JP2014115251A - Capacitance gear tooth and method for detecting rotational speed of capacitance rotor - Google Patents

Capacitance gear tooth and method for detecting rotational speed of capacitance rotor Download PDF

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JP2014115251A
JP2014115251A JP2012271499A JP2012271499A JP2014115251A JP 2014115251 A JP2014115251 A JP 2014115251A JP 2012271499 A JP2012271499 A JP 2012271499A JP 2012271499 A JP2012271499 A JP 2012271499A JP 2014115251 A JP2014115251 A JP 2014115251A
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capacitance
electrodes
protrusion
electrode
sensor head
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Hiroshi Abe
宏 阿部
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ACT LSI KK
FIT PACIFIC Inc
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FIT PACIFIC Inc
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a capacitance gear tooth having electrodes of a simple structure and allowing highly accurate measurement of rotational speed of a rotor.SOLUTION: A capacitance gear tooth is provided with a sensor head (4) that has a pair of capacitance electrodes (4A, 4B) on a housing (1) side with a prescribed gap (a) with respect to a projection (3) of a rotor (2). One of the electrodes is disposed facing an end face of the projection on a crest side, while the other of the electrodes is disposed facing a trough side of the projection. Tips of a pair of cables (6A, 6B) corresponding to the electrodes are connected to the electrodes, while rear ends of the cables are connected to a capacitance arithmetic circuit (5A). When the rotor is rotating, capacitance detected by the electrodes is transmitted as a detection signal via the cables to the capacitance arithmetic circuit, which calculates each detection signal as capacitance difference between C-C.

Description

本発明は、車両の前輪、後輪の回転速度を検出する車輪速センサーや自動車用エンジンの回転角度等を検出する回転速度センサーに関するもので、特に回転体の回転速度を検出する静電容量型ギアトースセンサ及び静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a wheel speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of a front wheel and a rear wheel of a vehicle and a rotation speed sensor for detecting a rotation angle of an automobile engine, and more particularly to a capacitance type detecting a rotation speed of a rotating body. The present invention relates to a detection method of a rotational speed of a gear tooth sensor and a capacitance type rotating body.

特許文献１の課題は、特開昭５８−５５７６０号公報に記載された車輪速センサーの欠点に鑑み、コイルが不要となり、コストの低減が可能になること、突起とセンサーヘッドとの間隙に水および異物が侵入して付着してもパルス信号としての出力電圧は一定になること等である。   The problem of Patent Document 1 is that, in view of the drawbacks of the wheel speed sensor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-55760, no coil is required, cost can be reduced, and water is not provided in the gap between the protrusion and the sensor head. For example, the output voltage as a pulse signal becomes constant even if foreign matter enters and adheres.

この課題を解決する手段として、特許文献１の車輪速センサーは、プラス電極体１２に誘電体１４を設けたセンサーヘッド２６と、車輪と一体に回転する回転体Ｂの周部に所定のピッチ間隔で形成され且つセンサーヘッド２６に近接して他方の電極体になる突起２５と、双方の電極体間の静電容量をパルス電圧に変換して出力される出力電圧Ｖの増加分を一定の電圧値にカットオフするカットオフ手段とを備えている（符号は特許文献１のもの）。   As means for solving this problem, a wheel speed sensor disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a sensor head 26 in which a dielectric 14 is provided on a positive electrode body 12 and a peripheral portion of a rotating body B that rotates integrally with a wheel at a predetermined pitch interval. And a protrusion 25 which is the other electrode body in the vicinity of the sensor head 26, and an increase in the output voltage V which is output by converting the capacitance between both electrode bodies into a pulse voltage is a constant voltage. And a cut-off means for cutting off the value (reference numeral 1).

この特許文献１の公知考案は、本発明と同様にコンデンサの原理を応用した静電容量式の車輪速センサーであるが、その構造が複雑である。また車体側のセンサーヘッドは、特許文献１の図１を見ると明らかなように、「１個」である。
付言すると、特許文献１のセンサーヘッドは、回転体の回転時、その突起の端面と対向する一つの静電容量ＣＡのみを検出するものである。 The known device of Patent Document 1 is a capacitive wheel speed sensor that applies the principle of a capacitor as in the present invention, but its structure is complicated. Further, as apparent from FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, the number of sensor heads on the vehicle body side is “one”.
When an additional note, the sensor head Patent Document 1, during rotation of the rotating body, and detects only one capacitance C A facing end faces of the projections.

したがって、ノイズを除去するために出力電圧Ｖの増加分を一定の電圧値にカットオフするカットオフ手段を必ず設ける必要がある。またこの公知考案は、センサー部Ａのケース内に絶縁体で絶縁された電極収納部１１ａと基板収容部１１ｂとを設け、前記基板収容部１１ｂに一つのセンサーヘッドに接続するフレキシブル基板１８を介して前記カットオフ手段を有する前記電子回路（ＩＣ）が配設されている。電子回路（ＩＣ）は高温の場所にセンサーヘッドと共に配設されている。   Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cutoff means for cutting off the increment of the output voltage V to a constant voltage value in order to remove noise. This known device also includes an electrode housing portion 11a and a substrate housing portion 11b insulated by an insulator in the case of the sensor portion A, and a flexible substrate 18 connected to one sensor head in the substrate housing portion 11b. The electronic circuit (IC) having the cut-off means is disposed. The electronic circuit (IC) is disposed with the sensor head at a high temperature place.

したがって、高温対策として、例えばＧＡＡＳ（ガリューム砒素）のような、高価な化合物半導体を使用しなければならないという問題点がある。 Therefore, as a high-temperature countermeasure, for example, G A A, such as S (Garyumu arsenic), there is a problem that must be used expensive compound semiconductor.

そこで、従来のギアトゥースセンサの問題点を簡単に指摘する。ギアトゥースセンサは、高温での回転角度の正確な計測の手段として使われている。ギアトゥースセンサのセンサーヘッドは、回転体（歯車）の歯（突起）の先端に近接して設置され、歯の山と谷、それぞれとの距離の差を検知することによって、通過した歯数をカウントする。原理的には、例えば特許文献２や特許文献３のように、高温で使用される歯車が磁性材料（主に鉄）で作られていることから、コイルや磁石を併用したホール素子が利用されている。しかし、最も一般的で安価なＳｉ（シリコン）を使ったホール素子は高温では特性が低下し、使用することが困難なため、比較的高価な化合物半導体が使われている。それでも使用可能な温度上限は、現状では１５０℃程度である。   Therefore, the problems of the conventional gear tooth sensor are briefly pointed out. The gear tooth sensor is used as a means for accurately measuring the rotation angle at a high temperature. The sensor head of the gear tooth sensor is installed close to the tip of the teeth (protrusions) of the rotating body (gear), and detects the number of teeth passed by detecting the difference in distance between the crest and trough of each tooth. Count. In principle, as in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, for example, gears used at high temperatures are made of a magnetic material (mainly iron). ing. However, since the hall element using Si (silicon), which is the most common and inexpensive, deteriorates in characteristics at high temperatures and is difficult to use, a relatively expensive compound semiconductor is used. Still, the upper limit of usable temperature is about 150 ° C. at present.

実開平５−５９３１３号Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-59313 特開昭５８−５５７６０号公報JP 58-55760 A 特開２００９−２２２５２４号公報JP 2009-222524 A

本願発明の所期の目的は、特許文献１の問題点に鑑み、電極の構造が簡単であると共に、回転体の回転速度を精度良く計測することである。第２の目的は、電子回路（静電容量演算回路）に比較的高価な化合物半導体ではなく、比較的安価なシリコンＩＣを用いることができることである。なお、特許文献２に対しては、特許文献１と同様にコイルが不要であることから同様の目的がある。   The intended object of the present invention is to measure the rotational speed of the rotating body with high accuracy while the structure of the electrode is simple in view of the problems of Patent Document 1. The second object is that a relatively inexpensive silicon IC can be used for an electronic circuit (capacitance calculation circuit) instead of a relatively expensive compound semiconductor. Note that Patent Document 2 has a similar purpose because a coil is unnecessary as in Patent Document 1.

本発明の静電容量型ギアトースセンサは、回転体（２）の突起（３）に対して所定間隙（ａ）を有して筐体（１）側に静電容量式の一対の電極（４Ａ、４Ｂ）を有する一つのセンサーヘッド（４）を設け、前記電極の一方は前記突起の山側端面に対向するように配設され、一方、前記電極の他方は前記突起の谷側に対向するように配設され、前記電極に対応する一対のケーブル（６Ａ、６Ｂ）の各先端部を前記電極にそれぞれ接続し、一方、前記ケーブルの各後端部をそれぞれ静電容量演算回路（５Ａ）に接続し、前記回転体の回転時、前記電極で検出された静電容量は、検出信号として前記ケーブルを介して前記静電容量演算回路に送られ、該静電容量演算回路は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算することを特徴とする。 The capacitive gear toe sensor of the present invention has a predetermined gap (a) with respect to the protrusion (3) of the rotating body (2), and a pair of capacitive electrodes on the housing (1) side ( 4A, 4B) is provided, and one of the electrodes is disposed so as to face the mountain side end face of the protrusion, while the other of the electrodes faces the valley side of the protrusion. The front ends of the pair of cables (6A, 6B) corresponding to the electrodes are connected to the electrodes, respectively, while the rear ends of the cables are respectively connected to the capacitance calculation circuit (5A). When the rotating body rotates, the capacitance detected by the electrode is sent as a detection signal to the capacitance calculation circuit via the cable, and the capacitance calculation circuit Is calculated as a capacitance difference of C A -C B.

また、本発明の静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法は、回転体（２）の突起（３）に対して所定間隙（ａ）を有して筐体（１）側に一対の電極（４Ａ、４Ｂ）を有する一つのセンサーヘッド（４）を設け、前記回転体の回転時、前記一方の電極が前記突起の山側に対向した場合には、前記他方の電極は前記突起の谷側に対向するようにして、前記電極を有するセンサーヘッド（４）が同時に検出した検出信号を前記電極にそれぞれ別個に接続する一対のケーブル（６Ａ、６Ｂ）を介して静電容量演算回路（５Ａ）が取得し、該静電容量演算回路は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算することを特徴とする。 In addition, according to the method of detecting the rotational speed of the electrostatic capacity type rotating body of the present invention, a pair of gaps (a) is provided on the housing (1) side with respect to the protrusion (3) of the rotating body (2). The sensor head (4) having the electrodes (4A, 4B) is provided, and when the rotating body rotates, when the one electrode faces the peak side of the protrusion, the other electrode Capacitance calculation circuit (6A, 6B) via a pair of cables (6A, 6B) separately connecting the detection signals simultaneously detected by the sensor head (4) having the electrodes so as to face the valley side 5A), and the capacitance calculation circuit calculates each detection signal as a capacitance difference of C A -C B.

ここで、「静電容量演算回路」とは、一対の静電容量−電圧変換回路（以下、「Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路」と呼ぶ）とそれらの出力電圧の差分を演算する演算増幅器より構成される回路、及びこの回路に類するものをいう。   Here, the “capacitance calculation circuit” is composed of a pair of capacitance-voltage conversion circuits (hereinafter referred to as “CV conversion circuits”) and an operational amplifier for calculating the difference between the output voltages. Circuits and the like.

したがって、本発明の静電容量型ギアトースセンサは、例えば回転体２の突起３に対して所定間隙ａを有して筐体１側に静電容量式の一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂを有するセンサーヘッド４を設け、これらの電極の一方４Ａは前記突起３の山側端面に対向するように配設され、一方、電極の他方４Ｂは前記突起３の谷側に対向するように配設され、これら一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂに対応する一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂの各先端部をそれぞれ前記一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂにそれぞれ接続し、一方、前記一対のケーブルの各後端部をそれぞれ静電容量−電圧変換回路（以下、Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路と称す）４に接続し、前記回転体２の回転時、前記一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂで検出された静電容量は、検出信号として前記一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂを介して前記Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路４に送られ、該Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路４は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算することを特徴とする。 Therefore, the capacitive gear toe sensor of the present invention has a predetermined gap a with respect to the protrusion 3 of the rotating body 2, for example, and has a pair of capacitive electrodes 4A and 4B on the housing 1 side. A head 4 is provided, and one of these electrodes 4A is disposed so as to face the mountain side end face of the protrusion 3, while the other electrode 4B is disposed so as to face the valley side of the protrusion 3. The front ends of the pair of cables 6A and 6B corresponding to the pair of electrodes 4A and 4B are respectively connected to the pair of electrodes 4A and 4B, respectively, while the rear ends of the pair of cables are respectively connected to the capacitance − Capacitance detected by the pair of electrodes 4A and 4B during rotation of the rotating body 2 is connected to a voltage conversion circuit (hereinafter referred to as CV conversion circuit) 4, and the pair of cables is detected as a detection signal. CV through 6A and 6B Sent to circuit 4, the C-V conversion circuit 4 and calculates the respective detection signals as an electrostatic capacitance difference C A -C B.

また、本発明の静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法も、上記物の発明と同じである。なお、本発明は請求項１の構成をそのまま含み、センサーヘッド側の温度が高温に晒される使用環境においては、静電容量演算回路を構成するＣ−Ｖ変換回路は、前記電極に対して、外部よりシールドされた前記ケーブルを介して、センサーヘッドよりも低温の離れた場所に配設されており、前記Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路の半導体素子は、シリコンＩＣであることを特徴とする。   The method for detecting the rotational speed of the electrostatic capacity type rotating body of the present invention is also the same as the above-described invention. The present invention includes the configuration of claim 1 as it is, and in a usage environment in which the temperature on the sensor head side is exposed to a high temperature, the CV conversion circuit constituting the capacitance calculation circuit is The semiconductor element of the CV conversion circuit is a silicon IC, which is disposed at a location lower in temperature than the sensor head via the cable shielded from the outside.

本発明は複数の電極を有する一つのセンサーヘッドでもって、回転体の突起が接近して通過したことを正確に検知できる。また、検知電極としてのセンサーヘッドと静電容量−電圧変換回路および演算回路としての電子回路との間を所望の範囲まで離して設置できるから、筺体或いは車体側の温度に関して、比較的低温度を維持可能な場所に電子回路を設置すれば、半導体素子として、一般的でもあり、かつ安価な材料でもあるＳｉ（シリコン）を利用することができる。さらに、検知電極を高温に耐える材料（例えばセラミック）を基材として利用すれば、数１００〜１０００℃以上の温度でも計測可能である。であるから、各請求項に記載の発明は次のとおりの効果がある。
（ａ）請求項１及び請求項３に記載の発明は、二つの電極を持つセンサーヘッドが一つあるだけなので、構造が極めて簡単である。またＣ−Ｖ変換回路は、各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として出力するので、いわゆるノイズが少ない。
（ｂ）請求項２に記載の発明は、高温の場所に設置せざるを得ないセンサーヘッドから離して、車体の温度の低い箇所に電子回路（Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路）を配設することができるから、比較的高価な化合物半導体ではなく、比較的安価なシリコンＩＣを用いることができる。したがって、コストの低減化を図ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect that the protrusion of the rotating body has passed through with one sensor head having a plurality of electrodes. In addition, since the sensor head as the detection electrode and the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit and the electronic circuit as the arithmetic circuit can be set apart to a desired range, a relatively low temperature can be set with respect to the temperature on the housing or the vehicle body side. If an electronic circuit is installed in a maintainable place, Si (silicon), which is a general and inexpensive material, can be used as a semiconductor element. Furthermore, if a material (for example, ceramic) that can withstand high temperatures is used as a base material, the detection electrode can be measured even at a temperature of several hundred to 1000 ° C. Therefore, the invention described in each claim has the following effects.
(A) The inventions according to claims 1 and 3 have an extremely simple structure because there is only one sensor head having two electrodes. Further, since the CV conversion circuit outputs each detection signal as a capacitance difference of C A -C B , so-called noise is small.
(B) In the invention described in claim 2, an electronic circuit (CV conversion circuit) may be disposed at a location where the temperature of the vehicle body is low, away from the sensor head which must be installed at a high temperature location. Therefore, a relatively inexpensive silicon IC can be used instead of a relatively expensive compound semiconductor. Therefore, cost can be reduced.

本発明の構成を示す概略説明図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 本発明の要部を示す概略説明図（回転体の一部は展開）。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic explanatory drawing which shows the principal part of this invention (a part of rotary body is developed). 一つのセンサーヘッドの二つの電極が突起の谷（ａ）と山（ｂ）に対峙した時の出力電圧の説明図。Explanatory drawing of an output voltage when two electrodes of one sensor head confront a trough (a) and a peak (b) of a protrusion. 特許文献１（実開平５−５９３１３号）の技術的思想を示す概念図（回転体の一部は展開）。The conceptual diagram which shows the technical idea of patent document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-59313) (a part of the rotating body is developed).

図１乃至図３は本発明の一実施形態を示す各説明図、これに対して、図４は特許文献１（実開平５−５９３１３号）の技術的思想を示す概念図である（回転体の一部は展開）。
まず、特許文献１の技術的思想と本発明のそれとの相違点を把握するために、図４の公知考案を簡単に説明する。図４に於いて、Ｘは車体１側に固定的に配設された車輪速センサー、２は回転体（歯車）、３は回転体の突起（歯）である。車輪速センサーＸのセンサー部Ａは図示しないセンサーボディを備えており、このセンサーボディには先端部側の電極収容部と後端部側の基板収容部とが形成されている。先端部側の電極収容部内には、回転体の回転時、前記突起（歯）３の山（端面）３ａと所定間隔ａを有して対峙可能な「一つ」のセンサーヘッド４が設けられている。 1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, while FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a technical idea of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-59313) (rotary body). Part of the development).
First, in order to grasp the difference between the technical idea of Patent Document 1 and that of the present invention, the known device of FIG. 4 will be briefly described. In FIG. 4, X is a wheel speed sensor fixedly disposed on the vehicle body 1 side, 2 is a rotating body (gear), and 3 is a protrusion (tooth) of the rotating body. The sensor portion A of the wheel speed sensor X includes a sensor body (not shown), and an electrode housing portion on the front end side and a substrate housing portion on the rear end portion side are formed on the sensor body. In the electrode accommodating portion on the tip end side, there is provided “one” sensor head 4 that can be opposed to the crest (end surface) 3a of the protrusion (tooth) 3 with a predetermined distance a when the rotating body rotates. ing.

また基板収容部には電子回路５が設けられ、該電子回路５は図示しないコネクタ、第１基板、フレキシブルな第２基板等の接続手段６を介して前記センサーヘッド４に電気的に接続している。そして、前記センサーヘッド４、接続手段６及び電子回路５はエポキシ樹脂系の絶縁体７によりセンサーボディから隔絶されている。   Also, an electronic circuit 5 is provided in the substrate housing portion, and the electronic circuit 5 is electrically connected to the sensor head 4 via connection means 6 such as a connector, a first substrate, a flexible second substrate, etc. (not shown). Yes. The sensor head 4, connection means 6 and electronic circuit 5 are isolated from the sensor body by an epoxy resin insulator 7.

ところで、センサーヘッド３の先端部には、チタン酸バリウム・セラミックスを材料とした誘電体８が接着してあり、この誘電体８の周部も前記絶縁体７により被覆されていている。また回転体２は車輪（図示せず）と一体回転するローターであり、このローター２の周部には歯車状に複数の突起３が所定のピッチ間隔で形成してある。   Incidentally, a dielectric 8 made of barium titanate / ceramics is adhered to the tip of the sensor head 3, and the peripheral portion of the dielectric 8 is also covered with the insulator 7. The rotating body 2 is a rotor that rotates integrally with a wheel (not shown), and a plurality of protrusions 3 are formed in a gear shape on the periphery of the rotor 2 at a predetermined pitch interval.

上記構成に於いて、作用については、特許文献の、段落００１６等に記載の通りである。すなわち、ローター２の回転により、突起（マイナス電極体）３の端面３ａの右側が前記誘電体８に重なりあう初期では出力電圧Ｖが立ち上がり、また、前記突起（マイナス電極体）３の端面３ａが前記誘電体８に１：１で重なると出力電圧Ｖは一定になり、また前記突起（マイナス電極体）３の端面３ａの左側が前記誘電体８に重なりあう後期では出力電圧Ｖが立ち下がる。このために、ローター２の一つの突起３がセンサー部Ａのセンサーヘッド４に対して移動すると、１パルスが出力電圧Ｖとして発生し、突起（マイナス電極体）３が誘電体８に重なった数だけパルス信号が出力電圧Ｖとして発振する。   In the above configuration, the operation is as described in paragraph 0016 of the patent document. That is, when the rotor 2 rotates, the output voltage V rises at the initial stage when the right side of the end face 3a of the protrusion (minus electrode body) 3 overlaps the dielectric 8, and the end face 3a of the protrusion (minus electrode body) 3 rises. When it overlaps the dielectric 8 at 1: 1, the output voltage V becomes constant, and the output voltage V falls at the later stage when the left side of the end face 3 a of the protrusion (minus electrode body) 3 overlaps the dielectric 8. For this reason, when one protrusion 3 of the rotor 2 moves relative to the sensor head 4 of the sensor part A, one pulse is generated as the output voltage V, and the number of protrusions (negative electrode bodies) 3 overlapping the dielectric 8. Only the pulse signal oscillates as the output voltage V.

次に、図１乃至図３を参照にして本発明の静電容量型ギアトースセンサＸ１及び静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法Ｘ２を説明する。なお、本発明の構成・作用を説明するにあたって、特許文献１と同一の構成には、便宜上、同一或いは同様の符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。   Next, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the capacitance type gear tooth sensor X1 and the detection method X2 of the rotational speed of the capacitance type rotating body of the present invention will be described. In the description of the configuration and operation of the present invention, the same configuration as that of Patent Document 1 is denoted by the same or similar reference numerals for the sake of convenience, and redundant description is omitted.

これらの図に於いて、Ａはセンサー部、１は車体、２は回転体（歯車）、３は回転体の突起（歯）、３ａは突起の山、３ｂは突起の谷、ａは一つのセンサーヘッド４の一方の電極４Ａの先端面と前記突起の山３ａとの間の間隙、ｂは前記センサーヘッド４の他方の電極４Ｂの先端面と前記突起の谷３ｂとの間の間隙、５Ａは、少なくともＣ−Ｖ変換回路を有する静電容量演算回路、６Ａは一方の電極４Ａに対応する第１ケーブル、６Ｂは他方の電極４Ｂに対応する第２ケーブル、７は絶縁体である。   In these drawings, A is a sensor unit, 1 is a vehicle body, 2 is a rotating body (gear), 3 is a protrusion (tooth) of the rotating body, 3a is a protrusion peak, 3b is a protrusion valley, and a is one. A gap between the tip surface of one electrode 4A of the sensor head 4 and the peak 3a of the projection, b is a gap between the tip surface of the other electrode 4B of the sensor head 4 and the valley 3b of the projection, 5A. Is a capacitance calculation circuit having at least a CV conversion circuit, 6A is a first cable corresponding to one electrode 4A, 6B is a second cable corresponding to the other electrode 4B, and 7 is an insulator.

したがって、本発明の静電容量型ギアトースセンサＸ１は、回転体２の突起３に対して所定間隙ａ、ｂを有して筐体１或いは車体側に静電容量式の一つのセンサーヘッドに同一形態の二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂを設け、このセンサーヘッド４の一方の電極４Ａは前記突起３の山側端面３ａに対向するように配設され、一方、前記センサーヘッド４の他方の電極４Ｂは前記突起３の谷側３ｂに対向するように配設され、これら一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂに対応する一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂの各先端部をそれぞれ前記一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂにそれぞれ接続し、一方、前記一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂの各後端部をそれぞれＣ−Ｖ変換回路を有する静電容量演算回路５Ａに接続し、前記回転体２の回転時、前記電極４Ａ、４Ｂで検出された静電容量ＣＡ、ＣＢは、検出信号として前記一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂを介して前記静電容量演算回路５Ａに送られ、該静電容量演算回路５Ａは各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算する（特徴事項１）。 Therefore, the capacitance type gear tooth sensor X1 of the present invention has a predetermined gap a and b with respect to the protrusion 3 of the rotating body 2 and forms a capacitance type sensor head on the housing 1 or the vehicle body side. Two electrodes 4A and 4B having the same form are provided, and one electrode 4A of the sensor head 4 is disposed so as to face the mountain side end surface 3a of the protrusion 3, while the other electrode 4B of the sensor head 4 is It is arranged so as to face the valley side 3b of the projection 3, and the respective ends of the pair of cables 6A and 6B corresponding to the pair of electrodes 4A and 4B are connected to the pair of electrodes 4A and 4B, respectively. On the other hand, each rear end portion of the pair of cables 6A and 6B is connected to a capacitance calculation circuit 5A having a CV conversion circuit, and detected by the electrodes 4A and 4B when the rotating body 2 rotates. capacitance C A, B, the pair of cables 6A as a detection signal is sent to the electrostatic capacity calculation circuit 5A through 6B, electrostatic capacity calculation circuit 5A each detected signal as a differential capacitance of C A -C B Calculate (feature 1).

であるから、図１と図４を対比すると明らかなように、特許文献１と本発明の相違は、まず、特許文献１のセンサー部Ａのセンサーヘッド３の電極は「一つ」であるのに対して、本発明のセンサーヘッド４の電極４Ａ、４Ｂは「二つ」である点（相違点１）である。   Therefore, as is clear from the comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the difference between Patent Document 1 and the present invention is that the electrode of the sensor head 3 of the sensor part A of Patent Document 1 is “one”. On the other hand, the electrodes 4A and 4B of the sensor head 4 of the present invention are “two” (difference 1).

すなわち、実施形態では、回転体２の突起３に対して所定間隙ａを有して筺体或いは車体１側に静電容量式の一対の電極４Ａ、４Ｂを設けている。各電極４Ａ、４Ｂは、同じサイズ、かつ同じ形状であり、例えば図２で示すように、同一平面上、回転体２の矢印方向に移行して来る各突起（歯）３の山３ａ及びその谷３ｂに対して、所定間隔ａ、ｂを有して同時に対峙する。   That is, in the embodiment, a pair of electrostatic capacitance type electrodes 4A and 4B is provided on the housing or the vehicle body 1 side with a predetermined gap a with respect to the protrusion 3 of the rotating body 2. Each electrode 4A, 4B has the same size and the same shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the crest 3a of each protrusion (tooth) 3 that moves in the direction of the arrow of the rotating body 2 on the same plane and its The valleys 3b are confronted simultaneously with predetermined intervals a and b.

また実施形態では、各電極４Ａ、４Ｂに対応する一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂに接続する静電容量演算回路５Ａは、高温の場所に設置せざるを得ない前記一つのセンサーヘッド４Ａ、４Ｂから離して、車体の温度の低い箇所に配設されている（特徴事項２）。
そして、回転体２の回転時、前記一つのセンサーヘッド４Ａ、４Ｂで検出された静電容量ＣＡ、ＣＢは、検出信号として前記一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂを介して静電容量演算回路５Ａに送られ、該静電容量演算回路５Ａは各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算する。 In the embodiment, the capacitance calculation circuit 5A connected to the pair of cables 6A and 6B corresponding to the electrodes 4A and 4B is separated from the one sensor head 4A and 4B which must be installed in a high temperature place. The vehicle body is disposed at a location where the temperature is low (characteristic 2).
Then, during rotation of the rotating body 2, the one sensor head 4A, the detected capacitance C A in 4B, C B, the pair of cables 6A as a detection signal, the electrostatic capacitance through the 6B arithmetic circuit 5A The capacitance calculation circuit 5A calculates each detection signal as a capacitance difference of C A -C B.

図３は、二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂが突起３の谷（ａ）と山（ｂ）に対峙した時の出力電圧の説明図であり、該図３が静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法Ｘ２を示している。   FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the output voltage when the two electrodes 4A and 4B are opposed to the valley (a) and the peak (b) of the protrusion 3, and FIG. 3 shows the rotational speed of the capacitive rotor. This shows a detection method X2.

したがって、物の発明を方法の発明に置換すると、次のように成る。本発明の静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法Ｘ２は、回転体２の突起３に対して所定間隙ａを有して筐体１側に一対の電極（４Ａ、４Ｂ）を有する一つのセンサーヘッド４を設け、前記回転体の回転時、前記一方の電極が前記突起の山側に対向した場合には、前記他方の電極は前記突起の谷側に対向するようにして、前記電極を有するセンサーヘッド４が同時に検出した検出信号を前記電極にそれぞれ別個に接続する一対のケーブル（６Ａ、６Ｂ）を介して静電容量演算回路５Ａが取得し、該静電容量演算回路は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算するものである。 Therefore, replacing the product invention with the process invention results in the following. The detection method X2 of the rotational speed of the electrostatic capacity type rotating body of the present invention has a pair of electrodes (4A, 4B) on the housing 1 side with a predetermined gap a with respect to the protrusion 3 of the rotating body 2. When the one rotating head rotates and the one electrode faces the peak side of the protrusion, the other electrode faces the valley side of the protrusion, and the electrode is provided. The capacitance calculation circuit 5A acquires the detection signals simultaneously detected by the sensor head 4 having a sensor via a pair of cables (6A, 6B) respectively connected to the electrodes, and the capacitance calculation circuit detects each detection signal. The signal is calculated as a capacitance difference of C A -C B.

なお、図３は二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂが突起３の谷３（ａ）と山（ｂ）に対峙した時の出力電圧の説明図であり、出力電圧が下がったり、立ち上がったり、一定になる等の作用は、従来の実施形態と同様である。   FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the output voltage when the two electrodes 4A and 4B are opposed to the valley 3 (a) and the peak (b) of the protrusion 3, and the output voltage decreases, rises, or becomes constant. The operations such as these are the same as in the conventional embodiment.

二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂは、共にチタン酸バリウムやセラミックスを材料として出来ている。また静電容量演算回路５Ａを構成するＣ−Ｖ変換回路は比較的高価な化合物半導体ではなく、比較的安価なシリコンＩＣで出来ている。さらに、Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路はセンサー部Ａの中ではなく、一対のケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂを介してセンサー部Ａよりも低温の筺体或いは車体１の適宜箇所に配設されている。望ましくはケーブル６Ａ、６Ｂの長さは「１メートル以上」である。   The two electrodes 4A and 4B are both made of barium titanate or ceramics. Further, the CV conversion circuit constituting the capacitance arithmetic circuit 5A is not a relatively expensive compound semiconductor, but is made of a relatively inexpensive silicon IC. Furthermore, the CV conversion circuit is not disposed in the sensor unit A, but is disposed at an appropriate position of the casing or the vehicle body 1 at a temperature lower than that of the sensor unit A via the pair of cables 6A and 6B. Preferably, the length of the cables 6A and 6B is “1 meter or more”.

実施形態では、二つの同じ形状で同じサイズの電極４Ａ、４Ｂを、同一平面上に少し間隔を置いて配置している。二つの同一形態の電極４Ａ、４Ｂは歯車２の回転方向と並行して配置されている。この場合、歯車のピッチに比べて二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂを並べた幅が小さいとすると、歯車の回転に従って、二つの電極４Ａ、４Ｂと歯３の一つが対向する面積が変わる。歯３との対向面積か大きいほうが形成される静電容量が大きくなるため、図中の二つの静電容量（ＣＡ、ＣＢ）間の静電容量差は、歯車２の回転に従い周期的に変化する。これを電気信号に置き換えるとギアトーセンサとなる。 In the embodiment, two electrodes 4A and 4B having the same shape and the same size are arranged on the same plane with a little space therebetween. Two electrodes 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B having the same configuration are arranged in parallel with the rotation direction of the gear 2. In this case, if the width in which the two electrodes 4A and 4B are arranged is smaller than the pitch of the gear, the area where the two electrodes 4A and 4B and one of the teeth 3 face each other changes as the gear rotates. Since the capacitance formed with the larger area facing the teeth 3 is larger, the capacitance difference between the two capacitances (C A , C B ) in the figure is periodic as the gear 2 rotates. To change. If this is replaced with an electric signal, it becomes a gear toe sensor.

車両の前輪、後車輪の回転速度を検出する車輪速センサーとして用いられる。   It is used as a wheel speed sensor that detects the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels of a vehicle.

Ｘ…車輪速センサー、
Ｘ１…静電容量型ギアトースセンサ、
Ｘ２…静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法、
Ａ…センサー部、
１…車体又は筺体、２…回転体（歯車）、
３…回転体の突起（歯）、３ａ…突起の山、３ｂ…突起の谷、
４…センサーヘッド、
４Ａ…一方の電極、
４Ｂ…他方の電極、
ａ…一方の電極４Ａの先端面と突起の山３ａとの間の間隙、
ｂ…他方の電極４Ｂの先端面と突起の谷３ｂとの間の間隙、
５Ａ…静電容量演算回路（少なくともＣ−Ｖ変換回路を含む）、
６Ａ…一方の電極４Ａに対応する第１ケーブル、
６Ｂ…他方の電極４Ｂに対応する第２ケーブル、
７…は絶縁体。 X ... wheel speed sensor,
X1: Capacitance type gear tooth sensor,
X2: Method for detecting the rotational speed of the electrostatic capacity type rotating body,
A ... Sensor part,
1 ... body or housing, 2 ... rotary body (gear),
3 ... Projection (tooth) of rotating body, 3a ... Projection peak, 3b ... Projection valley,
4 ... Sensor head,
4A ... one electrode,
4B ... the other electrode,
a: a gap between the tip surface of one electrode 4A and the protrusion 3a,
b: a gap between the tip surface of the other electrode 4B and the valley 3b of the protrusion,
5A: Capacitance calculation circuit (including at least a CV conversion circuit),
6A: a first cable corresponding to one electrode 4A,
6B ... the second cable corresponding to the other electrode 4B,
7 is an insulator.

Claims (3)

回転体（２）の突起（３）に対して所定間隙（ａ）を有して筐体（１）側に静電容量式の一対の電極（４Ａ、４Ｂ）を有する一つのセンサーヘッド（４）を設け、前記電極の一方は前記突起の山側端面に対向するように配設され、一方、前記電極の他方は前記突起の谷側に対向するように配設され、前記電極に対応する一対のケーブル（６Ａ、６Ｂ）の各先端部を前記電極にそれぞれ接続し、一方、前記ケーブルの各後端部をそれぞれ静電容量演算回路（５Ａ）に接続し、前記回転体の回転時、前記電極で検出された静電容量は、検出信号として前記ケーブルを介して前記静電容量演算回路に送られ、該静電容量演算回路は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算する静電容量型ギアトースセンサ。 One sensor head (4) having a predetermined gap (a) with respect to the protrusion (3) of the rotating body (2) and having a pair of capacitive electrodes (4A, 4B) on the housing (1) side. ), And one of the electrodes is disposed so as to oppose the crest-side end surface of the protrusion, while the other of the electrodes is disposed so as to oppose the trough side of the protrusion, and a pair corresponding to the electrode Each cable (6A, 6B) is connected to the respective electrodes, while each cable rear end is connected to a capacitance calculation circuit (5A). The capacitance detected by the electrode is sent as a detection signal to the capacitance calculation circuit via the cable, and the capacitance calculation circuit converts each detection signal as a capacitance difference of C A -C B. Capacitance type gear toe sensor to calculate. 請求項１に於いて、該センサーヘッド側の温度が高温に晒される使用環境においては、静電容量演算回路を構成するＣ−Ｖ変換回路は、前記電極に対して、外部よりシールドされた前記ケーブルを介して、センサーヘッドよりも低温の離れた場所に配設されており、前記Ｃ−Ｖ変換回路の半導体素子は、シリコンＩＣであることを特徴とする静電容量型ギアトースセンサ。 2. The use environment according to claim 1, wherein the CV conversion circuit constituting the capacitance calculation circuit is shielded from the outside with respect to the electrode in a use environment where the temperature on the sensor head side is exposed to a high temperature. A capacitance type gear tooth sensor, wherein the CV conversion circuit semiconductor element is a silicon IC, which is disposed at a lower temperature than the sensor head via a cable. 回転体（２）の突起（３）に対して所定間隙（ａ）を有して筐体（１）側に一対の電極（４Ａ、４Ｂ）を有する一つのセンサーヘッド（４）を設け、前記回転体の回転時、前記一方の電極が前記突起の山側に対向した場合には、前記他方の電極は前記突起の谷側に対向するようにして、前記電極を有するセンサーヘッド（４）が同時に検出した検出信号を前記電極にそれぞれ別個に接続する一対のケーブル（６Ａ、６Ｂ）を介して静電容量演算回路（５Ａ）が取得し、該静電容量演算回路は各検出信号をＣＡ−ＣＢの静電容量差として演算する静電容量型の回転体の回転速度の検出方法。 One sensor head (4) having a predetermined gap (a) with respect to the protrusion (3) of the rotating body (2) and having a pair of electrodes (4A, 4B) on the housing (1) side is provided, When the rotating body rotates, if the one electrode faces the peak side of the protrusion, the other electrode faces the valley side of the protrusion, and the sensor head (4) having the electrode simultaneously The capacitance calculation circuit (5A) obtains the detected detection signals via a pair of cables (6A, 6B) separately connected to the electrodes, and the capacitance calculation circuit transmits each detection signal to C A − A method of detecting the rotational speed of a capacitance-type rotating body that is calculated as a capacitance difference of C B.
JP2012271499A 2012-12-12 2012-12-12 Capacitance gear tooth and method for detecting rotational speed of capacitance rotor Pending JP2014115251A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106248989A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-21 华北电力大学 Metallic rotator rotary speed measurement apparatus based on electrostatic transducer and method
CN110356473A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-22 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of vehicle redundancy rotation angular sensing system
JP2021501310A (en) * 2017-11-09 2021-01-14 ベバスト エスエーＷｅｂａｓｔｏ ＳＥ Motor positioning by capacitance measurement

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106248989A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-21 华北电力大学 Metallic rotator rotary speed measurement apparatus based on electrostatic transducer and method
JP2021501310A (en) * 2017-11-09 2021-01-14 ベバスト エスエーＷｅｂａｓｔｏ ＳＥ Motor positioning by capacitance measurement
JP7079917B2 (en) 2017-11-09 2022-06-03 ベバスト エスエー Motor positioning by capacitance measurement
CN110356473A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-22 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of vehicle redundancy rotation angular sensing system

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