and it is possible to provide a highly safe air conditioner.
第２の発明は、特に、第１の発明の室内ファンが停止中の場合、冷媒漏洩の検知を行なうために一定時間ごとに室内ファンを運転する室内ファン運転手段を設けたもので、室内ファンが停止した時でも強制的に室内ファンを運転し、冷媒検知を行なうことができるので、漏洩検知の確実性が向上でき、安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。 The second invention is provided with an indoor fan operating means for operating the indoor fan at regular intervals in order to detect refrigerant leakage, particularly when the indoor fan of the first invention is stopped. Even when the engine stops, the indoor fan can be forcibly operated to detect the refrigerant, so that the reliability of leakage detection can be improved and a highly safe air conditioner can be provided.
第３の発明は、特に、第１又は第２の室内熱交換器の溶接部の鉛直最下部の同一箇所に複数の漏洩検知センサを設置し、常時はそのうちの一つで漏洩検知を行い、冷媒漏れを検知した時他の漏洩検知センサを使用して冷媒漏れの確認を行なう漏洩確認手段を備えたもので、漏洩検知センサの精度劣化などによる誤検知を防止することができるので、漏洩検知の確実性が向上でき、安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。 In particular, the third invention has a plurality of leak detection sensors installed at the same location in the vertical bottom of the welded portion of the first or second indoor heat exchanger, and normally detects leaks in one of them. It is equipped with a leak checker that uses other leak detection sensors to detect refrigerant leaks when it detects a leak, and can prevent false detections due to deterioration of the accuracy of the leak detection sensor. The reliability of the air can be improved, and a highly safe air conditioner can be provided.
第４の発明は、特に、第１〜３のいずれか一つの発明の可燃性冷媒に着臭剤を付加し、複数の漏洩検知センサの少なくとも一つをにおいセンサとするもので、冷媒検知センサと別方式のセンサを使用することで、漏洩検知センサの精度劣化などによる誤検知を防止することができるので、漏洩冷媒検知の確実性が向上することができ、より安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。 In particular, the fourth invention adds an odorant to the flammable refrigerant of any one of the first to third inventions and uses at least one of a plurality of leakage detection sensors as an odor sensor. By using a different type of sensor, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection due to deterioration of the accuracy of the leak detection sensor, so that the reliability of leaked refrigerant detection can be improved, and the air conditioner with higher safety Can provide.
（実施の形態１）
以下に、本発明の実施の形態１における空気調和機について、図１〜５を用いて説明す
る。図１は、本実施の形態における空気調和機の構成図である。
(Embodiment 1)
Below, the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated using FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the present embodiment.
本実施の形態における空気調和機は、可燃性冷媒を用いたものであり、可燃性冷媒としてはプロパン、イソブタンなど自然冷媒でも良いし、ＨＦＯ１２３４ｙｆ、Ｒ３２やその混合冷媒など弱燃性、微燃性の冷媒でも良い。また、冷媒にはメチルメルカプタンやテトラヒドロチオフェン等の着臭剤が添加されている。 The air conditioner in the present embodiment uses a flammable refrigerant. The flammable refrigerant may be a natural refrigerant such as propane or isobutane, or may be weakly flammable or slightly flammable such as HFO1234yf, R32 or a mixed refrigerant thereof. The refrigerant may be used. Further, an odorant such as methyl mercaptan or tetrahydrothiophene is added to the refrigerant.
図１において、本実施の形態による空気調和機は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機１と、冷房・暖房運転時の冷媒回路を切り替える四方弁２と、冷媒と外気の熱を交換する室外熱交換器３と、室外熱交換器３内を流れる冷媒と外気との熱交換を促進する室外ファン８と、冷媒を減圧する絞り装置４と、冷媒と室内空気の熱を交換する室内熱交換器５と、室内熱交換器５内を流れる冷媒と室内空気の熱交換を促進する室内ファン７で構成される。 1, the air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes a compressor 1 that compresses refrigerant, a four-way valve 2 that switches a refrigerant circuit during cooling / heating operation, and an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and outside air. 3, an outdoor fan 8 that promotes heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the outside air, a throttling device 4 that decompresses the refrigerant, and an indoor heat exchanger 5 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the indoor air. And an indoor fan 7 that promotes heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the room air.
また、室外機２２は、圧縮機１と、四方弁２と、室外熱交換器３と、室外ファン８で構成され、室内機２１は、室内熱交換器５と、室内ファン７で構成されている。 The outdoor unit 22 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, and an outdoor fan 8, and the indoor unit 21 includes an indoor heat exchanger 5 and an indoor fan 7. Yes.
圧縮機１と、四方弁２と、室外熱交換器３と、絞り装置４及び室内熱交換器５は、環状に接続されている。室外機２２は、屋外に設置され、室内機２１は、屋内に設置されており、室外機２２と室内機２１は、液側接続管２３とガス側接続管２４で接続されている。 The compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the expansion device 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 5 are connected in an annular shape. The outdoor unit 22 is installed outdoors, the indoor unit 21 is installed indoors, and the outdoor unit 22 and the indoor unit 21 are connected by a liquid side connection pipe 23 and a gas side connection pipe 24.
そして、室内機２１内に設置されている一体型漏洩検知センサ１２は、複数の漏洩検知センサ１０から構成されているが、本実施の形態では、漏洩検知センサ１０と、においセンサ１１の各１個、合計２個で、１個の一体型漏洩検知センサ１２を構成しているとして説明を進める。 The integrated leak detection sensor 12 installed in the indoor unit 21 includes a plurality of leak detection sensors 10, but in the present embodiment, each of the leak detection sensor 10 and the odor sensor 11 is one. The description will be made assuming that one integrated leak detection sensor 12 is constituted by a total of two pieces.
制御装置１５は、室内ファン７が停止中の場合、冷媒漏洩の検知を行なうために、一定時間ごとに室内ファン７を運転する室内ファン運転手段１３、及び、においセンサ１１を漏洩検知センサ１０が設置されている同一箇所に設置して、常時は、漏洩検知センサ１０で漏洩検知を行い、漏洩検知センサ１０が冷媒漏れを検知した時に、においセンサ１１を使用して冷媒漏れの確認を行なう漏洩確認手段１４から構成されている。 When the indoor fan 7 is stopped, the controller 15 detects the refrigerant leakage and the indoor fan operating means 13 for operating the indoor fan 7 at regular intervals and the odor sensor 11 are detected by the leak detection sensor 10. Leakage that is installed at the same location where the leak is detected by the leak detection sensor 10 and when the leak detection sensor 10 detects a refrigerant leak, the odor sensor 11 is used to check the refrigerant leak. The confirmation means 14 is configured.
尚、上記においセンサ１１と漏洩検知センサ１０が入れ替わっても構わない。 The odor sensor 11 and the leak detection sensor 10 may be interchanged.
図２は、室内機２１の断面図である。矢印は、空気の流れ方向を示している。また、風向調整板３０で、吹き出し口２９から室内ファン７によって吹き出される気流方向を使用者が調整できる。また、フラップ２８は、室内ファン７の運転時に開いて（実線で示す）空気が流れる様に風路を形成し、室内ファン７の停止時には、閉止（破線で示す）して空気の流れを遮断するようになっている。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the indoor unit 21. Arrows indicate the direction of air flow. In addition, the user can adjust the direction of the airflow blown out from the air outlet 29 by the indoor fan 7 with the airflow direction adjusting plate 30. Further, the flap 28 opens when the indoor fan 7 is in operation (shown by a solid line) to form an air passage so that air flows. When the indoor fan 7 is stopped, the flap 28 is closed (shown by a broken line) to block the air flow. It is supposed to be.
導入ダクト１６は、導入ダクト入口１７から吹き出し口２９近傍の空気の一部をサンプリングして一体型漏洩検知センサ１２に誘導する。 The introduction duct 16 samples a part of the air near the outlet 29 from the introduction duct inlet 17 and guides it to the integrated leak detection sensor 12.
図３は、室内機２１の前面図である。冷媒の通路を構成するために、破線で示した室内熱交換器５の端部をＵ字型接続管９で溶接接続している。 FIG. 3 is a front view of the indoor unit 21. In order to configure the refrigerant passage, the end portion of the indoor heat exchanger 5 indicated by a broken line is connected by welding with a U-shaped connecting pipe 9.
また、導入ダクト１６、導入ダクト入口１７は、室内熱交換器５と概略同程度の長さがあり、片側が、閉塞端３８、もう一方が開放端３９になっている。また、室内機２１内部と外部をつなぐ空気抜き穴２０を設けている。 The introduction duct 16 and the introduction duct inlet 17 have approximately the same length as the indoor heat exchanger 5, and one side is a closed end 38 and the other is an open end 39. Moreover, the air vent hole 20 which connects the inside of the indoor unit 21 and the outside is provided.
尚、室内機２１の機密性が特に高くない場合、空気抜き穴２０を設置しなくても構わな
い。
In addition, when the confidentiality of the indoor unit 21 is not particularly high, the air vent hole 20 may not be installed.
さらに、溶接されたＵ字型接続管９の中で最も鉛直下側に位置するＵ字型接続管９の同等位置または下部であり、かつ、開放端３９の近傍に一体型漏洩検知センサ１２を設置している。 Further, the integrated leak detection sensor 12 is located at the same position or the lower part of the welded U-shaped connecting pipe 9 and located at the lowermost vertical position of the U-shaped connecting pipe 9 and in the vicinity of the open end 39. It is installed.
即ち、溶接による接続部が室内熱交換器５の片側の端部に集中し、また漏洩ガスは、空気の比重より大きく鉛直下部に降下していくことから、Ｕ字型接続管９の中で最も鉛直下側に位置するＵ字型接続管９の同等位置または下部に、一体型漏洩検知センサ１２を設置して、Ｕ字型接続管９の溶接による接続部からの漏洩検知を行い、また開放端３９近傍に設置することで室内熱交換器５の風路からの漏洩検知を同時に行なうことができる様にした。 That is, the welded connection portion concentrates on one end of the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the leaked gas descends to a lower vertical portion than the specific gravity of the air. An integrated leak detection sensor 12 is installed at the equivalent position or the lower part of the U-shaped connecting pipe 9 located on the most vertically lower side, and leak detection from the connecting portion by welding of the U-shaped connecting pipe 9 is performed. By installing it in the vicinity of the open end 39, leakage from the air passage of the indoor heat exchanger 5 can be detected simultaneously.
この様に構成された、本実施の形態における空気調和機について動作を説明する。 The operation of the air conditioner in this embodiment configured as described above will be described.
先ず、冷房運転時には、圧縮機１によって圧縮された冷媒は、高温高圧の冷媒となって四方弁２を通って室外熱交換器３に送られる。そして、室外ファン８によって外気と熱交換を促進して放熱し、高圧の液冷媒となり絞り装置４に送られる。絞り装置４では、減圧されて低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、液側接続管２３を通って、室内熱交換器５に送られる。 First, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the four-way valve 2 as a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. Then, the outdoor fan 8 promotes heat exchange with the outside air to dissipate heat and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant that is sent to the expansion device 4. In the expansion device 4, the pressure is reduced to form a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, which is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 5 through the liquid side connection pipe 23.
室内ファン７によって吸い込まれた室内空気は、室内熱交換器５を通って冷媒と熱交換し、冷媒は、室内空気の熱を吸熱し蒸発気化して低温のガス冷媒となる。このとき、冷媒によって吸熱された室内空気は、温度湿度が低下して室内ファン７によって室内に吹き出され室内を冷房し、ガス冷媒は、ガス側接続管２４を通って四方弁２に入り、圧縮機１に戻る。 The indoor air sucked by the indoor fan 7 exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the indoor heat exchanger 5, and the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the indoor air and evaporates to become a low-temperature gas refrigerant. At this time, the indoor air absorbed by the refrigerant is reduced in temperature and humidity and blown into the room by the indoor fan 7 to cool the room, and the gas refrigerant enters the four-way valve 2 through the gas side connection pipe 24 and is compressed. Return to machine 1.
この時、室内ファン７によって吹き出された空気の一部は、風圧により導入ダクト入口１７から導入ダクト１６に入り、閉塞端３８の反対側に設置した開放端３９を通って一体型漏洩検知センサ１２に至り、空気抜き穴２０より外部に出る。室内ファン７によって吹き出された空気は、室内熱交換器５を通過した全ての空気を混合しているため、導入ダクト１６に入る吹き出し空気の一部もまた室内熱交換器５を通過した全ての空気を混合した一部となる。 At this time, part of the air blown out by the indoor fan 7 enters the introduction duct 16 from the introduction duct inlet 17 due to the wind pressure, passes through the open end 39 installed on the opposite side of the closed end 38, and the integrated leak detection sensor 12. To the outside through the air vent hole 20. Since the air blown out by the indoor fan 7 mixes all the air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 5, part of the blown air that enters the introduction duct 16 also passes through all of the indoor heat exchanger 5. It becomes a part mixed with air.
そして、暖房運転時には、圧縮機１によって圧縮された冷媒は、高温高圧の冷媒となって四方弁２を通りガス側接続管２４に送られる。室内ファン７によって吸い込まれた室内空気は室内熱交換器５を通って冷媒と熱交換し、冷媒は、室内空気へ熱を放熱し凝縮して高圧の液冷媒となる。 During the heating operation, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, passes through the four-way valve 2, and is sent to the gas side connecting pipe 24. The indoor air sucked by the indoor fan 7 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 5 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and the refrigerant dissipates heat to the indoor air and condenses to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
この時、室内ファン７によって吹き出された空気の一部は、風圧により導入ダクト入口１７から導入ダクト１６に入り、閉塞端３８の反対側に設置した開放端３９を通って一体型漏洩検知センサ１２に至り、空気抜き穴２０より外部に出る。室内ファン７によって吹き出された空気は、室内熱交換器５を通過した全ての空気を混合しているため、導入ダクト１６に入る吹き出し空気の一部もまた室内熱交換器５を通過した全ての空気を混合した一部となる。 At this time, part of the air blown out by the indoor fan 7 enters the introduction duct 16 from the introduction duct inlet 17 due to the wind pressure, passes through the open end 39 installed on the opposite side of the closed end 38, and the integrated leak detection sensor 12. To the outside through the air vent hole 20. Since the air blown out by the indoor fan 7 mixes all the air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 5, part of the blown air that enters the introduction duct 16 also passes through all of the indoor heat exchanger 5. It becomes a part mixed with air.
またこの時、室内空気は、冷媒の熱を吸熱し温度が上昇した状態で室内ファン７によって室内に吹き出され室内を暖房する。 Further, at this time, the indoor air is blown into the room by the indoor fan 7 in a state where the temperature of the room air is increased by absorbing the heat of the refrigerant, thereby heating the room.
その後、冷媒は、液側接続管２３を通って絞り装置４に送られ、絞り装置４において減
圧されて低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、室外熱交換器３に送られて、室外ファン８によって外気と熱交換を促進して蒸発気化し、四方弁２を経由して圧縮機１へ戻される。この様にして冷・暖房運転がなされる。
Thereafter, the refrigerant is sent to the expansion device 4 through the liquid side connecting pipe 23, is decompressed in the expansion device 4, becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and is outside air by the outdoor fan 8. Heat exchange is promoted to evaporate and return to the compressor 1 via the four-way valve 2. In this way, cooling and heating operations are performed.
よって、室内ファン７が運転されることにより吹き出された空気の一部は、風圧により導入ダクト入口１７から導入ダクト１６に入り、閉塞端３８の反対側に設置した開放端３９を通って、一体型漏洩検知センサ１２に至り空気抜き穴２０より外部に出ることになる。 Therefore, a part of the air blown out by the operation of the indoor fan 7 enters the introduction duct 16 from the introduction duct inlet 17 due to the wind pressure, passes through the open end 39 installed on the opposite side of the closed end 38, and passes through the open end 39. The body leak detection sensor 12 is reached and exits from the air vent hole 20.
次に、漏洩検知センサ１０、においセンサ１１の検知原理について説明する。図４は、漏洩検知センサ１０に用いる半導体式センサの原理図である。触媒である金属酸化物半導体３１、例えばＳｎＯ2をＩｒ−Ｐｄ合金線などのヒーター兼用電極３３で、４００℃程度まで加熱し、金属酸化物半導体３１表面でのガス吸着による電気伝導度の変化をリード線３２より測定してガス濃度を検知する。 Next, the detection principle of the leak detection sensor 10 and the odor sensor 11 will be described. FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of a semiconductor sensor used for the leak detection sensor 10. A metal oxide semiconductor 31 as a catalyst, for example, SnO 2 is heated to about 400 ° C. with a heater combined electrode 33 such as an Ir—Pd alloy wire, and a change in electric conductivity due to gas adsorption on the surface of the metal oxide semiconductor 31 is observed. The gas concentration is detected by measuring from the lead wire 32.
図５は、においセンサ１１に用いる接触燃焼式センサの原理図である。白金線コイル３４の上に、酸化触媒をアルミナ担体３５と共に焼結した検知素子３７と、ガスに不活性なアルミナとガラスの混合物を焼結した補償素子から構成され、触媒３６表面でのガスの接触燃焼による白金線コイル３４の温度上昇の変化を白金線ガス濃度と比例するコイル３４の抵抗値として測定する。 FIG. 5 is a principle diagram of a contact combustion type sensor used for the odor sensor 11. On the platinum wire coil 34, a sensing element 37 in which an oxidation catalyst is sintered together with an alumina carrier 35 and a compensation element in which a mixture of alumina and glass inert to gas is sintered are formed. A change in temperature rise of the platinum wire coil 34 due to contact combustion is measured as a resistance value of the coil 34 proportional to the platinum wire gas concentration.
本実施の形態では、検知原理の異なる漏洩検知センサ１０と、においセンサ１１を一体にした一体型漏洩検知センサ１２を設置しており、片側のセンサで冷媒漏れを検知した時、他のセンサを使用して冷媒漏れの確認を行なうことにより誤検知を防止している。 In this embodiment, a leak detection sensor 10 having a different detection principle and an integrated leak detection sensor 12 in which an odor sensor 11 is integrated are installed. When one side of the sensor detects a refrigerant leak, Misuse detection is prevented by using it and confirming refrigerant leakage.
次に、制御装置１５の制御動作について、図６のフローチャートで説明する。 Next, the control operation of the control device 15 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
ＳＴＥＰ０１では、通常の冷暖房運転を行ない、空気調和機が停止した場合、ＳＴＥＰ０２に移行する。ＳＴＥＰ０２では、一定時間毎にＳＴＥＰ０３に移行して室内ファン運転手段１３により室内ファン７のみを一定時間運転する。 In STEP01, when normal air-conditioning operation is performed and an air conditioner stops, it transfers to STEP02. In STEP02, the routine proceeds to STEP03 every predetermined time, and only the indoor fan 7 is operated for a predetermined time by the indoor fan operating means 13.
ＳＴＥＰ０１で冷暖房運転を継続している場合またはＳＴＥＰ０３で室内ファン制御を行なった後は、ＳＴＥＰ１０へ移行する。 When the air conditioning operation is continued in STEP01 or after the indoor fan control is performed in STEP03, the process proceeds to STEP10.
ＳＴＥＰ１０で、漏洩検知センサ１０は、導入ダクト１６によって導かれた吹き出し空気の一部により一体型漏洩検知センサ１２で冷媒の漏洩の有無を検知する。 In STEP 10, the leakage detection sensor 10 detects the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage by the integrated leakage detection sensor 12 based on a part of the blown air guided by the introduction duct 16.
漏洩が検知された場合、ＳＴＥＰ１１に移行する。ＳＴＥＰ１１では、漏洩確認手段１４が、一体型漏洩検知センサ１２内の他のセンサでの検知を行なうためＳＴＥＰ１２に移行する。 When leakage is detected, the process proceeds to STEP11. In STEP 11, the leakage confirmation unit 14 proceeds to STEP 12 in order to perform detection by other sensors in the integrated leakage detection sensor 12.
ＳＴＥＰ１２で漏洩が検知された場合には、冷媒漏洩であることを確定してポンプダウンまたはリモコン（図示せず）などへ表示を行い、空気調和機の運転を停止する。 If a leak is detected in STEP 12, it is confirmed that the refrigerant is leaking, and a pump down or a remote control (not shown) is displayed, and the operation of the air conditioner is stopped.
ＳＴＥＰ１０及びＳＴＥＰ１２で漏洩が検知されなかった場合には、ＳＴＥＰ１３に移行する。ＳＴＥＰ１３では、ＳＴＥＰ１０へ移行した手前の制御が運転制御であればＳＴＥＰ０１に移行して制御を継続し、室内ファン運転制御であればＳＴＥＰ０２に移行して制御を継続する。 If no leak is detected in STEP 10 and STEP 12, the process proceeds to STEP 13. In STEP 13, if the control immediately before the transition to STEP 10 is the operation control, the process proceeds to STEP 01 and the control is continued. If the control is the indoor fan operation control, the process proceeds to STEP 02 and the control is continued.
この様にして、可燃性冷媒を使用した空気調和機において、空気調和機の停止・運転に
係わらず、また、室内熱交換器５のどこから冷媒が漏洩しても、漏洩検知センサ１０で検知可能として、冷媒漏洩検知の確実性を向上することで安全性の高い空気調和機を提供できる。
In this way, in an air conditioner using a flammable refrigerant, the leak detection sensor 10 can detect whether the refrigerant leaks from anywhere in the indoor heat exchanger 5 regardless of whether the air conditioner is stopped or operated. As a result, it is possible to provide a highly safe air conditioner by improving the reliability of refrigerant leakage detection.
本発明に係る空気調和機は、可燃性冷媒、例えば、プロパンガス、イソブタンなど自然冷媒やＨＦＯ１２３４ｙｆ、Ｒ３２やその混合冷媒など弱燃性、微燃性の冷媒の漏洩検知の確実性を向上させて、安全性を向上させることができるもので、空気調和機に限らず、四方弁を有しない機器、例えば、加熱専用の給湯機等や、冷却専用のクーラーや冷凍庫等にも広く応用できるものである。 The air conditioner according to the present invention improves the reliability of detection of leakage of flammable refrigerants, such as natural refrigerants such as propane gas and isobutane, and weakly flammable and slightly flammable refrigerants such as HFO1234yf, R32 and mixed refrigerants thereof. It can improve safety and is widely applicable not only to air conditioners but also to devices that do not have a four-way valve, such as water heaters dedicated to heating, coolers and freezers dedicated to cooling, etc. is there.
１ 圧縮機
２ 四方弁
３ 室外熱交換器
４ 絞り装置
５ 室内熱交換器
７ 室内ファン
１０ 漏洩検知センサ
１１ においセンサ
１３ 室内ファン運転手段
１４ 漏洩確認手段
１６ 導入ダクト
２１ 室内機
２９ 吹き出し口
３８ 閉塞端
３９ 開放端
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Outdoor heat exchanger 4 Throttle device 5 Indoor heat exchanger 7 Indoor fan 10 Leakage detection sensor 11 Odor sensor 13 Indoor fan operation means 14 Leakage confirmation means 16 Introduction duct 21 Indoor unit 29 Outlet port 38 Closed end 39 Open end
Claims (4)
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| JP2011202627A JP2014224611A (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Air conditioner |
| PCT/JP2012/005894 WO2013038703A1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2012-09-14 | Air conditioner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2011202627A JP2014224611A (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Air conditioner |
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| JP2014224611A true JP2014224611A (en) | 2014-12-04 |
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| WO (1) | WO2013038703A1 (en) |
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| WO2019224865A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Air conditioner and packaging set for air conditioner |
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|---|---|
| WO2013038703A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
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