JP2014111969A - Laminated rubber bearing - Google Patents

Laminated rubber bearing Download PDF

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JP2014111969A
JP2014111969A JP2012266626A JP2012266626A JP2014111969A JP 2014111969 A JP2014111969 A JP 2014111969A JP 2012266626 A JP2012266626 A JP 2012266626A JP 2012266626 A JP2012266626 A JP 2012266626A JP 2014111969 A JP2014111969 A JP 2014111969A
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rubber
laminated rubber
laminated
layer
bearing
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JP5984012B2 (en
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Yoshie Kotsuki
祥江 小槻
Keiji Nakanishi
啓二 中西
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminated rubber bearing capable of keeping seismic isolation performance from declining due to torsional deformation.SOLUTION: A laminated rubber bearing 1 has a laminated rubber 101 layering a plurality of rubber layers 104a and a plurality of steel plates 105 and supports a superstructure 3 by being placed between the same and a substructure 2. The laminated rubber 101 also has a reinforcing layer (rubber layer 104b) made of a rubber material with a lower attenuation constant than the rubber layer 104a.

Description

本発明は、積層ゴム支承に関する。   The present invention relates to a laminated rubber bearing.

建築物の免震構造には、下部構造物と上部構造物との間に介在させた積層ゴム支承により上部構造物を支持する構造がある。   As a seismic isolation structure for a building, there is a structure in which an upper structure is supported by a laminated rubber support interposed between the lower structure and the upper structure.

積層ゴム支承は、ゴム層と鋼板とを交互に積層した積層ゴムと、積層ゴムにおけるゴム層と鋼板との積層方向の両端に接合された一対のフランジとを備える。この積層ゴム支承は、一対のフランジのうちの一方のフランジが下部構造物に固定され、他方のフランジが上部構造物に固定される。   The laminated rubber support includes laminated rubber in which rubber layers and steel plates are alternately laminated, and a pair of flanges joined to both ends of the laminated rubber in the lamination direction of the rubber layers and the steel plates. In this laminated rubber bearing, one of the pair of flanges is fixed to the lower structure, and the other flange is fixed to the upper structure.

この種の積層ゴム支承には、減衰性能を付加した高減衰ゴム材料をゴム層に用いた高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承がある（例えば特許文献１を参照。）。高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承は、ゴム層により地震エネルギーを減衰することで、上部構造物の揺れ幅を小さくするとともに揺れを早期に収束させることができる。   As this type of laminated rubber bearing, there is a high-damping rubber-based laminated rubber bearing in which a high-damping rubber material to which damping performance is added is used for the rubber layer (for example, see Patent Document 1). The high-damping rubber-based laminated rubber bearing can attenuate the seismic energy by the rubber layer, thereby reducing the swing width of the upper structure and converging the swing at an early stage.

特開２００２−１４６１０６号公報JP 2002-146106 A

積層ゴム支承は、水平２方向加力を受けると積層ゴムにねじれモーメントが発生し、ゴム層にねじれ変形が生じる。この際、ゴム層には、せん断変形によるせん断ひずみに、ねじれ変形によるせん断ひずみが付加される。そのため、水平２方向加力を受けると、水平１方向加力により破断するせん断変形量よりも小さなせん断変形量で破断することがある。特に、高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承は、減衰性能を付加したことによりゴム層のねじれ変形が大きくなり、ねじれ変形により付加されるせん断ひずみが大きくなることが知られている。そのため、高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承を用いた免震構造では、水平２方向の大きな地震力を受けた場合に積層ゴムが早期に破断してしまい、免震性能が低下する恐れがある。   When the laminated rubber bearing receives a horizontal two-direction force, a torsional moment is generated in the laminated rubber, and a torsional deformation is generated in the rubber layer. At this time, the shear strain due to torsional deformation is added to the shear strain due to shear deformation to the rubber layer. Therefore, when a horizontal two-direction force is applied, the fracture may occur with a shear deformation amount smaller than a shear deformation amount that breaks due to the horizontal one-direction force. In particular, it is known that a high-damping rubber-based laminated rubber bearing is provided with a damping performance, so that the torsional deformation of the rubber layer increases, and the shear strain applied by the torsional deformation increases. Therefore, in the seismic isolation structure using the high-damping rubber-based laminated rubber bearing, the laminated rubber may break early when subjected to a large seismic force in two horizontal directions, and the seismic isolation performance may be deteriorated.

本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、ねじれ変形による免震性能の低下を防ぐことが可能な積層ゴム支承を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It aims at providing the laminated rubber bearing which can prevent the fall of the seismic isolation performance by torsional deformation.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る積層ゴム支承は、複数のゴム層と複数の鋼板とを積層した積層ゴムを備え、下部構造物と上部構造物との間に介在させて上部構造物を支持する積層ゴム支承であって、前記積層ゴムは、前記ゴム層よりも減衰定数の小さいゴム材料を用いた強化層を有することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a laminated rubber obtained by laminating a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of steel plates, and is provided between a lower structure and an upper structure. A laminated rubber bearing that supports an upper structure by interposing the laminated rubber, wherein the laminated rubber has a reinforced layer using a rubber material having a smaller damping constant than the rubber layer.

また、本発明の請求項２に係る積層ゴム支承は、上記請求項１に係る積層ゴム支承において、前記強化層は、前記積層ゴムにおけるゴム層と鋼板との積層方向の両端に設けられていることを特徴とする。   The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 2 of the present invention is the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layers are provided at both ends of the laminated rubber in the lamination direction of the rubber layer and the steel plate. It is characterized by that.

本発明に係る積層ゴム支承は、ゴム層と鋼板とを積層した積層ゴムに、ゴム層よりも減衰定数の小さいゴム材料を用いた強化層を設けている。積層ゴムのねじれ変形はゴム層の減衰性能が高いほど大きくなる傾向があるため、強化層はゴム層に比べてねじれ変形が生じにくい。そのため、強化層を有する積層ゴム支承は、ゴム層及び鋼板のみを積層した積層ゴム支承に比べて、ねじれ変形により付加されるせん断ひずみを小さくできる。したがって、本発明に係る積層ゴム支承は、ねじれ変形による早期の破断等で免震性能が低下することを防げる。   In the laminated rubber bearing according to the present invention, a reinforced layer using a rubber material having a smaller damping constant than the rubber layer is provided on the laminated rubber obtained by laminating a rubber layer and a steel plate. Since the torsional deformation of the laminated rubber tends to increase as the damping performance of the rubber layer increases, the torsional deformation of the reinforcing layer is less likely to occur than the rubber layer. Therefore, the laminated rubber bearing having the reinforcing layer can reduce the shear strain applied by torsional deformation as compared with the laminated rubber bearing in which only the rubber layer and the steel plate are laminated. Therefore, the laminated rubber bearing according to the present invention can prevent the seismic isolation performance from being deteriorated due to early breakage due to torsional deformation.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態である積層ゴム支承の縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a laminated rubber support according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、積層ゴム支承のゴム層に用いるゴム材料とねじれによるせん断ひずみとの関係を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rubber material used for the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing and the shear strain due to torsion.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明に係る積層ゴム支承の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。なお、実施の形態を説明するための全図において、同一機能を有するものは同一符号を付け、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a laminated rubber bearing according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態である積層ゴム支承の縦断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a laminated rubber support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

本実施の形態の積層ゴム支承１は、免震装置の１種であり、図１に示すように下部構造物２と上部構造物３との間に介在させて上部構造物３を支持するものである。下部構造物２は、建築物の基礎であり、地盤４に固定されている。上部構造物３は、家、ビル、工場等の建物である。なお、下部構造物２と上部構造物３との間には、複数の積層ゴム支承１が所定の間隔で配置されている。   The laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present embodiment is a type of seismic isolation device, and supports the upper structure 3 by being interposed between the lower structure 2 and the upper structure 3 as shown in FIG. It is. The lower structure 2 is the foundation of the building and is fixed to the ground 4. The upper structure 3 is a building such as a house, a building, or a factory. A plurality of laminated rubber supports 1 are arranged at a predetermined interval between the lower structure 2 and the upper structure 3.

積層ゴム支承１は、積層ゴム１０１と、第１のフランジ１０２と、第２のフランジ１０３とを備える。積層ゴム１０１は、ゴム層１０４ａ，１０４ｂと鋼板１０５とを交互に積層した積層ゴム本体と、積層ゴム本体の外周に設けられた被覆ゴム１０６とからなる。第１のフランジ１０２は、積層ゴム１０１におけるゴム層１０４ａ，１０４ｂと鋼板１０５との積層方向の一端に接合した円板状の金属部材である。第２のフランジ１０３は、積層ゴム１０１における積層方向の他端に接合した円板状の金属部材である。この積層ゴム支承１は、積層ゴム１０１における積層方向が上下方向になり、第１のフランジ１０２が下部構造物２に対向するように下部構造物２と上部構造物３との間に配置している。そして、ボルト５により第１のフランジ１０２を下部構造物２に固定するとともに、第２のフランジ１０３を上部構造物３に固定している。   The laminated rubber support 1 includes a laminated rubber 101, a first flange 102, and a second flange 103. The laminated rubber 101 includes a laminated rubber main body in which rubber layers 104a and 104b and steel plates 105 are alternately laminated, and a covering rubber 106 provided on the outer periphery of the laminated rubber main body. The first flange 102 is a disk-shaped metal member joined to one end in the lamination direction of the rubber layers 104 a and 104 b and the steel plate 105 in the laminated rubber 101. The second flange 103 is a disk-shaped metal member joined to the other end of the laminated rubber 101 in the laminating direction. The laminated rubber support 1 is arranged between the lower structure 2 and the upper structure 3 so that the lamination direction of the laminated rubber 101 is in the vertical direction and the first flange 102 faces the lower structure 2. Yes. The first flange 102 is fixed to the lower structure 2 by the bolt 5 and the second flange 103 is fixed to the upper structure 3.

下部構造物２と上部構造物３との間に積層ゴム支承１を介在させた建築物では、水平地震力を受けると、下部構造物２と積層ゴム支承１の積層ゴム１０１との間、及び積層ゴム１０１と上部構造物３との間でせん断力が伝達される。これにより、積層ゴム１０１がせん断変形し、上部構造物３に伝達する地震力や揺れを軽減できる。   In a building in which the laminated rubber support 1 is interposed between the lower structure 2 and the upper structure 3, when a horizontal seismic force is applied, between the lower structure 2 and the laminated rubber 101 of the laminated rubber support 1, and Shear force is transmitted between the laminated rubber 101 and the upper structure 3. Thereby, the laminated rubber 101 is subjected to shear deformation, and the seismic force and shaking transmitted to the upper structure 3 can be reduced.

積層ゴム１０１における積層ゴム本体は、上記のようにゴム層１０４ａ，１０４ｂと鋼板１０５とを交互に積層している。なお、積層ゴム１０１における積層方向の両端にあるゴム層１０４ｂは、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層であり、積層ゴム１０１のせん断耐力を強化する強化層として設けている。一方、ゴム層（強化層）１０４ｂを除く他のゴム層１０４ａは、高減衰ゴム材料を用いたゴム層である。   The laminated rubber body in the laminated rubber 101 has the rubber layers 104a and 104b and the steel plates 105 alternately laminated as described above. The rubber layers 104b at both ends in the lamination direction of the laminated rubber 101 are rubber layers using natural rubber, and are provided as reinforcing layers that reinforce the shear strength of the laminated rubber 101. On the other hand, the rubber layer 104a other than the rubber layer (reinforcing layer) 104b is a rubber layer using a high damping rubber material.

高減衰ゴム材料は、天然ゴムに合成ゴムや配合剤を混合して減衰性能を付加したゴム材料である。そのため、地震力を受けた際にはゴム層１０４ａにより地震エネルギーを減衰でき、上部構造物３の揺れ幅を小さくするとともに揺れを早期に収束させることができる。   The high damping rubber material is a rubber material obtained by adding damping performance by mixing natural rubber with synthetic rubber or a compounding agent. Therefore, when the seismic force is received, the seismic energy can be attenuated by the rubber layer 104a, the swing width of the upper structure 3 can be reduced, and the swing can be converged early.

一方、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ｂは、高減衰ゴム材料に比べて減衰定数が小さくほぼ弾性挙動を示す。積層ゴムのねじれ変形はゴム層の減衰性能が高いほど大きくなる傾向があるため、減衰定数の小さいゴム層１０４ｂはねじれ変形が生じにくい。このゴム層１０４ｂを積層ゴム１０１に設けることで、水平２方向の地震力を受けた際のねじれによるせん断ひずみを小さくできる。そのため、ねじれ変形による早期の破断等で免震性能が低下することを防げる。   On the other hand, the rubber layer 104b using natural rubber has a smaller damping constant than the high damping rubber material and exhibits almost elastic behavior. Since the torsional deformation of the laminated rubber tends to increase as the damping performance of the rubber layer increases, the rubber layer 104b having a small damping constant is less likely to be twisted. By providing the rubber layer 104b on the laminated rubber 101, shear strain due to torsion when subjected to two horizontal horizontal seismic forces can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the seismic isolation performance from being deteriorated due to early breakage due to torsional deformation.

図２は、積層ゴム支承のゴム層に用いるゴム材料とねじれによるせん断ひずみとの関係を示す図である。   FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rubber material used for the rubber layer of the laminated rubber bearing and the shear strain due to torsion.

ゴム層に高減衰ゴム材料を用いた高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承では、水平２方向加力を受けると、図２に丸印で示したように長軸方向のせん断ひずみγｘが大きくなるとともに、ねじれによる最大せん断ひずみγφが大きくなる。また、ゴム層に天然ゴムを用いた天然ゴム系積層ゴム支承も、水平２方向加力を受けると、図２に三角印で示したように長軸方向のせん断ひずみγｘが大きくなるとともに、ねじれによる最大せん断ひずみγφが大きくなる。しかしながら、長軸方向のせん断ひずみγｘが同じ値のときには、天然ゴム系積層ゴム支承のほうがねじれによる最大せん断ひずみγφが小さい。すなわち、ゴム層に天然ゴムを用いると、高減衰ゴム材料を用いた場合に比べてねじれによるせん断ひずみが発生しにくくなる。 In a high-damping rubber-based laminated rubber bearing using a high-damping rubber material for the rubber layer, when subjected to two horizontal directions of force, the shear strain γ x in the major axis direction increases as shown by the circles in FIG. The maximum shear strain γ φ due to torsion increases. In addition, when a natural rubber-based laminated rubber bearing using natural rubber for the rubber layer is also subjected to two horizontal directions of force, the shear strain γ x in the major axis direction increases as shown by the triangle in FIG. Maximum shear strain γ φ due to torsion increases. However, when the shear strain γ x in the major axis direction is the same value, the natural rubber-based laminated rubber bearing has a smaller maximum shear strain γ φ due to torsion. That is, when natural rubber is used for the rubber layer, shear strain due to torsion is less likely to occur than when a high damping rubber material is used.

また、ねじれによるせん断ひずみは、積層ゴムにおける積層方向の両端で最大となる。そのため、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ｂを積層方向の両端に設けることで、ねじれによるせん断ひずみを小さくする効果が高くなる。   Further, the shear strain due to torsion is maximized at both ends of the laminated rubber in the laminating direction. Therefore, by providing the rubber layers 104b using natural rubber at both ends in the stacking direction, the effect of reducing the shear strain due to torsion is enhanced.

このように、本実施の形態の積層ゴム支承１は、減衰性能を持たせた上で、ねじれ変形による免震性能の低下を防ぐことができる。そのため、水平２方向の地震力を受けた場合においても、水平１方向の地震力を受けた場合と同等の免震性能を発揮することができる。   Thus, the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present embodiment can prevent the seismic isolation performance from being deteriorated due to torsional deformation while having damping performance. Therefore, even when subjected to seismic force in two horizontal directions, seismic isolation performance equivalent to that when receiving seismic force in one horizontal direction can be exhibited.

また、積層ゴム支承は、ゴムシートと鋼板とを交互に重ねて高温で加硫して製作する。本実施の形態の積層ゴム１０１は、高減衰ゴム系積層ゴム支承の積層ゴムにおける両端のゴム層を高減衰ゴムから天然ゴムに置き換えたものといえる。そのため、本実施の形態の積層ゴム支承１を製作するときには、積層方向の両端を天然ゴムシートに置き換えるだけでよい。すなわち、本実施の形態の積層ゴム支承１は、既知の方法を用いて製作することが可能である。   The laminated rubber bearing is manufactured by alternately laminating rubber sheets and steel plates and vulcanizing at high temperature. It can be said that the laminated rubber 101 of the present embodiment is obtained by replacing the rubber layers at both ends of the laminated rubber of the high-attenuation rubber-based laminated rubber bearing with natural rubber from the high-attenuation rubber. Therefore, when manufacturing the laminated rubber support 1 of the present embodiment, both ends in the lamination direction need only be replaced with natural rubber sheets. That is, the laminated rubber support 1 of the present embodiment can be manufactured using a known method.

また、積層ゴム１０１にねじれ変形が生じた場合、長周期地震動のような継続時間が長く振幅の大きい地震動に対して十分な免震性能を発揮できない恐れがある。本実施の形態の積層ゴム支承１であれば、積層ゴム１０１のねじれ変形を小さくすることができるので、そのような懸念も払拭できる。   Further, when torsional deformation occurs in the laminated rubber 101, there is a possibility that sufficient seismic isolation performance cannot be exhibited for earthquake motions having a long duration and a large amplitude such as long-period earthquake motions. With the laminated rubber support 1 of the present embodiment, the torsional deformation of the laminated rubber 101 can be reduced, and such a concern can be eliminated.

なお、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ｂは、積層ゴム１０１における積層方向の両端部に複数層ずつ設けてもよい。   The rubber layer 104b using natural rubber may be provided in a plurality of layers at both ends of the laminated rubber 101 in the laminating direction.

また、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ｂは、積層方向の両端に限らず、積層方向のいずれの位置に設けてもよい。しかしながら、ねじれによるせん断ひずみは積層方向の両端で最大となるため、ゴム層１０４ｂは積層ゴム１０１における積層方向の両端を含む両端部に１層から複数層設けることが好ましい。   The rubber layer 104b using natural rubber is not limited to both ends in the stacking direction, and may be provided at any position in the stacking direction. However, since the shear strain due to torsion is maximized at both ends in the laminating direction, the rubber layer 104b is preferably provided from one layer to a plurality of layers at both end portions of the laminated rubber 101 including both ends in the laminating direction.

さらに、積層ゴム１０１に強化層として設けるゴム層は、高減衰ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ａよりも減衰定数の小さいゴム材料であればよい。すなわち、強化層は、天然ゴムを用いたゴム層１０４ｂに限らず、他のゴム材料を用いたゴム層であってもよい。また、減衰定数が異なる複数種類のゴム層を、積層方向の中央部側から最端に向かうにつれて減衰定数が段階的に小さくなるように設けてもよい。   Furthermore, the rubber layer provided as a reinforcing layer on the laminated rubber 101 may be a rubber material having a smaller damping constant than the rubber layer 104a using a high damping rubber. That is, the reinforcing layer is not limited to the rubber layer 104b using natural rubber, but may be a rubber layer using another rubber material. Further, a plurality of types of rubber layers having different attenuation constants may be provided so that the attenuation constant decreases stepwise from the central portion side in the stacking direction toward the extreme end.

１ 積層ゴム支承
１０１ 積層ゴム
１０２ 第１のフランジ
１０３ 第２のフランジ
１０４ａ ゴム層
１０４ｂ ゴム層（強化層）
１０５ 鋼板
１０６ 被覆ゴム
２ 下部構造物
３ 上部構造物
４ 地盤
５ ボルト DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laminated rubber support 101 Laminated rubber 102 1st flange 103 2nd flange 104a Rubber layer 104b Rubber layer (reinforced layer)
105 Steel plate 106 Coated rubber 2 Lower structure 3 Upper structure 4 Ground 5 Bolt

Claims (2)

複数のゴム層と複数の鋼板とを積層した積層ゴムを備え、下部構造物と上部構造物との間に介在させて上部構造物を支持する積層ゴム支承であって、
前記積層ゴムは、前記ゴム層よりも減衰定数の小さいゴム材料を用いた強化層を有することを特徴とする積層ゴム支承。 A laminated rubber bearing comprising a laminated rubber obtained by laminating a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of steel plates, and supporting the upper structure by interposing between the lower structure and the upper structure,
The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein the laminated rubber has a reinforcing layer made of a rubber material having a smaller damping constant than the rubber layer. 前記強化層は、前記積層ゴムにおけるゴム層と鋼板との積層方向の両端に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の積層ゴム支承。   The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is provided at both ends of the laminated rubber in the lamination direction of the rubber layer and the steel plate.
JP2012266626A 2012-12-05 2012-12-05 Laminated rubber support Expired - Fee Related JP5984012B2 (en)

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CN105156530A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-16 青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Middle-concave type overlapped rubber spring
CN110965834A (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-04-07 中国建筑股份有限公司 Graphene-based shock insulation support and construction method thereof
CN112823251A (en) * 2018-10-09 2021-05-18 株式会社普利司通 Shock isolation device

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CN112823251A (en) * 2018-10-09 2021-05-18 株式会社普利司通 Shock isolation device
CN112823251B (en) * 2018-10-09 2022-12-06 株式会社普利司通 Shock isolation device
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CN110965834B (en) * 2019-11-01 2023-01-03 中国建筑股份有限公司 Graphene-based shock insulation support and construction method thereof

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