JP2014179267A - Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery - Google Patents

Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2014179267A
JP2014179267A JP2013053254A JP2013053254A JP2014179267A JP 2014179267 A JP2014179267 A JP 2014179267A JP 2013053254 A JP2013053254 A JP 2013053254A JP 2013053254 A JP2013053254 A JP 2013053254A JP 2014179267 A JP2014179267 A JP 2014179267A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
valve
lid structure
internal pressure
cylindrical battery
vent hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2013053254A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Shibaoka
浩行 柴岡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FDK Twicell Co Ltd
Original Assignee
FDK Twicell Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FDK Twicell Co Ltd filed Critical FDK Twicell Co Ltd
Priority to JP2013053254A priority Critical patent/JP2014179267A/en
Publication of JP2014179267A publication Critical patent/JP2014179267A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lid structure of a cylindrical-shaped battery having less risk that safety is impaired when abnormalities such as internal short-circuit of the cylindrical-shaped battery occur.SOLUTION: A lid structure 30 for sealing an opening of a bottomed cylindrical shaped outer can 10 includes: a first safety valve 35 which is opened when internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds a first valve working pressure and closed when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 is reduced equal to or lower than the first valve working pressure; and a second safety valve 36 which is opened when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds a second valve working pressure higher than the first valve working pressure and prevented from being closed even if the internal pressure of the outer can 10 is reduced equal to or lower than the second valve working pressure after being opened.

Description

本発明は、有底円筒形状の外装缶の開口を封止する円筒形電池の蓋構造体、該蓋構造体を備える円筒形電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a cylindrical battery lid structure that seals the opening of a bottomed cylindrical outer can, and a cylindrical battery including the lid structure.

有底円筒形状の外装缶と、外装缶に収容された電極体と、外装缶の開口を封止する蓋構造体とを備える円筒形電池として、例えばアルカリマンガン乾電池等の一次電池、ニカド二次電池、ニッケル水素二次電池、リチウムイオン二次電池等の二次電池が公知である。このような円筒形電池は、例えば過放電や誤充電等によって内部にガスが異常発生して内圧が上昇する虞があり、また例えば二次電池は充放電サイクルによって内圧が上昇する場合がある。そのため一般的に円筒形電池の蓋構造体には、内圧が一定の弁作動圧に達すると開弁して内部のガスを外部に放出し、そのガスの放出により内圧が弁作動圧より低下すると閉弁する復帰式の安全弁機構が設けられている。この安全弁機構が設けられた蓋構造体によって、円筒形電池の内圧は一定の圧力以下に維持される。   As a cylindrical battery having a bottomed cylindrical outer can, an electrode body accommodated in the outer can, and a lid structure for sealing the opening of the outer can, for example, a primary battery such as an alkaline manganese dry battery, a NiCad secondary Secondary batteries such as batteries, nickel metal hydride secondary batteries, and lithium ion secondary batteries are known. In such a cylindrical battery, for example, an internal gas may be abnormally generated due to overdischarge or erroneous charging, and the internal pressure may increase. For example, in a secondary battery, the internal pressure may increase due to a charge / discharge cycle. Therefore, in general, the lid structure of a cylindrical battery opens when the internal pressure reaches a certain valve operating pressure, releases the internal gas to the outside, and when the internal pressure drops below the valve operating pressure due to the release of the gas. A return-type safety valve mechanism that closes the valve is provided. The internal pressure of the cylindrical battery is maintained below a certain pressure by the lid structure provided with the safety valve mechanism.

このような円筒形電池の蓋構造体の一例としては、ガス抜き孔が形成された封口板と、弾性を有する材料で形成され、ガス抜き孔を塞ぐように封口板に当接する弁体とを備えるものが公知である（例えば特許文献１を参照）。このような構成の蓋構造体は、円筒形電池の内圧が弁作動圧を超えると、その内圧によって弁体が弾性変形して弁体と封口板との当接面に隙間が生じてガス抜き孔が開いた状態となり、円筒形電池の内部のガスがガス抜き孔から外部へ放出される。そして円筒形電池の内圧が弁作動圧以下に低下すると、その弁体の弾性変形が元に戻り、ガス抜き孔が弁体に塞がれて閉じた状態に復帰する。   As an example of the lid structure of such a cylindrical battery, a sealing plate formed with a vent hole and a valve body made of an elastic material and contacting the sealing plate so as to close the vent hole. What is provided is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When the internal pressure of the cylindrical battery exceeds the valve operating pressure, the lid structure having such a configuration causes the valve body to elastically deform due to the internal pressure, and a gap is generated in the contact surface between the valve body and the sealing plate, thereby releasing gas. The hole is opened, and the gas inside the cylindrical battery is released to the outside through the vent hole. When the internal pressure of the cylindrical battery drops below the valve operating pressure, the elastic deformation of the valve body returns to the original state, and the gas vent hole is closed by the valve body and returns to the closed state.

特開平７−２３０７９９号公報JP-A-7-230799

近年、円筒形電池は、さらなる電池容量の増加や自己放電特性の改善等がなされており、それによってエネルギー密度が増加している。そのため従来の蓋構造体は、円筒形電池の内部短絡等によって円筒形電池の内圧が急激に上昇したときに、その急激な内圧の上昇に復帰式安全弁が十分に追従できず、円筒形電池の安全性が損なわれる虞がある。また円筒形電池の内部短絡等によって円筒形電池の内部が高温になると、その円筒形電池の内部の部材が溶融する場合がある。そして従来の蓋構造体は、外装缶の内圧が弁作動圧を超えている間だけ開弁するという復帰式安全弁の構造上、外装缶の内部の部材が溶融したときに、その溶融物の一部が安全弁に詰まってしまう場合がある。そのため従来の蓋構造体は、外装缶の内部のガスを外部へ放出できなくなる可能性があり、それによって円筒形電池の安全性が損なわれる虞がある。   In recent years, cylindrical batteries have been further increased in battery capacity, improved in self-discharge characteristics, and the like, thereby increasing energy density. Therefore, when the internal pressure of the cylindrical battery suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit of the cylindrical battery, the conventional lid structure cannot sufficiently follow the rapid increase in internal pressure, and the Safety may be impaired. Moreover, when the inside of a cylindrical battery becomes high temperature by the internal short circuit of a cylindrical battery, the member inside the cylindrical battery may melt. The conventional lid structure is a resettable safety valve that opens only while the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the valve operating pressure, so when a member inside the outer can is melted, The part may be clogged with the safety valve. Therefore, the conventional lid structure may not be able to release the gas inside the outer can to the outside, which may impair the safety of the cylindrical battery.

このような状況に鑑み本発明はなされたものであり、その目的は、円筒形電池の内部短絡等の異常時に安全性が損なわれる虞が少ない円筒形電池の蓋構造体を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical battery lid structure that is less likely to lose safety when an abnormality such as an internal short circuit of the cylindrical battery occurs. .

＜本発明の第１の態様＞
本発明の第１の態様は、有底円筒形状の外装缶の開口を封止する円筒形電池の蓋構造体であって、前記外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、前記外装缶の内圧が前記第１弁作動圧以下に低下したときに閉弁する第１安全弁と、前記外装缶の内圧が前記第１弁作動圧より高い第２弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、開弁後は前記外装缶の内圧が前記第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても閉弁しない第２安全弁と、を備える、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。 <First Aspect of the Present Invention>
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lid structure for a cylindrical battery for sealing an opening of a bottomed cylindrical outer can, which is opened when an internal pressure of the outer can exceeds a first valve operating pressure. A first safety valve that closes when the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the first valve operating pressure, and an internal pressure of the outer can exceeds a second valve operating pressure that is higher than the first valve operating pressure. And a second safety valve that does not close when the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the second valve operating pressure after the valve is opened. It is a structure.

第１安全弁は、円筒形電池の外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に低下したときに閉弁する。つまり第１安全弁は、復帰式の安全弁である。したがって円筒形電池は、例えば充放電サイクルによって外装缶の内圧が上昇しても第１安全弁によって外装缶の内部のガスが外部に放出され、それによって外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に維持されることになる。   The first safety valve opens when the internal pressure of the outer can of the cylindrical battery exceeds the first valve operating pressure, and closes when the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the first valve operating pressure. That is, the first safety valve is a resettable safety valve. Therefore, in the cylindrical battery, for example, even if the internal pressure of the outer can rises due to the charge / discharge cycle, the gas inside the outer can is released to the outside by the first safety valve, so that the internal pressure of the outer can becomes lower than the first valve operating pressure. Will be maintained.

他方、第２安全弁は、円筒形電池の外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧より高い第２弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、開弁後は外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても閉弁しない。このように第２安全弁は、開弁後は閉弁状態に復帰しない構成であるため、外装缶の内圧が高い上昇率で急激に上昇する異常な状態になっても、その内圧の急激な上昇に追従して所定の弁作動圧（第２弁作動圧）で開弁することができる。したがって円筒形電池は、内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇したときに、その急激な内圧の上昇に第１安全弁が追従できず、外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超える状況になっても、外装缶の内圧は第２弁作動圧以下に抑制されることになる。   On the other hand, the second safety valve is opened when the internal pressure of the outer can of the cylindrical battery exceeds the second valve operating pressure higher than the first valve operating pressure, and after the valve is opened, the inner pressure of the outer can is operated by the second valve. The valve does not close even if the pressure drops below the pressure. Thus, since the second safety valve is configured to not return to the closed state after the valve is opened, even if the internal pressure of the outer can suddenly rises at a high rate of increase, the internal pressure rapidly increases. Can be opened at a predetermined valve operating pressure (second valve operating pressure). Therefore, in the cylindrical battery, when the internal pressure of the outer can suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit or the like, the first safety valve cannot follow the sudden increase in internal pressure, and the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the first valve operating pressure. Even if it becomes, the internal pressure of an armored can will be suppressed below to the 2nd valve operating pressure.

また第２安全弁は、開弁後は閉弁状態に復帰しない構成である。したがって円筒形電池は、内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇し、外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えると、その内部が外部に開放され、その後は外装缶の内圧が低下してもその開放状態が維持されることになる。それによって円筒形電池は、内部短絡等によって外装缶の内部が高温になり、外装缶の内部の部材が溶融したときに、その溶融物の一部が第２安全弁に詰まって外装缶の内部のガスや溶融物等を外部へ放出できなくなる虞が低減されることになる。   The second safety valve is configured not to return to the closed state after opening. Therefore, in the cylindrical battery, when the internal pressure of the outer can suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit or the like, and the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the second valve operating pressure, the inside is opened to the outside, and then the internal pressure of the outer can decreases. Even so, the open state is maintained. As a result, when the inside of the outer can becomes hot due to an internal short circuit or the like, and the member inside the outer can is melted, a part of the melt is clogged in the second safety valve and the cylindrical battery is inside the outer can. The possibility that the gas or the melted material cannot be discharged to the outside is reduced.

これにより本発明の第１の態様によれば、円筒形電池において、内部短絡等の異常時に安全性が損なわれる虞を低減できるという作用効果が得られる。   Thereby, according to the 1st aspect of this invention, in a cylindrical battery, the effect that the possibility that safety | security may be impaired at the time of abnormality, such as an internal short circuit, can be reduced.

＜本発明の第２の態様＞
本発明の第２の態様は、前述した本発明の第１の態様において、前記外装缶の開口を塞ぐ封口板をさらに備え、前記第１安全弁は、前記外装缶の内圧を外部へ逃がすために前記封口板に形成された第１ガス抜き孔と、前記第１ガス抜き孔を塞いだ状態で前記封口板に押圧される第１弁体とを含む、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。
例えば充放電サイクルによって外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えると、その内圧が第１弁体に作用する押圧力よりも高くなり、その内圧によって第１弁体が押し上げられ、第１ガス抜き孔を通じて外装缶の内部のガスが外部に放出される。そして外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に低下すると、第１弁体に作用する押圧力によって第１弁体が第１ガス抜き孔を塞いだ状態に復帰する。それによって円筒形電池は、外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に維持されることになる。例えばこのような構成によって、第１弁作動圧で動作する復帰式の安全弁を実現することができる。 <Second Aspect of the Present Invention>
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention described above, a sealing plate for closing the opening of the outer can is further provided, and the first safety valve is configured to release the internal pressure of the outer can to the outside. A cylindrical battery lid comprising: a first gas vent hole formed in the sealing plate; and a first valve body pressed against the sealing plate in a state in which the first gas vent hole is closed. It is a structure.
For example, when the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the first valve operating pressure due to the charge / discharge cycle, the internal pressure becomes higher than the pressing force acting on the first valve body, the first valve body is pushed up by the internal pressure, and the first gas Gas inside the outer can is released to the outside through the hole. And if the internal pressure of an armored can falls below the 1st valve operating pressure, the 1st valve body will return to the state which plugged up the 1st vent hole by the pressing force which acts on the 1st valve body. Thereby, the cylindrical battery maintains the internal pressure of the outer can below the first valve operating pressure. For example, with such a configuration, a resettable safety valve that operates at the first valve operating pressure can be realized.

＜本発明の第３の態様＞
本発明の第３の態様は、前述した本発明の第２の態様において、前記第２安全弁は、前記外装缶の内圧を外部へ逃がすために前記封口板に形成された第２ガス抜き孔と、前記第２ガス抜き孔に挿入された状態で前記第２ガス抜き孔を塞ぐ第２弁体とを含む、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。 <Third Aspect of the Present Invention>
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention described above, the second safety valve includes a second gas vent hole formed in the sealing plate to release the internal pressure of the outer can to the outside. And a second valve body that closes the second gas vent hole in a state of being inserted into the second gas vent hole.

内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇し、外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えると、その内圧によって、第２ガス抜き孔に挿入された状態で第２ガス抜き孔を塞いでいる第２弁体が第２ガス抜き孔から押し出され、第２ガス抜き孔が開放された状態になる。例えばこのような構成によって、外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えると開弁した状態になり、その後に外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても閉弁状態に復帰しない第２安全弁を実現することができる。   When the internal pressure of the outer can suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit or the like, and the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the second valve operating pressure, the internal pressure causes the second gas vent hole to be blocked in a state of being inserted into the second vent hole. The 2nd valve body which has come out is pushed out from the 2nd vent hole, and it will be in the state where the 2nd vent hole was opened. For example, with such a configuration, when the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the second valve operating pressure, the valve opens, and even if the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the second valve operating pressure, the valve returns to the closed state. A second safety valve that does not perform can be realized.

＜本発明の第４の態様＞
本発明の第４の態様は、前述した本発明の第３の態様において、前記第２弁体は、弾性を有する材料で形成され、前記第２ガス抜き孔よりも前記外装缶の内側に配置される部分に、前記封口板に沿う方向へ突出する突部が形成されている、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。 <Fourth aspect of the present invention>
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention described above, the second valve body is formed of an elastic material and is disposed inside the outer can than the second gas vent hole. The cylindrical battery lid structure is characterized in that a protruding portion that protrudes in a direction along the sealing plate is formed at a portion to be formed.

内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇すると、その内圧によって、第２ガス抜き孔から押し出される方向の力が第２弁体に作用する。このとき外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧に達するまでの間は、第２弁体の突部によって第２弁体が封口板に係止される。そして外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えると、その内圧によって第２弁体の突部が弾性変形しながら第２ガス抜き孔を通過し、それによって第２弁体が第２ガス抜き孔から押し出され、第２ガス抜き孔が開放された状態になる。   When the internal pressure of the outer can increases rapidly due to an internal short circuit or the like, a force in the direction pushed out from the second vent hole acts on the second valve body due to the internal pressure. At this time, until the internal pressure of the outer can reaches the second valve operating pressure, the second valve body is locked to the sealing plate by the protrusion of the second valve body. When the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the second valve operating pressure, the protrusion of the second valve body passes through the second gas vent hole while elastically deforming due to the internal pressure, whereby the second valve body is degassed. It is pushed out from the hole and the second vent hole is opened.

つまり本発明の第４の態様は、第２弁体の弾性変形率や突部の形状等を調整することによって、第２安全弁が開弁する第２弁作動圧を調整することができる。また外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えて第２弁体が第２ガス抜き孔から押し出された後は、外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても、その突部によって第２弁体は第２ガス抜き孔への進入が規制される。それによって第２安全弁の開弁後、外装缶の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下したときに、第２ガス抜き孔が第２弁体で塞がれてしまう虞を低減することができる。   That is, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the second valve operating pressure at which the second safety valve opens can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic deformation rate of the second valve body, the shape of the protrusion, and the like. In addition, after the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds the second valve operating pressure and the second valve body is pushed out from the second vent hole, even if the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the second valve operating pressure, the impact The second valve body is restricted from entering the second vent hole by the portion. Thereby, after the second safety valve is opened, when the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the second valve operating pressure, the possibility that the second vent hole is blocked by the second valve body can be reduced. .

＜本発明の第５の態様＞
本発明の第５の態様は、前述した本発明の第３の態様又は第４の態様において、前記封口板は、中央に前記第２ガス抜き孔が形成されており、前記第２ガス抜き孔の周囲に複数の前記第１ガス抜き孔が形成されている、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。 <Fifth aspect of the present invention>
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect or the fourth aspect of the present invention described above, the sealing plate has the second gas vent hole formed in the center, and the second gas vent hole. A plurality of the first gas vent holes are formed around the outer periphery of the cylindrical battery lid structure.

このように封口板の中央に第２ガス抜き孔を配置することによって、内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇したときに、外装缶内のガスや溶融物を容易に外部へ排出することができる。それによって円筒形電池の安全性をより向上させることができる。また第２ガス抜き孔の周囲に複数の第１ガス抜き孔を配置することによって、例えば充放電サイクルによる外装缶の内圧の変動をバランス良く抑制することができるので、外装缶の内圧に偏りを生じさせることなく、外装缶の内圧を安定的に第１弁作動圧以下に抑制することができる。   By arranging the second vent hole in the center of the sealing plate in this way, when the internal pressure of the outer can suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit or the like, the gas or melt in the outer can can be easily discharged to the outside. be able to. Thereby, the safety of the cylindrical battery can be further improved. Further, by arranging a plurality of first gas vent holes around the second gas vent holes, for example, fluctuations in the internal pressure of the outer can due to a charge / discharge cycle can be suppressed in a well-balanced manner. Without causing it, the internal pressure of the outer can can be stably suppressed below the first valve operating pressure.

＜本発明の第６の態様＞
本発明の第６の態様は、前述した本発明の第３〜第５の態様のいずれかにおいて、弾性を有する材料で形成され、前記第１弁体と前記第２弁体とを連結する連結部をさらに備える、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体である。 <Sixth aspect of the present invention>
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the third to fifth aspects of the present invention described above, the connection is formed of an elastic material and connects the first valve body and the second valve body. A cylindrical battery lid structure characterized by further comprising a portion.

第１弁体と第２弁体との相対的な位置関係は、連結部によって規定されることになる。したがって蓋構造体の製造工程において、第２弁体を第２ガス抜き孔に挿入することによって、第１ガス抜き孔を塞ぐ所定の位置に第１弁体を同時に配置することができる。また連結部は弾性を有する材料で形成されているので、第１弁体と第２弁体とが連結部で連結されていても、それによって第１安全弁及び第２安全弁の動作が互いに阻害される虞は生じない。   The relative positional relationship between the first valve body and the second valve body is defined by the connecting portion. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the lid structure, by inserting the second valve body into the second gas vent hole, the first valve body can be simultaneously disposed at a predetermined position that closes the first gas vent hole. Further, since the connecting portion is formed of an elastic material, even if the first valve body and the second valve body are connected by the connecting portion, the operations of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are thereby inhibited from each other. There is no fear of it.

このような構成であることによって本発明の第６の態様は、本発明に係る蓋構造体の製造工程を簡略化して製造コストを低減することができる。また円筒形電池に作用する振動等によって第１弁体の位置がずれてしまう虞を低減することができる。   With such a configuration, the sixth aspect of the present invention can simplify the manufacturing process of the lid structure according to the present invention and reduce the manufacturing cost. Further, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the position of the first valve element is shifted due to vibrations acting on the cylindrical battery.

＜本発明の第７の態様＞
本発明の第７の態様は、有底円筒形状の外装缶と、前記外装缶に収容される電極体と、前述した本発明の第１〜第６の態様のいずれかに記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体と、を備える円筒形電池である。
本発明の第７の態様によれば、円筒形電池において、前述した本発明の第１〜第６の態様のいずれかによる作用効果を得ることができる。 <Seventh aspect of the present invention>
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bottomed cylindrical outer can, an electrode body accommodated in the outer can, and the cylindrical battery according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention described above. A cylindrical battery.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the cylindrical battery, it is possible to obtain the operational effects of any of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention described above.

本発明によれば、円筒形電池の内部短絡等の異常時に安全性が損なわれる虞が少ない円筒形電池の蓋構造体を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the lid structure of a cylindrical battery with little possibility that safety | security will be impaired at the time of abnormality, such as an internal short circuit of a cylindrical battery, can be provided.

ニッケル水素二次電池の縦断面を図示した正面図。The front view which illustrated the longitudinal cross-section of the nickel-hydrogen secondary battery. 蓋構造体の要部を図示した断面図。Sectional drawing which illustrated the principal part of the lid structure. 封口板の平面図。The top view of a sealing board. 蓋構造体の要部を図示した平面図。The top view which illustrated the principal part of the lid structure. 第１安全弁の動作を図示した蓋構造体の要部断面図。The principal part sectional view of the lid structure which illustrated operation of the 1st safety valve. 第２安全弁の動作を図示した蓋構造体の要部断面図。Sectional drawing of the principal part of the cover structure which illustrated operation | movement of the 2nd safety valve. 蓋構造体の変形例の要部を図示した断面図。Sectional drawing which illustrated the principal part of the modification of a lid structure. 蓋構造体の変形例の要部を図示した平面図。The top view which illustrated the principal part of the modification of a lid structure.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
尚、本発明は、以下説明する実施例に特に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の範囲内で種々の変形が可能であることは言うまでもない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, this invention is not specifically limited to the Example demonstrated below, It cannot be overemphasized that a various deformation | transformation is possible within the range of the invention described in the claim.

＜ニッケル水素二次電池の構成＞
ニッケル水素二次電池１の構成について、図１を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、ニッケル水素二次電池１の縦断面を図示した正面図である。 <Configuration of nickel metal hydride secondary battery>
The configuration of the nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a longitudinal section of a nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1.

「円筒形電池」の一例である円筒型のニッケル水素二次電池１は、外装缶１０、電極体２０及び蓋構造体３０を備える。外装缶１０は、一端が開口した有底円筒形状の部材であり導電性を有している。電極体２０は、セパレータ２３を介して正極板２１と負極板２２とを重ねて渦巻き状に巻くことによって略円筒状に構成されている。蓋構造体３０は、外装缶１０の開口を封止する構造体である。ニッケル水素二次電池１は、外装缶１０に電極体２０が収容され、さらにアルカリ電解液（図示せず）が充填され、外装缶１０の開口が蓋構造体３０に閉塞されて構成されている。   A cylindrical nickel-hydrogen secondary battery 1, which is an example of a “cylindrical battery”, includes an outer can 10, an electrode body 20, and a lid structure 30. The outer can 10 is a bottomed cylindrical member having one end opened and has conductivity. The electrode body 20 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by winding the positive electrode plate 21 and the negative electrode plate 22 in a spiral shape with a separator 23 interposed therebetween. The lid structure 30 is a structure that seals the opening of the outer can 10. The nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1 is configured in such a manner that an electrode body 20 is accommodated in an outer can 10 and further filled with an alkaline electrolyte (not shown), and an opening of the outer can 10 is closed by a lid structure 30. .

正極板２１は、非焼結式ニッケル極であり、正極芯体（図示せず）と正極芯体に保持された正極合剤とからなる。正極芯体は、耐アルカリ性を有する金属材料からなり、金属繊維によって構成されたフェルト状の３次元の網目構造を有する。耐アルカリ性を有する金属材料としては、例えばニッケルを用いることができる。正極合剤は、正極活物質粒子、正極板の特性を改善するための種々の添加剤粒子、これら正極活物質粒子及び添加剤粒子の混合粒子を正極芯体に結着するための結着剤からなる。   The positive electrode plate 21 is a non-sintered nickel electrode, and includes a positive electrode core (not shown) and a positive electrode mixture held on the positive electrode core. The positive electrode core is made of a metal material having alkali resistance and has a felt-like three-dimensional network structure made of metal fibers. As the metal material having alkali resistance, for example, nickel can be used. The positive electrode mixture includes positive electrode active material particles, various additive particles for improving the characteristics of the positive electrode plate, and a binder for binding mixed particles of these positive electrode active material particles and additive particles to the positive electrode core. Consists of.

正極活物質粒子は水酸化ニッケル粒子である。水酸化ニッケル粒子は、ニッケルの平均価数が２よりも大の高次水酸化ニッケル粒子であってもよい。また水酸化ニッケル粒子は、コバルト、亜鉛、カドミウム等を固溶していてもよく、あるいはコバルト化合物で表面が被覆されていてもよい。添加剤は、酸化イットリウムの他に、酸化コバルト、金属コバルト、水酸化コバルト等のコバルト化合物、金属亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、水酸化亜鉛等の亜鉛化合物、酸化エルビウム等の希土類化合物等を用いることができる。結着剤は、親水性又は疎水性のポリマー等を用いることができる。より具体的には結着剤は、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース（ＨＰＣ）、カルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム（ＳＰＡ）のうちから選択される１種以上を使用することができる。結着剤は、例えば正極活物質粒子１００質量部に対して０．１質量部以上０．５質量部以下となるようにすればよい。   The positive electrode active material particles are nickel hydroxide particles. The nickel hydroxide particles may be higher-order nickel hydroxide particles having an average nickel valence of greater than 2. Further, the nickel hydroxide particles may be solid-solved with cobalt, zinc, cadmium or the like, or the surface may be coated with a cobalt compound. As the additive, in addition to yttrium oxide, cobalt compounds such as cobalt oxide, metal cobalt, and cobalt hydroxide, zinc compounds such as metal zinc, zinc oxide, and zinc hydroxide, rare earth compounds such as erbium oxide, and the like can be used. . As the binder, a hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer or the like can be used. More specifically, the binder may be at least one selected from hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and sodium polyacrylate (SPA). For example, the binder may be 0.1 parts by mass or more and 0.5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material particles.

負極板２２は、帯状をなす導電性の負極芯体（図示せず）に負極合剤が保持されて形成されている。負極芯体は、複数の貫通孔を有するシート状の金属材からなり、例えばパンチングメタル、金属粉末焼結体基板、エキスパンデッドメタル、ニッケルネット等を用いることができる。特にパンチングメタルや金属粉末を成型してから焼結した金属粉末焼結体基板は負極芯体に好適である。   The negative electrode plate 22 is formed by holding a negative electrode mixture on a conductive negative electrode core (not shown) having a strip shape. The negative electrode core is made of a sheet-like metal material having a plurality of through holes. For example, a punching metal, a metal powder sintered body substrate, an expanded metal, a nickel net, or the like can be used. In particular, a metal powder sintered body substrate obtained by molding punched metal or metal powder and then sintering it is suitable for the negative electrode core.

負極合剤は、水素を吸蔵及び放出可能な水素吸蔵合金粒子と結着剤とからなる。水素吸蔵合金粒子は、電池の充電時にアルカリ電解液中で電気化学的に発生させた水素を吸蔵でき、かつ放電時にその吸蔵水素を容易に放出できるものであればよい。このような水素吸蔵合金としては、特に限定されないが、例えばＬａＮｉ5やＭｍＮｉ5（Ｍｍはミッシュメタル）等のＡＢ5型系のものを用いることができる。また負極合剤は、水素吸蔵合金に代えて、例えばカドミウム化合物を用いることもできる。結着剤は、例えば親水性又は疎水性のポリマー等を用いることができる。 The negative electrode mixture is composed of hydrogen storage alloy particles capable of occluding and releasing hydrogen and a binder. The hydrogen storage alloy particles may be any particles as long as they can store hydrogen generated electrochemically in an alkaline electrolyte during battery charging and can easily release the stored hydrogen during discharge. Such a hydrogen storage alloy is not particularly limited. For example, an AB 5 type alloy such as LaNi 5 or MmNi 5 (Mm is a misch metal) can be used. Further, the negative electrode mixture may be a cadmium compound, for example, instead of the hydrogen storage alloy. As the binder, for example, a hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer can be used.

セパレータ２３は、例えばポリアミド繊維製不織布、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン繊維製不織布に親水性官能基を付与したものを材料として用いることができる。   As the separator 23, for example, a polyamide fiber nonwoven fabric or a polyolefin fiber nonwoven fabric such as polyethylene or polypropylene provided with a hydrophilic functional group can be used as a material.

ニッケル水素二次電池１は、さらに絶縁ガスケット４１、正極リード４２及び正極集電板４３を備える。絶縁ガスケット４１は、絶縁性を有する材料で形成されており、外装缶１０に対して蓋構造体３０を電気的に絶縁した状態で取り付けるための部材である。正極リード４２は、折り曲げられた状態で設けられており、蓋構造体３０の封口板３１の内面に一端が溶接され、正極集電板４３に他端が溶接されている。正極集電板４３は、円板形状の部材であり、外装缶１０にアルカリ電解液を注液するための孔４３１が中央に形成されている。   The nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1 further includes an insulating gasket 41, a positive electrode lead 42, and a positive electrode current collector plate 43. The insulating gasket 41 is formed of an insulating material, and is a member for attaching the lid structure 30 to the outer can 10 in an electrically insulated state. The positive electrode lead 42 is provided in a bent state, and has one end welded to the inner surface of the sealing plate 31 of the lid structure 30 and the other end welded to the positive electrode current collector plate 43. The positive electrode current collector plate 43 is a disk-shaped member, and a hole 431 for injecting an alkaline electrolyte into the outer can 10 is formed in the center.

正極板２１の正極芯体は、正極集電板４３側の端部に連結部２１１が形成されている。連結部２１１の径方向内面には、例えば溶接又は導電性接着剤によって、ニッケルリボン等からなる帯状の金属薄板２１２が固定されている。金属薄板２１２は、連結部２１１から突出して正極集電板４３に当接している。つまり正極集電板４３と正極板２１とは、金属薄板２１２を介して電気的に接続されている。他方、負極板２２は、ニッケル水素二次電池１の負極端子をなす外装缶１０の内周面に接した状態で、その外装缶１０と電気的に接続されている。   The positive electrode core of the positive electrode plate 21 has a connecting portion 211 formed at the end on the positive electrode current collector plate 43 side. A strip-shaped metal thin plate 212 made of a nickel ribbon or the like is fixed to the inner surface in the radial direction of the connecting portion 211 by welding or a conductive adhesive, for example. The thin metal plate 212 protrudes from the connecting portion 211 and is in contact with the positive electrode current collector plate 43. That is, the positive electrode current collector plate 43 and the positive electrode plate 21 are electrically connected via the metal thin plate 212. On the other hand, the negative electrode plate 22 is electrically connected to the outer can 10 while being in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer can 10 that forms the negative electrode terminal of the nickel-hydrogen secondary battery 1.

＜本発明に係る蓋構造体の構成＞
本発明に係る蓋構造体３０の構成について、引き続き図１も参照しつつ、図２〜図４を参照しながら説明する。
図２は、蓋構造体３０の要部を図示した断面図である。図３は、封口板３１の平面図である。図４は、蓋構造体３０の要部を図示した平面図である。 <Configuration of lid structure according to the present invention>
The configuration of the lid structure 30 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main part of the lid structure 30. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the sealing plate 31. FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating the main part of the lid structure 30.

蓋構造体３０は、外装缶１０の開口を封止する構造体であり、封口板３１、正極端子３２、第１弁体３３及び第２弁体３４を含む。   The lid structure 30 is a structure that seals the opening of the outer can 10, and includes a sealing plate 31, a positive terminal 32, a first valve body 33, and a second valve body 34.

封口板３１は、金属材料で形成された略円形の部材であり、外装缶１０の開口を塞ぐ部材である。封口板３１は、中央に円形の第２ガス抜き孔３１２、第２ガス抜き孔３１２の周囲に４つの円形の第１ガス抜き孔３１１が形成されている。封口板３１は、絶縁ガスケット４１が介装された状態で、外装缶１０の開口縁をかしめ加工することによって外装缶１０に固定されている。   The sealing plate 31 is a substantially circular member formed of a metal material, and is a member that closes the opening of the outer can 10. The sealing plate 31 is formed with a circular second gas vent hole 312 at the center and four circular first gas vent holes 311 around the second gas vent hole 312. The sealing plate 31 is fixed to the outer can 10 by caulking the opening edge of the outer can 10 with the insulating gasket 41 interposed therebetween.

封口板３１の第１ガス抜き孔３１１及び第２ガス抜き孔３１２は、外装缶１０の内圧を外部へ逃がすために形成されている。より具体的には第１ガス抜き孔３１１は、通常時、例えばニッケル水素二次電池１の充放電サイクルによって外装缶１０の内圧が上昇したときに、外装缶１０の内部のガスを外部へ放出するために設けられている。他方、第２ガス抜き孔３１２は、例えばニッケル水素二次電池１の内部短絡等の異常時に、外装缶内のガスや溶融物を外部へ排出するために設けられている。このようなことから第２ガス抜き孔３１２は、当該実施例のように、封口板３１の中央に設けるのが好ましい。それによって外装缶１０の内圧が急激に上昇したときに、外装缶１０内のガスや溶融物を容易に外部へ排出することができるので、ニッケル水素二次電池１の安全性をより向上させることができる。また第１ガス抜き孔３１１は、当該実施例のように、第２ガス抜き孔３１２の周囲に複数設けるのが好ましい。それによって例えばニッケル水素二次電池１の充放電サイクルによる外装缶１０の内圧の変動をバランス良く抑制することができるので、外装缶１０の内圧に偏りを生じさせることなく、外装缶１０の内圧を安定的に第１弁作動圧以下に抑制することができる。   The first gas vent hole 311 and the second gas vent hole 312 of the sealing plate 31 are formed to release the internal pressure of the outer can 10 to the outside. More specifically, the first vent hole 311 releases the gas inside the outer can 10 to the outside at normal times, for example, when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 rises due to the charge / discharge cycle of the nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1. Is provided to do. On the other hand, the second vent hole 312 is provided to discharge the gas and melt in the outer can to the outside when an abnormality such as an internal short circuit of the nickel hydride secondary battery 1 occurs. For this reason, the second vent hole 312 is preferably provided at the center of the sealing plate 31 as in this embodiment. As a result, when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 suddenly increases, the gas and melt in the outer can 10 can be easily discharged to the outside, so that the safety of the nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1 is further improved. Can do. Moreover, it is preferable to provide a plurality of first gas vent holes 311 around the second gas vent holes 312 as in the present embodiment. As a result, for example, fluctuations in the internal pressure of the outer can 10 due to the charge / discharge cycle of the nickel hydride secondary battery 1 can be suppressed in a well-balanced manner. It can be stably suppressed below the first valve operating pressure.

正極端子３２は、金属材料で形成されたフランジ付き円筒形状の部材であり、封口板３１の上面にスポット溶接によって固定されている。正極端子３２は、フランジ部分に複数の排出孔３２１が形成されており、円筒形状部分に複数の排出孔３２２が形成されている。   The positive electrode terminal 32 is a flanged cylindrical member formed of a metal material, and is fixed to the upper surface of the sealing plate 31 by spot welding. The positive electrode terminal 32 has a plurality of discharge holes 321 formed in the flange portion, and a plurality of discharge holes 322 formed in the cylindrical portion.

第１弁体３３は、例えばＥＰＤＭ（エチレンプロピレンジエンゴム）を主成分とするゴム等の弾性を有する材料で形成されている。第１弁体３３は、円環形状の部材であり、４つの第１ガス抜き孔３１１を塞ぐように配置された状態で封口板３１に押圧されている。より具体的には第１弁体３３は、封口板３１と正極端子３２との間に所望の圧縮率で縮設されている。この第１弁体３３と４つの第１ガス抜き孔３１１とで第１安全弁３５が構成される。   The first valve body 33 is formed of an elastic material such as rubber mainly composed of EPDM (ethylene propylene diene rubber). The first valve body 33 is an annular member, and is pressed against the sealing plate 31 in a state where the first valve body 33 is disposed so as to close the four first gas vent holes 311. More specifically, the first valve body 33 is contracted between the sealing plate 31 and the positive electrode terminal 32 at a desired compression rate. The first valve body 33 and the four first gas vent holes 311 constitute a first safety valve 35.

第２弁体３４は、第１弁体３３と同様に例えばＥＰＤＭを主成分とするゴム等の弾性を有する材料で形成されており、弁本体部３４１と鍔部３４２とで構成されている。弁本体部３４１は、その外径が第２ガス抜き孔３１２の内径以上に設定された円柱体形状であり、第２ガス抜き孔３１２に圧入されている。第２弁体３４は、弁本体部３４１が第２ガス抜き孔３１２に挿入された状態で第２ガス抜き孔３１２を塞いでいる。「突部」としての鍔部３４２は、その外径が弁本体部３４１の外径よりさらに大きい円板形状をなしている。鍔部３４２は、第２ガス抜き孔３１２よりも外装缶１０の内側に配置される部分に形成されており、封口板３１に沿う方向へ突出している。この第２弁体３４と第２ガス抜き孔３１２とで第２安全弁３６が構成される。   Similar to the first valve body 33, the second valve body 34 is made of an elastic material such as rubber mainly composed of EPDM, and includes a valve main body part 341 and a flange part 342. The valve body 341 has a cylindrical body shape whose outer diameter is set to be equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the second gas vent hole 312 and is press-fitted into the second gas vent hole 312. The second valve body 34 closes the second gas vent hole 312 in a state where the valve main body portion 341 is inserted into the second gas vent hole 312. The flange 342 as the “projection” has a disk shape whose outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the valve main body 341. The flange portion 342 is formed in a portion disposed inside the outer can 10 with respect to the second gas vent hole 312 and protrudes in a direction along the sealing plate 31. The second valve body 34 and the second gas vent hole 312 constitute a second safety valve 36.

＜第１安全弁の動作＞
第１安全弁３５の動作について、図５を参照しながら説明する。
図５は、蓋構造体３０の要部を図示した断面図であり、第１安全弁３５の動作を図示したものである。 <Operation of the first safety valve>
The operation of the first safety valve 35 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main part of the lid structure 30, and illustrates the operation of the first safety valve 35.

第１安全弁３５は、外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に低下したときに閉弁する復帰式の安全弁である。この第１弁作動圧は、例えば第１弁体３３を形成する材料の硬さや弾性変形率、封口板３１と正極端子３２との間に設置した状態における圧縮率等を調整することによって所望の弁作動圧に設定することができる。   The first safety valve 35 opens when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds the first valve operating pressure, and closes when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 drops below the first valve operating pressure. It is. For example, the first valve operating pressure is adjusted by adjusting the hardness and elastic deformation rate of the material forming the first valve body 33, the compression rate in a state of being installed between the sealing plate 31 and the positive electrode terminal 32, and the like. The valve operating pressure can be set.

第１安全弁３５は、例えば充放電サイクルによって外装缶１０の内圧が上昇し、外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えると、その外装缶１０の内圧によって、第１弁体３３が弾性変形して押し上げられた状態になる。それによって第１ガス抜き孔３１１から排出孔３２１を通じて、外装缶１０の内部のガスが外部へ放出され、外装缶１０の内圧が低下する（図５の符合Ａ）。そして外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に低下すると、第１弁体３３の弾性変形が元に戻り、第１弁体３３が第１ガス抜き孔３１１を塞いだ状態に復帰する。   In the first safety valve 35, for example, when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 rises due to a charge / discharge cycle and the internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds the first valve operating pressure, the first valve body 33 is elasticized by the internal pressure of the outer can 10. Deformed and pushed up. As a result, the gas inside the outer can 10 is released to the outside through the discharge hole 321 from the first vent hole 311, and the internal pressure of the outer can 10 decreases (reference A in FIG. 5). When the internal pressure of the outer can 10 drops below the first valve operating pressure, the elastic deformation of the first valve body 33 returns to the original state, and the first valve body 33 returns to the state of closing the first gas vent hole 311.

このようにしてニッケル水素二次電池１は、第１安全弁３５によって、例えば充放電サイクルによって外装缶１０の内圧が上昇しても外装缶１０の内部のガスが外部に放出され、それによって外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧以下に維持されることになる。   In this way, the nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1 has the first safety valve 35 to release the gas inside the outer can 10 to the outside even if the internal pressure of the outer can 10 rises due to, for example, a charge / discharge cycle, thereby The internal pressure of 10 is maintained below the first valve operating pressure.

＜第２安全弁の動作＞
第２安全弁３６の動作について、図６を参照しながら説明する。
図６は、蓋構造体３０の要部を図示した断面図であり、第２安全弁３６の動作を図示したものである。 <Operation of the second safety valve>
The operation of the second safety valve 36 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main part of the lid structure 30, and illustrates the operation of the second safety valve 36.

第２安全弁３６は、外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧（第１安全弁３５の弁作動圧）より高い第２弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、開弁後は外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても閉弁しない安全弁である。この第２弁作動圧は、例えば第２弁体３４の硬さや弾性変形率、第２弁体３４の鍔部３４２の形状等を調整することによって所望の弁作動圧に設定することができる。   The second safety valve 36 opens when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds the second valve operating pressure higher than the first valve operating pressure (the valve operating pressure of the first safety valve 35), and after opening, the outer can 10 This is a safety valve that does not close even if the internal pressure of the valve drops below the second valve operating pressure. The second valve operating pressure can be set to a desired valve operating pressure by adjusting, for example, the hardness and elastic deformation rate of the second valve body 34, the shape of the flange 342 of the second valve body 34, and the like.

第２安全弁３６は、例えば内部短絡等によって外装缶の内圧が急激に上昇すると、その内圧によって、第２ガス抜き孔３１２から押し出される方向の力が第２弁体３４に作用する。このとき外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧に達するまでの間は、第２弁体３４の鍔部３４２によって第２弁体３４が封口板３１に係止される。そして外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えると、その内圧によって第２弁体３４の鍔部３４２が弾性変形しながら第２ガス抜き孔３１２を通過し、それによって第２弁体３４が第２ガス抜き孔３１２から押し出された状態になる。それによって第２ガス抜き孔３１２が開放された状態となり、第２ガス抜き孔３１２から排出孔３２２を通じて、外装缶１０の内部のガスや溶融物等が外部へ放出され、外装缶１０の内圧が低下する（図６の符合Ｂ）。そして第２安全弁３６は、その後に外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても第２ガス抜き孔３１２が開放された状態が維持される。   In the second safety valve 36, for example, when the internal pressure of the outer can rapidly rises due to an internal short circuit or the like, the force in the direction pushed out from the second vent hole 312 acts on the second valve body 34 due to the internal pressure. At this time, the second valve body 34 is locked to the sealing plate 31 by the flange 342 of the second valve body 34 until the internal pressure of the outer can 10 reaches the second valve operating pressure. When the internal pressure of the outer can 10 exceeds the second valve operating pressure, the flange 342 of the second valve body 34 is elastically deformed by the internal pressure and passes through the second vent hole 312, thereby the second valve body 34. Is pushed out from the second vent hole 312. As a result, the second gas vent hole 312 is opened, and the gas, melt, etc. inside the outer can 10 are discharged from the second gas vent hole 312 through the discharge hole 322, and the internal pressure of the outer can 10 is increased. It decreases (symbol B in FIG. 6). The second safety valve 36 is maintained in a state in which the second vent hole 312 is opened even if the internal pressure of the outer can 10 subsequently decreases to the second valve operating pressure or less.

第２弁体３４の鍔部３４２は本発明に必須の構成要素ではないが、この鍔部３４２を設けることによって第２弁体３４は、第２ガス抜き孔３１２から押し出された後は、その鍔部３４２によって第２ガス抜き孔３１２への進入が確実に規制される。それによって第２安全弁３６の開弁後、外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に低下したときに、第２ガス抜き孔３１２が第２弁体３４で塞がれてしまう虞を低減することができる。   The flange portion 342 of the second valve body 34 is not an essential component of the present invention. However, by providing the flange portion 342, the second valve body 34 is pushed out from the second gas vent hole 312. The entry to the second vent hole 312 is reliably restricted by the flange portion 342. As a result, after the second safety valve 36 is opened, the possibility that the second vent hole 312 is blocked by the second valve element 34 when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 drops below the second valve operating pressure is reduced. can do.

このように第２安全弁３６は、開弁後は閉弁状態に復帰しない構成であるため、外装缶１０の内圧が高い上昇率で急激に上昇する異常な状態になっても、その内圧の急激な上昇に追従して所定の弁作動圧（第２弁作動圧）で開弁することができる。したがってニッケル水素二次電池１は、内部短絡等によって外装缶１０の内圧が急激に上昇したときに、その急激な内圧の上昇に第１安全弁３５が追従できず、外装缶１０の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超える状況になっても、外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧以下に抑制されることになる。   As described above, the second safety valve 36 is configured not to return to the closed state after the valve is opened. Therefore, even if the internal pressure of the outer can 10 suddenly increases at a high rate of increase, the internal pressure rapidly increases. The valve can be opened at a predetermined valve operating pressure (second valve operating pressure) following a rapid increase. Therefore, in the nickel metal hydride secondary battery 1, when the internal pressure of the outer can 10 suddenly increases due to an internal short circuit or the like, the first safety valve 35 cannot follow the sudden increase in internal pressure, and the internal pressure of the outer can 10 is the first. Even when the valve operating pressure is exceeded, the internal pressure of the outer can 10 is suppressed to be equal to or lower than the second valve operating pressure.

また第２安全弁３６は、開弁後は閉弁状態に復帰しない構成であるため、外装缶１０の内圧が第２弁作動圧を超えた後、外装缶の内圧が低下してもその開放状態が維持される。それによってニッケル水素二次電池１は、内部短絡等によって外装缶１０の内部が高温になり、外装缶１０の内部の部材（例えばセパレータ２３等）が溶融したときに、その溶融物の一部が第２安全弁３６に詰まって外装缶１０の内部のガスや溶融物等を外部へ放出できなくなる虞が低減されることになる。   Moreover, since the 2nd safety valve 36 is the structure which does not return to a valve closing state after valve opening, even if the internal pressure of an armored can falls after the internal pressure of the armored can 10 exceeds a 2nd valve operating pressure, the open state is Is maintained. As a result, when the nickel hydride secondary battery 1 has a high temperature inside the outer can 10 due to an internal short circuit or the like, and a member inside the outer can 10 (for example, the separator 23 or the like) has melted, The possibility of clogging the second safety valve 36 and preventing the gas, melt, etc. inside the outer can 10 from being released to the outside is reduced.

このようにして本発明によれば、ニッケル水素二次電池１等の円筒形電池において、内部短絡等の異常時に安全性が損なわれる虞を低減することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, in a cylindrical battery such as the nickel hydride secondary battery 1, it is possible to reduce a possibility that safety is impaired when an abnormality such as an internal short circuit occurs.

＜比較試験＞
出願人は、本発明の効果を確認すべく、従来の蓋構造体のニッケル水素二次電池と本発明に係る蓋構造体３０を用いたニッケル水素二次電池１との比較試験を行った。具体的には高さ５０ｍｍ、外径φ１４ｍｍで容量が２０００ｍＡｈのニッケル水素二次電池を用いて、従来の蓋構造体の電池を比較例、本発明に係る蓋構造体３０の電池を実施例としてそれぞれ製作し、８Ａで過充電を行う電池安全性試験を行った。またニッケル水素二次電池は、比較例と実施例ともセパレータ２３の目付量を４０ｇ／ｍ2、５０ｇ／ｍ2、６０ｇ／ｍ2、７０ｇ／ｍ2としたものをそれぞれ１００本ずつ製作して試験を行った。比較例の蓋構造体の弁作動圧は、約３ＭＰａとした。また実施例の蓋構造体３０は、第１弁作動圧を約３ＭＰａ、第２弁作動圧を約５ＭＰａとした。 <Comparison test>
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the applicant conducted a comparative test between a nickel-metal hydride secondary battery having a conventional lid structure and a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery 1 using the lid structure 30 according to the present invention. Specifically, using a nickel metal hydride secondary battery having a height of 50 mm, an outer diameter of 14 mm, and a capacity of 2000 mAh, a conventional lid structure battery is a comparative example, and a battery of the lid structure 30 according to the present invention is an example Each battery was manufactured, and a battery safety test was performed in which the battery was overcharged at 8A. In addition, in the comparative example and the example, 100 nickel hydride secondary batteries having a basis weight of the separator 23 of 40 g / m 2 , 50 g / m 2 , 60 g / m 2 , and 70 g / m 2 were manufactured. A test was conducted. The valve operating pressure of the lid structure of the comparative example was about 3 MPa. In the lid structure 30 of the example, the first valve operating pressure was about 3 MPa, and the second valve operating pressure was about 5 MPa.

セパレータ２３の目付量が４０ｇ／ｍ2、５０ｇ／ｍ2のニッケル水素二次電池については、過充電による破裂の発生率は、比較例及び実施例のいずれも０／１００本であった。他方、セパレータ２３の目付量が６０ｇ／ｍ2のニッケル水素二次電池については、過充電による破裂の発生率は、比較例で２／１００本であったのに対し、実施例では０／１００本であった。またセパレータ２３の目付量が７０ｇ／ｍ2のニッケル水素二次電池については、過充電による破裂の発生率は、比較例で１１／１００本であったのに対し、実施例では１／１００本であった。このように本発明に係る蓋構造体３０を備えるニッケル水素二次電池１は、従来技術のニッケル水素二次電池よりも内部短絡等の異常時に安全性が損なわれる虞を低減できることが試験結果からも明らかであると言える。 The basis weight 40g / m 2, 50g / m 2 of the nickel-hydrogen secondary battery of the separator 23, the incidence of rupture due to overcharging was 0/100 present none of the Comparative Examples and Examples. On the other hand, for the nickel hydride secondary battery with a separator 23 having a weight per unit area of 60 g / m 2 , the occurrence rate of rupture due to overcharging was 2/100 in the comparative example, whereas 0/100 in the example. It was a book. Further, regarding the nickel hydride secondary battery having a basis weight of the separator 23 of 70 g / m 2 , the occurrence rate of rupture due to overcharging was 11/100 in the comparative example, whereas 1/100 in the example. Met. From the test results, the nickel hydride secondary battery 1 including the lid structure 30 according to the present invention can reduce the possibility that the safety may be impaired in the event of an abnormality such as an internal short circuit, as compared with the conventional nickel hydride secondary battery. It can be said that it is clear.

＜本発明に係る蓋構造体の変形例＞
本発明に係る蓋構造体３０の変形例について、図７及び図８を参照しながら説明する。
図７は、蓋構造体３０の変形例の要部を図示した断面図である。図８は、蓋構造体３０の変形例の要部を図示した平面図である。 <Modification of the lid structure according to the present invention>
A modification of the lid structure 30 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the main part of a modified example of the lid structure 30. FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a main part of a modified example of the lid structure 30.

蓋構造体３０の変形例は、第１弁体３３と第２弁体３４とが４つの連結部３７で連結されている。それ以外の構成については、上記説明した蓋構造体３０の実施例と同じ構成であるため、同一の構成要素に同一の符合を付して詳細な説明を省略する。   As a modification of the lid structure 30, the first valve body 33 and the second valve body 34 are connected by four connecting portions 37. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment of the lid structure 30, and thus the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

連結部３７は、第１弁体３３及び第２弁体３４と同様に、例えばＥＰＤＭを主成分とするゴム等の弾性を有する材料で形成されている。つまり蓋構造体３０の変形例は、第１弁体３３、第２弁体３４及び連結部３７が同一の材料で一体に成形されている。このような構成であることによって第１弁体３３と第２弁体３４との相対的な位置関係は、連結部３７によって規定されることになる。したがって蓋構造体３０の製造工程において、第２弁体３４を第２ガス抜き孔３１２に挿入することによって、第１ガス抜き孔３１１を塞ぐ所定の位置に第１弁体３３を同時に配置することができる。また連結部３７は弾性を有する材料で形成されているので、第１弁体３３と第２弁体３４とが連結部３７で連結されていても、それによって第１安全弁３５及び第２安全弁３６の動作が互いに阻害される虞は生じない。   Similar to the first valve body 33 and the second valve body 34, the connecting portion 37 is formed of an elastic material such as rubber mainly composed of EPDM. That is, in the modified example of the lid structure 30, the first valve body 33, the second valve body 34, and the connecting portion 37 are integrally formed of the same material. With such a configuration, the relative positional relationship between the first valve body 33 and the second valve body 34 is defined by the connecting portion 37. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the lid structure 30, the first valve body 33 is simultaneously disposed at a predetermined position for closing the first gas vent hole 311 by inserting the second valve body 34 into the second gas vent hole 312. Can do. Further, since the connecting portion 37 is formed of an elastic material, even if the first valve body 33 and the second valve body 34 are connected by the connecting portion 37, the first safety valve 35 and the second safety valve 36 are thereby connected. There is no possibility that the operations will be disturbed.

このような構成であることによって蓋構造体３０の変形例は、本発明に係る蓋構造体３０の製造工程を簡略化して製造コストを低減することができる。また第１弁体３３と第２弁体３４との相対的な位置関係が連結部３７によって規定されるので、例えばニッケル水素二次電池１に作用する振動等によって第１弁体３３の位置がずれてしまう虞を低減することができる。   With such a configuration, the modified example of the lid structure 30 can simplify the manufacturing process of the lid structure 30 according to the present invention and reduce the manufacturing cost. Further, since the relative positional relationship between the first valve element 33 and the second valve element 34 is defined by the connecting portion 37, the position of the first valve element 33 is caused by vibrations acting on the nickel-metal hydride secondary battery 1, for example. The risk of shifting can be reduced.

１ ニッケル水素二次電池
１０ 外装缶
２０ 電極体
３０ 蓋構造体
３１ 封口板
３２ 正極端子
３３ 第１弁体
３４ 第２弁体
３５ 第１安全弁
３６ 第２安全弁
３７ 連結部
３１１ 第１ガス抜き孔
３１２ 第２ガス抜き孔
３４１ 弁本体部
３４２ 鍔部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nickel metal hydride secondary battery 10 Exterior can 20 Electrode body 30 Lid structure 31 Sealing plate 32 Positive electrode terminal 33 1st valve body 34 2nd valve body 35 1st safety valve 36 2nd safety valve 37 Connection part 311 1st gas vent hole 312 Second vent hole 341 Valve body 342 collar

Claims (7)

有底円筒形状の外装缶の開口を封止する円筒形電池の蓋構造体であって、
前記外装缶の内圧が第１弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、前記外装缶の内圧が前記第１弁作動圧以下に低下したときに閉弁する第１安全弁と、
前記外装缶の内圧が前記第１弁作動圧より高い第２弁作動圧を超えたときに開弁し、開弁後は前記外装缶の内圧が前記第２弁作動圧以下に低下しても閉弁しない第２安全弁と、を備える、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。 A cylindrical battery lid structure for sealing an opening of a bottomed cylindrical outer can,
A first safety valve that opens when the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds a first valve operating pressure, and closes when the internal pressure of the outer can drops below the first valve operating pressure;
When the internal pressure of the outer can exceeds a second valve operating pressure higher than the first valve operating pressure, the valve opens, and after opening, the inner pressure of the outer can drops below the second valve operating pressure. A cylindrical battery lid structure comprising: a second safety valve that is not closed. 請求項１に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体において、前記外装缶の開口を塞ぐ封口板をさらに備え、
前記第１安全弁は、前記外装缶の内圧を外部へ逃がすために前記封口板に形成された第１ガス抜き孔と、前記第１ガス抜き孔を塞いだ状態で前記封口板に押圧される第１弁体とを含む、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。 The lid structure of the cylindrical battery according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing plate that closes an opening of the outer can.
The first safety valve is a first degassing hole formed in the sealing plate for releasing the internal pressure of the outer can to the outside, and a first depressurized by the sealing plate in a state of closing the first degassing hole. A cylindrical battery lid structure including one valve body. 請求項２に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体において、前記第２安全弁は、前記外装缶の内圧を外部へ逃がすために前記封口板に形成された第２ガス抜き孔と、前記第２ガス抜き孔に挿入された状態で前記第２ガス抜き孔を塞ぐ第２弁体とを含む、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。   3. The lid structure of the cylindrical battery according to claim 2, wherein the second safety valve includes a second gas vent hole formed in the sealing plate for releasing an internal pressure of the outer can to the outside, and the second gas. A cylindrical battery lid structure comprising: a second valve body that closes the second gas vent hole while being inserted into the vent hole. 請求項３に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体において、前記第２弁体は、弾性を有する材料で形成され、前記第２ガス抜き孔よりも前記外装缶の内側に配置される部分に、前記封口板に沿う方向へ突出する突部が形成されている、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。   The lid structure of the cylindrical battery according to claim 3, wherein the second valve body is formed of an elastic material and is disposed on the inner side of the outer can than the second vent hole. A cylindrical battery lid structure, wherein a protrusion projecting in a direction along the sealing plate is formed. 請求項３又は４に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体において、前記封口板は、中央に前記第２ガス抜き孔が形成されており、前記第２ガス抜き孔の周囲に複数の前記第１ガス抜き孔が形成されている、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。   5. The lid structure for a cylindrical battery according to claim 3, wherein the sealing plate has the second gas vent hole formed in the center, and a plurality of the first gas vent holes around the second gas vent hole. A lid structure for a cylindrical battery, wherein a vent hole is formed. 請求項３〜５のいずれか１項に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体において、弾性を有する材料で形成され、前記第１弁体と前記第２弁体とを連結する連結部をさらに備える、ことを特徴とする円筒形電池の蓋構造体。   The lid structure for a cylindrical battery according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising a connecting portion that is formed of an elastic material and connects the first valve body and the second valve body. A cylindrical battery lid structure. 有底円筒形状の外装缶と、
前記外装缶に収容される電極体と、
請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の円筒形電池の蓋構造体と、を備える円筒形電池。 A bottomed cylindrical outer can,
An electrode body housed in the outer can;
A cylindrical battery comprising: the cylindrical battery lid structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
JP2013053254A 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery Pending JP2014179267A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013053254A JP2014179267A (en) 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013053254A JP2014179267A (en) 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2014179267A true JP2014179267A (en) 2014-09-25

Family

ID=51699008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2013053254A Pending JP2014179267A (en) 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2014179267A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160119570A (en) * 2015-04-06 2016-10-14 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargeable battery having short member

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160119570A (en) * 2015-04-06 2016-10-14 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargeable battery having short member
KR102356494B1 (en) * 2015-04-06 2022-01-26 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargeable battery having short member

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110581235B (en) Secondary battery
JP5660625B2 (en) Manufacturing method of negative electrode plate
US9112220B2 (en) Nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery
JP4868809B2 (en) Cylindrical alkaline storage battery
JP4701636B2 (en) Sealed storage battery exhaust valve, sealed storage battery using the same, sealed nickel metal hydride storage battery
US20050019657A1 (en) Nickel-hydrogen cell
JP2002298906A (en) Nickel-hydrogen secondary battery
JP2014179267A (en) Lid structure of cylindrical-shaped battery, and cylindrical-shaped battery
JP2015125869A (en) Alkaline secondary battery
JP5812421B2 (en) Cylindrical battery, lid structure
JP2019114472A (en) Collector lead and secondary battery including collector lead
JP6090918B2 (en) Cylindrical battery
JP2000251871A (en) Alkaline secondary battery
JP2003045480A (en) ThIN NICKEL - HYDROGEN SECONDARY BATTERY, HYBRID CAR AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE
CN110100327B (en) Alkaline secondary battery
JP2012134108A (en) Battery
JP2002289170A (en) Alkali secondary battery
JP3209440B2 (en) Alkaline storage battery
JP5348968B2 (en) Cylindrical battery
JP7488008B2 (en) Alkaline storage battery
JP2013134940A (en) Cylindrical battery
JP3706166B2 (en) Manufacturing method of nickel metal hydride secondary battery
JP2019117690A (en) Collector and secondary battery with the collector
JP2005216775A (en) Sealed storage battery
JP2013012349A (en) Alkaline storage battery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A711 Notification of change in applicant

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712

Effective date: 20141222